WO2025139682A1 - Electronic device - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided in the present application is an electronic device. The electronic device comprises an antenna, wherein an operating frequency band of the antenna comprises a satellite communication frequency band; the antenna uses a conductive portion of a frame as a radiator; and the antenna can generate different maximum radiation directions, so as to improve the experience of a user during satellite communication.

Description

An electronic device

This application claims priority to the Russian patent application filed with the Russian Patent Office on December 27, 2023, with application number 2023135528 and application name “An electronic device”, and the Russian patent application filed with the Russian Patent Office on January 31, 2024, with application number 2024102459 and application name “An electronic device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in this application.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to an electronic device.

Background Art

At present, the frame is used as the antenna radiator in the existing terminal electronic devices. For example, in the satellite communication system, the frame radiator is mainly used to form a linear polarization antenna. When the user performs satellite communication, the area where the antenna has better radiation characteristics (for example, the gain of the antenna in this area is greater than or equal to AdBic, A is the minimum gain value that meets the communication requirements in the satellite communication system) needs to be pointed to the satellite to achieve satellite alignment (establishing a communication connection with the satellite).

However, during satellite communications, the relative position of the electronic device and the satellite changes. For example, when a low-orbit satellite moves, the satellite may exceed the area where the antenna has good radiation characteristics. In this case, the user needs to change the holding posture or move so that the satellite is still in the area where the antenna has good radiation characteristics to maintain the satellite state or establish a connection with a new satellite. Otherwise, it will cause poor communication quality or even disconnection, which greatly affects the user's communication experience.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides an electronic device, which includes an antenna. The working frequency band of the antenna includes a satellite communication frequency band. The antenna uses at least a conductive part of a frame as a radiator. The antenna can generate different maximum radiation directions to enhance the user's experience when performing satellite communication.

In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising: a floor; a frame, the frame comprising a first position and a second position, the frame having a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position and the second position; an antenna, the antenna comprising: a radiator, the radiator comprising a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, at least a portion of the radiator being spaced apart from the floor; a feeding circuit, the radiator comprising a feeding point, the feeding circuit being coupled to the feeding point; a first switch branch, a second switch branch and a first switch, the radiator comprising a first connection point, the first switch branch, the second switch branch and the first switch being coupled and connected between the first connection point and the floor, the first connection port of the first switch being coupled to the first switch branch, the second connection port of the first switch being coupled to the The second switch branch is coupled; wherein the frame includes a first side and a second side intersecting at an angle, the first position and the second position are located on the first side, and the length of the first side is less than the length of the second side; the feeding point and the first connection point are respectively located on both sides of the virtual axis of the radiator, and the lengths of the radiators on both sides of the virtual axis are the same; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a first resonance; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a second resonance, wherein the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance include a first frequency band, and the first frequency band is a transmitting frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band, or the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance include a second frequency band, and the second frequency band is a receiving frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the first connection point can be coupled to the first switch branch or the second switch branch respectively through the first switch. In this case, the antenna is still in the same working state (for example, working in the transmitting frequency band and/or receiving frequency band in the satellite communication frequency band). The coupling of the first connection point to the first switch branch or the second switch branch does not change the working frequency band of the antenna. Therefore, when the first connection point is coupled to the first switch branch or the second switch branch, the antenna can perform satellite communication.

At the same time, the first resonance/second resonance is generated by the line DM mode described in the embodiment. Since the current generated by the line DM mode is mainly generated by the radiator, the current is mainly concentrated on the radiator, and the current on the floor has little effect on the antenna, making it easy to determine the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the antenna is used to generate a first radiation pattern, and the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern is a first direction; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, the antenna is used to generate a second radiation pattern, and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the antenna can have two directional patterns with different maximum radiation directions in the first frequency band. The antenna can switch the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern generated by the antenna according to the communication status (for example, including relative position) between the communication satellite and the electronic device to switch the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna to ensure the communication quality between the communication satellite and the electronic device.

Therefore, the electronic device has good communication characteristics within a range of a large angle (e.g., 50°, 60°, or 70°) with the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, such as the z direction). For example, when the user performs satellite communication, the antenna has a wide beam characteristic, and the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 has good characteristics within a large angle, which effectively improves the user experience.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, an angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°.

According to an embodiment of the present application, when the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern are offset toward both sides of the top direction (there is a larger angle between the first direction and the second direction), the width of the antenna radiation beam can be further widened, so that the antenna has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (the angle with the top direction).

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, based on the fact that the first switch branch and the second switch branch are capacitive, the equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch is smaller than the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch, or, based on the fact that the first switch branch and the second switch branch are inductive, the equivalent inductance value of the first switch branch is smaller than the equivalent inductance value of the second switch branch, or, the first switch branch can be capacitive and the second switch branch can be inductive.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first connection point is located on a first side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point is located on a second side of the virtual axis; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis.

According to an embodiment of the present application, when the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis, the directional pattern generated by the antenna is deflected toward the second side. When the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis, the directional pattern generated by the antenna is deflected toward the first side. Therefore, if there is a larger angle between the first direction and the second direction, the width of the antenna radiation beam can be further widened, so that the antenna has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the radiator includes a grounding point, the grounding point is coupled to the floor, and the grounding point is located between the feeding point and the first connection point.

According to the embodiment of the present application, since the radiator is coupled to the floor at the grounding point, the coupling amount between the floor and the radiator is increased, so that the current difference between the first switch branch or the second switch branch and the first connection point coupled floor is larger, thereby making the difference between the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern larger (for example, the angle between the maximum radiation directions is increased), which can further widen the width of the antenna radiation beam, so that the antenna has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a third resonance, and there is a first frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a fourth resonance, and there is a second frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the second resonance and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance, and the second frequency difference is greater than the first frequency difference.

According to the embodiment of the present application, when the radiator is coupled to the floor at the grounding point, the radiator is coupled to different switch branches at the first connection point, and the third resonance and the fourth resonance can be generated by the line mode. The first switch branch and the second switch branch can also be used to adjust the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line CM mode and the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line mode.

When the second switch branch is coupled to the first connection point, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line CM mode and the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line DM mode increases compared to when the first switch branch is coupled to the first connection point, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is weakened, and the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis is strengthened. When the first switch branch is coupled to the first connection point, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line CM mode and the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line DM mode decreases compared to when the second switch branch is coupled to the first connection point, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is strengthened, and the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis is weakened.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a third resonance, and there is a first frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a fourth resonance, and there is a second frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the second resonance and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance, and the difference between the second frequency difference and the first frequency difference is greater than or equal to 100 MHz.

According to an embodiment of the present application, when the difference between the first frequency difference and the second frequency difference is within the above range, the antenna has a wider beam width, so that the antenna has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first side or the second side includes a third position, and the second side includes a fourth position; the antenna further includes: a parasitic branch, the parasitic branch includes a conductive portion of the frame between the third position and the fourth position, and at least a portion of the parasitic branch is spaced apart from the floor; a third switch branch, a fourth switch branch, and a second switch, the parasitic branch includes a second connection point, the third switch branch and the second switch are coupled and connected between the second connection point and the floor, the first connection port of the second switch is coupled to the third switch branch, and the second connection port of the second switch is coupled to the fourth switch branch; wherein, based on the coupling of the first connection point to the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point to the third branch, the antenna is used to generate a first directional pattern, and the maximum radiation direction of the first directional pattern is a first direction; based on the coupling of the first connection point to the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point to the fourth branch, the antenna is used to generate a second directional pattern, and the maximum radiation direction of the second directional pattern is a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the first parasitic branch can be used to make the difference between the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern greater (for example, the angle between the maximum radiation directions is increased, for example, the angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 15°), which can further widen the width of the antenna radiation beam, so that the antenna has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the frame is coupled to the floor at a third position, and the frame defines a third insulating gap at the fourth position.

According to the embodiment of the present application, the first parasitic branch may have any structure, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the third position is located between the fourth position and the second position.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis, and the parasitic branch is located on the second side of the virtual axis; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis, and the parasitic branch is located on the second side of the virtual axis.

According to an embodiment of the present application, when the first connection point is coupled to the first switch branch, the second connection point is coupled to the third switch branch through the second switch, and the radiator and the first parasitic branch are used to generate a first radiation pattern of the antenna.

In one embodiment, when the first connection point is coupled to the second switch branch, the second connection point is coupled to the fourth switch branch through the second switch, for example, the common port of the second switch is coupled to the second connection port of the second switch, and the third switch branch is coupled to the second connection point, the radiator and the first parasitic branch are used to generate a second radiation pattern of the antenna.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, based on the first connection point being coupled to the first switch branch and the second connection point being coupled to the third branch, the currents on the radiator and the parasitic branch are in the same direction.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the radiator is used to generate a main resonance, the parasitic branch is used to generate a parasitic resonance, the parasitic resonance is located within the resonant frequency band of the main resonance, and the main resonance and the parasitic resonance together form the first resonance.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the antenna produces an efficiency pit at a first frequency point, and the frequency difference between the resonant point frequency of the first resonance and the first frequency point frequency is less than or equal to 100 MHz.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first frequency band is in the range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz, or the second frequency band is in the range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz.

According to an embodiment of the present application, when the radiator is arranged on the top or bottom edge of the electronic device, the resonant frequency band of the first resonance includes at least part of the frequency band within 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz, and the antenna can have better radiation characteristics (for example, radiation efficiency, bandwidth, etc.).

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the feeding circuit is used to transmit radio frequency signals in the first frequency band and radio frequency signals in the second frequency band.

In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising: a floor; a frame, the frame comprising a first side, and a second side and a third side intersecting the first side at an angle, the length of the first side being less than the length of the second side and the length of the third side, the first side comprising a first position and a second position, the frame having a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position and the second position, the first side or the second side comprising a third position, the second side comprising a fourth position, the first side or the third side comprising a fifth position, the third side comprising a sixth position, the frame being coupled to the floor at the third position or having an insulating gap, and being coupled to the floor at the fourth position The antenna comprises: a radiator, a first parasitic branch and a second parasitic branch, the radiator comprises a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, the first parasitic branch comprises a conductive portion of the frame between the third position and the fourth position, the second parasitic branch comprises a conductive portion of the frame between the fifth position and the sixth position, at least part of the radiator, at least part of the first parasitic branch, and at least part of the second parasitic branch are spaced from the floor; a feeding circuit, The radiator includes a feeding point, the feeding circuit is coupled to the feeding point; a first switch branch, a second switch branch and a first switch, the first parasitic branch includes a first connection point, the first switch branch and the first switch are coupled and connected between the first connection point and the floor, a first connection port of the first switch is coupled to the first switch branch, and a second connection port of the first switch is coupled to the second switch branch; a third switch branch, a fourth switch branch and a second switch, the second parasitic branch includes a second connection point, the second switch branch and the second switch are coupled and connected between the second connection point and the floor, and the first connection port of the second switch is coupled to the second switch branch. The second connection port of the second switch is coupled with the fourth switch branch; wherein, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the radiator is used to generate a first resonance; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the radiator is used to generate a second resonance; wherein the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance include a first frequency band, and the first frequency band is a transmitting frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band, or; the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance include a second frequency band, and the second frequency band is a receiving frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the antenna is used to generate a first radiation pattern, and the maximum radiator direction of the first radiation pattern is a first direction; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the antenna is used to generate a second radiation pattern, and the maximum radiator direction of the second radiation pattern is a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, an angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the current on the radiator and the current on the first parasitic branch are in the same direction; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the current on the radiator and the current on the second parasitic branch are in the same direction.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the frame has a first insulating gap, a second insulating gap, a third insulating gap and a fourth insulating gap at the first position, the second position, the fourth position and the sixth position, respectively, and the frame is coupled to the floor at the third position and the fifth position.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the third position is located between the fourth position and the second position, and the fifth position is located between the sixth position and the first position.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the antenna further includes: a fifth switch branch, a sixth switch branch and a third switch; wherein the radiator includes a third connection point, the fifth switch branch, the sixth switch branch and the third switch are coupled and connected between the third connection point and the floor, the first connection port of the third switch is coupled with the fifth switch branch, and the second connection port of the third switch is coupled with the sixth switch branch; the feeding point and the third connection point are respectively located on both sides of a virtual axis of the radiator, and the lengths of the radiators on both sides of the virtual axis are the same; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, and the coupling of the third connection point with the fifth switch branch, the radiator is used to generate the first resonance; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, and the coupling of the third connection point with the sixth switch branch, the radiator is used to generate the second resonance.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, based on the fact that the fifth switch branch and the sixth switch branch are capacitive, the equivalent capacitance value of the fifth switch branch is smaller than the equivalent capacitance value of the sixth switch branch, or, based on the fact that the fifth switch branch and the sixth switch branch are inductive, the equivalent inductance value of the fifth switch branch is smaller than the equivalent inductance value of the sixth switch branch, or, the first switch branch can be capacitive and the second switch branch can be inductive.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the third connection point is located on the first side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point is located on the second side of the virtual axis; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, and the coupling of the third connection point with the fifth switch branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis, the first parasitic branch is located on the second side of the virtual axis, and the second parasitic branch is located on the first side of the virtual axis; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, and the coupling of the third connection point with the sixth switch branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the radiator is used to generate a first main resonance, the first parasitic branch is used to generate a first parasitic resonance, the first parasitic resonance is located within the resonance frequency band of the first main resonance, and the first main resonance and the first parasitic resonance jointly form the first resonance; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the radiator is used to generate a second main resonance, the second parasitic branch is used to generate a second parasitic resonance, the second parasitic resonance is located within the resonance frequency band of the second main resonance, and the second main resonance and the second parasitic resonance jointly form the second resonance.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the antenna generates an efficiency pit at a first frequency point, and the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the first frequency point frequency is less than or equal to 100 MHz; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the antenna generates an efficiency pit at a second frequency point, and the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the second resonance and the second frequency point frequency is less than or equal to 100 MHz.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first frequency band is in the range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz, or the second frequency band is in the range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the feeding circuit is used to transmit radio frequency signals in the first frequency band and radio frequency signals in the second frequency band.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a common mode of an antenna provided in the present application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a differential mode of an antenna provided in the present application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a satellite communication usage scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 5 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 8 shows S parameters of the antenna 200 (the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 7 .

FIG. 9 shows S parameters of the antenna 200 (the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 7 .

FIG. 10 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 (the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 are coupled to the first connection point 211 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 7 .

FIG. 11 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 7 .

FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 7 .

FIG. 13 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 7 .

FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 7 .

FIG. 15 is a directional diagram formed by superimposing the first directional diagram and the second directional diagram in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 7 .

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 22 shows S parameters of the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 , and the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .

FIG. 23 shows S parameters of the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .

FIG. 24 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 (connection points coupling different switch branches) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .

FIG. 25 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 , and the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .

FIG. 26 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 , and the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .

FIG. 27 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .

FIG. 28 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .

FIG. 29 is a directional diagram formed by superimposing the first directional diagram and the second directional diagram in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .

FIG30 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG31 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG33 shows S parameters of the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG31 .

FIG34 shows S parameters of the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG31 .

FIG. 35 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 (connection points coupling different switch branches) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 31 .

