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WO2025052048A1 - Cellular battery assembly of simplified architecture facilitating replacement of internal elements, for a system - Google Patents

Cellular battery assembly of simplified architecture facilitating replacement of internal elements, for a system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025052048A1
WO2025052048A1 PCT/FR2024/050984 FR2024050984W WO2025052048A1 WO 2025052048 A1 WO2025052048 A1 WO 2025052048A1 FR 2024050984 W FR2024050984 W FR 2024050984W WO 2025052048 A1 WO2025052048 A1 WO 2025052048A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery assembly
screws
module
modules
cooling device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2024/050984
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Francis Roy
Marc BOULAY
Joseph Koenig
Alexandre Narbonne
Claude Marchand
Denis LABROUSSE
Original Assignee
Stellantis Auto Sas
Centralesupelec
Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique
Conservatoire National Des Arts Et Metiers
Cy Cergy Paris Universite
Saft
Sorbonne Universite
Universite Paris-Saclay
École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stellantis Auto Sas, Centralesupelec, Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique, Conservatoire National Des Arts Et Metiers, Cy Cergy Paris Universite, Saft, Sorbonne Universite, Universite Paris-Saclay, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay filed Critical Stellantis Auto Sas
Publication of WO2025052048A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025052048A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/298—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the wiring of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/505—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising a single busbar
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H01M50/517—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by fixing means, e.g. screws, rivets or bolts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0472—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0488—Removal or replacement of the energy storages with arrangements for pivoting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • TITLE CELLULAR BATTERY ASSEMBLY WITH SIMPLIFIED ARCHITECTURE FACILITATING THE REPLACEMENT OF INTERNAL ELEMENTS, FOR A SYSTEM
  • the invention relates to cellular battery assemblies (or “packs”) which are suitable for equipping systems, and more precisely to the architectures of such assemblies (or packs).
  • Certain systems such as for example certain vehicles (possibly of the automobile or railway type or even all-terrain (or “off road”)) or certain mobile machines (or devices) (possibly lifting), comprise at least one set (or pack) of cellular batteries comprising at least three modules each comprising at least two electrical energy storage cells.
  • the term “electrical energy storage cell” means a rechargeable and possibly electrochemical cell (for example of the lithium-ion (or Li-ion) or Ni-Mh or Ni-Cd type).
  • the (cellular) modules are fixedly secured by first screws to crosspieces which separate them and under which a cooling device is installed (such as for example plates between which a cooling circuit is defined in which a refrigerant fluid circulates), placed above a protective plate.
  • a cooling device such as for example plates between which a cooling circuit is defined in which a refrigerant fluid circulates
  • the electrical architectures of the aforementioned systems, and in particular of vehicles comprise a set of electronic power boxes making it possible to adapt the direct current/voltage pair delivered by the cellular battery to the specificities of the electrical power components of the system and to the on-board network of the latter, as well as possibly ensuring compatibility with an electrical network external to the system.
  • the cellular battery in a vehicle when the cellular battery is of the 450 V type, it delivers to its terminals a direct voltage of between approximately 260 V and 450 V depending on its state of charge.
  • the cellular battery When the vehicle is stationary, the cellular battery is isolated from the so-called "power" electrical network of the vehicle by opening the relay.
  • the cellular battery assembly or pack
  • the invention therefore aims in particular to improve the situation.
  • a set of cellular batteries suitable for equipping a system and comprising at least three modules each comprising at least two electrical energy storage cells, and fixedly secured by first screws to crosspieces separating them and under which is installed a cooling device placed above a protective plate.
  • each module has two opposite ends, each equipped with:
  • connection terminals respectively connected to corresponding connection terminals of neighboring modules via inter-module conductive lines fixedly secured by second screws, and
  • the battery assembly according to the invention may include other characteristics which may be taken separately or in combination, and in particular: [0015]- it may comprise a structure to which the cooling device is fixedly secured by third screws and to which the crosspieces are coupled;
  • the first option may comprise a rotation drive mechanism fixedly secured to the structure and to which the cooling device is coupled in order to allow it to be driven in rotation relative to the structure after unscrewing the third screws, to dismantle at least one module;
  • the rotation drive mechanism can be arranged in the form of at least one hinge
  • the protective plate can be fixedly secured to the structure
  • it may comprise clamping parts in a number equal to a number of first screws and each placed below a crosspiece located between two neighboring modules, each being crossed by a corresponding first screw to clamp these modules on this crosspiece;
  • each power card can define a so-called H-bridge which is placed in a state suitable for establishing the zero voltage difference, when it is not operating.
  • the power cards can together define a distributed multilevel inverter;
  • the cooling device may comprise an upper face oriented towards the modules and the crosspieces and provided with a heat transfer layer;
  • the invention also proposes a system comprising at least one cellular battery assembly of the type presented above.
  • this system may constitute a vehicle, possibly of the automobile or railway type or even all-terrain (or off-road), or a mobile machine (or device).
  • FIG. 1 schematically and functionally illustrates, in a side view, an example of a vehicle comprising an example of embodiment of a cellular battery assembly according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates, in a perspective view from above, an exemplary embodiment of a cellular battery assembly according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 schematically and functionally illustrates, in a sectional view in a longitudinal and vertical plane, a portion of the cellular battery assembly of Figure 2, and
  • FIG. 5 schematically and functionally illustrates, in a side view, the vehicle of Figure 1 after removal of the protective wall from its cellular battery assembly and rotation of the cooling device of the latter.
  • the invention aims in particular to propose a cellular battery assembly EB intended to equip a system S and having a simplified architecture facilitating the replacement of internal elements (and in particular of (cellular) modules MC).
  • the system S is a vehicle of the automobile type, such as for example a car (as illustrated non-limitingly in Figures 1 and 5). But the invention is not limited to this type of system. It in fact concerns any system comprising at least one set of cellular batteries.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates an example of a system S (here a vehicle) comprising an example of an embodiment of a cellular battery assembly EB according to the invention, installed on the lower face of its body (under the passenger compartment).
  • a cell battery assembly EB comprises at least three (cellular) modules MC, crosspieces TB, inter-module conductive lines LC, first V1 and second V2 screws, a cooling device DR and a protective plate PP.
  • the DR cooling device is installed below the MC modules and TB crosspieces and above the PP protective plate.
  • this DR cooling device may comprise plates between which a cooling circuit is defined in which a refrigerant fluid circulates which is not necessarily dedicated to the cooling of the EB cell battery assembly (and in particular its cells).
  • the MC modules each comprise at least two electrical energy storage cells.
  • electrical energy storage cell here means a rechargeable and possibly electrochemical cell (for example of the lithium-ion (or Li-ion) or Ni-Mh or Ni-Cd type).
  • the MC modules can allow the EB cell battery assembly to deliver a low voltage (typically 450 V for illustrative purposes) across its terminals. But it could deliver a medium voltage or a high voltage.
  • the MC modules are fixedly secured by first screws V1 to crosspieces TB which separate them. It will therefore be understood that two neighboring MC modules are secured to the same crosspiece TB in at least one location, and preferably several (at least two).
  • the heads of the first screws V1 are accessible from below the cellular battery assembly EB, once the cooling device DR and protective plate PP have been moved (see Figure 5).
  • each MC module can be equipped with at least (or associated with at least) one CE electronic card responsible for controlling and supervising the operation of the cells, and in particular for determining operating parameters such as for example the internal current and the internal temperature.
  • the CE electronic cards are installed on the upper face of the MC modules between the two pairs of BOC connection terminals. But this is not an obligation.
  • each MC module has two opposite ends, each provided with two connection terminals BOC and a power card CP.
  • the two BOC connection terminals of each end of an MC module are respectively connected to corresponding BOC connection terminals of neighboring MC modules via inter-module conductive lines LC.
  • the first BOC connection terminal of a first end of an nth MC module is connected to the second BOC connection terminal of a first end of an (n-1)th MC module
  • the second BOC connection terminal of this first end of the nth MC module is connected to the first BOC connection terminal of the first end of the (n+1)th MC module.
  • the first terminal BOC connection terminal of a second end of an nth MC module is connected to the second BOC connection terminal of a second end of an (n-1)th MC module, and the second BOC connection terminal of this second end of the nth MC module is connected to the first BOC connection terminal of the second end of the (n+1)th MC module.
  • the MC modules are therefore mounted in series and the inter-module conductive lines LC, which interconnect them, define a current line which starts at the level of the MC module located furthest “upstream” and extends to the MC module located furthest “downstream” and then from the latter to the MC module located furthest upstream.
  • the inter-module conductive lines LC are fixedly secured to the MC modules by second screws V2.
  • the heads of the second screws V2 are accessible from below the EB cell battery assembly, once the DR cooling device and PP protection plate have been moved (see Figure 5)-
  • the cells of an MC module are coupled to the power cards CP installed respectively at the two opposite ends of this MC module.
  • the power board CP of one end of an MC module is arranged so as to establish, when not in operation, a zero voltage difference between the connection terminals BOC of this end. This very advantageously allows disassembly of this MC module by unscrewing the first V1 and second V2 corresponding screws, after moving the DR cooling device and the PP protection plate (see figure 5).
  • This new and original architecture is particularly advantageous, because a faulty MC module can now be replaced quickly by a technician (without any particular specialization and without any particular authorization), without having to completely remove the EB cellular battery assembly and without having to provide suitable logistics or the loan of a courtesy vehicle. This results in a very significant reduction in the downtime of a vehicle and in repair costs for the after-sales service and/or the vehicle user.
  • the cellular battery assembly EB may comprise a structure SB to which the cooling device DR is fixedly secured by third screws (not shown) and to which the crosspieces TB which support the MC modules are coupled. It will be understood that when replacing a module, moving the cooling device DR requires first completely unscrewing all the third screws.
  • the structure SB may be in the form of a frame surrounding the MC modules and on an internal face of which the opposite ends of the crosspieces TB are installed and supported, for example.
  • This structure SB is fixedly secured to a part of the system S, such as for example the lower face of the body when it constitutes a motor vehicle.
  • the cellular battery assembly EB may also comprise a rotational drive mechanism MER fixedly secured to this structure SB (for example on its lower face facing outwards), as illustrated non-limitingly in figures 1 and 5.
  • the cooling device DR is coupled to this rotation drive mechanism MER so that it can be driven in rotation relative to the structure SB after unscrewing the third screws, to allow a technician to dismantle at least one module MC.
  • this MER rotation drive mechanism can be arranged in the form of at least one hinge. But other types of MER rotation drive mechanism can be used.
  • a MER rotation drive mechanism is advantageous because it makes it possible to avoid having to decouple the DR cooling device from its refrigerant supply system before storing it during the intervention.
  • the MER rotation drive mechanism can be dispensed with, but in this case it is necessary to purge the DR cooling device and its refrigerant supply system, unless quick couplings are provided.
  • the PP protection plate can be fixedly secured to the structure SB.
  • the PP protection plate could be fixedly secured to the system S, such as for example the lower face of the body when it constitutes a motor vehicle.
  • the PP protection plate could also be fixedly secured to the system S and to the structure SB. In all cases, the fixed fastening can be done by screwing and/or clipping.
  • the cellular battery assembly EB may also comprise clamping parts PB in a number equal to the number of first screws V1.
  • each clamping part PB is placed below a crosspiece TB, located between two neighboring MC modules, being crossed by a corresponding first screw V1 to clamp these MC modules on this crosspiece TB.
  • the MC modules are fixedly secured in pairs to (and supported by) the TB crosspieces, which makes it possible to reduce the number of first screws V1 used.
  • the MC modules and the PB clamping parts are preferentially placed against the DR cooling device. This in fact makes it possible to improve the cooling of the elements located inside the EB cellular battery assembly (and in particular the MC modules).
  • each CP power card can define a so-called H-bridge which is placed in a state suitable for establishing the zero voltage difference between the two BOC connection terminals of its MC module end, when it is not operating.
  • the CP power cards together define what can be called a distributed multilevel inverter.
  • an H-bridge is an electronic device which is used to control the polarity at the terminals of a dipole, and which for this purpose comprises four switching elements generally arranged in an H and which may be, for example, relays or transistors.
  • Such an H-bridge is generally controlled by means of signals which are pulse-width modulated, and can be switched so as to cyclically vary the polarity of the charging voltage in order to constitute an inverter.
  • the state which is suitable for establishing the zero voltage difference between the two connection terminals BOC may, for example, be an open, non-conducting state. But this is not an obligation. Thus, as a variant this state could generate a bypass, for example and not limited to. [0062] But other types of power card CP can be used provided that they allow, when not in operation, the establishment of a zero voltage difference between the two connection terminals BOC of one end of the module MC.
  • the cooling device DR may comprise an upper face FS which is oriented towards the modules MC and the crosspieces TB and which is provided with a heat transfer layer (or “thermal pad”) CT.
  • a heat transfer layer CT makes it possible to homogenize the transfer of calories between two surfaces, and therefore to improve the cooling of the elements located inside the cellular battery assembly EB (and in particular the modules MC).
  • the cellular battery assembly EB may also comprise an electrical insulation plate PIE placed above the MC modules and the inter-module conductive lines LC. This makes it possible to avoid the generation of short circuits and possible discharges of MC modules, for example by capacitive effect.
  • the CE electronic cards are preferably interposed between the upper face of the MC modules and the PIE electrical insulation plate.
  • a technician separates the PP protection plate in order to move it (see figure 5).
  • the technician moves the cooling device DR, for example by rotating it downwards, when such rotation is permitted by the arrangement of the cellular battery assembly EB.
  • the technician can, for example, carry out a safety check intended to ensure the absence of voltage at the MC modules. For this purpose, it is possible, for example, to add to each power card CP a light diode responsible for generating photons in the presence of a voltage.
  • the technician unscrews the second screws V2 ensuring the fixing of the inter-module conductive lines LC to the faulty MC module that is to be removed.
  • the technician unscrews the first screws V1 ensuring the attachment to the crosspieces TB framing the faulty MC module of the clamping parts PB concerned, then removes the latter (PB) in order to remove the faulty MC module.

