Agricultural working machine are driven mainly by tractors. The drive transmission from the tract... more Agricultural working machine are driven mainly by tractors. The drive transmission from the tractor to the working machine is carried out using a cardan joint. During the exploitation, or more accurate during the work, depending on what the working machine is intended for, the shaft axis's movement between the drive and the working machine occurs or the appearance of greater work resistance. Under such operating conditions, higher stresses occurred. However, it is expected that in the extreme conditions of exploitation will be reliable. The main aim of this paper is to show stresses that occur during the operation using FEM analysis. Also, the application of modern materials for the production of cardan joints, such as structural steel, aluminium 6061-T6, Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb and E Glass Polyester Resin Composite are presented in the paper, and a comparison with cardan joints that are made of conventional materials, or more accurate that are made from steel is performed.
Proceedings of institute of engineers Part D,Journal of automobile engineering, 2019
A recent turbulence in the oil market, as well as the ever-decreasing stocks of fossil fuels, has... more A recent turbulence in the oil market, as well as the ever-decreasing stocks of fossil fuels, has led to growth of interest in various alternative technologies like automotive hybrid vehicles. Despite the rapid increase of markets of hybrid-electric vehicles, their scope for the Gulf Corporation Council region still needs to be explored further. Awareness about benefits of using hybrid-electric vehicles is fast spreading in the Gulf Corporation Council region and this has positive impacts both in terms of consumer satisfaction and reduction of environmental pollutants. The major aim of presented work is to explore the benefits of using hybrid vehicle technology in terms of savings in cost and reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Emissions savings were found to be in a range of 9-13%. Fuel savings per 100 km were in a range of 8-10 L. The presented work discusses various issues related to background, features, and components of hybrid vehicles. Trends in the design, energy management, component sizing, energy costs, greenhouse emissions, fuel economy, and performance of these vehicles have been analyzed. Further conclusions and recommendations have been made about these issues keeping in focus market trends in the Gulf Corporation Council region.
Noise and vibrations from an engine form important benchmarks from customer satisfaction view whi... more Noise and vibrations from an engine form important benchmarks from customer satisfaction view while choosing an automotive car. There are several sources of noise and vibrations emissions from an engine installed in a car. Some of these sources include: combustion noise, exhaust flow noise, aero dynamic noise as well as noise due to mechanical motion of parts etc. Each of these sources of noise depends on some factors which includes fuel injection parameters, design of engine, lubrication regime, operational parameters like speed and load. Motion of piston skirt form a major source of noise and vibrations in an automotive car. Apart from normal reciprocating motion of skirt, there can be secondary motion along the lateral direction. This motion is known as piston slapping motion. There are several factors that affect this lateral motion of skirt which includes the design of piston, type of lubrication as well as the speed of engine. In the present work a numerical model of lateral motion of skirt has been proposed. The proposed model was applied for a dual cylinder water cooled diesel engine. Effects of various design parameters like piston-liner clearance, skirt length, mass of skirt, and location of piston pin has been analyzed. The proposed methodology can be used to optimize the design of skirt in order to reduce the noise and vibration emissions arising due to lateral striking motion of skirt with liner.
14th International Conference on Vibration Problems, 2019
Noise and vibrations emitted from the structure of a combustion engine has contributions due to c... more Noise and vibrations emitted from the structure of a combustion engine has contributions due to combustion process, motion of parts, flow and exhaust etc. Combustion based noise has major contributions in noise emissions, hence it is important to analyze the combustion occurring inside the combustion chamber as well as overall structure of engine to improve performance of engines on various NVH benchmarks. The presented work discusses a methodology that may be used for analysis of in-cylinder pressure development for a gasoline engine. Efficient monitoring of combustion process is a key for regulating emissions form engine as well as achieving fuel economy. Relevant cyclic events occurring during course of operation of engine were extracted and identified using a novel mean frequency method. The proposed methodology may be used for structural modification of engine to improve its performance on various NVH benchmarks.
In addition to different kinds of pollutants emitted by the vehicles, noise can also negatively e... more In addition to different kinds of pollutants emitted by the vehicles, noise can also negatively effect on human health. It does not only threaten drivers, but also people living near major intersections and roads, as well as roads where traffic-flow is high. One of the biggest problems of the vehicle is the noise that occurs in the braking process. Despite the large scope of research into the development of brake systems, there are still no reliable procedures during the development phase to evaluate the robustness of these systems with respect to friction-induced vibrations. Therefore, the identification of the modal properties by using experimental methods has become even more important. Experimental and numerical modal analysis of the venting disc with radial ribs was performed in this paper. This approach enables the determination of the natural frequencies of the brake disc, as well as the verification of results obtained by the numerical methods. Changes in modal properties-resonance frequencies and modal damping values due to variation in operating conditions were also analysed.
