In this paper, impact loading results from numerical simulations of plain concrete (PC) and fiber... more In this paper, impact loading results from numerical simulations of plain concrete (PC) and fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) are compared with experimental testing data, which were based on a testing procedure recommended by ACI committee 544. Concrete specimens were prepared with two waterecement ratios 0.36 and 0.46. Hooked-end steel fibers with an aspect ratio equal of 80 at 0.5% and 1% volume fractions and polypropylene fibers at 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5% volume fractions were used. Both the numerical and experimental analysis results indicated that increasing the fiber volume fraction increased the impact resistance of the concrete specimens. The impact resistance increase was greater for normal-strength than that for high-strength concrete. The results also demonstrated that steel fibers are more effective at increasing impact resistance than polypropylene fibers.
In recent years, an emerging technology termed, ''High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (HPF... more In recent years, an emerging technology termed, ''High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (HPFRC)'' has become popular in the construction industry. The materials used in HPFRC depend on the desired characteristics and the availability of suitable local economic alternative materials. Concrete is a common building material, generally weak in tension, often ridden with cracks due to plastic and drying shrinkage. The introduction of short discrete fibers into the concrete can be used to counteract and prevent the propagation of cracks. Despite an increase in interest to use HPFRC in concrete structures, some doubts still remain regarding the effect of fibers on the properties of concrete. This paper presents the most comprehensive review to date on the mechanical, physical, and durability-related features of concrete. Specifically, this literature review aims to provide a comprehensive review of the mechanism of crack formation and propagation, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, stress– strain behavior, tensile strength (TS), flexural strength, drying shrinkage, creep, electrical resistance, and chloride migration resistance of HPFRC. In general, the addition of fibers in high-performance concrete has been proven to improve the mechanical properties of concrete, particularly the TS, flexural strength, and ductility performance. Furthermore, incorporation of fibers in concrete results in reductions in the shrinkage and creep deformations of concrete. However, it has been shown that fibers may also have negative effects on some properties of concrete, such as the workability, which get reduced with the addition of steel fibers. The addition of fibers, particularly steel fibers, due to their conductivity leads to a significant reduction in the electrical resistivity of the concrete, and it also results in some reduction in the chloride penetration resistance of the concrete.
This study investigates the effect of the addition of steel and polypropylene fibers on the mecha... more This study investigates the effect of the addition of steel and polypropylene fibers on the mechanical and some durability properties of high-strength concrete (HSC). Hooked-end steel fibers with a 60-mm length were used at four different fiber volume fractions of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.0%. Polypropylene fibers with a 12-mm length were used at the content of 0.15%, 0.30%, and 0.45%. Some mixtures were produced with the combination of steel and polypropylene fibers at a total fiber volume fraction of 1.0% by volume of concrete, in order to study the effect of fiber hybridization. All the fiber-reinforced concretes contained 10% silica fume as a cement replacement. The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, electrical resistivity, and water absorption of the concrete mixes were examined. Results of the experimental study indicate that addition of silica fume improves both mechanical and durability properties of plain concrete. The results also indicate that incorporation of steel and polypropylene fibers improved the mechanical properties of HSC at each volume fraction considered in this study. Furthermore, it was observed that the addition of 1% steel fiber significantly enhanced the splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of concrete. Among different combinations of steel and polypropylene fibers investigated, the best performance was attained by a mixture that contained 0.85% steel and 0.15% polypropylene fiber. Finally, the results show that introducing fibers to concrete resulted in a decrease in water absorption and, depending on the type of fibers, significant or slight reduction in the electrical resistivity of concrete compared to those of the companion plain concrete.
The long-term compressive strength and durability properties of concrete specimens produced by in... more The long-term compressive strength and durability properties of concrete specimens produced by incorporating polypropylene fibers and silica fume were investigated. Silica fume, a cement replacement, was used at 8% (by weight of cement) and the volume fractions of the polypropylene fibers were 0%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5%. Water-binder ratios were 0.46 and 0.36. The results indicate that the inclusion of fiber and particularly silica fume into the specimens led to an increased long-term compressive strength. Electrical resistance of the silica fume specimens improved remarkably, but decreased slightly due to the fiber inclusion. Water absorption of the fiber–silica fume specimens decreased exclusively compared to the reference samples. Inclusion of fiber and silica fume into the specimens had no considerable effect on the dynamic frequency results.
