Antinatalism
Antinatalism, or anti-natalism, is a philosophical stance and social movement that gives a negative value to starting life. Antinatalists argue that humans (and sometimes other sentient beings) should stop making kids because it is morally bad. People who believe that making kids is morally good are called natalists. The term antinatalism was likely used for the first time by Belgian author Théophile de Giraud in his book L'art de guillotiner les procréateurs: Manifeste anti-nataliste. South African philosopher David Benatar has also published books in support of antinatalism.[1]
Arguments
[change | change source]Negative utilitarianism is the idea that stopping pain is more important than making people happy.[2] This makes it different from utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is the idea that people should do the most useful thing. The most useful thing in utilitarianism is making people happy. People who believe in negative utilitarianism idea say that making happiness is not needed. Since life has bad things, it is not worth starting.[3][4] Some supporters of this idea argue that the worst pains in life do not make up for the best moments. This makes life not worth starting because it is too risky.
Realism can support antinatalism. This is because supporters of the idea have evidence showing that most people have an optimism bias. This means that they see the world as better than it actually is.[5][6]
Religion can support antinatalism. This is because some religious sects (groups) believe creating life traps souls in a bad world. The Manichaeans,[7] the Bogomils,[8] and the Cathars[9] are some of these groups that believe in the idea. Others include the Marcionites,[10] and the Encratites.
Criticism
[change | change source]Natalists say that making kids is good because most people are happy.[11][source?]
Related pages
[change | change source]References
[change | change source]- ↑ Tuhus-Dubrow, Rebecca (14 November 2019). "I wish I'd never been born: the rise of the anti-natalists". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
- ↑ NARVESON, JAN (1967). "V.—UTILITARIANISM AND NEW GENERATIONS". Mind. LXXVI (301): 62–72. doi:10.1093/mind/lxxvi.301.62. ISSN 0026-4423.
- ↑ Vetter, Hermann (January 1969). "IV. The production of children as a problem of utilitarian ethics". Inquiry. 12 (1–4): 445–447. doi:10.1080/00201746908601575. ISSN 0020-174X.
- ↑ VETTER, HERMANN (1971). "Utilitarianism and New Generations". Mind. LXXX (318): 301–302. doi:10.1093/mind/lxxx.318.301. ISSN 0026-4423.
- ↑ "Optimistic bias: What you think, what you know, or whom you know?". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2021-01-22.
- ↑ Weinstein, Neil D. (1980). "Unrealistic optimism about future life events". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 39 (5): 806–820. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.535.9244. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.39.5.806. S2CID 14051760.
- ↑ "Supplementum Epigraphicum GraecumAntiochia (Yalovadj; in sarcophago). Op. cit. 228, n. 57". Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum. doi:10.1163/1874-6772_seg_a6_573. Retrieved 2021-01-27.
- ↑ Curta, Florin. Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 497–498. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511815638.013. ISBN 978-0-511-81563-8.
- ↑ THOMPSON, J; THOMPSON, H (September 1983). "Ethical issues in sexualityand reproduction by Margot Joan Fromer. St. Louis: C. V. Mosby Co., 1983. Xv + 375 pages. $13.95, softcover". Journal of Nurse-Midwifery. 28 (5): 42–43. doi:10.1016/0091-2182(83)90157-x. ISSN 0091-2182.
- ↑ Grant, Robert M. (January 1960). "The Gnostic Religion: The Message of the Alien God and the Beginnings of Christianity. Hans Jonas". The Journal of Religion. 40 (1): 58. doi:10.1086/485227. ISSN 0022-4189.
- ↑ "Home". worldhappiness.report. Retrieved 2021-01-22.