FIG36 is a directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG31 .

FIG37 is a directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG31 .

FIG. 38 is a directional diagram formed by superimposing the first directional diagram and the second directional diagram in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 31 .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following explains the terms that may appear in the embodiments of the present application.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" used in this article is only a description of the same field of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

When used in this application, “within the range of…”, unless it is separately specified that an end value is not included, it is assumed that both end values of the range are included. For example, in the range of 1 to 5, the two values 1 and 5 are included.

Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and/or indirect coupling, and "coupled connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and/or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the connection between different components in the circuit structure through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless/non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts to form an equivalent capacitor.

Component/device: includes at least one of lumped component/device and distributed component/device.

Lumped component/device: refers to the collective name for all components when the size of the component is much smaller than the wavelength relative to the circuit operating frequency. For the signal, regardless of any time, the component characteristics always remain fixed and are independent of frequency.

Distributed components/devices: Unlike lumped components, if the size of the component is similar to or larger than the wavelength relative to the circuit operating frequency, then when the signal passes through the component, the characteristics of each point of the component itself will vary due to changes in the signal. At this time, the component as a whole cannot be regarded as a single entity with fixed characteristics, but should be called a distributed component.

Capacitance: It can be understood as lumped capacitance and/or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitors; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts separated by a certain gap.

Inductance: It can be understood as lumped inductance and/or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to inductive components, such as inductors; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a certain length of conductive parts.

Radiator: It is a device in the antenna used to receive/send electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the "antenna" in a narrow sense is understood as a radiator, which converts the waveguide energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into waveguide energy, which is used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or waveguide energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via the feeder line, and is converted into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy by the radiator and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is transmitted to the receiver input via the feeder line.

The radiator may include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a linear or sheet shape, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the linear radiator may be referred to as a linear antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator may be implemented by a conductive frame, and may also be referred to as a frame antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator may be implemented by a bracket conductor, and may also be referred to as a bracket antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator, or the radiator of the linear antenna, has a wire diameter (e.g., including thickness and width) much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1/16 of the wavelength), and the length may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is about 1/8 of the wavelength, or 1/8 to 1/4, or 1/4 to 1/2, or longer). The main forms of linear antennas are dipole antennas, half-wave oscillator antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, and inverted F antennas (also known as IFA, Inverted F Antenna). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna generally includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feeding unit from the feeding end of the radiating branch. For example, an inverted-F antenna (IFA) can be regarded as a monopole antenna with a ground path added. The IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is an inverted F shape. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted F antenna (also known as PIFA, Planar Inverted F Antenna). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a planar conductor (such as a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive coating, such as a silver paste, etc. The shape of the sheet radiator includes a circle, a rectangle, a ring, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of the microstrip antenna is generally composed of a dielectric substrate, a radiator and a floor, wherein the dielectric substrate is arranged between the radiator and the floor.

The radiator may also include a slot or a slit formed on the conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or slit formed on a grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, a slotted or slitted radiator may be referred to as a slot antenna or a slot antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (e.g., including the width) of the slot or slit of the slot antenna/slot antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1/16 of the wavelength), and the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is about 1/8 of the wavelength, or 1/8 to 1/4, or 1/4 to 1/2, or longer). In one embodiment, a radiator with a closed slot or slit may be referred to as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, a radiator with a semi-closed slot or slit (e.g., an opening is added to a closed slot or slit) may be referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the slot shape is a long strip. In some embodiments, the length of the slot is about half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the length of the slot is about an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one times the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot can be fed by a transmission line connected across one or both sides thereof, thereby exciting a radio frequency electromagnetic field on the slot and radiating electromagnetic waves into space. In one embodiment, the radiator of the slot antenna or slot antenna can be realized by a conductive frame with both ends grounded, which can also be called a frame antenna; in this embodiment, it can be regarded as that the slot antenna or slot antenna includes a linear radiator, which is spaced apart from the floor and grounded at both ends of the radiator, thereby forming a closed or semi-closed slot or slot. In one embodiment, the radiator of the slot antenna or slot antenna can be realized by a bracket conductor with both ends grounded, which can also be called a bracket antenna.

The feed circuit is a combination of all circuits used for receiving and transmitting RF signals. The feed circuit may include a transceiver and an RF front end circuit. In some cases, the "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense as a RF chip (RFIC, Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), and RFIC can be considered to include an RF front end chip and a transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., RF signals) and electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). Usually, it is considered to be the RF part.

In some embodiments, the electronic device may further include a test socket (or referred to as a radio frequency socket or a radio frequency test socket). The test socket may be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the radio frequency front-end circuit or the radiator of the antenna through the cable. The radio frequency front-end circuit may be considered as a circuit portion coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

In some embodiments, the RF front-end circuit may be integrated into a RF front-end chip in the electronic device, or the RF front-end circuit and the transceiver may be integrated into a RF chip in the electronic device.

It should be understood that any two of the first/second/...Nth feeding circuits in the present application may share the same transceiver, for example, transmitting signals through a radio frequency channel in a transceiver (for example, a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip); and may also share a radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, processing signals through a tuning circuit or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

It should also be understood that two feeding circuits in the first/second/...Nth feeding circuits in the present application usually correspond to two radio frequency test sockets in the electronic device.

A matching circuit is a circuit used to adjust the radiation characteristics of an antenna. In one embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between a feed circuit and a corresponding radiator. In one embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between a test socket and a radiator. Typically, a matching circuit is a combination of circuits coupled between a radiator and a floor. In one embodiment, the matching circuit may include a tuning circuit and/or an electronic component, and the tuning circuit may be an electronic component used to switch the coupling connection of the radiator. The matching circuit has the functions of impedance matching and/or frequency tuning. Typically, it is considered to be a part of the antenna.

The grounding structure/feeding structure may include a connector, such as a metal spring, and the radiator is coupled to the floor through the grounding structure/feeding structure is coupled to the feeding circuit. In some embodiments, the feeding structure may include a transmission line/feeding line, and the grounding structure may include a grounding line.

End/point: The "end/point" in the first end/second end/feeding end/grounding end/feeding point/grounding point/connection point of the antenna radiator cannot be narrowly understood as an end point or end portion that is physically disconnected from other radiators, but can also be considered as a point or a section on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, the "end/point" may include a connection/coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, the feeding end/feeding point may be a connection/coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a feeding structure or a feeding circuit (for example, an area facing a portion of the feeding circuit). For another example, the grounding end/grounding point may be a connection/coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a grounding structure or a grounding circuit (for example, an area facing a portion of the grounding circuit).

Open end, closed end: In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to whether they are grounded. The closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors. The closed end is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as a suspended end, a free end, an open end, or an open-circuit end. In one embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounded end or a short-circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled and connected through the open end to transfer coupling energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

In some embodiments, the "closed end" can also be understood from the perspective of current distribution. The closed end or the grounded end, etc., can be understood as a point with larger current on the radiator, or as a point with smaller electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current/small electric field can be maintained by coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current/small electric field can be maintained by opening a gap at or near the closed end (for example, a gap filled with insulating material).

In some embodiments, the "open end" can also be understood from the perspective of current distribution. The open end or suspended end, etc., can be understood as a point with smaller current on the radiator, or as a point with larger electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the open end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the smaller current point/larger electric field point.

It should be understood that coupling the radiator end at a gap (from the perspective of the structure of the radiator, it is similar to a radiator at an opening of an open end or a suspended end) with electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) can make the radiator end a point with larger current/smaller electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

The “suspended radiator” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application means that the radiator is not directly connected to the feeder line/feeder branch and/or the grounding line/grounding branch, but is fed and/or grounded through indirect coupling.

It should be understood that the "suspended" in "suspended end" or "suspended radiator" does not mean that there is no structure around the radiator to support it. In one embodiment, the suspended radiator can be, for example, a radiator disposed on the inner surface of the insulating back cover.

The current same direction/reverse direction mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the conductor on the same side is the same direction/reverse direction. For example, when stimulating a distributed current in the same direction on a conductor that is bent or annular (for example, the current path is also bent or annular), it should be understood that, for example, the main current stimulating on the conductors on both sides of the annular conductor (for example, a conductor surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) is opposite in direction, but it still belongs to the definition of the distributed current in the same direction in the embodiments of the present application. In one embodiment, the current same direction on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having no reverse point. In one embodiment, the current reverse on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having at least one reverse point. In one embodiment, the current same direction on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reverse point and flowing in the same direction. In one embodiment, the current reverse on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reverse point and flowing in opposite directions. The current same direction/reverse direction on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

Resonance/resonance frequency: The resonance frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonance frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the antenna/radiator mentioned in this application produces a "first/second... resonance", where the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna/radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna/radiator. It should be understood that the antenna/radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to a fundamental mode resonance.

Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

Communication frequency band/working frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always works within a certain frequency range (band width). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band has a working frequency band that includes frequencies in the range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the working frequency band of the antenna includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the working frequency band of the antenna.

The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same, or may partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna may cover one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

Electrical length: It can refer to the ratio of physical length (ie mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

Wavelength: or operating wavelength, which can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the operating frequency band.

It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in the air can be calculated as follows: (wavelength in air, or wavelength in vacuum) = speed of light/frequency, where frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz), and the speed of light can be taken as 3×108 m/s. The wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Among them, ε is the relative dielectric constant of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to the dielectric wavelength, which can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the wavelength can be the dielectric wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "dielectric wavelength" may also refer to the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band. For ease of understanding, the dielectric wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one or more sides of the radiator.

Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.

Antenna radiation efficiency: refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna into space (i.e. the power of the electromagnetic wave part that is effectively converted) to the active power input to the antenna. Among them, the active power input to the antenna = the input power of the antenna - the loss power; the loss power mainly includes the return loss power and the ohmic loss power of the metal and/or the dielectric loss power. The radiation efficiency is a value that measures the radiation ability of the antenna. Metal loss and dielectric loss are both factors that affect the radiation efficiency.

Those skilled in the art can understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between efficiency and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

Antenna return loss: It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the transmit power of the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which can characterize the antenna transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter is, the smaller the antenna return loss is, and the less energy is reflected back by the antenna itself, which means that more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna system efficiency is; the larger the S11 parameter is, the greater the antenna return loss is, and the lower the antenna system efficiency is.

It should be noted that in engineering, the S11 value is generally -6dB as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or that the antenna has good transmission efficiency.

Antenna pattern: also called radiation pattern. It refers to the graph of the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna radiation field changing with direction at a certain distance from the antenna (far field). It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns in the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna.

Antenna radiation patterns usually have multiple radiation beams. The radiation beam with the strongest radiation intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining radiation beams are called side lobes or side lobes. Among the side lobes, the side lobe in the opposite direction of the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

Beam width: refers to the angle with the top direction pointing to the electronic device (for example, z direction) within the first angle range, the gain of the directional pattern generated by the antenna is greater than or equal to the threshold, the first angle is the beam width. When the first angle is large, for example, greater than or equal to 30°, it can be considered that the antenna has a wide beam characteristic, and the antenna has good radiation characteristics within this angle range.

Directivity: Also known as the directivity of an antenna. It refers to the ratio of the maximum power density to the average value on the antenna pattern at a certain distance from the antenna (far field), which is a dimensionless ratio greater than or equal to 1. It can be used to indicate the energy radiation characteristics of an antenna. The larger the directivity, the more energy the antenna radiates in a certain direction, and the more concentrated the energy radiation.

Antenna gain: It is used to characterize the degree to which the antenna radiates the input power. Generally, the narrower the main lobe of the antenna pattern and the smaller the side lobe, the higher the antenna gain.

Polarization direction of the antenna: At a given point in space, the electric field strength E (vector) is a function of time t. As time goes by, the endpoints of the vector periodically draw a trajectory in space. If the trajectory is straight and perpendicular to the ground, it is called vertical polarization. If it is horizontal to the ground, it is called horizontal polarization. If the trajectory is an ellipse or a circle, when observed along the propagation direction, it rotates in the right hand or clockwise direction over time, which is called right-hand circular polarization (RHCP). If it rotates in the left hand or counterclockwise direction over time, it is called left-hand circular polarization (LHCP).

Ground (GND): It can refer to at least a part of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a part of any combination of any of the above grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding components. "Ground" can be used for grounding components in electronic devices. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of the circuit board of the electronic device, or it can be the grounding plate formed by the frame of the electronic device or the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film under the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer or 12 to 14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13 or 14 layers of conductive materials, or an element separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as glass fiber, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer and a routing layer, and the routing layer and the grounding layer are electrically connected through vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, a touch screen, an input button, a transmitter, a processor, a memory, a battery, a charging circuit, a system on chip (SoC) structure, etc. can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board; or electrically connected to a wiring layer and/or a ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source is disposed in the wiring layer.

Any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the grounding layer/grounding plate/grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

Grounding: refers to coupling with the above-mentioned ground/floor in any way. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as physical grounding (or physical ground) at a specific position on the frame through some structural parts of the middle frame. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as grounding through devices such as capacitors/inductors/resistors connected in series or in parallel (or device ground).

The technical solution of the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG1 , the electronic device 10 may include: a cover 13, a display screen/module (display) 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame (middle frame) 19 and a rear cover (rear cover) 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 may be a glass cover, or may be replaced by a cover made of other materials, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material cover.

The cover plate 13 may be disposed closely to the display module 15 , and may be mainly used to protect the display module 15 and prevent dust.

In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel or an organic light-emitting semiconductor (OLED) display panel, etc., but the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

The middle frame 19 mainly supports the whole machine. FIG. 1 shows that the PCB 17 is arranged between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, the PCB 17 can also be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this. Among them, the printed circuit board PCB17 can adopt a flame retardant material (FR-4) dielectric board, or a Rogers dielectric board, or a mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, and so on. Here, FR-4 is a code for a grade of flame retardant material, and the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are carried on the PCB17. In one embodiment, a metal layer can be provided on the printed circuit board PCB17. The metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB17, and can also be used for grounding other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. The metal layer can be called a floor, or a grounding plate, or a grounding layer. In one embodiment, the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any layer of the dielectric board in the PCB17. In one embodiment, the metal layer for grounding can be arranged on one side of the printed circuit board PCB17 close to the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB17 can be regarded as the edge of its grounding layer. In one embodiment, the metal middle frame 19 can also be used for grounding the above-mentioned components. The electronic device 10 can also have other floors/grounding plates/grounding layers, as described above, which will not be repeated here.

Due to the compactness of the interior of the electronic device, a floor/grounding plate/grounding layer is usually provided in the internal space 0-2 mm away from the inner surface of the frame (for example, a printed circuit board, a middle frame, a metal layer of a screen, a battery, etc. can all be regarded as part of the floor). In one embodiment, a medium is filled between the frame and the floor, and the inner surface contour of the filling medium and the length and width of the rectangle enclosed by the medium can be simply regarded as the length and width of the floor; the length and width of the rectangle enclosed by the contour formed by superimposing all the conductive parts inside the frame can also be regarded as the length and width of the floor.