When silica fume was used as a cement replacement, it enhanced the effectiveness of added steel f... more When silica fume was used as a cement replacement, it enhanced the effectiveness of added steel fibre on the properties of concrete. Three different steel fibres were used at 0.0%, 0.5% and 1.0% by volume of concrete. Silica fume was introduced at 8% by weight of cement into the concrete mixtures that were made with water–cement ratios of 0.46 and 0.36. The early- and later-stage compressive strength, the electrical resistivity, the water absorption and the dynamic frequency of the specimens were examined. The results indicate that the inclusion of steel fibre in silica fume specimens led to the highest long-term compressive strength and the lowest resistivity. Furthermore, an improvement in the dynamic frequency and a decrease in water absorption were attained in 1% steel fibre silica fume specimens.
In this paper, impact loading results from numerical simulations of plain concrete (PC) and fiber... more In this paper, impact loading results from numerical simulations of plain concrete (PC) and fiberreinforced concrete (FRC) are compared with experimental testing data, which were based on a testing procedure recommended by ACI committee 544. Concrete specimens were prepared with two waterecement ratios 0.36 and 0.46. Hooked-end steel fibers with an aspect ratio equal of 80 at 0.5% and 1% volume fractions and polypropylene fibers at 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5% volume fractions were used. Both the numerical and experimental analysis results indicated that increasing the fiber volume fraction increased the impact resistance of the concrete specimens. The impact resistance increase was greater for normalstrength than that for high-strength concrete. The results also demonstrated that steel fibers are more effective at increasing impact resistance than polypropylene fibers.
In this paper, impact loading results from numerical simulations of plain concrete (PC) and fiber... more In this paper, impact loading results from numerical simulations of plain concrete (PC) and fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) are compared with experimental testing data, which were based on a testing procedure recommended by ACI committee 544. Concrete specimens were prepared with two waterecement ratios 0.36 and 0.46. Hooked-end steel fibers with an aspect ratio equal of 80 at 0.5% and 1% volume fractions and polypropylene fibers at 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5% volume fractions were used. Both the numerical and experimental analysis results indicated that increasing the fiber volume fraction increased the impact resistance of the concrete specimens. The impact resistance increase was greater for normal-strength than that for high-strength concrete. The results also demonstrated that steel fibers are more effective at increasing impact resistance than polypropylene fibers.
In recent years, an emerging technology termed, ''High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (HPF... more In recent years, an emerging technology termed, ''High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (HPFRC)'' has become popular in the construction industry. The materials used in HPFRC depend on the desired characteristics and the availability of suitable local economic alternative materials. Concrete is a common building material, generally weak in tension, often ridden with cracks due to plastic and drying shrinkage. The introduction of short discrete fibers into the concrete can be used to counteract and prevent the propagation of cracks. Despite an increase in interest to use HPFRC in concrete structures, some doubts still remain regarding the effect of fibers on the properties of concrete. This paper presents the most comprehensive review to date on the mechanical, physical, and durability-related features of concrete. Specifically, this literature review aims to provide a comprehensive review of the mechanism of crack formation and propagation, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, stress– strain behavior, tensile strength (TS), flexural strength, drying shrinkage, creep, electrical resistance, and chloride migration resistance of HPFRC. In general, the addition of fibers in high-performance concrete has been proven to improve the mechanical properties of concrete, particularly the TS, flexural strength, and ductility performance. Furthermore, incorporation of fibers in concrete results in reductions in the shrinkage and creep deformations of concrete. However, it has been shown that fibers may also have negative effects on some properties of concrete, such as the workability, which get reduced with the addition of steel fibers. The addition of fibers, particularly steel fibers, due to their conductivity leads to a significant reduction in the electrical resistivity of the concrete, and it also results in some reduction in the chloride penetration resistance of the concrete.
This study investigates the effect of the addition of steel and polypropylene fibers on the mecha... more This study investigates the effect of the addition of steel and polypropylene fibers on the mechanical and some durability properties of high-strength concrete (HSC). Hooked-end steel fibers with a 60-mm length were used at four different fiber volume fractions of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.0%. Polypropylene fibers with a 12-mm length were used at the content of 0.15%, 0.30%, and 0.45%. Some mixtures were produced with the combination of steel and polypropylene fibers at a total fiber volume fraction of 1.0% by volume of concrete, in order to study the effect of fiber hybridization. All the fiber-reinforced concretes contained 10% silica fume as a cement replacement. The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, electrical resistivity, and water absorption of the concrete mixes were examined. Results of the experimental study indicate that addition of silica fume improves both mechanical and durability properties of plain concrete. The results also indicate that incorporation of steel and polypropylene fibers improved the mechanical properties of HSC at each volume fraction considered in this study. Furthermore, it was observed that the addition of 1% steel fiber significantly enhanced the splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of concrete. Among different combinations of steel and polypropylene fibers investigated, the best performance was attained by a mixture that contained 0.85% steel and 0.15% polypropylene fiber. Finally, the results show that introducing fibers to concrete resulted in a decrease in water absorption and, depending on the type of fibers, significant or slight reduction in the electrical resistivity of concrete compared to those of the companion plain concrete.