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Abstract

According to the invention, a system is equipped with a cellular battery assembly (EB) comprising modules (MC) that contain cells for storing electrical energy and that are secured by first screws (V1) to crossbars (TB) separating them and under which a cooling device (DR) is installed, the cooling device being placed above a protective plate (PP). Each module (MC) comprises two ends each provided with two connection terminals (BOC) connected to corresponding connection terminals (BOC) of neighbouring modules (MC) via inter-module conductive lines (LC) that are fixedly secured by second screws (V2), and a power board to which the cells are coupled and generating, when not in operation, a zero voltage difference between the connection terminals (BOC), the heads of the first and second screws (V1, V2) being accessible from beneath the cellular battery assembly in order to allow the module (MC) to be uninstalled by unscrewing these screws, after movement of the cooling device (DR) and protective plate (PP).

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION

TITRE : ENSEMBLE DE BATTERIE CELLULAIRE À ARCHITECTURE SIMPLIFIÉE FACILITANT LE REMPLACEMENT D’ÉLÉMENTS INTERNES, POUR UN SYSTÈME TITLE: CELLULAR BATTERY ASSEMBLY WITH SIMPLIFIED ARCHITECTURE FACILITATING THE REPLACEMENT OF INTERNAL ELEMENTS, FOR A SYSTEM

La présente invention revendique la priorité de la demande française N°2309446 déposée le 08.09.2024 dont le contenu (texte, dessins et revendications) est ici incorporé par référence. The present invention claims priority from French application No. 2309446 filed on 08.09.2024, the content of which (text, drawings and claims) is incorporated herein by reference.

