Peter Domachuk
The University of Sydney, Physics, Post-Doc
Figure 1: (left) AFM profile of a smooth silk film, less than 05 nm RMS roughness. (middle) Photograph of the hemoglobin silk grating (HSG). (right) Spectral response of the HSG, in response to oxygen (red) and nitrogen (blue). 1.... more
Figure 1: (left) AFM profile of a smooth silk film, less than 05 nm RMS roughness. (middle) Photograph of the hemoglobin silk grating (HSG). (right) Spectral response of the HSG, in response to oxygen (red) and nitrogen (blue). 1. Introduction Over five millennia of history have accompanied the evolution of silk from a prized textile to a scientifically attractive fibre. The protein has recently found uses well beyond traditional textile and medical suture applications that have been the main modes of utilization in the past.
Abstract The rapid development in optical detection techniques for sensing applications has led to an increased need for biocompatible, biodegradable, and disposable optical components. We present a controllable fabrication technique for... more
Abstract The rapid development in optical detection techniques for sensing applications has led to an increased need for biocompatible, biodegradable, and disposable optical components. We present a controllable fabrication technique for an entirely biopolymeric planar optical waveguide via simple spin-coating.
First, we fabricated a variable optical attenuator by using a dicing saw to cut a microfluidic channel across a single mode fiber embedded in UV-cured photo-polymer (NOA-61 from Norland Optical Adhesives) on a 700μm thick glass substrate.... more
First, we fabricated a variable optical attenuator by using a dicing saw to cut a microfluidic channel across a single mode fiber embedded in UV-cured photo-polymer (NOA-61 from Norland Optical Adhesives) on a 700μm thick glass substrate. The resulting microfluidic channel was loaded with a 50μl drop of a 0.1mg/ml suspension of 20μm diameter silica microspheres (Kisker-biotech GbR) and sealed with adhesive tape. The device was mounted on an inverted optical tweezers microscope equipped with a piezoelectric stage.
abstract Optofluidics, the marriage of photonics and microfluidics, uses the inherent flexibility of confined fluids to reversibly tune photonic structures beyond traditional fabrication methods. Photonic crystals (PhCs) are well suited... more
abstract Optofluidics, the marriage of photonics and microfluidics, uses the inherent flexibility of confined fluids to reversibly tune photonic structures beyond traditional fabrication methods. Photonic crystals (PhCs) are well suited to optofluidic tuning; their periodic air-hole microstructure is a natural candidate for housing liquids. This microstructure enables PhCs to strongly control light on the wavelength scale.
1. Introduction Over five millennia of history have accompanied the journey of silk from a prized textile to a scientifically attractive fiber. Its features have captivated people in the past and today silk commands considerable attention... more
1. Introduction Over five millennia of history have accompanied the journey of silk from a prized textile to a scientifically attractive fiber. Its features have captivated people in the past and today silk commands considerable attention due to its versatile material properties. Silk has found use in hydrogels, ultrathin films, thick films, conformal coatings, 3D porous matrices, solid blocks, and fibers with diameters from the nanoscale to several centimeters [1].
Whilst MOFs have many interesting properties in their own right, such as exotic nonlinearities and dispersion profiles, a variety of novel devices may be realized by post-fabrication engineering these fibers.
Research into photonic crystals has been in vogue for some time, but real commercial use of these materials has yet to be demonstrated. The keys to their eventual success as a platform for integrated photonics lie in the exploration of... more
Research into photonic crystals has been in vogue for some time, but real commercial use of these materials has yet to be demonstrated. The keys to their eventual success as a platform for integrated photonics lie in the exploration of new materials and the incorporation of additional functionality. Another critical component is the close interaction in research labs among fabrication, measurement and modeling.
Abstract Micro-structured optical fibers provide a broad range of interesting phenomena outside of their designed usage as longitudinal waveguides. Through the use of both static and dynamic microfluidic tuning, tapering down to... more
Abstract Micro-structured optical fibers provide a broad range of interesting phenomena outside of their designed usage as longitudinal waveguides. Through the use of both static and dynamic microfluidic tuning, tapering down to sub-wavelength scales and the transverse probing of the micro-structure we investigate the nature of these phenomena.