The long-term compressive strength and durability properties of concrete specimens produced by in... more The long-term compressive strength and durability properties of concrete specimens produced by incorporating polypropylene fibers and silica fume were investigated. Silica fume, a cement replacement, was used at 8% (by weight of cement) and the volume fractions of the polypropylene fibers were 0%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5%. Water-binder ratios were 0.46 and 0.36. The results indicate that the inclusion of fiber and particularly silica fume into the specimens led to an increased long-term compressive strength. Electrical resistance of the silica fume specimens improved remarkably, but decreased slightly due to the fiber inclusion. Water absorption of the fiber–silica fume specimens decreased exclusively compared to the reference samples. Inclusion of fiber and silica fume into the specimens had no considerable effect on the dynamic frequency results.
When silica fume was used as a cement replacement, it enhanced the effectiveness of added steel f... more When silica fume was used as a cement replacement, it enhanced the effectiveness of added steel fibre on the properties of concrete. Three different steel fibres were used at 0.0%, 0.5% and 1.0% by volume of concrete. Silica fume was introduced at 8% by weight of cement into the concrete mixtures that were made with water–cement ratios of 0.46 and 0.36. The early- and later-stage compressive strength, the electrical resistivity, the water absorption and the dynamic frequency of the specimens were examined. The results indicate that the inclusion of steel fibre in silica fume specimens led to the highest long-term compressive strength and the lowest resistivity. Furthermore, an improvement in the dynamic frequency and a decrease in water absorption were attained in 1% steel fibre silica fume specimens.
In this paper, impact loading results from numerical simulations of plain concrete (PC) and fiber... more In this paper, impact loading results from numerical simulations of plain concrete (PC) and fiberreinforced concrete (FRC) are compared with experimental testing data, which were based on a testing procedure recommended by ACI committee 544. Concrete specimens were prepared with two waterecement ratios 0.36 and 0.46. Hooked-end steel fibers with an aspect ratio equal of 80 at 0.5% and 1% volume fractions and polypropylene fibers at 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5% volume fractions were used. Both the numerical and experimental analysis results indicated that increasing the fiber volume fraction increased the impact resistance of the concrete specimens. The impact resistance increase was greater for normalstrength than that for high-strength concrete. The results also demonstrated that steel fibers are more effective at increasing impact resistance than polypropylene fibers.
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some durability properties of high-strength concrete (HSC). Hooked-end steel fibers with a 60-mm length
were used at four different fiber volume fractions of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.0%. Polypropylene fibers
with a 12-mm length were used at the content of 0.15%, 0.30%, and 0.45%. Some mixtures were produced
with the combination of steel and polypropylene fibers at a total fiber volume fraction of 1.0% by volume
of concrete, in order to study the effect of fiber hybridization. All the fiber-reinforced concretes contained
10% silica fume as a cement replacement. The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural
strength, electrical resistivity, and water absorption of the concrete mixes were examined. Results of
the experimental study indicate that addition of silica fume improves both mechanical and durability
properties of plain concrete. The results also indicate that incorporation of steel and polypropylene fibers
improved the mechanical properties of HSC at each volume fraction considered in this study.
Furthermore, it was observed that the addition of 1% steel fiber significantly enhanced the splitting tensile
strength and flexural strength of concrete. Among different combinations of steel and polypropylene
fibers investigated, the best performance was attained by a mixture that contained 0.85% steel and 0.15%
polypropylene fiber. Finally, the results show that introducing fibers to concrete resulted in a decrease in
water absorption and, depending on the type of fibers, significant or slight reduction in the electrical
resistivity of concrete compared to those of the companion plain concrete.
polypropylene fibers and silica fume were investigated. Silica fume, a cement replacement, was
used at 8% (by weight of cement) and the volume fractions of the polypropylene fibers were 0%, 0.2%,
0.3% and 0.5%. Water-binder ratios were 0.46 and 0.36. The results indicate that the inclusion of fiber and
particularly silica fume into the specimens led to an increased long-term compressive strength. Electrical
resistance of the silica fume specimens improved remarkably, but decreased slightly due to the fiber
inclusion. Water absorption of the fiber–silica fume specimens decreased exclusively compared to the
reference samples. Inclusion of fiber and silica fume into the specimens had no considerable effect on the
dynamic frequency results.
the properties of concrete. Three different steel fibres were used at 0.0%, 0.5% and 1.0% by volume of concrete.