Domaine technique de l’invention Technical field of the invention

[0001] L’invention concerne les ensembles (ou « packs ») de batterie cellulaire qui sont propres à équiper des systèmes, et plus précisément les architectures de tels ensembles (ou packs). [0001] The invention relates to cellular battery assemblies (or “packs”) which are suitable for equipping systems, and more precisely to the architectures of such assemblies (or packs).

Etat de la technique State of the art

[0002] Certains systèmes, comme par exemple certains véhicules (éventuellement de type automobile ou ferroviaire ou encore tout terrain (ou « off road »)) ou certains engins (ou appareils) mobiles (éventuellement de levage), comprennent au moins un ensemble (ou pack) de batterie cellulaire comprenant au moins trois modules comportant chacun au moins deux cellules de stockage d’énergie électrique. [0002] Certain systems, such as for example certain vehicles (possibly of the automobile or railway type or even all-terrain (or “off road”)) or certain mobile machines (or devices) (possibly lifting), comprise at least one set (or pack) of cellular batteries comprising at least three modules each comprising at least two electrical energy storage cells.

[0003] On entend ici par « cellule de stockage d’énergie électrique » une cellule rechargeable et éventuellement électrochimique (par exemple de type lithium-ion (ou Li-ion) ou Ni-Mh ou Ni-Cd). [0003] Here, the term “electrical energy storage cell” means a rechargeable and possibly electrochemical cell (for example of the lithium-ion (or Li-ion) or Ni-Mh or Ni-Cd type).

[0004] Dans certains de ces ensembles, les modules (cellulaires) sont solidarisés fixement par des première vis à des traverses qui les séparent et sous lesquelles est installé un dispositif de refroidissement (comme par exemple des plaques entre lesquelles est défini un circuit de refroidissement dans lequel circule un fluide frigorigène), placé au-dessus d'une plaque de protection. [0005] Actuellement, les architectures électriques des systèmes précités, et en particulier des véhicules, comprennent un ensemble de boitiers électroniques de puissance permettant d’adapter le couple courant / tension continu délivré par la batterie cellulaire aux spécificités des organes électriques de puissance du système et au réseau de bord de ce dernier, ainsi qu’éventuellement d’assurer une compatibilité avec un réseau électrique externe au système. [0004] In some of these assemblies, the (cellular) modules are fixedly secured by first screws to crosspieces which separate them and under which a cooling device is installed (such as for example plates between which a cooling circuit is defined in which a refrigerant fluid circulates), placed above a protective plate. [0005] Currently, the electrical architectures of the aforementioned systems, and in particular of vehicles, comprise a set of electronic power boxes making it possible to adapt the direct current/voltage pair delivered by the cellular battery to the specificities of the electrical power components of the system and to the on-board network of the latter, as well as possibly ensuring compatibility with an electrical network external to the system.

[0006] Par exemple, dans un véhicule lorsque la batterie cellulaire est de type 450 V, elle délivre à ses bornes une tension continue comprise entre environ 260 V et 450 V en fonction de son état de charge. Lorsque le véhicule est à l’arrêt, la batterie cellulaire est isolée du réseau électrique dit « de puissance » du véhicule par l’ouverture de relais. Actuellement à l’intérieur de l’ensemble (ou pack) de batterie cellulaire, lorsque le véhicule est hors fonctionnement, il demeure aux bornes de sa batterie cellulaire une tension qui est toujours comprise entre environ 260 V et 450 V, ce qui rend toute intervention au sein de l’ensemble très délicate et donc nécessite de disposer d’un technicien qualifié et habilité. On notera que plus la tension de la batterie cellulaire sera élevée, plus l’intervention sera potentiellement dangereuse. [0006] For example, in a vehicle when the cellular battery is of the 450 V type, it delivers to its terminals a direct voltage of between approximately 260 V and 450 V depending on its state of charge. When the vehicle is stationary, the cellular battery is isolated from the so-called "power" electrical network of the vehicle by opening the relay. Currently inside the cellular battery assembly (or pack), when the vehicle is not in operation, there remains at the terminals of its cellular battery a voltage which is always between approximately 260 V and 450 V, which makes any intervention within the assembly very delicate and therefore requires a qualified and authorized technician. It should be noted that the higher the voltage of the cellular battery, the more potentially dangerous the intervention will be.

[0007] Actuellement, les techniciens précités sont rares et généralement présents dans des établissements spécialisés qui sont eux-mêmes rares. Par conséquent, lorsqu’un module est défaillant il est nécessaire, pour des raisons de sécurité, de déposer l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire dont il fait partie, puis d’acheminer ce dernier dans un établissement spécialisé qui interviendra dessus en l’ouvrant et en remplaçant le module défaillant (au moins). On comprendra que la durée, nécessaire à cette dépose combinée à cet acheminement et à cette intervention, puis à toutes les opérations dans le sens inverse, est longue (typiquement un mois) et nécessite une logistique adaptée (parfois sur de longues distances et donc avec une empreinte carbone non négligeable). De plus, le coût global de la réparation s’avère élevé. En outre, dans le cas d’un véhicule, ce dernier se retrouve immobilisé dans un garage et donc, pour ne pas pénaliser son usager, il doit être remplacé par un véhicule de courtoisie, ce qui nécessite d’en avoir suffisamment à disposition et occasionne des coûts supplémentaires. [0008] L’invention a donc notamment pour but d’améliorer la situation. [0007] Currently, the aforementioned technicians are rare and generally present in specialized establishments which are themselves rare. Consequently, when a module is faulty it is necessary, for safety reasons, to remove the cellular battery assembly of which it is a part, then to transport the latter to a specialized establishment which will intervene on it by opening it and replacing the faulty module (at least). It will be understood that the time required for this removal combined with this transport and this intervention, then for all the operations in the opposite direction, is long (typically one month) and requires suitable logistics (sometimes over long distances and therefore with a significant carbon footprint). In addition, the overall cost of the repair is high. In addition, in the case of a vehicle, the latter finds itself immobilized in a garage and therefore, in order not to penalize its user, it must be replaced by a courtesy vehicle, which requires having enough available and causes additional costs. [0008] The invention therefore aims in particular to improve the situation.

Présentation de l’invention Presentation of the invention

[0009] Elle propose notamment à cet effet un ensemble de batterie cellulaire propre à équiper un système et comprenant au moins trois modules comportant chacun au moins deux cellules de stockage d’énergie électrique, et solidarisés fixement par des premières vis à des traverses les séparant et sous lesquelles est installé un dispositif de refroidissement placé au-dessus d’une plaque de protection. [0009] For this purpose, it proposes in particular a set of cellular batteries suitable for equipping a system and comprising at least three modules each comprising at least two electrical energy storage cells, and fixedly secured by first screws to crosspieces separating them and under which is installed a cooling device placed above a protective plate.

[0010] Cet ensemble de batterie se caractérise par le fait que chaque module comporte deux extrémités opposées et munies chacune : [0010] This battery assembly is characterized by the fact that each module has two opposite ends, each equipped with:

[0011]- de deux bornes de connexion respectivement connectées à des bornes de connexion correspondantes de modules voisins via des lignes conductrices inter-modules solidarisées fixement par des deuxièmes vis, et[0011]- of two connection terminals respectively connected to corresponding connection terminals of neighboring modules via inter-module conductive lines fixedly secured by second screws, and

[0012]- d’une carte de puissance à laquelle sont couplées les cellules et propre à instaurer hors fonctionnement une différence de tension nulle entre les bornes de connexion, les têtes des premières et deuxièmes vis étant accessibles par le dessous de l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire afin de permettre un démontage du module par dévissage des premières et deuxièmes vis correspondantes, après déplacement des dispositif de refroidissement et plaque de protection. [0012]- a power card to which the cells are coupled and capable of establishing, when not in operation, a zero voltage difference between the connection terminals, the heads of the first and second screws being accessible from below the cell battery assembly in order to allow disassembly of the module by unscrewing the corresponding first and second screws, after moving the cooling device and protective plate.

