Dosing & Uses
Dosage Forms & Strengths
tablet
- 150mg
- 300mg
Susceptible Infections
150 mg PO QID or 300 mg PO BID
Dosing Considerations
Indicated in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions below:
Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever and the typhus group, Q fever, rickettsialpox and tick fevers caused by rickettsiae
Respiratory tract infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Lymphogranuloma venereum due to Chlamydia trachomatis
Psittacosis (Ornithosis) due to Chlamydia psittaci
Trachoma due to Chlamydia trachomatis, although the infectious agent is not always eliminated, as judged by immunofluorescence
Inclusion conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis
Nongonococcal urethritis in adults caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum or Chlamydia trachomatis
Relapsing fever due to Borrelia recurrentis
Chancroid caused by Haemophilus ducreyi
Plague due to Yersinia pestis
Tularemia due to Francisella tularensis
Cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae
Campylobacter fetus infections cause by Campylobacter fetus
Brucellosis due to Brucella species (in conjunction with streptomycin)
Bartonellosis due to Bartonella bacilliformis
Granuloma inguinale caused by Calymmatobacterium granulomatis
Indicated for the following gram-negative microorganisms, when bacteriologic testing indicates appropriate susceptibility to the drug
- Escherichia coli
- Enterobacter aerogenes
- Shigella species
- Acinetobacter species
- Respiratory tract infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae
- Respiratory tract and urinary tract infections caused by Klebsiella species
Indicated for the following gram-positive microorganisms, when bacteriologic testing indicates appropriate susceptibility to the drug
- Upper respiratory infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (tetracyclines, including demeclocycline, are not the drugs of choice in the treatment of any type of staphylococcal infection)
When penicillin is contraindicated, tetracyclines, including demeclocycline are alternative drugs in the treatment of the following infections
- Uncomplicated urethritis in men due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and for the treatment of other uncomplicated gonococcal infections
- Infections in women caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum
- Yaws caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pertenue
- Listeriosis due to Listeria monocytogenes
- Anthrax due to Bacillus anthracis
- Vincent’s infection caused by Fusobacterium fusiforme
- Actinomycosis caused by Actinomyces israelii
- Clostridial diseases caused by Clostridium species
- In acute intestinal amebiasis, may be a useful adjunct to amebicides
- In severe acne, may be a useful adjunctive therapy
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever and the typhus group, Q fever, rickettsialpox, and tick fevers caused by rickettsiae
Interactions
Interaction Checker
No Results
Contraindicated
Serious
Significant - Monitor Closely
Minor
Contraindicated (1)
- acitretin
demeclocycline, acitretin. Other (see comment). Contraindicated. Comment: Both acitretin and tetracyclines can cause increased intracranial pressure.
Serious (54)
- aluminum hydroxide
aluminum hydroxide decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- aminolevulinic acid oral
aminolevulinic acid oral, demeclocycline. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid administering other phototoxic drugs with aminolevulinic acid oral for 24 hr during perioperative period.
- aminolevulinic acid topical
demeclocycline increases toxicity of aminolevulinic acid topical by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration of photosensitizing drugs may enhance the phototoxic reaction to photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid.
- amoxicillin
demeclocycline decreases effects of amoxicillin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Tetracyclines may interfere with the bactericidal action of penicillins. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of penicillins if concomitantly used with a tetracycline.
- ampicillin
demeclocycline decreases effects of ampicillin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Tetracyclines may interfere with the bactericidal action of penicillins. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of penicillins if concomitantly used with a tetracycline.
- atracurium
demeclocycline increases effects of atracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of respiratory depression.
- BCG vaccine live
demeclocycline decreases effects of BCG vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Wait until Abx Tx complete to administer live bacterial vaccine.