Engines and pumps are essential for the smooth running of modern devices. Many of these are very ... more Engines and pumps are essential for the smooth running of modern devices. Many of these are very sophisticated and require infrastructure and high levels of technological competence to ensure their correct operation, e.g., some are computer controlled or others require clean hydrocarbon fuels. This work focuses on design, construction and testing of a simple device, which has the ability to pump water and can be easily manufactured, without any special tooling or exotic materials, powered from either the combustion of organic matter or directly from solar heating. The device is a liquid piston engine, in which the fluctuating pressure is harnessed to pump a liquid (water). A simple embodiment of this engine has been designed and constructed. It was tested and recommendations on improvements have been made. The underlying theory of the device is also presented and discussed.
The aim of this work is to develop various analytical models for studying the piston slapping mot... more The aim of this work is to develop various analytical models for studying the piston slapping motion. The results of various methods are compared to the experimental results using block vibrations measurements on a diesel engine test rig. Both results correlate, validating the considered theoretical methods.
Analytical motion of piston secondary motion with an experimental verification for a diesel engin... more Analytical motion of piston secondary motion with an experimental verification for a diesel engine has been presented. Modeling of the piston secondary motion is carried out and simulation is performed. In this method, both dynamic characteristics of the part of piston skirt and cylinder liner are taken into consideration. As compared the simulated results with the experimental results, the validity of presented model has been confirmed and this numerical model is effective to comprehend the piston slap secondary motion.
Analysis of noise level from engines is important from point of view of customer satisfaction. Ac... more Analysis of noise level from engines is important from point of view of customer satisfaction. Accurate prediction of noise is important for planning, design and target setting decisions for meeting customer satisfaction goals. In this work an analytic model has been described to break diesel engine noise data into various components in order to plan a strategy for condition monitoring of engine.
In this work combustion noise produced in diesel engines has been investigated. In order to reduc... more In this work combustion noise produced in diesel engines has been investigated. In order to reduce the exhaust emissions various injection parameters need to be studied and optimized. The combustion noise has been investigated by means on in cylinder pressure measurements using piezo electric transducers. The noise has been evaluated for a 440 cc diesel engine mounted on test rig. The engine was run under various operating conditions varying various injection parameters .
The aim of this work is to develop various analytical models for studying the piston slapping mot... more The aim of this work is to develop various analytical models for studying the piston slapping motion. The results of various methods are compared to the experimental results using block vibrations measurements on a diesel engine test rig. Both results correlate, validating the considered theoretical methods.
Biodiesel from jatropha, neem and cottonseed were produced and their compositions were analyzed
u... more Biodiesel from jatropha, neem and cottonseed were produced and their compositions were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. The results revealed that the jatropha, neem and cottonseed oils are reliable sources of biodiesel and are renewable, and hence have a potential to partially meet energy demands in an eco-friendly manner. The biodiesels produced from jatropha contained 91.97% methyl ester, and that produced from neem contained 70.2% methyl ester, whereas that produced from cotton contained 89.75% methyl ester.The greater proportion of prolific ester in the jatropha biodiesel is mono-saturated methyl octa-decanoate which contributes 53.44% by volume. This ester has the tendency of assigning stability to biodiesel. For neem-based biodiesel, the profile evaluation revealed that octadecanoic acid methyl ester is the dominant compound in the mixture with 54.69% by volume. For cotton, the profile revealed that the methyl octadecenoate (C19H36O2) is the predominant compound in the mixture, having the highest percentage of 17.72%. The physico-chemical analyses of the three biodiesels has indicated that the three conform with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards for specific gravity, viscosity, acid value, cold flow properties and sulfur content, and hence are suitable for use in compression ignition engines. Statistical analyses confirmed that there was no significant difference between the experimental values of all the physico-chemical properties investigated; therefore, the experimental data is validated
The aim of this paper is to study the results obtained from a common rail dual cylinder diesel en... more The aim of this paper is to study the results obtained from a common rail dual cylinder diesel engine. Modern methodology involves the use of non-intrusive techniques of cylinder pressure measurements using sensors installed in the engine test rig. This work analysis the experiments carried out on a dual cylinder diesel engine .The results obtained are analysed to develop the relationship between the cylinder pressure levels and noise emitted from engine. Multiple injection process in diesel engines; engine test rig setup; cylinder pressure levels, noise levels; PSD plots for cylinder pressure signals, PSD plots for cylinder noise signal, PSD plots for cylinder pressure derivative signals for 1600, 2000 RPM; in cylinder pressure spectrogram at 1600 RPM, 100% load; motored cylinder pressure spectrogram at 1600 RPM; cylinder pressure and noise emission spectrograms; piston slap noise emissions, valve noise emissions and valve noise emissions spectrograms; and correlation between cylinder pressure and radiated noise levels are presented in the paper.
