The effect of IBA and IAA concentrations were examined to determine the Survival percentage of Te... more The effect of IBA and IAA concentrations were examined to determine the Survival percentage of Terminalia chebula (Retz.) by vegetative propagation via rooting in stem cuttings. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. One-year old leafless branch cuttings were taken from selected superior phenotypes from the surrounding environs of Allahabad, UP. Cuttings were treated with-1 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg L concentrations of Indole 3-Butyric Acid (IBA) and Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) and planted in poly bags kept under a phyto-environmentally controlled mist chamber. Minimum survival percentage and A limited rooting was achieved in untreated cuttings (control) while survival percentage and rooting of treated cuttings significantly increased with an increase in concentration of IBA and IAA. Among two auxins tested, IBA emerged most effective on survival percentage and in inducing rooting, sprouting and associated traits.-1 Amongst different concentrations of auxins, concentration 2000 mg L was found best and 51.96% of plants were survived and achieved over 70% rooting in cuttings. It also triggered more number of roots, higher root length, shoot proliferation, maximum shoot and root biomass. This paper discusses the role of auxins (IBA and IAA) to evaluate the survival percentage of stem cuttings influencing rooting and has a practical implication for the development of protocol for asexual propagation and establishing clonal plantations of Terminalia chebula.
The study was conducted over a period of 5 months from March to July, 2017, to study the effect o... more The study was conducted over a period of 5 months from March to July, 2017, to study the effect of varied pre-sowing treatments on seed germination of Tectona grandis (Teak) in the nursery area of College of Forestry, SHUATS, Allahabad. Seeds were subjected to 14 treatments including control i.e. T0 (Control), T₁ (Soaked in normal water for 3 days), T₂ (Sunlight for 3 days), T₃ (Alternate wet 12hrs and drying 12hrs for 10 days), T₄ (Soaked in cow urine for 6 days), T₅ (Soaked in Cow dung slurry for 7 days), T₆ (Hammer treatment), T₇ (Sand paper), T₈ (Boiling 2 min), T₉ (Boiling 5 min), T₁₀ (Conc. H₂SO₄ 15 min), T₁₁ (Conc. H₂SO₄ 20 min), T₁₂ (HNO₃ 15 min), and T₁₃ (HNO₃ 20 min). Findings of the data revealed that pre-treatment of seed before sowing enhanced seed germination and seedling growth. The highest germination percentage (43.3%) was observed in T₃ (Alternate wet and drying) followed by T₅ (Cow dung slurry 40%) and T₁₁ (H₂SO₄ 20 min 33.3%). The lowest germination (13.3%) was recorded in T₂, T₄ and T₁₂ (sunlight, cow urine and HNO₃ 15 min) respectively. Seedling height, root length, collar diameter and number of leaves have resulted different performance trend and found as T₃, T₅, T₆, T₁₀ and T₁₁ respectively and as for fresh and dry shoot weight, fresh and dry root weight trend of higher value was observed in T₃ and T₅ respectively and the lowest in T₀. Observation for seedling quality parameter, it show difference in higher trend of value i.e. T₈ and T₉ for root shoot ratio-I, T₈ and T₁₂ for root shoot ratio-II while for Sturdiness quotient, highest value was observed in T₄ (cow urine).Therefore, the effect of pre-sowing treatment T₃ (alternate wet and drying) and T₅ (cow dung slurry) was more effective in germination and production of quality seedling of Tectona grandis (Teak) in the nursery.