[0013] Grâce à cette nouvelle et originale architecture, un module défaillant peut être désormais remplacé rapidement par un technicien (sans spécialisation particulière et sans habilitation particulière), sans qu’il faille déposer intégralement l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire et sans qu’il faille prévoir une logistique adaptée ou le prêt d’un véhicule de courtoisie. [0013] Thanks to this new and original architecture, a faulty module can now be replaced quickly by a technician (without any particular specialization or special authorization), without having to completely remove the entire cell battery assembly and without having to plan for suitable logistics or the loan of a courtesy vehicle.

[0014] L’ensemble de batterie selon l’invention peut comporter d’autres caractéristiques qui peuvent être prises séparément ou en combinaison, et notamment : [0015]- il peut comprendre une structure à laquelle est solidarisé fixement le dispositif de refroidissement par des troisièmes vis et à laquelle sont couplées les traverses ; [0014] The battery assembly according to the invention may include other characteristics which may be taken separately or in combination, and in particular: [0015]- it may comprise a structure to which the cooling device is fixedly secured by third screws and to which the crosspieces are coupled;

[0016]- en présence de la première option, il peut comprendre un mécanisme d’entraînement en rotation solidarisé fixement à la structure et auquel est couplé le dispositif de refroidissement afin de permettre son entraînement en rotation par rapport à la structure après un dévissage des troisièmes vis, pour démonter au moins un module ; [0016]- in the presence of the first option, it may comprise a rotation drive mechanism fixedly secured to the structure and to which the cooling device is coupled in order to allow it to be driven in rotation relative to the structure after unscrewing the third screws, to dismantle at least one module;

[0017]- en présence de la dernière sous-option, le mécanisme d’entraînement en rotation peut être agencé sous la forme d’au moins une charnière ; [0017]- in the presence of the last sub-option, the rotation drive mechanism can be arranged in the form of at least one hinge;

[0018]- également en présence de la première option, la plaque de protection peut être solidarisée fixement à la structure ; [0018]- also in the presence of the first option, the protective plate can be fixedly secured to the structure;

[0019]- il peut comprendre des pièces de bridage en nombre égal à un nombre de premières vis et placées chacune en-dessous d’une traverse située entre deux modules voisins en étant traversées chacune par une première vis correspondante pour brider ces modules sur cette traverse ; [0019]- it may comprise clamping parts in a number equal to a number of first screws and each placed below a crosspiece located between two neighboring modules, each being crossed by a corresponding first screw to clamp these modules on this crosspiece;

[0020]- en présence de la dernière option, les modules et les pièces de bridage peuvent être placés contre le dispositif de refroidissement ; [0020]- in the presence of the last option, the modules and the clamping parts can be placed against the cooling device;

[0021]- chaque carte de puissance peut définir un pont dit en H qui est placé dans un état propre à instaurer la différence de tension nulle, lorsqu’il est hors fonctionnement. Dans ce cas, les cartes de puissance peuvent définir ensemble un onduleur multiniveau distribué ; [0021]- each power card can define a so-called H-bridge which is placed in a state suitable for establishing the zero voltage difference, when it is not operating. In this case, the power cards can together define a distributed multilevel inverter;

[0022]- le dispositif de refroidissement peut comprendre une face supérieure orientée vers les modules et les traverses et munie d’une couche de transfert de calories ; [0022]- the cooling device may comprise an upper face oriented towards the modules and the crosspieces and provided with a heat transfer layer;

[0023]- il peut comprendre une plaque d’isolation électrique placée au- dessus des modules et des lignes conductrices inter-modules. [0023]- it may comprise an electrical insulation plate placed above the modules and inter-module conductive lines.

[0024] L’invention propose également un système comprenant au moins un ensemble de batterie cellulaire du type de celui présenté ci-avant. [0025] Par exemple, ce système peut constituer un véhicule, éventuellement de type automobile ou ferroviaire ou encore tout terrain (ou off road), ou bien un engin (ou appareil) mobile. [0024] The invention also proposes a system comprising at least one cellular battery assembly of the type presented above. [0025] For example, this system may constitute a vehicle, possibly of the automobile or railway type or even all-terrain (or off-road), or a mobile machine (or device).

Brève description des figures Brief description of the figures

[0026] D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l’invention apparaîtront à l’examen de la description détaillée ci-après, et des dessins annexés, sur lesquels : [0026] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on examining the detailed description below, and the appended drawings, in which:

[0027] [Fig. 1] illustre schématiquement et fonctionnellement, dans une vue de côté, un exemple de véhicule comportant un exemple de réalisation d’un ensemble de batterie cellulaire selon l’invention, [0027] [Fig. 1] schematically and functionally illustrates, in a side view, an example of a vehicle comprising an example of embodiment of a cellular battery assembly according to the invention,

[0028] [Fig. 2] illustre schématiquement, dans une vue en perspective du dessus, un exemple de réalisation d’un ensemble de batterie cellulaire selon l’invention, [0028] [Fig. 2] schematically illustrates, in a perspective view from above, an exemplary embodiment of a cellular battery assembly according to the invention,

[0029] [Fig. 3] illustre schématiquement et fonctionnellement, dans une vue en perspective du dessus, une partie de l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire de la figure 2, sans les traverses inter-modules, [0029] [Fig. 3] schematically and functionally illustrates, in a perspective view from above, a portion of the cellular battery assembly of Figure 2, without the inter-module cross members,

[0030] [Fig. 4] illustre schématiquement et fonctionnellement, dans une vue en coupe dans un plan longitudinal et vertical, une partie de l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire de la figure 2, et [0030] [Fig. 4] schematically and functionally illustrates, in a sectional view in a longitudinal and vertical plane, a portion of the cellular battery assembly of Figure 2, and

[0031] [Fig. 5] illustre schématiquement et fonctionnellement, dans une vue de côté, le véhicule de la figure 1 après retrait de la paroi de protection de son ensemble de batterie cellulaire et entraînement en rotation du dispositif de refroidissement de ce dernier. [0031] [Fig. 5] schematically and functionally illustrates, in a side view, the vehicle of Figure 1 after removal of the protective wall from its cellular battery assembly and rotation of the cooling device of the latter.

Description détaillée de l’invention Detailed description of the invention

[0032] L’invention a notamment pour but de proposer un ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB destiné à équiper un système S et présentant une architecture simplifiée facilitant le remplacement d’éléments internes (et en particulier de modules (cellulaires) MC). [0033] Dans ce qui suit, on considère, à titre d’exemple non limitatif, que le système S est un véhicule de type automobile, comme par exemple une voiture (comme illustré non limitativement sur les figures 1 et 5). Mais l’invention n’est pas limitée à ce type de système. Elle concerne en effet tout système comprenant au moins un ensemble de batterie cellulaire. Ainsi, elle concerne tous les véhicules (terrestres (y compris ferroviaires ou tout terrain (ou off road), et notamment les engins de chantier et camions), maritimes (ou fluviaux), ou aériens), les engins mobiles (y compris ceux qui assurent une fonction de levage), les appareils (éventuellement grand public et/ou éventuellement mobiles), les installations (éventuellement industrielles), et les bâtiments (publics ou privés). [0032] The invention aims in particular to propose a cellular battery assembly EB intended to equip a system S and having a simplified architecture facilitating the replacement of internal elements (and in particular of (cellular) modules MC). [0033] In the following, it is considered, by way of non-limiting example, that the system S is a vehicle of the automobile type, such as for example a car (as illustrated non-limitingly in Figures 1 and 5). But the invention is not limited to this type of system. It in fact concerns any system comprising at least one set of cellular batteries. Thus, it concerns all vehicles (land (including rail or all-terrain (or off-road), and in particular construction machinery and trucks), maritime (or river), or air), mobile machinery (including those which provide a lifting function), devices (possibly general public and/or possibly mobile), installations (possibly industrial), and buildings (public or private).