1. Introduction The nonlinear pulse-broadening phenomenon of supercontinuum (SC) generation in fibers has been the subject of much recent research [1]. Typically, photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are used, the microstructure being used to... more
1. Introduction The nonlinear pulse-broadening phenomenon of supercontinuum (SC) generation in fibers has been the subject of much recent research [1]. Typically, photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are used, the microstructure being used to reduce the mode area of the fiber [2,3] to enhance the nonlinear response in addition to the inherent nonlinearity of thematerial. However, it is also possible to further enhance the nonlinearity of the fiber waveguide by tapering; the process of reducing the cross-section of the fiber by application of heat and tension.
ABSTRACT The marriage of photonics and microfluidics (“optofluidics”) uses the inherent mobility of fluids to reversibly tune photonic structures beyond traditional fabrication methods by infiltrating voids in said structures. Photonic... more
ABSTRACT The marriage of photonics and microfluidics (“optofluidics”) uses the inherent mobility of fluids to reversibly tune photonic structures beyond traditional fabrication methods by infiltrating voids in said structures. Photonic crystals (PhCs) strongly control light on the wavelength scale and are well suited to optofluidic tuning because their periodic airhole microstructure is a natural candidate for housing liquids.
Abstract We demonstrate a method for using microfludics to dynamically tune a photonic bandgap material. In this letter, the material is a photonic crystal fiber which is probed transversely. This geometry is analyzed experimentally and... more
Abstract We demonstrate a method for using microfludics to dynamically tune a photonic bandgap material. In this letter, the material is a photonic crystal fiber which is probed transversely. This geometry is analyzed experimentally and the resulting spectra are compared to band-structure calculations. The fluidic tuning system is thermally driven and the temporal response of this dynamic tuning is characterized experimentally.
Abstract We introduce a class of highly compact refractometers integrated onto a planar microfluidic geometry that demonstrates high resolution refractive index measurements in 50 μm fluid channels utilizing a Fabry–Perot cavity formed... more
Abstract We introduce a class of highly compact refractometers integrated onto a planar microfluidic geometry that demonstrates high resolution refractive index measurements in 50 μm fluid channels utilizing a Fabry–Perot cavity formed between resonant Bragg grating reflectors. This cavity forms a resonant peak in the transmission spectrum which is dependent upon the refractive index of the fluid in the microfluidic channel.
Page 1. 39 ISBN 0 –9775657– 0 –X ACOFT/AOS 2006 – Proceedings Melbourne, Australia, 10 – 13 July 2006 Optically Trapped Silica Micro-fibers Peter Domachuk, Eric C. Magi, Mark Cronin-Golomb*, Benjamin J. Eggleton CUDOS, School of Physics,... more
Page 1. 39 ISBN 0 –9775657– 0 –X ACOFT/AOS 2006 – Proceedings Melbourne, Australia, 10 – 13 July 2006 Optically Trapped Silica Micro-fibers Peter Domachuk, Eric C. Magi, Mark Cronin-Golomb*, Benjamin J. Eggleton CUDOS, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia *Dept.
The 1990s were a time of great success for optical communication technologies based on light-guiding fibres 1 . This, however, was only the first step towards all-optical networks. Many believe the next technological step in achieving... more
The 1990s were a time of great success for optical communication technologies based on light-guiding fibres 1 . This, however, was only the first step towards all-optical networks. Many believe the next technological step in achieving high-bandwidth optical communications systems lies in the miniaturization of optical signal processing devices: the creation of so-called photonic chips. These are analogous to the development of the chip-based solid-state circuit using transistors, which revolutionized electronics during the 1970s.
We introduce a novel method of attaining all-optical beam control in an optofluidic device by displacing an optically trapped microsphere through a light beam. The micro-sphere causes the beam to be refracted by various degrees as a... more
We introduce a novel method of attaining all-optical beam control in an optofluidic device by displacing an optically trapped microsphere through a light beam. The micro-sphere causes the beam to be refracted by various degrees as a function of the sphere position, providing tunable attenuation and beam-steering in the device. The device itself consists of the manipulated light beam extending between two buried waveguides which are on either side of a microfluidic channel.