Estimation of phenotypic and genotypic correlation between various traits
provides necessary info... more Estimation of phenotypic and genotypic correlation between various traits provides necessary information in breeding program, when selection is based on two or more characters. The intensity and trend of association among characters may be estimated by genetic coefficients of correlations and genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of correlation depending on the type of materials studied. The knowledge of genetic inter-relationship between characters is also of theoretical and practical interest because a genotypic correlation may drive genetic linkage or from developmental induced relationships between components that are only indirectly the consequences of gene action. Terminalia arjuna is a medium to large sized fast growing versatile tree popularly known as Arjun. It has immense economic potential in various industries viz., pharmaceutical, timber, paper, soap, tannin, dye, match, food, fodder and fuel. Thirty candidate plus trees (CPTs) of T. arjuna were selected as seed source from 30 different provinces of Uttar Pradesh for the study of correlation study of morphological & biomass traits. After 12 months of growth under nursery condition, data were collected and analyze for association studies. Present study concludes that magnitudes of phenotypic correlation coefficients were lower compare to corresponding genotypic values. A strong positive and highly significant phenotypic correlation with collar diameter, bark content, fresh shoot weight, dry shoot weight, fresh root weight, dry root weight and total biomass of seedling were exhibited. Therefore, these characters may be given proper emphasis during selection and breeding program of Arjun tree species where the amount of leaf, bark and biomass production is of immense importance.
Seed Size Correlates with Germination Traits in Terminalia arjuna Genotypes, 2017
Seed size emerged as a governing characteristic for germination parameters and
seedling establish... more Seed size emerged as a governing characteristic for germination parameters and seedling establishment owing to best evolutionary traits of plant which impart major contribution in genetic diversity. Large size increased germination rate and seedling survival, accelerated germination timing, and enhanced seedling growth. Present experiment is carried out to assess the seed size correlates with germination characteristics in Terminalia arjuna. The findings suggest that the seedling vigour is a fixed positive function of seed size needs to be reconsidered. Germination of large seeds recorded slightly higher than small size and ranges from 68.33 to 43.33%. Mean daily germination value ranged between 1.81 to 2.85, Peak value of germination ranged between 3.15 to 4.59, Germination value ranged between 5.79to 13.67 and germination speed ranged between3.71 to 5.88. The existence of conflicting selection might explain the occurrence of an optimal seed size in some plant species without invoking a seed number-size trade-off. Hence, it is recommended to use only medium and large size seeds for growing, because they do result in higher germination behavior and seedling establishment.
The effect of IBA and IAA concentrations were examined to determine the Survival percentage of Te... more The effect of IBA and IAA concentrations were examined to determine the Survival percentage of Terminalia chebula (Retz.) by vegetative propagation via rooting in stem cuttings. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. One-year old leafless branch cuttings were taken from selected superior phenotypes from the surrounding environs of Allahabad, UP. Cuttings were treated with-1 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg L concentrations of Indole 3-Butyric Acid (IBA) and Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) and planted in poly bags kept under a phyto-environmentally controlled mist chamber. Minimum survival percentage and A limited rooting was achieved in untreated cuttings (control) while survival percentage and rooting of treated cuttings significantly increased with an increase in concentration of IBA and IAA. Among two auxins tested, IBA emerged most effective on survival percentage and in inducing rooting, sprouting and associated traits.-1 Amongst different concentrations of auxins, concentration 2000 mg L was found best and 51.96% of plants were survived and achieved over 70% rooting in cuttings. It also triggered more number of roots, higher root length, shoot proliferation, maximum shoot and root biomass. This paper discusses the role of auxins (IBA and IAA) to evaluate the survival percentage of stem cuttings influencing rooting and has a practical implication for the development of protocol for asexual propagation and establishing clonal plantations of Terminalia chebula.