[0034] On a schématiquement illustré sur la figure 1 un exemple de système S (ici un véhicule) comportant un exemple de réalisation d’un ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB selon l’invention, installé sur la face inférieure de sa caisse (sous l'habitacle). [0034] Figure 1 schematically illustrates an example of a system S (here a vehicle) comprising an example of an embodiment of a cellular battery assembly EB according to the invention, installed on the lower face of its body (under the passenger compartment).

[0035] Comme illustré au moins partiellement sur les figures 1 à 5, un ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB, selon l’invention, comprend au moins trois modules (cellulaires) MC, des traverses TB, des lignes conductrices inter-modules LC, des premières V1 et deuxièmes V2 vis, un dispositif de refroidissement DR et une plaque de protection PP. [0035] As illustrated at least partially in Figures 1 to 5, a cell battery assembly EB, according to the invention, comprises at least three (cellular) modules MC, crosspieces TB, inter-module conductive lines LC, first V1 and second V2 screws, a cooling device DR and a protective plate PP.

[0036] Le dispositif de refroidissement DR est installé en-dessous des modules MC et traverses TB et au-dessus de la plaque de protection PP. Par exemple, ce dispositif de refroidissement DR peut comprendre des plaques entre lesquelles est défini un circuit de refroidissement dans lequel circule un fluide frigorigène qui n’est pas forcément dédié au refroidissement de l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB (et en particulier de ses cellules). [0036] The DR cooling device is installed below the MC modules and TB crosspieces and above the PP protective plate. For example, this DR cooling device may comprise plates between which a cooling circuit is defined in which a refrigerant fluid circulates which is not necessarily dedicated to the cooling of the EB cell battery assembly (and in particular its cells).

[0037] Les modules MC comportent chacun au moins deux cellules de stockage d'énergie électrique. Il est rappelé que l’on entend ici par « cellule de stockage d’énergie électrique » une cellule rechargeable et éventuellement électrochimique (par exemple de type lithium-ion (ou Li-ion) ou Ni-Mh ou Ni-Cd). [0038] Par exemple, les modules MC peuvent permettre à l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB de délivrer sur ses bornes une basse tension (typiquement 450 V à titre illustratif). Mais elle pourrait délivrer une moyenne tension ou une haute tension. [0037] The MC modules each comprise at least two electrical energy storage cells. It is recalled that the term “electrical energy storage cell” here means a rechargeable and possibly electrochemical cell (for example of the lithium-ion (or Li-ion) or Ni-Mh or Ni-Cd type). [0038] For example, the MC modules can allow the EB cell battery assembly to deliver a low voltage (typically 450 V for illustrative purposes) across its terminals. But it could deliver a medium voltage or a high voltage.

[0039] Comme illustré au moins partiellement sur les figures 2 et 4, les modules MC sont solidarisés fixement par des premières vis V1 à des traverses TB qui les séparent. On comprendra donc que deux modules MC voisins sont solidarisés à une même traverse TB en au moins un endroit, et de préférence plusieurs (au moins deux). Les têtes des premières vis V1 sont accessibles par le dessous de l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB, une fois que les dispositif de refroidissement DR et plaque de protection PP ont été déplacés (voir figure 5). [0039] As illustrated at least partially in Figures 2 and 4, the MC modules are fixedly secured by first screws V1 to crosspieces TB which separate them. It will therefore be understood that two neighboring MC modules are secured to the same crosspiece TB in at least one location, and preferably several (at least two). The heads of the first screws V1 are accessible from below the cellular battery assembly EB, once the cooling device DR and protective plate PP have been moved (see Figure 5).

[0040] On notera, comme illustré non limitativement sur la figure 3, que chaque module MC peut être équipé d’au moins (ou associé à au moins) une carte électronique CE chargée de contrôler et superviser le fonctionnement des cellules, et notamment de déterminer des paramètres de fonctionnement comme par exemple le courant interne et la température interne. Dans l’exemple illustré non limitativement sur la figure 3, les cartes électroniques CE sont installées sur la face supérieure des modules MC entre les deux paires de bornes de connexion BOC. Mais cela n’est pas une obligation. [0040] It will be noted, as illustrated non-limitingly in Figure 3, that each MC module can be equipped with at least (or associated with at least) one CE electronic card responsible for controlling and supervising the operation of the cells, and in particular for determining operating parameters such as for example the internal current and the internal temperature. In the example illustrated non-limitingly in Figure 3, the CE electronic cards are installed on the upper face of the MC modules between the two pairs of BOC connection terminals. But this is not an obligation.

[0041] Par ailleurs, et comme illustré au moins partiellement sur les figures 2 à 4, chaque module MC comporte deux extrémités opposées et munies chacune de deux bornes de connexion BOC et d’une carte de puissance CP. [0041] Furthermore, and as illustrated at least partially in Figures 2 to 4, each MC module has two opposite ends, each provided with two connection terminals BOC and a power card CP.

[0042] Les deux bornes de connexion BOC de chaque extrémité d’un module MC sont respectivement connectées à des bornes de connexion BOC correspondantes de modules MC voisins via des lignes conductrices intermodules LC. En d’autres termes, la première borne de connexion BOC d’une première extrémité d’un nième module MC est connectée à la seconde borne de connexion BOC d’une première extrémité d’un (n-1 )ième module MC, et la seconde borne de connexion BOC de cette première extrémité du nième module MC est connectée à la première borne de connexion BOC de la première extrémité du (n+1)ième module MC. De même, la première borne de connexion BOC d’une seconde extrémité d’un nième module MC est connectée à la seconde borne de connexion BOC d’une seconde extrémité d’un (n-1 )ième module MC, et la seconde borne de connexion BOC de cette seconde extrémité du nième module MC est connectée à la première borne de connexion BOC de la seconde extrémité du (n+1 )ième module MC. [0042] The two BOC connection terminals of each end of an MC module are respectively connected to corresponding BOC connection terminals of neighboring MC modules via inter-module conductive lines LC. In other words, the first BOC connection terminal of a first end of an nth MC module is connected to the second BOC connection terminal of a first end of an (n-1)th MC module, and the second BOC connection terminal of this first end of the nth MC module is connected to the first BOC connection terminal of the first end of the (n+1)th MC module. Similarly, the first terminal BOC connection terminal of a second end of an nth MC module is connected to the second BOC connection terminal of a second end of an (n-1)th MC module, and the second BOC connection terminal of this second end of the nth MC module is connected to the first BOC connection terminal of the second end of the (n+1)th MC module.

[0043] Les modules MC sont donc montés en série et les lignes conductrices inter-modules LC, qui les interconnectent, définissent une ligne de courant qui démarre au niveau du module MC situé le plus en « amont » et s’étend jusqu’au module MC situé le plus en « aval » puis de ce dernier jusqu’au module MC situé le plus en amont. [0043] The MC modules are therefore mounted in series and the inter-module conductive lines LC, which interconnect them, define a current line which starts at the level of the MC module located furthest “upstream” and extends to the MC module located furthest “downstream” and then from the latter to the MC module located furthest upstream.

[0044] On notera qu'au sein d’un ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB, il peut y avoir plusieurs (au moins deux) groupes de modules au sein de chacun desquels les modules MC sont montés en série et associés à une ligne de courant (il y a alors plusieurs (au moins deux) lignes de courant). C’est notamment le cas dans l’exemple illustré non limitativement sur la figure 2 (en effet il y a trois groupes de huit modules MC fournissant respectivement trois lignes de courant). [0044] It will be noted that within an EB cell battery assembly, there may be several (at least two) groups of modules within each of which the MC modules are mounted in series and associated with a current line (there are then several (at least two) current lines). This is particularly the case in the example illustrated non-limitingly in Figure 2 (in fact there are three groups of eight MC modules respectively providing three current lines).