International journal of acoustics and vibrations, 2018
The motion of the piston pin plays an important role in the secondary motion of the skirt, and in... more The motion of the piston pin plays an important role in the secondary motion of the skirt, and in the resulting noise and vibration features of combustion engines. In the engine, the small gap between the piston skirt and the cylinder liner allows a small movement of the piston in a lateral direction, in addition to the reciprocating motion of the piston during operation of the engine. Although the piston is held in its cylinder bore by means of piston rings, there is a small gap between the rings and the grooves, and hence it is free to move within this gap. The existence of the piston-liner gap puts a limit on the amplitude of piston motion, but not on the degree of freedom in the lateral, as well as the reciprocating, motion. This work discusses a numerical model of the lateral motion of the skirt. Dynamic parameters of the skirt were used to analyse this motion. Further, COMSOL-7 Multiphysics was used to simulate the motion of the skirt. Both the simulation and the experiment showed a good correlation.
21st International Symposium on Nonlinear Acoustics, 2018
Noise emissions from engines are important from perspective of customers choice. These emissions ... more Noise emissions from engines are important from perspective of customers choice. These emissions are composed of different components which include combustion based noise, aerodynamic flow noise, mechanical noise etc. In this work, artificial sounds generated by combustion engines have been synthesized using combination of combustion based and mechanical noise. The motion based noise was generated by summation of harmonic components at various crank speeds. The combustion noise was analyzed by spectral features of filtered signals. The sound signals thus generated were subjected to further evaluation by a jury of subjects.
International Journal of vehicle noise and vibrations, 2018
Structure of an engine plays a key role in its performance on various NVH benchmarks. Materials u... more Structure of an engine plays a key role in its performance on various NVH benchmarks. Materials used to manufacture engine casing quantifies noise emissions. Previous studies have pointed out towards the nonlinear and time variant nature of sound attenuation properties of an engine. The presented works aims to investigate the sound transfer function of a medium stroke gasoline engine. Data was acquired from a gasoline engine test rig to study the relationship between in cylinder pressure development and the resulting radiated noise. The spectrum of noise emissions acquired was compared with the spectrum of in cylinder pressure developed using cepstrum analysis in order to obtain the transfer function. This function, which represents the structural attenuation of an engine, is mainly dependent on the shape of combustion chamber, fuel injection parameters and material properties of engine structure. The test engine was operated at various conditions to see effects on the acoustics transfer function. Variations in the sound pressure levels (SPL) of transfer function were found to be almost same, in spite of variations in engine testing conditions. The major novelty of the discussed methodology shows versatility of application of cepstrum analysis technique which has been previously used for non-intrusive fault diagnosis methodology.
This article has described how a 4-cylinder compression ignition engine model was developed in GT... more This article has described how a 4-cylinder compression ignition engine model was developed in GT-Suite software interface with acknowledged specifications of an existing engine fleet using the GT-Power modelling software. Fuel properties of different biodiesel fuels from the literature were extracted, reviewed, computed and their mean values were fed into simulated engine modelled. The simulation of engine recital in GT-power established that biodiesel fuels produced lower carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and Sulphur dioxide emissions than diesel. The Sulphur dioxide emissions have no significance for all the biofuels. The simulation of the secondary fuel data revealed that, highest brake specific fuel consumption was depicted by castor followed by coconut and then tallow. The highest brake mean effective pressure was achieved during the simulation of the CI engine performance with sun flower, tallow, waste cooking oil and soy biodiesels correspondingly. The highest brake thermal efficiency values were depicted by soy, sun flower, palm and safflower in descending order.