The study was conducted over a period of 5 months from March to July, 2017, to study the effect o... more The study was conducted over a period of 5 months from March to July, 2017, to study the effect of varied pre-sowing treatments on seed germination of Tectona grandis (Teak) in the nursery area of College of Forestry, SHUATS, Allahabad. Seeds were subjected to 14 treatments including control i.e. T0 (Control), T₁ (Soaked in normal water for 3 days), T₂ (Sunlight for 3 days), T₃ (Alternate wet 12hrs and drying 12hrs for 10 days), T₄ (Soaked in cow urine for 6 days), T₅ (Soaked in Cow dung slurry for 7 days), T₆ (Hammer treatment), T₇ (Sand paper), T₈ (Boiling 2 min), T₉ (Boiling 5 min), T₁₀ (Conc. H₂SO₄ 15 min), T₁₁ (Conc. H₂SO₄ 20 min), T₁₂ (HNO₃ 15 min), and T₁₃ (HNO₃ 20 min). Findings of the data revealed that pre-treatment of seed before sowing enhanced seed germination and seedling growth. The highest germination percentage (43.3%) was observed in T₃ (Alternate wet and drying) followed by T₅ (Cow dung slurry 40%) and T₁₁ (H₂SO₄ 20 min 33.3%). The lowest germination (13.3%) was recorded in T₂, T₄ and T₁₂ (sunlight, cow urine and HNO₃ 15 min) respectively. Seedling height, root length, collar diameter and number of leaves have resulted different performance trend and found as T₃, T₅, T₆, T₁₀ and T₁₁ respectively and as for fresh and dry shoot weight, fresh and dry root weight trend of higher value was observed in T₃ and T₅ respectively and the lowest in T₀. Observation for seedling quality parameter, it show difference in higher trend of value i.e. T₈ and T₉ for root shoot ratio-I, T₈ and T₁₂ for root shoot ratio-II while for Sturdiness quotient, highest value was observed in T₄ (cow urine).Therefore, the effect of pre-sowing treatment T₃ (alternate wet and drying) and T₅ (cow dung slurry) was more effective in germination and production of quality seedling of Tectona grandis (Teak) in the nursery.
Estimation of phenotypic and genotypic correlation between various traits
provides necessary info... more Estimation of phenotypic and genotypic correlation between various traits provides necessary information in breeding program, when selection is based on two or more characters. The intensity and trend of association among characters may be estimated by genetic coefficients of correlations and genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of correlation depending on the type of materials studied. The knowledge of genetic inter-relationship between characters is also of theoretical and practical interest because a genotypic correlation may drive genetic linkage or from developmental induced relationships between components that are only indirectly the consequences of gene action. Terminalia arjuna is a medium to large sized fast growing versatile tree popularly known as Arjun. It has immense economic potential in various industries viz., pharmaceutical, timber, paper, soap, tannin, dye, match, food, fodder and fuel. Thirty candidate plus trees (CPTs) of T. arjuna were selected as seed source from 30 different provinces of Uttar Pradesh for the study of correlation study of morphological & biomass traits. After 12 months of growth under nursery condition, data were collected and analyze for association studies. Present study concludes that magnitudes of phenotypic correlation coefficients were lower compare to corresponding genotypic values. A strong positive and highly significant phenotypic correlation with collar diameter, bark content, fresh shoot weight, dry shoot weight, fresh root weight, dry root weight and total biomass of seedling were exhibited. Therefore, these characters may be given proper emphasis during selection and breeding program of Arjun tree species where the amount of leaf, bark and biomass production is of immense importance.
Seed Size Correlates with Germination Traits in Terminalia arjuna Genotypes, 2017
Seed size emerged as a governing characteristic for germination parameters and
seedling establish... more Seed size emerged as a governing characteristic for germination parameters and seedling establishment owing to best evolutionary traits of plant which impart major contribution in genetic diversity. Large size increased germination rate and seedling survival, accelerated germination timing, and enhanced seedling growth. Present experiment is carried out to assess the seed size correlates with germination characteristics in Terminalia arjuna. The findings suggest that the seedling vigour is a fixed positive function of seed size needs to be reconsidered. Germination of large seeds recorded slightly higher than small size and ranges from 68.33 to 43.33%. Mean daily germination value ranged between 1.81 to 2.85, Peak value of germination ranged between 3.15 to 4.59, Germination value ranged between 5.79to 13.67 and germination speed ranged between3.71 to 5.88. The existence of conflicting selection might explain the occurrence of an optimal seed size in some plant species without invoking a seed number-size trade-off. Hence, it is recommended to use only medium and large size seeds for growing, because they do result in higher germination behavior and seedling establishment.