- bismuth subsalicylate
bismuth subsalicylate decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- calcium acetate
calcium acetate, demeclocycline. Either decreases levels of the other by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- calcium carbonate
calcium carbonate, demeclocycline. Either decreases levels of the other by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- calcium chloride
calcium chloride, demeclocycline. Either decreases levels of the other by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- calcium citrate
calcium citrate, demeclocycline. Either decreases levels of the other by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- calcium gluconate
calcium gluconate, demeclocycline. Either decreases levels of the other by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- carbonyl iron
carbonyl iron decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- cholera vaccine
demeclocycline, cholera vaccine. pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Avoid coadministration of cholera vaccine with systemic antibiotics since these agents may be active against the vaccine strain. Do not administer cholera vaccine to patients who have received oral or parenteral antibiotics within 14 days prior to vaccination.
- cisatracurium
demeclocycline increases effects of cisatracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of respiratory depression.
- dicloxacillin
demeclocycline decreases effects of dicloxacillin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- ferric maltol
ferric maltol decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- ferrous fumarate
ferrous fumarate decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- ferrous gluconate
ferrous gluconate decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- ferrous sulfate
ferrous sulfate decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- iron dextran complex
iron dextran complex decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- iron sucrose
iron sucrose decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- isotretinoin
isotretinoin, demeclocycline. Mechanism: unknown. Contraindicated. Risk of pseudotumor cerebri.
- magnesium chloride
magnesium chloride decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- magnesium citrate
magnesium citrate decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- magnesium hydroxide
magnesium hydroxide decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- magnesium oxide
magnesium oxide decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- magnesium sulfate
magnesium sulfate decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- methoxyflurane
demeclocycline, methoxyflurane. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of nephrotoxicity.
- methyl aminolevulinate
demeclocycline, methyl aminolevulinate. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Each drug may increase the photosensitizing effect of the other.
- microbiota oral
demeclocycline decreases effects of microbiota oral by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Microbiota oral contains bacterial spores. Antibacterial agents may decrease efficacy if coadministered. Complete antibiotic regimens 2-4 days before initiating microbiota oral. .
- nafcillin
demeclocycline decreases effects of nafcillin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. bacteriostatic antibiotics may interfere with the bactericidal actions of penicillins.
- oxacillin
demeclocycline decreases effects of oxacillin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. bacteriostatic agents may inhibit the effects of bactericidal agentsba.
- palovarotene
demeclocycline, palovarotene. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Systemic retinoid use has been associated with cases of benign intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri), some of which involved concomitant use of tetracyclines.
- pancuronium
demeclocycline increases effects of pancuronium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of respiratory depression.
- penicillin G aqueous
demeclocycline decreases effects of penicillin G aqueous by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- penicillin VK
demeclocycline decreases effects of penicillin VK by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- polysaccharide iron
polysaccharide iron decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- rapacuronium
demeclocycline increases effects of rapacuronium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of respiratory depression.
- rocuronium
demeclocycline increases effects of rocuronium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of respiratory depression.
- rose hips
rose hips decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- sodium bicarbonate
sodium bicarbonate decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- sodium citrate/citric acid
sodium citrate/citric acid decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Separate by 2 hours.
- sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride
sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Administer tetracyclines at least 2 hr before and no less than 6 hr after each dose to avoid chelation with magnesium. .
- sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate
sodium sulfate/potassium sulfate/magnesium sulfate decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Administer tetracyclines at least 2 hr before and no less than 6 hr after each dose to avoid chelation with magnesium. .
- strontium ranelate
strontium ranelate decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Contraindicated. Suspend strontium ranelate during antibiotic therapy.
- succinylcholine
demeclocycline increases effects of succinylcholine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of respiratory depression.
- temocillin
demeclocycline decreases effects of temocillin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- tretinoin
demeclocycline, tretinoin. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased phototoxicity.
- tretinoin topical
demeclocycline, tretinoin topical. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Increased phototoxicity.
- tripotassium dicitratobismuthate
tripotassium dicitratobismuthate decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.
- typhoid vaccine live
demeclocycline decreases effects of typhoid vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Contraindicated. Wait until Abx Tx complete to administer live bacterial vaccine.
