Agape S A N G A Palilo

The increase of world population, along with the poor agricultural practices have made it necessary to use new technologies like RS in the agricultural sector. The use of RS is important because precision agriculture is data intensive.
Agricultural management issues have a critical geographic dimension. RS technology enhances the storage and management of geographic information in order to analyze patterns, relationships, and trends for better decisions. Observing the colors of leaves or the overall appearances of plants can determine the plant’s condition. Remotely sensed images taken from drones and aircrafts provide a means to assess field conditions without physically touching them.
This enables more precision and accuracy thus opening the way to precision agriculture. This paper will discuss highly effective farming strategy which allows a farmer to tend maize rust disease in the southern highlands of Tanzania. This will help small holder farmers to increase productivity while lowering costs and minimising environmental impact.

Natural climate variability is a prominent factor which affects many aspect of life, livelihoods, and landscapes across Morogoro. In Morogoro, poor agricultural activities led to climatic variabilities which have been affecting crop production and in general the agricultural sector constantly. Human activities release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere the major being carbon dioxide which is greenhouse gas produced by the forests fires from Mindu and Uluguru mountains. Morogoro has experienced rapid increase of poor agricultural activities i.e. shifting cultivation, deforestation and burning as the methods of land preparation. These poor agricultural practices have led to environmental deterioration. Due to this there is a need to understand their implications for adaptation to climate change and variabilities in order to conserve the environment and to improve the crop yields. There are many techniques which can help to know what to do to get along with climate changes in order to conserve environment and to improve the crop yields. Some of these includes adaptation of climate smart agriculture (CSA) and Rain water harvesting systems. In general what is required is to make sure we are producing sustainably, that is we are meeting the current demands while conserving the environment for the future generation.

Droughts and dry spells will be more frequent, rain more inconsistent, and torrential downpours heavier, all phenomena that increase the risk of soil erosion and vegetation damage through runoff. Higher temperatures will increase the evaporation of soil moisture.
It is crucial for Tanzania to invest in terms of financial resources and research on adaptation measures farmers could implement to cope with climatic changes especially in the agriculture sector. The rationale of this project arises from the growing dangers stated above that necessitates a thorough understanding of the magnitude of the problem in the agriculture sector which is the backbone of the Tanzanian economy.
Sustained production of food is important for the wellbeing of people and the country at large. This can be attained by techniques such as rain water harvesting with intensification of crop production or animal keeping; the use of improved crop varieties which are drought resistant or early maturing and also dissemination of knowledge to famers on proper methods of cultivation.

There is no development without water. It is in these terms that the future of water in Africa should be clearly understood. Water is needed for the prosperity of current and future generation, both in terms of quality and quantity.
It’s a duty of governments and international organizations to make sure that there is a right to water for each African.
The author of this paper recommends that its proposed framework be used as a basis for further dialogue and discussion amongst all key stakeholders, in Africa and abroad.

Bacterial wilt disease is a very serious problem to Tomato growers of Morogoro region. The objective of this study was to identify the status and pathogenicity of Ralstonia solanacearum causing Tomato bacterial wilt disease in Morogoro region. Most of the farmers 71.7% had a farm of less than 1 ha. Majority of the farmers 32% were growing both hybrid and OPV while the reasons for variety preference differed across the villages. Most of respondents 79% were knowledgeable with the disease and considered uprooting affected plants as the only major control measure on the disease. Most of the farmers 35.5% neither burn nor bury the remains of uprooted infected plants and the remained 32.6% bury while 31.9% burn the crop remains. The results showed the highest disease incidence and severity were 42.32% and 3.1 recorded in Kiberengeni and the lowest were 13.76% and 1.75 Nyandira respectively. Majority of the farmers are using seedbed and furrow irrigation system contrary to seedling trays and drip irrigation system. Assila F1 recorded the lowest disease scores, then Rio safari variety while Cal J recorded the highest. Root drenching+wounding inoculation technique recorded significantly highest disease scores and was fatal compared to the other inoculation techniques. Most of Tomato growing farmers84.8% don’t manage the disease properly in Morogoro. Equipping farmers with knowledge of good agronomic practices will enhance proper management techniques of the disease. The use of certified and disease free seeds, resistant or tolerant varieties, good agronomic practices can help in proper management of the disease across Morogoro region. The bacterial inoculum isolated from Morogoro was confirmed as R. solanacearum using biochemical tests, Serological test and pathogenicity test. From above such results it was observed that Assila F1 tomato variety was significantly resistant compared to Rio safari and the susceptible Cal J. The use of Asilla F1, followed by Rio safari variety with proper agronomic methods can help farmers to minimize the disease new infections and ultimately spread.