Tuhacek et al., 2004 - Google Patents
Substitutes for glutamine in proliferation of rat intestinal epithelial cellsTuhacek et al., 2004
- Document ID
- 2920373074816181012
- Author
- Tuhacek L
- Mackey A
- Li N
- DeMarco V
- Stevens G
- Neu J
- Publication year
- Publication venue
- Nutrition
External Links
Snippet
OBJECTIVES: Glutamine (Gln) is important for intestinal epithelial proliferation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether glutamate (Glu), a mixture of nucleotide monophosphates, arginine, or glucosamine could support proliferation of rat intestinal crypt …
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 OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O 0 title abstract description 193
Classifications
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