Agricultural working machine are driven mainly by tractors. The drive transmission from the tract... more Agricultural working machine are driven mainly by tractors. The drive transmission from the tractor to the working machine is carried out using a cardan joint. During the exploitation, or more accurate during the work, depending on what the working machine is intended for, the shaft axis's movement between the drive and the working machine occurs or the appearance of greater work resistance. Under such operating conditions, higher stresses occurred. However, it is expected that in the extreme conditions of exploitation will be reliable. The main aim of this paper is to show stresses that occur during the operation using FEM analysis. Also, the application of modern materials for the production of cardan joints, such as structural steel, aluminium 6061-T6, Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb and E Glass Polyester Resin Composite are presented in the paper, and a comparison with cardan joints that are made of conventional materials, or more accurate that are made from steel is performed.
Proceedings of institute of engineers Part D,Journal of automobile engineering, 2019
A recent turbulence in the oil market, as well as the ever-decreasing stocks of fossil fuels, has... more A recent turbulence in the oil market, as well as the ever-decreasing stocks of fossil fuels, has led to growth of interest in various alternative technologies like automotive hybrid vehicles. Despite the rapid increase of markets of hybrid-electric vehicles, their scope for the Gulf Corporation Council region still needs to be explored further. Awareness about benefits of using hybrid-electric vehicles is fast spreading in the Gulf Corporation Council region and this has positive impacts both in terms of consumer satisfaction and reduction of environmental pollutants. The major aim of presented work is to explore the benefits of using hybrid vehicle technology in terms of savings in cost and reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Emissions savings were found to be in a range of 9-13%. Fuel savings per 100 km were in a range of 8-10 L. The presented work discusses various issues related to background, features, and components of hybrid vehicles. Trends in the design, energy management, component sizing, energy costs, greenhouse emissions, fuel economy, and performance of these vehicles have been analyzed. Further conclusions and recommendations have been made about these issues keeping in focus market trends in the Gulf Corporation Council region.
Noise and vibrations from an engine form important benchmarks from customer satisfaction view whi... more Noise and vibrations from an engine form important benchmarks from customer satisfaction view while choosing an automotive car. There are several sources of noise and vibrations emissions from an engine installed in a car. Some of these sources include: combustion noise, exhaust flow noise, aero dynamic noise as well as noise due to mechanical motion of parts etc. Each of these sources of noise depends on some factors which includes fuel injection parameters, design of engine, lubrication regime, operational parameters like speed and load. Motion of piston skirt form a major source of noise and vibrations in an automotive car. Apart from normal reciprocating motion of skirt, there can be secondary motion along the lateral direction. This motion is known as piston slapping motion. There are several factors that affect this lateral motion of skirt which includes the design of piston, type of lubrication as well as the speed of engine. In the present work a numerical model of lateral motion of skirt has been proposed. The proposed model was applied for a dual cylinder water cooled diesel engine. Effects of various design parameters like piston-liner clearance, skirt length, mass of skirt, and location of piston pin has been analyzed. The proposed methodology can be used to optimize the design of skirt in order to reduce the noise and vibration emissions arising due to lateral striking motion of skirt with liner.
14th International Conference on Vibration Problems, 2019
Noise and vibrations emitted from the structure of a combustion engine has contributions due to c... more Noise and vibrations emitted from the structure of a combustion engine has contributions due to combustion process, motion of parts, flow and exhaust etc. Combustion based noise has major contributions in noise emissions, hence it is important to analyze the combustion occurring inside the combustion chamber as well as overall structure of engine to improve performance of engines on various NVH benchmarks. The presented work discusses a methodology that may be used for analysis of in-cylinder pressure development for a gasoline engine. Efficient monitoring of combustion process is a key for regulating emissions form engine as well as achieving fuel economy. Relevant cyclic events occurring during course of operation of engine were extracted and identified using a novel mean frequency method. The proposed methodology may be used for structural modification of engine to improve its performance on various NVH benchmarks.
