WO2025003875A1 - Ternary composition of spiromesifen, hexythiazox and abamectin - Google Patents
Ternary composition of spiromesifen, hexythiazox and abamectin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2025003875A1 WO2025003875A1 PCT/IB2024/056153 IB2024056153W WO2025003875A1 WO 2025003875 A1 WO2025003875 A1 WO 2025003875A1 IB 2024056153 W IB2024056153 W IB 2024056153W WO 2025003875 A1 WO2025003875 A1 WO 2025003875A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- abamectin
- hexythiazox
- compound
- dimethylbutyrate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- 239000005660 Abamectin Substances 0.000 title claims description 118
- 229950008167 abamectin Drugs 0.000 title claims description 118
- 239000005661 Hexythiazox Substances 0.000 title claims description 116
- XGWIJUOSCAQSSV-XHDPSFHLSA-N (S,S)-hexythiazox Chemical compound S([C@H]([C@@H]1C)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)C(=O)N1C(=O)NC1CCCCC1 XGWIJUOSCAQSSV-XHDPSFHLSA-N 0.000 title claims description 111
- IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 5u8924t11h Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)C[C@H](O[C@@H]2C(=C/C[C@@H]3C[C@@H](C[C@@]4(O3)C=C[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(C)C)O4)OC(=O)[C@@H]3C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]4OC\C([C@@]34O)=C/C=C/[C@@H]2C)/C)O[C@H]1C.C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 0.000 title claims description 110
- 239000005665 Spiromesifen Substances 0.000 title 1
- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical group CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 230000000361 pesticidal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 241001414989 Thysanoptera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000258937 Hemiptera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 153
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 103
- MLMQPDHYNJCQAO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3,3-dimethylbutanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC([O-])=O MLMQPDHYNJCQAO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 88
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 59
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000004546 suspension concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 35
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NSC2=C1 DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004548 suspo-emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- TVFWYUWNQVRQRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4-tris(2-phenylethenyl)phenol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(O)=CC=C1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 TVFWYUWNQVRQRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005687 PMMA-PEG Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001760 dimethyl sulfoxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940100555 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940100484 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001416152 Bos frontalis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005682 EO-PO block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KSQXVLVXUFHGJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium ortho-phenylphenate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 KSQXVLVXUFHGJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- WMGSQTMJHBYJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;magnesium;silicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] WMGSQTMJHBYJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001631 carbomer Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- DHNRXBZYEKSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethylisothiazolinone Chemical compound CN1SC(Cl)=CC1=O DHNRXBZYEKSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C.C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CSRCNKZJIYKJOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].O=C.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 CSRCNKZJIYKJOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940071676 hydroxypropylcellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BEGLCMHJXHIJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylisothiazolinone Chemical compound CN1SC=CC1=O BEGLCMHJXHIJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- CTYRPMDGLDAWRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 CTYRPMDGLDAWRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021003 saturated fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010294 sodium orthophenyl phenol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- HIEHAIZHJZLEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 HIEHAIZHJZLEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH2]O[SiH3] ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004150 EU approved colour Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229940006093 opthalmologic coloring agent diagnostic Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- VUAXHMVRKOTJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylbutyric acid Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)C(O)=O VUAXHMVRKOTJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000004495 emulsifiable concentrate Substances 0.000 description 22
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 231100000674 Phytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 11
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004534 Oil miscible flowable concentrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004490 capsule suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005874 Bifenthrin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 5
- 241001454293 Tetranychus urticae Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- OMFRMAHOUUJSGP-IRHGGOMRSA-N bifenthrin Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C)=C1COC(=O)[C@@H]1[C@H](\C=C(/Cl)C(F)(F)F)C1(C)C OMFRMAHOUUJSGP-IRHGGOMRSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011885 synergistic combination Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000003889 Piper guineense Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000500437 Plutella xylostella Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000985245 Spodoptera litura Species 0.000 description 4
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000895 acaricidal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000642 acaricide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013066 combination product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940127555 combination product Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZYHMJXZULPZUED-UHFFFAOYSA-N propargite Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OC1C(OS(=O)OCC#C)CCCC1 ZYHMJXZULPZUED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003044 randomized block design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000241235 Citrullus lanatus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000255967 Helicoverpa zea Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000488583 Panonychus ulmi Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000004507 Abelmoschus esculentus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000234282 Allium Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005254 Allium ampeloprasum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000006108 Allium ampeloprasum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003276 Apios tuberosa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010744 Arachis villosulicarpa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001034435 Brevipalpus obovatus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000661333 Chilo infuscatellus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001364933 Chrysodeixis eriosoma Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001414720 Cicadellidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000007154 Coffea arabica Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001517923 Douglasiidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000353522 Earias insulana Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001147381 Helicoverpa armigera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010702 Insulata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000165077 Insulata Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000133018 Panax trifolius Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000952063 Polyphagotarsonemus latus Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000047670 Viola x wittrockiana Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004031 Viola x wittrockiana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016213 