Drakula
Grof Drakula | |
---|---|
Osnovne informacije | |
Druga imena | Drakula Grof de Vil[1] g. de Vil[2] |
Nadimak | Zlo oko[3] Šejtan Pakao Veštac Vukodlak Vampir[4] D.[5] Nosferatu Drak |
Titula | Transilvanijski plemić[6] Vojvoda[7] Solomonari[8] Vampirski kralj[9] |
Podaci o liku | |
Vrsta | Vampir Nemrtav čovek Dampir Vukodlak[10][11] |
Drakula je izmišljeni lik, verovatno najpoznatiji vampir u literaturi i na filmu. Stvorio ga je irski pisac Brem Stoker 1897. godine napisavši horor roman Drakula. Smatra se da je on prototip i arhetipski vampir u kasnijim delima beletristike. Veruje se da su neki aspekti lika inspirisani vlaškim princom Vladom Cepešom iz 15. veka, koji je takođe bio poznat kao Drakula, i ser Henrijem Irvingom, glumcem kome je Stoker bio lični asistent.[12]
Istorijski lik Drakula, Vlad Drakula III, živio je u 15. veku u Vlaškoj.[13] Na jednom sastanku sa mađarskim orijentalistom Vamberijem, Stoker se zainteresovao za priče i legende o Vladu Drakuli kog je posle toga i uzeo kao uzor za lik u romanu Drakula. Navedenog Vamberija spominje čak i lik romana Van Helsing.
Stokerova kreacija
[uredi | uredi izvor]Roman Brema Stokera poprima formu epistolarne priče, u kojoj o karakteristikama, moćima, sposobnostima i slabostima grofa Drakule pripoveda više naratora, iz različitih perspektiva.[14]
Grof Drakula je nemrtav, vekovima star vampir i transilvanski plemić koji tvrdi da je Sekelj koji potiče od Atile Hunskog.[15] On naseljava oronuli zamak u Karpatskim planinama u blizini prevoja Borgo. Za razliku od vampira istočnoevropskog folklora, koji su prikazani kao odbojna, mrtvačka stvorenja, Drakula je zgodan i harizmatičan, sa furnirom aristokratskog šarma. U razgovorima sa Džonatanom Harkerom, on se otkriva kao duboko ponosan na svoje boljarsko nasleđe i nostalgičan za prošlošću, za koju priznaje da je postala samo sećanje na herojstvo, čast i hrabrost u modernim vremenima.
Adaptacije
[uredi | uredi izvor]Filmovi
[uredi | uredi izvor]Film | Originalni naziv | Godina | Glumac | Režiser |
---|---|---|---|---|
Drakula | Dracula | 1931 | Bela Lugosi | Tod Brauning |
Drakula (španski film) | Drácula | 1931 | Karlos Vilarijas | Džordž Melford |
Drakulina ćerka | Dracula's Daughter | 1936 | spomenut | Lambert Hilijer |
Drakulin sin | Son of Dracula | 1943 | Lon Čejni ml. | Robert Siodmak |
Drakulina kuća | House of Dracula | 1945 | Džon Karadin | Erl Kiton |
Bud Abbott Lou Costello Meet Frankenstein | 1948 | Bela Lugosi | Čarls Barton,Valter Lanc | |
Drakulin horor | Horror of Dracula | 1958 | Kristofer Li | Terens Fišer |
Drakuline neveste | The Brides of Dracula | 1960 | spomenut | Terens Fišer |
Drakula: Princ tame | Dracula: Prince of Darkness | 1966 | Kristofer Li | Terens Fišer |
Dečak Bili protiv Drakule | Billy the Kid Versus Dracula | 1966 | Džon Karadin | Vilijam Bodin |
Drakula je ustao iz groba | Dracula Has Risen from the Grave | 1968 | Kristofer Li | Fredi Francis |
Okusi Drakulinu krv | Taste the Blood of Dracula | 1969 | Kristofer Li | Piter Sasdi |
