WO2025140551A1 - COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING NaV1.7 (SCN9A) -ASSOCIATED DISORDERS - Google Patents
COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING NaV1.7 (SCN9A) -ASSOCIATED DISORDERS Download PDFInfo
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- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/113—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
- C12N15/1138—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing against receptors or cell surface proteins
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Definitions
- the disclosure relates to the specific inhibition of the expression of the SCN9A gene for treating disorders of a subject in need.
- New treatments for pain e.g., chronic pain and pain-related disorders are needed.
- the disclosure is related to a double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) agent for inhibiting expression of sodium channel, voltage gated, type IX alpha subunit (SCN9A)
- the dsRNA agent comprises a sense strand and an antisense strand forming a double stranded region
- the antisense strand comprises a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, from one of the antisense sequences listed in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6
- the sense strand comprises a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, from a sense sequence listed in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 that corresponds to the antisense sequence.
- the sense strand comprises a sequence that is a portion within nucleotides 373-391, 822-840, 938-956, 1225-1243, 1580-1598, 1581-1599, 1595-1613, 1768-1786, 2534-2552, 2535-2553, 2544-2562, 2547-2565, 2550-2568, 2553-2571, 2560-2578, 2571-2589, 2781-2799, 3132-3150, 4043-4061, 5239-5347, or 6216-6234 of SEQ ID NO: 529.
- the sense strand comprises a sequence that is a portion within nucleotides 330-348, 779-797, 895-913, 1182-1200, 1537-1555, 1538-1556, 1552-1570, 1725-1743, 2524-2542, 2525-2543, 2534-2552, 2537-2555, 2540-2558, 2543-2561, 2550-2568, 2561-2579, 2771-2789, 3122-3140, 4033-4051, 5319-5337, or 6206-6224 of SEQ ID NO: 530.
- the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) .
- the dsRNA agent described herein further comprises a phosphate or phosphate mimic at the 5’-end of the antisense strand.
- the phosphate mimic is a phosphonate, e.g., a (E) -vinylphosphonate.
- the dsRNA agent described herein comprises an acyclic nucleoside or analog at position 6 and/or 7 from the 5’ end of the antisense strand.
- the sense strand comprises the sequence and/or all the modifications as shown in Table 3 and/or Table 6
- the antisense strand comprises the sequence and/or all the modifications as shown in Table 3 and/or Table 6.
- the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 536) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 538) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 540) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 550) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 552) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 554) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 556) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 558) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T03030164-01 (
- the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 555) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 557) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 559) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030169-01 (
- the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 555) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 557) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 559) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030169-01 (S
- the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 536 and 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 538 and 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 540 and 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 542 and 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 544 and 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 546 and 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 548 and 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 550 and 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 552 and 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 554 and 555) ,
- the dsRNA agent is modified N3T030164-01, N3T030165-01, N3T030167-01, N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, N3T030172-01, N3T030173-01, N3T030174-01, N3T030175-01, N3T030176-01, N3T030177-01, N3T030178-01, N3T030001-01M, N3T030005-01M, N3T030007-01M, N3T030008-01M, N3T030009-01M, N3T030013-01M, N3T030015-01M, N3T030016-01M, N3T030017-01M, N3T030023-01M, N3T030032-01M, N3T030040-01M, N3T030117-01M, N3T030118-01M, N3T030
- the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447)
- the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 265 and 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 273 and 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 277 and 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 279 and 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 281 and 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 289 and 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 293 and 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 295 and 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 297 and 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ
- the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) .
- the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) .
- the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) .
- first sequence is referred to as “substantially complementary” with respect to a second sequence herein
- the two sequences can be fully complementary, or they may form one or more, but generally not more than 5, 4, 3 or 2 mismatched base pairs upon hybridization for a duplex up to 30 base pairs, while retaining the ability to hybridize under the conditions most relevant to their ultimate application, e.g., inhibition of gene expression via a RISC pathway.
- two oligonucleotides are designed to form, upon hybridization, one or more single stranded overhangs, such overhangs shall not be regarded as mismatches with regard to the determination of complementarity.
- Pain as defined herein includes acute pain and chronic pain. Chronic pain includes inflammatory (nociceptive) and neuropathic pain associated with disorders including, but not limited to, cancer, arthritis, diabetes, traumatic injury and viral infections. Also included is pain due to inherited pain syndromes including, but not limited to primary erythermalgia (PE) and paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) .
- PE primary erythermalgia
- PEPD paroxysmal extreme pain disorder
- the duplex can be any length in this range, for example, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, or 36 and any sub-range therein between, including, but not limited to 15-30 base pairs, 15-26 base pairs, 15-23 base pairs, 15-22 base pairs, 15-21 base pairs, 15-20 base pairs, 15-19 base pairs, 15-18 base pairs, 15-17 base pairs, 17-23 base pairs, 18-30 base pairs, 18-26 base pairs, 18-23 base pairs, 18-22 base pairs, 18-21 base pairs, 18-20 base pairs, 19-30 base pairs, 19-26 base pairs, 19-23 base pairs, 19-22 base pairs, 19-21 base pairs, 19-20 base pairs, 20-30 base pairs, 20-26 base pairs, 20-25 base pairs, 20-24 base pairs, 20-23 base pairs, 20-22 base pairs, 20-21 base pairs, 21-30 base pairs, 21-26 base pairs, 21-25 base pairs, 21-24 base pairs, 21-23 base pairs, 21-23 base pairs,
- dsRNAs generated in the cell by processing with Dicer and similar enzymes are generally in the range of 19-22 base pairs in length.
- One strand of the duplex region of a dsDNA comprises a sequence that is substantially complementary to a region of a target RNA.
- the two strands forming the duplex structure can be from a single RNA molecule having at least one self-complementary region, or can be formed from two or more separate RNA molecules.
- the molecule can have a duplex region separated by a single stranded chain of nucleotides (herein referred to as a "hairpin loop" ) between the 3’-end of one strand and the 5’-end of the respective other strand forming the duplex structure.
- the hairpin loop can comprise at least one unpaired nucleotide; in some embodiments the hairpin loop can comprise at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, at least 20, at least 23 or more unpaired nucleotides.
- the two substantially complementary strands of a dsRNA are comprised by separate RNA molecules, those molecules need not, but can be covalently connected.
- the two strands are connected covalently by means other than a hairpin loop, and the connecting structure is a linker.
- an RNA interference agent includes a single stranded RNA that interacts with a target RNA sequence to direct the cleavage of the target RNA.
- Dicer Type III endonuclease known as Dicer (Sharp et al., Genes Dev. 2001, 15: 485) .
- Dicer a ribonuclease-III-like enzyme, processes the dsRNA into 19-23 base pair short interfering RNAs with characteristic two base 3’ overhangs (Bernstein, et al., (2001) Nature 409: 363) .
- RNA-induced silencing complex RISC
- one or more helicases unwind the siRNA duplex, enabling the complementary antisense strand to guide target recognition (Nykanen, et al., (2001) Cell 107: 309) .
- target recognition Nykanen, et al., (2001) Cell 107: 309
- one or more endonucleases within the RISC cleaves the target to induce silencing (Elbashir, et al., (2001) Genes Dev. 15: 188) .
- the disclosure relates to a single stranded RNA that promotes the formation of a RISC complex to effect silencing of the target gene.
- G, ” “C, ” “A, ” “T” and “U” each generally stand for a nucleotide that contains guanine, cytosine, adenine, thymidine and uracil as a base, respectively.
- deoxyribonucleotide, ” “ribonucleotide, ” or “nucleotide” can also refer to a modified nucleotide, as further detailed below, or a surrogate replacement moiety.
- guanine, cytosine, adenine, and uracil may be replaced by other moieties without substantially altering the base pairing properties of an oligonucleotide comprising a nucleotide bearing such replacement moiety.
- a nucleotide comprising inosine as its base may base pair with nucleotides containing adenine, cytosine, or uracil.
- nucleotides containing uracil, guanine, or adenine may be replaced in the nucleotide sequences of dsRNA featured in the disclosure by a nucleotide containing, for example, inosine.
- adenine and cytosine anywhere in the oligonucleotide can be replaced with guanine and uracil, respectively to form G-U Wobble base pairing with the target mRNA. Sequences containing such replacement moieties are suitable for the compositions and methods featured in the disclosure.
- RNAi RNA-induced silencing complex
- RISC RNA-induced silencing complex
- an iRNA as described herein effects inhibition of SCN9A expression, e.g., in a cell or mammal. Inhibition of SCN9A expression may be assessed based on a reduction in the level of SCN9A mRNA or a reduction in the level of the NaV1.7 (SCN9A) protein.
- the iRNA agent may be a “double-stranded RNA. ”
- the iRNA agent may be a “single-stranded siRNA” that is introduced into a cell or organism to inhibit a target mRNA.
- single-stranded RNAi agents can bind complementary target SCN9A RNAs through Watson-Crick base pairing, inducing RNA degradation via recruitment of cellular nucleases (e.g., RNase H) or alter splicing events to modulate gene expression.
- the single-stranded siRNAs are generally 15-30 nucleotides and are optionally chemically modified. The design and testing of single-stranded siRNAs are described in U.S. Patent No.
- the iRNA agent may include one or more modified nucleotides (e.g., any of the modified nucleotides described herein) .
- linker or “linking group” means an organic moiety that connects two parts of a compound, e.g., covalently attaches two parts of a compound.
- lipophile or “lipophilic moiety” broadly refers to any compound or chemical moiety having an affinity for lipids. Methods of characterizing the lipophilicity of the lipophilic moiety are known in the art (see, e.g., Tetko et al., J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 41: 1407-21 (2001) , which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety) .
- lipid nanoparticle is a vesicle comprising a lipid layer encapsulating a pharmaceutically active molecule, such as a nucleic acid molecule, e.g., a RNAi agent or a plasmid from which a RNAi agent is transcribed.
- a pharmaceutically active molecule such as a nucleic acid molecule, e.g., a RNAi agent or a plasmid from which a RNAi agent is transcribed.
- LNPs are described in, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 6,858,225, 6,815,432, 8,158,601, and 8,058,069, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
- the term “modulate the expression of, ” refers to an at least partial “inhibition” or partial “activation” of a gene (e.g., SCN9A gene) expression in a cell treated with an iRNA composition as described herein compared to the expression of the corresponding gene in a control cell.
- a control cell includes an untreated cell, or a cell treated with a non-targeting control iRNA.
- RNA molecule or “ribonucleic acid molecule” encompasses not only RNA molecules as expressed or found in nature, but also analogs and derivatives of RNA comprising one or more ribonucleotide/ribonucleoside analogs or derivatives as described herein or as known in the art.
- a “ribonucleoside” includes a nucleoside base and a ribose sugar
- ribonucleotide is a ribonucleoside with one, two or three phosphate moieties or analogs thereof (e.g., phosphorothioate) .
- ribonucleoside and “ribonucleotide” can be considered to be equivalent as used herein.
- the RNA can be modified in the nucleobase structure, in the ribose structure, or in the ribose-phosphate backbone structure, e.g., as described herein below.
- the molecules comprising ribonucleoside analogs or derivatives must retain the ability to form a duplex.
- an RNA molecule can also include at least one modified ribonucleoside including but not limited to a 2’-O-methyl modified nucleoside, a nucleoside comprising a 5’ phosphorothioate group, a terminal nucleoside linked to a cholesteryl derivative or dodecanoic acid bisdecylamide group, a locked nucleoside, an abasic nucleoside, an acyclic nucleoside, a glycol nucleotide (e.g., glycol nucleic acid, GNA) , a 2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro modified nucleoside, a 2’-amino-modified nucleoside, 2’-alkyl-modified nucleoside, morpholino nucleoside, a phosphoramidate or a non-natural base comprising nucleoside, or any combination thereof.
- a 2’-O-methyl modified nucleoside e.g., a 2’
- an RNA molecule can comprise at least two modified ribonucleosides, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20 or more, up to the entire length of the dsRNA molecule.
- the modifications need not be the same for each of such a plurality of modified ribonucleosides in an RNA molecule.
- RNA does not encompass a naturally occurring double stranded DNA molecule or a 100%deoxynucleoside-containing DNA molecule.
- a modified ribonucleoside includes a deoxyribonucleoside.
- an iRNA agent can comprise one or more deoxynucleosides, including, for example, a deoxynucleoside overhang (s) , or one or more deoxynucleosides within the double stranded portion of a dsRNA.
- nucleotide overhang refers to at least one unpaired nucleotide that protrudes from the duplex structure of an iRNA, e.g., a dsRNA. For example, when a 3’-end of one strand of a dsRNA extends beyond the 5’-end of the other strand, or vice versa, there is a nucleotide overhang.
- a dsRNA can comprise an overhang of at least one nucleotide; alternatively, the overhang can comprise at least two nucleotides, at least three nucleotides, at least four nucleotides, or at least five nucleotides or more.
- a nucleotide overhang can comprise or consist of a nucleotide/nucleoside analog, including a deoxynucleotide/nucleoside.
- the overhang (s) may be on the sense strand, the antisense strand or any combination thereof.
- the nucleotide (s) of an overhang can be present on the 5’ end, 3’ end or both ends of either an antisense or sense strand of a dsRNA.
- the antisense strand of a dsRNA has a 1-10 nucleotide overhang at the 3’ end and/or the 5’ end.
- the sense strand of a dsRNA has a 1-10 nucleotide overhang at the 3’ end and/or the 5’ end. In some embodiments, one or more of the nucleotides in the overhang is replaced with a nucleoside thiophosphate.
- a “pharmaceutical composition” comprises a pharmacologically effective amount of a therapeutic agent (e.g., an iRNA) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- a therapeutic agent e.g., an iRNA
- a therapeutically effective amount of a drug for the treatment of that disease or disorder is the amount necessary to obtain at least a 10%reduction in that parameter.
- a therapeutically effective amount of an iRNA targeting SCN9A can reduce a level of SCN9A mRNA or a level of SCN9A protein by any measurable amount, e.g., by at least 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, or 95%.
- a “subject” to be treated according to the methods described herein includes a human or non-human animal, e.g., a mammal.
- the mammal may be, for example, a rodent (e.g., a rat or mouse) or a primate (e.g., a monkey) .
- the subject is a human.
- a “subject in need thereof” includes a subject having, suspected of having, or at risk of developing a disorder related to SCN9A expression, e.g., overexpression (e.g., pain, e.g., chronic pain or a pain-related disorder) .
- the subject has, or is suspected of having, a disorder related to SCN9A expression or overexpression.
- the subject is at risk of developing a disorder related to SCN9A expression or overexpression.
- target sequence refers to a contiguous portion of the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule formed during the transcription of a gene, e.g., SCN9A, including mRNA that is a product of RNA processing of a primary transcription product.
- the target portion of the sequence will be at least long enough to serve as a substrate for iRNA-directed cleavage at or near that portion.
- the target sequence will generally be from 9-36 nucleotides in length, e.g., 15-30 nucleotides in length, including all sub-ranges therebetween.
- the target sequence can be from 15-30 nucleotides, 15-26 nucleotides, 15-23 nucleotides, 15-22 nucleotides, 15-21 nucleotides, 15-20 nucleotides, 15-19 nucleotides, 15-18 nucleotides, 15-17 nucleotides, 18-30 nucleotides, 18-26 nucleotides, 18-23 nucleotides, 18-22 nucleotides, 18-21 nucleotides, 18-20 nucleotides, 19-30 nucleotides, 19-26 nucleotides, 19-23 nucleotides, 19-22 nucleotides, 19-21 nucleotides, 19-20 nucleotides, 20-30 nucleotides, 20-26 nucleotides, 20-25 nucleotides, 20-24 nucleotides, 20-23 nucleotides, 20-22 nucleotides, 20-21 nucleotides, 21-30 nucleotides, 21-26 nucleotides,
- the phrases “therapeutically effective amount” and “prophylactically effective amount” and the like refer to an amount that provides a therapeutic benefit in the treatment, prevention, or management of any disorder or pathological process related to SCN9A expression (e.g., pain, e.g., chronic pain or a pain-related disorder) .
- the specific amount that is therapeutically effective may vary depending on factors known in the art, such as, for example, the type of disorder or pathological process, the patient’s history and age, the stage of the disorder or pathological process, and the administration of other therapies.
- loss-of-function mutations of the SCN9A gene result in a complete inability of an otherwise healthy individual to sense any form of pain.
- increased levels of the SCN9A expression could enhance pain sensitivity; whereas decreased levels of the SCN9A expression could reduce pain sensitivity; and modulating SCN9A expression and NaV1.7 channel levels in peripheral sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia could provide an effective pain treatment.
- NaV1.7 sodium channels are also found in olfactory sensory neurons, which are nerve cells in the nasal cavity that transmit smell-related signals to the brain.
- the duplex structure is between 15 and 30 base pairs in length, between 15 and 25 base pairs in length, between 15 and 20 base pairs in length, between 20 and 30 base pairs in length, between 20 and 25 base pairs in length, or between 25 and 30 base pairs in length. In some embodiments, the duplex structure is between 18 and 25 base pairs in length. In some embodiments, the duplex structure is between 19 and 24 base pairs in length. In some embodiments, the duplex structure is between 19 and 21 base pairs in length.
- RNAi-directed cleavage i.e., cleavage through a RISC pathway
- dsRNAs having duplexes as short as 9 base pairs can, under some circumstances, mediate RNAi-directed RNA cleavage.
- a target will be at least 15 nucleotides in length, e.g., 15-30 nucleotides in length.
- the duplex region is a primary functional portion of a dsRNA, e.g., a duplex region of 9 to 36, e.g., 15-30 base pairs.
- a dsRNA RNA molecule or complex of RNA molecules having a duplex region greater than 30 base pairs.
- an miRNA is a dsRNA.
- a dsRNA is not a naturally occurring miRNA.
- an dsRNA agent useful to target SCN9A expression is not generated in the target cell by cleavage of a larger dsRNA.
- a dsRNA as described herein may further include one or more single-stranded nucleotide overhangs.
- the sense strand of the dsRNA agent described herein includes about 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or more overhangs at the 3’ or 5’ end.
- the antisense strand of the dsRNA agent described herein includes about 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or more overhangs at the 3’ or 5’ end.
- the sense strand of the dsRNA agent described herein includes about 2 overhangs at the 3’ or 5’ end.
- the antisense strand of the dsRNA agent described herein includes about 2 overhangs at the 3’ or 5’end.
- dsRNAs having a duplex structure of between 20 and 23, but specifically 21 base pairs have been hailed as particularly effective in inducing RNA interference (Elbashir et al., EMBO 2001, 20: 6877-6888) .
- RNA duplex structures can be effective as well.
- dsRNAs described herein can include at least one strand of a length of minimally 19 nucleotides.
- the dsRNA differs in its inhibition of a level of expression of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) by not more than 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 %inhibition compared with a dsRNA comprising the full sequence disclosed herein.
- an iRNA of Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 decreases NaV1.7 (SCN9A) protein or NaV1.7 (SCN9A) mRNA levels in a cell.
- the cell is a rodent cell (e.g., a rat cell) , or a primate cell (e.g., a cynomolgus monkey cell) or a human cell.
- SCN9A protein or SCN9A mRNA levels are reduced by about or at least 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%or more.
- the iRNA of Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 that inhibits SCN9A in a human cell has less than 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1 mismatches to the corresponding portion of human SCN9A gene. In some embodiments, the iRNA of Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 that inhibits SCN9A in a human cell has no mismatches to the corresponding portion of human SCN9A.
- iRNAs designed based on human sequences can have utility, e.g., for inhibiting SCN9A in human cells, e.g., for therapeutic purposes, or for inhibiting SCN9A in rodent or primate cells, e.g., for research characterizing SCN9A in a rodent or primate model.
- an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 373-391, 822-840, 938-956, 1225-1243, 1580-1598, 1581-1599, 1595-1613, 1768-1786, 2534-2552, 2535-2553, 2544-2562, 2547-2565, 2550-2568, 2553-2571, 2560-2578, 2571-2589, 2781-2799, 3132-3150, 4043-4061, 5239-5347, or 6216-6234 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of NM_002977.3.
- the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene has a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 529.
- an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 330-348, 779-797, 895-913, 1182-1200, 1537-1555, 1538-1556, 1552-1570, 1725-1743, 2524-2542, 2525-2543, 2534-2552, 2537-2555, 2540-2558, 2543-2561, 2550-2568, 2561-2579, 2771-2789, 3122-3140, 4033-4051, 5319-5337, or 6206-6224 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of NM_001365536.1.
- the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene has a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 530.
- human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences are available at, e.g., the NCBI database.
- SCN9A human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession Nos. XM_011511617.3, XM_011511616.4, XM_011511618.3, XM_017004669.2, and XM_011511619.3 are available.
- an iRNA e.g., dsRNA agent
- a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is a portion of nucleotide sequence of any one of human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession Nos. XM_011511617.3, XM_011511616.4, XM_011511618.3, XM_017004669.2, and XM_011511619.3.
- an iRNA e.g., dsRNA agent
- a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is a portion of nucleotide sequence of any one of human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession Nos. XM_011511617.3, XM_011511616.4, XM_011511618.3, XM_017004669.2, and XM_011511619.3 as identified and shown in FIGs. 2C-2G.
- an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 373-391, 822-840, 1225-1243, 1580-1598, 1581-1599, 1595-1613, 1768-1786, 2567-2585, 2568-2586, 2577-2595, 2580-2598, 2583-2601, 2586-2604, 2593-2611, 2604-2622, 2814-2832, 3165-3183, 4076-4094, 5362-5380 or 6249-6267 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of XM_011511617.3 (SEQ ID NO: 531) .
- an iRNA e.g., dsRNA agent
- a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 292-310, 741-759, 857-875, 1144-1162, 1499-1517, 1500-1518, 1514-1532, 1687-1705, 2486-2504, 2487-2505, 2496-2514, 2499-2517, 2502-2520, 2505-2523, 2512-2530, 2523-2541, 2733-2751, 3084-3102, 3995-4013, 5281-5299, or 6168-6186 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of XM_011511616.4 (SEQ ID NO: 532) .
