Thomas Izbicki
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Libraries, Faculty Member
- Retired librarian and active historian: focused on medieval history, church history and canon law.edit
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In late 1433, after two years of intrigue and negotiations, Pope Eugenius IV agreed to acknowledge the legitimate existence of the Council of Basel. The recently crowned Emperor Sigismund had gone to Basel, and numberous clerics,... more
In late 1433, after two years of intrigue and negotiations, Pope Eugenius IV agreed to acknowledge the legitimate existence of the Council of Basel. The recently crowned Emperor Sigismund had gone to Basel, and numberous clerics, including many cardinals, had abandoned the curia for the council. An obstreperous duke of Milan threatened the papal states “in the name of the holy synod,” and in May 1434 the populace of Rome rebelled, foreing the pope to flee down the Tiber.
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The Great Schism or Triple Schism has a long record of historiographic opinions, many tied to confessional suppositions. This introductory chapter provides an overview of discussions presented in the various chapters of this book. The... more
The Great Schism or Triple Schism has a long record of historiographic opinions, many tied to confessional suppositions. This introductory chapter provides an overview of discussions presented in the various chapters of this book. The time covered extends past the early years of the Schism to its termination at Constance. The broadest range of experiences is presented, center and periphery, clerical and lay, male and female, Christian and Muslim. The depth of the pain caused by the Schism, sundering the cherished unity of Christendom, is revealed. So too is the creativity that went first into defending a claim to the papacy and then to solving the problems that these claims had caused at every level of western European society. These are not the last words on the Great Schism, but they are contributions to the debates resulting from taking a broader view than just choosing between Rome, Avignon, and Pisa. Keywords: French literature; historiography; Triple Schism
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... concordantia catholica and the Letter to Rodrigo San-chez de Arevalo, which discusses the Church in light of the Cusan idea of "learned ignorance." Thomas M. Izbicki is Humanities Librarian, Archibald S. Alexander Library at... more
... concordantia catholica and the Letter to Rodrigo San-chez de Arevalo, which discusses the Church in light of the Cusan idea of "learned ignorance." Thomas M. Izbicki is Humanities Librarian, Archibald S. Alexander Library at ... The blame for the remaining blemishes is my own. ...
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Research Interests: Philosophy and Art
The Council of Basel (1431-1449) tried defending the faith and reforming the Church. In conflict with Pope Eugenius IV over supreme ecclesiastical power, it attempted his deposition. The ensuing struggle only ended when Basel closed under... more
The Council of Basel (1431-1449) tried defending the faith and reforming the Church. In conflict with Pope Eugenius IV over supreme ecclesiastical power, it attempted his deposition. The ensuing struggle only ended when Basel closed under pressure from the princes.
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The most thorough examination to date of the landmark decree that mandated strict enclosure of all nuns. Pope Boniface VIII published a decree in 1298 that transformed long-standing attitudes toward nuns into universal Church law.... more
The most thorough examination to date of the landmark decree that mandated strict enclosure of all nuns. Pope Boniface VIII published a decree in 1298 that transformed long-standing attitudes toward nuns into universal Church law. Referred to as Periculoso, the decree announced that all nuns were to be perpetually cloistered. This volume provides an in-depth study of the watershed legislation. Elizabeth Makowski surveys precedents for Periculoso as well as some of the problems Boniface VIII hoped to solve with his ruling. She further analyzes the commentary on Periculoso and the attempts to enforce the legislation.
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Research Interests: Philosophy and Greeks
Abstract:By the twelfth century anointing of the sick, the sacrament of Extreme Unction, was tied to penance and was the province of priests. Nonetheless, the Scholastics treated the past role of holy persons not ordained to the... more
Abstract:By the twelfth century anointing of the sick, the sacrament of Extreme Unction, was tied to penance and was the province of priests. Nonetheless, the Scholastics treated the past role of holy persons not ordained to the priesthood as healers, who anointed with oil. The example they treated most often was that of Saint Geneviève of Paris. The theologians concluded that prayers of saints might be more effective than those of a priest in physical healing, but any anointing they did was not sacramental, neither forgiving venial sins nor abolishing "remnants of sin" to prepare the soul for the afterlife.