This paper aims to explore the empirical result of the Granger causality relationship between GDP... more This paper aims to explore the empirical result of the Granger causality relationship between GDP, energy consumption and CO2 emissions evidence from Hong Kong covered period from 1965 to 2010. The results indicate that there is a unidirectional causality running from CO2 emissions to energy consumption and CO2 emissions to GDP in Hong Kong. Moreover, there is bidirectional causality between GDP and energy consumption existing. The findings suggest government to focusing on energy efficiency and renewable energy by promote public transportation, low carbon emissions car, impose tax on all fuel related activities and increase environmental friendly products and invest renewable energy infrastructure.
We examine the relationship between board independence, family control, and operating efficiency,... more We examine the relationship between board independence, family control, and operating efficiency, and the moderating effect of family control on the relationship between board independence and operating efficiency. We apply the dynamic slacks-based measure (DSBM) model to estimate operating efficiency. Using a sample of 42 Taiwanese listed semiconductor companies for the period 2005-2012, we employ truncated regression with a bootstrapping procedure for multivariate analysis. The presence of board independence is significantly positively related to operating efficiency. Family control has a negative impact on operating efficiency. The positive effect of board independence on operating efficiency is significantly weakened in family companies.
The balance between economic growth and environmental protection has been the core concern of pol... more The balance between economic growth and environmental protection has been the core concern of policy makers in developing countries for the past two decades. This study is one of the few studies to empirically inspect the relationship between economic growth, FDI, and energy consumption over the period 1978-2010 in China. The results reveal that there is a unidirectional Granger causality running from GDP to energy consumption. This suggests that increase of GDP will consume more energy and implementing of the energy conservation policies and energy demand management policies in China may not have negative impact on economic growth. Besides, a bi-directional Granger causality has been found between energy consumption and FDI. This implies that Chinese government should cautiously evaluate the positive and negative effects of FDI inflows and put efforts into making more effective control policies on environmental protection.
This study examines the effect of tourism development on energy consumption, CO2 and economic gro... more This study examines the effect of tourism development on energy consumption, CO2 and economic growth in China over the period from 1981 to 2010. An extension of ARIMA model was performed to investigate the relationship between variables. Two principle test results emerge from this study. First, increases on visitors may largely give rise to GDP. On the other hand, increase on tourism receipts may result in greater energy consumption and CO2 emission to some extent as compared to number of visitors. However, the amount of effects from either tourism receipts or number of visitors to energy consumption and CO2 emission are limited. From an energy conservation and economic growth point of view, the results support the hypothesis of tourism-led economic growth in the China economy with relatively limited increase of energy consumption and CO2 emission.
This study examines the causal relationship among economic growth, energy consumption and tourism... more This study examines the causal relationship among economic growth, energy consumption and tourism development in Taiwan over the period from 1965 to 2010. Three Principle test results emerge from this study. First, test results indicate a long-run equilibrium relationship and a bi-direction of causality between energy consumption and tourism development with one proxy, number of visitors, being more significant than the other, visitor expenditures. Second, a bi-directional causality between energy consumption and economic growth is observed. Third, test results indicate no reciprocal causal relationship between tourism development and economic growth. From an energy conservation and sustainable tourism point of view, it is suggested policy makers and industry leaders develop high value, high profit tourism products that aim on attracting more visitor expenditures rather than numbers of visitor.
This paper aims to explore the empirical result of the Granger causality relationship between GDP... more This paper aims to explore the empirical result of the Granger causality relationship between GDP, energy consumption and CO2 emissions evidence from Hong Kong covered period from 1965 to 2010. The results indicate that there is a unidirectional causality running from CO2 emissions to energy consumption and CO2 emissions to GDP in Hong Kong. Moreover, there is bidirectional causality between GDP and energy consumption existing. The findings suggest government to focusing on energy efficiency and renewable energy by promote public transportation, low carbon emissions car, impose tax on all fuel related activities and increase environmental friendly products and invest renewable energy infrastructure.
We examine the relationship between board independence, family control, and operating efficiency,... more We examine the relationship between board independence, family control, and operating efficiency, and the moderating effect of family control on the relationship between board independence and operating efficiency. We apply the dynamic slacks-based measure (DSBM) model to estimate operating efficiency. Using a sample of 42 Taiwanese listed semiconductor companies for the period 2005-2012, we employ truncated regression with a bootstrapping procedure for multivariate analysis. The presence of board independence is significantly positively related to operating efficiency. Family control has a negative impact on operating efficiency. The positive effect of board independence on operating efficiency is significantly weakened in family companies.
The balance between economic growth and environmental protection has been the core concern of pol... more The balance between economic growth and environmental protection has been the core concern of policy makers in developing countries for the past two decades. This study is one of the few studies to empirically inspect the relationship between economic growth, FDI, and energy consumption over the period 1978-2010 in China. The results reveal that there is a unidirectional Granger causality running from GDP to energy consumption. This suggests that increase of GDP will consume more energy and implementing of the energy conservation policies and energy demand management policies in China may not have negative impact on economic growth. Besides, a bi-directional Granger causality has been found between energy consumption and FDI. This implies that Chinese government should cautiously evaluate the positive and negative effects of FDI inflows and put efforts into making more effective control policies on environmental protection.
This study examines the effect of tourism development on energy consumption, CO2 and economic gro... more This study examines the effect of tourism development on energy consumption, CO2 and economic growth in China over the period from 1981 to 2010. An extension of ARIMA model was performed to investigate the relationship between variables. Two principle test results emerge from this study. First, increases on visitors may largely give rise to GDP. On the other hand, increase on tourism receipts may result in greater energy consumption and CO2 emission to some extent as compared to number of visitors. However, the amount of effects from either tourism receipts or number of visitors to energy consumption and CO2 emission are limited. From an energy conservation and economic growth point of view, the results support the hypothesis of tourism-led economic growth in the China economy with relatively limited increase of energy consumption and CO2 emission.
This study examines the causal relationship among economic growth, energy consumption and tourism... more This study examines the causal relationship among economic growth, energy consumption and tourism development in Taiwan over the period from 1965 to 2010. Three Principle test results emerge from this study. First, test results indicate a long-run equilibrium relationship and a bi-direction of causality between energy consumption and tourism development with one proxy, number of visitors, being more significant than the other, visitor expenditures. Second, a bi-directional causality between energy consumption and economic growth is observed. Third, test results indicate no reciprocal causal relationship between tourism development and economic growth. From an energy conservation and sustainable tourism point of view, it is suggested policy makers and industry leaders develop high value, high profit tourism products that aim on attracting more visitor expenditures rather than numbers of visitor.
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