- an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 285-303, 640-658, 641-659, 655-673, 828-846, 1627-1645, 1628-1646, 1637-1655, 1640-1658, 1643-1661, 1646-1664, 1653-1671, 1664-1682, 1874-1892, 2225-2243, 3136-3154, 4422-4440, or 5309-5327 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of XM_017004669.2 (SEQ ID NO: 534) .
- an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 373-391, 822-840, 938-956, 1225-1243, 1580-1598, 1581-1599, 1595-1613, 1768-1786, 2567-2585, 2568-2586, 2577-2595, 2580-2598, 2583-2601, 2586-2604, 2593-2611, 2604-2622, 2814-2832, 3165-3183, 4076-4094, 5091-5109, or 5978-5996 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of XM_011511619.3 (SEQ ID NO: 535) .
- the NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene is a rat NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene.
- rat NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession No. NM_133289.2 is available at, e.g., the NCBI database.
- an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is a portion of nucleotide sequence of rat NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession No. NM_133289.2.
- an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is a portion of nucleotide sequence of rat NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession No. NM_133289.2 as identified and shown in FIG. 2H.
- an iRNA e.g., dsRNA agent
- a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is a portion of nucleotide sequence of any one of rhesus monkey NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession Nos. XM_28830806.1, XM_028830807.1, XM_015110280.2, and XM_028830805.1.
- the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1
- the antisense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or 21 nucleotides) within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80
- the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01
- the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 15 and 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 31 and 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 33 and 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 45 and 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 1 and
- the dsRNA agent is N3T030001-01, N3T030005-01, N3T030007-01, N3T030008-01, N3T030009-01, N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030016-01, N3T030017-01, N3T030023-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, N3T030117-01, N3T030118-01, N3T030120-01, N3T030121-01, N3T030124-01, N3T030125-01, N3T030126-01, N3T030127-01, or N3T030129-01.
- the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1
- the antisense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or 21 nucleotides) within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80
- the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01
- the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 15 and 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 31 and 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 33 and 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 45 and 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 1 and
- the dsRNA agent is N3T030001-01, N3T030005-01, N3T030007-01, N3T030008-01, N3T030009-01, N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030016-01, N3T030017-01, N3T030023-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, N3T030117-01, N3T030118-01, N3T030120-01, N3T030121-01, N3T030124-01, N3T030125-01, N3T030126-01, N3T030127-01, or N3T030129-01.
- the sense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19 nucleotides) within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , and N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) .
- the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 79 and 80) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198) .
- the dsRNA agent is N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, or N3T030124-01.
- no more than five of the sense strand nucleotides and no more than five of the nucleotides of the antisense strand are unmodified nucleotides. In some embodiments, all of the nucleotides of the sense strand and all of the nucleotides of the antisense strand comprise a modification.
- no more than five of the sense strand nucleotides and not more than five of the nucleotides of the antisense strand include modifications other than 2’-O-methyl modified nucleotide, a 2’-fluoro modified nucleotide, a 2’-deoxy-modified nucleotide, unlocked nucleic acids (UNA) or glycerol nucleic acid (GNA) .
- phosphonates can be used as metabolically stable phosphate analogs.
- Modified nucleosides and analogs are provided that are useful for incorporation at one of the terminal positions of an oligomeric compound, preferably the 5′-end of AS strand.
- the off-target effects are largely driven by binding of the RISC-loaded siRNA to off-target transcripts mediated through base pairing between the seed region of the siRNA guide strand (nucleotides 2–8) and complementary site (s) in the in the 3’-untranslated region (3’-UTR) of mRNAs (miRNA-like off target) .
- Thermally destabilizing modifications in the seed region of the siRNA guide strand enhance siRNA specificity by mitigating the repression of off-targets while still allowing for productive full-length on-target recognition.
- acyclic nucleotides are disclosed in US Patent No. US 8,314,227 and PCT Publication No. WO2021207189A1, incorporated herein by reference in their entirely.
- an acyclic nucleotide can include any of monomers D-J in Figures 1-2 of US 8,314,227.
- Oligonucleotide-ligand conjugates can facilitate delivery and uptake of the siRNA duplex by the target cells. Oligonucleotide-ligand conjugates facilitate the systemic delivery of oligonucleotides designed to prevent, limit or modulate the expression of mRNA molecules.
- the conjugates comprise nucleotides which are linked to lipid conjugate moieties or adamantly groups.
- At least one of the sense strand and the antisense strand is conjugated to one or more lipophilic moieties.
- the lipophilic moiety is conjugated directly to at least one of the sense strand and the antisense strand. In some embodiments, the lipophilic moiety is conjugated via a linker or carrier. Any suitable linker or carrier described herein can be used in the lipid conjugation.
- the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to one or more internal positions on at least one strand. In some embodiments, the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to the end (e.g., the 5’ or 3’ end position) of at least one strand (e.g., the sense and/or the antisense strand) . In some embodiments, the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to the 3’ and/or 5’ end of the sense strand. In some embodiments, the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to the 3’ end of the antisense strand.
- the lipophilic moiety can be any suitable lipophilic moiety described herein.
- the lipophilic moiety is an aliphatic, alicyclic, or polyalicyclic compound.
- the lipophilic moiety contains a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain.
- the hydrocarbon chain is a C10-C30 hydrocarbon chain. In some embodiments, the hydrocarbon chain is a C16 hydrocarbon chain.
- the lipophilic moiety described herein is N3T12-012-01 or a derivative thereof described in PCT/CN2024/121490 (the entire content is hereby incorporated by reference) .
- the lipophilic moiety described herein comprises a structure of:
- N3T12-012-01 is conjugated with a sense strand (e.g., any of the sense strands described herein) , optionally via a phosphorothioate linkage.
- the conjugated N3T12-012-01 described herein comprises a structure of:
- Terminal phosphorothioate (PS) linkages increase the stability of the siRNA. They provide additional protection against 3’ and 5’ exonucleases. Design of terminal phosphorothioate (PS, Rp or Sp isomer) linkages provides protection against 3’ and/or 5’ exonucleases, increases protein binding, and improves PK. Chirality selection enhances RISC loading and metabolic stability, and is useful in siRNA conjugation.
- the dsRNA agents described herein comprise at least one terminal phosphorothioate (PS) linkage.
- PS linkage is a phosphorothioate or methylphosphonate internucleotide linkage.
- Positional patterns of ribosugar modifications increase the stability of the siRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) .
- the modifications can be 2’-O-methyl (2’-OMe) and/or 2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro (2’-F) ribosugar modifications.
- the dsRNA of the disclosure comprises at least one, two, three, four (e.g., one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more) 2’-fluoro nucleotides.
- the 2’-fluoro nucleotides all can be present in one strand.
- both the sense and the antisense strands comprise at least two 2’-fluoro nucleotides.
- the 2’-fluoro modification can occur on any nucleotide of the sense strand or antisense strand.
- the 2’-fluoro modification can occur on every nucleotide on the sense strand or antisense strand; each 2’-fluoro modification can occur in an alternating pattern on the sense strand or antisense strand; or the sense strand or antisense strand comprises both 2’-fluoro modifications in an alternating pattern.
- the alternating pattern of the 2’-fluoro modifications on the sense strand may be the same or different from the antisense strand, and the alternating pattern of the 2’-fluoro modifications on the sense strand can have a shift relative to the alternating pattern of the 2’-fluoro modifications on the antisense strand.
- the antisense strand comprises at least two (e.g., two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more) 2’-fluoro nucleotides. Without limitations, a 2’-fluoro modification in the antisense strand can be present at any positions.
- the sense strand comprises at least two (e.g., two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more) 2’-fluoro nucleotides. Without limitations, a 2’-fluoro modification in the sense strand can be present at any positions.
- Modified nucleosides and analogs that are useful for incorporation at one of the terminal positions of an oligomeric compound, preferably at the 5′-end of SS strand are provided.
- the strand with its 5’ terminus at the thermodynamically less stable end of the duplex is selected by RISC as the antisense strand.
- RISC With creative design, preferential loading of the intended antisense strand can be achieved in most cases. However, loading of the sense strand into RISC cannot be excluded, especially when the thermodynamic asymmetry between the two ends of siRNAs is not significant.
- the presence of the monophosphate group at the 5’ end helps anchor the antisense strand in RISC, and there is an interaction between the 5’ monophosphate of the antisense strand and MID domain of the Argonaute 2 –the protein component of RISC responsible for target cleavage. Hence, loading of the sense strand into the RISC could be impeded by blocking 5′phosphorylation.
- the dsRNA agent described herein comprises a 5’ block on the antisense strand. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent described herein comprises a 5’ block on the sense strand. Any suitable 5’ block can be used in the dsRNA agents described herein.
- Cationic liposomes possess the advantage of being able to fuse to the cell wall.
- Non-cationic liposomes although not able to fuse as efficiently with the cell wall, are taken up by macrophages in vivo.
- lipid vesicles In order to traverse intact mammalian skin, lipid vesicles must pass through a series of fine pores, each with a diameter less than 50 nm, under the influence of a suitable transdermal gradient. Therefore, it is desirable to use a liposome which is highly deformable and able to pass through such fine pores.
- Liposomes are useful for the transfer and delivery of active ingredients to the site of action. Because the liposomal membrane is structurally similar to biological membranes, when liposomes are applied to a tissue, the liposomes start to merge with the cellular membranes and as the merging of the liposome and cell progresses, the liposomal contents are emptied into the cell where the active agent may act. Liposomal formulations have been the focus of extensive investigation as the mode of delivery for many drugs. There is growing evidence that for topical administration, liposomes present several advantages over other formulations.
- the positively charged DNA/liposome complex binds to the negatively charged cell surface and is internalized in an endosome. Due to the acidic pH within the endosome, the liposomes are ruptured, releasing their contents into the cell cytoplasm (Wang et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1987, 147, 980-985) . Liposomes which are pH-sensitive or negatively charged, entrap DNA rather than complex with it. Since both the DNA and the lipid are similarly charged, repulsion rather than complex formation occurs. Nevertheless, some DNA is entrapped within the aqueous interior of these liposomes.
- pH-sensitive liposomes have been used to deliver DNA encoding the thymidine kinase gene to cell monolayers in culture. Expression of the exogenous gene was detected in the target cells (Zhou et al., Journal of Controlled Release, 1992, 19, 269-274) .
- One major type of liposomal composition includes phospholipids other than naturally derived phosphatidylcholine.
- Neutral liposome compositions for example, can be formed from dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) or dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) .
- Anionic liposome compositions generally are formed from dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol, while anionic fusogenic liposomes are formed primarily from dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) .
- DOPE dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine
- Another type of liposomal composition is formed from phosphatidylcholine (PC) such as, for example, soybean PC, and egg PC.
- PC phosphatidylcholine
- Another type is formed from mixtures of phospholipid and/or phosphatidylcholine and/or cholesterol. Further details on using liposomal formulations for the delivery of siRNA can be found, e.g., in PCT Publication No. WO2021207189A1, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- compositions of the present disclosure also incorporate carrier compounds in the formulation.
- carrier compound can refer to a nucleic acid, or analog thereof, which is inert (i.e., does not possess biological activity per se) but is recognized as a nucleic acid by in vivo processes that reduce the bioavailability of a nucleic acid having biological activity by, for example, degrading the biologically active nucleic acid or promoting its removal from circulation.
- the coadministration of a nucleic acid and a carrier compound typically with an excess of the latter substance, can result in a substantial reduction of the amount of nucleic acid recovered in the liver, kidney or other extracirculatory reservoirs, presumably due to competition between the carrier compound and the nucleic acid for a common receptor.
- the recovery of a partially phosphorothioate dsRNA or ssRNA agent in hepatic tissue can be reduced when it is coadministered with polyinosinic acid, dextran sulfate, polycytidic acid or 4-acetamido-4’ isothiocyano-stilbene-2, 2’-disulfonic acid (Miyao et al., DsRNA Res. Dev., 1995, 5, 115-121; Takakura et al., DsRNA &Nucl. Acid Drug Dev., 1996, 6, 177-183) .
- a pharmaceutical carrier or excipient may comprise, e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, suspending agent or any other pharmacologically inert vehicle for delivering one or more nucleic acids to an animal.
- the excipient may be liquid or solid and is selected, with the planned manner of administration in mind, so as to provide for the desired bulk, consistency, etc., when combined with a nucleic acid and the other components of a given pharmaceutical composition.
- Typical pharmaceutical carriers include, but are not limited to, binding agents (e.g., pregelatinized maize starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, etc.
- fillers e.g., lactose and other sugars, microcrystalline cellulose, pectin, gelatin, calcium sulfate, ethyl cellulose, polyacrylates or calcium hydrogen phosphate, etc.
- fillers e.g., lactose and other sugars, microcrystalline cellulose, pectin, gelatin, calcium sulfate, ethyl cellulose, polyacrylates or calcium hydrogen phosphate, etc.
- lubricants e.g., magnesium stearate, talc, silica, colloidal silicon dioxide, stearic acid, metallic stearates, hydrogenated vegetable oils, corn starch, polyethylene glycols, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, etc.
- disintegrants e.g., starch, sodium starch glycolate, etc.
- wetting agents e.g., sodium lauryl sulphate, etc
- the present disclosure relates to methods of inhibiting expression of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) in a cell, the method comprising: (a) contacting the cell with any one of the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent described herein, or a pharmaceutical composition described herein; and (b) maintaining the cell produced in step (a) for a time sufficient to reduce levels of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) mRNA, NaV1.7 (SCN9A) protein, or both of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) mRNA and protein, thereby inhibiting expression of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) in the cell.
- the present disclosure also relates to methods of treating a subject having or diagnosed with having a NaV1.7 (SCN9A) -associated disorder comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of any one of the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent described herein, or a pharmaceutical composition described herein, thereby treating the disorder.
- SCN9A NaV1.7
- the subject is a human subject.
- the disorder related to SCN9A expression is pain, e.g., chronic pain or pain related disorders, e.g., pain hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity.
- pain-related disorders that are treatable using the methods described herein include inflammatory pain, neuropathic pain, pain insensitivity, primary erythromelalgia (PE) , paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) , small fiber neuropathy (SFN) , trigeminal neuralgia (TN) , and pain associated with cancer, arthritis, diabetes, traumatic injury, and viral infections.
- the pain-related disorder is an inherited pain-related disorder, e.g., PE and PEPD.
- Clinical and pathological features of pain-related disorders include, but are not limited to, burning pain, redness of skin, flushing, warmth of extremities, joint pain, severe pain, e.g., periods of severe pain in the lower body, upper body (e.g., pain in the eyes or jaw) , or extremities (e.g., hands and feet) , inability to sense pain, fatigue, and/or insomnia.
- the subject with the pain, e.g., chronic pain, or pain-related disorder is less than 18 years old.
- the subject with the pain, e.g., chronic pain, or pain-related disorder is an adult.
- the subject has, or is identified as having, elevated levels of SCN9A mRNA or protein relative to a reference level (e.g., a level of SCN9A that is greater than a reference level) .
- the pain, e.g., chronic pain, or the pain-related disorder is diagnosed using analysis of a sample from the subject (e.g., an aqueous cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) sample) .
- the sample is analyzed using a method selected from one or more of: fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) , immunohistochemistry, SCN9A immunoassay, electron microscopy, laser microdissection, and mass spectrometry.
- FISH fluorescent in situ hybridization
- pain e.g., chronic pain, or pain-related disorder is diagnosed using any suitable diagnostic test or technique, e.g., SCN9A mutation testing, a measure of pain sensitivity, a measure of pain threshold, a measure of pain level, and/or a measure of pain disability level (Dansie and Turk 2013 Br J Anaesth 111 (1) : 19-25) .
- any suitable diagnostic test or technique e.g., SCN9A mutation testing, a measure of pain sensitivity, a measure of pain threshold, a measure of pain level, and/or a measure of pain disability level (Dansie and Turk 2013 Br J Anaesth 111 (1) : 19-25) .
- an dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent disclosed herein is administered in combination with a second therapy (e.g., one or more additional therapies) known to be effective in treating a disorder related to SCN9A expression (e.g., pain, e.g., chronic pain or pain-related disorder) or a symptom of such a disorder.
- a second therapy e.g., one or more additional therapies
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent may be administered before, after, or concurrent with the second therapy.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered before the second therapy.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered after the second therapy.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered concurrent with the second therapy.
- the second therapy may be an additional therapeutic agent.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent and the additional therapeutic agent can be administered in combination in the same composition or the additional therapeutic agent can be administered as part of a separate composition.
- the second therapy is a non-dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent therapeutic agent that is effective to treat the disorder or symptoms of the disorder.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered in conjunction with a therapy.
- Exemplary combination therapies include, but are not limited to, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) , acetaminophen, opioids, or corticosteroids, acupuncture, therapeutic massage, dorsal root ganglion stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, or topical pain relievers.
- Administration dosages, routes, and timing A subject (e.g., a human subject, e.g., a patient) can be administered a therapeutic amount of dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent.
- the therapeutic amount can be, e.g., 0.05-50 mg/kg.
- the therapeutic amount can be 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, or 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 mg/kg dsRNA or ssRNA agent.
- the therapeutic amount described herein is about 1-20 mg/kg, e.g., about 1 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg, about 4 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg, about 6 mg/kg, about 7 mg/kg, about 8 mg/kg, about 9 mg/kg, about 10 mg/kg, about 11 mg/kg, about 12 mg/kg, about 13 mg/kg, about 14 mg/kg, about 15 mg/kg, about 16 mg/kg, about 17 mg/kg, about 18 mg/kg, about 19 mg/kg, or about 20 mg/kg.
- the therapeutic amount described herein is about 1 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 11 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 11 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is formulated for delivery to a target organ, e.g., to the brain or spinal cord.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is formulated as a lipid formulation, e.g., an LNP formulation as described herein.
- the therapeutic amount is 0.05-5 mg/kg, e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, or 5.0 mg/kg dsRNA or ssRNA agent.
- the lipid formulation e.g., LNP formulation, is administered intravenously.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is formulated as an LNP formulation and is administered (e.g., intravenously, intrathecally, intracerebrally, intracranially, or intraventricularly administered) at a dose of 0.1 to 1 mg/kg.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered by intravenous infusion over a period of time, such as over a 5 minute, 10 minute, 15 minute, 20 minute, or 25 minute period.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is in the form of a lipophilic conjugate (e.g., a C16 conjugate) as described herein.
- the therapeutic amount is 0.5-50 mg, e.g., 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 mg/kg dsRNA or ssRNA agent.
- the lipophilic conjugate (e.g., a C16 conjugate) is administered subcutaneously.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is in the form of a lipophilic conjugate and is administered (e.g., subcutaneously administered) at a dose of 1 to 10 mg/kg.
- the administration is repeated, for example, on a regular basis, such as, daily, biweekly (i.e., every two weeks) for one month, two months, three months, four months, six months or longer.
- a regular basis such as, daily, biweekly (i.e., every two weeks) for one month, two months, three months, four months, six months or longer.
- the treatments can be administered on a less frequent basis. For example, after administration biweekly for three months, administration can be repeated once per month, for six months or a year or longer.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered in two or more doses.
- the number or amount of subsequent doses is dependent on the achievement of a desired effect, e.g., to (a) reduce pain; (b) inhibit or reduce the expression or activity of SCN9A or the achievement of a therapeutic or prophylactic effect, e.g., reduction or prevention of one or more symptoms associated with the disorder.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered according to a schedule. For example, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent may be administered once per week, twice per week, three times per week, four times per week, or five times per week.
- the schedule involves regularly spaced administrations, e.g., hourly, every four hours, every six hours, every eight hours, every twelve hours, daily, every 2 days, every 3 days, every 4 days, every 5 days, weekly, biweekly, or monthly.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered at the frequency required to achieve a desired effect.
- the schedule involves closely spaced administrations followed by a longer period of time during which the agent is not administered.
- the schedule may involve an initial set of doses that are administered in a relatively short period of time (e.g., about every 6 hours, about every 12 hours, about every 24 hours, about every 48 hours, or about every 72 hours) followed by a longer time period (e.g., about 1 week, about 2 weeks, about 3 weeks, about 4 weeks, about 5 weeks, about 6 weeks, about 7 weeks, or about 8 weeks) during which the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is not administered.
- a relatively short period of time e.g., about every 6 hours, about every 12 hours, about every 24 hours, about every 48 hours, or about every 72 hours
- a longer time period e.g., about 1 week, about 2 weeks, about 3 weeks, about 4 weeks, about 5 weeks, about 6 weeks, about 7 weeks, or about 8 weeks
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is initially administered hourly and is later administered at a longer interval (e.g., daily, weekly, biweekly, or monthly) . In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is initially administered daily and is later administered at a longer interval (e.g., weekly, biweekly, or monthly) . In certain embodiments, the longer interval increases over time or is determined based on the achievement of a desired effect. Before administration of a full dose of the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent, patients can be administered a smaller dose, such as a 5%infusion dose, and monitored for adverse effects, such as an allergic reaction, or for elevated lipid levels or blood pressure. In another example, the patient can be monitored for unwanted effects.
- a smaller dose such as a 5%infusion dose
- adverse effects such as an allergic reaction, or for elevated lipid levels or blood pressure.
- the patient can be monitored for unwanted effects.
- the disclosure provides a method for modulating (e.g., inhibiting or activating) the expression of SCN9A, e.g., in a cell, in a tissue, or in a subject.
- the cell or tissue is ex vivo, in vitro, or in vivo.
- the cell or tissue is in the central nervous system (e.g., brain or spine tissue, e.g., cortex, cerebellum, dorsal root ganglia, substantia nigra, cerebellar dentate nucleus, pallidum, striatum, brainstem, thalamus, subthalamic, red, and pontine nuclei, cranial nerve nuclei and the anterior horn; and Clarke’s column of the spinal cord cervical spine, lumbar spine, or thoracic spine) .
- the cell or tissue is in a subject (e.g., a mammal, such as, for example, a human) .
- the subject e.g., the human
- the subject is at risk, or is diagnosed with a disorder related to expression of SCN9A expression, as described herein.
- the method includes contacting the cell with a dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent as described herein, in an amount effective to decrease the expression of SCN9A in the cell.