The electronic device 10 may further include a battery (not shown). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery may be disposed between the main board and the sub-board, wherein the main board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

The electronic device 10 may further include a frame 11, which may include a conductive material such as metal. The frame 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The frame 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help fix the display module 15.

In one implementation, the frame 11 mainly including conductive material can be called a conductive frame or a metal frame of the electronic device 10, which is suitable for the industrial design (ID) of the metal appearance. In one implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 is mainly conductive material, such as metal material, so as to form the appearance of a metal frame. In these implementations, the conductive part of the frame 11 including the outer surface can be used as an antenna radiator of the electronic device 10, and is generally called a frame antenna.

In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 is mainly non-conductive material, such as plastic, forming the appearance of a non-metallic frame, which is suitable for non-metallic ID. In one implementation, the inner surface of the frame 11 may include a conductive material, such as a metal material. In this implementation, the conductive part of the inner surface of the frame 11 can be used as an antenna radiator of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that the radiator (or the conductive material on the inner surface) arranged on the inner surface of the frame 11 can be arranged close to the non-conductive material of the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the radiator and be closer to the outside of the electronic device 10 to achieve better signal transmission effect, and it can also be called a frame antenna. It should be noted that the antenna radiator is arranged close to the non-conductive material of the frame 11, which means that the antenna radiator can be arranged close to the inner surface of the non-conductive material, or it can be embedded in the non-conductive material, or it can be arranged close to the inner surface of the non-conductive material, for example, there can be a certain small gap between the antenna radiator and the inner surface of the non-conductive material. It should be understood that both the conductive material and the non-conductive material can be regarded as part of the frame 11.

It should be understood that there may be an insulating gap on the frame 11, and the conductor part of the frame between two insulating gaps or the insulating gap and the grounding point serves as a radiator, thereby forming a frame antenna. Among them, when the frame 11 is formed of a conductive material such as metal, the insulating gap can be understood as a gap opened in the frame 11 filled with non-metallic material (insulating material). In this case, the gap is visible on the exterior surface. When the outer surface of the frame 11 is a non-conductive material, the insulating gap can be understood as a gap formed between two sections of radiators on the inner surface of the frame 11. Non-metallic material (insulating material) may be provided in the gap, or non-metallic material may not be provided, for example, it is filled with air. In this case, the gap is not visible on the exterior surface.

The middle frame 19 may include a border 11. The middle frame 19 including the border 11 is an integral part, which can support the electronic devices in the whole machine. The cover plate 13 and the back cover 21 are respectively covered along the upper and lower edges of the border to form a shell or housing (housing) of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 and/or the middle frame 19 can be collectively referred to as the shell or housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 or the middle frame 19, or to refer to part or all of any combination of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 or the middle frame 19.

The frame 11 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to receive/transmit radio frequency signals. There can be a gap between this portion of the frame that serves as the radiator and other portions of the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment. In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 can be provided with an aperture at this portion of the frame that serves as the radiator to facilitate the radiation of the antenna.

Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be considered as a part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the frame 11 may be connected to the middle frame 19 and formed integrally. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include a protrusion extending inward to be connected to the middle frame 19, for example, by means of a shrapnel, a screw, welding, etc. The protrusion of the frame 11 may also be used to receive a feed signal, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 serves as a radiator of the antenna to receive/transmit radio frequency signals. There may be a gap between this portion of the frame that serves as a radiator and the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, so that the antenna has a good signal transmission function.

The back cover 21 may be a back cover made of metal material; or a back cover made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, or a back cover made of both conductive and non-conductive materials. In one embodiment, the back cover 21 made of conductive material may replace the middle frame 19 and be integrated with the frame 11 to support the electronic components in the whole device.

In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 and/or the conductive parts in the back cover 21 can be used as the reference ground of the electronic device 10, wherein the frame 11, PCB 17, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the middle frame.

The antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be arranged in the housing, such as a bracket antenna, a millimeter wave antenna, etc. (not shown in FIG. 1 ). The clearance of the antenna arranged in the housing can be obtained by the slits/openings on any one of the middle frame, and/or the frame, and/or the back cover, and/or the display screen, or by the non-conductive gap/aperture formed between any of them. The clearance setting of the antenna can ensure the radiation characteristics of the antenna. It should be understood that the clearance of the antenna can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive component in the electronic device 10, and the antenna radiates signals to the external space through the non-conductive area. In one embodiment, the antenna 40 can be in the form of an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser direct structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA). In one embodiment, the antenna can also adopt a transparent structure embedded in the screen of the electronic device 10, so that the antenna is a transparent antenna unit embedded in the screen of the electronic device 10.

FIG. 1 schematically shows only some components of the electronic device 10 , and the actual shapes, sizes and structures of these components are not limited by FIG. 1 .

It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the surface where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front side, the surface where the back cover is located can be considered as the back side, and the surface where the frame is located can be considered as the side side.

First, the present application will involve two antenna modes as introduced by FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a common mode of an antenna provided by the present application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a differential mode of another antenna provided by the present application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. The antenna radiator in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 has open ends, and its common mode mode and differential mode can be respectively referred to as a line common mode mode and a line differential mode mode.

It should be understood that the "common mode mode" or "CM mode" in this application includes a line common mode mode and a slot common mode mode, and the "differential mode mode" or "DM mode" in this application includes a line differential mode mode and a slot differential mode mode, which can be specifically determined according to the structure of the antenna.

It should be understood that the "common-differential mode" or "CM-DM mode" in this application refers to the line common mode mode and the line differential mode mode generated on the same radiator, or refers to the slot common mode mode and the slot differential mode mode generated on the same radiator, which can be specifically determined according to the structure of the antenna.

1. Common mode (CM) mode

(a) in FIG. 2 shows that both ends of the radiator of the antenna 40 are open, and a feeding circuit (not shown) is connected at the middle position 41. In one embodiment, the feeding form of the antenna 40 adopts symmetrical feed. The feeding circuit can be connected to the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 through a feeding line 42. It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feeding circuit is connected to the radiator and the other end is grounded, wherein the connection point between the feeding circuit and the radiator (feeding point) is located at the center of the radiator, and the center of the radiator can be, for example, the midpoint of the geometric structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or an area within a certain range near the above midpoint).

The middle position 41 of the antenna 40 may be, for example, the geometric center of the antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator. For example, the connection between the feed line 42 and the antenna 40 covers the middle position 41 .

(b) in FIG2 shows the current and electric field distribution of the antenna 40. As shown in (b) in FIG2, the current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 41, for example, symmetrically; the electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 41. As shown in (b) in FIG2, the current at the feeder 42 is distributed in the same direction. Based on the same direction distribution of the current at the feeder 42, the feeding shown in (a) in FIG2 can be called line CM feeding. Based on the opposite distribution of the current on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feeder 42, the antenna mode shown in (b) in FIG2 can be called a line CM mode (it can also be referred to as a CM mode for short, for example, for a line antenna, the CM mode refers to a line CM mode). The current and electric field shown in (b) in FIG2 can be respectively referred to as the current and electric field of the line CM mode.

The current is stronger at the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 (the current is stronger near the middle position 41 of the antenna 40), and weaker at both ends of the antenna 40, as shown in (b) of Figure 2. The electric field is weaker at the middle position 41 of the antenna 40, and stronger at both ends of the antenna 40.

2. Line differential mode (DM) mode

As shown in (a) of FIG. 3 , the left and right ends of the two radiators of the antenna 50 are open ends, and a feeding circuit is connected at the middle position 51. In one embodiment, the feeding form of the antenna 50 adopts anti-symmetrical feed. One end of the feeding circuit is connected to one of the radiators through a feeding line 52, and the other end of the feeding circuit is connected to the other radiator through a feeding line 52. The middle position 51 can be the geometric center of the antenna 50, or the gap formed between the radiators.

It should be understood that the "center antisymmetric feeding" mentioned in this application can be understood as that the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit are respectively connected to two connection points near the above-mentioned midpoint of the radiator. In one embodiment, the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit output signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases, for example, the phase difference is 180°±10°.

(b) in FIG3 shows the current and electric field distribution of the antenna 50. As shown in (b) in FIG3, the current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 51 of the antenna 50, for example, in an antisymmetric distribution; the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 51. As shown in (b) in FIG3, the current at the feeder 52 is distributed in opposite directions. Based on the opposite distribution of the current at the feeder 52, the feeding shown in (a) in FIG3 can be called line DM feeding. Based on the fact that the current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feeder 52, the antenna mode shown in (b) in FIG3 can be called a line DM mode (it can also be referred to as a DM mode for short, for example, for a linear antenna, the DM mode refers to a line DM mode). The current and electric field shown in (b) in FIG3 can be respectively referred to as the current and electric field of the line DM mode.

The current is stronger at the middle position 51 of the antenna 50 (the current is stronger near the middle position 51 of the antenna 50), and weaker at both ends of the antenna 50, as shown in (b) of FIG3. The electric field is weaker at the middle position 51 of the antenna 50, and stronger at both ends of the wire antenna 50.

It should be understood that the antenna radiator can be understood as a metal structural part that generates radiation, and the number can be one, as shown in FIG. 2, or two, as shown in FIG. 3, which can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the line CM mode, two radiators can be used as shown in FIG. 3, and the two ends of the two radiators are arranged opposite to each other and separated by a gap. A symmetrical feeding method is adopted at the two ends close to each other, for example, the same feed source signal is fed into the two ends close to each other, and an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 can also be obtained. Correspondingly, for the line DM mode, a radiator can be used as shown in FIG. 2, two feeding points are set in the middle position of the radiator, and an anti-symmetric feeding method is adopted. For example, if two symmetrical feeding points on the radiator are fed with signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases, an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG. 3 can also be obtained.

3. Line CM-DM mode

FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 above respectively show the line CM mode and the line DM mode generated by using different feeding methods when both ends of the radiator are open.

When the antenna is fed in an asymmetric manner (the feeding point is offset from the middle of the radiator, including side feeding or offset feeding), or the grounding point of the radiator (where it is coupled with the floor) is asymmetric (the grounding point is offset from the middle of the radiator), the antenna can simultaneously generate the first resonance and the second resonance, corresponding to the line CM mode and the line DM mode, respectively. For example, the first resonance corresponds to the line CM mode, and the current and electric field distribution are shown in (b) of Figure 2. The second resonance corresponds to the line DM mode, and the current and electric field distribution are shown in (b) of Figure 3.

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a satellite communication usage scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in FIG. 4 , when a user performs satellite communication through an electronic device, it is necessary to point the area of the antenna in the electronic device with better radiation characteristics toward the satellite to achieve satellite alignment (establish a communication connection with the satellite).

During satellite communications, the relative position of the electronic device and the satellite changes. For example, when a low-orbit satellite moves, the satellite may exceed the area where the antenna has good radiation characteristics (for example, the antenna has good radiation characteristics within 30° from the top direction, and the satellite is outside this area). In this case, the user needs to change the holding posture or move the device so that the satellite is still in the area where the antenna has good radiation characteristics to maintain the satellite alignment or establish a connection with a new satellite. Otherwise, poor communication quality or even disconnection will occur, greatly affecting the user's communication experience.

The present application provides an electronic device, which includes an antenna. The working frequency band of the antenna includes a satellite communication frequency band. The antenna uses at least a conductive part of a frame as a radiator. The antenna can generate different maximum radiation directions, thereby improving the user experience when performing satellite communication.

It should be understood that the radiator and parasitic branches described in the embodiments of the present application may have different functions in different usage scenarios of the electronic device. For example, in the embodiments of the present application, the electronic device performing communication under the first satellite system is taken as an example for explanation. In this usage scenario, the radiator and parasitic branches are used to generate resonance and a directional pattern suitable for communication with the first satellite system. In other scenarios, for example, the electronic device does not perform satellite communication under the first satellite system, and the radiator and parasitic branches can be used as radiators or parasitic branches of different communication systems, for example, radiators or parasitic branches of antennas in cellular systems, or radiators or parasitic branches of antennas in WiFi.

Therefore, the embodiments of the present application are related to electronic devices performing satellite communications, and any electronic device performing satellite communications (or having satellite communication functions) is applicable to the embodiments of the present application.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the electronic device 10 includes a frame 11 , an antenna 200 , and a floor 300 .

At least part of the frame 11 is spaced apart from the floor 300. The frame 11 includes a first position 201 and a second position 202. The frame 11 is provided with a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position 201 and the second position 202.

In one embodiment, the width of the first insulating gap is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm. It should be understood that the width of the gaps provided on the frame in the embodiment of the present application can be within the above range, and for the sake of simplicity, they will not be described one by one. Among them, the "width of the insulating gap" should be understood as the dimension in the direction extending between two sections of conductive material (for example, two sections of radiators).

The frame 11 includes a first side 131 and a second side 132 that intersects the first side 131 at an angle, and the length of the first side 131 is less than the length of the second side 132. The first position 201 and the second position 202 are located at the first side 131. In one embodiment, the first side 131 can be understood as a short side of the electronic device 10. When the electronic device 10 is a foldable electronic device including multiple shells, the first side 131 can be understood as a short side of the electronic device 10 in a folded state.

It should be understood that the first side 131 may be the top side or the bottom side of the electronic device 10. For the sake of simplicity, the first side 131 is only taken as the top side of the electronic device 10 for illustration. The top side/bottom side of the electronic device 10 may be understood as the top/bottom side in a normal use state, for example, in a mobile phone, it may be understood as the top/bottom side under a desktop or a graphical user interface (GUI).

The antenna 200 includes a radiator 210 , a feeding circuit 220 , a first switch branch 231 , a second switch branch 232 , and a first switch 241 .

The radiator 210 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the first position 201 and the second position 202. At least a portion of the radiator 210 is spaced apart from the floor 300.

The radiator 210 includes a feeding point 221 , and the feeding circuit 220 is coupled to the feeding point 221 to feed an electrical signal into the antenna 200 .

It should be understood that for the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the embodiments of the present application, only the electrical connection in the coupling connection is used as an example for explanation. In actual production or design, it can also be achieved through indirect coupling.

The radiator 210 includes a first connection point 211. A first switch branch 231, a second switch branch 232 and a first switch 241 are coupled between the first connection point 211 and the floor 300. A first connection port of the first switch 241 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, and a second connection port of the first switch 241 is coupled to the second switch branch 232.

For ease of understanding, the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 can be considered to be arranged in parallel. In one embodiment, the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 are connected in parallel between the floor 300 and the first connection point 211. In one embodiment, the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 are both connected in parallel between the floor 300 and the first connection point 211 through the first switch 241.

It should be understood that the "first switch", "second switch" and "third switch" in the present application may include one or more switch devices; the "first connection point", "second connection point" and "third connection point" in the present application may include one or more connection points. In one embodiment, the first switch branch 231 may be coupled between the floor 300 and the radiator 210 through a switch device in the first switch and a connection point in the first connection point 211; the second switch branch 232 may be coupled between the floor 300 and the radiator 210 through another switch device in the first switch and another connection point in the first connection point 211. In the embodiment of the present application, the switch is only used as a switch branch for switching to a different switch branch coupled with the radiator/parasitic branch, and its specific position and specific form are not limited.