[0045] Comme illustré sur la figure 4, les lignes conductrices inter-modules LC sont solidarisées fixement aux modules MC par des deuxièmes vis V2. Les têtes des deuxièmes vis V2 sont accessibles par le dessous de l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB, une fois que les dispositif de refroidissement DR et plaque de protection PP ont été déplacés (voir figure 5)-[0045] As illustrated in Figure 4, the inter-module conductive lines LC are fixedly secured to the MC modules by second screws V2. The heads of the second screws V2 are accessible from below the EB cell battery assembly, once the DR cooling device and PP protection plate have been moved (see Figure 5)-

[0046] Les cellules d’un module MC sont couplées aux cartes de puissance CP installées respectivement aux deux extrémités opposées de ce module MC. [0046] The cells of an MC module are coupled to the power cards CP installed respectively at the two opposite ends of this MC module.

[0047] La carte de puissance CP d’une extrémité d’un module MC est agencée de manière à instaurer, hors fonctionnement, une différence de tension nulle entre les bornes de connexion BOC de cette extrémité. Cela permet très avantageusement un démontage de ce module MC par dévissage des premières V1 et deuxièmes V2 vis correspondantes, après déplacement du dispositif de refroidissement DR et de la plaque de protection PP (voir figure 5). [0047] The power board CP of one end of an MC module is arranged so as to establish, when not in operation, a zero voltage difference between the connection terminals BOC of this end. This very advantageously allows disassembly of this MC module by unscrewing the first V1 and second V2 corresponding screws, after moving the DR cooling device and the PP protection plate (see figure 5).

[0048] On comprendra en effet que lorsque le système S (ici un véhicule) n’est plus en fonctionnement, la tension entre les bornes de connexion BOC de chaque extrémité de chaque module MC est nulle, et donc un technicien peut intervenir pour retirer sans risque électrique n’importe quel module MC défaillant de l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB, dès lors qu’il a déplacé le dispositif de refroidissement DR et la plaque de protection PP. [0048] It will be understood in fact that when the system S (here a vehicle) is no longer in operation, the voltage between the connection terminals BOC of each end of each MC module is zero, and therefore a technician can intervene to remove without electrical risk any faulty MC module from the cellular battery assembly EB, once he has moved the cooling device DR and the protective plate PP.

[0049] Cette nouvelle et originale architecture est particulièrement avantageuse, car un module MC défaillant peut être désormais remplacé rapidement par un technicien (sans spécialisation particulière et sans habilitation particulière), sans qu’il faille déposer intégralement l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB et sans qu’il faille prévoir une logistique adaptée ou le prêt d’un véhicule de courtoisie. Il en résulte une réduction très importante de la durée d’immobilisation d’un véhicule et des coûts de réparation pour le service après-vente et/ou l’usager du véhicule. [0049] This new and original architecture is particularly advantageous, because a faulty MC module can now be replaced quickly by a technician (without any particular specialization and without any particular authorization), without having to completely remove the EB cellular battery assembly and without having to provide suitable logistics or the loan of a courtesy vehicle. This results in a very significant reduction in the downtime of a vehicle and in repair costs for the after-sales service and/or the vehicle user.

[0050] Par exemple, et comme illustré non limitativement sur la figure 2, l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB peut comprendre une structure SB à laquelle est solidarisé fixement le dispositif de refroidissement DR par des troisièmes vis (non illustrées) et à laquelle sont couplées les traverses TB qui supportent les modules MC. On comprendra que lors d’un remplacement de module le déplacement du dispositif de refroidissement DR nécessite préalablement le dévissage complet de toutes les troisièmes vis. Afin de permettre les interventions sur les modules MC, la structure SB peut se présenter sous la forme d’un cadre entourant les modules MC et sur une face interne duquel sont installées et supportées les extrémités opposées des traverses TB, par exemple. [0050] For example, and as illustrated non-limitingly in Figure 2, the cellular battery assembly EB may comprise a structure SB to which the cooling device DR is fixedly secured by third screws (not shown) and to which the crosspieces TB which support the MC modules are coupled. It will be understood that when replacing a module, moving the cooling device DR requires first completely unscrewing all the third screws. In order to allow work on the MC modules, the structure SB may be in the form of a frame surrounding the MC modules and on an internal face of which the opposite ends of the crosspieces TB are installed and supported, for example.

[0051] Cette structure SB est solidarisée fixement à une partie du système S, comme par exemple la face inférieure de la caisse lorsqu’il constitue un véhicule automobile. [0051] This structure SB is fixedly secured to a part of the system S, such as for example the lower face of the body when it constitutes a motor vehicle.

[0052] En présence d’une telle structure SB, l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB peut aussi comprendre un mécanisme d’entraînement en rotation MER solidarisé fixement à cette structure SB (par exemple sur sa face inférieure orientée vers l’extérieur), comme illustré non limitativement sur les figures 1 et 5. Dans ce cas, le dispositif de refroidissement DR est couplé à ce mécanisme d’entraînement en rotation MER afin qu’il puisse être entraîné en rotation par rapport à la structure SB après un dévissage des troisièmes vis, pour permettre à un technicien de démonter au moins un module MC. [0052] In the presence of such a structure SB, the cellular battery assembly EB may also comprise a rotational drive mechanism MER fixedly secured to this structure SB (for example on its lower face facing outwards), as illustrated non-limitingly in figures 1 and 5. In this case, the cooling device DR is coupled to this rotation drive mechanism MER so that it can be driven in rotation relative to the structure SB after unscrewing the third screws, to allow a technician to dismantle at least one module MC.

[0053] Par exemple, ce mécanisme d’entraînement en rotation MER peut être agencé sous la forme d’au moins une charnière. Mais d’autres types de mécanisme d’entraînement en rotation MER peuvent être utilisés. [0053] For example, this MER rotation drive mechanism can be arranged in the form of at least one hinge. But other types of MER rotation drive mechanism can be used.

[0054] L’utilisation d’un mécanisme d’entraînement en rotation MER est avantageuse car elle permet de ne pas avoir à découpler le dispositif de refroidissement DR de son système d’alimentation en fluide frigorigène, avant de l’entreposer pendant l’intervention. Cependant, on peut se passer du mécanisme d'entraînement en rotation MER, mais dans ce cas il faut effectuer une purge du dispositif de refroidissement DR et de son système d’alimentation en fluide frigorigène, à moins de prévoir des raccords rapides. [0054] The use of a MER rotation drive mechanism is advantageous because it makes it possible to avoid having to decouple the DR cooling device from its refrigerant supply system before storing it during the intervention. However, the MER rotation drive mechanism can be dispensed with, but in this case it is necessary to purge the DR cooling device and its refrigerant supply system, unless quick couplings are provided.

[0055] Egalement par exemple, et comme illustré non limitativement sur la figure 1 , la plaque de protection PP peut être solidarisée fixement à la structure SB. Mais dans une variante de réalisation non illustrée la plaque de protection PP pourrait être solidarisée fixement au système S, comme par exemple la face inférieure de la caisse lorsqu’il constitue un véhicule automobile. On notera que la plaque de protection PP pourrait aussi être solidarisée fixement au système S et à la structure SB. Dans tous les cas, la solidarisation fixe peut se faire par vissage et/ou clippage. [0055] Also for example, and as illustrated non-limitingly in Figure 1, the PP protection plate can be fixedly secured to the structure SB. But in an alternative embodiment not illustrated, the PP protection plate could be fixedly secured to the system S, such as for example the lower face of the body when it constitutes a motor vehicle. It will be noted that the PP protection plate could also be fixedly secured to the system S and to the structure SB. In all cases, the fixed fastening can be done by screwing and/or clipping.