- contacting a cell with an dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent includes contacting a cell in vitro with the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent or contacting a cell in vivo with the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is put into physical contact with the cell by the individual performing the method, or the RNAi agent may be put into a situation that will permit or cause it to subsequently come into contact with the cell.
- Contacting a cell in vitro may be done, for example, by incubating the cell with the RNAi agent.
- Contacting a cell in vivo may be done, for example, by injecting the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent into or near the tissue where the cell is located, or by injecting the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent into another area, e.g., a CNS or spine tissue.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent may contain or be coupled to a ligand, e.g., a lipophilic moiety or moieties as described below and further detailed, e.g., in PCT/US2019/031170 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, including the passages therein describing lipophilic moieties, that directs or otherwise stabilizes the RNAi agent at a site of interest.
- a ligand e.g., a lipophilic moiety or moieties as described below and further detailed, e.g., in PCT/US2019/031170 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, including the passages therein describing lipophilic moieties, that directs or otherwise stabilizes the RNAi agent at a site of interest.
- a cell may also be contacted in vitro with an RNAi agent and subsequently transplanted into a subject.
- the expression of SCN9A may be assessed based on the level of expression of SCN9A mRNA, SCN9A protein, or the level of another parameter functionally linked to the level of expression of SCN9A.
- the expression of SCN9A is inhibited by at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95%.
- the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent has an IC50 in the range of 0.001-0.01 nM, 0.001-0.10 nM, 0.001-1.0 nM, 0.001-10 nM, 0.01-0.05 nM, 0.01-0.50 nM, 0.02-0.60 nM, 0.01-1.0 nM, 0.01-1.5 nM, 0.01-10 nM, or 0.01 –20 nM.
- the IC50 value may be normalized relative to an appropriate control value, e.g., the IC50 of a non-targeting dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent.
- the method includes introducing into the cell or tissue an dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent as described herein and maintaining the cell or tissue for a time sufficient to obtain degradation of the mRNA transcript of SCN9A, thereby inhibiting the expression of SCN9A in the cell or tissue.
- the method includes administering a composition described herein, e.g., a composition comprising an dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent to the mammal such that expression of the target SCN9A is decreased, such as for an extended duration, e.g., at least two, three, four days or more, e.g., one week, two weeks, three weeks, or four weeks or longer.
- the decrease in expression of SCN9A is detectable within 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, or 24 hours of the first administration.
- the method includes administering a composition as described herein to a mammal such that expression of the target SCN9A is increased by e.g., at least 10%compared to an untreated animal.
- the activation of SCN9A occurs over an extended duration, e.g., at least two, three, four days or more, e.g., one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, or more.
- compositions and methods for inhibiting the expression of SCN9A using dsRNA agents or ssRNA agents can be prepared and performed as described elsewhere herein.
- the method includes administering a composition containing an dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent, where the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent includes a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to at least a part of an RNA transcript of SCN9A of the subject, e.g., the mammal, e.g., the human, to be treated.
- the composition may be administered by any appropriate means known in the art including, but not limited to intracranial, intrathecal, intraventricular, topical, and intravenous administration.
- the composition is administered, e.g., using oral, intraperitoneal, or parenteral routes, including intracranial (e.g., intraventricular, intraparenchymal, intracranial, and intrathecal) , intravenous, intramuscular, intravitreal, subcutaneous, transdermal, airway (aerosol) , nasal, or rectal.
- the composition is administered topically (e.g., buccal and sublingual administration) .
- the composition is administered by intravenous infusion or injection.
- the compositions are administered by intrathecal injection.
- the compositions are administered by intraventricular injection.
- the compositions are administered by intracranial injection.
- the compositions are administered by epidural injection.
- the compositions are administered by intraganglionic injection.
- the composition is administered by intravenous infusion or injection.
- the composition comprises a lipid formulated dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent (e.g., an LNP formulation) for intravenous infusion.
- siRNAs targeting human SCN9A transcript mRNA (NM_002977.3) (SEQ ID NO: 529) were designed.
- the human SCN9A mRNA (NM_002977.3) has a length of 9771 bases.
- Detailed lists of the unmodified SCN9A sense and antisense strand nucleotides are shown in Table 2.
- Unmodified and modified siRNAs were synthesized on an oligonucleotide synthesizer using commercially available 5’-O-DMT-2’-O- (t-butyl-dimethylsilyl) -3’-O- (2-cyanoethyl-N, N-diisopropyl) phosphoramidite, 5’-O-DMT-2’-O-methyl -3’-O- (2-cyanoethyl-N, N-diisopropyl) phosphoramidite, and 5’-O-DMT-2’-fluoro-2’-deoxy-3’-O- (2-cyanoethyl-N, N-diisopropyl) phosphoramidite monomers of uridine (U) , 4-N-acetylcytidine (C Ac ) , 6-N-benzoyladenosine (A Bz ) , and 2-N-isobutyrylguanosine (G iBu ) ,
- the modified siRNA sequences (Table 3) comprised a pattern of 2’-O-methyl and 2’-fluoro modified nucleotides (Table 1) .
- Table 3 The modified siRNA sequences (Table 3) comprised a pattern of 2’-O-methyl and 2’-fluoro modified nucleotides (Table 1) .
- all single strands were HPLC purified to >90%purity.
- the purity and identity of the oligonucleotides were confirmed by RP-HPLC and LC-MS, respectively.
- equimolar amounts of the respective single strands were dissolved in water and heated to 90°C for 10 min. After gradual cooling to room temperature (RT) , the resulting duplex was lyophilized.
- *It indicates the starting position of the corresponding sequence of the oligonucleotide within the transcript sequence.
- Huh7 cells were seeded into 96-well plates at a density of 2 ⁇ 10 4 cells/well (0.1 mL/well) .
- the cells were transfected with the test compounds using the Lipofectamine TM RNAiMAX transfection reagent at the same time of cell seeding.
- the cells were cultured at 37°C and 5%CO 2 for 48 hours.
- the RNAiMAX transfection reagent without dsRNA agents was used as a control. 48 hours after transfection, the culture medium was discarded, and cells were collected for RNA extraction.
- 21 dsRNA agents were selected for further study at 1 nM and 0.1 nM (Table 5) .
- the SCN9A dsRNA agents N3T030164-01, N3T030165-01, N3T030167-01, N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, and N3T030172-01 in Table 6 were added into the Huh7 cells in a 96-well plate without transfection reagents. All the dsRNA agents were tested at 10 ⁇ M and 3 ⁇ M for 72 hours. After free uptake, the culture medium was discarded and cells were collected for RNA extraction.
- Am, Cm, Gm, and Um indicate 2’-O-methyl (2’-OMe) sugar modifications, respectively, to adenosine, cytidine, guanosine and uridine;
- Af, Cf, Gf, and Uf indicate 2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro (2’-F) sugar modifications, respectively, to adenosine, cytidine, guanosine and uridine;
- s indicates phosphorothioate (PS) linkage.
- the SCN9A dsRNA agents N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, N3T030172-01, N3T030173-01, N3T030174-01, N3T030175-01, N3T030176-01, and N3T030177-01 in Table 6 were added into the Human Lung Epithelial cells A549 in a 96-well plate without transfection reagents. All the dsRNA agents were tested at 10 ⁇ M and 3 ⁇ M. 72 hours after free uptake, the culture medium was discarded and cells were collected for RNA extraction.
- iPSC-derived sensory neurons were seeded into 24-well plates at a density of 2.5 ⁇ 10 5 cells/well (0.5 mL/well) when switching on plates.
- the test human SCN9A dsRNA agents N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, N3T030177-01, and N3T030178-01 in Table 6 were free taken up into neurons in duplicates at 3 ⁇ M.
- the neurons were cultured at 37°C and 5%CO 2 . After 48 hours, the neurons were cultured with a fresh medium without dsRNA agents, and the dsRNA agent-treated samples were collected for RNA isolation after another 5 days. Neurons treated with PBS were used as negative control.
- the cDNA of the target gene was quantified by qPCR with specific primer and probe sets.
- the GAPDH cDNA was measured as a housekeeping gene in parallel.
- mice On Day 0, male rhesus monkeys (average body weight: about 5-6 kg) were intrathecally administered a single 60 mg dose of the N3T030171-01 duplex in a volume of 2 mL, or 2 mL scrambled dsRNA in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) . Animals were sacrificed on Day 7 post-dosing. Tissue samples were collected and the level of SCN9A mRNA was quantified as described above.
- aCSF cerebrospinal fluid
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Abstract
Provided herein are double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) and single-stranded ribonucleic acid (ssRNA) compositions targeting SCN9A, and methods of using such dsRNA and/or ssRNA compositions to alter (e.g., inhibit) expression of SCN9A.
Description
The disclosure relates to the specific inhibition of the expression of the SCN9A gene for treating disorders of a subject in need.
Pain, e.g., chronic pain is a prevalent symptom and major cause of disability. Chronic pain can result from inflammatory pain or neuropathic pain, or it can be associated with a disease or disorder, e.g., cancer, arthritis, diabetes, traumatic injury and/or viral infections. Hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity to pain can also result from pain-related disorders, including but not limited to an inability to sense pain, primary erythromelalgia (PE) , and paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) . Current therapies for pain are non-selective for their targets and result in unwanted, off-target effects involving the central nervous system (CNS) . There is a substantial unmet medical need for pain indications.
New treatments for pain, e.g., chronic pain and pain-related disorders are needed.
In one aspect, the disclosure is related to a double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) agent for inhibiting expression of sodium channel, voltage gated, type IX alpha subunit (SCN9A) , in some embodiments, the dsRNA agent comprises a sense strand and an antisense strand forming a double stranded region, in some embodiments, the antisense strand comprises a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, from one of the antisense sequences listed in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 and in some embodiments, the sense strand comprises a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, from a sense sequence listed in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 that corresponds to the antisense sequence. In some embodiments, the sense strand comprises a sequence that is a portion within nucleotides 373-391, 822-840, 938-956, 1225-1243, 1580-1598, 1581-1599, 1595-1613, 1768-1786, 2534-2552, 2535-2553, 2544-2562, 2547-2565, 2550-2568, 2553-2571, 2560-2578, 2571-2589, 2781-2799, 3132-3150, 4043-4061, 5239-5347, or 6216-6234 of SEQ ID NO: 529. In some embodiments, the sense strand comprises a sequence that is a portion within nucleotides 330-348, 779-797, 895-913, 1182-1200, 1537-1555, 1538-1556, 1552-1570, 1725-1743, 2524-2542, 2525-2543, 2534-2552, 2537-2555, 2540-2558, 2543-2561, 2550-2568, 2561-2579, 2771-2789, 3122-3140, 4033-4051, 5319-5337, or 6206-6224 of SEQ ID NO: 530. In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) . In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) . In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 15 and 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 31 and 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 33 and 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 45 and 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 79 and 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 183 and 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 185 and 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 189 and 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 191 and 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 199 and 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 201 and 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 203 and 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 207 and 208) . In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is N3T030001-01, N3T030005-01, N3T030007-01, N3T030008-01, N3T030009-01, N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030016-01, N3T030017-01, N3T030023-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, N3T030117-01, N3T030118-01, N3T030120-01, N3T030121-01, N3T030124-01, N3T030125-01, N3T030126-01, N3T030127-01, or N3T030129-01.
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) . In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) . In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 15 and 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 31 and 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 33 and 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 45 and 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 79 and 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 183 and 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 185 and 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 189 and 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 191 and 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 199 and 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 201 and 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 203 and 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 207 and 208) . In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is N3T030001-01, N3T030005-01, N3T030007-01, N3T030008-01, N3T030009-01, N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030016-01, N3T030017-01, N3T030023-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, N3T030117-01, N3T030118-01, N3T030120-01, N3T030121-01, N3T030124-01, N3T030125-01, N3T030126-01, N3T030127-01, or N3T030129-01.
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) . In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) . In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 79 and 80) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198) . In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, or N3T030124-01.
In some embodiments, at least one of the sense strand and the antisense strand is conjugated to one or more lipophilic moiety. In some embodiments, the one or more lipophilic moiety is conjugated directly or via a linker or carrier. In some embodiments, the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to one or more internal positions on at least one strand. In some embodiments, the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to the end of at least one strand of sense strand or anti-sense strand. In some embodiments, the lipophilic moiety is an aliphatic, alicyclic, or polyalicyclic compound. In some embodiments, the lipophilic moiety contains a saturated or unsaturated C10-C30 hydrocarbon chain. In some embodiments, the lipophilic moiety is conjugated via a carrier that replaces one or more nucleotide (s) in the internal position (s) or attaches to the double stranded region. In some embodiments, the lipophilic moiety is conjugated to the double-stranded RNA via a linker containing an ether, thioether, urea, carbonate, amine, amide, maleimide-thioether, disulfide, phosphodiester, sulfonamide linkage, a product of a click reaction, or carbamate.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent comprises at least one modified nucleotide. In some embodiments, no more than five of the sense strand nucleotides and no more than five of the nucleotides of the antisense strand are unmodified nucleotides. In some embodiments, all of the nucleotides of the sense strand and all of the nucleotides of the antisense strand comprise a modification. In some embodiments, at least one of the modified nucleotides is selected from the group consisting of a deoxy-nucleotide, a 3’-terminal deoxythimidine (dT) nucleotide, a 2’-O-methyl modified nucleotide, a 2’-fluoro modified nucleotide, a 2’-deoxy-modified nucleotide, a locked nucleotide, an unlocked nucleotide, a conformationally restricted nucleotide, a constrained ethyl nucleotide, an abasic nucleotide, a 2’-amino-modified nucleotide, a 2’-O-allyl-modified nucleotide, 2’-C-alkyl-modified nucleotide, a 2’-methoxyethyl modified nucleotide, a 2’-O-alkyl-modified nucleotide, a morpholino nucleotide, a phosphoramidate, a non-natural base comprising nucleotide, a tetrahydropyran modified nucleotide, a 1, 5-anhydrohexitol modified nucleotide, a cyclohexenyl modified nucleotide, a nucleotide comprising a phosphorothioate group, a nucleotide comprising a methylphosphonate group, a nucleotide comprising a 5’-phosphate, a nucleotide comprising a 5’-phosphate mimic, a glycol modified nucleotide, and a 2-O- (N-methylacetamide) modified nucleotide; and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent described herein comprises a 5’ block on the sense strand. In some embodiments, at least one strand comprises a 3’ overhang of at least 2 nucleotides. In some embodiments, the double stranded region is 15-30 nucleotide pairs in length. In some embodiments, the double stranded region is 17-23 nucleotide pairs in length. In some embodiments, each strand is about 19-30 nucleotides in length. In some embodiments, the agent comprises at least one phosphorothioate or methylphosphonate internucleotide linkage. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent described herein further comprises a phosphate or phosphate mimic at the 5’-end of the antisense strand. In some embodiments, the phosphate mimic is a phosphonate, e.g., a (E) -vinylphosphonate. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent described herein comprises an acyclic nucleoside or analog at position 6 and/or 7 from the 5’ end of the antisense strand.
In some embodiments, the sense strand comprises the sequence and/or all the modifications as shown in Table 3 and/or Table 6, and the antisense strand comprises the sequence and/or all the modifications as shown in Table 3 and/or Table 6.
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 536) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 538) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 540) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 550) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 552) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 554) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 556) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 558) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) . In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 536) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 538) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 540) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 550) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 552) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 554) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 556) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 558) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 555) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 557) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 559) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 555) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 557) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 559) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) . In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 536 and 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 538 and 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 540 and 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 542 and 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 544 and 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 546 and 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 548 and 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 550 and 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 552 and 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 554 and 555) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 556 and 557) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 558 and 559) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 560 and 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 562 and 563) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 265 and 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 273 and 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 277 and 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 279 and 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 281 and 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 289 and 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 293 and 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 295 and 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 297 and 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 309 and 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 327 and 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 343 and 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 447 and 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 449 and 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 453 ad 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 455 and 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 461 and 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 463 and 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 465 and 466) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 467 and 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 471 and 472) . In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is modified N3T030164-01, N3T030165-01, N3T030167-01, N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, N3T030172-01, N3T030173-01, N3T030174-01, N3T030175-01, N3T030176-01, N3T030177-01, N3T030178-01, N3T030001-01M, N3T030005-01M, N3T030007-01M, N3T030008-01M, N3T030009-01M, N3T030013-01M, N3T030015-01M, N3T030016-01M, N3T030017-01M, N3T030023-01M, N3T030032-01M, N3T030040-01M, N3T030117-01M, N3T030118-01M, N3T030120-01M, N3T030121-01M, N3T030124-01M, N3T030125-01M, N3T030126-01M, N3T030127-01M, and N3T030129-01M as shown in Table 3 and/or Table 6.
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) . In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) . In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 265 and 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 273 and 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 277 and 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 279 and 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 281 and 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 289 and 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 293 and 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 295 and 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 297 and 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 309 and 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 327 and 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 343 and 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 447 and 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 449 and 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 453 ad 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 455 and 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 461 and 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 463 and 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 465 and 466) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 467 and 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 471 and 472) . In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is N3T030001-01M, N3T030005-01M, N3T030007-01M, N3T030008-01M, N3T030009-01M, N3T030013-01M, N3T030015-01M, N3T030016-01M, N3T030017-01M, N3T030023-01M, N3T030032-01M, N3T030040-01M, N3T030117-01M, N3T030118-01M, N3T030120-01M, N3T030121-01M, N3T030124-01M, N3T030125-01M, N3T030126-01M, N3T030127-01M, and N3T030129-01M as shown in Table 3.
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) . In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) . In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) . In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 542 and 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 544 and 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 546 and 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 548 and 549) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 560 and 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 562 and 563) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 289 and 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 293 and 294) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 327 and 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 343 and 344) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 461 and 462) . In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is modified N3T030013-01M, N3T030015-01M, N3T030032-01M, N3T030040-01M, or N3T030124-01M as shown in Table 3, or in some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is modified N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, N3T030177-01, or N3T030178-01 as shown in Table 6.
In one aspect, the disclosure is related to a single-stranded ribonucleic acid (ssRNA) agent for inhibiting expression of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) , in some embodiments, the ssRNA agent comprises an antisense strand of any one of the dsRNA agent described herein.
In one aspect, the disclosure is related to a cell containing the dsRNA agent and/or the ssRNA agent described herein.
In one aspect, the disclosure is related to a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting the expression of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) , comprising the dsRNA agent and/or the ssRNA agent described herein.
In one aspect, the disclosure is related to a method of inhibiting expression of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) in a cell, the method comprising: (a) contacting the cell with the dsRNA agent, the ssRNA agent, or a pharmaceutical composition described herein; and (b) maintaining the cell produced in step (a) for a time sufficient to reduce levels of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) mRNA, Nav1.7 (SCN9A) protein, or both of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) mRNA and protein, thereby inhibiting expression of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) in the cell. In some embodiments, the cell is within a subject. In some embodiments, the subject is a human. In some embodiments, the subject has been diagnosed with a Nav1.7 (SCN9A) -associated disorder, e.g., pain (e.g., chronic pain, inflammatory pain, or neuropathic pain) , pain hypersensitivity, pain hyposensitivity, primary erythromelalgia (PE) , paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) , small fiber neuropathy (SFN) , trigeminal neuralgia (TN) , and/or pain associated with, e.g., cancer, arthritis, diabetes, traumatic injury and/or viral infections.
In one aspect, the disclosure is related to a method of treating a subject having or diagnosed with having a Nav1.7 (SCN9A) -associated disorder comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the dsRNA agent, the ssRNA agent, or the pharmaceutical composition described herein, thereby treating the disorder. In some embodiments, the Nav1.7 (SCN9A) -associated disorder is pain, e.g., chronic pain. In some embodiments, the chronic pain is associated with one or more of the disorders in the group consisting of pain hypersensitivity, pain hyposensitivity, inability to sense pain, primary erythromelalgia (PE) , paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) , small fiber neuropathy (SFN) , trigeminal neuralgia (TN) , and pain associated with cancer, arthritis, diabetes, traumatic injury or viral infections. In some embodiments, treating comprises amelioration of at least one sign or symptom of the disorder. In some embodiments, the treating comprises (a) reducing pain; and/or (b) inhibiting or reducing the expression or activity of SCN9A. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent, the ssRNA agent, or the pharmaceutical composition is administered to the subject locally, intravenously, intrathecally, or via intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection. In some embodiments, the method described herein further comprises administering to the subject an additional agent or therapy suitable for treatment or prevention of an SCN9A-associated disorder (e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) , acetaminophen, opioids, or corticosteroids, acupuncture, therapeutic massage, dorsal root ganglion stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, and/or topical pain relievers) .
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Methods and materials are described herein for use in the present invention; other, suitable methods and materials known in the art can also be used. The materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting. All publications, patent applications, patents, sequences, database entries, and other references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, shall take precedence.
The details of various embodiments of the disclosure are set forth in the description below. Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description and figures, and from the claims.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the SCN9A gene showing the position of known mutations (arrows) that result in human disorders of pain appreciation. The regions of the gene that encode the transmembrane segments and the inactivation domain are indicated (see shaded key) .
FIGs. 2A-2L show hotspots on the NaV1.7 (SCN9A) sequence for silencing the gene expression. Among them, FIGs. 2A-2G show the hotspots on human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) sequences for silencing the gene expression. FIG. 2H shows the hotspots on rat NaV1.7 (SCN9A) sequences for silencing the gene expression. FIGs. 2I-2L show the hotspots on rhesus monkey NaV1.7 (SCN9A) sequences for silencing the gene expression.
FIG. 3 shows a few sequences described herein.
The present disclosure provides compositions (e.g., dsRNA agents) and methods for modulating (e.g., inhibiting) the expression of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) . Such modulation can be useful in treating disorders related to SCN9A expression, such as pain.
Definitions
For convenience, the meaning of certain terms and phrases used in the specification, examples, and appended claims, are provided below. If there is an apparent discrepancy between the usage of a term in other parts of this specification and its definition provided in this section, the definition in this section shall prevail.
