Shivesh Sharma

Is it possible to characterize the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection by analyzing the viral hijacking of cellular metabolism for its reproduction and multiplication? Gibbs free energy appears to be the critical factor of successful virus infection. A virus always has a more negative Gibbs free energy of growth than its host. Hence, the synthesis of viral components is thermodynamically favourable. On the other side, it could be essential to better thermodynamically understand how S1 and S2 spike protein interacts with the ACE2 receptors and the cell membrane more efficiently than the usual nutrients, which are intercepted. Gibbs energy gives a static model, which does not include the time arrow of viral evolution. A better comprehension of this evolutional path could require an accurate analysis of entropy generation or exergy disruption of binding, replication, and multiplication.

This paper is a preliminary step in the direction of the definition of a radically new wing concept that has been conceived to maximize the lift even at low speeds. It is expected to equip new aerial vehicle concepts that aim to compete against helicopters and tilt rotors. They aim achieving very good performance at very low speed (5 to 30 m/s) by mean of an innovative concept of morphing ducted-fan propelled wing that has been designed to maximize the lift force. This paper presents an effective bibliographic analysis of the problem that is a preliminary necessary step in the direction of the preliminary design of the wing. A preliminary CFD evaluation allows demonstrating that the claimed results are in line with the initial expectations. According to the CFD, results it has been produced a preliminary energetic evaluation of the vehicle in a flying car configuration by EMIPS method. Even if the results are still preliminary, they allow evidencing a good energy efficiency of the vehicle against helicopters.