Civil Engineerig

Health aspects enforced to ponder a study on asphalt which incorporate rubber crumbs to increase strength and
flexibility of asphalt. Disposal of waste tires is a menace and it’s a serious problem globally because it is not
easily biodegradable as these tires consume large spaces, open burning cause serious problems. By the use of
rubber tires, this scrap is utilized efficiently and reduces the cost of asphalt to produce economical system. The
asphalt is absorbed by the rubber particles which swells at high temperature allowing greater concentration of
liquid asphalt. The partial replacement of crumb rubber in asphalt is 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (D05, D10, D15, and
D20). The analysis of incorporated asphalt was done in hot mix asphalt. The generated results showed that the
value for resilient modulus and creep stiffness is more as compared to the conventional asphalt and in the
accumulated strain the values are much lesser which is positive approach.

Concrete is one of the important icon of construction industry. The use of concrete in construction industry intensified due to rapid development and research. After water, concrete is the second most frequently used material worldwide. The assimilation of waste material in concrete is very common from the last few decades, because of their technical tendency regarding environmental pollution and reduction of cost as well. During the production of cement, a large amount of carbon dioxide (greenhouse gas) releases which effects the environment badly. This work is carried out by using Rice Husk Ash (RHA) in concrete as a partial replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). RHA is a byproduct of farming scum. RHA contains a bulky amount of silicon dioxide. The pozzolanic reactivity of RHA boost to use it as a cementious material in concrete. OPC was replaced with RHA at 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%. Addition of RHA in concrete is a sustainable approach, it reduces the pollution and provides strength and reduces the cost as well. Tests were performed on fresh as well as hardened concrete after 7, 14 and 28 days of curing in water, Hydrochloric acid and in sulfuric acid. The value of compressive strength of incorporated sample is more as compared to controlled sample. Results indicates that the addition of RHA improves the properties of concrete which includes packing density. It increases the strength and durability of concrete in term of sulphate and chloride resistance.

Health aspects enforced to ponder a study on asphalt which incorporate rubber crumbs to increase strength and flexibility of asphalt. Disposal of waste tires is a menace and it's a serious problem globally because it is not easily biodegradable as these tires consume large spaces, open burning cause serious problems. By the use of rubber tires, this scrap is utilized efficiently and reduces the cost of asphalt to produce economical system. The asphalt is absorbed by the rubber particles which swells at high temperature allowing greater concentration of liquid asphalt. The partial replacement of crumb rubber in asphalt is 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (D 05 , D 10 , D 15 , and D20). The analysis of incorporated asphalt was done in hot mix asphalt. The generated results showed that the value for resilient modulus and creep stiffness is more as compared to the conventional asphalt and in the accumulated strain the values are much lesser which is positive approach.

Offshore wind is becoming more attractive day by day due to several reasons, and some of them are scalability in the sense that large power plants can be constructed, higher wind speeds in offshore locations due to lack of obstructions, larger continuous areas and ease of construction. Foundations are one of the critical parts of Offshore Wind Turbine (OWT) systems not only in terms of stability but also from the point of view of costs. Monopile foundations are the most common type of foundation used for OWTs in shallow waters (< 30m). Monopile foundation of OWTs are subjected to a combination of vertical and lateral loads, including the weight of the OWT, waves, winds and machine-generated loads. To predict the response of monopile foundations under lateral loading, it is essential to understand the behaviour of such systems under long term environmental loads such as wind and waves. In this study, a simplified method is developed to predict the lateral load and moment-resisting capacity of a monopile in layered soils. The proposed method was validated through standard (p-y method) and advanced methods (three-dimensional Finite Element method). A case study of a monopile foundation located in London Array was used in the analysis. The study highlighted that results obtained from the proposed method were in good agreement with those calculated by standard and advanced methods. It also shown that the simplified method could be a useful tool for the preliminary design of monopile foundations under lateral loading.

Offshore wind turbines are a complex, dynamically sensitive structure due to their irregular mass and stiffness distribution, and complexity of the loading conditions they need to withstand. There are other challenges in particular locations such as typhoons, hurricanes, earthquakes, sea-bed currents, and tsunami. Because offshore wind turbines have stringent Serviceability Limit State (SLS) requirements and need to be installed in variable and often complex ground conditions, their foundation design is challenging. Foundation design must be robust due to the enormous cost of retrofitting in a challenging environment should any problem occur during the design lifetime. Traditionally, engineers use conventional types of foundation systems, such as shallow gravity-based foundations (GBF), suction caissons, or slender piles or monopiles, based on prior experience with designing such foundations for the oil and gas industry. For offshore wind turbines, however, new types of foundations ...

Health aspects enforced to ponder a study on asphalt which incorporate rubber crumbs to increase strength and flexibility of asphalt. Disposal of waste tires is a menace and it’s a serious problem globally because it is not easily biodegradable as these tires consume large spaces, open burning cause serious problems. By the use of rubber tires, this scrap is utilized efficiently and reduces the cost of asphalt to produce economical system. The asphalt is absorbed by the rubber particles which swells at high temperature allowing greater concentration of liquid asphalt. The partial replacement of crumb rubber in asphalt is 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (D05, D10, D15, and D20). The analysis of incorporated asphalt was done in hot mix asphalt. The generated results showed that the value for resilient modulus and creep stiffness is more as compared to the conventional asphalt and in the accumulated strain the values are much lesser which is positive approach.