The term “about” when referring to a number or a numerical range means that the number or numerical range referred to is an approximation within experimental variability (or within statistical experimental error) , and thus the number or numerical range may vary for example, from ± 15%of the stated number or numerical range.
The terms “or more’ and “at least” prior to a number or series of numbers is understood to include the number adjacent to the term “at least” , and all subsequent numbers or integers that could logically be included, as clear from context. For example, the number of nucleotides in a nucleic acid molecule must be an integer. For example, “at least 17 nucleotides of a 20-nucleotide nucleic acid molecule” means that 17, 18, 19, or 20 nucleotides have the indicated property. When “at least” is present before a series of numbers or a range, it is understood that “at least” can modify each of the numbers in the series or range.
As used herein, “or less” and “no more than” are understood as including the value adjacent to the phrase and logical lower values or integers, as logical from context, to zero. For example, a duplex with mismatches to a target site of “no more than 2 nucleotides” has a 2, 1, or 0 mismatches. When “no more than” is present before a series of numbers or a range, it is understood that “no more than” can modify each of the numbers in the series or range.
As used herein, “less than” is understood as not including the value adjacent to the phrase and including logical lower values or integers, as logical from context, to zero. For example, a duplex with mismatches to a target site of “less than 3 nucleotides” has 2, 1, or 0 mismatches. When “less than” is present before a series of numbers or a range, it is understood that “less than” can modify each of the numbers in the series or range.
As used herein, “more than” is understood as not including the value adjacent to the phrase and including all logically higher values or integers, as logically from context, to infinity. For example, a duplex with mismatches to a target site of “more than 3 nucleotides” has 4, 5, 6, or more mismatches. When “more than” is present before a series of numbers or a range, it is understood that “more than” can modify each of the numbers in the series or range.
As used herein, “up to” as in “up to 10” is understood as up to and including 10, i.e., 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10. Ranges provided herein are understood to include all individual integer values and all subranges within the ranges.
The terms “silence, ” “inhibit expression of, ” “down-regulate expression of, ” “suppress expression of, ” and the like, in so far as they refer to SCN9A, herein refer to the at least partial suppression of the expression of SCN9A, as assessed, e.g., based on SCN9A mRNA expression, SCN9A protein expression, or another parameter functionally linked to SCN9A expression. For example, inhibition of SCN9A expression may be manifested by a reduction of the amount of SCN9A mRNA which may be isolated from or detected in a first cell or group of cells in which SCN9A is transcribed and which has or have been treated such that the expression of SCN9A is inhibited, as compared to a control. The control may be a second cell or group of cells substantially identical to the first cell or group of cells, except that the second cell or group of cells have not been so treated (control cells) . The degree of inhibition is usually expressed as a percentage of a control level, e.g.,
Alternatively, the degree of inhibition may be given in terms of a reduction of a parameter that is functionally linked to SCN9A expression, e.g., the amount of protein encoded by a SCN9A gene. The reduction of a parameter functionally linked to SCN9A expression may similarly be expressed as a percentage of a control level. In principle, SCN9A silencing may be determined in any cell expressing SCN9A, either constitutively or by genomic engineering, and by any appropriate assay. For example, in certain instances, expression of SCN9A is suppressed by at least about 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 98%, 99%, or more by administration of an iRNA as described herein.
As used herein, the term "iRNA" (interfering RNA) broadly encompasses any RNA-based molecule capable of modulating gene expression through mechanisms involving sequence-specific binding to a target RNA. This includes, without limitation, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) , antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) , microRNAs (miRNAs) , single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) molecules, short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) , and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) , as well as any synthetic, naturally occurring, or chemically modified variants thereof.
The term “antisense strand” or “guide strand” refers to the strand of an iRNA, e.g., a dsRNA, which includes a region that is substantially complementary to a target sequence.
As used herein, the term “region of complementarity” refers to the region on the antisense strand that is substantially complementary to a sequence, for example a target sequence, as defined herein. Where the region of complementarity is not fully complementary to the target sequence, the mismatches may be in the internal or terminal regions of the molecule. In some embodiments, the region of complementarity comprises 0, 1, or 2 mismatches.
The term “sense strand” or “passenger strand” as used herein, refers to the strand of an iRNA that includes a region that is substantially complementary to a region of the antisense strand as that term is defined herein.
The terms “blunt” or “blunt ended” as used herein in reference to a dsRNA mean that there are no unpaired nucleotides or nucleotide analogs at a given terminal end of a dsRNA, i.e., no nucleotide overhang. One or both ends of a dsRNA can be blunt. Where both ends of a dsRNA are blunt, the dsRNA is said to be blunt ended. To be clear, a “blunt ended” dsRNA is a dsRNA that is blunt at both ends, i.e., no nucleotide overhang at either end of the molecule. Most often such a molecule will be double-stranded over its entire length.
As used herein, the term “overhang” refers to unpaired nucleotide (s) or nucleotide analog (s) at a given terminal end of one or both strands of the iRNA (e.g., dsRNA) agent. The overhang of the iRNA (e.g., dsRNA) agent can be at the 3’ and/or the 5’ end of the sense and/or antisense strand. In some embodiments, an overhang is at the 3’ end of the sense and/or antisense strand. The overhang can have 1, 2, 3 or more nucleotides. In some embodiments, the overhang is 1, 2, or 3 nucleotides long.
As used herein, and unless otherwise indicated, the term “complementary, ” when used to describe a first nucleotide sequence in relation to a second nucleotide sequence, refers to the ability of an oligonucleotide or polynucleotide comprising the first nucleotide sequence to hybridize and form a duplex structure under certain conditions with an oligonucleotide or polynucleotide comprising the second nucleotide sequence, as will be understood by the skilled person. The skilled person will be able to determine the set of conditions most appropriate for a test of complementarity of two sequences in accordance with the ultimate application of the hybridized nucleotides.
Complementary sequences within an iRNA, e.g., within a dsRNA as described herein, include base-pairing of the oligonucleotide or polynucleotide comprising a first nucleotide sequence to an oligonucleotide or polynucleotide comprising a second nucleotide sequence over the entire length of one or both nucleotide sequences. Such sequences can be referred to as “fully complementary” with respect to each other herein. However, where a first sequence is referred to as “substantially complementary” with respect to a second sequence herein, the two sequences can be fully complementary, or they may form one or more, but generally not more than 5, 4, 3 or 2 mismatched base pairs upon hybridization for a duplex up to 30 base pairs, while retaining the ability to hybridize under the conditions most relevant to their ultimate application, e.g., inhibition of gene expression via a RISC pathway. However, where two oligonucleotides are designed to form, upon hybridization, one or more single stranded overhangs, such overhangs shall not be regarded as mismatches with regard to the determination of complementarity. For example, a dsRNA comprising one oligonucleotide 21 nucleotides in length and another oligonucleotide 23 nucleotides in length, wherein the longer oligonucleotide comprises a sequence of 21 nucleotides that is fully complementary to the shorter oligonucleotide, may yet be referred to as “fully complementary” for the purposes described herein. Complementary sequences, as used herein, may also include, or be formed entirely from, non-Watson-Crick base pairs and/or base pairs formed from non-natural and modified nucleotides, in as far as the above requirements with respect to their ability to hybridize are fulfilled. Such non-Watson-Crick base pairs includes, but are not limited to, G: U Wobble or Hoogsteen base pairing.
The terms “complementary, ” “fully complementary” and “substantially complementary” herein may be used with respect to the base matching between two oligonucleotides or polynucleotides, such as the sense strand and the antisense strand of a dsRNA, or between the antisense strand of an iRNA agent and a target sequence, as will be understood from the context of their use. As used herein, a polynucleotide that is “substantially complementary to at least part of” a messenger RNA (mRNA) refers to a polynucleotide that is substantially complementary to a contiguous portion of the mRNA of interest (e.g., an mRNA encoding a SCN9A protein) . For example, a polynucleotide is complementary to at least a part of a SCN9A mRNA if the sequence is substantially complementary to a non-interrupted portion of an mRNA encoding SCN9A. The term “complementarity” refers to the capacity for pairing between nucleobases of a first nucleic acid and a second nucleic acid.
As used herein, the term “region of complementarity” refers to the region of one nucleotide sequence agent that is substantially complementary to another sequence, e.g., the region of a sense sequence and corresponding antisense sequence of a dsRNA, or the antisense strand of an iRNA agent (e.g., dsRNA agent) and a target sequence, e.g., a SCN9A nucleotide sequence, as defined herein. Where the region of complementarity is not fully complementary to the target sequence, the mismatches can be in the internal or terminal regions of the antisense strand of the iRNA agent (e.g., dsRNA agent) . Generally, the most tolerated mismatches are in the terminal regions, e.g., within 5, 4, 3, or 2 nucleotides of the 5’-or 3’-terminus of the iRNA agent (e.g., dsRNA agent) .
“Contacting, ” as used herein, includes directly contacting a cell, as well as indirectly contacting a cell. For example, a cell within a subject may be contacted when a composition comprising an iRNA agent (e.g., dsRNA agent) is administered (e.g., intravenously, intrathecally, intracranially, intracerebrally, or intraventricularly) to the subject.
“Introducing into a cell, ” when referring to an iRNA agent (e.g., dsRNA agent) , means facilitating or effecting uptake or absorption into the cell. Absorption or uptake of an iRNA agent (e.g., dsRNA agent) can occur through unaided diffusive or active cellular processes, or by auxiliary agents or devices. The meaning of this term is not limited to cells in vitro; an iRNA agent (e.g., dsRNA agent) may also be "introduced into a cell, ” wherein the cell is part of a living organism. In such an instance, introduction into the cell will include the delivery to the organism. For example, for in vivo delivery, an iRNA agent (e.g., dsRNA agent) can be injected into a tissue site or administered systemically. In vitro introduction into a cell includes methods known in the art such as electroporation and lipofection. Further approaches are described herein below or known in the art.
As used herein, a “disorder related to SCN9A expression, ” a “disease related to SCN9A expression, ” a “pathological process related to SCN9A expression, ” a “SCN9A-associated disorder, ” a “SCN9A-associated disease, ” or the like includes any condition, disorder, or disease in which SCN9A expression is altered (e.g., decreased or increased relative to a reference level, e.g., a level characteristic of a non-diseased subject) . In some embodiments, SCN9A expression is decreased. In some embodiments, SCN9A expression is increased. In some embodiments, the decrease or increase in SCN9A expression is detectable in a tissue sample from the subject (e.g., in a cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) sample or a CNS biopsy sample) . The decrease or increase may be assessed relative to the level observed in the same individual prior to the development of the disorder or relative to other individual (s) who do not have the disorder. The decrease or increase may be limited to a particular organ, tissue, or region of the body (e.g., the brain or the spine) . SCN9A-associated disorders include, but are not limited to, pain, e.g., chronic pain or pain-related disorders.
“Pain” as defined herein includes acute pain and chronic pain. Chronic pain includes inflammatory (nociceptive) and neuropathic pain associated with disorders including, but not limited to, cancer, arthritis, diabetes, traumatic injury and viral infections. Also included is pain due to inherited pain syndromes including, but not limited to primary erythermalgia (PE) and paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) .
The term “double-stranded RNA, ” “dsRNA, ” or “siRNA” as used herein, refers to an iRNA that includes an RNA molecule or complex of molecules having a hybridized duplex region that comprises two anti-parallel and substantially complementary nucleic acid strands, which will be referred to as having “sense” and “antisense” orientations with respect to a target RNA. The duplex region can be of any length that permits specific degradation of a desired target RNA, e.g., through a RISC pathway, but will typically range from 9 to 36 base pairs in length, e.g., 15-30 base pairs in length. Considering a duplex between 9 and 36 base pairs, the duplex can be any length in this range, for example, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, or 36 and any sub-range therein between, including, but not limited to 15-30 base pairs, 15-26 base pairs, 15-23 base pairs, 15-22 base pairs, 15-21 base pairs, 15-20 base pairs, 15-19 base pairs, 15-18 base pairs, 15-17 base pairs, 17-23 base pairs, 18-30 base pairs, 18-26 base pairs, 18-23 base pairs, 18-22 base pairs, 18-21 base pairs, 18-20 base pairs, 19-30 base pairs, 19-26 base pairs, 19-23 base pairs, 19-22 base pairs, 19-21 base pairs, 19-20 base pairs, 20-30 base pairs, 20-26 base pairs, 20-25 base pairs, 20-24 base pairs, 20-23 base pairs, 20-22 base pairs, 20-21 base pairs, 21-30 base pairs, 21-26 base pairs, 21-25 base pairs, 21-24 base pairs, 21-23 base pairs, or 21-22 base pairs. dsRNAs generated in the cell by processing with Dicer and similar enzymes are generally in the range of 19-22 base pairs in length. One strand of the duplex region of a dsDNA comprises a sequence that is substantially complementary to a region of a target RNA. The two strands forming the duplex structure can be from a single RNA molecule having at least one self-complementary region, or can be formed from two or more separate RNA molecules. Where the duplex region is formed from two strands of a single molecule, the molecule can have a duplex region separated by a single stranded chain of nucleotides (herein referred to as a "hairpin loop" ) between the 3’-end of one strand and the 5’-end of the respective other strand forming the duplex structure. The hairpin loop can comprise at least one unpaired nucleotide; in some embodiments the hairpin loop can comprise at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, at least 20, at least 23 or more unpaired nucleotides. Where the two substantially complementary strands of a dsRNA are comprised by separate RNA molecules, those molecules need not, but can be covalently connected. In some embodiments, the two strands are connected covalently by means other than a hairpin loop, and the connecting structure is a linker.
Any of the antisense nucleotide sequences described herein (e.g., sequences provided in Tables 2 or 3) may be used as a single-stranded siRNA as described herein and optionally as chemically modified, e.g., as described herein, e.g., by the methods described in Lima et al., (2012) Cell 150: 883-894. In some embodiments, an RNA interference agent includes a single stranded RNA that interacts with a target RNA sequence to direct the cleavage of the target RNA.
Without wishing to be bound by theory, long double stranded RNA introduced into cells is broken down into siRNA by a Type III endonuclease known as Dicer (Sharp et al., Genes Dev. 2001, 15: 485) . Dicer, a ribonuclease-III-like enzyme, processes the dsRNA into 19-23 base pair short interfering RNAs with characteristic two base 3’ overhangs (Bernstein, et al., (2001) Nature 409: 363) . The siRNAs are then incorporated into an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) where one or more helicases unwind the siRNA duplex, enabling the complementary antisense strand to guide target recognition (Nykanen, et al., (2001) Cell 107: 309) . Upon binding to the appropriate target mRNA, one or more endonucleases within the RISC cleaves the target to induce silencing (Elbashir, et al., (2001) Genes Dev. 15: 188) . Thus, in some embodiments, the disclosure relates to a single stranded RNA that promotes the formation of a RISC complex to effect silencing of the target gene. “G, ” “C, ” “A, ” “T” and “U” each generally stand for a nucleotide that contains guanine, cytosine, adenine, thymidine and uracil as a base, respectively. However, it will be understood that the terms “deoxyribonucleotide, ” “ribonucleotide, ” or “nucleotide” can also refer to a modified nucleotide, as further detailed below, or a surrogate replacement moiety. The skilled person is well aware that guanine, cytosine, adenine, and uracil may be replaced by other moieties without substantially altering the base pairing properties of an oligonucleotide comprising a nucleotide bearing such replacement moiety. For example, without limitation, a nucleotide comprising inosine as its base may base pair with nucleotides containing adenine, cytosine, or uracil. Hence, nucleotides containing uracil, guanine, or adenine may be replaced in the nucleotide sequences of dsRNA featured in the disclosure by a nucleotide containing, for example, inosine. In another example, adenine and cytosine anywhere in the oligonucleotide can be replaced with guanine and uracil, respectively to form G-U Wobble base pairing with the target mRNA. Sequences containing such replacement moieties are suitable for the compositions and methods featured in the disclosure.
As used herein, the term “iRNA, ” “RNAi” , “iRNA agent, ” or “RNAi agent” or “RNAi molecule” refers to an agent that contains RNA as that term is defined herein, and which mediates the targeted cleavage of an RNA transcript, e.g., via an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) pathway. In some embodiments, an iRNA as described herein effects inhibition of SCN9A expression, e.g., in a cell or mammal. Inhibition of SCN9A expression may be assessed based on a reduction in the level of SCN9A mRNA or a reduction in the level of the NaV1.7 (SCN9A) protein. In some embodiments, the iRNA agent may be a “double-stranded RNA. ” In some embodiments, the iRNA agent may be a “single-stranded siRNA” that is introduced into a cell or organism to inhibit a target mRNA. In some embodiments, single-stranded RNAi agents can bind complementary target SCN9A RNAs through Watson-Crick base pairing, inducing RNA degradation via recruitment of cellular nucleases (e.g., RNase H) or alter splicing events to modulate gene expression. The single-stranded siRNAs are generally 15-30 nucleotides and are optionally chemically modified. The design and testing of single-stranded siRNAs are described in U.S. Patent No. 8,101,348 and in Lima et al., (2012) Cell 150: 883-894, the entire contents of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, the iRNA agent may include one or more modified nucleotides (e.g., any of the modified nucleotides described herein) .
The term “linker” or “linking group” means an organic moiety that connects two parts of a compound, e.g., covalently attaches two parts of a compound.
The term “lipophile” or “lipophilic moiety” broadly refers to any compound or chemical moiety having an affinity for lipids. Methods of characterizing the lipophilicity of the lipophilic moiety are known in the art (see, e.g., Tetko et al., J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 41: 1407-21 (2001) , which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety) . The term “lipid nanoparticle” or “LNP” is a vesicle comprising a lipid layer encapsulating a pharmaceutically active molecule, such as a nucleic acid molecule, e.g., a RNAi agent or a plasmid from which a RNAi agent is transcribed. LNPs are described in, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 6,858,225, 6,815,432, 8,158,601, and 8,058,069, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
As used herein, the term “modulate the expression of, ” refers to an at least partial “inhibition” or partial “activation” of a gene (e.g., SCN9A gene) expression in a cell treated with an iRNA composition as described herein compared to the expression of the corresponding gene in a control cell. A control cell includes an untreated cell, or a cell treated with a non-targeting control iRNA.
The skilled artisan will recognize that the term “RNA molecule” or “ribonucleic acid molecule” encompasses not only RNA molecules as expressed or found in nature, but also analogs and derivatives of RNA comprising one or more ribonucleotide/ribonucleoside analogs or derivatives as described herein or as known in the art. Strictly speaking, a “ribonucleoside” includes a nucleoside base and a ribose sugar, and a “ribonucleotide” is a ribonucleoside with one, two or three phosphate moieties or analogs thereof (e.g., phosphorothioate) . However, the terms “ribonucleoside” and “ribonucleotide” can be considered to be equivalent as used herein. The RNA can be modified in the nucleobase structure, in the ribose structure, or in the ribose-phosphate backbone structure, e.g., as described herein below. However, the molecules comprising ribonucleoside analogs or derivatives must retain the ability to form a duplex. As non-limiting examples, an RNA molecule can also include at least one modified ribonucleoside including but not limited to a 2’-O-methyl modified nucleoside, a nucleoside comprising a 5’ phosphorothioate group, a terminal nucleoside linked to a cholesteryl derivative or dodecanoic acid bisdecylamide group, a locked nucleoside, an abasic nucleoside, an acyclic nucleoside, a glycol nucleotide (e.g., glycol nucleic acid, GNA) , a 2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro modified nucleoside, a 2’-amino-modified nucleoside, 2’-alkyl-modified nucleoside, morpholino nucleoside, a phosphoramidate or a non-natural base comprising nucleoside, or any combination thereof. Alternatively, or in combination, an RNA molecule can comprise at least two modified ribonucleosides, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20 or more, up to the entire length of the dsRNA molecule. The modifications need not be the same for each of such a plurality of modified ribonucleosides in an RNA molecule.
For clarity, it is understood that the term “iRNA” does not encompass a naturally occurring double stranded DNA molecule or a 100%deoxynucleoside-containing DNA molecule. In some aspects, a modified ribonucleoside includes a deoxyribonucleoside. In such an instance, an iRNA agent can comprise one or more deoxynucleosides, including, for example, a deoxynucleoside overhang (s) , or one or more deoxynucleosides within the double stranded portion of a dsRNA. In certain embodiments, the RNA molecule comprises a percentage of deoxyribonucleosides of at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95%or higher (but not 100%) deoxyribonucleosides, e.g., in one or both strands.
As used herein, the term “nucleotide overhang” refers to at least one unpaired nucleotide that protrudes from the duplex structure of an iRNA, e.g., a dsRNA. For example, when a 3’-end of one strand of a dsRNA extends beyond the 5’-end of the other strand, or vice versa, there is a nucleotide overhang. A dsRNA can comprise an overhang of at least one nucleotide; alternatively, the overhang can comprise at least two nucleotides, at least three nucleotides, at least four nucleotides, or at least five nucleotides or more. A nucleotide overhang can comprise or consist of a nucleotide/nucleoside analog, including a deoxynucleotide/nucleoside. The overhang (s) may be on the sense strand, the antisense strand or any combination thereof. Furthermore, the nucleotide (s) of an overhang can be present on the 5’ end, 3’ end or both ends of either an antisense or sense strand of a dsRNA. In some embodiments, the antisense strand of a dsRNA has a 1-10 nucleotide overhang at the 3’ end and/or the 5’ end. In some embodiments, the sense strand of a dsRNA has a 1-10 nucleotide overhang at the 3’ end and/or the 5’ end. In some embodiments, one or more of the nucleotides in the overhang is replaced with a nucleoside thiophosphate.
As used herein, a “pharmaceutical composition” comprises a pharmacologically effective amount of a therapeutic agent (e.g., an iRNA) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
As used herein, “pharmacologically effective amount, ” “therapeutically effective amount” or simply “effective amount” refers to that amount of an agent (e.g., iRNA) effective to produce the intended pharmacological, therapeutic or preventive result. For example, in a method of treating a disorder related to SCN9A expression (e.g., pain, e.g., chronic pain or pain-related disorder) , an effective amount includes an amount effective to reduce one or more symptoms associated with the disorder (e.g., an amount effective to (a) inhibit pain or (b) inhibit or reduces the expression or activity of SCN9A) or an amount effective to reduce the risk of developing conditions associated with the disorder. For example, if a given clinical treatment is considered effective when there is at least a 10%reduction in a measurable parameter associated with a disease or disorder, a therapeutically effective amount of a drug for the treatment of that disease or disorder is the amount necessary to obtain at least a 10%reduction in that parameter. For example, a therapeutically effective amount of an iRNA targeting SCN9A can reduce a level of SCN9A mRNA or a level of SCN9A protein by any measurable amount, e.g., by at least 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, or 95%.