It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the switch branch can be understood as a circuit between the switch and the connection point (for example, the first connection point 211) or the floor 300, and can be switched to different switch branches by the switch, so that the equivalent capacitance, equivalent resistance or equivalent inductance coupled to the connection point is different.

In one embodiment, the switch branch may include one or more electronic components, and the multiple electronic components may be connected in series or in parallel to achieve different equivalent capacitance values and/or equivalent inductance values and/or equivalent resistance values. In one embodiment, the switch branch may also include a switch, and the equivalent capacitance value and/or equivalent inductance value and/or equivalent resistance value of different states of the switch branch may be switched by the switch.

In one embodiment, the switch branch may not include electronic components. The switch branch may be used to determine the boundary conditions at the first connection point. For example, the switch branch is in an open circuit state, and when the switch common port is connected to the switch branch, the first connection point 211 is in an open circuit state (not coupled to the floor 300 through a device). Alternatively, the switch branch is in a short circuit state, and when the switch common port is connected to the switch branch, the first connection point 211 is in a short circuit state (electrically connected to the floor 300, and no other electronic components are provided). For the sake of simplicity in discussion, in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 5, only the first switch branch 231 includes an equivalent first electronic component, and the second switch branch 232 includes an equivalent second electronic component.

The feeding point 221 and the first connection point 211 are respectively located on two sides of a virtual axis of the radiator 210 , and the lengths of the radiator 210 on both sides of the virtual axis are the same.

It should be understood that the two sides of the virtual axis described in the embodiment of the present application can be understood as the two sides of the plane formed by the virtual axis and the thickness direction of the electronic device 10 (for example, the direction perpendicular to the display screen) (for example, the x direction).

At the same time, due to requirements in production design, the edge of the frame 11 facing the floor 300 (towards the inside of the electronic device 10) is not flat. Therefore, in the application embodiment, the virtual axis of the radiator 210 can be understood as a straight line passing through the center of the radiator 210 and perpendicular to the extension direction of the radiator 210.

When the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231. For example, the common port of the first switch 241 is coupled with the first connection port of the first switch 241, and the first switch branch 231 is coupled with the first connection point 211. The radiator 210 is used to generate a first resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the first resonance includes a first frequency band, and the first frequency band is at least a part of the satellite communication frequency band.

It should be understood that when the radiator 210 is arranged on the top or bottom edge of the electronic device 10, the resonant frequency band of the first resonance includes at least part of the frequency band within 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz, and the antenna 200 can have better radiation characteristics (for example, radiation efficiency, bandwidth, etc.).

Satellite communications include at least one of the following communications services: satellite receiving and/or sending short messages (also known as short messages), satellite calling and/or answering calls, and satellite data (such as Internet access).

In one embodiment, the satellite communication frequency band may include some frequency bands in the Tiantong satellite system, and may include the transmit frequency band (1980MHz-2010MHz) and the receive frequency band (2170MHz-2200MHz) in the Tiantong satellite system. In one embodiment, the satellite communication frequency band may include some frequency bands in the Beidou satellite system, and may include the transmit frequency band (1610MHz-1626.5MHz) and the receive frequency band (2483.5MHz-2500MHz) in the Beidou satellite system. In one embodiment, the satellite communication frequency band may include some frequency bands in the low-orbit satellite system, and may include the transmit frequency band (1668MHz-1675MHz) and the receive frequency band (1518MHz-1525MHz) in the low-orbit satellite system. Alternatively, it may also be applied to other satellite communication systems, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

It should be understood that when the electronic device 10 performs satellite communication, it can communicate with the communication satellite through one antenna or multiple antennas in the electronic device 10.

In one embodiment, when the electronic device 10 performs satellite communication, it can communicate with the communication satellite through an antenna in the electronic device 10. In this case, the antenna can load different electronic components in different time slots to adjust the resonance point frequency of the resonance, so that the antenna can work in the transmission frequency band and the reception frequency band of the satellite system.

In one embodiment, when the electronic device 10 performs satellite communication, it can communicate with the communication satellite through multiple antennas in the electronic device 10. In this case, the operating frequency bands of some of the multiple antennas may include the transmitting frequency bands in the satellite system, and the operating frequency bands of other antennas in the multiple antennas may include the receiving frequency bands of the satellite system.

In one embodiment, when the antenna 200 works in the Tiantong satellite system (the working frequency band of the antenna 200 includes at least part of the frequency band in the Tiantong satellite system), the electronic device 10 can perform voice communication through the antenna 200. In one embodiment, when the antenna 200 works in the Beidou satellite system (the working frequency band of the antenna 200 includes at least part of the frequency band in the Beidou satellite system), the electronic device 10 can send or receive short messages and pictures through the antenna 200.

When the first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch, for example, the common port of the first switch 241 is coupled with the second connection port of the first switch 241, the second switch branch 232 is coupled with the first connection point 211. The radiator 210 is used to generate a second resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance includes the above-mentioned first frequency band.

According to an embodiment of the present application, when the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232 through the first switch 241, for example, the first electronic component or the second electronic component is coupled to the first connection point 211, the resonant frequency band of the resonance generated by the radiator 210 can include the first frequency band.

It should be understood that when the electronic device 10 communicates with a communication satellite via the antenna 200, the operating frequency band of the antenna 200 may include a transmitting frequency band and a receiving frequency band in the satellite communication frequency band. In one embodiment, the feed circuit 220 is used to transmit a radio frequency signal of a first frequency band and a radio frequency signal of a second frequency band.

In one embodiment, at a first time/time period, the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance in the above embodiment include a first frequency band, and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band.

In one embodiment, at the first time/time period, the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance in the above embodiment include a second frequency band, and the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band.

In one embodiment, the first frequency band may be at least a portion of a frequency band within a range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 operates in the Tiantong satellite system, and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1980 MHz-2010 MHz) therein. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 operates in the Beidou satellite system, and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1610 MHz-1626.5 MHz) therein. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 operates in a low-orbit satellite system (e.g., StarNet), and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1668 MHz-1675 MHz) therein.

In one embodiment, the second frequency band may be at least a portion of a frequency band within a range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 operates in the Tiantong satellite system, and the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (2170 MHz-2200 MHz) therein. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 operates in the Beidou satellite system, and the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (2483.5 MHz-2500 MHz) therein. In one embodiment, the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (1518 MHz-1525 MHz) therein.

In one embodiment, the antenna 200 may further include a tuning circuit. The tuning circuit is coupled to the radiator 210 and is used to adjust the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the radiator 210, so that the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance include the first frequency band or the second frequency band, so that the antenna 200 can operate in the first frequency band and the second frequency band in different time slots. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit may include other switch branches coupled to the first connection point through the first switch 241. The switch branch is used to adjust the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the radiator 210, so that the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance include the first frequency band or the second frequency band. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit may include a first switch branch 231 and a second switch branch 232, and the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may be used to make the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance generated by the radiator 210 include the first frequency band. Other switch branches may be used to make the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance generated by the radiator 210 include the second frequency band. For the sake of simplicity, in the embodiments of the present application, only an example of an antenna operating in a single frequency band is used for illustration.

When the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 through the first switch 241, the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern, and the maximum radiator direction of the first directional pattern is the first direction. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 generates the first directional pattern, and it can be considered that the radiator 210 and the first switch branch 231 are used to generate the first directional pattern.

When the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232 through the first switch 241, the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern, and the maximum radiator direction of the second directional pattern is the second direction. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 generates the second directional pattern, and it can be considered that the radiator 210 and the second switch branch 232 are used to generate the second directional pattern. The first direction and the second direction are different.

It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application (for example, in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 5 ), the antenna 200 is in the same working state as an example for description. The same working state can be understood as the working frequency band of the antenna 200 either including the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the antenna 200 can communicate in the corresponding frequency band when the first switch 241 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232.

The first frequency band is a transmitting frequency band in the satellite communication frequency band (for example, the transmitting frequency band in the Tiantong satellite system, 1980MHz-2010MHz), and the antenna 200 can be coupled to the first switching branch 231 or the second switching branch 232 through the first connection point 211 to generate the first directional pattern or the second directional pattern to transmit a radio frequency signal to the communication satellite.

The second frequency band is a receiving frequency band in the satellite communication frequency band (for example, the receiving frequency band in the Tiantong satellite system, 2170MHz-2200MHz), and the antenna 200 can be coupled to the first directional pattern or the second directional pattern generated by the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232 through the first connection point 211 to receive the radio frequency signal sent by the communication satellite.

When the electronic device 10 is used as an antenna for transmitting and receiving with a communication satellite in different time slots through the antenna 200, the working frequency band of the antenna 200 can include the transmitting frequency band or the receiving frequency band of the satellite system in different time slots. In the corresponding time slot, the antenna 200 can transmit a radio frequency signal to the communication satellite or receive a radio frequency signal sent by the communication satellite through the generated first directional pattern or the second directional pattern.

Antenna 200 can have two directional patterns with different maximum radiation directions in the first frequency band. Antenna 200 can switch the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern generated by antenna 200 according to the communication status (for example, including relative position) between the communication satellite and the electronic device 10 to switch the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by antenna 200 to ensure the communication quality between the communication satellite and the electronic device 10.

Therefore, the electronic device 10 has good communication characteristics within a range of a large angle (e.g., 50°, 60°, or 70°) with the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, for example, the z direction). For example, when the user performs satellite communication, the antenna 200 has a wide beam characteristic, and the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 has good characteristics within a large angle, which effectively improves the user experience.

At the same time, the first resonance/second resonance is generated by the line DM mode described in the above embodiment. Since the current generated by the line DM mode is mainly generated by the radiator 210, the current is mainly concentrated on the radiator 210, and the current on the floor 300 has little effect on the antenna 200, so it is easy to determine the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200. In one embodiment, both ends of the radiator 210 are open ends, and the radiator 210 can operate in a half-wavelength mode. The electrical length of the radiator 210 is half of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance generated by the radiator 210. Among them, the wavelength corresponding to the resonance can be understood as the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point of the resonance, or the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonance frequency band. It should be understood that the above wavelengths are all vacuum wavelengths. Since there is a certain conversion relationship between the medium wavelength and the vacuum wavelength, the above vacuum wavelength can also be converted to the medium wavelength.

Moreover, for the line CM mode, the transverse mode of the floor can be excited (accounting for more than the longitudinal mode), but the currents corresponding to the transverse modes on the floor will cancel each other out, so the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the line CM mode are low. For the line DM mode, the radiation of the antenna in the line DM mode is mainly generated by the radiator, and the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the line DM mode are better than those of the line CM mode.

In one embodiment, an angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°.

It should be understood that when the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern are offset toward both sides of the top direction (there is a larger angle between the first direction and the second direction), the width of the radiation beam of the antenna 200 can be further widened, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).

In one embodiment, the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 can be used to adjust the current distribution on the radiator 210 and the floor 300 .

In one embodiment, the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, as shown in (a) and (b) in Figure 6.

In one embodiment, the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the radiator 210 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the radiator 210 on the second side of the virtual axis.

In one embodiment, the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is smaller than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, as shown in (c) and (d) in FIG6 .

In one embodiment, the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the radiator 210 on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the radiator 210 on the second side of the virtual axis.

It should be understood that the current on the floor 300 described in the embodiment of the present application can be understood as the current near the edge of the floor 300 close to the radiator/parasitic branch, for example, the current within 30 mm from the edge.

It should be understood that the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, and the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 is deflected toward the second side. When the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 is deflected toward the first side. With a larger angle between the first direction and the second direction, the width of the antenna radiation beam can be further widened, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).

Therefore, the first connection point 211 is coupled to different switch branches through the first switch 241 , so that the current distribution on the floor 300 can be adjusted, thereby deflecting the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 .

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is located on a first side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point 221 is located on a second side of the virtual axis.

In one embodiment, the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be capacitive. The equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232 may both be less than or equal to 2 pF.

It should be understood that when the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 are capacitive, the equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 is smaller than the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232 .

When the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , compared to when the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is weakened, and the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis is strengthened.

When the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , compared to when the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is increased, and the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis is decreased.

In one embodiment, the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be inductive. The equivalent inductance of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch 232 may both be greater than or equal to 5 nH and less than or equal to 100 nH.

It should be understood that when the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 are inductive, the equivalent inductance of the first switch branch 231 is smaller than the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch 232 .

When the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , compared to when the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is weakened, and the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis is strengthened.

When the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , compared to when the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is increased, and the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis is decreased.

In one embodiment, the first switch branch 231 may be capacitive, and the second switch branch 232 may be inductive.

When the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , compared to when the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is weakened, and the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis is strengthened.

When the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , compared to when the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is increased, and the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis is decreased.

It should be understood that for the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the embodiments of the present application, only the example in which the first connection point 211 is located on the first side of the virtual axis and the feeding point 221 is located on the second side of the virtual axis is used for illustration. In actual production or application, the first connection point 211 may also be located on the second side of the virtual axis and the feeding point 221 may also be located on the first side of the virtual axis. Similarly, it can be understood accordingly.

In one embodiment, the radiator 210 may further include a grounding point 222, as shown in FIG7 . The grounding point 222 is located between the first connection point 211 and the feeding point 221 . The radiator 210 is coupled to the floor 300 at the grounding point 222 .

It should be understood that when the radiator 210 is coupled to the floor 300 at the grounding point 222, the first switch branch 231 can be coupled to the first connection point 211, and the radiator 210 is also used to generate a third resonance. The second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211, and the radiator 210 is also used to generate a fourth resonance. The third resonance and the fourth resonance are generated by the line CM mode described in the above embodiment. In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the third resonance or the resonance point of the fourth resonance, the current on the radiator 210 is reversed on both sides of the grounding point 222. In one embodiment, the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance. The resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

Furthermore, since the radiator 210 is coupled to the floor 300 at the grounding point 222, the coupling amount between the floor 300 and the radiator 210 is increased, so that the current difference on the floor 300 is greater when the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211, thereby making the difference between the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern greater (for example, the angle between the maximum radiation directions is increased), which can further widen the width of the radiation beam of the antenna 200, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).

In one embodiment, when the radiator 210 is coupled to the floor 300 at the grounding point 222, both ends of the radiator 210 are open ends, and the radiator 210 can operate in a half wavelength mode. The electrical length of the radiator 210 is half of the second wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point between the two resonant point frequencies generated by the radiator 210. In one embodiment, the second wavelength is greater than the first wavelength.

In one embodiment, the grounding point 222 may be located in the central area of the radiator 210 , where the central area may be understood as an area within 5 mm from the center of the radiator 210 .

It should be understood that by increasing the structural symmetry of the antenna 200 , the antenna 200 can have better communication performance.

In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through a grounding piece at the grounding point 222. The width of the connection between the grounding piece and the frame 11 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

In one embodiment, when the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the first frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is less than the first threshold. When the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the second frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the second resonance and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance is greater than the first threshold. In one embodiment, the first threshold is 300 MHz. In one embodiment, the first threshold is 250 MHz. In one embodiment, the first threshold is 200 MHz. In one embodiment, the first threshold is 150 MHz.