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provides necessary information in breeding program, when selection is based
on two or more characters. The intensity and trend of association among
characters may be estimated by genetic coefficients of correlations and
genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of correlation depending on the type
of materials studied. The knowledge of genetic inter-relationship between
characters is also of theoretical and practical interest because a genotypic
correlation may drive genetic linkage or from developmental induced
relationships between components that are only indirectly the consequences
of gene action. Terminalia arjuna is a medium to large sized fast growing
versatile tree popularly known as Arjun. It has immense economic potential
in various industries viz., pharmaceutical, timber, paper, soap, tannin, dye,
match, food, fodder and fuel. Thirty candidate plus trees (CPTs) of T. arjuna
were selected as seed source from 30 different provinces of Uttar Pradesh
for the study of correlation study of morphological & biomass traits. After 12
months of growth under nursery condition, data were collected and analyze for
association studies. Present study concludes that magnitudes of phenotypic
correlation coefficients were lower compare to corresponding genotypic
values. A strong positive and highly significant phenotypic correlation with
collar diameter, bark content, fresh shoot weight, dry shoot weight, fresh
root weight, dry root weight and total biomass of seedling were exhibited.
Therefore, these characters may be given proper emphasis during selection
and breeding program of Arjun tree species where the amount of leaf, bark
and biomass production is of immense importance.
seedling establishment owing to best evolutionary traits of plant which impart
major contribution in genetic diversity. Large size increased germination rate and
seedling survival, accelerated germination timing, and enhanced seedling growth.
Present experiment is carried out to assess the seed size correlates with
germination characteristics in Terminalia arjuna. The findings suggest that the
seedling vigour is a fixed positive function of seed size needs to be reconsidered.
Germination of large seeds recorded slightly higher than small size and ranges
from 68.33 to 43.33%. Mean daily germination value ranged between 1.81 to 2.85,
Peak value of germination ranged between 3.15 to 4.59, Germination value ranged
between 5.79to 13.67 and germination speed ranged between3.71 to 5.88. The
existence of conflicting selection might explain the occurrence of an optimal seed
size in some plant species without invoking a seed number-size trade-off. Hence,
it is recommended to use only medium and large size seeds for growing, because
they do result in higher germination behavior and seedling establishment.
provides necessary information in breeding program, when selection is based
on two or more characters. The intensity and trend of association among
characters may be estimated by genetic coefficients of correlations and
genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of correlation depending on the type
of materials studied. The knowledge of genetic inter-relationship between
characters is also of theoretical and practical interest because a genotypic
correlation may drive genetic linkage or from developmental induced
relationships between components that are only indirectly the consequences
of gene action. Terminalia arjuna is a medium to large sized fast growing
versatile tree popularly known as Arjun. It has immense economic potential
in various industries viz., pharmaceutical, timber, paper, soap, tannin, dye,
match, food, fodder and fuel. Thirty candidate plus trees (CPTs) of T. arjuna
were selected as seed source from 30 different provinces of Uttar Pradesh
for the study of correlation study of morphological & biomass traits. After 12
months of growth under nursery condition, data were collected and analyze for
association studies. Present study concludes that magnitudes of phenotypic
correlation coefficients were lower compare to corresponding genotypic
values. A strong positive and highly significant phenotypic correlation with
collar diameter, bark content, fresh shoot weight, dry shoot weight, fresh
root weight, dry root weight and total biomass of seedling were exhibited.
Therefore, these characters may be given proper emphasis during selection
and breeding program of Arjun tree species where the amount of leaf, bark
and biomass production is of immense importance.
seedling establishment owing to best evolutionary traits of plant which impart
major contribution in genetic diversity. Large size increased germination rate and
seedling survival, accelerated germination timing, and enhanced seedling growth.
Present experiment is carried out to assess the seed size correlates with
germination characteristics in Terminalia arjuna. The findings suggest that the
seedling vigour is a fixed positive function of seed size needs to be reconsidered.
Germination of large seeds recorded slightly higher than small size and ranges
from 68.33 to 43.33%. Mean daily germination value ranged between 1.81 to 2.85,
Peak value of germination ranged between 3.15 to 4.59, Germination value ranged
between 5.79to 13.67 and germination speed ranged between3.71 to 5.88. The
existence of conflicting selection might explain the occurrence of an optimal seed
size in some plant species without invoking a seed number-size trade-off. Hence,
it is recommended to use only medium and large size seeds for growing, because
they do result in higher germination behavior and seedling establishment.