The term “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” refers to a carrier for administration of a therapeutic agent. Such carriers include, but are not limited to, saline, buffered saline, dextrose, water, glycerol, ethanol, and combinations thereof. For drugs administered orally, pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include, but are not limited to pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as inert diluents, disintegrating agents, binding agents, lubricating agents, sweetening agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents and preservatives. Suitable inert diluents include sodium and calcium carbonate, sodium and calcium phosphate, and lactose, while corn starch and alginic acid are suitable disintegrating agents. Binding agents may include starch and gelatin, while the lubricating agent, if present, will generally be magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc. Agents included in drug formulations are described further herein below.
As used herein, a “subject” to be treated according to the methods described herein, includes a human or non-human animal, e.g., a mammal. The mammal may be, for example, a rodent (e.g., a rat or mouse) or a primate (e.g., a monkey) . In some embodiments, the subject is a human. A “subject in need thereof” includes a subject having, suspected of having, or at risk of developing a disorder related to SCN9A expression, e.g., overexpression (e.g., pain, e.g., chronic pain or a pain-related disorder) . In some embodiments, the subject has, or is suspected of having, a disorder related to SCN9A expression or overexpression. In some embodiments, the subject is at risk of developing a disorder related to SCN9A expression or overexpression.
As used herein, “target sequence” refers to a contiguous portion of the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule formed during the transcription of a gene, e.g., SCN9A, including mRNA that is a product of RNA processing of a primary transcription product. The target portion of the sequence will be at least long enough to serve as a substrate for iRNA-directed cleavage at or near that portion. For example, the target sequence will generally be from 9-36 nucleotides in length, e.g., 15-30 nucleotides in length, including all sub-ranges therebetween. As non-limiting examples, the target sequence can be from 15-30 nucleotides, 15-26 nucleotides, 15-23 nucleotides, 15-22 nucleotides, 15-21 nucleotides, 15-20 nucleotides, 15-19 nucleotides, 15-18 nucleotides, 15-17 nucleotides, 18-30 nucleotides, 18-26 nucleotides, 18-23 nucleotides, 18-22 nucleotides, 18-21 nucleotides, 18-20 nucleotides, 19-30 nucleotides, 19-26 nucleotides, 19-23 nucleotides, 19-22 nucleotides, 19-21 nucleotides, 19-20 nucleotides, 20-30 nucleotides, 20-26 nucleotides, 20-25 nucleotides, 20-24 nucleotides, 20-23 nucleotides, 20-22 nucleotides, 20-21 nucleotides, 21-30 nucleotides, 21-26 nucleotides, 21-25 nucleotides, 21-24 nucleotides, 21-23 nucleotides, or 21-22 nucleotides.
As used herein, the phrases “therapeutically effective amount” and “prophylactically effective amount” and the like refer to an amount that provides a therapeutic benefit in the treatment, prevention, or management of any disorder or pathological process related to SCN9A expression (e.g., pain, e.g., chronic pain or a pain-related disorder) . The specific amount that is therapeutically effective may vary depending on factors known in the art, such as, for example, the type of disorder or pathological process, the patient’s history and age, the stage of the disorder or pathological process, and the administration of other therapies.
In the context of the present disclosure, the terms “treat, ” “treatment, ” and the like mean to prevent, delay, relieve or alleviate at least one symptom associated with a disorder related to SCN9A expression, or to slow or reverse the progression or anticipated progression of such a disorder. For example, the methods featured herein, when employed to treat pain, e.g., chronic pain or a pain-related disorder, may serve to reduce or prevent one or more symptoms of the pain, e.g., chronic pain, as described herein, or to reduce the risk or severity of associated conditions. Thus, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the terms “treat, ” “treatment, ” and the like are intended to encompass prophylaxis, e.g., prevention of disorders and/or symptoms of disorders related to SCN9A expression. Treatment can also mean prolonging survival as compared to expected survival in the absence of treatment. By “lower” in the context of a disease marker or symptom is meant any decrease, e.g., a statistically or clinically significant decrease in such level. The decrease can be, for example, at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90%. The decrease can be down to a level accepted as within the range of normal for an individual without such disorder.
NaV1.7 (SCN9A)
The SCN9A gene encodes sodium channel, voltage gated, type IX alpha subunit (NaV1.7) , which is composed of four repeating domains, each comprising six transmembrane segments. These channels, which transport positively charged sodium atoms (sodium ions) into cells, play a key role in a cell’s ability to generate and transmit electrical signals.
NaV1.7 sodium channels are found in nerve cells called nociceptors. Nociceptors are part of the peripheral nervous system, which connects the brain and spinal cord to cells that detect sensations such as touch, smell, and pain. Nociceptors are primarily involved in transmitting pain signals. The cell bodies of most nociceptors are located in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) , outside the spinal cord, while some are located in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Fibers called axons extend from the cell bodies, reaching throughout the body to receive sensory information. Axons transmit the information back to the spinal cord, which then sends it to the brain.
Human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) is approximately a 226 kDa protein and is a voltage gated sodium channel (NaV1.7 channel) that mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes and also plays a role in nociception signaling. These channels are preferentially expressed in peripheral sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia, which are involved in the perception of pain. Mutations in the SCN9A gene have been associated with predispositions to pain hyper-or hyposensitivity. For example, gain-of-function mutations in the SCN9A gene can be the etiological basis of inherited pain syndromes such as primary erythermalgia (PE) and paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) . Moreover, loss-of-function mutations of the SCN9A gene result in a complete inability of an otherwise healthy individual to sense any form of pain. Without wishing to be bound by theory, increased levels of the SCN9A expression could enhance pain sensitivity; whereas decreased levels of the SCN9A expression could reduce pain sensitivity; and modulating SCN9A expression and NaV1.7 channel levels in peripheral sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia could provide an effective pain treatment. NaV1.7 sodium channels are also found in olfactory sensory neurons, which are nerve cells in the nasal cavity that transmit smell-related signals to the brain.
As demonstrated by previous attempts, achieving robust SCN9A knockdown in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) presents a significant challenge. For instance, one study assessed the in vivo efficacy of SCN9A-targeting siRNAs by retro-orbitally administering AAV-packaged human SCN9A constructs to wildtype B6/C57 mice, followed two weeks later by subcutaneous injection of 3 mg/kg of exemplary siRNAs. After an additional two weeks, qPCR analysis of the livers showed SCN9A expression signal using a specific probe, indicating systemic distribution of the siRNAs but failing to confirm effective targeting within the DRG (see WO2021207189A1 with the content is incorporated as a reference) . Furthermore, another patent disclosed that fluorophore-labeled siRNAs were not readily detectable in the cell bodies of lumbar DRGs, underscoring a critical obstacle in achieving effective SCN9A suppression (see US8183221B2 with the content is incorporated as a reference) . Taken together, these findings highlight the inherent difficulty in delivering SCN9A-directed dsRNA therapeutics to the DRG cell bodies, where such intervention is vital for reducing SCN9A expression and subsequently producing an analgesic effect.
The following description discloses how to make and use compositions containing iRNAs to modulate (e.g., inhibit) the expression of SCN9A, as well as compositions and methods for treating disorders related to expression of SCN9A.
As used herein, “SCN9A” refers to the “sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9 gene” ( “SCN9A gene” ) , the corresponding mRNA ( “SCN9A mRNA” ) , or the corresponding protein (the PN1, ETHA, NENA, SFN, FEB3B, NE-NA, GEFSP7, HSAN2D, Nav1.7, or SCN9A protein) . The sequence of a human SCN9A mRNA transcript can be found at SEQ ID NO: 529 or SEQ ID NO: 530. In the event of a discrepancy between the recited positions of the duplexes presented herein and the alignment of the duplexes to the recited sequences, the alignment of the duplexes to the recited sequence will govern.
A detailed review of the NaV1.7 (SCN9A) expression can be found, e.g., at Drenth et al., J Clin Invest. 2007 Dec 3; 117 (12) : 3603–3609, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Interfering RNA (iRNA)
Interfering RNA (iRNA) directs the sequence-specific degradation of mRNA through a process known as RNA interference (RNAi) . Described herein are iRNA agents (e.g., dsRNA agents) and methods of using them for modulating (e.g., inhibiting) the expression of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) . Also provided are compositions and methods for treatment of disorders related to NaV1.7 (SCN9A) expression, such as pain, e.g., acute pain or chronic pain (e.g., inflammatory (nociceptive) , neuropathic pain, pain hypersensitivity, pain hyposensitivity, inability to sense pain, primary erythromelalgia (PE) , paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) , small fiber neuropathy (SFN) , trigeminal neuralgia (TN) , and pain associated with, e.g., cancer, arthritis, diabetes, traumatic injury and viral infections) .
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent inhibits the expression of SCN9A in a cell or mammal. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent includes double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) molecules for inhibiting the expression of SCN9A in a cell or in a subject (e.g., in a mammal, e.g., in a human) , where the dsRNA includes an antisense strand having a region of complementarity which is complementary to at least a part of an mRNA formed in the expression of SCN9A, and where the region of complementarity is 30 nucleotides or less in length, generally 19-24 nucleotides in length, and where the dsRNA, upon contact with a cell expressing SCN9A, inhibits the expression of SCN9A, e.g., by about or at least 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%.
The modulation (e.g., inhibition) of expression of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) can be assayed by, for example, a PCR or branched DNA (bDNA) -based method, or by a protein-based method, such as by Western blot. Expression of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) in cell culture, such as in COS cells, ARPE-19 cells, hTERT RPE-1 cells, HeLa cells, primary hepatocytes, HepG2 cells, primary cultured cells or in a biological sample from a subject can be assayed by measuring SCN9A mRNA levels, such as by bDNA or TaqMan assay, or by measuring protein levels, such as by immunofluorescence analysis, using, for example, Western Blotting or flow cytometric techniques. A dsRNA typically includes two RNA strands that are sufficiently complementary to hybridize to form a duplex structure under conditions in which the dsRNA will be used. One strand of a dsRNA (the antisense strand) typically includes a region of complementarity that is substantially complementary, and generally fully complementary, to a target sequence, derived from the sequence of an mRNA formed during the expression of SCN9A. The other strand (the sense strand) typically includes a region that is complementary to the antisense strand, such that the two strands hybridize and form a duplex structure when combined under suitable conditions.
In some embodiments, the duplex structure is between 15 and 30 base pairs in length, between 15 and 25 base pairs in length, between 15 and 20 base pairs in length, between 20 and 30 base pairs in length, between 20 and 25 base pairs in length, or between 25 and 30 base pairs in length. In some embodiments, the duplex structure is between 18 and 25 base pairs in length. In some embodiments, the duplex structure is between 19 and 24 base pairs in length. In some embodiments, the duplex structure is between 19 and 21 base pairs in length.
Similarly, the region of complementarity to the target sequence is between 15 and 30 nucleotides in length, between 15 and 25 nucleotides in length, between 15 and 20 nucleotides in length, between 20 and 30 nucleotides in length, between 20 and 25 nucleotides in length, or between 25 and 30 nucleotides in length. In some embodiments, the region of complementarity to the target sequence is between 15 and 30 nucleotides in length. In some embodiments, the region of complementarity to the target sequence is between 18 and 25 nucleotides in length. In some embodiments, the region of complementarity to the target sequence is between 19 and 24 nucleotides in length. In some embodiments, the region of complementarity to the target sequence is between 19 and 21 nucleotides in length.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA is between 15 and 30 nucleotides in length, between 15 and 25 nucleotides in length, between 15 and 20 nucleotides in length, between 20 and 30 nucleotides in length, between 20 and 25 nucleotides in length, or between 25 and 30 nucleotides in length. In some embodiments, the dsRNA is between 15 and 20 nucleotides in length. In some embodiments, the dsRNA is between 25 and 30 nucleotides in length.
As the ordinarily skilled person will recognize, the targeted region of an RNA targeted for cleavage will most often be part of a larger RNA molecule, often an mRNA molecule. Where relevant, a “part” of an mRNA target is a contiguous sequence of an mRNA target of sufficient length to be a substrate for RNAi-directed cleavage (i.e., cleavage through a RISC pathway) . dsRNAs having duplexes as short as 9 base pairs can, under some circumstances, mediate RNAi-directed RNA cleavage. Most often a target will be at least 15 nucleotides in length, e.g., 15-30 nucleotides in length.
A person skilled in the art will also recognize that the duplex region is a primary functional portion of a dsRNA, e.g., a duplex region of 9 to 36, e.g., 15-30 base pairs. Thus, in some embodiments, to the extent that it becomes processed to a functional duplex of e.g., 15-30 base pairs that targets a desired RNA for cleavage, an RNA molecule or complex of RNA molecules having a duplex region greater than 30 base pairs is a dsRNA. Thus, an ordinarily skilled artisan will recognize that in some embodiments, then, an miRNA is a dsRNA. In some embodiments, a dsRNA is not a naturally occurring miRNA. In some embodiments, an dsRNA agent useful to target SCN9A expression is not generated in the target cell by cleavage of a larger dsRNA.
A dsRNA as described herein may further include one or more single-stranded nucleotide overhangs. In some embodiments, the sense strand of the dsRNA agent described herein includes about 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or more overhangs at the 3’ or 5’ end. In some embodiments, the antisense strand of the dsRNA agent described herein includes about 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or more overhangs at the 3’ or 5’ end. In some embodiments, the sense strand of the dsRNA agent described herein includes about 2 overhangs at the 3’ or 5’ end. In some embodiments, the antisense strand of the dsRNA agent described herein includes about 2 overhangs at the 3’ or 5’end.
The dsRNA can be synthesized by standard methods known in the art as further discussed below, e.g., by use of an automated DNA synthesizer, such as are commercially available from, for example, Biosearch, Applied Biosystems, Inc..
In some embodiments, the NaV1.7 (SCN9A) is a human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) . In some embodiments, the dsRNA comprises a sense strand that comprises or consists of a sense sequence selected from the sense sequences provided in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6, and an antisense strand that comprises or consists of an antisense sequence selected from the antisense sequences provided in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6.
In some embodiments, a dsRNA will include at least sense and antisense nucleotide sequences, whereby the sense strand is selected from the sequences provided in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 and the corresponding antisense strand is selected from the sequences provided in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6. In these aspects, one of the two sequences is complementary to the other of the two sequences, with one of the sequences being substantially complementary to a sequence of an mRNA generated by the expression of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) . As such, a dsRNA will include two oligonucleotides, where one oligonucleotide is described as the sense strand, and the second oligonucleotide is described as the corresponding antisense strand. As described elsewhere herein and as known in the art, the complementary sequences of a dsRNA can also be contained as self-complementary regions of a single nucleic acid molecule, as opposed to being on separate oligonucleotides.
The skilled person in the art is well aware that dsRNAs having a duplex structure of between 20 and 23, but specifically 21 base pairs have been hailed as particularly effective in inducing RNA interference (Elbashir et al., EMBO 2001, 20: 6877-6888) . However, others have found that shorter or longer RNA duplex structures can be effective as well. In the embodiments described above, by virtue of the nature of the oligonucleotide sequences provided in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6, dsRNAs described herein can include at least one strand of a length of minimally 19 nucleotides. It can be reasonably expected that shorter duplexes having one of the sequences of Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 minus only a few nucleotides on one or both ends will be similarly effective as compared to the dsRNAs described above. In some embodiments, the dsRNA has a partial sequence of at least 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or more contiguous nucleotides from one of the sequences of Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA has an antisense sequence that comprises at least 15, 16, 17, 18, or 19 contiguous nucleotides of an antisense sequence provided in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 and a sense sequence that comprises at least 15, 16, 17, 18, or 19 contiguous nucleotides of a corresponding sense sequence provided in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6. In some embodiments, the dsRNA comprises an antisense sequence that comprises at least 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, or 23 contiguous nucleotides of an antisense sequence provided in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6, and a sense sequence that comprises at least 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or 21 contiguous nucleotides of a corresponding sense sequence provided in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6. In some such embodiments, the dsRNA, although it comprises only a portion of the sequences provided in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6, is equally effective in inhibiting a level of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) expression as a dsRNA that comprises the full-length sequences provided in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA differs in its inhibition of a level of expression of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) by not more than 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 %inhibition compared with a dsRNA comprising the full sequence disclosed herein. In some embodiments, an iRNA of Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 decreases NaV1.7 (SCN9A) protein or NaV1.7 (SCN9A) mRNA levels in a cell. In some embodiments, the cell is a rodent cell (e.g., a rat cell) , or a primate cell (e.g., a cynomolgus monkey cell) or a human cell. In some embodiments, SCN9A protein or SCN9A mRNA levels are reduced by about or at least 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%or more.
In some embodiments, the iRNA of Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 that inhibits SCN9A in a human cell has less than 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1 mismatches to the corresponding portion of human SCN9A gene. In some embodiments, the iRNA of Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 that inhibits SCN9A in a human cell has no mismatches to the corresponding portion of human SCN9A. iRNAs designed based on human sequences can have utility, e.g., for inhibiting SCN9A in human cells, e.g., for therapeutic purposes, or for inhibiting SCN9A in rodent or primate cells, e.g., for research characterizing SCN9A in a rodent or primate model. In some embodiments, an iRNA described herein comprises an antisense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is complementary to a portion of nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 529 or 530. In some embodiments, an iRNA described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 529 or 530. A human SCN9A mRNA may have the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 529 or 530 provided herein.
In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 373-391, 822-840, 938-956, 1225-1243, 1580-1598, 1581-1599, 1595-1613, 1768-1786, 2534-2552, 2535-2553, 2544-2562, 2547-2565, 2550-2568, 2553-2571, 2560-2578, 2571-2589, 2781-2799, 3132-3150, 4043-4061, 5239-5347, or 6216-6234 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of NM_002977.3. In some embodiments, the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene has a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 529.
In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 330-348, 779-797, 895-913, 1182-1200, 1537-1555, 1538-1556, 1552-1570, 1725-1743, 2524-2542, 2525-2543, 2534-2552, 2537-2555, 2540-2558, 2543-2561, 2550-2568, 2561-2579, 2771-2789, 3122-3140, 4033-4051, 5319-5337, or 6206-6224 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of NM_001365536.1. In some embodiments, the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene has a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 530.
Other human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences are available at, e.g., the NCBI database. For example, human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession Nos. XM_011511617.3, XM_011511616.4, XM_011511618.3, XM_017004669.2, and XM_011511619.3 are available.
In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is a portion of nucleotide sequence of any one of human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession Nos. XM_011511617.3, XM_011511616.4, XM_011511618.3, XM_017004669.2, and XM_011511619.3. In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is a portion of nucleotide sequence of any one of human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession Nos. XM_011511617.3, XM_011511616.4, XM_011511618.3, XM_017004669.2, and XM_011511619.3 as identified and shown in FIGs. 2C-2G.
In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 373-391, 822-840, 1225-1243, 1580-1598, 1581-1599, 1595-1613, 1768-1786, 2567-2585, 2568-2586, 2577-2595, 2580-2598, 2583-2601, 2586-2604, 2593-2611, 2604-2622, 2814-2832, 3165-3183, 4076-4094, 5362-5380 or 6249-6267 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of XM_011511617.3 (SEQ ID NO: 531) .
In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 292-310, 741-759, 857-875, 1144-1162, 1499-1517, 1500-1518, 1514-1532, 1687-1705, 2486-2504, 2487-2505, 2496-2514, 2499-2517, 2502-2520, 2505-2523, 2512-2530, 2523-2541, 2733-2751, 3084-3102, 3995-4013, 5281-5299, or 6168-6186 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of XM_011511616.4 (SEQ ID NO: 532) .
In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 373-391, 822-840, 1225-1243, 1580-1598, 1581-1599, 1595-1613, 1768-1786, 2534-2552, 2535-2553, 2544-2562, 2547-2565, 2550-2568, 2553-2571, 2560-2578, 2571-2589, 2781-2799, 3132-3150, 4043-4061, 5329-5347, or 6216-6234 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of XM_011511618.3 (SEQ ID NO: 533) .
In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 285-303, 640-658, 641-659, 655-673, 828-846, 1627-1645, 1628-1646, 1637-1655, 1640-1658, 1643-1661, 1646-1664, 1653-1671, 1664-1682, 1874-1892, 2225-2243, 3136-3154, 4422-4440, or 5309-5327 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of XM_017004669.2 (SEQ ID NO: 534) .
In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, of the corresponding portion within nucleotides 373-391, 822-840, 938-956, 1225-1243, 1580-1598, 1581-1599, 1595-1613, 1768-1786, 2567-2585, 2568-2586, 2577-2595, 2580-2598, 2583-2601, 2586-2604, 2593-2611, 2604-2622, 2814-2832, 3165-3183, 4076-4094, 5091-5109, or 5978-5996 of the nucleotide sequence of the human NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene having an NCBI Accession No. of XM_011511619.3 (SEQ ID NO: 535) .
In some embodiments, the NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene is a rat NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene. For example, rat NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession No. NM_133289.2 is available at, e.g., the NCBI database.
In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is a portion of nucleotide sequence of rat NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession No. NM_133289.2. In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is a portion of nucleotide sequence of rat NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession No. NM_133289.2 as identified and shown in FIG. 2H.
In some embodiments, the NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene is a rhesus monkey NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene. For example, rhesus monkey NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession Nos. XM_28830806.1, XM_028830807.1, XM_015110280.2, and XM_028830805.1 are available at, e.g., the NCBI database.