- vecuronium
demeclocycline increases effects of vecuronium by pharmacodynamic synergism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Risk of respiratory depression.
Monitor Closely (29)
- bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- cefdinir
demeclocycline decreases effects of cefdinir by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. bacteriostatic agents may inhibit the effects of bactericidal agents.
- cefditoren
demeclocycline decreases effects of cefditoren by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. bacteriostatic agents may inhibit the effects of bactericidal agents.
- cefoxitin
demeclocycline decreases effects of cefoxitin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. bacteriostatic agents may inhibit the effects of bactericidal agents.
- cefpodoxime
demeclocycline decreases effects of cefpodoxime by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. bacteriostatic agents may inhibit the effects of bactericidal agents.
- ceftriaxone
demeclocycline decreases effects of ceftriaxone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. bacteriostatic agents may inhibit the effects of bactericidal agents.
- cefuroxime
demeclocycline decreases effects of cefuroxime by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. bacteriostatic agents may inhibit the effects of bactericidal agents.
- cholestyramine
cholestyramine decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- conjugated estrogens
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of conjugated estrogens by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- didanosine
didanosine will decrease the level or effect of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Applies to didanosine chewable tablets and powder for oral solution; administer 2 hr before or several hours after didanosine oral solution or chewable tablet administration
- digoxin
demeclocycline will increase the level or effect of digoxin by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- estradiol
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of estradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- estrogens conjugated synthetic
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of estrogens conjugated synthetic by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- estropipate
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of estropipate by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- ethinylestradiol
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of ethinylestradiol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- lanthanum carbonate
lanthanum carbonate decreases levels of demeclocycline by cation binding in GI tract. Use Caution/Monitor. Administer oral tetracycline antibiotics at least 2 hr before or after lanthanum. Interaction applies only to oral tetracyclines.
- levonorgestrel oral/ethinylestradiol/ferrous bisglycinate
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of levonorgestrel oral/ethinylestradiol/ferrous bisglycinate by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor. Antibiotics may decrease hormonal contraceptive efficacy.
- magnesium supplement
magnesium supplement will decrease the level or effect of demeclocycline by Other (see comment). Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Formation of an insoluble complex reduces absorption of the drug through intestinal tract; administer magnesium 2hr before the tetracycline or 4hr after the tetracycline.
- mestranol
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of mestranol by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral forms of hormone. Low risk of contraceptive failure. Use Caution/Monitor.
- methotrexate
demeclocycline increases levels of methotrexate by decreasing elimination. Use Caution/Monitor. Tetracyclines may decrease intestinal absorption of methotrexate or interfere with the enterohepatic circulation by inhibiting bowel flora and suppressing metabolism of the drug by bacteria.
- methoxsalen
methoxsalen, demeclocycline. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive photosensitizing effects.
- mipomersen
mipomersen, demeclocycline. Either increases toxicity of the other by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Both drugs have potential to increase hepatic enzymes; monitor LFTs.
- piperacillin
demeclocycline decreases effects of piperacillin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. bacteriostatic agents may inhibit the effects of bactericidal agents.
- polycarbophil
polycarbophil decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.
- porfimer
demeclocycline, porfimer. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Enhanced photosensitivity.
- sodium picosulfate/magnesium oxide/anhydrous citric acid
demeclocycline decreases effects of sodium picosulfate/magnesium oxide/anhydrous citric acid by altering metabolism. Use Caution/Monitor. Coadministration with antibiotics decreases efficacy by altering colonic bacterial flora needed to convert sodium picosulfate to active drug.
sodium picosulfate/magnesium oxide/anhydrous citric acid decreases levels of demeclocycline by cation binding in GI tract. Use Caution/Monitor. Take at least 2 hours before and not less than 6 hours after administration of sodium picosulfate, magnesium oxide and anhydrous citric acid to avoid magnesium chelation. - trimagnesium citrate anhydrous
trimagnesium citrate anhydrous decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. Multivalent cation-containing products may reduce bioavailability of tetracyclines; administer tetracycline at least 2 hr before or 6 hr after magnesium; use alternatives if available.