We experimentally demonstrate reconfigurable photonic crystal waveguides created directly by infiltrating high refractive index (n≈ 2.01) liquids into selected air holes of a two-dimensional hexagonal periodic lattice in silicon. The... more
We experimentally demonstrate reconfigurable photonic crystal waveguides created directly by infiltrating high refractive index (n≈ 2.01) liquids into selected air holes of a two-dimensional hexagonal periodic lattice in silicon. The resulting effective index contrast is large enough that a single row of infiltrated holes enables light propagation at near-infrared wavelengths.
Abstract We report broad bandwidth, mid-IR supercontinuum generation using a sub-cm (8 mm) length of highly nonlinear tellurite microstructured photonic crystal fiber (PCF). We pump the fiber at telecommunication wavelengths by using 1550... more
Abstract We report broad bandwidth, mid-IR supercontinuum generation using a sub-cm (8 mm) length of highly nonlinear tellurite microstructured photonic crystal fiber (PCF). We pump the fiber at telecommunication wavelengths by using 1550 nm, 100 fs pulses of energy E= 1.9 nJ. When coupled in the PCF, these pulses result in a supercontinuum (SC) bandwidth of 4080 nm extending from 789 to 4870 nm measured at 20 dBm below the peak spectral power.
Abstract The integration of microfluidics and microphotonics brings the ability to tune and reconfigure ultra-compact optical devices. This flexibility is essentially provided by three characteristics of fluids that are scalable at the... more
Abstract The integration of microfluidics and microphotonics brings the ability to tune and reconfigure ultra-compact optical devices. This flexibility is essentially provided by three characteristics of fluids that are scalable at the micron-scale: fluid mobility, large ranges of index modulation, and abrupt interfaces that can be easily reshaped. Several examples of optofluidic devices are presented here to illustrate the achievement of flexible devices on (semi) planar and compact platforms.
Abstract: We taper a 90% air-fill fraction, air core, photonic crystal fiber and observe a multitude ofpartial band gaps along the length of the taper. We simulate this geometry with the FDTD and plane wave expansion methods. OCIS codes:... more
Abstract: We taper a 90% air-fill fraction, air core, photonic crystal fiber and observe a multitude ofpartial band gaps along the length of the taper. We simulate this geometry with the FDTD and plane wave expansion methods. OCIS codes: 060.2310, 060.2270 1. Introduction Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) usually contain a periodic matrix of air inclusions around a core. Guidance can be achieved through resonant reflection from these inclusions (the photonic bandgap effect) or total internal reflection [1].
Abstract We characterize a microstructured photonic crystal fiber in the transverse direction, observing photonic bandgap effects in the transmission spectra. This is modeled using band structure and finite-difference time-domain... more
Abstract We characterize a microstructured photonic crystal fiber in the transverse direction, observing photonic bandgap effects in the transmission spectra. This is modeled using band structure and finite-difference time-domain techniques and reasonable agreement is found, confirming the observation of higher order partial photonic bandgaps. A tapered transverse bandgap fiber is used to create a reduced loss device utilizing the fundamental gap.
Abstract Bio-microfluidics applies biomaterials and biologically inspired structural designs (biomimetics) to microfluidic devices. Microfluidics, the techniques for constraining fluids on the micrometer and sub-micrometer scale, offer... more
Abstract Bio-microfluidics applies biomaterials and biologically inspired structural designs (biomimetics) to microfluidic devices. Microfluidics, the techniques for constraining fluids on the micrometer and sub-micrometer scale, offer applications ranging from lab-on-a-chip to optofluidics. Despite this wealth of applications, the design of typical microfluidic devices imparts relatively simple, laminar behavior on fluids and is realized using materials and techniques from silicon planar fabrication.