In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is a portion of nucleotide sequence of any one of rhesus monkey NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession Nos. XM_28830806.1, XM_028830807.1, XM_015110280.2, and XM_028830805.1. In some embodiments, an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) described herein comprises a sense strand comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, that is a portion of nucleotide sequence of any one of rhesus monkey NaV1.7 (SCN9A) gene sequences having NCBI Accession Nos. XM_28830806.1, XM_028830807.1, XM_015110280.2, and XM_028830805.1 as identified and shown in FIGs. 2I-2L.
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19 nucleotides) within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) .
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or 21 nucleotides) within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) .
In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 15 and 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 31 and 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 33 and 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 45 and 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 79 and 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 183 and 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 185 and 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 189 and 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 191 and 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 199 and 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 201 and 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 203 and 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 207 and 208) .
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is N3T030001-01, N3T030005-01, N3T030007-01, N3T030008-01, N3T030009-01, N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030016-01, N3T030017-01, N3T030023-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, N3T030117-01, N3T030118-01, N3T030120-01, N3T030121-01, N3T030124-01, N3T030125-01, N3T030126-01, N3T030127-01, or N3T030129-01.
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19 nucleotides) within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) .
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or 21 nucleotides) within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) .
In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 15 and 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 31 and 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 33 and 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 45 and 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 79 and 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 183 and 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 185 and 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 189 and 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 191 and 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 199 and 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 201 and 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 203 and 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 207 and 208) .
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is N3T030001-01, N3T030005-01, N3T030007-01, N3T030008-01, N3T030009-01, N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030016-01, N3T030017-01, N3T030023-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, N3T030117-01, N3T030118-01, N3T030120-01, N3T030121-01, N3T030124-01, N3T030125-01, N3T030126-01, N3T030127-01, or N3T030129-01.
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19 nucleotides) within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , and N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) .
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , and N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or 21 nucleotides) within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) .
In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 79 and 80) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198) .
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, or N3T030124-01.
Modifications of dsRNA Agents
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent comprises at least one modified nucleotide. For example, lipid modifications can be conjugated at the internal or end positions of the 3’ or 5’ end of the sense or antisense strand. Phosphorothioate linkages can be added to the lipid modifications. Positions 2-8 of the antisense strand (from the 5’ end) can be modified as further described below. Position 1 of the antisense strand (from the 5’ end) can be further modified.
In some embodiments, no more than five of the sense strand nucleotides and no more than five of the nucleotides of the antisense strand are unmodified nucleotides. In some embodiments, all of the nucleotides of the sense strand and all of the nucleotides of the antisense strand comprise a modification.
In some embodiments, at least one of the modified nucleotides is selected from the group consisting of a deoxy-nucleotide, a 3’-terminal deoxythimidine (dT) nucleotide, a 2’-O-methyl modified nucleotide, a 2’-fluoro modified nucleotide, a 2’-deoxy-modified nucleotide, a locked nucleotide, an unlocked nucleotide, a conformationally restricted nucleotide, a constrained ethyl nucleotide, an abasic nucleotide, a 2’-amino-modified nucleotide, a 2’-O-allyl-modified nucleotide, 2’-C-alkyl-modified nucleotide, a 2’-methoxyethyl modified nucleotide, a 2’-O-alkyl-modified nucleotide, a morpholino nucleotide, a phosphoramidate, a non-natural base comprising nucleotide, a tetrahydropyran modified nucleotide, a 1, 5-anhydrohexitol modified nucleotide, a cyclohexenyl modified nucleotide, a nucleotide comprising a phosphorothioate group, a nucleotide comprising a methylphosphonate group, a nucleotide comprising a 5’-phosphate, a nucleotide comprising a 5’-phosphate mimic, a glycol modified nucleotide, and a 2-O- (N-methylacetamide) modified nucleotide; and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, no more than five of the sense strand nucleotides and not more than five of the nucleotides of the antisense strand include modifications other than 2’-O-methyl modified nucleotide, a 2’-fluoro modified nucleotide, a 2’-deoxy-modified nucleotide, unlocked nucleic acids (UNA) or glycerol nucleic acid (GNA) .
RISC Loading
Modified nucleosides and analogs are useful for incorporation at one of the terminal positions of an oligomeric compound, preferably the 5′-end of AS strand or the 3’-end of AS strand. The guide strand of a siRNA duplex may bear a 5’-phosphate or other analogs to bind the effector protein of the RNA-induced silencing complex Argonaute 2 (AGO2) . The in vivo phosphorylation state of a synthetic siRNA depends on the balance of kinase and phosphatase activity. A dephosphorylated siRNA may be phosphorylated for effectiveness in vivo; however, fully chemically modified siRNAs are poor substrates for intracellular kinases. Therefore, to preserve proper 5’ phosphorylation, phosphonates can be used as metabolically stable phosphate analogs. Modified nucleosides and analogs are provided that are useful for incorporation at one of the terminal positions of an oligomeric compound, preferably the 5′-end of AS strand.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agents described herein comprises one or more modifications that facilitates RISC loading of the dsRNA agents. In some embodiments, the modification is at position 1 of the antisense (AS) strand (numbering from the 5’-end) . In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent comprises a phosphate or phosphate mimic at the 5’-end of the antisense strand. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent comprises a phosphate or phosphate mimic at position 1 of the antisense (AS) strand (numbering from the 5’-end) . In some embodiments, the phosphate mimic is a phosphonate. In some embodiments, the phosphate mimic or the phosphonate described herein is VPUms or a derivate thereof. In some embodiments, the phosphate mimic or the phosphonate comprises a structure of:
Modifications at seed region (positions 2-8) of the anti-sense strand
The off-target effects are largely driven by binding of the RISC-loaded siRNA to off-target transcripts mediated through base pairing between the seed region of the siRNA guide strand (nucleotides 2–8) and complementary site (s) in the in the 3’-untranslated region (3’-UTR) of mRNAs (miRNA-like off target) . Thermally destabilizing modifications in the seed region of the siRNA guide strand enhance siRNA specificity by mitigating the repression of off-targets while still allowing for productive full-length on-target recognition.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agents described herein comprise one or more modifications at the seed region (positions 2-8) of the anti-sense strand (from 5’-end) to reduce off-target effects. In some embodiments, the modification is an acyclic nucleoside or analog. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent comprises an acyclic nucleoside or analog at position 6 and/or 7 from the 5’ end of the antisense strand.
Exemplary acyclic nucleotides are disclosed in US Patent No. US 8,314,227 and PCT Publication No. WO2021207189A1, incorporated herein by reference in their entirely. For example, an acyclic nucleotide can include any of monomers D-J in Figures 1-2 of US 8,314,227.
Lipid conjugation
Oligonucleotide-ligand conjugates can facilitate delivery and uptake of the siRNA duplex by the target cells. Oligonucleotide-ligand conjugates facilitate the systemic delivery of oligonucleotides designed to prevent, limit or modulate the expression of mRNA molecules. The conjugates comprise nucleotides which are linked to lipid conjugate moieties or adamantly groups.
In some embodiments, at least one of the sense strand and the antisense strand is conjugated to one or more lipophilic moieties.
In some embodiments, the lipophilic moiety is conjugated directly to at least one of the sense strand and the antisense strand. In some embodiments, the lipophilic moiety is conjugated via a linker or carrier. Any suitable linker or carrier described herein can be used in the lipid conjugation.
In some embodiments, the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to one or more internal positions on at least one strand. In some embodiments, the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to the end (e.g., the 5’ or 3’ end position) of at least one strand (e.g., the sense and/or the antisense strand) . In some embodiments, the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to the 3’ and/or 5’ end of the sense strand. In some embodiments, the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to the 3’ end of the antisense strand.
The lipophilic moiety can be any suitable lipophilic moiety described herein. In some embodiments, the lipophilic moiety is an aliphatic, alicyclic, or polyalicyclic compound.
In some embodiments, the lipophilic moiety contains a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain. In some embodiments, the hydrocarbon chain is a C10-C30 hydrocarbon chain. In some embodiments, the hydrocarbon chain is a C16 hydrocarbon chain.
In some embodiments, the lipophilic moiety described herein is N3T12-012-01 or a derivative thereof described in PCT/CN2024/121490 (the entire content is hereby incorporated by reference) . In some embodiments, the lipophilic moiety described herein comprises a structure of:
In some embodiments, N3T12-012-01 is conjugated with a sense strand (e.g., any of the sense strands described herein) , optionally via a phosphorothioate linkage. In some embodiments, the conjugated N3T12-012-01 described herein comprises a structure of:
Terminal phosphorothioate (PS) linkages
Terminal phosphorothioate (PS) linkages increase the stability of the siRNA. They provide additional protection against 3’ and 5’ exonucleases. Design of terminal phosphorothioate (PS, Rp or Sp isomer) linkages provides protection against 3’ and/or 5’ exonucleases, increases protein binding, and improves PK. Chirality selection enhances RISC loading and metabolic stability, and is useful in siRNA conjugation.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agents described herein comprise at least one terminal phosphorothioate (PS) linkage. In some embodiments, the PS linkage is a phosphorothioate or methylphosphonate internucleotide linkage.
Ribosugar modifications
Positional patterns of ribosugar modifications increase the stability of the siRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent) . For example, the modifications can be 2’-O-methyl (2’-OMe) and/or 2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro (2’-F) ribosugar modifications.
The substantial efficacy improvements can be achieved through further refinement of siRNA chemistry, optimizing the positioning of 2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro and 2’-O-methyl ribosugar modifications across both strands of the double stranded siRNA duplex to enhance stability without compromising intrinsic RNAi activity. In some embodiments, the design of the dsRNA agents described herein combines 2’-O-methyl (2’-OMe) and 2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro (2’-F) ribosugar modifications throughout both strands of the siRNA. In some embodiments, this design is associated with reduced immune stimulation.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA of the disclosure comprises at least one, two, three, four (e.g., one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more) 2’-fluoro nucleotides. Without limitations, the 2’-fluoro nucleotides all can be present in one strand. In some embodiments, both the sense and the antisense strands comprise at least two 2’-fluoro nucleotides. The 2’-fluoro modification can occur on any nucleotide of the sense strand or antisense strand. For instance, the 2’-fluoro modification can occur on every nucleotide on the sense strand or antisense strand; each 2’-fluoro modification can occur in an alternating pattern on the sense strand or antisense strand; or the sense strand or antisense strand comprises both 2’-fluoro modifications in an alternating pattern. The alternating pattern of the 2’-fluoro modifications on the sense strand may be the same or different from the antisense strand, and the alternating pattern of the 2’-fluoro modifications on the sense strand can have a shift relative to the alternating pattern of the 2’-fluoro modifications on the antisense strand. In some embodiments, the antisense strand comprises at least two (e.g., two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more) 2’-fluoro nucleotides. Without limitations, a 2’-fluoro modification in the antisense strand can be present at any positions. In some embodiments, the sense strand comprises at least two (e.g., two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more) 2’-fluoro nucleotides. Without limitations, a 2’-fluoro modification in the sense strand can be present at any positions.
5’-Block
Modified nucleosides and analogs that are useful for incorporation at one of the terminal positions of an oligomeric compound, preferably at the 5′-end of SS strand are provided. The strand with its 5’ terminus at the thermodynamically less stable end of the duplex is selected by RISC as the antisense strand. With creative design, preferential loading of the intended antisense strand can be achieved in most cases. However, loading of the sense strand into RISC cannot be excluded, especially when the thermodynamic asymmetry between the two ends of siRNAs is not significant. The presence of the monophosphate group at the 5’ end helps anchor the antisense strand in RISC, and there is an interaction between the 5’ monophosphate of the antisense strand and MID domain of the Argonaute 2 –the protein component of RISC responsible for target cleavage. Hence, loading of the sense strand into the RISC could be impeded by blocking 5′phosphorylation.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent described herein comprises a 5’ block on the antisense strand. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent described herein comprises a 5’ block on the sense strand. Any suitable 5’ block can be used in the dsRNA agents described herein.
Internucleotide linkage modifications also may be made to link the overhang nucleotides with the terminal paired nucleotides within duplex region. For example, at least 1, 2, 3, 4, or all the overhang nucleotides may be linked through phosphorothioate or methylphosphonate internucleotide linkage, and optionally, there may be additional phosphorothioate or methylphosphonate internucleotide linkages linking the overhang nucleotide with a paired nucleotide that is next to the overhang nucleotide. Further details on siRNA modifications can be found, e.g., at PCT Publication No.: 2021207189A1, PCT/CN2023/122067 and PCT/CN2023/133879 the entire content of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19 nucleotides) within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 536) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 538) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 540) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 550) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 552) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 554) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 556) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 558) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) .
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 536) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 538) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 540) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 550) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 552) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 554) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 556) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 558) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or 21 nucleotides) within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 555) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 557) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 559) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 555) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 557) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 559) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) .
In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 536 and 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 538 and 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 540 and 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 542 and 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 544 and 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 546 and 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 548 and 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 550 and 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 552 and 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 554 and 555) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 556 and 557) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 558 and 559) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 560 and 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 562 and 563) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 265 and 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 273 and 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 277 and 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 279 and 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 281 and 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 289 and 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 293 and 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 295 and 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 297 and 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 309 and 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 327 and 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 343 and 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 447 and 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 449 and 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 453 ad 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 455 and 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 461 and 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 463 and 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 465 and 466) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 467 and 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 471 and 472) .
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is N3T030001-01M, N3T030005-01M, N3T030007-01M, N3T030008-01M, N3T030009-01M, N3T030013-01M, N3T030015-01M, N3T030016-01M, N3T030017-01M, N3T030023-01M, N3T030032-01M, N3T030040-01M, N3T030117-01M, N3T030118-01M, N3T030120-01M, N3T030121-01M, N3T030124-01M, N3T030125-01M, N3T030126-01M, N3T030127-01M, or N3T030129-01M as shown in Table 3. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is modified N3T030164-01, N3T030165-01, N3T030167-01, N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, N3T030172-01, N3T030173-01, N3T030174-01, N3T030175-01, N3T030176-01, N3T030177-01, or N3T030178-01 as shown in Table 6.
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19 nucleotides) within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) .
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or 21 nucleotides) within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) .
In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 265 and 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 273 and 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 277 and 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 279 and 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 281 and 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 289 and 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 293 and 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 295 and 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 297 and 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 309 and 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 327 and 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 343 and 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 447 and 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 449 and 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 453 ad 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 455 and 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 461 and 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 463 and 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 465 and 466) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 467 and 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 471 and 472) .
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is modified N3T030001-01M, N3T030005-01M, N3T030007-01M, N3T030008-01M, N3T030009-01M, N3T030013-01M, N3T030015-01M, N3T030016-01M, N3T030017-01M, N3T030023-01M, N3T030032-01M, N3T030040-01M, N3T030117-01M, N3T030118-01M, N3T030120-01M, N3T030121-01M, N3T030124-01M, N3T030125-01M, N3T030126-01M, N3T030127-01M, or N3T030129-01M as shown in Table 3.
In some embodiments, the sense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19 nucleotides) within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , and N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) . In some embodiments, the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , and N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is a portion (e.g., about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or 21 nucleotides) within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) .
In some embodiments, the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) .
In some embodiments, the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 542 and 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 544 and 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 546 and 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 548 and 549) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 560 and 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 562 and 563) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 289 and 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 293 and 294) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 327 and 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 343 and 344) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 461 and 462) .
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is N3T030013-01M, N3T030015-01M, N3T030032-01M, N3T030040-01M, or N3T030124-01M as shown in Table 3. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent is modified N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, N3T030177-01, or N3T030178-01 as shown in Table 6.
Pharmaceutical Compositions
In one aspect, the disclosure provides pharmaceutical compositions containing an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent) , as described herein, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The pharmaceutical composition containing the iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent) is useful for treating a disease or disorder related to the expression or activity of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) (e.g., pain, e.g., chronic pain or pain-related disorder) .
Such pharmaceutical compositions are formulated based on the mode of delivery. In some embodiments, compositions can be formulated for localized delivery, e.g., by CNS or spine delivery (e.g., intrathecal, intracranial, intracerebral, intraventricular, epidural, or intraganglionic routes of injection, optionally by infusion into the brain or spine, e.g., by continuous pump infusion) . In another example, compositions can be formulated for systemic administration via parenteral delivery, e.g., by intravenous (IV) delivery, intramuscular (IM) , or subcutaneous delivery (subQ) . In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition described herein is administered intravenously.
In some embodiments, a composition provided herein (e.g., a composition comprising an LNP formulation) is formulated for intravenous delivery. The pharmaceutical compositions featured herein are administered in a dosage sufficient to inhibit expression of SCN9A. In general, a suitable dose of iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent) will be in the range of 0.01 to 200.0 milligrams per kilogram body weight of the recipient per day, generally in the range of 1 to 50 mg per kilogram body weight per day. For example, the dsRNA or ssRNA agent can be administered at 0.05 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, or 50 mg/kg per single dose.
In some embodiments, a repeat-dose regimen may include administration of a therapeutic amount of an iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent) on a regular basis, such as monthly to once every six months. In certain embodiments, the iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent) is administered about once per quarter (i.e., about once every three months) to about twice per year. After an initial treatment regimen (e.g., loading dose) , the treatments can be administered on a less frequent basis. In other embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition may be administered once daily, or the iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent) may be administered as two, three, or more sub-doses at appropriate intervals throughout the day or even using continuous infusion or delivery through a controlled release formulation. In that case, the iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent) contained in each sub-dose must be correspondingly smaller in order to achieve the total daily dosage. The dosage unit can also be compounded for delivery over several days, e.g., using a conventional sustained release formulation which provides sustained release of the iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent) over a several day period. Sustained release formulations are well known in the art and are particularly useful for delivery of agents at a particular site, such as can be used with the agents of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the dosage unit contains a corresponding multiple of the daily dose. The effect of a single dose on SCN9A levels can be long lasting, such that subsequent doses are administered at not more than 3, 4, or 5-day intervals, or at not more than 1, 2, 3, 4, 12, 24, or 36-week intervals. The skilled artisan will appreciate that certain factors may influence the dosage and timing required to effectively treat a subject, including but not limited to the severity of the disease or disorder, previous treatments, the general health and/or age of the subject, and other diseases present. Moreover, treatment of a subject with a therapeutically effective amount of a composition can include a single treatment or a series of treatments.
Estimates of effective dosages and in vivo half-lives for the individual iRNAs (e.g., dsRNA agents or ssRNA agents) encompassed by the disclosure can be made using conventional methodologies or on the basis of in vivo testing using a suitable animal model. A suitable animal model, e.g., a mouse or a cynomolgus monkey, e.g., an animal containing a transgene expressing human SCN9A, can be used to determine the therapeutically effective dose and/or an effective dosage regimen administration of SCN9A siRNA. In some embodiments, the iRNAs (e.g., dsRNA agents or ssRNA agents) described herein can be delivered in a manner to target a particular tissue, such as the CNS (e.g., optionally the brain or spine tissue, e.g., cortex, cerebellum, dorsal root ganglia, substantia nigra, cerebellar dentate nucleus, pallidum, striatum, brainstem, thalamus, subthalamic, red, and pontine nuclei, cranial nerve nuclei and the anterior horn; and Clarke’s column of the spinal cord cervical spine, lumbar spine, or thoracic spine) . The present disclosure also includes pharmaceutical compositions and formulations that include the iRNAs (e.g., dsRNA agents or ssRNA agents) featured herein. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure may be administered in a number of ways depending upon whether local or systemic treatment is desired and upon the area to be treated. Administration may be local (e.g., by intrathecal, intraventricular, intracerebroventricular, intracranial, epidural, or intraganglionic injection) , topical (e.g., buccal and sublingual administration) , oral, intravitreal, transdermal, airway (aerosol) , nasal, rectal, or parenteral. Parenteral administration includes intravenous, intraarterial, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal or intramuscular injection or infusion; subdermal, e.g., via an implanted device; or intracranial, e.g., by intraparenchymal, intrathecal, or intraventricular administration.
In some embodiments, the administration is via a bolus injection. In some embodiments, the administration is via a depot injection. A depot injection may release the iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent) in a consistent way over a prolonged time period. Thus, a depot injection may reduce the frequency of dosing needed to obtain a desired effect, e.g., a desired inhibition of SCN9A, or a therapeutic or prophylactic effect. In some embodiments, the administration is via a pump. The pump may be an external pump or a surgically implanted pump. In other embodiments, the pump is an infusion pump. An infusion pump may be used for intracranial, intravenous, or epidural infusions. In certain embodiments, the pump is a surgically implanted pump that delivers the iRNA (e.g., dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent) to the CNS or spine. Pharmaceutical compositions and formulations for topical administration may include transdermal patches, ointments, lotions, creams, gels, drops, suppositories, sprays, liquids and powders. Conventional pharmaceutical carriers, aqueous, powder or oily bases, thickeners and the like may be necessary or desirable. Coated condoms, gloves and the like may also be useful. Suitable topical formulations include those in which the iRNAs (e.g., dsRNA agents or ssRNA agents) featured in the disclosure are in admixture with a topical delivery agent such as lipids, liposomes, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, steroids, chelating agents and surfactants.
Suitable lipids and liposomes include neutral (e.g., dioleoylphosphatidyl DOPE ethanolamine, dimyristoylphosphatidyl choline DMPC, distearolyphosphatidyl choline) negative (e.g., dimyristoylphosphatidyl glycerol DMPG) and cationic (e.g., dioleoyltetramethylaminopropyl DOTAP and dioleoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine DOTMA) . iRNAs featured in the disclosure may be encapsulated within liposomes or may form complexes thereto, in particular to cationic liposomes. Alternatively, iRNAs may be complexed to lipids, in particular to cationic lipids. Suitable fatty acids and esters include but are not limited to arachidonic acid, oleic acid, eicosanoic acid, lauric acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, dicaprate, tricaprate, monoolein, dilaurin, glyceryl 1-monocaprate, 1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one, an acylcarnitine, an acylcholine, or a C1-20alkyl ester (e.g., isopropylmyristate IPM) , monoglyceride, diglyceride or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Topical formulations are described in detail in U.S. Patent No. 6,747,014, which is incorporated herein by reference.
