Citric acid

Citric acid
Names
	IUPAC name 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
	Ither names 3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid ; 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid
Identifiers
CAS Nummer	77-92-9 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive eemage;
ChEBI	CHEBI:30769 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1261 ;
ChemSpider	305 ;
DrugBank	DB04272 ;
EC Nummer	201-069-1
KEGG	D00037 ;
PubChem CID	311;
RTECS nummer	GE7350000
UNII	XF417D3PSL ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C6H8O7/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12) Key: KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C6H8O7/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12) Key: KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYAM;
	SMILES OC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C6H8O7
Molar mass	192.124 g/mol (anhydrous); 210.14 g/mol (monohydrate)
Appearance	crystalline white solid
Odour	odorless
Density	1.665 g/cm3(1.5g/cm3 for monohydrate)
Meltin pynt	156 °C (313 °F; 429 K)
Bylin pynt	310 °C (590 °F; 583 K)
Solubility in watter	59 g/100 ml (20 °C)
Solubility	very soluble in ethanol ; soluble in ether, ethyl acetate ; insoluble in benzene, chloroform
log P	-1.64
Acidity (pKa)	pKa1 = 3.14; pKa2 = 4.75; pKa3 = 6.39, 6.40
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy o; formation ΔfHo298	-1548.8 kJ/mol
Hazards
Main hazards	skin an eye irritant
NFPA 704	1 2 0
Flash pynt	155 °C (311 °F)
Explosive leemits	1.8-4.8%
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (Median dose)	3000 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Relatit compoonds
	Except whaur itherwise notit, data are gien for materials in thair staundart state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

Citric acid is a weak organic acid wi the formula C₆H₈O₇. It is a naitural preservative/conservative an is an aa uised tae add an acidic or sour taste tae fuids an drinks. In biochemistry, the conjugate base o citric acid, citrate, is important as an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism o aw aerobic organisms.

Citric acid is a commodity chemical, an mair nor a million tonnes are produced every year bi fermentation. It is uised mainly as an acidifier, as a flavorin, an as a chelatin agent.

References

↑ David R. Lide, ed. (2005). "Physical Constants of Organic Compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (Internet Version ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. Archived frae the original on 24 Julie 2017. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
↑ http://anderquim.com/Genericos/Genericos/Acido%20Citrico%20Anhidro_FDS.pdf Archived 2014-02-21 at the Wayback Machine
↑ "Data for Biochemical Research". ZirChrom Separations, Inc. Retrieved 11 Januar 2012.
↑ "Ionization Constants of Organic Acids". Michigan State University. Retrieved 11 Januar 2012.

[1] David R. Lide, ed. (2005). "Physical Constants of Organic Compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (Internet Version ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. Archived frae the original on 24 Julie 2017. Retrieved 20 December 2021.

[2] ttp://anderquim.com/Genericos/Genericos/Acido%20Citrico%20Anhidro_FDS.pdf Archived 2014-02-21 at the Wayback Machine

[3] "Data for Biochemical Research". ZirChrom Separations, Inc. Retrieved 11 Januar 2012.

[4] "Ionization Constants of Organic Acids". Michigan State University. Retrieved 11 Januar 2012.

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