In addition to different kinds of pollutants emitted by the vehicles, noise can also negatively e... more In addition to different kinds of pollutants emitted by the vehicles, noise can also negatively effect on human health. It does not only threaten drivers, but also people living near major intersections and roads, as well as roads where traffic-flow is high. One of the biggest problems of the vehicle is the noise that occurs in the braking process. Despite the large scope of research into the development of brake systems, there are still no reliable procedures during the development phase to evaluate the robustness of these systems with respect to friction-induced vibrations. Therefore, the identification of the modal properties by using experimental methods has become even more important. Experimental and numerical modal analysis of the venting disc with radial ribs was performed in this paper. This approach enables the determination of the natural frequencies of the brake disc, as well as the verification of results obtained by the numerical methods. Changes in modal properties-resonance frequencies and modal damping values due to variation in operating conditions were also analysed.
Engines and pumps are essential for the smooth running of modern devices. Many of these are very ... more Engines and pumps are essential for the smooth running of modern devices. Many of these are very sophisticated and require infrastructure and high levels of technological competence to ensure their correct operation, e.g., some are computer controlled or others require clean hydrocarbon fuels. This work focuses on design, construction and testing of a simple device, which has the ability to pump water and can be easily manufactured, without any special tooling or exotic materials, powered from either the combustion of organic matter or directly from solar heating. The device is a liquid piston engine, in which the fluctuating pressure is harnessed to pump a liquid (water). A simple embodiment of this engine has been designed and constructed. It was tested and recommendations on improvements have been made. The underlying theory of the device is also presented and discussed.
The aim of this work is to develop various analytical models for studying the piston slapping mot... more The aim of this work is to develop various analytical models for studying the piston slapping motion. The results of various methods are compared to the experimental results using block vibrations measurements on a diesel engine test rig. Both results correlate, validating the considered theoretical methods.
Analytical motion of piston secondary motion with an experimental verification for a diesel engin... more Analytical motion of piston secondary motion with an experimental verification for a diesel engine has been presented. Modeling of the piston secondary motion is carried out and simulation is performed. In this method, both dynamic characteristics of the part of piston skirt and cylinder liner are taken into consideration. As compared the simulated results with the experimental results, the validity of presented model has been confirmed and this numerical model is effective to comprehend the piston slap secondary motion.
Analysis of noise level from engines is important from point of view of customer satisfaction. Ac... more Analysis of noise level from engines is important from point of view of customer satisfaction. Accurate prediction of noise is important for planning, design and target setting decisions for meeting customer satisfaction goals. In this work an analytic model has been described to break diesel engine noise data into various components in order to plan a strategy for condition monitoring of engine.
In this work combustion noise produced in diesel engines has been investigated. In order to reduc... more In this work combustion noise produced in diesel engines has been investigated. In order to reduce the exhaust emissions various injection parameters need to be studied and optimized. The combustion noise has been investigated by means on in cylinder pressure measurements using piezo electric transducers. The noise has been evaluated for a 440 cc diesel engine mounted on test rig. The engine was run under various operating conditions varying various injection parameters .
The aim of this work is to develop various analytical models for studying the piston slapping mot... more The aim of this work is to develop various analytical models for studying the piston slapping motion. The results of various methods are compared to the experimental results using block vibrations measurements on a diesel engine test rig. Both results correlate, validating the considered theoretical methods.
Biodiesel from jatropha, neem and cottonseed were produced and their compositions were analyzed
u... more Biodiesel from jatropha, neem and cottonseed were produced and their compositions were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. The results revealed that the jatropha, neem and cottonseed oils are reliable sources of biodiesel and are renewable, and hence have a potential to partially meet energy demands in an eco-friendly manner. The biodiesels produced from jatropha contained 91.97% methyl ester, and that produced from neem contained 70.2% methyl ester, whereas that produced from cotton contained 89.75% methyl ester.The greater proportion of prolific ester in the jatropha biodiesel is mono-saturated methyl octa-decanoate which contributes 53.44% by volume. This ester has the tendency of assigning stability to biodiesel. For neem-based biodiesel, the profile evaluation revealed that octadecanoic acid methyl ester is the dominant compound in the mixture with 54.69% by volume. For cotton, the profile revealed that the methyl octadecenoate (C19H36O2) is the predominant compound in the mixture, having the highest percentage of 17.72%. The physico-chemical analyses of the three biodiesels has indicated that the three conform with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards for specific gravity, viscosity, acid value, cold flow properties and sulfur content, and hence are suitable for use in compression ignition engines. Statistical analyses confirmed that there was no significant difference between the experimental values of all the physico-chemical properties investigated; therefore, the experimental data is validated
The aim of this paper is to study the results obtained from a common rail dual cylinder diesel en... more The aim of this paper is to study the results obtained from a common rail dual cylinder diesel engine. Modern methodology involves the use of non-intrusive techniques of cylinder pressure measurements using sensors installed in the engine test rig. This work analysis the experiments carried out on a dual cylinder diesel engine .The results obtained are analysed to develop the relationship between the cylinder pressure levels and noise emitted from engine. Multiple injection process in diesel engines; engine test rig setup; cylinder pressure levels, noise levels; PSD plots for cylinder pressure signals, PSD plots for cylinder noise signal, PSD plots for cylinder pressure derivative signals for 1600, 2000 RPM; in cylinder pressure spectrogram at 1600 RPM, 100% load; motored cylinder pressure spectrogram at 1600 RPM; cylinder pressure and noise emission spectrograms; piston slap noise emissions, valve noise emissions and valve noise emissions spectrograms; and correlation between cylinder pressure and radiated noise levels are presented in the paper.