There are many organized surfactant structures besides microemulsions that have been studied and used for the formulation of drugs. These include monolayers, micelles, bilayers and vesicles. Vesicles, such as liposomes, have attracted great interest because of their specificity and the duration of action they offer from the standpoint of drug delivery. As used in the present disclosure, the term "liposome" means a vesicle composed of amphiphilic lipids arranged in a spherical bilayer or bilayers. Liposomes are unilamellar or multilamellar vesicles which have a membrane formed from a lipophilic material and an aqueous interior. The aqueous portion contains the composition to be delivered. Cationic liposomes possess the advantage of being able to fuse to the cell wall. Non-cationic liposomes, although not able to fuse as efficiently with the cell wall, are taken up by macrophages in vivo. In order to traverse intact mammalian skin, lipid vesicles must pass through a series of fine pores, each with a diameter less than 50 nm, under the influence of a suitable transdermal gradient. Therefore, it is desirable to use a liposome which is highly deformable and able to pass through such fine pores. Further advantages of liposomes include; liposomes obtained from natural phospholipids are biocompatible and biodegradable; liposomes can incorporate a wide range of water and lipid soluble drugs; liposomes can protect encapsulated drugs in their internal compartments from metabolism and degradation (Rosoff, in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, Lieberman, Rieger and Banker (Eds. ) , 1988, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, N. Y., volume 1, p. 245) . Important considerations in the preparation of liposome formulations are the lipid surface charge, vesicle size and the aqueous volume of the liposomes.
Liposomes are useful for the transfer and delivery of active ingredients to the site of action. Because the liposomal membrane is structurally similar to biological membranes, when liposomes are applied to a tissue, the liposomes start to merge with the cellular membranes and as the merging of the liposome and cell progresses, the liposomal contents are emptied into the cell where the active agent may act. Liposomal formulations have been the focus of extensive investigation as the mode of delivery for many drugs. There is growing evidence that for topical administration, liposomes present several advantages over other formulations. Such advantages include reduced side-effects related to high systemic absorption of the administered drug, increased accumulation of the administered drug at the desired target, and the ability to administer a wide variety of drugs, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic, into the skin. Several reports have detailed the ability of liposomes to deliver agents including high-molecular weight DNA into the skin. Compounds including analgesics, antibodies, hormones and high-molecular weight DNAs have been administered to the skin. The majority of applications resulted in the targeting of the upper epidermis Liposomes fall into two broad classes. Cationic liposomes are positively charged liposomes which interact with the negatively charged DNA molecules to form a stable complex. The positively charged DNA/liposome complex binds to the negatively charged cell surface and is internalized in an endosome. Due to the acidic pH within the endosome, the liposomes are ruptured, releasing their contents into the cell cytoplasm (Wang et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1987, 147, 980-985) . Liposomes which are pH-sensitive or negatively charged, entrap DNA rather than complex with it. Since both the DNA and the lipid are similarly charged, repulsion rather than complex formation occurs. Nevertheless, some DNA is entrapped within the aqueous interior of these liposomes. pH-sensitive liposomes have been used to deliver DNA encoding the thymidine kinase gene to cell monolayers in culture. Expression of the exogenous gene was detected in the target cells (Zhou et al., Journal of Controlled Release, 1992, 19, 269-274) . One major type of liposomal composition includes phospholipids other than naturally derived phosphatidylcholine. Neutral liposome compositions, for example, can be formed from dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) or dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) . Anionic liposome compositions generally are formed from dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol, while anionic fusogenic liposomes are formed primarily from dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) . Another type of liposomal composition is formed from phosphatidylcholine (PC) such as, for example, soybean PC, and egg PC. Another type is formed from mixtures of phospholipid and/or phosphatidylcholine and/or cholesterol. Further details on using liposomal formulations for the delivery of siRNA can be found, e.g., in PCT Publication No. WO2021207189A1, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Certain compositions of the present disclosure also incorporate carrier compounds in the formulation. As used herein, “carrier compound” can refer to a nucleic acid, or analog thereof, which is inert (i.e., does not possess biological activity per se) but is recognized as a nucleic acid by in vivo processes that reduce the bioavailability of a nucleic acid having biological activity by, for example, degrading the biologically active nucleic acid or promoting its removal from circulation. The coadministration of a nucleic acid and a carrier compound, typically with an excess of the latter substance, can result in a substantial reduction of the amount of nucleic acid recovered in the liver, kidney or other extracirculatory reservoirs, presumably due to competition between the carrier compound and the nucleic acid for a common receptor. For example, the recovery of a partially phosphorothioate dsRNA or ssRNA agent in hepatic tissue can be reduced when it is coadministered with polyinosinic acid, dextran sulfate, polycytidic acid or 4-acetamido-4’ isothiocyano-stilbene-2, 2’-disulfonic acid (Miyao et al., DsRNA Res. Dev., 1995, 5, 115-121; Takakura et al., DsRNA &Nucl. Acid Drug Dev., 1996, 6, 177-183) .
In contrast to a carrier compound, a pharmaceutical carrier or excipient may comprise, e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, suspending agent or any other pharmacologically inert vehicle for delivering one or more nucleic acids to an animal. The excipient may be liquid or solid and is selected, with the planned manner of administration in mind, so as to provide for the desired bulk, consistency, etc., when combined with a nucleic acid and the other components of a given pharmaceutical composition. Typical pharmaceutical carriers include, but are not limited to, binding agents (e.g., pregelatinized maize starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, etc. ) ; fillers (e.g., lactose and other sugars, microcrystalline cellulose, pectin, gelatin, calcium sulfate, ethyl cellulose, polyacrylates or calcium hydrogen phosphate, etc. ) ; lubricants (e.g., magnesium stearate, talc, silica, colloidal silicon dioxide, stearic acid, metallic stearates, hydrogenated vegetable oils, corn starch, polyethylene glycols, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, etc. ) ; disintegrants (e.g., starch, sodium starch glycolate, etc. ) ; and wetting agents (e.g., sodium lauryl sulphate, etc) .
Methods of Treatment
The present disclosure relates to methods of inhibiting expression of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) in a cell, the method comprising: (a) contacting the cell with any one of the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent described herein, or a pharmaceutical composition described herein; and (b) maintaining the cell produced in step (a) for a time sufficient to reduce levels of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) mRNA, NaV1.7 (SCN9A) protein, or both of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) mRNA and protein, thereby inhibiting expression of NaV1.7 (SCN9A) in the cell.
The present disclosure also relates to methods of treating a subject having or diagnosed with having a NaV1.7 (SCN9A) -associated disorder comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of any one of the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent described herein, or a pharmaceutical composition described herein, thereby treating the disorder.
In some embodiments, the subject is a human subject.
In some embodiments, the disorder related to SCN9A expression is pain, e.g., chronic pain or pain related disorders, e.g., pain hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity. Non-limiting examples of pain-related disorders that are treatable using the methods described herein include inflammatory pain, neuropathic pain, pain insensitivity, primary erythromelalgia (PE) , paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) , small fiber neuropathy (SFN) , trigeminal neuralgia (TN) , and pain associated with cancer, arthritis, diabetes, traumatic injury, and viral infections. In some embodiments, the pain-related disorder is an inherited pain-related disorder, e.g., PE and PEPD.
Clinical and pathological features of pain-related disorders include, but are not limited to, burning pain, redness of skin, flushing, warmth of extremities, joint pain, severe pain, e.g., periods of severe pain in the lower body, upper body (e.g., pain in the eyes or jaw) , or extremities (e.g., hands and feet) , inability to sense pain, fatigue, and/or insomnia. In some embodiments, the subject with the pain, e.g., chronic pain, or pain-related disorder is less than 18 years old. In some embodiments, the subject with the pain, e.g., chronic pain, or pain-related disorder is an adult.
In some embodiments, the subject has, or is identified as having, elevated levels of SCN9A mRNA or protein relative to a reference level (e.g., a level of SCN9A that is greater than a reference level) . In some embodiments, the pain, e.g., chronic pain, or the pain-related disorder is diagnosed using analysis of a sample from the subject (e.g., an aqueous cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) sample) . In some embodiments, the sample is analyzed using a method selected from one or more of: fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) , immunohistochemistry, SCN9A immunoassay, electron microscopy, laser microdissection, and mass spectrometry. In some embodiments, pain, e.g., chronic pain, or pain-related disorder is diagnosed using any suitable diagnostic test or technique, e.g., SCN9A mutation testing, a measure of pain sensitivity, a measure of pain threshold, a measure of pain level, and/or a measure of pain disability level (Dansie and Turk 2013 Br J Anaesth 111 (1) : 19-25) .
In some embodiments, an dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent disclosed herein is administered in combination with a second therapy (e.g., one or more additional therapies) known to be effective in treating a disorder related to SCN9A expression (e.g., pain, e.g., chronic pain or pain-related disorder) or a symptom of such a disorder. The dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent may be administered before, after, or concurrent with the second therapy. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered before the second therapy. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered after the second therapy. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered concurrent with the second therapy. The second therapy may be an additional therapeutic agent.
The dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent and the additional therapeutic agent can be administered in combination in the same composition or the additional therapeutic agent can be administered as part of a separate composition. In some embodiments, the second therapy is a non-dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent therapeutic agent that is effective to treat the disorder or symptoms of the disorder. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered in conjunction with a therapy. Exemplary combination therapies include, but are not limited to, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) , acetaminophen, opioids, or corticosteroids, acupuncture, therapeutic massage, dorsal root ganglion stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, or topical pain relievers. Administration dosages, routes, and timing A subject (e.g., a human subject, e.g., a patient) can be administered a therapeutic amount of dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent.
The therapeutic amount can be, e.g., 0.05-50 mg/kg. For example, the therapeutic amount can be 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, or 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 mg/kg dsRNA or ssRNA agent. In some embodiments, the therapeutic amount described herein is about 1-20 mg/kg, e.g., about 1 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg, about 4 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg, about 6 mg/kg, about 7 mg/kg, about 8 mg/kg, about 9 mg/kg, about 10 mg/kg, about 11 mg/kg, about 12 mg/kg, about 13 mg/kg, about 14 mg/kg, about 15 mg/kg, about 16 mg/kg, about 17 mg/kg, about 18 mg/kg, about 19 mg/kg, or about 20 mg/kg. In some embodiments, the therapeutic amount described herein is about 1 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 11 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 11 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 11 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg, about 4 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 4 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 4 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 4 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 4 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 4 mg/kg to about 11 mg/kg, about 4 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg to about 11 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg, about 6 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 6 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 6 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 6 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 6 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 6 mg/kg to about 11 mg/kg, about 6 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg, about 7 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 7 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 7 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 7 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 7 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 7 mg/kg to about 11 mg/kg, about 7 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg, about 8 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 8 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 8 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 8 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 8 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 8 mg/kg to about 11 mg/kg, about 8 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg, about 9 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, about 9 mg/kg to about 15 mg/kg, about 9 mg/kg to about 14 mg/kg, about 9 mg/kg to about 13 mg/kg, about 9 mg/kg to about 12 mg/kg, about 9 mg/kg to about 11 mg/kg, or about 9 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is formulated for delivery to a target organ, e.g., to the brain or spinal cord. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is formulated as a lipid formulation, e.g., an LNP formulation as described herein. In some such embodiments, the therapeutic amount is 0.05-5 mg/kg, e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, or 5.0 mg/kg dsRNA or ssRNA agent. In some embodiments, the lipid formulation, e.g., LNP formulation, is administered intravenously.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is formulated as an LNP formulation and is administered (e.g., intravenously, intrathecally, intracerebrally, intracranially, or intraventricularly administered) at a dose of 0.1 to 1 mg/kg. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered by intravenous infusion over a period of time, such as over a 5 minute, 10 minute, 15 minute, 20 minute, or 25 minute period. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is in the form of a lipophilic conjugate (e.g., a C16 conjugate) as described herein. In some such embodiments, the therapeutic amount is 0.5-50 mg, e.g., 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 mg/kg dsRNA or ssRNA agent.
In some embodiments, the lipophilic conjugate (e.g., a C16 conjugate) is administered subcutaneously. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is in the form of a lipophilic conjugate and is administered (e.g., subcutaneously administered) at a dose of 1 to 10 mg/kg.
In some embodiments, the administration is repeated, for example, on a regular basis, such as, daily, biweekly (i.e., every two weeks) for one month, two months, three months, four months, six months or longer. After an initial treatment regimen, the treatments can be administered on a less frequent basis. For example, after administration biweekly for three months, administration can be repeated once per month, for six months or a year or longer.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered in two or more doses. In some embodiments, the number or amount of subsequent doses is dependent on the achievement of a desired effect, e.g., to (a) reduce pain; (b) inhibit or reduce the expression or activity of SCN9A or the achievement of a therapeutic or prophylactic effect, e.g., reduction or prevention of one or more symptoms associated with the disorder. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered according to a schedule. For example, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent may be administered once per week, twice per week, three times per week, four times per week, or five times per week. In some embodiments, the schedule involves regularly spaced administrations, e.g., hourly, every four hours, every six hours, every eight hours, every twelve hours, daily, every 2 days, every 3 days, every 4 days, every 5 days, weekly, biweekly, or monthly. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is administered at the frequency required to achieve a desired effect. In some embodiments, the schedule involves closely spaced administrations followed by a longer period of time during which the agent is not administered. For example, the schedule may involve an initial set of doses that are administered in a relatively short period of time (e.g., about every 6 hours, about every 12 hours, about every 24 hours, about every 48 hours, or about every 72 hours) followed by a longer time period (e.g., about 1 week, about 2 weeks, about 3 weeks, about 4 weeks, about 5 weeks, about 6 weeks, about 7 weeks, or about 8 weeks) during which the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is not administered.
In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is initially administered hourly and is later administered at a longer interval (e.g., daily, weekly, biweekly, or monthly) . In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is initially administered daily and is later administered at a longer interval (e.g., weekly, biweekly, or monthly) . In certain embodiments, the longer interval increases over time or is determined based on the achievement of a desired effect. Before administration of a full dose of the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent, patients can be administered a smaller dose, such as a 5%infusion dose, and monitored for adverse effects, such as an allergic reaction, or for elevated lipid levels or blood pressure. In another example, the patient can be monitored for unwanted effects.
In some aspects, the disclosure provides a method for modulating (e.g., inhibiting or activating) the expression of SCN9A, e.g., in a cell, in a tissue, or in a subject. In some embodiments, the cell or tissue is ex vivo, in vitro, or in vivo. In some embodiments, the cell or tissue is in the central nervous system (e.g., brain or spine tissue, e.g., cortex, cerebellum, dorsal root ganglia, substantia nigra, cerebellar dentate nucleus, pallidum, striatum, brainstem, thalamus, subthalamic, red, and pontine nuclei, cranial nerve nuclei and the anterior horn; and Clarke’s column of the spinal cord cervical spine, lumbar spine, or thoracic spine) . In some embodiments, the cell or tissue is in a subject (e.g., a mammal, such as, for example, a human) . In some embodiments, the subject (e.g., the human) is at risk, or is diagnosed with a disorder related to expression of SCN9A expression, as described herein.
In some embodiments, the method includes contacting the cell with a dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent as described herein, in an amount effective to decrease the expression of SCN9A in the cell. In some embodiments, contacting a cell with an dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent includes contacting a cell in vitro with the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent or contacting a cell in vivo with the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent is put into physical contact with the cell by the individual performing the method, or the RNAi agent may be put into a situation that will permit or cause it to subsequently come into contact with the cell. Contacting a cell in vitro may be done, for example, by incubating the cell with the RNAi agent. Contacting a cell in vivo may be done, for example, by injecting the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent into or near the tissue where the cell is located, or by injecting the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent into another area, e.g., a CNS or spine tissue. For example, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent may contain or be coupled to a ligand, e.g., a lipophilic moiety or moieties as described below and further detailed, e.g., in PCT/US2019/031170 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, including the passages therein describing lipophilic moieties, that directs or otherwise stabilizes the RNAi agent at a site of interest.
Combinations of in vitro and in vivo methods of contacting are also possible. For example, a cell may also be contacted in vitro with an RNAi agent and subsequently transplanted into a subject. The expression of SCN9A may be assessed based on the level of expression of SCN9A mRNA, SCN9A protein, or the level of another parameter functionally linked to the level of expression of SCN9A. In some embodiments, the expression of SCN9A is inhibited by at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95%. In some embodiments, the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent has an IC50 in the range of 0.001-0.01 nM, 0.001-0.10 nM, 0.001-1.0 nM, 0.001-10 nM, 0.01-0.05 nM, 0.01-0.50 nM, 0.02-0.60 nM, 0.01-1.0 nM, 0.01-1.5 nM, 0.01-10 nM, or 0.01 –20 nM. The IC50 value may be normalized relative to an appropriate control value, e.g., the IC50 of a non-targeting dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent.
In some embodiments, the method includes introducing into the cell or tissue an dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent as described herein and maintaining the cell or tissue for a time sufficient to obtain degradation of the mRNA transcript of SCN9A, thereby inhibiting the expression of SCN9A in the cell or tissue. In some embodiments, the method includes administering a composition described herein, e.g., a composition comprising an dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent to the mammal such that expression of the target SCN9A is decreased, such as for an extended duration, e.g., at least two, three, four days or more, e.g., one week, two weeks, three weeks, or four weeks or longer. In some embodiments, the decrease in expression of SCN9A is detectable within 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, or 24 hours of the first administration. In some embodiments, the method includes administering a composition as described herein to a mammal such that expression of the target SCN9A is increased by e.g., at least 10%compared to an untreated animal. In some embodiments, the activation of SCN9A occurs over an extended duration, e.g., at least two, three, four days or more, e.g., one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, or more.
The dsRNA agents or ssRNA agents useful for the methods and compositions featured in the disclosure specifically target RNAs (primary or processed) of SCN9A. Compositions and methods for inhibiting the expression of SCN9A using dsRNA agents or ssRNA agents can be prepared and performed as described elsewhere herein. In some embodiments, the method includes administering a composition containing an dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent, where the dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent includes a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to at least a part of an RNA transcript of SCN9A of the subject, e.g., the mammal, e.g., the human, to be treated.
The composition may be administered by any appropriate means known in the art including, but not limited to intracranial, intrathecal, intraventricular, topical, and intravenous administration. In certain embodiments, the composition is administered, e.g., using oral, intraperitoneal, or parenteral routes, including intracranial (e.g., intraventricular, intraparenchymal, intracranial, and intrathecal) , intravenous, intramuscular, intravitreal, subcutaneous, transdermal, airway (aerosol) , nasal, or rectal. In other embodiments, the composition is administered topically (e.g., buccal and sublingual administration) .
In other embodiments, the composition is administered by intravenous infusion or injection. In certain embodiments, the compositions are administered by intrathecal injection. In certain embodiments, the compositions are administered by intraventricular injection. In certain embodiments, the compositions are administered by intracranial injection. In certain embodiments, the compositions are administered by epidural injection. In certain embodiments, the compositions are administered by intraganglionic injection. In certain embodiments, the composition is administered by intravenous infusion or injection. In some such embodiments, the composition comprises a lipid formulated dsRNA agent or ssRNA agent (e.g., an LNP formulation) for intravenous infusion.
EXAMPLES
The disclosure is further described in the following examples, which do not limit the scope of the invention described in the claims.
Example 1. Design and synthesis of human SCN9A siRNAs
Bioinformatics
siRNAs targeting human SCN9A transcript mRNA (NM_002977.3) (SEQ ID NO: 529) were designed. The human SCN9A mRNA (NM_002977.3) has a length of 9771 bases. Detailed lists of the unmodified SCN9A sense and antisense strand nucleotides are shown in Table 2.
Synthesis
Unmodified and modified siRNAs were synthesized on an oligonucleotide synthesizer using commercially available 5’-O-DMT-2’-O- (t-butyl-dimethylsilyl) -3’-O- (2-cyanoethyl-N, N-diisopropyl) phosphoramidite, 5’-O-DMT-2’-O-methyl -3’-O- (2-cyanoethyl-N, N-diisopropyl) phosphoramidite, and 5’-O-DMT-2’-fluoro-2’-deoxy-3’-O- (2-cyanoethyl-N, N-diisopropyl) phosphoramidite monomers of uridine (U) , 4-N-acetylcytidine (CAc) , 6-N-benzoyladenosine (ABz) , and 2-N-isobutyrylguanosine (GiBu) , and special off-target phosphoramidite monomers following standard protocols for solid phase synthesis and deprotection. The modified siRNA sequences (Table 3) comprised a pattern of 2’-O-methyl and 2’-fluoro modified nucleotides (Table 1) . To ensure high fidelity of the data, all single strands were HPLC purified to >90%purity. The purity and identity of the oligonucleotides were confirmed by RP-HPLC and LC-MS, respectively. For annealing, equimolar amounts of the respective single strands were dissolved in water and heated to 90℃ for 10 min. After gradual cooling to room temperature (RT) , the resulting duplex was lyophilized.
Table 1. Abbreviations of nucleotide monomers
Table 2. Unmodified sense and antisense strand sequences of Human SCN9A siRNAs
*It indicates the starting position of the corresponding sequence of the oligonucleotide within the transcript sequence.
Table 3. Modified sense and antisense strand sequences of Human SCN9A dsRNA agents
*It indicates the starting position of the corresponding sequence of the oligonucleotide within the transcript sequence.
Example 2. In vitro evaluation of human SCN9A dsRNA agents by transfection
Huh7 cells were seeded into 96-well plates at a density of 2 × 104 cells/well (0.1 mL/well) . The cells were transfected with the test compounds using the LipofectamineTMRNAiMAX transfection reagent at the same time of cell seeding. The cells were cultured at 37℃ and 5%CO2 for 48 hours. The RNAiMAX transfection reagent without dsRNA agents was used as a control. 48 hours after transfection, the culture medium was discarded, and cells were collected for RNA extraction. Total RNA was extracted by 96 Kit (QIAGEN; Cat#: 74182) according to the kit instructions, and reverse transcribed to cDNA by FastKing RT Kit (with gDNase) (TIANGEN; Cat#: KR116-03) . The cDNA of target gene was quantified by qPCR with specific primer and probe sets. β-actin cDNA was measured as a housekeeping gene in parallel. The expression of the target gene in each test sample was determined by relative quantitation (RQ) using the comparative Ct (ΔΔCt) method.