We demonstrate a compact tunable filter based on a novel microfluidic single beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The optical path difference occurs during propagation across a fluid-air interface (meniscus), the inherent mobility of which... more
We demonstrate a compact tunable filter based on a novel microfluidic single beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The optical path difference occurs during propagation across a fluid-air interface (meniscus), the inherent mobility of which provides tunability. Optical losses are minimized by optimizing the meniscus shape through surface treatment. Optical spectra are compared to a 3D beam propagation method simulations and good agreement is found. Tunability, low insertion loss and strength of the resonance are well reproduced.
abstract Optofluidics offers new functionalities that can be useful for a large range of applications. What microfluidics can bring to microphotonics is the ability to tune and reconfigure ultra-compact optical devices. This flexibility... more
abstract Optofluidics offers new functionalities that can be useful for a large range of applications. What microfluidics can bring to microphotonics is the ability to tune and reconfigure ultra-compact optical devices. This flexibility is essentially provided by three characteristics of fluids that are scalable at the micron-scale: fluid mobility, large ranges of index modulation, and adaptable interfaces.
abstract We explore the possibility of using optical tweezers to enable all optical control of optofluidic circuits. Optically trapped microspheres can be used as microlenses for optical signal switching and steering. By using cantilevers... more
abstract We explore the possibility of using optical tweezers to enable all optical control of optofluidic circuits. Optically trapped microspheres can be used as microlenses for optical signal switching and steering. By using cantilevers instead of microspheres we provide a method for robust and stable placement of switching elements in the optofluidic circuits. Cantilevers made of tapered optical fiber and polydimethyl siloxane are demonstrated.
Abstract: Silk fibroin is a naturally occurring protein polymer (or biopolymer)[1], composed of s ome 5000 peptides, found in conjunction with thebinding protein sericin in structural fibres spun by spiders and silk-moth pupae [2]. Recent... more
Abstract: Silk fibroin is a naturally occurring protein polymer (or biopolymer)[1], composed of s ome 5000 peptides, found in conjunction with thebinding protein sericin in structural fibres spun by spiders and silk-moth pupae [2]. Recent advances have allowed silk fibroin protein to be efficiently and reliably extracted from the cocoon of the Bombyx mori silk worm [2]. This extraction is straightforward: silk-worm cocoons are boiled in water and various salt solutions then dialysed.
Fig. 1 (left): A schematic representation of the optical setup used to measure the transmission function of an aqueous glucose solution reference to a background of Milli-Q water using supercontinuum light. (right) A representative... more
Fig. 1 (left): A schematic representation of the optical setup used to measure the transmission function of an aqueous glucose solution reference to a background of Milli-Q water using supercontinuum light. (right) A representative spectrum of the supercontinuum light used to probe the absorption of glucose solutions. Show in squares are the wavelength regions used in this experiment. (inset) Three spectra at relevant wavelength bands probed using a single supercontinuum light.
1. Introduction Hollow core photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are a class of silica waveguides distinguished by a microstructured cladding of periodic air holes surrounding a hollow air core [1] which confines light using phase matched... more
1. Introduction Hollow core photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are a class of silica waveguides distinguished by a microstructured cladding of periodic air holes surrounding a hollow air core [1] which confines light using phase matched reflections from the microstructure to guide light independent of the silica matrix of the fiber.
Peter Domachuk, Christelle Monat, Christian Grillet, Hong. C. Nguyen, Eric. C. Magi, Ian CM Littler, Mark Cronin-Golomb1, Benjamin J. Eggleton CUDOS, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, NSW, Australia 1Dept. Biomedical... more
Peter Domachuk, Christelle Monat, Christian Grillet, Hong. C. Nguyen, Eric. C. Magi, Ian CM Littler, Mark Cronin-Golomb1, Benjamin J. Eggleton CUDOS, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, NSW, Australia 1Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA We review progress in optofluidics performed using optical fibers as the photonic transport medium. We fluidically tune the transmission properties of microstructured optical fibers and use telecommunications fibers to probe the optical properties of fluids.
Abstract The mobile nature of fluids is fully exploited in planar photonic crystals to not only tune and reconfigure in situ optical microcavities, in a continuous and reversible manner, but also to create “a posteriori” spatially... more
Abstract The mobile nature of fluids is fully exploited in planar photonic crystals to not only tune and reconfigure in situ optical microcavities, in a continuous and reversible manner, but also to create “a posteriori” spatially programmable cavities. Both the amount of liquid and the location of the selectively infiltrated area can be accurately controlled either mechanically, using a microfiber manipulator, or optically, using a laser-controlled evaporation and recondensation scheme.