Drakulini ožiljci | Scars of Dracula | 1970 | Kristofer Li | Roj Vard Bejker |
Grof Drakula | Count Dracula | 1970 | Kristofer Li | Hesus Franko |
Drakulino jezero | Lake of Dracula | 1971 | Michio Yamamot | |
Drakula u 1972. | Dracula A.D. 1972 | 1972 | Kristofer Li | Alan Gibson |
Drakulina saga | La saga de los Drácula | 1972 | Narsiso Ibanjez Menta | Leon Klimovski |
Drakula protiv Frankenštajna | Drácula contra Frankenstein | 1972 | Hauard Vernon | Hesus Franko |
Blakula | Blacula | 1972 | Vilijam Maršal | Vilijam Krejn |
Blakula 2 | Blacula 2 | 1973 | Vilijam Maršal | Bob Kelijan |
Drakulini satanistički rituali | The Satanic Rites of Dracula | 1973 | Kristofer Li | Alan Gibson |
La saga de los Drácula | 1973 | Leon Klimovski | Narciso Ibáñez Menta | |
Velika ljubav grofa Drakule | Count Dracula's Great Love | 1973 | Pol Naši | Havijer Agire |
Legenda o 7 zlatnih vampira | The Legend of the 7 Golden Vampires | 1974 | Džon Forbs-Robertson | Roj Vord Bejker, Čang Čeh |
Drakulina krv | Blood for Dracula | 1974 | Udo Kir | Pol Morisej |
Evil of Dracula | 1974 | Michio Yamamoto | ||
Bram Stokerov Drakula | Bram Stoker's Dracula | 1974 | Džek Palans | Den Kertis |
Stari Drakula | Old Dracula | 1974 | Dejvid Niven | Kliv Doner |
Dracula père et fils | 1976 | Kristofer Li | Eduard Molinaro | |
Grof Drakula | Count Dracula | 1977 | Luj Žurdan | Filip Savil |
Nosferatu: Fantom noći | Nosferatu the Vampyre | 1979 | Klaus Kinski | Verner Hercog |
Drakula | Dracula | 1979 | Frenk Langela | Džon Badam |
Fracchia contro Dracula | 1985 | Edmund Purdom | Neri Parenti | |
Odred protiv čudovišta | The Monster Squad | 1986 | Dankan Reger | Fred Deker |
Drakula (film iz 1992) | Bram Stoker's Dracula | 1992 | Gari Oldman | Fransis Ford Kopola |
Drakula: Mrtav i voljen | Dracula: Dead and Loving It | 1995 | Lesli Nilsen | Mel Bruks |
Princ Drakula: Istinita priča o Drakuli | Dark Prince: The True Story of Dracula | 2000 | Rudolf Martin | Džo Šapel |
Drakula 2000 | Dracula 2000 | 2000 | Džerard Batler | Patrik Lusje |
Drakula | Dracula | 2002 | Patrik Bergin | Rodžer Jang |
Vlad | Vlad | 2003 | Frančesko Kvin | Majkl D.Selers,Majkl Selers |
Drakula 2: Uzdizanje | Dracula II: Ascension | 2003 | Stiven Bilington | Patrik Lusje |
Drakula 3000 | Dracula 3000 | 2004 | Langli Kirkvud | Darel Rudt |
Van Helsing | Van Helsing | 2004 | Ričard Roksburg | Stiven Samers |
Blejd: Trojstvo | Blade: Trinity | 2004 | Dominik Purcel | Dejvid S.Gojer |
Drakula 3: Nasleđe | Dracula III: Legacy | 2005 | Rutger Hauer | Patrik Lusje |
Drakula | Dracula | 2006 | Mark Voren | Bil Igls |
Drakula: Ponovo rođen | Dracula: Reborn | 2012 | Stjuart Rigbi | Matrik Makmanus |
Drakula 3D | Dracula 3D | 2012 | Tomas Krečman | Dario Arđento |
Drakula: Mračni princ | Dracula: The Dark Prince | 2013 | Luk Roberts | Piri Redžinald Teo |
Drakula: Neispričano | Dracula Untold | 2014 | Luk Evans | Gari Šor |
Drakula | Dracula | 2020 | Klas Bang | Džoni Kembel, Dejmon Tomas, Pol Makgian |
Renfild | Renfield | 2023 | Nikolas Kejdž | Kris MekKej |
The Last Voyage of Demeter | 2023 | Havier Botet | André Øvredal | |