International journal of acoustics and vibrations, 2018
The motion of the piston pin plays an important role in the secondary motion of the skirt, and in... more The motion of the piston pin plays an important role in the secondary motion of the skirt, and in the resulting noise and vibration features of combustion engines. In the engine, the small gap between the piston skirt and the cylinder liner allows a small movement of the piston in a lateral direction, in addition to the reciprocating motion of the piston during operation of the engine. Although the piston is held in its cylinder bore by means of piston rings, there is a small gap between the rings and the grooves, and hence it is free to move within this gap. The existence of the piston-liner gap puts a limit on the amplitude of piston motion, but not on the degree of freedom in the lateral, as well as the reciprocating, motion. This work discusses a numerical model of the lateral motion of the skirt. Dynamic parameters of the skirt were used to analyse this motion. Further, COMSOL-7 Multiphysics was used to simulate the motion of the skirt. Both the simulation and the experiment showed a good correlation.
21st International Symposium on Nonlinear Acoustics, 2018
Noise emissions from engines are important from perspective of customers choice. These emissions ... more Noise emissions from engines are important from perspective of customers choice. These emissions are composed of different components which include combustion based noise, aerodynamic flow noise, mechanical noise etc. In this work, artificial sounds generated by combustion engines have been synthesized using combination of combustion based and mechanical noise. The motion based noise was generated by summation of harmonic components at various crank speeds. The combustion noise was analyzed by spectral features of filtered signals. The sound signals thus generated were subjected to further evaluation by a jury of subjects.
International Journal of vehicle noise and vibrations, 2018
Structure of an engine plays a key role in its performance on various NVH benchmarks. Materials u... more Structure of an engine plays a key role in its performance on various NVH benchmarks. Materials used to manufacture engine casing quantifies noise emissions. Previous studies have pointed out towards the nonlinear and time variant nature of sound attenuation properties of an engine. The presented works aims to investigate the sound transfer function of a medium stroke gasoline engine. Data was acquired from a gasoline engine test rig to study the relationship between in cylinder pressure development and the resulting radiated noise. The spectrum of noise emissions acquired was compared with the spectrum of in cylinder pressure developed using cepstrum analysis in order to obtain the transfer function. This function, which represents the structural attenuation of an engine, is mainly dependent on the shape of combustion chamber, fuel injection parameters and material properties of engine structure. The test engine was operated at various conditions to see effects on the acoustics transfer function. Variations in the sound pressure levels (SPL) of transfer function were found to be almost same, in spite of variations in engine testing conditions. The major novelty of the discussed methodology shows versatility of application of cepstrum analysis technique which has been previously used for non-intrusive fault diagnosis methodology.
This article has described how a 4-cylinder compression ignition engine model was developed in GT... more This article has described how a 4-cylinder compression ignition engine model was developed in GT-Suite software interface with acknowledged specifications of an existing engine fleet using the GT-Power modelling software. Fuel properties of different biodiesel fuels from the literature were extracted, reviewed, computed and their mean values were fed into simulated engine modelled. The simulation of engine recital in GT-power established that biodiesel fuels produced lower carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and Sulphur dioxide emissions than diesel. The Sulphur dioxide emissions have no significance for all the biofuels. The simulation of the secondary fuel data revealed that, highest brake specific fuel consumption was depicted by castor followed by coconut and then tallow. The highest brake mean effective pressure was achieved during the simulation of the CI engine performance with sun flower, tallow, waste cooking oil and soy biodiesels correspondingly. The highest brake thermal efficiency values were depicted by soy, sun flower, palm and safflower in descending order.
