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Markovic et al., 2022 - Google Patents

J. Edagwa, B.; Mosley, RL; Gendelman, HE Prodrug Therapies for Infectious and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022, 14, 518

Markovic et al., 2022

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Document ID
13535600202702177745
Author
Markovic M
Deodhar S
Machhi J
Yeapuri P
Saleh M
Publication year

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Prodrugs are bioreversible drug derivatives which are metabolized into a pharmacologically active drug following chemical or enzymatic modification. This approach is designed to overcome several obstacles that are faced by the parent drug in physiological conditions …
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    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, OR TOILET PURPOSES
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    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/51Nanocapsules; Nanoparticles
    • A61K9/5107Excipients; Inactive ingredients
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    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, OR TOILET PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine, rifamycins
    • A61K31/495Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine, rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/519Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
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    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, OR TOILET PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7052Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides
    • A61K31/706Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/7064Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines
    • A61K31/7068Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines having oxo groups directly attached to the pyrimidine ring, e.g. cytidine, cytidylic acid
    • A61K31/7072Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines having oxo groups directly attached to the pyrimidine ring, e.g. cytidine, cytidylic acid having two oxo groups directly attached to the pyrimidine ring, e.g. uridine, uridylic acid, thymidine, zidovudine
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, OR TOILET PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives
    • A61K47/48Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates
    • A61K47/48007Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates the pharmacologically- or therapeutically-active agent being covalently bound or complexed to a modifying agent
    • A61K47/48023Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates the pharmacologically- or therapeutically-active agent being covalently bound or complexed to a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic compound
    • A61K47/48061Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates the pharmacologically- or therapeutically-active agent being covalently bound or complexed to a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic compound the modifying agent being a heterocyclic compound
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K47/48769Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates the conjugate being characterized by a special physical or galenical form
    • A61K47/48853Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates the conjugate being characterized by a special physical or galenical form the form being a particulate, powder, adsorbate, bead, sphere
    • A61K47/48876Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates the conjugate being characterized by a special physical or galenical form the form being a particulate, powder, adsorbate, bead, sphere the form being a solid micro- or nanoparticle having no hollow or gas-filled core
    • A61K47/48884Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates the conjugate being characterized by a special physical or galenical form the form being a particulate, powder, adsorbate, bead, sphere the form being a solid micro- or nanoparticle having no hollow or gas-filled core the form being a nanoparticle, e.g. an immuno-nanoparticle
    • A61K47/48892Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates the conjugate being characterized by a special physical or galenical form the form being a particulate, powder, adsorbate, bead, sphere the form being a solid micro- or nanoparticle having no hollow or gas-filled core the form being a nanoparticle, e.g. an immuno-nanoparticle the material constituting the nanoparticle being a polymer
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, OR TOILET PURPOSES
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    • A61K31/66Phosphorus compounds
    • A61K31/662Phosphorus acids or esters thereof having P-C bonds, e.g. foscarnet, trichlorfon
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K9/107Emulsions; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
    • A61K9/1075Microemulsions or submicron emulsions; Preconcentrates or solids thereof; Micelles, e.g. made of phospholipids or block copolymers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, OR TOILET PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic, hydroximic acids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, OR TOILET PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/655Azo (-N=N-), diazo (=N2), azoxy (>N-O-N< or N(=O)-N<), azido (-N3) or diazoamino (-N=N-N<) compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K47/30Macromolecular compounds
    • A61K47/42Proteins; Polypeptides; Degradation products thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. albumin, gelatin, zein
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL, OR TOILET PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K38/16Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/17Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/19Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
    • A61K38/21Interferons [IFN]

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