Coat of arms of the Isle of Man
| The Arms of Her Majesty in right of the Isle of Man | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Details | |
| Armiger | King Charles III, Lord of Mann |
| Adopted | 1996 |
| Crest | Ensigning the Shield of Arms an imperial crown proper |
| Escutcheon | Gules a triskele argent garnished and spurred Or |
| Supporters | Dexter a peregrine falcon and sinister a raven both proper |
| Motto | Quocunque jeceris stabit |
The coat of arms of the Isle of Man, or The Arms of Her Majesty in right of the Isle of Man (the formal name as the Isle of Man is a Crown dependency[1]). The arms were adopted on 12 July 1996.
History
[change | change source]The Arms of Her Majesty in right of the Isle of Man were granted by Queen Elizabeth II, Lord of Mann on 12 July 1996. They are a form of the traditional arms.[1] It has a threefold rotational symmetry.
The traditional arms date back to the 13th century. The arms are recorded in the English Walford's Roll,[2] and Camden Roll,[3] as well as the French Wijbergen Roll.[2] In the Camden Roll the arms are shown as: gules, three mailed legs embowed, and conjoined at the thighs, argent; the original Norman French blazon reads: "l'escu de gules, a treis iambes armes".[3] or Red, 3 bent legs in armour, joined at the top of the thighs, silver.
Symbolism
[change | change source]Escutcheon
[change | change source]
The escutcheon is emblazoned: Gules a triskele argent garnished and spurred Or. The triskele (or triskelion) is an ancient symbol, consisting of three branches or legs, that radiate from a centre. The symbol is found on the Isle of Man, and earlier on Sicily.[4] The Manx triskelion is known in the Manx language as tre cassyn "the three legs". The symbol has been associated with the island since at least the 13th century.[1]
It is unknown how the tre cassyn were originally adopted,[1] and several theories have been put forward. In 1607, English historian William Camden stated that the tre cassyn were derived from the Sicilian triskelion. In 1885 John Newton considered the tre cassyn to have originated in the mid 13th century, when the Pope offered the throne of Sicily to Edmund, son of King Henry III of England. Newton noted that the wife of King Alexander III of Scotland was Henry's daughter, and that Alexander visited the English court in 1255. Later in 1266, Norway ceded the Isle of Man to the Kingdom of Scotland, and Newton considered it likely that Alexander utilised the triskelion for the arms of his new possession.[5][6] It has also been suggested that the tre cassyn can be traced to the triquetra in a coin of Amlaíb Cuarán, a 10th-century Norse-Gael warlord who was king of Northumbria and king of Dublin. Lending credibility to this theory is the current belief that the mediaeval Manx dynasty was related to that of Amlaíb Cuarán. However, the gap between the 10th century and late 13th century, when the tre cassyn is first recorded, is wide indeed, and it has been noted that several kings from this period are known to have had a galley as their emblem, and not the tre cassyn.[7]
Early examples of the symbol are present in the Royal Arms ascribed to the King of Mann in several late 13th century armorials. The tre cassyn also appears on the Manx Sword of State,[7] which is popularly said to date to the time of King Amlaíb mac Gofraid (d. 1237), although recent analysis has shown it more likely dates to about the 15th century.[5][8] Another example can be seen on a 14th-century stone cross in the churchyard of Maughold. Another is example is a late 14th century seal of Sir William le Scrope, Lord of Mann, in which the tre cassyn are depicted in plate armour, rather than mail.[7] Early representations of the tre cassyn show the legs running clockwise, and later representations show the legs running in both directions.[5]
Supporters
[change | change source]The peregrine falcon is derived from the time of King John I of Mann. In 1405, he was granted the Isle of Man, on condition he paid homage to King Henry IV of England, and gave two peregrine falcons to him and every future English king on their Coronation Day. The descendants of John I ruled the Isle of Man until King George III of Great Britain as the Lords of Mann. The presentation of falcons continued on, until the coronation of King George IV, in 1822.
In keeping with the Viking history of the island, the raven featured in Norse mythology. The chief god Odin was accompanied by the two ravens Huginn and Muninn.[1]
Motto
[change | change source]The motto is quocunque jeceris stabit, which is Latin and means: "whichever way you shall have thrown [it], it shall stand".[7] The motto dates to the 17th century, where it is first recorded as being present on Manx coinage dating to the year 1668.[7] It is possible that the motto became associated to the tre cassyn through these coins.[5]
Related pages
[change | change source]References
[change | change source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Island Facts, Isle of Man Public Services (www.gov.im), archived from the original on 10 May 2007, retrieved 27 July 2010
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 McAndrew, Bruce A. (2006). Scotland's Historic Heraldry (Illustrated ed.). Boydell Press. p. 65. ISBN 9781843832614.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Greenstreet, James (1882). "The Original Camden Roll of Arms". Journal of the British Archaeological Association. 38. British Archaeological Association: 312.
- ↑ Triskelion, Dictionary.com, retrieved 1 August 2010
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 The Three Legs of Man, (www.isle-of-man.com), archived from the original on 11 June 2011, retrieved 1 August 2010 This webpage cited Wagner, A.R. (1959–60), "The Origin of the Arms of Man", Manx Museum, 6 This webpage also cited Megaw, B.R.S. (1959–60), "The Ship Seals of the Kings of Man", Manx Museum, 6
- ↑ The Armorial Bearings of the Isle of Man: Their origin, history, and Meaning, (www.isle-of-man.com), retrieved 1 August 2010[permanent dead link] This webpage cited Newton, John (1885), "The Manx Sword of State", Proceedings of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool, 39, Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Kinvig, R.H. (1975), The Isle of Man: A social, cultural and political history, Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle, pp. 91–92, ISBN 0-8048-1165-2
- ↑ Sword of State, (www.isle-of-man.com), archived from the original on 15 May 2011, retrieved 31 July 2010 This webpage cited Blair, Claude (2003), "The Manx Sword of State", Proceedings of the Isle of Man Natural History and Antiquarian Society, 11 (2), Isle of Man Natural History and Antiquarian Society