coffee Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004491 dispersible concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004492 dustable powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004497 emulsifiable granule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004499 emulsifiable powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004500 emulsion for seed treatment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004536 oil dispersible powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004533 oil dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004535 oil miscible liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021251 pulses Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004550 soluble concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004551 spreading oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020354 squash Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004565 water dispersible tablet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- RPABADYMEMUBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-one Chemical compound C1CC(=O)CCC11OCCC1 RPABADYMEMUBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000000452 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010016219 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001167029 Amrasca biguttula Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010018763 Biotin carboxylase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001391235 Biston suppressaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219198 Brassica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011331 Brassica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004936 Bromus mango Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000294063 Cacopsylla bidens Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004160 Capsicum annuum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465828 Cecidomyiidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007129 Cuminum cyminum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000304337 Cuminum cyminum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 description 1
- QWCKQJZIFLGMSD-GSVOUGTGSA-N D-alpha-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound CC[C@@H](N)C(O)=O QWCKQJZIFLGMSD-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000162400 Dicladispa armigera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000086608 Empoasca vitis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000488563 Eotetranychus carpini Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005656 Fenazaquin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000208152 Geranium Species 0.000 description 1
- 108050006905 Glutamate-Gated Chloride Channel Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000345510 Helopeltis antonii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001087269 Hispa Species 0.000 description 1
- 101001018064 Homo sapiens Lysosomal-trafficking regulator Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000667110 Homo sapiens Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 13B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001495448 Impatiens <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000256602 Isoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000207923 Lamiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255777 Lepidoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000086074 Leucinodes orbonalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001520143 Liriomyza trifolii Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100033472 Lysosomal-trafficking regulator Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014826 Mangifera indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001232130 Maruca testulalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000993151 Melanagromyza obtusa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001143352 Meloidogyne Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005561 Musa balbisiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000819999 Nymphes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000488557 Oligonychus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001012098 Omiodes indicata Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007377 Petunia x hybrida Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001249127 Scirpophaga Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000365764 Scirtothrips dorsalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209056 Secale Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007238 Secale cereale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000256251 Spodoptera frugiperda Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009184 Spondias indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005658 Tebufenpyrad Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000339374 Thrips tabaci Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019714 Triticale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000042295 Vigna mungo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006085 Vigna mungo var mungo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010721 Vigna radiata var radiata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- RRZXIRBKKLTSOM-XPNPUAGNSA-N avermectin B1a Chemical class C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 RRZXIRBKKLTSOM-XPNPUAGNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021015 bananas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013142 basic testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007957 coemulsifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011284 combination treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036253 epinasty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DMYHGDXADUDKCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenazaquin Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1CCOC1=NC=NC2=CC=CC=C12 DMYHGDXADUDKCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004507 flowable concentrates for seed treatment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003966 growth inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- WIFXJBMOTMKRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N halfenprox Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC(F)(F)Br)C=CC=1C(C)(C)COCC(C=1)=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 WIFXJBMOTMKRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930190166 impatien Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- PEQJBOMPGWYIRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-3,4-dimethoxyaniline Chemical class CCNC1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 PEQJBOMPGWYIRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100001184 nonphytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002611 ovarian Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RCMHUQGSSVZPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxybenzene;phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 RCMHUQGSSVZPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004493 powder for dry seed treatment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009528 severe injury Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007944 soluble tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZZYSLNWGKKDOML-UHFFFAOYSA-N tebufenpyrad Chemical compound CCC1=NN(C)C(C(=O)NCC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)=C1Cl ZZYSLNWGKKDOML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001984 thiazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004560 ultra-low volume (ULV) liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004555 ultra-low volume (ULV) suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004549 water soluble granule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004552 water soluble powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004554 water soluble tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000228158 x Triticosecale Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P7/00—Arthropodicides
- A01P7/04—Insecticides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to synergistic pesticidal composition for the protection of various crops, plants against pests including mites, whitefly and thrips, process of preparation and use thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising A) Compound of Formula I, chemically known as 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; B) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; and C) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives for synergistic and effective control of various pests including mites and thrips.