Silica fume was introduced at 8% by weight of cement into the concrete mixtures that were made
with water–cement ratios of 0.46 and 0.36. The early- and later-stage compressive strength, the electrical
resistivity, the water absorption and the dynamic frequency of the specimens were examined. The results
indicate that the inclusion of steel fibre in silica fume specimens led to the highest long-term compressive
strength and the lowest resistivity. Furthermore, an improvement in the dynamic frequency and a
decrease in water absorption were attained in 1% steel fibre silica fume specimens.
concrete (FRC) are compared with experimental testing data, which were based on
a testing procedure recommended by ACI committee 544. Concrete specimens were prepared with two
waterecement ratios 0.36 and 0.46. Hooked-end steel fibers with an aspect ratio equal of 80 at 0.5% and
1% volume fractions and polypropylene fibers at 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5% volume fractions were used. Both the
numerical and experimental analysis results indicated that increasing the fiber volume fraction increased
the impact resistance of the concrete specimens. The impact resistance increase was greater for normalstrength
than that for high-strength concrete. The results also demonstrated that steel fibers are more
effective at increasing impact resistance than polypropylene fibers.
some durability properties of high-strength concrete (HSC). Hooked-end steel fibers with a 60-mm length
were used at four different fiber volume fractions of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.0%. Polypropylene fibers
with a 12-mm length were used at the content of 0.15%, 0.30%, and 0.45%. Some mixtures were produced
with the combination of steel and polypropylene fibers at a total fiber volume fraction of 1.0% by volume
of concrete, in order to study the effect of fiber hybridization. All the fiber-reinforced concretes contained
10% silica fume as a cement replacement. The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural
strength, electrical resistivity, and water absorption of the concrete mixes were examined. Results of
the experimental study indicate that addition of silica fume improves both mechanical and durability
properties of plain concrete. The results also indicate that incorporation of steel and polypropylene fibers
improved the mechanical properties of HSC at each volume fraction considered in this study.
Furthermore, it was observed that the addition of 1% steel fiber significantly enhanced the splitting tensile
strength and flexural strength of concrete. Among different combinations of steel and polypropylene
fibers investigated, the best performance was attained by a mixture that contained 0.85% steel and 0.15%
polypropylene fiber. Finally, the results show that introducing fibers to concrete resulted in a decrease in
water absorption and, depending on the type of fibers, significant or slight reduction in the electrical
resistivity of concrete compared to those of the companion plain concrete.
polypropylene fibers and silica fume were investigated. Silica fume, a cement replacement, was
used at 8% (by weight of cement) and the volume fractions of the polypropylene fibers were 0%, 0.2%,
0.3% and 0.5%. Water-binder ratios were 0.46 and 0.36. The results indicate that the inclusion of fiber and
particularly silica fume into the specimens led to an increased long-term compressive strength. Electrical
resistance of the silica fume specimens improved remarkably, but decreased slightly due to the fiber
inclusion. Water absorption of the fiber–silica fume specimens decreased exclusively compared to the
reference samples. Inclusion of fiber and silica fume into the specimens had no considerable effect on the
dynamic frequency results.
the properties of concrete. Three different steel fibres were used at 0.0%, 0.5% and 1.0% by volume of concrete.
Silica fume was introduced at 8% by weight of cement into the concrete mixtures that were made
with water–cement ratios of 0.46 and 0.36. The early- and later-stage compressive strength, the electrical
resistivity, the water absorption and the dynamic frequency of the specimens were examined. The results
indicate that the inclusion of steel fibre in silica fume specimens led to the highest long-term compressive
strength and the lowest resistivity. Furthermore, an improvement in the dynamic frequency and a
decrease in water absorption were attained in 1% steel fibre silica fume specimens.
concrete (FRC) are compared with experimental testing data, which were based on
a testing procedure recommended by ACI committee 544. Concrete specimens were prepared with two
waterecement ratios 0.36 and 0.46. Hooked-end steel fibers with an aspect ratio equal of 80 at 0.5% and
1% volume fractions and polypropylene fibers at 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5% volume fractions were used. Both the
numerical and experimental analysis results indicated that increasing the fiber volume fraction increased
the impact resistance of the concrete specimens. The impact resistance increase was greater for normalstrength
than that for high-strength concrete. The results also demonstrated that steel fibers are more
effective at increasing impact resistance than polypropylene fibers.