It should be understood that when the radiator 210 is coupled to the floor 300 at the grounding point 222 and the radiator 210 is coupled to different switch branches at the first connection point 211, the third resonance and the fourth resonance can be generated by the line CM mode. The first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 can also be used to adjust the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line CM mode and the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line DM mode.

The second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211, and the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line CM mode and the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line DM mode increases compared to the coupling of the first switch branch 231 to the first connection point 211, the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is weakened, and the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis is strengthened. When the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line CM mode and the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the line DM mode decreases compared to the coupling of the second switch branch 232 to the first connection point 211, the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is strengthened, and the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis is weakened.

In one embodiment, the first frequency difference is smaller than the second frequency difference. The difference between the first frequency difference and the second frequency difference is greater than or equal to 100 MHz.

It should be understood that when the difference between the first frequency difference and the second frequency difference is within the above range, when the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232, the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is more different from the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, thereby making the difference between the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern larger (for example, the angle between the maximum radiation directions increases), which can further widen the width of the radiation beam of the antenna 200. The antenna 200 has a wider beam width, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics in a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).

In one embodiment, the distance between the feed point 221 and the end adjacent to the radiator 210 (e.g., the second position 202) (the length of the radiator 210) is less than or equal to one third of the length of the radiator 210. In one embodiment, the distance between the feed point 221 and the end adjacent to the radiator 210 is less than or equal to 5 mm.

In one embodiment, the distance between the first connection point 211 and the adjacent end of the radiator 210 (e.g., the first position 201) (the length of the radiator 210) is less than or equal to one third of the length of the radiator 210. In one embodiment, the distance between the first connection point 211 and the adjacent end of the radiator 210 is less than or equal to 5 mm.

It should be understood that as the feeding point 221 moves toward one end of the radiator 210, it is beneficial to miniaturize the radiator 210. As the first connection point 211 moves toward one end of the radiator 210, it is beneficial to adjust the current distribution on the floor 300, and a larger current adjustment range can be achieved.

FIG8 to FIG10 are simulation results of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG7. FIG8 is an S parameter of the antenna 200 (the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211). FIG9 is an S parameter of the antenna 200 (the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211). FIG10 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 (the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 are coupled to the first connection point 211).

As shown in Fig. 8, the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211, and the antenna can resonate near 2.3 GHz and near 2.1 GHz. The resonance near 2.3 GHz may correspond to the first resonance in the above embodiment, and the resonance near 2.1 GHz may correspond to the third resonance in the above embodiment.

As shown in Fig. 9, the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211, and the antenna can resonate near 2.2 GHz and near 1.8 GHz. The resonance generated near 2.2 GHz may correspond to the second resonance in the above embodiment, and the resonance generated near 1.8 GHz may correspond to the fourth resonance in the above embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 10 , in the first frequency band (eg, 2170 MHz-2200 MHz), the antennas in which the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211 or the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 both have good radiation efficiency.

Figures 11 to 15 are directional diagrams of the antenna 200 at 2.2 GHz in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 7. Among them, Figure 11 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211). Figure 12 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211). Figure 13 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211). Figure 14 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211). Figure 15 is a directional diagram formed by the superposition of the first directional diagram and the second directional diagram.

It should be understood that in the directional diagram shown in the embodiment of the present application, the vertical axis is the angle Theta (θ) (the angle with the z-axis) with the z-direction (the top direction, the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top), and the horizontal axis is the angle Phi with the x-direction (the extension direction of the first side). (Angle with the x-axis in the xoy plane).

It should be understood that the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, and the antenna 200 can generate the first directional pattern in the above embodiment. The first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, and the antenna 200 can generate the second directional pattern in the above embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 , the gain of the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern generated by the antenna is greater than or equal to 0 dBi within the range where Theta (θ) is less than 25°, and the antenna has good radiation characteristics.

The first switch branch is coupled to the first connection point, and the first directional pattern is only at Phi In the range greater than 90° and less than 270°, the gain is greater than or equal to 0 dBi, as shown in FIG11 .

The first switch branch is coupled to the first connection point, the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis (e.g., the first connection point is located on the first side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point is located on the second side of the virtual axis) is greater than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis, and the first radiation pattern generated by the antenna is deflected toward the second side (e.g., the feeding point side), as shown in Figure 12.

The second switch branch is coupled to the first connection point, and the second directional pattern is only in the range of Phi In the range of greater than 0° and less than 90° and greater than 270° and less than 360°, the gain is greater than or equal to 0 dBi, as shown in FIG13 .

The first switch branch is coupled to the second connection point, the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis (e.g., the first connection point is located on the first side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point is located on the second side of the virtual axis) is smaller than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis, and the first radiation pattern generated by the antenna is deflected toward the first side (e.g., the side of the first connection point), as shown in FIG14.

The first directional pattern and the second directional pattern are superimposed (synthesized), and the antenna has good radiation characteristics within the range of Theta (θ) less than 70°, as shown in FIG15. When the communication satellite moves within this angle range (within 70° of the top direction), it is still located in the area where the antenna in the electronic device 10 has good radiation characteristics, and the communication satellite and the electronic device 10 can still have good communication characteristics.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in FIG16 , the first side 131 or the second side 132 further includes a third position 203, and the second side 132 further includes a fourth position 204. The frame 11 may have an insulating gap at the third position 203, or may be grounded at the third position 203. The frame 11 may have an insulating gap at the fourth position 204, or may be grounded at the fourth position 204.

It should be understood that the first side 131 in the embodiment of the present application may include a side extending in a straight line, and may also include a side extending in an arc line, and the second side 132 may be understood similarly. When the outer contour of the electronic device includes an arc chamfer, the first side 131 may include a portion extending in a straight line and half of the portion extending in an arc line, and the second side 132 may include a portion extending in a straight line and the other half of the portion extending in an arc line. The extension direction of the first side 131 is the direction of the portion extending in a straight line. The extension direction of the second side 132 is the direction of the portion extending in a straight line. The third side 133 in the subsequent embodiments may also be understood accordingly.

The antenna 200 may further include a first parasitic stub 251 , a third switch branch 233 , a fourth switch branch 234 , and a second switch 242 .

The first parasitic branch 251 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204. At least a portion of the first parasitic branch 251 is spaced apart from the floor 300.

The first parasitic branch 251 includes a second connection point 212. The third switch branch 233, the fourth switch branch 234, and the second switch 242 are coupled and connected between the second connection point 212 and the floor 300. The first connection port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the third switch branch 233. The second connection port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234. For ease of understanding, the third switch branch 233 and the fourth switch branch 234 can be regarded as being arranged in parallel.

It should be understood that the difference between the antenna 200 shown in FIG16 and the antenna 200 shown in FIG7 is only the first parasitic stub 251. In the antenna 200 shown in FIG7, the first parasitic stub 251 is not provided. In the antenna 200 shown in FIG16, the conductive portion between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204 serves as the first parasitic stub 251.

It should be understood that the parasitic branch 251 is set, or the parasitic branch 251 is not set, or multiple parasitic branches are set as will be described in subsequent embodiments, the devices set in the first switch branch 231 can be the same or different, the equivalent device values of the first switch branch 231 can be the same or different, and the specific form of the first switch branch 231 can be selected according to the target directional diagram; similarly, one or more parasitic branches can be set, and the specific form of the second switch branch 232 can also be selected according to the target directional diagram.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242, for example, the common port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the first connection port of the second switch 242, the third switch branch 233 is coupled to the second connection point 212, and the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 generates the first directional pattern, which can be considered that the radiator 210 and the first parasitic branch 251 are used to generate the first directional pattern of the antenna 200.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232, and the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242. For example, the common port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the second connection port of the second switch 242, and the fourth switch branch 234 is coupled to the second connection point 212, and the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern, which can be considered that the radiator 210 and the first parasitic branch 251 are used to generate the second directional pattern of the antenna 200.

It should be understood that each of the first switch branch 231, the second switch branch 232, the third switch branch 233 and the fourth switch branch 234 may include one of the following three situations:

1. One or more electronic devices are used to connect the radiator/parasitic branch to the ground through the electronic device at the corresponding connection point;

2. Excluding electronic devices, used to ground the radiator/parasitic branch at the corresponding connection point without any electronic device;

3. It does not include electronic devices and is separated from the floor, and is used to separate the radiator/parasitic branch from the floor at the corresponding connection point;

It should be understood that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 , at least one of the radiator 210 and the first parasitic branch 251, through the corresponding components in the switch branch disposed thereon, enables the antenna 200 to generate a first directional pattern; at least another of the radiator 210 and the first parasitic branch 251, through the corresponding components in the switch branch disposed thereon, enables the antenna 200 to generate a second directional pattern. Therefore, “the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern” can be considered as “the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the first switch branch 231 and the third switch branch 233 are used to generate the first directional pattern of the antenna 200”; and “the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern” can be considered as “the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second switch branch 232 and the fourth switch branch 234 are used to generate the second directional pattern of the antenna 200”. For other embodiments in the present application, corresponding understandings can also be made.

In one embodiment, the fourth switch branch 234 can be used to prevent the first parasitic stub 251 from affecting the second directivity pattern.

In one embodiment, the fourth switch branch 234 may not include electronic components, and the fourth switch branch 234 may directly electrically connect the second connection point 212 to the floor 300. When the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242, and the floor 300 is coupled to the second connection point 212, it may be equivalent to not setting the first parasitic branch 251. In one embodiment, the fourth switch branch 234 may include electronic components, which may make the parasitic resonance generated by the first parasitic branch 251 away from the resonance generated by the radiator 210 (for example, the frequency difference is greater than or equal to 300MHz).

Among them, the first parasitic branch 251 does not affect the second directional pattern in various ways (for example, the second connection point 212 is coupled with the floor 300 branch). It can also be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 is used to generate the second directional pattern together with the radiator 210. This is because when the first parasitic branch 251 is switched to couple other switch branches, the second directional pattern will change accordingly.

It should be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 can be used to make the difference between the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern larger (for example, the angle between the maximum radiation directions increases, for example, the angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 15°), which can further widen the width of the radiation beam of the antenna 200, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics in a wider angle range (angle with the top direction). It should be understood that the difference between the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern mentioned in the present application is larger, which can be understood as the complementarity between the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern is stronger.

It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application (for example, in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 16 ), the antenna 200 is in the same working state as an example for description. The same working state can be understood as the working frequency band of the antenna 200 can include the first frequency band, and the antenna 200 can communicate in the first frequency band when the first switch 241 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232, and the second switch 242 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 or the fourth switch branch 234.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242. When the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, and the first parasitic branch 251 is located on the second side of the virtual axis.

It should be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 can be used to adjust the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the top direction to make the angle larger (the maximum radiation direction is deflected toward the first parasitic branch 251), and the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics within a wider angle range.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is located on the first side of the virtual axis, and the feed point 221 is located on the second side of the virtual axis. The first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, and the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, and one of the following conditions must be met:

1. The first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be capacitive. The equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232 may both be less than or equal to 2 pF. The equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 is less than the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232.

2. The first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be inductive. The equivalent inductance of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch 232 may both be greater than or equal to 5 nH and less than or equal to 100 nH. The equivalent inductance of the first switch branch 231 is less than the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch 232.

3. The first switch branch 231 may be capacitive, and the second switch branch 232 may be inductive.

It should be understood that, for the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the embodiments of the present application, only the first connection point 211 is located on the first side of the virtual axis and the feeding point 221 is located on the second side of the virtual axis for illustration. In actual production or application, the positions of the first connection point 211 and the feeding point 221 can be adjusted. For example, the first connection point 211 is located on the second side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point 221 is located on the first side of the virtual axis. It is only necessary to adjust the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 according to the above rules. When the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis can also be greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242. When the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the radiator 210 and the current on the first parasitic branch 251 are in the same direction (the current path is clockwise or counterclockwise).

In one embodiment, the first parasitic branch 251 can be of any structure, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. In one embodiment, the frame 11 can have an insulating gap at the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and the first parasitic branch 251 can be a dipole-like antenna structure. In one embodiment, the frame 11 can have an insulating gap between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and the first parasitic branch 251 can be an antenna structure composed of multiple branches. For the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the embodiments of the present application, only one end of the first parasitic branch 251 is explained as an open end and the other end is a grounded end. The frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the third position 203 and a third insulating gap is opened at the fourth position 204, as shown in Figure 17.

In one embodiment, the third position 203 is located between the fourth position 204 and the second position 202. The first position 201, the second position 202, the third position 203 and the fourth position 204 are arranged on the frame 11 in sequence.

It should be understood that for the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the embodiments of the present application, only the above-mentioned structure is used as an example for explanation. In actual production or design, the fourth position 204 may also be located between the third position 203 and the second position 202. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this and will not be described one by one.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242, the feeding circuit 220 feeds an electrical signal, the radiator 210 is used to generate a first main resonance, the first parasitic branch 251 is used to generate a first parasitic resonance, and the first main resonance and the first parasitic resonance together form the above-mentioned first resonance (because the frequency difference between the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the first main resonance is small, in the S parameter diagram, the first main resonance and the first parasitic resonance are merged into one resonance). In one embodiment, the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance is located within the resonance frequency band of the first main resonance. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first parasitic resonance and the resonance point frequency of the first main resonance is less than or equal to 100 MHz. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first parasitic resonance and the resonance point frequency of the first main resonance is less than or equal to 50 MHz. In one embodiment, the resonance point frequency of the first parasitic resonance can be less than the resonance point frequency of the first main resonance.

At the same time, in an embodiment of the present application, the coupling between the radiator 210 and the first parasitic branch 251 is weak, and the first parasitic resonance cannot be well excited. Therefore, the pit corresponding to the first parasitic resonance does not appear clearly in the S parameter diagram. However, since the first parasitic resonance is partially excited by current, an obvious pit will appear in the efficiency curve (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency). For example, if an efficiency pit appears at the first frequency point, the first frequency point can be considered to correspond to the resonance point of the above-mentioned first parasitic resonance. In one embodiment, the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency) caused by the pit does not exceed 1.5dB. In one embodiment, the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency) caused by the pit does not exceed 1dB.

In one embodiment, one end of the first parasitic branch 251 is an open end and the other end is a ground end, and the first parasitic branch 251 can work in a quarter wavelength mode. The electrical length of the first parasitic branch 251 is one quarter of the third wavelength, and the third wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the parasitic resonance generated by the first parasitic branch 251. In one embodiment, the third wavelength is greater than the first wavelength.

In one embodiment, the distance between the first parasitic stub 251 and the radiator 210 in the third direction is less than half the length of the second side 132. The third direction is the extension direction of the second side 132, for example, the top direction (z direction).

It should be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 may be located at a side of the midpoint of the second side 132 close to the first side 131 , so that the first parasitic branch 251 may be better excited and the antenna 200 may have better radiation characteristics.

In one embodiment, the conductor portion between the third position 203 and the second position 202 may also serve as a parasitic stub, as shown in FIG. 18 .

It should be understood that the parasitic branch (the parasitic branch formed by the conductor portion between the third position 203 and the second position 202) is used to improve the radiation characteristics (for example, improve efficiency) of the antenna 200. The parasitic branch can also be used to increase the coupling amount between the first parasitic branch 251 and the radiator 210 to better excite the first parasitic branch 251. The parasitic branch can also be used to reduce the voltage of the second switch 242 so that the second switch 242 will not be broken down due to excessive voltage.