- A) Compound of Formula I chemically known as 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4
- the present invention also relates to a process for preparation of such pesticidal composition for synergistic and efficacious control of various pests including mites, whitefly and thrips.
- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Pests are one of the worst enemies of crops. They cause severe damages to the crops resulting in reduced crop productivity. In heavily infested areas 80 to 90 percent crop damages has been reported. In agrarian countries like India, it badly impacts the economy of the country. Controlling crop pest population has been a major issue and various traditional and advanced means are being used to minimize the damage caused by various pests. In most cases, solo and binary formulations of insecticides and acaricides are used to control pests, particularly insects. Pest resistance, is the most major pest control problem in agriculture.
- the combination of various actives and auxiliaries is a common method for preventing and controlling resistant pests. Different actives are compounded, and the actual application effect determines whether the composition has synergism, addition, or antagonism.
- the biological properties of known compounds are not entirely satisfactory in the areas of pest control, phytotoxicity, environmental and worker exposure, for example, it has been observed that the pests become resistant to pesticides which are at times administered in higher dosages to achieve the desired control, thereby leading to soil toxicity and other environmental hazards besides higher costs. Thus, it is always preferable to be able to reduce the amount of chemical agents released into the environment while still ensuring effective pest control. Although various pest control agent combinations have been studied, a high synergistic action has not always been found.
- CN103621528 discloses a mite-killing composition, comprising an active component A and an active component B, wherein the active component A is Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl- 2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate
- the active component B is any one compound selected from the following components: tebufenpyrad, Hexythiazox, fenazaquin and halfenprox, and the weight ratio of the active component A to the active component B is 1:70 to 70:1.
- CN101530075A relates to a micro-emulsion composition comprising Abamectin and Hexythiazox and its preparation method.
- CN1751572A discloses a mite-killing composition in the form of microemulsion, emulsified oil, solution, or suspension contains Abamectin and Hexythiazox in weight ratio of 1: (2-14).
- the biological properties of these mixtures of known compounds are not completely satisfactory in the field of pest control, phytotoxicity.
- pests are evolving a resistance to pesticides, which are frequently used at higher dosages to achieve the desired control, causing a risk to the environment and increasing costs.
- present invention aims to overcome the problems of the prior art and provide a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising bioactive amounts of A) compound of Formula I, i.e.
- the main objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic pesticidal composition for pest control of plants, crops including various types of mites, thrips and aphids. It is another objective of the present invention to provide improved, stable and ready to use pesticidal composition having synergistic and superior properties compared to prior art formulations or mixtures or compositions. It is yet another objective of the present invention to provide a pesticidal composition for synergistic and effective control of various types of mites, whitefly and thrips.
- Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a stable synergistic pesticidal composition
- the synergistic combination of the present invention resulted in significantly lower incidence of mites in various crops including Tea as compared to the other treatments and untreated check. 2.
- the synergistic combination of the present invention is significantly superior and synergistic from its individual product specifically manufactured by inventor at equal dose or readily available in market in controlling the mite incidence after first and second spray in various crops including Tea. 3.
- the synergistic combination of the present invention provides higher marketable green leaf yields as compared to the untreated control and binary and solo treatments applied in the various crops including Tea. Also found economical with higher Cost: Benefit Ratio. 4. The synergistic combination shows no phyto-toxicity effect on various crops including Tea. 5. The results of experiments indicate that the synergistic combination is highly effective in controlling insects and increasing production of fruits including for Tea crop at lower doses of the products in the combination, thus the invention will be cost effective and safer to the environment.
- the present invention relates to a synergistic pesticidal composition
- a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising: A) compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; B) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; and C) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives for synergistic and effective control of various pests including mites and thrips.
- the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives and
- the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e.
- the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e.
- the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e.
- the present pesticidal composition is stable and has enhanced shelf life.
- composition of present invention not only has enhances bio-efficacy and provides synergistic effect but also gives control of pests for a longer duration as compared to solo and binary formulations of insecticides and acaricides.
- Compound of Formula I i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate is an insecticide belongs to the class of tetronic acid. It is non-systemic and inhibits acetyl CoA carboxylase and is used for controlling whiteflies and mites including the two-spotted spidermite, grass mite, broad mite on fruits, vegetables and ornamental plants.
- the mechanism of action of the mite-killing agent is to influence the development of whiteflies and mites, interfere the biosynthesis of liposome of the whiteflies and particularly have good activity on larva stages, and simultaneously can generate the closing action of ovarian ducts, reduce the reproductive capacity of adult mites and whiteflies and greatly reduce the number of eggs laid.