The percentage of human SCN9A mRNA remaining in cultured Huh7 cells relative to mock transfection when normalized to β-actin mRNA levels was determined for each compound following transfection into cells. 29 dsRNA agents exhibited more than 65%mRNA knockdown activity at 10 nM (Table 4) .
Table 4. In vitro screening with 10 nM human SCN9A dsRNA agents by transfection
Based on the potency, 21 dsRNA agents were selected for further study at 1 nM and 0.1 nM (Table 5) .
Table 5. Dose screenings of human SCN9A dsRNA agents in Huh7 cells by transfection
As shown in Table 5, 20 dsRNA agents exhibited more than 70%mRNA knockdown activity at 1 nM. 5 dsRNA agents exhibited more than 70%mRNA knockdown activity at 0.1 nM.
Example 3. In vitro evaluation of human SCN9A dsRNA agents by free uptake in Huh7 cells
The SCN9A dsRNA agents N3T030164-01, N3T030165-01, N3T030167-01, N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, and N3T030172-01 in Table 6 were added into the Huh7 cells in a 96-well plate without transfection reagents. All the dsRNA agents were tested at 10 μM and 3 μM for 72 hours. After free uptake, the culture medium was discarded and cells were collected for RNA extraction. Total RNA was extracted by FastPure Cell/Tissue Total RNA Isolation Kit V2 (Vazyme; Cat#: RC112-01) according to the kit instructions and reverse transcribed to cDNA byIII All-in-one RT SuperMix Perfect for qPCR (Vazyme; Cat#: R333-01) . The cDNA of the target gene was quantified by qPCR with specific primer and probe sets. GAPDH cDNA was measured as a housekeeping gene in parallel.
Table 6. Human SCN9A dsRNA agents for free uptake in Huh7 cells
Am, Cm, Gm, and Um indicate 2’-O-methyl (2’-OMe) sugar modifications, respectively, to adenosine, cytidine, guanosine and uridine; Af, Cf, Gf, and Uf indicate 2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro (2’-F) sugar modifications, respectively, to adenosine, cytidine, guanosine and uridine; s indicates phosphorothioate (PS) linkage.
Table 7. In vitro free uptake with 10 μM or 3 μM human SCN9A dsRNA agents in Huh7 cells
Example 4. In vitro evaluation of human SCN9A dsRNA agents by free uptake in A549 cells
The SCN9A dsRNA agents N3T030164-01, N3T030165-01, N3T030167-01, N3T030168-01, and N3T030169-01 in Table 6 were added into the Human Lung Epithelial cells A549 in a 96-well plate without transfection reagents. All the dsRNA agents were tested at 6 μM and 3 μM. 72 hours after free uptake, the culture medium was discarded and cells were collected for RNA extraction. Total RNA was extracted by FastPure Cell/Tissue Total RNA Isolation Kit V2 (Vazyme; Cat#: RC112-01) according to the kit instructions and reverse transcribed to cDNA byIII All-in-one RT SuperMix Perfect for qPCR (Vazyme; Cat#: R333-01) . The cDNA of the target gene was quantified by qPCR with specific primer and probe sets. GAPDH cDNA was measured as a housekeeping gene in parallel. The expression of the target gene in each test sample was determined by relative quantitation (RQ) using the comparative Ct (ΔΔCt) method.
Table 8. In vitro free uptake with 6 μM or 3 μM human SCN9A dsRNA agents in A549 cells
The SCN9A dsRNA agents N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, N3T030172-01, N3T030173-01, N3T030174-01, N3T030175-01, N3T030176-01, and N3T030177-01 in Table 6 were added into the Human Lung Epithelial cells A549 in a 96-well plate without transfection reagents. All the dsRNA agents were tested at 10 μM and 3 μM. 72 hours after free uptake, the culture medium was discarded and cells were collected for RNA extraction. Total RNA was extracted by FastPure Cell/Tissue Total RNA Isolation Kit V2 (Vazyme; Cat#: RC112-01) according to the kit instructions and reverse transcribed to cDNA byIII All-in-one RT SuperMix Perfect for qPCR (Vazyme; Cat#: R333-01) . The cDNA of the target gene was quantified by qPCR with specific primer and probe sets. GAPDH cDNA was measured as a housekeeping gene in parallel. The expression of the target gene in each test sample was determined by relative quantitation (RQ) using the comparative Ct (ΔΔCt) method.
Table 9. In vitro free uptake with 10 μM or 3 μM human SCN9A dsRNA agents in A549 cells
Example 5. In vitro evaluation of human SCN9A dsRNA agents in iPSC-derived sensory neurons
iPSC-derived sensory neurons were seeded into 24-well plates at a density of 2.5 × 105 cells/well (0.5 mL/well) when switching onplates. The test human SCN9A dsRNA agents N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, N3T030177-01, and N3T030178-01 in Table 6 were free taken up into neurons in duplicates at 3 μM. The neurons were cultured at 37℃ and 5%CO2. After 48 hours, the neurons were cultured with a fresh medium without dsRNA agents, and the dsRNA agent-treated samples were collected for RNA isolation after another 5 days. Neurons treated with PBS were used as negative control. Total RNA was extracted from treated and control neurons using QiagenKit (Qiagen, Cat#: 74004) according to the kit instructions, and reverse transcribed into cDNA using Multiplex RT-PCR Kit (Qiagen, Cat#: 204956) . The cDNA of the target gene was quantified by qPCR with specific primer and probe sets. The GAPDH cDNA was measured as a housekeeping gene in parallel. The expression of the target gene in each test sample was determined by relative quantitation (RQ) using the comparative Ct (ΔΔCt) method.
Table 10. In vitro free uptake with 3 μM human SCN9A dsRNA agents in iPSC-derived sensory neurons
Example 6. In vivo study of Human SCN9A dsRNA agents in non-Human primate (NHP)
On Day 0, male rhesus monkeys (average body weight: about 5-6 kg) were intrathecally administered a single 60 mg dose of the N3T030171-01 duplex in a volume of 2 mL, or 2 mL scrambled dsRNA in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) . Animals were sacrificed on Day 7 post-dosing. Tissue samples were collected and the level of SCN9A mRNA was quantified as described above.
OTHER EMBODIMENTS
It is to be understood that while the invention has been described in conjunction with the detailed description thereof, the foregoing description is intended to illustrate and not limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the scope of the appended claims. Other aspects, advantages, and modifications are within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (75)
- A double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) agent for inhibiting expression of sodium channel, voltage gated, type IX alpha subunit (SCN9A) , wherein the dsRNA agent comprises a sense strand and an antisense strand forming a double stranded region, wherein the antisense strand comprises a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, from one of the antisense sequences listed in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 and wherein the sense strand comprises a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 15 contiguous nucleotides, with 0, 1, 2, or 3 mismatches, from a sense sequence listed in Table 2, Table 3, or Table 6 that corresponds to the antisense sequence.
- The dsRNA agent of claim 1, wherein the sense strand comprises a sequence that is a portion within nucleotides 373-391, 822-840, 938-956, 1225-1243, 1580-1598, 1581-1599, 1595-1613, 1768-1786, 2534-2552, 2535-2553, 2544-2562, 2547-2565, 2550-2568, 2553-2571, 2560-2578, 2571-2589, 2781-2799, 3132-3150, 4043-4061, 5239-5347, or 6216-6234 of SEQ ID NO: 529.
- The dsRNA agent of claim 1, wherein the sense strand comprises a sequence that is a portion within nucleotides 330-348, 779-797, 895-913, 1182-1200, 1537-1555, 1538-1556, 1552-1570, 1725-1743, 2524-2542, 2525-2543, 2534-2552, 2537-2555, 2540-2558, 2543-2561, 2550-2568, 2561-2579, 2771-2789, 3122-3140, 4033-4051, 5319-5337, or 6206-6224 of SEQ ID NO: 530.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 15 and 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 31 and 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 33 and 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 45 and 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 79 and 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 183 and 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 185 and 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 189 and 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 191 and 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 199 and 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 201 and 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 203 and 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 207 and 208) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the dsRNA agent is N3T030001-01, N3T030005-01, N3T030007-01, N3T030008-01, N3T030009-01, N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030016-01, N3T030017-01, N3T030023-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, N3T030117-01, N3T030118-01, N3T030120-01, N3T030121-01, N3T030124-01, N3T030125-01, N3T030126-01, N3T030127-01, or N3T030129-01.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-10, wherein the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 9) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 13) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 15) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 17) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 31) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 33) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 45) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 183) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 185) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 189) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 191) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 199) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 201) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 203) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 207) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NO: 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NO: 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NO: 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NO: 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NO: 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NO: 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NO: 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NO: 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NO: 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NO: 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NO: 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NO: 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NO: 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NO: 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NO: 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NO: 208) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-13, wherein the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2) , N3T030005-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10) , N3T030007-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14) , N3T030008-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 15 and 16) , N3T030009-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18) , N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030016-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 31 and 32) , N3T030017-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 33 and 34) , N3T030023-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 45 and 46) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 79 and 80) , N3T030117-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 183 and 184) , N3T030118-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 185 and 186) , N3T030120-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 189 and 190) , N3T030121-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 191 and 192) , N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198) , N3T030125-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 199 and 200) , N3T030126-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 201 and 202) , N3T030127-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 203 and 204) , and N3T030129-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 207 and 208) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-14, wherein the dsRNA agent is N3T030001-01, N3T030005-01, N3T030007-01, N3T030008-01, N3T030009-01, N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030016-01, N3T030017-01, N3T030023-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, N3T030117-01, N3T030118-01, N3T030120-01, N3T030121-01, N3T030124-01, N3T030125-01, N3T030126-01, N3T030127-01, or N3T030129-01.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-15, wherein the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-16, wherein the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 25) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 29) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 63) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 79) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 197) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-17, wherein the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-18, wherein the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NO: 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NO: 30) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NO: 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NO: 80) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NO: 198) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-19, wherein the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030013-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 25 and 26) , N3T030015-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 29 and 30) , N3T030032-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64) , N3T030040-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 79 and 80) , and N3T030124-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-20, wherein the dsRNA agent is N3T030013-01, N3T030015-01, N3T030032-01, N3T030040-01, or N3T030124-01.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-21, wherein at least one of the sense strand and the antisense strand is conjugated to one or more lipophilic moiety.
- The dsRNA agent of claim 22, wherein the one or more lipophilic moiety is conjugated directly or via a linker or carrier.
- The dsRNA agent of claim 22 or 23, wherein the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to one or more internal positions on at least one strand.
- The dsRNA agent of claim 23 or 24, wherein the one or more lipophilic moieties are conjugated to the end of at least one strand of sense strand or anti-sense strand.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 22-25, wherein the lipophilic moiety is an aliphatic, alicyclic, or polyalicyclic compound.
- The dsRNA agent of claim 26, wherein the lipophilic moiety contains a saturated or unsaturated C10-C30 hydrocarbon chain.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 22-27, wherein the lipophilic moiety is conjugated via a carrier that replaces one or more nucleotide (s) in the internal position (s) or attaches to the double stranded region.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 22-28, wherein the lipophilic moiety is conjugated to the double-stranded RNA via a linker containing an ether, thioether, urea, carbonate, amine, amide, maleimide-thioether, disulfide, phosphodiester, sulfonamide linkage, a product of a click reaction, or carbamate.
- The dsRNA agent of any of claims 1-29, wherein the dsRNA agent comprises at least one modified nucleotide.
- The dsRNA agent of claim 30, wherein no more than five of the sense strand nucleotides and no more than five of the nucleotides of the antisense strand are unmodified nucleotides.
- The dsRNA agent of claim 31, wherein all of the nucleotides of the sense strand and all of the nucleotides of the antisense strand comprise a modification.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-32, wherein at least one of the modified nucleotides is selected from the group consisting of a deoxy-nucleotide, a 3’-terminal deoxythimidine (dT) nucleotide, a 2’-O-methyl modified nucleotide, a 2’-fluoro modified nucleotide, a 2’-deoxy-modified nucleotide, a locked nucleotide, an unlocked nucleotide, a conformationally restricted nucleotide, a constrained ethyl nucleotide, an abasic nucleotide, a 2’-amino-modified nucleotide, a 2’-O-allyl-modified nucleotide, 2’-C-alkyl-modified nucleotide, a 2’-methoxyethyl modified nucleotide, a 2’-O-alkyl-modified nucleotide, a morpholino nucleotide, a phosphoramidate, a non-natural base comprising nucleotide, a tetrahydropyran modified nucleotide, a 1, 5-anhydrohexitol modified nucleotide, a cyclohexenyl modified nucleotide, a nucleotide comprising a phosphorothioate group, a nucleotide comprising a methylphosphonate group, a nucleotide comprising a 5’-phosphate, a nucleotide comprising a 5’-phosphate mimic, a glycol modified nucleotide, and a 2-O- (N-methylacetamide) modified nucleotide; and combinations thereof.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-33, comprising a 5’ block on the sense strand.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-34, wherein at least one strand comprises a 3’ overhang of at least 2 nucleotides.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-35, wherein the double stranded region is 15-30 nucleotide pairs in length.
- The dsRNA agent of claim 36, wherein the double stranded region is 17-23 nucleotide pairs in length.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-37, wherein each strand is about 19-30 nucleotides in length.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-38, wherein the agent comprises at least one phosphorothioate or methylphosphonate internucleotide linkage.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-39, further comprising a phosphate or phosphate mimic at the 5’-end of the antisense strand.
- The dsRNA agent of claim 40, wherein the phosphate mimic is a phosphonate, e.g., a (E) -vinylphosphonate.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-41, comprising an acyclic nucleoside or analog at position 6 and/or 7 from the 5’ end of the antisense strand.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-42, wherein the sense strand comprises the sequence and/or all the modifications as shown in Table 3 and/or Table 6, and the antisense strand comprises the sequence and/or all the modifications as shown in Table 3 and/or Table 6.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-43, wherein the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 536) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 538) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 540) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 550) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 552) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 554) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 556) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 558) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-44, wherein the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 536) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 538) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 540) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 550) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 552) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 554) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 556) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 558) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-45, wherein the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 555) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 557) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 559) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-46, wherein the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NO: 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NO: 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NO: 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NO: 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NO: 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NO: 555) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NO: 557) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NO: 559) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-47, wherein the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030164-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 536 and 537) , N3T030165-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 538 and 539) , N3T030167-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 540 and 541) , N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 542 and 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 544 and 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 546 and 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 548 and 549) , N3T030172-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 550 and 551) , N3T030173-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 552 and 553) , N3T030174-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 554 and 555) , N3T030175-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 556 and 557) , N3T030176-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 558 and 559) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 560 and 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 562 and 563) , N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 265 and 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 273 and 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 277 and 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 279 and 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 281 and 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 289 and 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 293 and 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 295 and 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 297 and 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 309 and 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 327 and 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 343 and 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 447 and 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 449 and 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 453 ad 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 455 and 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 461 and 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 463 and 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 465 and 466) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 467 and 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 471 and 472) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-48, wherein the dsRNA agent is modified N3T030164-01, N3T030165-01, N3T030167-01, N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, N3T030172-01, N3T030173-01, N3T030174-01, N3T030175-01, N3T030176-01, N3T030177-01, N3T030178-01, N3T030001-01M, N3T030005-01M, N3T030007-01M, N3T030008-01M, N3T030009-01M, N3T030013-01M, N3T030015-01M, N3T030016-01M, N3T030017-01M, N3T030023-01M, N3T030032-01M, N3T030040-01M, N3T030117-01M, N3T030118-01M, N3T030120-01M, N3T030121-01M, N3T030124-01M, N3T030125-01M, N3T030126-01M, N3T030127-01M, or N3T030129-01M as shown in Table 3 and/or Table 6.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-49, wherein the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-50, wherein the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 265) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 273) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 277) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 279) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 281) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 295) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 297) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 309) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 447) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 449) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 453) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 455) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 463) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 465) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 467) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 471) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-51, wherein the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-52, wherein the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NO: 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NO: 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NO: 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NO: 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NO: 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NO: 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NO: 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NO: 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NO: 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NO: 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NO: 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NO: 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NO: 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NO: 466) , and N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NO: 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NO: 472) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-53, wherein the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030001-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 265 and 266) , N3T030005-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 273 and 274) , N3T030007-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 277 and 278) , N3T030008-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 279 and 280) , N3T030009-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 281 and 282) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 289 and 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 293 and 294) , N3T030016-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 295 and 296) , N3T030017-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 297 and 298) , N3T030023-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 309 and 310) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 327 and 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 343 and 344) , N3T030117-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 447 and 448) , N3T030118-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 449 and 450) , N3T030120-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 453 ad 454) , N3T030121-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 455 and 456) , N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 461 and 462) , N3T030125-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 463 and 464) , N3T030126-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 465 and 466) , N3T030127-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 467 and 468) , and N3T030129-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 471 and 472) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-54, wherein the dsRNA agent is N3T030001-01M, N3T030005-01M, N3T030007-01M, N3T030008-01M, N3T030009-01M, N3T030013-01M, N3T030015-01M, N3T030016-01M, N3T030017-01M, N3T030023-01M, N3T030032-01M, N3T030040-01M, N3T030117-01M, N3T030118-01M, N3T030120-01M, N3T030121-01M, N3T030124-01M, N3T030125-01M, N3T030126-01M, N3T030127-01M, or N3T030129-01M as shown in Table 3.
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-55, wherein the sense strand is a portion within a sense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , and N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-56, wherein the sense strand is a sense strand selected from the sense strands of N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 542) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 544) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 546) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 548) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 560) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 562) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 289) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 293) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 327) , and N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 343) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 461) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-57, wherein the antisense strand is a portion within an antisense strand from a duplex selected from N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-58, wherein the antisense strand is an antisense strand selected from the antisense strands of N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NO: 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NO: 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NO: 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NO: 549) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NO: 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NO: 563) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NO: 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NO: 294) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NO: 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NO: 344) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NO: 462) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-59, wherein the sense strand and the antisense strand comprise nucleotide sequences of the paired sense strand and antisense strand of a duplex selected from N3T030168-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 542 and 543) , N3T030169-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 544 and 545) , N3T030170-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 546 and 547) , N3T030171-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 548 and 549) , N3T030177-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 560 and 561) , N3T030178-01 (SEQ ID NOs: 562 and 563) , N3T030013-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 289 and 290) , N3T030015-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 293 and 294) , N3T030032-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 327 and 328) , N3T030040-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 343 and 344) , and N3T030124-01M (SEQ ID NOs: 461 and 462) .
- The dsRNA agent of any one of claims 30-60, wherein the dsRNA agent is modified N3T030013-01M, N3T030015-01M, N3T030032-01M, N3T030040-01M, or N3T030124-01M as shown in Table 3, or wherein the dsRNA agent is modified N3T030168-01, N3T030169-01, N3T030170-01, N3T030171-01, N3T030177-01, or N3T030178-01 as shown in Table 6.
- A single-stranded ribonucleic acid (ssRNA) agent for inhibiting expression of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) , wherein the ssRNA agent comprises an antisense strand of any one of the dsRNA agent of claims 1-61.
- A cell containing the dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-61 and/or the ssRNA agent of claim 62.
- A pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting the expression of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) , comprising the dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-61 and/or the ssRNA agent of claim 62.
- A method of inhibiting expression of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) in a cell, the method comprising: (a) contacting the cell with the dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-61, the ssRNA agent of claim 62, or a pharmaceutical composition of claim 64; and (b) maintaining the cell produced in step (a) for a time sufficient to reduce levels of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) mRNA, Nav1.7 (SCN9A) protein, or both of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) mRNA and protein, thereby inhibiting expression of Nav1.7 (SCN9A) in the cell.
- The method of claim 65, wherein the cell is within a subject.
- The method of claim 66, wherein the subject is a human.
- The method of claim 67, wherein the subject has been diagnosed with a Nav1.7 (SCN9A) -associated disorder, e.g., pain (e.g., chronic pain, inflammatory pain, or neuropathic pain) , pain hypersensitivity, pain hyposensitivity, primary erythromelalgia (PE) , paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) , small fiber neuropathy (SFN) , trigeminal neuralgia (TN) , and/or pain associated with, e.g., cancer, arthritis, diabetes, traumatic injury and/or viral infections.
- A method of treating a subject having or diagnosed with having a Nav1.7 (SCN9A) -associated disorder comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the dsRNA agent of any one of claims 1-61, the ssRNA agent of claim 62, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 64, thereby treating the disorder.
- The method of claim 69, wherein the Nav1.7 (SCN9A) -associated disorder is pain, e.g., chronic pain.
- The method of claim 69 or 70, wherein the chronic pain is associated with one or more of the disorders in the group consisting of pain hypersensitivity, pain hyposensitivity, inability to sense pain, primary erythromelalgia (PE) , paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD) , small fiber neuropathy (SFN) , trigeminal neuralgia (TN) , and pain associated with cancer, arthritis, diabetes, traumatic injury or viral infections.
- The method of any one of claims 69-71, wherein treating comprises amelioration of at least one sign or symptom of the disorder.
- The method of any one of claims 69-72, wherein the treating comprises (a) reducing pain; and/or (b) inhibiting or reducing the expression or activity of SCN9A.
- The method of any one of claims 69-73, wherein the dsRNA agent, the ssRNA agent, or the pharmaceutical composition is administered to the subject locally, intravenously, intrathecally, or via intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection.
- The method of any one of claims 69-74, further comprising administering to the subject an additional agent or therapy suitable for treatment or prevention of an SCN9A-associated disorder (e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) , acetaminophen, opioids, or corticosteroids, acupuncture, therapeutic massage, dorsal root ganglion stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, and/or topical pain relievers) .
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| CNPCT/CN2023/143052 | 2023-12-29 | ||
| CN2023143052 | 2023-12-29 |
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| WO2025140551A1 true WO2025140551A1 (en) | 2025-07-03 |
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| PCT/CN2024/143185 Pending WO2025140551A1 (en) | 2023-12-29 | 2024-12-27 | COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING NaV1.7 (SCN9A) -ASSOCIATED DISORDERS |
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