Nosferatu | Nosferatu: A Symphony of Horror' | 2024 | Dog Džons | Dejvid Li Fišer |
Nosferatu | Nosferatu | 2024 | Bil Skarsgard | Robert Egers |
Drakula:Ljubavna priča | Dracula: A Love Tale | 2025 | Kejleb Landri Džons | Luk Beson |
Tv serije
[uredi | uredi izvor]Serija | Originalni naziv | Godina | Glumac | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Drakula | Dracula: The Series | 1990-1991 | Geordie Johnson | |
Mladi Drakula | Young Dracula | 2006-2014 | Keit Li Kestl | |
Drakula | Dracula | 2013-2014 | Džonatan Mejers | |
Drakula | Dracula | 2020 | Klas Bang | Džoni Kembel, Dejmon Tomas, Pol Makgian |
Animirani filmovi
[uredi | uredi izvor]Film | Godina | Režiser |
---|---|---|
Dracula: Sovereign of the Damned | 1980 | Minoru Okazaki,Akihori Nagaoka |
Scooby-Doo and the Ghoul School | 1988 | Rej Paterson |
Scooby-Doo! and the Reluctant Werewolf | 1988 | Rej Paterson |
The Batman vs. Dracula | 2005 | Sem Liu, Seung Eun Kim,Brendon Vietti |
Hotel Transylvania | 2012 | Gendi Tartakovski |
Dear Dracula | 2012 | Chad Van De Keere |
Hotel Transylvania 2 | 2015 | Gendi Tartakovski |
Happy Family | 2017 | Holger Tappe |
Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation | 2018 | Gendi Tartakovski |
Hotel Transylvania: Transformania | 2022 | Derek Drymon, Jennifer Kluska |
Opis lika
[uredi | uredi izvor]Ovaj književni lik opisan je kao bled, dugih očnjaka, šiljatih ušiju, ogrnut crnim plaštom, pije svežu krv, transformiše se u druge životinje, podmlađuje se, čini ljude vampirom. Kao i svaki vampir, Drakula se boji belog luka, krsta, svetlosti, a može umreti ukoliko se probode glogovim kolcem kroz srce.[16]
Reference
[uredi | uredi izvor]- ^ Stoker, Bram. Drracula (PDF). Chapter 20, Johnathon Harker's Journal, LETTER, MITCHELL, SONS & CANDY TO LORD GODALMING, October 1st. str. 391. „The purchaser is a foreign nobleman, Count de Ville”
- ^ Stoker, Bram. Dracula (PDF). Chapter 6, Johnathon Harker's Journal. str. 500. „He had received a letter from Mr. de Ville of London”
- ^ Stoker, Bram. Dracula (PDF). str. 10, 14, 499, 517.
- ^ Stoker, Bram. Dracula (PDF). Chapter 2, Johnathon Harker's Journal. str. 9. „‘Ordog’—Satan, ‘Pokol’—hell, ‘stregoica’—witch, ‘vrolok’ and ‘vlkoslak’—both mean the same thing, one being Slovak and the other Servian for something that is either werewolf or vampire.”
- ^ Stoker, Bram. Dracula (PDF). Ch 23, Dr Seward's Diary. str. 436. „‘Look out for D. He has just now, 12:45, come from Carfax hurriedly and hastened towards the South.”
- ^ Stoker, Bram. Dracula (PDF). Chapter 2, Johnathon Harker's Journal. str. 35. „We Transylvanian nobles love not to think that our bones may lie amongst the common dead.”
- ^ Stoker, Bram. Dracula (PDF). str. 43, 344.
- ^ Stoker, Bram. Dracula (PDF). Chapter 18, Dr. Seward's Diary. str. 344.
- ^ Stoker, Bram. Dracula (PDF). Ch 27, DR. VAN HELSING’S MEMORANDUM, 5 November. str. 531. „DRACULA This then was the Undead home of the King Vampire, to whom so many more were due.”
- ^ Stoker, Bram. Dracula (PDF). str. 9, 42.