For the sake of simplicity, the parts of the antenna 200 shown in Figures 17 and 18 that are similar to the antenna 200 shown in Figure 7 are not repeated one by one. For example, the similar parts include: the position of the radiator 210, the frequency band of satellite communication; the resonance generated by the coupling of the radiator 210 with the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232 at the first connection point 211; the current distribution of the floor 300 coupled with the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232 at the first connection point 211; the value range of the equivalent device of the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232; the position of the feeding point 221; the position of the grounding point 222; the position of the first connection point 211; and the like.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in FIG19 , the frame 11 further includes a third side 133 intersecting the first side 131 at an angle. The first side 131 or the third side 133 further includes a fifth position 205, and the third side 133 further includes a sixth position 206.

The antenna 200 may further include a second parasitic stub 252 , a fifth switch branch 235 , a sixth switch branch 236 , and a third switch 243 .

The second parasitic branch 252 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206. At least a portion of the second parasitic branch 252 is spaced apart from the floor 300.

The second parasitic branch 252 includes a third connection point 213. The fifth switch branch 235, the sixth switch branch 236 and the third switch 243 are coupled and connected between the third connection point 213 and the floor 300. The first connection port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235. The second connection port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236. For ease of understanding, the third switch branch 233 and the fourth switch branch 234 can be regarded as being arranged in parallel.

It should be understood that the difference between the antenna 200 shown in FIG19 and the antenna 200 shown in FIG16 is only the second parasitic branch 252. In the antenna 200 shown in FIG17, the second parasitic branch 252 is not provided, and only the first parasitic branch 251 is included. In the antenna 200 shown in FIG19, both the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 are included.

It should be understood that whether the second parasitic branch 252 is provided or not, the components provided in the first switch branch 231 can be the same or different, the equivalent component values of the first switch branch 231 can be the same or different, and the specific form of the first switch branch 231 can be selected according to the target radiation pattern; similarly, whether the second parasitic branch 252 is provided or not, the specific form of the second switch branch 232, the third switch branch 233, or the fourth switch branch 234 can be selected according to the target radiation pattern. In the antenna 200 shown in FIG19, the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, for example, the common port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the second connection port of the third switch 243. The first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the third switch branch 233 is coupled to the second connection point 212, the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236, and the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern, which can be considered that the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 251, the first switch branch 231, the third switch branch 233 and the sixth switch branch 236 are used to generate the first directional pattern of the antenna 200.

The first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 through the third switch 243, for example, the common port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the first connection port of the third switch 243. The antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern. In one embodiment, the second directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 can be considered as the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 252, the second switch branch 232, the fourth switch branch 234 and the fifth switch branch 235 are used to generate the second directional pattern of the antenna 200.

It should be understood that each of the fifth switch branch 235 and the sixth switch branch 236 may also include one of the following three situations:

1. One or more electronic devices are used to connect the radiator/parasitic branch to the ground through the electronic device at the corresponding connection point;

2. Excluding electronic devices, used to ground the radiator/parasitic branch at the corresponding connection point without any electronic device;

3. It does not include electronic devices and is separated from the floor, and is used to separate the radiator/parasitic branch from the floor at the corresponding connection point;

It should be understood that in the embodiment shown in Figure 19, at least two of the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252, through corresponding devices in the switch branch set thereon, cause the antenna 200 to produce a first radiation pattern; at least another two of the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 (for example, different from the two used to generate the first radiation pattern) through corresponding devices in the switch branch set thereon, cause the antenna 200 to produce a second radiation pattern. Then, “the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern” can be considered as “the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 251, the first switch branch 231, the third switch branch 233 and the sixth switch branch 236 are used to generate the first directional pattern of the antenna 200”; and “the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern” can be considered as “the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 252, the second switch branch 232, the fourth switch branch 234 and the fifth switch branch 235 are used to generate the second directional pattern of the antenna 200”. For other embodiments in the present application, corresponding understanding can also be made.

In one embodiment, the sixth switch branch 236 can be used to prevent the second parasitic stub 252 from affecting the first directional pattern. In one embodiment, the sixth switch branch 236 may not include electronic components, and the sixth switch branch 236 can directly electrically connect the third connection point 213 to the floor 300. The third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the floor 300, which is equivalent to not setting the second parasitic stub 252. In one embodiment, the sixth switch branch 236 may include electronic components, which can make the parasitic resonance generated by the second parasitic stub 252 away from the resonance generated by the radiator 210 (for example, the frequency difference is greater than or equal to 300MHz).

Among them, the second parasitic branch 252 does not affect the first directional pattern in various ways (for example, the third connection point 213 is coupled with the floor 300 branch). It can also be understood that the second parasitic branch 252 is used to generate the second directional pattern together with the radiator 210 and the first parasitic branch 251. This is because when the second parasitic branch 252 is switched to couple other switch branches, the second directional pattern will change accordingly.

In one embodiment, the fourth switch branch 234 can be used to prevent the first parasitic stub 251 from affecting the second directional pattern. In one embodiment, the fourth switch branch 234 may not include electronic components, and the fourth switch branch 234 can directly electrically connect the second connection point 212 to the floor 300. When the first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242, and the floor 300 is coupled to the second connection point 212, it can be equivalent to not setting the first parasitic stub 251. In one embodiment, the fourth switch branch 234 may include electronic components, which can make the parasitic resonance generated by the first parasitic stub 251 away from the resonance generated by the radiator 210 (for example, the frequency difference is greater than or equal to 300MHz).

The first parasitic branch 251 does not affect the second directivity pattern in various ways (for example, the second connection point 212 is coupled with the branch of the floor 300 ). It can also be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 is used to generate the second directivity pattern together with the radiator 210 and the second parasitic branch 252 .

It should be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 can be used to make the difference between the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern larger (for example, the angle between the maximum radiation directions is increased, for example, the angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 20°), which can further widen the width of the radiation beam of the antenna 200, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angles with the top direction).

It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application (for example, in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 19 ), the antenna 200 is in the same working state as an example for description. The same working state can be understood as the working frequency band of the antenna 200 can include the first frequency band, and the antenna 200 can communicate in the first frequency band when the first switch 241 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232, the second switch 242 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 or the fourth switch branch 234, and the third switch 243 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 or the sixth switch branch 236.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243. When the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, the first parasitic branch 251 is located on the second side of the virtual axis, and the second parasitic branch 252 is located on the first side of the virtual axis.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234, the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 via the third switch 243, the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis.

It should be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 can be used to adjust the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first pattern and the top direction to make the angle larger (the maximum radiation direction is deflected toward the first parasitic branch 251). The second parasitic branch 252 can be used to adjust the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the second pattern and the top direction to make the angle larger (the maximum radiation direction is deflected toward the second parasitic branch 252). When the maximum radiation direction of the first pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second pattern are offset toward both sides of the top direction, the bandwidth of the radiation beam can be widened, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics within a wider angle range.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is located on a first side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point 221 is located on a second side of the virtual axis.

The first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, and the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, or the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232, and the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, and one of the following conditions must be met:

1. The first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be capacitive. The equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232 may both be less than or equal to 2 pF. The equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 is less than the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232.

2. The first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be inductive. The equivalent inductance of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch 232 may both be greater than or equal to 5 nH and less than or equal to 100 nH. The equivalent inductance of the first switch branch 231 is less than the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch 232.

3. The first switch branch 231 may be capacitive, and the second switch branch 232 may be inductive.

It should be understood that, for the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the embodiments of the present application, only the first connection point 211 is located on the first side of the virtual axis and the feeding point 221 is located on the second side of the virtual axis for illustration. In actual production or application, the positions of the first connection point 211 and the feeding point 221 can be adjusted. For example, the first connection point 211 is located on the second side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point 221 is located on the first side of the virtual axis. It is only necessary to adjust the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 according to the above rules. When the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis can be greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis. Alternatively, when the first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis can be less than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233, the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, and when the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the radiator 210 and the current on the first parasitic branch 251 are in the same direction (the current path is clockwise or counterclockwise).

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234, the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 via the third switch 243, and when the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the radiator 210 and the current on the second parasitic branch 252 are in the same direction (the current path is clockwise or counterclockwise).

It should be understood that when the current on the radiator 210 is in the same direction as the current on the parasitic branch (the first parasitic branch 251 or the second parasitic branch 252 ), the bandwidth of the radiation beam can be better broadened, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics within a wider angle range.

In one embodiment, the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 can be of any structure, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this. In one embodiment, the frame 11 can have an insulating gap at the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and/or an insulating gap at the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206, and the first parasitic branch 251 and/or the second parasitic branch 252 can be a dipole-like antenna structure. In one embodiment, the frame 11 can have an insulating gap between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and/or an insulating gap between the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206, and the first parasitic branch 251 and/or the second parasitic branch 252 can be an antenna structure composed of multiple branches. For the sake of simplicity in discussion, in the embodiment of the present application, only one end of the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 is an open end and one end is a grounded end for description. The frame 11 is coupled with the floor 300 at the third position 203 and has a third insulating gap at the fourth position 204. The frame 11 is coupled with the floor 300 at the third position 203. The frame 11 has a fourth insulating gap at the sixth position 206, as shown in FIG. 20 .

In one embodiment, the third position 203 is located between the fourth position 204 and the second position 202. The fifth position 205 is located between the sixth position 206 and the first position 201.

It should be understood that for the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the embodiments of the present application, only the above-mentioned structure is used as an example for illustration. In actual production or design, the fourth position 204 may also be located between the third position 203 and the second position 202, and the sixth position 206 may be located between the fifth position 205 and the first position 201. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this and will not be described one by one.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233, the third connection point 213 is coupled with the sixth switch branch 236, the feed circuit 220 feeds an electrical signal, the radiator 210 is used to generate a first main resonance, and the first parasitic branch 251 is used to generate a first parasitic resonance. The first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, the second connection point 212 is coupled with the fourth switch branch 234, the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235, the feed circuit 220 feeds an electrical signal, the radiator 210 is used to generate a second main resonance, and the second parasitic branch 252 is used to generate a second parasitic resonance.

The first main resonance and the first parasitic resonance together form the above-mentioned first resonance, and the second main resonance and the second parasitic resonance together form the above-mentioned second resonance (due to the small frequency difference between the resonance point of the parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the main resonance, in the S parameter diagram, the main resonance and the parasitic resonance are merged into one resonance). In one embodiment, the resonance point of the parasitic resonance is located within the resonance frequency band of the main resonance. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the parasitic resonance and the resonance point frequency of the main resonance is less than or equal to 100 MHz. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the parasitic resonance and the resonance point frequency of the main resonance is less than or equal to 50 MHz. In one embodiment, the resonance point frequency of the parasitic resonance may be less than the resonance point frequency of the main resonance.

At the same time, in an embodiment of the present application, the coupling between the radiator 210 and the parasitic branch (the first parasitic branch 251 or the second parasitic branch 252) is weak, and the parasitic resonance cannot be well excited. Therefore, the pit corresponding to the parasitic resonance does not appear clearly in the S parameter diagram. However, since the parasitic resonance is partially excited by current, an obvious pit will appear in the efficiency curve (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency). For example, if an efficiency pit appears at the first frequency point, the first frequency point can be considered to correspond to the resonance point of the above-mentioned first parasitic resonance or second resonance. In one embodiment, the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency) caused by the pit does not exceed 1.5dB. In one embodiment, the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency) caused by the pit does not exceed 1dB.

In one embodiment, one end of the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 is an open end and the other end is a ground end, and the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 can work in a quarter-wavelength mode. The electrical length of the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 is half of the fourth wavelength, and the fourth wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the parasitic resonance generated by the parasitic branch. In one embodiment, the fourth wavelength is greater than the first wavelength.

In one embodiment, the distance between the first parasitic branch 251 or the second parasitic branch 252 and the radiator 210 in the third direction is less than half of the length of the second side 132 (or the third side 133). The third direction is the extension direction of the second side 132 (or the third side 133), for example, the top direction (z direction).

It should be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 can be located at the midpoint of the second side 132 on the side close to the first side 131, and the second parasitic branch 252 can be located at the midpoint of the third side 133 on the side close to the first side 131, so that the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 can be better excited, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

In one embodiment, the conductor portion between the third position 203 and the second position 202 and/or the conductor portion between the first position 201 and the fifth position 205 may also serve as a parasitic stub, as shown in FIG. 21 .

It should be understood that the parasitic branch (the parasitic branch formed by the conductor portion between the third position 203 and the second position 202 and/or the conductor portion between the first position 201 and the fifth position 205) is used to improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 (for example, to improve efficiency). The parasitic branch can also be used to increase the coupling amount between the first parasitic branch 251 (and/or the second parasitic branch 252) and the radiator 210 to better excite the first parasitic branch 251 (and/or the second parasitic branch 252). The parasitic branch can also be used to reduce the voltage of the second switch 242 (and/or the third switch 243) so that the second switch 242 (and/or the third switch 243) will not be broken down due to excessive voltage.

For the sake of simplicity, the parts of the antenna 200 shown in Figures 19 and 20 that are similar to the antenna 200 shown in Figures 16 and 17 are not repeated one by one. For example, the similar parts include: the position of the radiator 210, the frequency band of satellite communication; the resonance generated by the coupling of the radiator 210 with the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232 at the first connection point 211; the current distribution of the floor 300 coupled with the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232 at the first connection point 211; the value range of the equivalent device of the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232; the position of the feeding point 221; the position of the grounding point 222; the position of the first connection point 211; and the like.

Figures 22 to 24 are simulation results of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 20. Figure 22 is the S parameter of the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233). Figure 23 is the S parameter of the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235). Figure 24 is the simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 (connection points coupled with different switch branches).

As shown in FIG22 , the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233, and the antenna can resonate near 2.3 GHz and near 2.1 GHz. The resonance generated near 2.3 GHz may correspond to the first resonance in the above embodiment, and the resonance generated near 2.1 GHz may correspond to the third resonance in the above embodiment.

As shown in FIG23 , the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235, so that the antenna can resonate near 2.2 GHz and near 1.8 GHz. The resonance near 2.2 GHz may correspond to the second resonance in the above embodiment, and the resonance near 1.8 GHz may correspond to the fourth resonance in the above embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 24 , in the first frequency band (eg, 2170 MHz-2200 MHz), antennas whose connection points are connected to different switch branches all have good radiation efficiency.

Moreover, compared with the case where the first parasitic branch or the second parasitic branch is not provided, the antenna generates a pit near 2.19 GHz, which may correspond to the first parasitic resonance or the second parasitic resonance in the above embodiment, and the radiation efficiency decreases by about 0.4 dB.

Figures 25 to 29 are directional diagrams of the antenna 200 at 2.2 GHz in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 20. Figure 25 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233). Figure 26 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233). Figure 27 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235). Figure 28 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235). Figure 29 is a directional diagram formed by superimposing the first directional diagram and the second directional diagram.