- warfarin
demeclocycline increases effects of warfarin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.
- zinc
zinc will decrease the level or effect of demeclocycline by cation binding in GI tract. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Separate administration of oral tetracycline derivatives and oral zinc salts by at least 2 hr.
Minor (23)
- antithrombin alfa
demeclocycline increases effects of antithrombin alfa by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- antithrombin III
demeclocycline increases effects of antithrombin III by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- argatroban
demeclocycline increases effects of argatroban by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- balsalazide
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of balsalazide by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- bemiparin
demeclocycline increases effects of bemiparin by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- biotin
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of biotin by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- bivalirudin
demeclocycline increases effects of bivalirudin by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- colestipol
colestipol decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- dalteparin
demeclocycline increases effects of dalteparin by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- enoxaparin
demeclocycline increases effects of enoxaparin by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- fondaparinux
demeclocycline increases effects of fondaparinux by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- heparin
demeclocycline increases effects of heparin by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- niacin
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of niacin by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- pantothenic acid
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of pantothenic acid by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- phenindione
demeclocycline increases effects of phenindione by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- protamine
demeclocycline increases effects of protamine by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- pyridoxine
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of pyridoxine by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- pyridoxine (Antidote)
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of pyridoxine (Antidote) by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- rose hips
demeclocycline decreases levels of rose hips by increasing elimination. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- sucralfate
sucralfate decreases levels of demeclocycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- thiamine
demeclocycline will decrease the level or effect of thiamine by altering intestinal flora. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- vasopressin
demeclocycline decreases effects of vasopressin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.
- verteporfin
demeclocycline, verteporfin. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Increased phototoxicity.
Adverse Effects
Frequency Not Defined
Photosensitivity rxn (more frequent & severe than other tetracyclines), reversible
Dose-related diabetes insipidus (does not occur with other tetracyclines)
Discoloration of teeth
Superinfection, monilial
Dysphagia
Glossitis
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Hepatotoxicity
Warnings
Contraindications
Documented hypersensitivity
Cautions
All tetracyclines form a stable calcium complex in any bone-forming tissue; a decrease in fibula growth rate has been observed in premature human infants given in doses of 25 mg/kg/ every six hr; this reaction was shown to be reversible when the drug was discontinued
Results of animal studies indicate that tetracyclines cross the placenta, are found in fetal tissues, and can have toxic effects on the developing fetus (often related to retardation of skeletal development); evidence of embryotoxicity has been noted in animals treated early in pregnancy
The anti-anabolic action of the tetracyclines may cause an increase in BUN; while this is not a problem in those with normal renal function, in patients with significantly impaired function, higher serum levels of tetracycline may lead to azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, and acidosis; if renal impairment exists, even usual oral or parenteral doses may lead to excessive systemic accumulation of the drug and possible liver toxicity; under such conditions, lower than usual total doses are indicated and, if therapy is prolonged, serum level determinations of the drug may be advisable
Photosensitivity manifested by exaggerated sunburn reaction has been observed in some individuals taking tetracyclines; phototoxic reactions can occur in individuals taking demeclocycline, and are characterized by severe burns or exposed surfaces resulting from direct exposure of patients to sunlight during therapy with moderate or large doses of demeclocycline; patients that may be exposed to direct sunlight or ultraviolet light should be advised that this reaction can occur and treatment should be discontinued at first evidence of erythema of skin