[0056] Egalement par exemple, et comme illustré non limitativement sur la figure 4, l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB peut aussi comprendre des pièces de bridage PB en nombre égal au nombre de premières vis V1 . Dans ce cas, chaque pièce de bridage PB est placée en-dessous d’une traverse TB, située entre deux modules MC voisins, en étant traversée par une première vis V1 correspondante pour brider ces modules MC sur cette traverse TB. [0057] Grâce à ces pièces de bridage PB, les modules MC sont solidarisés fixement par paire aux (et supportés par les) traverses TB, ce qui permet de réduire le nombre de premières vis V1 utilisées. En dévissant les premières vis V1 qui solidarisent fixement les pièces de bridage PB d’un module MC défaillant, on peut retirer axialement ces pièces de bridage PB puis le module MC défaillant sans que les deux modules MC voisins (amont et aval) ne tombent puisqu’ils sont encore retenus par d’autres pièces de bridage PB avec leurs autres voisins respectifs. [0056] Also for example, and as illustrated non-limitingly in FIG. 4, the cellular battery assembly EB may also comprise clamping parts PB in a number equal to the number of first screws V1. In this case, each clamping part PB is placed below a crosspiece TB, located between two neighboring MC modules, being crossed by a corresponding first screw V1 to clamp these MC modules on this crosspiece TB. [0057] Thanks to these PB clamping parts, the MC modules are fixedly secured in pairs to (and supported by) the TB crosspieces, which makes it possible to reduce the number of first screws V1 used. By unscrewing the first screws V1 which fixedly secure the PB clamping parts of a faulty MC module, it is possible to axially remove these PB clamping parts and then the faulty MC module without the two neighboring MC modules (upstream and downstream) falling since they are still held by other PB clamping parts with their other respective neighbors.

[0058] Egalement par exemple, et comme illustré non limitativement sur la figure 4, les modules MC et les pièces de bridage PB sont préférentiellement placés contre le dispositif de refroidissement DR. Cela permet en effet d’améliorer le refroidissement des éléments situés à l’intérieur de l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB (et en particulier les modules MC). [0058] Also for example, and as illustrated non-limitingly in FIG. 4, the MC modules and the PB clamping parts are preferentially placed against the DR cooling device. This in fact makes it possible to improve the cooling of the elements located inside the EB cellular battery assembly (and in particular the MC modules).

[0059] Egalement par exemple, chaque carte de puissance CP peut définir un pont dit en H qui est placé dans un état propre à instaurer la différence de tension nulle entre les deux bornes de connexion BOC de son extrémité de module MC, lorsqu’il est hors fonctionnement. Dans ce cas, les cartes de puissance CP définissent ensemble ce que l’on peut appeler un onduleur multiniveau distribué. [0059] Also for example, each CP power card can define a so-called H-bridge which is placed in a state suitable for establishing the zero voltage difference between the two BOC connection terminals of its MC module end, when it is not operating. In this case, the CP power cards together define what can be called a distributed multilevel inverter.

[0060] Il est rappelé qu’un pont en H est un dispositif électronique qui est utilisé pour contrôler la polarité aux bornes d’un dipôle, et qui comprend à cet effet quatre éléments de commutation généralement disposés en H et pouvant être, par exemple, des relais ou des transistors. Un tel pont en H est généralement commandé au moyen de signaux qui sont modulés en largeur d’impulsion, et peut être commuté de manière à faire varier cycliquement la polarité de la tension de charge afin de constituer un onduleur. [0060] It is recalled that an H-bridge is an electronic device which is used to control the polarity at the terminals of a dipole, and which for this purpose comprises four switching elements generally arranged in an H and which may be, for example, relays or transistors. Such an H-bridge is generally controlled by means of signals which are pulse-width modulated, and can be switched so as to cyclically vary the polarity of the charging voltage in order to constitute an inverter.

[0061] On notera que l’état qui est propre à instaurer la différence de tension nulle entre les deux bornes de connexion BOC peut, par exemple, être un état ouvert, non passant. Mais cela n’est pas une obligation. Ainsi, en variante cet état pourrait engendrer un contournement (ou « by-pass »), par exemple et non limitativement. [0062] Mais d’autres types de carte de puissance CP peuvent être utilisés dès lors qu’ils permettent, hors fonctionnement, l’instauration d’une différence de tension nulle entre les deux bornes de connexion BOC d'une extrémité de module MC. [0061] It will be noted that the state which is suitable for establishing the zero voltage difference between the two connection terminals BOC may, for example, be an open, non-conducting state. But this is not an obligation. Thus, as a variant this state could generate a bypass, for example and not limited to. [0062] But other types of power card CP can be used provided that they allow, when not in operation, the establishment of a zero voltage difference between the two connection terminals BOC of one end of the module MC.

[0063] Egalement par exemple, et comme illustré non limitativement sur la figure 4, le dispositif de refroidissement DR peut comprendre une face supérieure FS qui est orientée vers les modules MC et les traverses TB et qui est munie d’une couche de transfert de calories (ou « thermal pad ») CT. Il est rappelé qu’une telle couche de transfert de calories CT permet d’homogénéiser le transfert de calories entre deux surfaces, et donc d’améliorer le refroidissement des éléments situés à l’intérieur de l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB (et en particulier des modules MC). [0063] Also for example, and as illustrated non-limitingly in FIG. 4, the cooling device DR may comprise an upper face FS which is oriented towards the modules MC and the crosspieces TB and which is provided with a heat transfer layer (or “thermal pad”) CT. It is recalled that such a heat transfer layer CT makes it possible to homogenize the transfer of calories between two surfaces, and therefore to improve the cooling of the elements located inside the cellular battery assembly EB (and in particular the modules MC).

[0064] Egalement par exemple, et comme illustré non limitativement sur la figure 4, l'ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB peut aussi comprendre une plaque d’isolation électrique PIE placée au-dessus des modules MC et des lignes conductrices inter-modules LC. Cela permet d’éviter la génération de courts-circuits et d’éventuelles décharges de modules MC, par exemple par effet capacitif. [0064] Also for example, and as illustrated non-limitingly in FIG. 4, the cellular battery assembly EB may also comprise an electrical insulation plate PIE placed above the MC modules and the inter-module conductive lines LC. This makes it possible to avoid the generation of short circuits and possible discharges of MC modules, for example by capacitive effect.

[0065] En présence d’une telle plaque d’isolation électrique PIE, les cartes électroniques CE sont de préférence intercalées entre la face supérieure des modules MC et la plaque d’isolation électrique PIE. [0065] In the presence of such a PIE electrical insulation plate, the CE electronic cards are preferably interposed between the upper face of the MC modules and the PIE electrical insulation plate.

[0066] L’intervention de remplacement d’un module MC peut donc se dérouler comme suit. [0066] The intervention to replace an MC module can therefore take place as follows.

[0067] Dans une première étape, un technicien désolidarise la plaque de protection PP afin de la déplacer (voir figure 5). [0067] In a first step, a technician separates the PP protection plate in order to move it (see figure 5).

[0068] Dans une deuxième étape, le technicien dévisse les troisième vis qui assurent la fixation du dispositif de refroidissement DR (ici à la structure SB). [0068] In a second step, the technician unscrews the third screws which secure the DR cooling device (here to the SB structure).

[0069] Dans une troisième étape, le technicien déplace le dispositif de refroidissement DR, par exemple en l’entraînant en rotation vers le bas, lorsqu’une telle rotation est permise par l’agencement de l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire EB. [0070] Dans une quatrième étape, le technicien peut, par exemple, procéder à une vérification sécuritaire destinée à s’assurer de l’absence de tension au niveau des modules MC. A cet effet, on peut, par exemple, adjoindre au niveau de chaque carte de puissance CP une diode lumineuse chargée de générer des photons en présence d’une tension. [0069] In a third step, the technician moves the cooling device DR, for example by rotating it downwards, when such rotation is permitted by the arrangement of the cellular battery assembly EB. [0070] In a fourth step, the technician can, for example, carry out a safety check intended to ensure the absence of voltage at the MC modules. For this purpose, it is possible, for example, to add to each power card CP a light diode responsible for generating photons in the presence of a voltage.