- Indoor and field experiments prove that the it is safe to beneficial organisms, is suitable for comprehensive control of pests, has excellent residual effect, good plant compatibility and is safe to the environment.
- the structure is as shown below: Hexythiazox is a thiazolidine insecticide with high activity. It is used for the control of eggs and larvae of many mites on a wide variety of food crops.
- the contact killing effect is strong, and the plant epidermal penetration is good, but the systemic conduction effect is not generated.
- the insecticidal action is very selective. It has good effect on young mites, nymphs and eggs of various tetranychids, has poor effect on adult mites, but has the effect of inhibiting hatching of eggs laid by female adult mites contacting with the medicament. It is non- systemic with contact and stomach action. It is a mite growth inhibitor affecting CHS1.
- the structure of Hexythiazox is as shown below: Abamectin is an insecticide belongs to the class of avermectin. It has a low aqueous solubility and is not volatile. It does not tend to be persistent in the environment.
- the action mechanism is to stimulate the release of a nerve transmission medium, namely r-aminobutyric acid, and interfere normal neurophysiological activities.
- a nerve transmission medium namely r-aminobutyric acid
- This insecticide works by binding to glutamate-gated chloride channels in the nerve cells of pests, leading to an increase in chloride ion influx. Its systemic and translaminar properties allow it to move within plant tissues, providing extended protection against pests that feed on treated vegetation.
- Abamectin is adsorbed by soil in soil and cannot move and is decomposed by microorganisms, so that the abamectin has no accumulation effect in the environment and can be used as a component of comprehensive control.
- the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: 9 a) compound of Formula I, i.e.
- the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e.
- the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e.
- the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e.
- the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 15% by weight of the composition; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 2.2% by weight of the composition; and c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 1.15% by weight of the composition.
- compound of Formula I i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 15% by weight of the composition
- the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 20 % by weight of the composition; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 3.0 % by weight of the composition; and c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 0.50% by weight of the composition
- the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e.
- the pesticidal composition of present invention can be applied to a plant/crop/soil by spraying, rubbing, atomizing, irrigating, evaporating, dusting, fogging, broadcasting, pouring, mist blowing, soil mixing, foaming, painting, spreading-on, drenching, dipping or drip irrigation.
- the present pesticidal composition can be applied to various crops and plants including Apple, Chilli, Tea, Cotton, Rose (Ornamental), Grapes, wheat, soyabean, rice, ground nut, pulses including black gram, paddy and vegetables including but not limited to okra, tomato, Brinjal, citrus, sugar beet, pears, egg-plants, lettuce, iceberg lettuce, pepper, cucumber, squash, melon, bean, dry-beans, peas, leek, garlic, onion, cabbage, carrot, cluster bean , tuber such as potato, sugar cane, tobacco, watermelon ,coffee, turf and forage, cruciferous, cucurbits, grapevines, tea, pepper, fodder beet, oil seed rape, pansy, impatiens, petunia, menthe, jute and geranium, etc. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the present pesticidal composition provides synergistic and effective
- the present pesticidal composition can be formulated as one or more of Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Dustable powder (DP), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsifiable granule (EG), Emulsion water-in-oil (EO), Emulsifiable powder (EP), Emulsion for seed treatment (ES), Emulsion oil-in-water (EW), Flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Granules (GR), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil-dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Oil dispersible powder (OP), Suspension concentrate (SC), Suspension concentrate for direct application (SD), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water soluble granule (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Spreading oil (SO), Water soluble powder (SP), Water soluble tablet (ST), Ultra-low volume (ULV) suspension,
- CS Capsule
- the synergistic pesticidal composition is formulated either as Suspension concentrate (SC) or Suspo-emulsion (SE) or Micro-emulsion (ME).
- SC Suspension concentrate
- SE Suspo-emulsion
- ME Micro-emulsion
- the synergistic pesticidal composition is formulated either as a Suspension Concentrate (SC) or Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) or a mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC).
- the pesticidal composition is formulated as Suspension Concentrate (SC).
- the synergistic pesticidal composition is formulated as Suspo-emulsion (SE).
- the synergistic pesticidal composition is formulated as micro-emulsion (ME).
- ME micro-emulsion
- the composition of the present invention are effective in controlling broad spectrum of pests in various plants/crops including but not limited to paddy, sugarcane, cotton, cabbage, cauliflower, tobacco, groundnut , wheat, onion, rose , grapes, tomatoes, chilli, brinjal, okra (Bhindi), cumin, Mango, potatoes, leafy vegetables, oil crops, soybean, flowering ornamentals vine crops and fruit trees.