Administration of demeclocycline hydrochloride has resulted in appearance of the diabetes insipidus syndrome (polyuria, polydipsia, and weakness) in some patients on long-term therapy; the syndrome has been shown to be nephrogenic, dose-dependent, and reversible on discontinuance of therapy; patients, who are experiencing central nervous system symptoms associated with this therapy, should be cautioned about driving vehicles or using hazardous machinery while on demeclocycline therapy
Pseudotumor cerebri (benign intracranial hypertension) in adults has been associated with use of this medication; the usual clinical manifestations are headache and blurred vision; bulging fontanels have been associated with use of tetracyclines in infants; while both of these conditions and related symptoms usually resolve soon after discontinuation of tetracycline, the possibility for permanent sequelae exists
As with other antibiotic preparations, use of this drug may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms, including fungi; if superinfection occurs, the antibiotic should be discontinued and appropriate therapy should be instituted; incision and drainage or other surgical procedures should be performed in conjunction with antibiotic therapy, when indicated; prescribing therapy in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection or a prophylactic indication is unlikely to provide benefit to patient and increases risk of development of drug-resistant bacteria
Clostridioides difficile diarrhea
Clostridioides difficile associated with diarrhea (CDAD) reported with use; may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis; treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C. difficile; C. difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to development of CDAD
Hypertoxin-producing strains of C. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy
CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use; careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after administration of antibacterial agents; if CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C. difficile may need to discontinue; appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C. difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy
Avoid during pregnancy; use alternant antibiotics
Tetracycline use during tooth development (last one-half of pregnancy through age 8 y) can cause permanent discoloration of teeth
Lactation
Tetracyclines are excreted in breastmilk
Avoided in breastfeeding women due to theoretical concerns that they may permanently stain the teeth of the breastfed infants
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk. X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist. NA: Information not available.Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding with 30S and possibly 50S ribosomal subunit(s).
Absorption
Bioavailability: 60-80% (fasting); reduced by ≥50% or more by food or milk
Peak plasma concentration: 0.9-1.2 mcg/mL (150 mg x 1); 1.5-1.7 mcg/mL (300 mg x 1)
Elimination
Half-life: 11-17 hr; 42-68 hr (severe renal impairment)
Excretion: 44% urine; 31% feces
Administration
Oral Administration
Administer 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals
Do not take with milk, calcium or magnesium supplements, iron supplements, antacids, or multivitamins; separate doses by several hours
Images
| BRAND | FORM. | UNIT PRICE | PILL IMAGE |
|---|---|---|---|
| demeclocycline oral - | 300 mg tablet |  | |
| demeclocycline oral - | 300 mg tablet |  | |
| demeclocycline oral - | 150 mg tablet |  | |
| demeclocycline oral - | 150 mg tablet |  | |
| demeclocycline oral - | 300 mg tablet |  | |
| demeclocycline oral - | 150 mg tablet |  | |
| demeclocycline oral - | 150 mg tablet |  |
Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.
Patient Handout
demeclocycline oral
DEMECLOCYCLINE - ORAL
(dem-eh-klo-SYE-kleen)
COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Declomycin
USES: Demeclocycline is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections, including those that cause acne. This medication is known as a tetracycline antibiotic. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.
HOW TO USE: Take this medication by mouth on an empty stomach (at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal) as directed by your doctor, usually 2 to 4 times a day. Take each dose with a full glass of water (8 ounces or 240 milliliters) unless your doctor directs you otherwise. Do not lie down for at least 10 minutes after taking this drug. For this reason, do not take it right before bedtime.If stomach upset occurs, ask your doctor if you can take this medication with food.Take this medication 2 to 3 hours before or after taking any products containing aluminum, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, or bismuth subsalicylate. Some examples include antacids, quinapril, sucralfate, vitamins/minerals, dairy products (such as milk, yogurt), and calcium-enriched juice. These products bind with demeclocycline, preventing your body from fully absorbing the drug.The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. Children's dosage may also be based on weight.For the best effect, take this antibiotic at evenly spaced times. To help you remember, take this medication at the same time(s) every day.If you are taking this medication to treat an infection, continue to take it until the full prescribed amount is finished, even if symptoms disappear after a few days. Stopping the medication too early may result in a return of the infection.Tell your doctor if your condition lasts or gets worse. If you are using this medication to treat SIADH, you should notice an increase in the amount of urine within 5 days.