- ^ Stoker, Bram. Dracula's Guest (PDF). str. 11. „"A wolf--and yet not a wolf!" another put in shudderingly. "No use trying for him without the sacred bullet."”
- ^ Warren, Louis S. (2002). „Buffalo Bill Meets Dracula: William F. Cody, Bram Stoker, and the Frontiers of Racial Decay”. The American Historical Review. Washington DC: American Historical Association. 107 (4): 1124—57. ISSN 0002-8762. doi:10.1086/ahr/107.4.1124 — preko Oxford Journals Online.
- ^ „Koga god Drakula pozove na gozbu, taj neće dobro proći”. Alo. Pristupljeno 27. 1. 2020.
- ^ Senf, Carol N. (jesen 1979). „Dracula: The Unseen Face in the Mirror”. Journal of Narrative Technique. Ypsilanti, Michigan: Eastern Michigan University. 9 (3): 160—70.
- ^ The Cambridge Companion to 'Dracula'. Cambridge University Press. 2018. str. 101. ISBN 9781107153172.
- ^ „Moje ime je Drakula, a vi ste?”. Wannabemagazine. Pristupljeno 27. 1. 2020.
Literatura
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Clive Leatherdale (1985). Dracula: the Novel and the Legend.. Desert Island Books.
- Bram Stoker (1897). Dracula.. Norton Critical Edition (1997) edited by Nina Auerbach and David J. Skal.
- Senf, Carol (1998). Dracula: Between Tradition and Modernism. Twayne..
- Senf, Carol A (2010). Bram Stoker. University of Wales Press..
- Alley, Timothy Dodd (2011). „Introduction - Vampire Bytes and Digital Draculas”. Dracula in Visual Media. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-3365-0.
- Bennett, J. (2009). „Total Eclipse: Metal, Mayhem & Murder”. Ur.: Mudrian, Albert. Precious Metal. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-81806-6.
- Blair, Harry N. (24. 2. 1930). „Short Shots from New York Studios.”. The Film Daily.
- Browning, John Edgar; Picart, Caroline Joan (Kay) (2011). Dracula in Visual Media. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-3365-0.
- Burrell, James (novembar 2015). „Cryptic Collectibles”. Rue Morgue. Marrs Media. ISSN 1481-1103.
- Frye, Mitch (2011). „Introduction - The Darker Cape: Dracula, Vampires, and Superheroes in Comics”. Dracula in Visual Media. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-3365-0.
- Hanke, Ken (2014). A Critical Guide to Horror Film Series. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-72642-9.
- Marks, Laura Helen (2011). „Introduction- I Want to Suck Your... : Dracula in Pornographic Film”. Dracula in Visual Media. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-3365-0.
- Marriott, James; Newman, Kim (2018). The Definitive Guide to Horror Movies. London: Carlton Books. ISBN 978-1-78739-139-0.
- Muir, John Kenneth (2012). Horror Films of the 1970s. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-9156-8.
- Petridis, Alexis (14. 6. 2011). „Bauhaus Invent Goth”. The Guardian. Pristupljeno 11. 1. 2021.
- Rhodes, Gary D. (2014). Tod Browning's Dracula. Tomahawk Press. ISBN 978-0-9566834-5-8.
- Scivally, Bruce (2015). Dracula FAQ (Kindle izd.). Backbeat Books. ISBN 9781617136009.
- Skal, David J. (2011). „Introduction - Dracula: Undead and Unseen”. Dracula in Visual Media. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-3365-0.
- Taylor, Markland (8. 10. 2002). „Dracula: A Chamber Musical”. Variety. Pristupljeno 12. 1. 2022.
- Weaver, Tom; Brunas, Michael; Brunas, John (2007). Universal Horrors (2 izd.). McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-2974-5.
Spoljašnje veze
[uredi | uredi izvor]- The Politics of Dracula
- Dracula - HTML version of this classic book
- Elizabeth Miller's Dracula Page - details on her Dracula theories
- Dracula's Gallery - Images from the various film and stage adaptations of Bram Stoker's novel
- Pilot guides: The real Count Dracula
- Vlad Dracul (1390? - 1447)
- The Straight Dope: Did Dracula really exist?
- PM magazin