Abstract The optical tweezers effect offers the potential for all-optical control of microfluidic and optofluidic devices. Several possible means for applying optical tweezers to optofluidics are described including the use of polymers to... more
Abstract The optical tweezers effect offers the potential for all-optical control of microfluidic and optofluidic devices. Several possible means for applying optical tweezers to optofluidics are described including the use of polymers to tether transversely trapped microspheres and eliminate the need for axial trapping. Also covered is the use of optically trapped cantilevers to make durable devices and to allow the optically actuated elements to be integrated into the devices during manufacture.
1. Introduction Microfluidics, the emerging science of fluids constrained on the micron scale, has found increasing application in a diverse range of fields. One such field is lab-on-a-chip, where large volume laboratory diagnostic and... more
1. Introduction Microfluidics, the emerging science of fluids constrained on the micron scale, has found increasing application in a diverse range of fields. One such field is lab-on-a-chip, where large volume laboratory diagnostic and reaction processes are miniaturized into a planar environment. Such processes include DNA amplification [1], explosives [2] and pathogen [3] detection. A useful parameter the measure in such detections is the refractive index of the fluids inside the microfluidic device.
Abstract We demonstrate an optofluidic lab-on-a-chip device by fabricating an optical transmission grating with an integrated microfluidic channel using soft lithography in polydimethylsiloxane. This integration of functionalities... more
Abstract We demonstrate an optofluidic lab-on-a-chip device by fabricating an optical transmission grating with an integrated microfluidic channel using soft lithography in polydimethylsiloxane. This integration of functionalities provides spectral analysis ldquoon-chiprdquo of the contents of the microfluidic channel. We demonstrate this functionality by performing a spectral analysis of chlorophyll probed using visible supercontinuum light.
We demonstrate tapering of a high air-fill fraction photonic crystal fiber by using the flame-brushing technique. Transverse probing along the taper allows us to ascertain how the microstructure is preserved during tapering. Experimental... more
We demonstrate tapering of a high air-fill fraction photonic crystal fiber by using the flame-brushing technique. Transverse probing along the taper allows us to ascertain how the microstructure is preserved during tapering. Experimental results are compared with numerical simulations performed with the finite-difference time-domain and plane-wave expansion methods.
Abstract The miniaturization of optical devices and their integration for creating adaptive and reconfigurable photonic integrated circuits requires effective platforms and methods to control light over very short distances. We present... more
Abstract The miniaturization of optical devices and their integration for creating adaptive and reconfigurable photonic integrated circuits requires effective platforms and methods to control light over very short distances. We present here several techniques and objects that we have developed to harness light at the sub-micrometer scale. These new tools include planar photonic crystal on nonlinear chalcogenide glasses, tapered silica fibres, optofluidics, and optical trapping.
I. INTRODUCTION Micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS) are often used for optical signal manipulation. Such devices have been electrostatically actuated, the forces from which can mechanically actuate or deform free-standing structures... more
I. INTRODUCTION Micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS) are often used for optical signal manipulation. Such devices have been electrostatically actuated, the forces from which can mechanically actuate or deform free-standing structures that comprise MEMS [1]. Another effect also causes actuating forces on the micron scale: optical trapping [2], which arises from the dielectric response of small particles displaying refractive index contrast in a tightly focused optical beam.
I. INTRODUCTION Micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS) and microphotonics have traditionally intersected with the aim of creating mechanical structures that modulate, direct or manipulate an optical beam [1]. Referred to as micro-electro... more
I. INTRODUCTION Micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS) and microphotonics have traditionally intersected with the aim of creating mechanical structures that modulate, direct or manipulate an optical beam [1]. Referred to as micro-electro optical mechanical systems (MOEMS), such devices have been electrically actuated, utilizing electrostatic force that, on micron-scale devices, can mechanically actuate or deform freestanding structures that mount an optical component [2].