SIDE EFFECTS: Diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, lightheadedness, or rectal discomfort may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: darkening of the skin and other areas of the body (such as lips, inside of the mouth), difficult/painful swallowing, unusual increase in the amount of urine (except for the expected increase in urination if you are treating SIADH), unusual decrease in the amount of urine or no urine, unusual thirst, weakness, unusual tiredness, brown/gray tooth discoloration, hearing changes (such as ringing in the ears, decreased hearing), easy bruising/bleeding, new signs of infection (such as sore throat that doesn't go away, fever, chills), signs of liver disease (such as nausea/vomiting that doesn't stop, stomach/abdominal pain, yellowing eyes/skin, dark urine).Tetracycline drugs such as demeclocycline may rarely cause increased pressure around the brain (intracranial hypertension-IH). The risk of this side effect is greater for women of childbearing age who are overweight or who have had IH in the past. If IH develops, it usually goes away after demeclocycline is stopped; however, there is a chance of permanent vision loss or blindness. Get medical help right away if you have: nausea/vomiting that doesn't stop, headache that is severe or doesn't go away, vision changes (such as blurred/double vision, decreased vision, sudden blindness).This medication may rarely cause a severe intestinal condition due to a bacteria called C. difficile. This condition may occur during treatment or weeks to months after treatment has stopped. Tell your doctor right away if you develop: diarrhea that doesn't stop, abdominal or stomach pain/cramping, blood/mucus in your stool.If you have these symptoms, do not use anti-diarrhea or opioid products because they may make symptoms worse.Use of this medication for prolonged or repeated periods may result in oral thrush or a new vaginal yeast infection. Contact your doctor if you notice white patches in your mouth, a change in vaginal discharge, or other new symptoms.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, skin sores/blisters, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing, new or worsening swelling/pain in the joints, chest pain, fast/irregular heartbeat.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
PRECAUTIONS: See also Side Effects section.Before taking demeclocycline, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to other tetracycline medication (such as doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline); or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: kidney disease, liver disease, problems swallowing, esophagus problems (such as esophageal ulcers, hiatal hernia, acid reflux disease-GERD), lupus, a certain hormone imbalance called "water diabetes" (diabetes insipidus).This drug may make you dizzy. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Limit alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).Demeclocycline may cause live bacterial vaccines (such as typhoid vaccine) to not work well. Tell your health care professional that you are using demeclocycline before having any immunizations/vaccinations.This medication may make you more sensitive to the sun. Limit your time in the sun. Avoid tanning booths and sunlamps. Use sunscreen and wear protective clothing when outdoors. Get medical help right away if you get sunburned or have skin blisters/redness.Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).This medication should not be used by children younger than 8 years of age because it may cause permanent tooth discoloration and other problems. Tooth discoloration has also occurred in older children and young adults. Consult your doctor for more information.Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. You should not become pregnant while using demeclocycline. Demeclocycline may harm an unborn baby. If you become pregnant, talk to your doctor right away about the risks and benefits of this medication.This medication passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breastfeeding.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: See also How to Use section.Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.Some products that may interact with this drug are: retinoid medications taken by mouth (such as acitretin, isotretinoin), strontium.This medication may interfere with certain lab tests (such as some urine tests for sugar), possibly causing false test results. Make sure lab personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.
OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call 1-844-764-7669.
NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.This medication has been prescribed for your current condition only. Do not use it later for another infection unless your doctor tells you to.With long-term use or if this medication is used to treat SIADH, lab and/or medical tests (such as complete blood count, kidney/liver function, mineral levels) should be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.
MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.
STORAGE: Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Taking outdated demeclocycline can result in serious illness. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
Information last revised August 2024. Copyright(c) 2024 First Databank, Inc.
IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.
Formulary
Adding plans allows you to compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
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Adding plans allows you to:
- View the formulary and any restrictions for each plan.
- Manage and view all your plans together – even plans in different states.
- Compare formulary status to other drugs in the same class.
- Access your plan list on any device – mobile or desktop.