It should be understood that the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233, and the antenna 200 can generate the first directional pattern in the above embodiment. The first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235, and the antenna 200 can generate the second directional pattern in the above embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 25 and FIG. 27 , the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern generated by the antenna have a gain greater than or equal to 0 dBi within the range of Theta (θ) less than 25°, and the antenna has good radiation characteristics.

The first connection point is coupled to the first switch branch, and the second connection point is coupled to the third switch branch. In the range of Theta (θ) greater than 25° and less than 70°, the first directional pattern is only in Phi In the range greater than 75° and less than 280°, the gain is greater than or equal to 0dBi, as shown in Figure 25.

The first connection point is coupled to the first switch branch, the second connection point is coupled to the third switch branch, and the radiator, the first parasitic branch, and the second parasitic branch are used to generate a first radiation pattern of the antenna. The first parasitic branch can be used to adjust the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the top direction to make the angle larger (the maximum radiation direction is deflected toward the first parasitic branch), as shown in FIG26.

The first connection point is coupled to the second switch branch, the third connection point is coupled to the fifth switch branch, and within the range of Theta (θ) greater than 25° and less than 70°, the second directional pattern is only at Phi In the range of greater than 0° and less than 120° and greater than 240° and less than 360°, the gain is greater than or equal to 0dBi, as shown in FIG27 .

The first connection point is coupled with the second switch branch, the third connection point is coupled with the fifth switch branch, and the radiator, the first parasitic branch, and the second parasitic branch are used to generate the second radiation pattern of the antenna. The second parasitic branch can be used to adjust the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern and the top direction to make the angle larger (the maximum radiation direction is deflected toward the second parasitic branch), as shown in FIG28.

The first directional pattern and the second directional pattern are superimposed (synthesized), and the antenna has good radiation characteristics within the range of Theta (θ) less than 70°, as shown in Figure 29. When the communication satellite moves within this angle range (within 70° of the top direction), it is still located in the area where the antenna in the electronic device 10 has good radiation characteristics, and the electronic device 10 and the communication satellite can still have good communication characteristics.

FIG30 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in FIG. 30 , the electronic device 10 includes a frame 11 , an antenna 200 , and a floor 300 .

At least part of the frame 11 is spaced from the floor 300. The frame 11 includes a first side 131, and a second side 132 and a third side 133 that intersect the first side 131 at an angle. The length of the first side 131 is less than the length of the second side 132, and less than the length of the third side 133.

The first side 131 includes a first position 201 and a second position 202. The first side 131 or the second side 132 also includes a third position 203. The second side 132 includes a fourth position 204. The first side 131 or the third side 133 also includes a fifth position 205. The third side 133 includes a sixth position 206. The frame 11 has a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap in the first position 201 and the second position 202.

The antenna 200 includes a radiator 210 , a feeding circuit 220 , a first parasitic stub 251 , a second parasitic stub 252 , a third switch branch 233 , a fourth switch branch 234 , a fifth switch branch 235 , a sixth switch branch 236 , a second switch 242 , and a third switch 243 .

The radiator 210 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the first position 201 and the second position 202. At least a portion of the radiator 210 is spaced apart from the floor 300.

The first parasitic branch 251 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204. The second parasitic branch 252 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206. At least a portion of the first parasitic branch 251 is spaced apart from the floor 300. At least a portion of the second parasitic branch 252 is spaced apart from the floor 300.

The radiator 210 includes a feeding point 221 , and the feeding circuit 220 is coupled to the feeding point 221 to feed an electrical signal into the antenna 200 .

The first parasitic branch 251 includes a second connection point 212. The third switch branch 233, the fourth switch branch 234, and the second switch 242 are coupled and connected between the second connection point 212 and the floor 300. The first connection port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the third switch branch 233. The second connection port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234. For ease of understanding, the third switch branch 233 and the fourth switch branch 234 can be regarded as being arranged in parallel.

The second parasitic branch 252 includes a third connection point 213. The fifth switch branch 235, the sixth switch branch 236 and the third switch 243 are coupled and connected between the third connection point 213 and the floor 300. The first connection port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235. The second connection port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236. For ease of understanding, the third switch branch 233 and the fourth switch branch 234 can be regarded as being arranged in parallel.

When the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242, the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, for example, the common port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the first connection port of the second switch 242, and the common port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the second connection port of the third switch 243. The radiator 210 is used to generate a first resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the first resonance includes a first frequency band, which is at least a part of the satellite communication frequency band.

In one embodiment, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, and the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern, which can be considered that the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, and the second parasitic branch 252 are used to generate the first directional pattern of the antenna 200.

The second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 through the third switch 243. For example, the common port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the second connection port of the second switch 242, and the common port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the first connection port of the third switch 243. The radiator 210 is used to generate a second resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance includes the first frequency band.

It should be understood that when the electronic device 10 communicates with a communication satellite via the antenna 200, the operating frequency band of the antenna 200 may include a transmitting frequency band and a receiving frequency band in the satellite communication frequency band. In one embodiment, the feed circuit 220 is used to transmit a radio frequency signal of a first frequency band and a radio frequency signal of a second frequency band.

In one embodiment, at a first time/time period, the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance in the above embodiment include a first frequency band, and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band.

In one embodiment, at the first time/time period, the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance in the above embodiment include a second frequency band, and the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band.

In one embodiment, the first frequency band may be at least a portion of a frequency band within a range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 operates in the Tiantong satellite system, and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1980 MHz-2010 MHz) therein. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 operates in the Beidou satellite system, and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1610 MHz-1626.5 MHz) therein. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 operates in a low-orbit satellite system (e.g., StarNet), and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1668 MHz-1675 MHz) therein.

In one embodiment, the second frequency band may be at least a portion of a frequency band within a range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 operates in the Tiantong satellite system, and the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (2170 MHz-2200 MHz) therein. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 operates in the Beidou satellite system, and the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (2483.5 MHz-2500 MHz) therein. In one embodiment, the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (1518 MHz-1525 MHz) therein.

In one embodiment, the antenna 200 may further include a tuning circuit. The tuning circuit is coupled to the radiator 210 and is used to adjust the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the radiator 210, so that the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance include the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the antenna 200 can operate in the first frequency band and the second frequency band in different time slots. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit may include other switch branches coupled to the first connection point through the first switch 241. The switch branch is used to adjust the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the radiator 210, so that the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance include the first frequency band or the second frequency band. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit may include a first switch branch 231 and a second switch branch 232, and the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may be used to make the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance generated by the radiator 210 include the first frequency band. Other switch branches may be used to make the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance generated by the radiator 210 include the second frequency band. For the sake of simplicity, in the embodiments of the present application, only an example of an antenna operating in a single frequency band is used for illustration.

In one embodiment, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 through the third switch 243, and the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern. In one embodiment, the second directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 can be considered as the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, and the second parasitic branch 252 are used to generate the second directional pattern of the antenna 200.

It should be understood that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 30 , at least one of the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 enables the antenna 200 to generate a first directional pattern through corresponding devices in the switch branch disposed thereon; at least another of the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 enables the antenna 200 to generate a second directional pattern through corresponding devices in the switch branch disposed thereon. Then, “the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern” can be considered as “the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 252, the third switch branch 233 and the sixth switch branch 236 are used to generate the first directional pattern of the antenna 200”; and “the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern” can be considered as “the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 252, the fourth switch branch 234 and the fifth switch branch 235 are used to generate the second directional pattern of the antenna 200”. For other embodiments in the present application, corresponding understanding can also be made.

In one embodiment, the sixth switch branch 236 can be used to prevent the second parasitic stub 252 from affecting the first directional pattern. In one embodiment, the sixth switch branch 236 may not include electronic components, and the sixth switch branch 236 can directly electrically connect the third connection point 213 to the floor 300. The third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the floor 300, which is equivalent to not setting the second parasitic stub 252. In one embodiment, the sixth switch branch 236 may include electronic components, which can make the parasitic resonance generated by the second parasitic stub 252 away from the resonance generated by the radiator 210 (for example, the frequency difference is greater than or equal to 300MHz).

Among them, the second parasitic branch 252 does not affect the first directivity pattern in various ways (for example, the third connection point 213 is coupled with the branch of the floor 300). It can also be understood that the second parasitic branch 252 is used to generate the second directivity pattern together with the radiator 210 and the first parasitic branch 251.

In one embodiment, the fourth switch branch 234 can be used to prevent the first parasitic stub 251 from affecting the second directional pattern. In one embodiment, the fourth switch branch 234 may not include electronic components, and the fourth switch branch 234 can directly electrically connect the second connection point 212 to the floor 300. When the first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242, and the floor 300 is coupled to the second connection point 212, it can be equivalent to not setting the first parasitic stub 251. In one embodiment, the fourth switch branch 234 may include electronic components, which can make the parasitic resonance generated by the first parasitic stub 251 away from the resonance generated by the radiator 210 (for example, the frequency difference is greater than or equal to 300MHz).

The first parasitic branch 251 does not affect the second directivity pattern in various ways (for example, the second connection point 212 is coupled with the branch of the floor 300 ). It can also be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 is used to generate the second directivity pattern together with the radiator 210 and the second parasitic branch 252 .

In one embodiment, the maximum radiator direction of the first directional pattern is a first direction, the maximum radiator direction of the second directional pattern is a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different.

It should be understood that in the first switch state, compared with not setting the first parasitic branch 251 (for example, the second connection point 212 is coupled with the sixth switch), the first direction is deflected toward the side where the first parasitic branch 251 is located. In the second open state, compared with setting the second parasitic branch 252 (for example, the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fourth switch branch), the second direction is deflected toward the side where the second parasitic branch 252 is located. Through the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252, the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 in the first switch state and the second switch state can be deflected to the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, for example, the z direction) on both sides (the side where the first parasitic branch 251 is located and the side where the second parasitic branch 252 is located), and the antenna 200 can switch the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 according to the communication status (for example, including the relative position) between the communication satellite and the electronic device 10, so as to switch the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200, and ensure the communication quality with the communication satellite.

Therefore, the electronic device 10 has good communication characteristics within a range of a large angle (e.g., 50°, 60°, or 70°) with the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, for example, the z direction). For example, when the user performs satellite communication, the antenna 200 has a wide beam characteristic, and the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 has good characteristics within a large angle, which effectively improves the user experience.

It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application (for example, in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 30 ), the antenna 200 is in the same working state as an example for description. The same working state can be understood as the working frequency band of the antenna 200 can include the first frequency band, and the antenna 200 can communicate in the first frequency band when the second switch 242 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 or the fourth switch branch 234, and the third switch 243 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 or the sixth switch branch 236.

It should be understood that the antenna 200 shown in Fig. 30 differs from the antenna 200 shown in Fig. 19 only in the first switch branch 231, the second switch branch 232 and the first switch 241. In the antenna 200 shown in Fig. 16, the first switch branch 231, the second switch branch 232 and the first switch 241 are not provided.

It should be understood that whether switches and switch branches are set on the radiator 210, or whether switches and switch branches are not set on the radiator 210, the devices set in the third switch branch 233 set on the first parasitic branch 251 can be the same or different, the equivalent device values of the third switch branch 233 can be the same or different, and the specific form of the third switch branch 233 can be selected according to the target radiation pattern; similarly, whether switches and switch branches are set on the radiator 210, the specific form of the fourth switch branch 234 set on the first parasitic branch 251, the fifth switch branch 235 set on the second parasitic branch 252, or the sixth switch branch 236 set on the second parasitic branch 252 can be selected according to the target radiation pattern.

In the antenna 200 shown in Figure 19, the first switch 241 is used to switch the switch branch coupled to the first connection point 211 in different switching states, adjust the current distribution on the floor 300 on both sides of the virtual axis, and deflect the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 in different switching states.

Meanwhile, in the antenna 200 shown in FIG19 , in different switch states, the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 and the top direction can be further adjusted by the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252, so that the angle is further increased. Through the above two methods, the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a range of a larger angle with the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, for example, the z direction).

In the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 30 , the first switch branch 231, the second switch branch 232 and the first switch 241 are not provided, and only the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 are used to adjust the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 in different switching states, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a range of a larger angle with the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, for example, the z direction).

In one embodiment, the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 can be of any structure, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this. In one embodiment, the frame 11 can have an insulating gap at the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and/or an insulating gap at the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206, and the first parasitic branch 251 and/or the second parasitic branch 252 can be a dipole-like antenna structure. In one embodiment, the frame 11 can have an insulating gap between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and/or an insulating gap between the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206, and the first parasitic branch 251 and/or the second parasitic branch 252 can be an antenna structure composed of multiple branches. For the sake of simplicity in discussion, in the embodiment of the present application, only one end of the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 is an open end and one end is a grounded end for description. The frame 11 is coupled with the floor 300 at the third position 203 and has a third insulating gap at the fourth position 204. The frame 11 is coupled with the floor 300 at the third position 203. The frame 11 has a fourth insulating gap at the sixth position 206, as shown in FIG. 31 .

In one embodiment, an angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°.

It should be understood that when the first radiation pattern, the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern are offset toward both sides of the top direction (there is a larger angle between the first direction and the second direction), the width of the radiation beam of the antenna 200 can be further widened, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).

In one embodiment, the radiator 210 may not include a ground point.

It should be understood that the first resonance/second resonance is generated by the line DM mode described in the above embodiment. Since the current generated by the line DM mode is mainly generated by the radiator 210, the current is mainly concentrated on the radiator 210, and multiple current modes are not generated on the floor 300, it is easy to determine the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200. At the same time, for the line DM mode, the radiation of the antenna in the line DM mode is mainly generated by the radiator, and the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the line DM mode are better than those of the line CM mode.

In one embodiment, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, and when the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the radiator 210 and the current on the first parasitic branch 251 are in the same direction (the current path is clockwise or counterclockwise).

In one embodiment, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 through the third switch 243, and when the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the radiator 210 and the current on the second parasitic branch 252 are in the same direction (the current path is clockwise or counterclockwise).

It should be understood that when the current on the radiator 210 is in the same direction as the current on the parasitic branch (the first parasitic branch 251 or the second parasitic branch 252 ), the bandwidth of the radiation beam can be better broadened, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics within a wider angle range.

In one embodiment, the third position 203 is located between the fourth position 204 and the second position 202. The fifth position 205 is located between the sixth position 206 and the first position 201.

It should be understood that for the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the embodiments of the present application, only the above-mentioned structure is used as an example for illustration. In actual production or design, the fourth position 204 may also be located between the third position 203 and the second position 202, and the sixth position 206 may be located between the fifth position 205 and the first position 201. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this and will not be described one by one.

In one embodiment, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242, the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, the feed circuit 220 feeds an electrical signal, the radiator 210 is used to generate a first main resonance, and the first parasitic branch 251 is used to generate a first parasitic resonance. The second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242, the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 through the third switch 243, the feed circuit 220 feeds an electrical signal, the radiator 210 is used to generate a second main resonance, and the second parasitic branch 252 is used to generate a second parasitic resonance.

