Mathias Schmidt
Mathias currently works at the Institute for History, Theory and Ethics of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University. Mathias does research in Medical Ethics and History of Medicine and Science.
Phone: (0049) 241 80 85641
Address: PD Dr. rer. medic. Mathias Schmidt, M.A.
Institut für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin
Medizinische Fakultät der RWTH Aachen
Universitätsklinikum Aachen
Wendlingweg 2, Gebäude MTI 2
52074 Aachen
Phone: (0049) 241 80 85641
Address: PD Dr. rer. medic. Mathias Schmidt, M.A.
Institut für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin
Medizinische Fakultät der RWTH Aachen
Universitätsklinikum Aachen
Wendlingweg 2, Gebäude MTI 2
52074 Aachen
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The focus of this article is the psychiatrist Johann Recktenwald (1882–1964) who has so far received little attention: acquitted of the charge of “crimes against humanity”, he went public in post-war Germany with a neuropsychiatric treatise on Hitler. But is this appearance as a Hitler-critical psychiatrist consistent with the available historical sources? What was Recktenwald’s relationship with the Nazi regime, and how did he behave in the “Third Reich” towards the patients entrusted to his care?
Methods: A standardized questionnaire consisting of 20 items was used to investigate the frequency of use and the operating conditions of teleconsultation in the field of neurosurgery. The survey was performed during the annual national German Society of Neurosurgery conference in 2017. Participation in the written survey was on voluntary and anonymous basis.
Results: In total, 296 individuals took part in the survey (140 specialists in neuro-surgery, 77 residents). Among them, 71% were male and 121 worked at a university medical center. In total, 87.5% of all participants indicated that teleconsultation was used in their institutions (n = 113 in university medical centers and n = 76 in hospitals), and a vast majority stated to have had personal experience with it (88.6% of specialists, 85.5% of residents). The most frequent initial request for a consultation was done by phone call (80.3%). Images or data were then primarily transmitted via an electronic system (77.3%), followed by transmissions via CD or by post. The reply to a consultation was also mainly done by phone call (91.3%), followed by fax, or by e-mail. No standard protocol was followed by 78.6% of the respondents, and they stated not to know about the statutory and legal rules. However, it was stated that the protection of patient data was not endangered by using teleconsultation. The usefulness of teleconsultation and its future relevance were rated highly by the participants. The risk of misinterpretation of image data, especially without having direct access to other patient data, seemed to be a critical and unequivocal challenge.
The focus of this article is the psychiatrist Johann Recktenwald (1882–1964) who has so far received little attention: acquitted of the charge of “crimes against humanity”, he went public in post-war Germany with a neuropsychiatric treatise on Hitler. But is this appearance as a Hitler-critical psychiatrist consistent with the available historical sources? What was Recktenwald’s relationship with the Nazi regime, and how did he behave in the “Third Reich” towards the patients entrusted to his care?
Methods: A standardized questionnaire consisting of 20 items was used to investigate the frequency of use and the operating conditions of teleconsultation in the field of neurosurgery. The survey was performed during the annual national German Society of Neurosurgery conference in 2017. Participation in the written survey was on voluntary and anonymous basis.
Results: In total, 296 individuals took part in the survey (140 specialists in neuro-surgery, 77 residents). Among them, 71% were male and 121 worked at a university medical center. In total, 87.5% of all participants indicated that teleconsultation was used in their institutions (n = 113 in university medical centers and n = 76 in hospitals), and a vast majority stated to have had personal experience with it (88.6% of specialists, 85.5% of residents). The most frequent initial request for a consultation was done by phone call (80.3%). Images or data were then primarily transmitted via an electronic system (77.3%), followed by transmissions via CD or by post. The reply to a consultation was also mainly done by phone call (91.3%), followed by fax, or by e-mail. No standard protocol was followed by 78.6% of the respondents, and they stated not to know about the statutory and legal rules. However, it was stated that the protection of patient data was not endangered by using teleconsultation. The usefulness of teleconsultation and its future relevance were rated highly by the participants. The risk of misinterpretation of image data, especially without having direct access to other patient data, seemed to be a critical and unequivocal challenge.