Bamba la Nazca
Bamba la Nazca ni moja kati ya mabamba ya gandunia yaani mapande ya miamba yanayounda ganda la Dunia. Bamba hilo limepokea jina lake kutokana na mji wa bandari wa Peru wa Nazca.
Bamba la Nazca liko mbele ya pwani la magharibi la Amerika Kusini. Ni moja ya mabamba yanayofunikwa kabisa na bahari, isipokuwa kuna visiwa vichache, kama Visiwa vya Juan Fernández. Eneo lake ni takribani kilomita za mraba 15,600,000[1].
Bamba hilo lina mwendo kuelekea polepole upande wa mashariki, linapogongana na bamba la Amerika Kusini ambalo ni bamba la kibara.
Katika mgongano huo bamba la Nazca lilisukumwa chini ya bara la Amerika Kusini na kuzama hapo kwenye koti la Dunia.
Tabia ya kawaida ya maeneo hayo ni matetemeko ya ardhi ya kina kirefu cheye vitovu vya mita mia kadhaa[2].
Kwenye mpaka ambako bamba moja linazama hutokea mifereji ya bahari kama vile Mfereji wa Atacama (kina hadi mita 8,065) na Mfereji wa Peru (kina hadi m 6369). Wakati huohuo, bara la Amerika Kusini liliinuliwa. Kama matokeo ya kusogezwa kwa mabamba milima ya Andes ilikunjwa kwenye pwani ya magharibi ya Amerika Kusini hadi kimo cha mita 6,962.
Mipaka
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Kwa upande wa kaskazini, bamba la Nazca linapakana na bamba la Cocos, upande wa magharibi na bamba la Pasifiki na upande wa kusini na bamba la Antaktiki. Kwenye mashariki, linakutana na bara la Amerika Kusini likizama chini yake.
Tanbihi
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- ↑ "Sizes of Tectonic or Lithospheric Plates". About.com Geology. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2016-06-05. Iliwekwa mnamo 4 Januari 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Darwin Gap quake will shake Chile again [1], New Scientist, 30 Jan 2011, accessed 8 Feb 2011.
Marejeo mengine
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Extreme Science site: "A Lesson in Plate tectonics" Archived 11 Februari 2010 at the Wayback Machine. The basics explained.
- Galapagos rise junction (map)
- Juan Fernandez and Easter microplate (map)
- Muawia Barazangi and Bryan L. Isacks, "Spatial distribution of earthquakes and subduction of the Nazca plate beneath South America" in Geology Vol. 4, No. 11, pp. 686–692. Abstract
- Mark Andrew Tinker, Terry C. Wallace, Susan L. Beck, Stephen Myers, and Andrew Papanikolas, "Geometry and state of stress of the Nazca plate beneath Bolivia and its implication for the evolution of the Bolivian orocline" in Geology 24(5), pp. 387–390 Abstract
- Cahill, T. and B. Isacks (1992). "Seismicity and shape of the subducted Nazca plate." Journal Geophysical Research 97 (12)
- James, D. (1978). "Subduction of the Nazca plate beneath Central Peru." Geology 6 (3) pp 174–178
- Martin Meschede and Udo Barckhausen, "Plate tectonic evolution of the Cocos-Nazca spreading center"