The first main resonance and the first parasitic resonance together form the above-mentioned first resonance, and the second main resonance and the second parasitic resonance together form the above-mentioned second resonance (due to the small frequency difference between the resonance point of the parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the main resonance, in the S parameter diagram, the main resonance and the parasitic resonance are merged into one resonance). In one embodiment, the resonance point of the parasitic resonance is located within the resonance frequency band of the main resonance. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the parasitic resonance and the resonance point frequency of the main resonance is less than or equal to 100 MHz. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the parasitic resonance and the resonance point frequency of the main resonance is less than or equal to 50 MHz. In one embodiment, the resonance point frequency of the parasitic resonance may be less than the resonance point frequency of the main resonance.

At the same time, in an embodiment of the present application, the coupling between the radiator 210 and the parasitic branch (the first parasitic branch 251 or the second parasitic branch 252) is weak, and the parasitic resonance cannot be well excited. Therefore, the pit corresponding to the parasitic resonance does not appear clearly in the S parameter diagram. However, since the parasitic resonance is partially excited by current, an obvious pit will appear in the efficiency curve (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency). For example, if an efficiency pit appears at the first frequency point, the first frequency point can be considered to correspond to the resonance point of the above-mentioned first parasitic resonance or second resonance. In one embodiment, the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency) caused by the pit does not exceed 1.5dB. In one embodiment, the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency) caused by the pit does not exceed 1dB.

In one embodiment, the resonance point frequency of the first resonance (first main resonance) and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance (second main resonance) are substantially the same. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency (first main resonance) and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance (second main resonance) is less than or equal to 50 MHz.

In one embodiment, the distance between the first parasitic branch 251 or the second parasitic branch 252 and the radiator 210 in the third direction is less than half of the length of the second side 132 (or the third side 133). The third direction is the extension direction of the second side 132 (or the third side 133), for example, the top direction (z direction).

It should be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 can be located at the midpoint of the second side 132 on the side close to the first side 131, and the second parasitic branch 252 can be located at the midpoint of the third side 133 on the side close to the first side 131, so that the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 can be better excited, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

In one embodiment, the conductor portion between the third position 203 and the second position 202 and/or the conductor portion between the first position 201 and the fifth position 205 may also serve as parasitic stubs, as shown in FIG. 32 .

It should be understood that the parasitic branch (the parasitic branch formed by the conductor portion between the third position 203 and the second position 202 and/or the conductor portion between the first position 201 and the fifth position 205) is used to improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 (for example, to improve efficiency). The parasitic branch can also be used to increase the coupling amount between the first parasitic branch 251 (and/or the second parasitic branch 252) and the radiator 210 to better excite the first parasitic branch 251 (and/or the second parasitic branch 252). The parasitic branch can also be used to reduce the voltage of the second switch 242 (and/or the third switch 243) so that the second switch 242 (and/or the third switch 243) will not be broken down due to excessive voltage.

Figures 33 to 35 are simulation results of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 31. Figure 33 is the S parameter of the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the sixth switch branch 236). Figure 34 is the S parameter of the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled with the fourth switch branch 234, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235). Figure 35 is the simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 (connection points coupled with different switch branches).

As shown in FIG33 , the second connection point is coupled to the third switch branch through the second switch, and the third connection point is coupled to the sixth switch branch through the third switch, and the antenna can resonate near 2.2 GHz. The resonance generated near 2.2 GHz may correspond to the first resonance in the above embodiment.

As shown in FIG34 , the second connection point is coupled to the fourth switch branch through the second switch, and the third connection point is coupled to the fifth switch branch through the third switch, and the antenna can resonate near 2.2 GHz. The resonance generated near 2.2 GHz may correspond to the second resonance in the above embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 33 and FIG. 34 , the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance are substantially the same.

As shown in FIG. 35 , in the first frequency band (eg, 2170 MHz-2200 MHz), antennas whose connection points are connected to different switch branches all have good radiation efficiency.

Furthermore, in the first switching state and the second switching state, the antenna generates a pit near 2.1 GHz, which may correspond to the first parasitic resonance or the second parasitic resonance in the above embodiment, and the radiation efficiency decreases by about 0.5 dB.

Figures 36 to 38 are directional diagrams of the antenna 200 at 2.2 GHz in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 31. Figure 36 is a directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the sixth switch branch 236). Figure 37 is a directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled with the fourth switch branch 234, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235). Figure 38 is a directional diagram formed by superimposing the first directional diagram and the second directional diagram.

It should be understood that the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the sixth switch branch 236, and the antenna 200 can generate the first directional pattern in the above embodiment. The second connection point 212 is coupled with the fourth switch branch 234, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235, and the antenna 200 can generate the second directional pattern in the above embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 36 and FIG. 37 , the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern generated by the antenna have a gain greater than or equal to 0 dBi within the range of Theta (θ) less than 40°, and the antenna has good radiation characteristics.

In the range of Theta (θ) greater than 40° and less than 70°, the first directional pattern is only In the range greater than 90° and less than 270°, the gain is greater than or equal to 0dBi, as shown in Figure 36.

In the range of Theta (θ) greater than 40° and less than 70°, the second directional pattern is only In the range of greater than 0° and less than 90° and greater than 270° and less than 360°, the gain is greater than or equal to 0dBi, as shown in Figure 37.

The first directional pattern and the second directional pattern are superimposed (synthesized), and the antenna has good radiation characteristics within the range of Theta (θ) less than 70°, as shown in FIG38. When the communication satellite moves within this angle range (within 70° of the top direction), it is still located in the area where the antenna in the electronic device 10 has good radiation characteristics, and the electronic device 10 and the communication satellite can still have good communication characteristics.

The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (30)

An electronic device, comprising: floor; A frame, the frame comprising a first position and a second position, the frame having a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position and the second position; An antenna, comprising: a radiator, the radiator comprising a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, at least a portion of the radiator being spaced from the floor; A feeding circuit, the radiator comprising a feeding point, the feeding circuit being coupled to the feeding point; A first switch branch, a second switch branch and a first switch, the radiator includes a first connection point, the first switch branch, the second switch branch and the first switch are coupled and connected between the first connection point and the floor, a first connection port of the first switch is coupled to the first switch branch, and a second connection port of the first switch is coupled to the second switch branch; The frame includes a first side and a second side that intersect at an angle, the first position and the second position are located on the first side, and the length of the first side is less than the length of the second side; The feeding point and the first connection point are respectively located on two sides of a virtual axis of the radiator, and the lengths of the radiators on both sides of the virtual axis are the same; Based on the coupling of the first connection point and the first switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a first resonance; Based on the coupling of the first connection point and the second switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a second resonance; The resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance include a first frequency band, and the first frequency band is a transmission frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band, or; The resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance include a second frequency band, and the second frequency band is a receiving frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the coupling between the first connection point and the first switch branch, the antenna is used to generate a first directional pattern, and the maximum radiation direction of the first directional pattern is a first direction; Based on the coupling between the first connection point and the second switch branch, the antenna is used to generate a second radiation pattern, the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that an angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: When the first switch branch and the second switch branch are capacitive, an equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch is smaller than an equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch, or, When the first switch branch and the second switch branch are inductive, the equivalent inductance of the first switch branch is smaller than the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch, or, The first switch branch is capacitive, and the second switch branch is inductive. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first connection point is located on a first side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point is located on a second side of the virtual axis; Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis; Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, a current on a floor on a first side of the virtual axis is smaller than a current on a floor on a second side of the virtual axis. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The radiator includes a ground point coupled to the floor, the ground point being located between the feed point and the first connection point. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that Based on the coupling between the first connection point and the first switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a third resonance, and there is a first frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance; Based on the coupling between the first connection point and the second switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a fourth resonance, and there is a second frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the second resonance and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance, and the second frequency difference is greater than the first frequency difference. The electronic device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: Based on the coupling between the first connection point and the first switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a third resonance, and there is a first frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance; Based on the coupling between the first connection point and the second switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a fourth resonance, and there is a second frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the second resonance and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance, and the difference between the second frequency difference and the first frequency difference is greater than or equal to 100 MHz. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first side or the second side includes a third position, the second side includes a fourth position, the frame is coupled with the floor or has an insulating gap at the third position, and is coupled with the floor or has an insulating gap at the fourth position; The antenna also includes: A parasitic branch, the parasitic branch comprising a conductive portion of the frame between the third position and the fourth position, at least a portion of the parasitic branch being spaced apart from the floor; A third switch branch, a fourth switch branch and a second switch, the parasitic branch includes a second connection point, the third switch branch and the second switch are coupled and connected between the second connection point and the floor, a first connection port of the second switch is coupled to the third switch branch, and a second connection port of the second switch is coupled to the fourth switch branch; Wherein, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the antenna is used to generate a first directional pattern, and the maximum radiation direction of the first directional pattern is a first direction; Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the antenna is used to generate a second radiation pattern, the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that The frame is coupled to the floor at the third position, and the frame defines a third insulating gap at the fourth position. The electronic device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The third position is located between the fourth position and the second position. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis, and the parasitic branch is located on the second side of the virtual axis; Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis, and the parasitic branch is located on the second side of the virtual axis. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that: Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the currents on the radiator and the parasitic branch are in the same direction. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that: Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the radiator is used to generate a main resonance, the parasitic branch is used to generate a parasitic resonance, the parasitic resonance is located within the resonance frequency band of the main resonance, and the main resonance and the parasitic resonance together form the first resonance. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that: Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the antenna generates an efficiency pit at a first frequency point, and the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the first frequency point frequency is less than or equal to 100 MHz. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the first frequency band is in the range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz, or the second frequency band is in the range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the feeding circuit is used to transmit the radio frequency signal in the first frequency band and the radio frequency signal in the second frequency band. An electronic device, comprising: floor; A frame, the frame comprising a first side, and a second side and a third side intersecting the first side at an angle, the length of the first side being smaller than the length of the second side and the length of the third side, The first side includes a first position and a second position, and the frame is provided with a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position and the second position; The first side or the second side includes a third position, the second side includes a fourth position, the first side or the third side includes a fifth position, the third side includes a sixth position, the frame is coupled with the floor or has an insulating gap at the third position, is coupled with the floor or has an insulating gap at the fourth position, is coupled with the floor or has an insulating gap at the fifth position, and is coupled with the floor or has an insulating gap at the sixth position; An antenna, comprising: a radiator, a first parasitic branch, and a second parasitic branch, wherein the radiator includes a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, the first parasitic branch includes a conductive portion of the frame between the third position and the fourth position, the second parasitic branch includes a conductive portion of the frame between the fifth position and the sixth position, and at least a portion of the radiator, at least a portion of the first parasitic branch, and at least a portion of the second parasitic branch are spaced from the floor; A feeding circuit, the radiator comprising a feeding point, the feeding circuit being coupled to the feeding point; A first switch branch, a second switch branch and a first switch, the first parasitic branch includes a first connection point, the first switch branch and the first switch are coupled and connected between the first connection point and the floor, a first connection port of the first switch is coupled to the first switch branch, and a second connection port of the first switch is coupled to the second switch branch; a third switch branch, a fourth switch branch, and a second switch, the second parasitic branch includes a second connection point, the second switch branch and the second switch are coupled and connected between the second connection point and the floor, a first connection port of the second switch is coupled to the second switch branch, and a second connection port of the second switch is coupled to the fourth switch branch; Wherein, based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the radiator is used to generate a first resonance; Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the radiator is used to generate a second resonance; The resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance include a first frequency band, and the first frequency band is a transmission frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band, or; The resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance include the second frequency band, and the second frequency band is a receiving frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band. The electronic device according to claim 18, characterized in that Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the antenna is used to generate a first directional pattern, and the maximum radiator direction of the first directional pattern is a first direction; Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the antenna is used to generate a second radiation pattern, the maximum radiator direction of the second radiation pattern is a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different. The electronic device according to claim 19, characterized in that an angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°. The electronic device according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that: Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the current on the radiator and the current on the first parasitic branch are in the same direction; Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the current on the radiator and the current on the second parasitic branch have the same direction. The electronic device according to any one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that: The frame has a first insulating gap, a second insulating gap, a third insulating gap and a fourth insulating gap at the first position, the second position, the fourth position and the sixth position, respectively, and the frame is coupled with the floor at the third position and the fifth position. The electronic device according to claim 22, characterized in that The third position is located between the fourth position and the second position, and the fifth position is located between the sixth position and the first position. The electronic device according to any one of claims 18 to 23, characterized in that: The antenna further comprises: a fifth switch branch, a sixth switch branch and a third switch; The radiator includes a third connection point, the fifth switch branch, the sixth switch branch and the third switch are coupled and connected between the third connection point and the floor, the first connection port of the third switch is coupled with the fifth switch branch, and the second connection port of the third switch is coupled with the sixth switch branch; The feeding point and the third connection point are respectively located on two sides of a virtual axis of the radiator, and the lengths of the radiators on both sides of the virtual axis are the same; Based on the first connection point being coupled to the first switch branch, the second connection point being coupled to the fourth branch, and the third connection point being coupled to the fifth switch branch, the radiator is used to generate the first resonance; Based on the first connection point being coupled with the second switch branch, the second connection point being coupled with the third branch, and the third connection point being coupled with the sixth switch branch, the radiator is configured to generate the second resonance. The electronic device according to claim 24, characterized in that When the fifth switch branch and the sixth switch branch are capacitive, the equivalent capacitance value of the fifth switch branch is smaller than the equivalent capacitance value of the sixth switch branch, or, When the fifth switch branch and the sixth switch branch are inductive, the equivalent inductance of the fifth switch branch is smaller than the equivalent inductance of the sixth switch branch, or, The fifth switch branch may be capacitive, and the sixth switch branch may be inductive. The electronic device according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that: The third connection point is located on a first side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point is located on a second side of the virtual axis; Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, and the coupling of the third connection point with the fifth switch branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis, the first parasitic branch is located on the second side of the virtual axis, and the second parasitic branch is located on the first side of the virtual axis; Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, and the coupling of the third connection point with the sixth switch branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is smaller than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis. The electronic device according to any one of claims 18 to 26, characterized in that: Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the radiator is used to generate a first main resonance, the first parasitic branch is used to generate a first parasitic resonance, the first parasitic resonance is located within the resonance frequency band of the first main resonance, and the first main resonance and the first parasitic resonance jointly form the first resonance; Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the radiator is used to generate a second main resonance, the second parasitic branch is used to generate a second parasitic resonance, the second parasitic resonance is located within the resonance frequency band of the second main resonance, and the second main resonance and the second parasitic resonance jointly form the second resonance. The electronic device according to any one of claims 18 to 27, characterized in that: Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the fourth branch, the antenna generates an efficiency pit at a first frequency point, and a frequency difference between a resonance point frequency of the first resonance and a frequency of the first frequency point is less than or equal to 100 MHz; Based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch and the coupling of the second connection point with the third branch, the antenna produces an efficiency pit at the second frequency point, and the frequency difference between the resonant point frequency of the second resonance and the second frequency point frequency is less than or equal to 100 MHz. The electronic device according to any one of claims 18 to 28, characterized in that the first frequency band is in the range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz, or the second frequency band is in the range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz. The electronic device according to any one of claims 18 to 29, characterized in that the feeding circuit is used to transmit the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band and the radio frequency signal of the second frequency band.