[0071] Dans une cinquième étape, le technicien dévisse les deuxièmes vis V2 assurant la fixation des lignes conductrices inter-modules LC au module MC défaillant que l’on veut retirer. [0071] In a fifth step, the technician unscrews the second screws V2 ensuring the fixing of the inter-module conductive lines LC to the faulty MC module that is to be removed.

[0072] Dans une sixième étape, le technicien dévisse les premières vis V1 assurant la fixation aux traverses TB encadrant le module MC défaillant des pièces de bridage PB concernées, puis retire ces dernières (PB) afin de retirer le module MC défaillant. [0072] In a sixth step, the technician unscrews the first screws V1 ensuring the attachment to the crosspieces TB framing the faulty MC module of the clamping parts PB concerned, then removes the latter (PB) in order to remove the faulty MC module.

[0073] Pour procéder à l’installation d’un module MC de remplacement, on effectue les étapes décrites ci-avant dans l’ordre inverse. [0073] To install a replacement MC module, perform the steps described above in reverse order.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS [Revendication 1] Ensemble de batterie cellulaire (EB) propre à équiper un système (S) et comprenant au moins trois modules (MC) comportant chacun au moins deux cellules de stockage d’énergie électrique, et solidarisés fixement par des premières vis (V1 ) à des traverses (TB) les séparant et sous lesquelles est installé un dispositif de refroidissement (DR) placé au-dessus d’une plaque de protection (PP), caractérisé en ce que chaque module (MC) comporte deux extrémités opposées et munies chacune i) de deux bornes de connexion (BOC) respectivement connectées à des bornes de connexion (BOC) correspondantes de modules (MC) voisins via des lignes conductrices inter-modules (LC) solidarisées fixement par des deuxièmes vis (V2), et ii) d’une carte de puissance (CP) à laquelle sont couplées lesdites cellules et propre à instaurer hors fonctionnement une différence de tension nulle entre lesdites bornes de connexion (BOC), les têtes des premières et deuxièmes vis (V1 , V2) étant accessibles par le dessous de l’ensemble de batterie cellulaire (EB) afin de permettre un démontage dudit module (MC) par dévissage des premières (V1 ) et deuxièmes (V2) vis correspondantes, après déplacement desdits dispositif de refroidissement (DR) et plaque de protection (PP). [Claim 1] Cellular battery assembly (EB) suitable for equipping a system (S) and comprising at least three modules (MC) each comprising at least two electrical energy storage cells, and fixedly secured by first screws (V1) to crosspieces (TB) separating them and under which is installed a cooling device (DR) placed above a protection plate (PP), characterized in that each module (MC) has two opposite ends and each provided with i) two connection terminals (BOC) respectively connected to corresponding connection terminals (BOC) of neighboring modules (MC) via inter-module conductive lines (LC) fixedly secured by second screws (V2), and ii) a power card (CP) to which said cells are coupled and suitable for establishing, when not in operation, a zero voltage difference between said connection terminals (BOC), the heads of the first and second screws (V1, V2) being accessible by the below the cellular battery assembly (EB) in order to allow disassembly of said module (MC) by unscrewing the first (V1) and second (V2) corresponding screws, after moving said cooling device (DR) and protection plate (PP). [Revendication 2] Ensemble de batterie cellulaire selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu’il comprend une structure (SB) à laquelle est solidarisé fixement ledit dispositif de refroidissement (DR) par des troisièmes vis et à laquelle sont couplées lesdites traverses (TB). [Claim 2] Cellular battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a structure (SB) to which said cooling device (DR) is fixedly secured by third screws and to which said crosspieces (TB) are coupled. [Revendication 3] Ensemble de batterie cellulaire selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu’il comprend un mécanisme d’entraînement en rotation (MER) solidarisé fixement à ladite structure (SB) et auquel est couplé ledit dispositif de refroidissement (DR) afin de permettre son entraînement en rotation par rapport à ladite structure (SB) après un dévissage desdites troisièmes vis, pour démonter au moins un module (MC). [Claim 3] Cellular battery assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a rotation drive mechanism (MER) fixedly secured to said structure (SB) and to which said cooling device (DR) is coupled in order to allow it to be driven in rotation relative to said structure (SB) after unscrewing said third screws, to dismantle at least one module (MC). [Revendication 4] Ensemble de batterie cellulaire selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit mécanisme d’entraînement en rotation (MER) est agencé sous la forme d’au moins une charnière. [Claim 4] Cell battery assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that said rotational drive mechanism (MER) is arranged in the form of at least one hinge. [Revendication 5] Ensemble de batterie cellulaire selon l’une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite plaque de protection (PP) est solidarisée fixement à ladite structure (SB). [Claim 5] Cellular battery assembly according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that said protective plate (PP) is fixedly secured to said structure (SB). [Revendication 6] Ensemble de batterie cellulaire selon l’une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu’il comprend des pièces de bridage (PB) en nombre égal à un nombre de premières vis (V1 ) et placées chacune en-dessous d’une traverse (TB) située entre deux modules (MC) voisins en étant traversées chacune par une première vis (V1 ) correspondante pour brider ces modules (MC) sur cette traverse (TB). [Claim 6] Cellular battery assembly according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises clamping parts (PB) in a number equal to a number of first screws (V1) and each placed below a crosspiece (TB) located between two neighboring modules (MC), each being crossed by a corresponding first screw (V1) to clamp these modules (MC) on this crosspiece (TB). [Revendication 7] Ensemble de batterie cellulaire selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que lesdits modules (MC) et lesdites pièces de bridage (PB) sont placés contre ledit dispositif de refroidissement (DR). [Claim 7] Cellular battery assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that said modules (MC) and said clamping parts (PB) are placed against said cooling device (DR). [Revendication 8] Ensemble de batterie cellulaire selon l’une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que chaque carte de puissance (CP) définit un pont dit en H placé dans un état propre à instaurer ladite différence de tension nulle, lorsqu’il est hors fonctionnement, et en ce que lesdites cartes de puissance (CP) définissent ensemble un onduleur multiniveau distribué. [Claim 8] Cellular battery assembly according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each power card (CP) defines a so-called H-bridge placed in a state capable of establishing said zero voltage difference, when it is not operating, and in that said power cards (CP) together define a distributed multilevel inverter. [Revendication 9] Système (S), caractérisé en ce qu’il comprend au moins un ensemble de batterie cellulaire (EB) selon l’une des revendications 1 à 8. [Claim 9] System (S), characterized in that it comprises at least one cellular battery assembly (EB) according to one of claims 1 to 8. [Revendication 10] Système selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu’il constitue un véhicule ou un engin mobile. [Claim 10] System according to claim 9, characterized in that it constitutes a vehicle or a mobile machine.
PCT/FR2024/050984 2023-09-08 2024-07-17 Cellular battery assembly of simplified architecture facilitating replacement of internal elements, for a system WO2025052048A1 (en)

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FRFR2309446 2023-09-08
FR2309446A FR3152921A1 (en) 2023-09-08 2023-09-08 SIMPLIFIED CELLULAR BATTERY ASSEMBLY EASILY REPLACES INTERNAL ELEMENTS, FOR A SYSTEM

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2309446A1 (en) 1975-05-02 1976-11-26 Innocenti Santeustacchio Spa MANIPULATOR FOR DELIVERY OF STRIP COILS TO A UNWINDING STATION
US20150349390A1 (en) * 2013-02-18 2015-12-03 Hitachi Vehicle Energy, Ltd. Battery Block and Secondary Battery Module
US20230187793A1 (en) * 2020-05-19 2023-06-15 Saft Electrochemical element and corresponding battery
DE102020133641A1 (en) * 2020-12-16 2022-06-23 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle
EP4148843A1 (en) * 2021-09-10 2023-03-15 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Battery system and vehicle including the battery system

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