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Papers by s. narayan
shaft axis's movement between the drive and the working machine occurs or the appearance of greater work resistance. Under such operating conditions, higher stresses occurred. However,
it is expected that in the extreme conditions of exploitation will be reliable. The main aim of this paper is to show stresses that occur during the operation using FEM analysis. Also, the application of modern materials for the production of cardan joints, such as structural steel,
aluminium 6061-T6, Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb and E Glass Polyester Resin Composite are presented in the paper, and a comparison with cardan joints that are made of conventional materials, or more accurate that are made from steel is performed.
The presented work discusses a methodology that may be used for analysis of in-cylinder pressure development for a gasoline engine. Efficient monitoring of combustion process is a key for regulating emissions form engine as well as achieving fuel economy. Relevant cyclic events occurring during course of operation of engine were extracted and identified using a novel mean frequency method. The proposed methodology may be used for structural modification of engine to improve its performance on various NVH benchmarks.
using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. The results revealed that the jatropha, neem
and cottonseed oils are reliable sources of biodiesel and are renewable, and hence have a potential
to partially meet energy demands in an eco-friendly manner. The biodiesels produced from
jatropha contained 91.97% methyl ester, and that produced from neem contained 70.2% methyl
ester, whereas that produced from cotton contained 89.75% methyl ester.The greater proportion
of prolific ester in the jatropha biodiesel is mono-saturated methyl octa-decanoate which
contributes 53.44% by volume. This ester has the tendency of assigning stability to biodiesel. For
neem-based biodiesel, the profile evaluation revealed that octadecanoic acid methyl ester is the
dominant compound in the mixture with 54.69% by volume. For cotton, the profile revealed that
the methyl octadecenoate (C19H36O2) is the predominant compound in the mixture, having the
highest percentage of 17.72%. The physico-chemical analyses of the three biodiesels has indicated
that the three conform with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards for
specific gravity, viscosity, acid value, cold flow properties and sulfur content, and hence are
suitable for use in compression ignition engines. Statistical analyses confirmed that there was no
significant difference between the experimental values of all the physico-chemical properties investigated;
therefore, the experimental data is validated
shaft axis's movement between the drive and the working machine occurs or the appearance of greater work resistance. Under such operating conditions, higher stresses occurred. However,
it is expected that in the extreme conditions of exploitation will be reliable. The main aim of this paper is to show stresses that occur during the operation using FEM analysis. Also, the application of modern materials for the production of cardan joints, such as structural steel,
aluminium 6061-T6, Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb and E Glass Polyester Resin Composite are presented in the paper, and a comparison with cardan joints that are made of conventional materials, or more accurate that are made from steel is performed.
The presented work discusses a methodology that may be used for analysis of in-cylinder pressure development for a gasoline engine. Efficient monitoring of combustion process is a key for regulating emissions form engine as well as achieving fuel economy. Relevant cyclic events occurring during course of operation of engine were extracted and identified using a novel mean frequency method. The proposed methodology may be used for structural modification of engine to improve its performance on various NVH benchmarks.
using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. The results revealed that the jatropha, neem
and cottonseed oils are reliable sources of biodiesel and are renewable, and hence have a potential
to partially meet energy demands in an eco-friendly manner. The biodiesels produced from
jatropha contained 91.97% methyl ester, and that produced from neem contained 70.2% methyl
ester, whereas that produced from cotton contained 89.75% methyl ester.The greater proportion
of prolific ester in the jatropha biodiesel is mono-saturated methyl octa-decanoate which
contributes 53.44% by volume. This ester has the tendency of assigning stability to biodiesel. For
neem-based biodiesel, the profile evaluation revealed that octadecanoic acid methyl ester is the
dominant compound in the mixture with 54.69% by volume. For cotton, the profile revealed that
the methyl octadecenoate (C19H36O2) is the predominant compound in the mixture, having the
highest percentage of 17.72%. The physico-chemical analyses of the three biodiesels has indicated
that the three conform with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards for
specific gravity, viscosity, acid value, cold flow properties and sulfur content, and hence are
suitable for use in compression ignition engines. Statistical analyses confirmed that there was no
significant difference between the experimental values of all the physico-chemical properties investigated;
therefore, the experimental data is validated