Abstract Using a single-beam, compact interferometer, we measure the refractive index of liquids in the near IR. This highly compact device relies on a silica capillary with a 50 μm inner diameter: it uses a minimal volume of test liquid,... more
Abstract Using a single-beam, compact interferometer, we measure the refractive index of liquids in the near IR. This highly compact device relies on a silica capillary with a 50 μm inner diameter: it uses a minimal volume of test liquid, isolates the liquid from the humid atmosphere, has broadband operation, and is inherently mechanically stable. These characteristics, in combination with straightforward data acquisition, make it particularly well-suited for measuring the optical properties in the near IR of a wide range of liquids.
Abstract We investigate numerically and experimentally all-optical control of particles inside water filled, silica, hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF). We use an optical trapping beam focused outside the fiber, through its... more
Abstract We investigate numerically and experimentally all-optical control of particles inside water filled, silica, hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF). We use an optical trapping beam focused outside the fiber, through its microstructure, perpendicular to the HC-PCF and independent of the guided fiber core mode.
An all-solid photonic crystal fiber can be developed using two thermally matched glasses with one glass forming the background, and the other the lattice of inclusions. Optical properties of all-solid holey fibers (SOHO) are sensitive to... more
An all-solid photonic crystal fiber can be developed using two thermally matched glasses with one glass forming the background, and the other the lattice of inclusions. Optical properties of all-solid holey fibers (SOHO) are sensitive to the photonic cladding configuration, much the same as PCFs with air holes, and strongly depend on dispersion properties of the materials used. When a high index contrast between the glasses is assured photonic crystal fiber can effectively guide light with photonic band gap mechanism.
The extracellular availability of growth factors, hormones, chemokines, and neurotransmitters under gradient conditions is required for directional cellular responses such as migration, axonal pathfinding, and tissue patterning. These... more
The extracellular availability of growth factors, hormones, chemokines, and neurotransmitters under gradient conditions is required for directional cellular responses such as migration, axonal pathfinding, and tissue patterning. These responses are, in turn, important in disease and developmental processes.
Silk fibroin is a naturally occurring protein polymer (or biopolymer)[1], composed of some 5000 peptides, found in conjunction with thebinding protein sericin in structural fibres spun by spiders and silk-moth pupae [2]. Recent advances... more
Silk fibroin is a naturally occurring protein polymer (or biopolymer)[1], composed of some 5000 peptides, found in conjunction with thebinding protein sericin in structural fibres spun by spiders and silk-moth pupae [2]. Recent advances have allowed silk fibroin protein to be efficiently and reliably extracted from the cocoon of the Bombyx mori silk worm [2]. This extraction is straightforward: silk-worm cocoons are boiled in water and various salt solutions then dialysed.
Page 1. 54 ISBN 0 –9775657– 0 –X ACOFT/AOS 2006 – Proceedings Melbourne, Australia, 10 – 13 July 2006 Integrated Tunable Microfluidic Interferometer Christelle Monat, Peter Domachuk, Christian Grillet, Benjamin J.
We have proposed and demonstrated SOI lattice-shifted photonic crystal waveguides as a low-dispersion on-chip slow light device and evaluated their nonlinear enhancement. In this study, we integrated the device with spot-size converters... more
We have proposed and demonstrated SOI lattice-shifted photonic crystal waveguides as a low-dispersion on-chip slow light device and evaluated their nonlinear enhancement. In this study, we integrated the device with spot-size converters (SSC) using CMOS process. The SSC consists of inverse-tapered Si wire, and allows high-power input and clearer nonlinearities. The coupling loss between lensed fiber and Si wire is suppressed to 3 dB per facet.
Microstructured optical fibres (MOFs) have attracted much interest in recent times, due to their unique waveguiding properties that are vastly different from those of conventional step-index fibres. Tapering of these MOFs promises to... more
Microstructured optical fibres (MOFs) have attracted much interest in recent times, due to their unique waveguiding properties that are vastly different from those of conventional step-index fibres. Tapering of these MOFs promises to significantly extend and enhance their capabilities. In this paper, we review the fabrication and characterisation techniques of these fibre tapers, and explore their fundamental waveguiding properties and potential applications.