- composition of the present invention are effective in controlling broad spectrum of pests but not limited to bollworms, Whitefly, aphids, Jassids, thrips, Fruit borer ( Helicoverpa armigera ), Thrips ( Scirtothrips dorsalis), Shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis), Thrips (Thrips tabaci), leaf miner (Liriomyza trifolii), Chilli Yellow Mite, Scarlet mite (Breviapalpus phoenicis), Maruca vitrata, Pink Boll Worm, Whiteflies, Jassids (Amrasca devastans), Diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella) & Tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura), Yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulus), mites, Red spider mites (Tetranychus urticae, oligonychus cofeeaea), Boll worms, Diamond back moth,
- the pesticidal composition of the present invention further comprises one or more agrochemically acceptable excipients including but not limited to the group comprising surfactant/dispersing agent(s)[ionic/anioinic/non-ionic], defoamer or anti- freezing agent(s), emulsifier(s), co-emulsifier(s), safener(s), anti-foaming agent/defoamer(s), wetting agent(s), suspension aid(s), antimicrobial/anti-bacterial agent(s), thickening agent/thickener(s)/rheology modifier, quick coating agent(s) or sticking agents/sticker(s), spreader(s), binder(s), anti-caking agent(s), pH adjusting agent(s), adjuvant(s), filler(s), colorant(s), buffering agent(s), solvent(s
- agrochemically acceptable excipients including but not limited to the group comprising surfactant/dispersing agent(s)[ionic/anioin
- Additional components may also be included, e.g., protective colloids, adhesives, thixotropic agents, penetration agents, stabilisers, sequestering agents. More generally, the active materials can be combined with any solid or liquid carrier/additive, which complies with usual formulation techniques.
- dispersing agent used herein examples include but not limited to polyaryl phenyl ether phosphate, tristyryl phenol ethylated, acrylic copolymer, ethoxylated tristryl phenol Sulphate, naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensate with formaldehyde, ethoxylated oleyl cetyl alcohol, polyalkelene glycol ether, ethoxylated fatty alcohol, sodium polymethyl methacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium lignosulphonate, Sodium naphthalene formaldehyde condensate , calcium lignosulphonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, polycarboxylate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alcohol polyglycol ether , Polymethyl methacrylate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonateformaldehyde condensate, Ethan
- wetting agents used herein include but not limited to tristyrylphenol ethoxylate non- ionic emulsifier, mixture of non-ionic surfactants , alkoxylated alcohol, block copolymer, alcohol polyglycol ether, alkyl olefin sulphates, dioctyl sulpho succinate, alkyl naphthalene sulphate, alkyl phenol ethoxylates, tri-styrenated phenol ethoxylate, EO/PO block co-polymers, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium ligno sulphates Ethanol 2,2,2 -nitrilotris with alpha-(2,4,6-tris(1- phenylethyl)phenyl)- omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) phosphate, Polyethylene Polypropylene glycol mono butyl ether Alkyl phenol Polyethanoxy Ether, 2-2
- defoamer or antifoaming agent used herein include but not limited to silicon emulsion based anti-foam agents, Siloxane polyalkyleneoxide, Polydimethylsiloxane, Polydimethylsiloxane ,trisiloxane ethoxylates, Glycerol ,silicone oil, silicone compound, C10 ⁇ C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8 ⁇ C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.5-2.0% % by weight of the total composition.
- Anti-freezing agent used herein include but not limited to glycol, propylene glycol, mono ethylene glycol, glycerine, diethylene glycol, sorbitol, urea, mannitol, polyethylene glycol or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 2.0-12 % by weight of the total composition.
- anti-bacterial or anti-microbial agents used herein include but not limited to 1,2- benzisothiazolin-3-one, formaldehyde, sodium benzoate/Sodium o-phenylphenate, 5-chloro-2- methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2- methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, potassium sorbate or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-2.0 % by weight of the composition.
- Rheology modifiers are sometimes referred to as thickeners or thickening agents, but they do much more than just thicken a formulation. A good rheology modifier structures the formulation but when a force is applied it becomes flowable and easily poured.
- Rheology modifier or thickeners or thickening agents used herein include but not limited to polysaccharides, carboxymethyl cellulose, bentonite clay, aluminium magnesium silicate, hydroxy propyl cellulose, xanthan gum, gum arabic, gaur gum, carbomer, chitosan, precipitated silica or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-2.5 % by weight of the composition.
- Emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of a nonionic surfactant of ethoxylated fatty acid type, such as ethoxylated fatty acid mono-, di- or triglycerides or ethoxylated dialkyl sulfosuccinate, Tri-styrenated phenol ethoxylate , Blend of Calcium Alkyl benzene sulphonate and Tri-styrenated phenol ethxylate an alkylaryl sulfonate, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene castor oil and a polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil., ethoxylated fatty alcohol type or a block copolymer comprising one or more alkylene oxide block type or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-25 % by weight of the composition.
- ethoxylated fatty alcohol type or a block copolymer comprising one
- Solvent is selected from the group comprising heavy aromatic hydrocarbon, N methyl pyrollidone(NMP), Di methyl sulfoxide (DMSO) , N- alcohol, alkyl amide, vegetable oil, mineral oil, aromatic solvents, water or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-20 % by weight of the composition.
- An adjuvant used in the present invention is any material that is added to an agrochemical formulation to enhance or modify the performance of the formulation.
- An adjuvants used in the present invention to make it a safer to ecological environmental, having low toxicity and having no phytotoxicity effects on any part of the plant.
- the kit-of-parts comprises an instructions manual, said instructions manual comprising instructions directing a user to admix the components before being used.
- composition of the present invention can also comprise or may be applied together and/or sequentially with further active compounds.
- further compounds can be selected from fertilizers or micronutrient donors or microorganisms or other preparations that influence plant growth, such as inoculants (e.g. a strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria), and plant inducers.
- the composition according to the present invention acts synergistically to control pests in various crops.
- the composition of present invention is highly safe to the user and to the environment.
- the composition offers the user a single homogenous application eliminating the need for tank mix.
- the composition also is cost-effective as it provides much greater simultaneous control and can be used in a variety of crops with a broader spectrum of protection.
- composition of this invention is provided below and is not to be construed as limiting in any manner:
- compositions according to the invention include but are not limited to: a broadening of the spectrum of pesticidal activity to other pests, for example to resistant strains; a reduction in the rate of application of the active ingredients; adequate control of the pests at a rate of application at which the individual compounds are not very effective, advantageous behaviour during formulating and/or upon application, improved stability, improved crop characteristics including crop yields, more developed root system, increase in plant health including height, improved plant vigor, less plant verse (lodging), and other advantages familiar to a person skilled in the art.
- a synergistically effective amount or an effective amount of a synergistic composition or combination is an amount that exhibits greater pesticidal activity than the sum of the pesticidal activities of the individual components. Synergism was calculated by using Colby’s method (Weeds, vol.15 No.1 (Jan 1967), pp.20-2.
- E represents expected percentage of pesticidal control for the combination of the two or three active ingredients at defined doses (for example equal to x, y and z, respectively).
- X is the percentage of pesticidal control observed by the compound (Compound of Formula I, i.e.
- Y is the percentage of pesticidal control observed by the compound (Hexythiazox) at a defined dose (equal to y).
- Z is the percentage of pesticidal control observed by the compound (Abamectin) at a defined dose (equal to z).
- Table 1 Synergistic effect of combination product of the present invention (Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin) against Mites population in Tea crop Observed Expected S. Colby Treatment Ratio per cent per cent No. Ratio control control T1 Compound of Formula I, i.e.
- the yield of Green tea leaves also improved in the ternary combination of Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC as compared to binary and solo components (Table 3).
- Reasons of higher crop yield may be due to better control of target insects.
- the disclosed combination Compound of Formula I i.e.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to synergistic pesticidal composition for the protection of various crops, plants against pests including mites, whitefly and thrips, process of preparation and use thereof.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to synergistic pesticidal composition for the protection of various crops, plants against pests including mites, whitefly and thrips, process of preparation and use thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising A) Compound of Formula I, chemically known as 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; B) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; and C) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives for synergistic and effective control of various pests including mites and thrips. The present invention also relates to a process for preparation of such pesticidal composition for synergistic and efficacious control of various pests including mites, whitefly and thrips. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Pests are one of the worst enemies of crops. They cause severe damages to the crops resulting in reduced crop productivity. In heavily infested areas 80 to 90 percent crop damages has been reported. In agrarian countries like India, it badly impacts the economy of the country. Controlling crop pest population has been a major issue and various traditional and advanced means are being used to minimize the damage caused by various pests. In most cases, solo and binary formulations of insecticides and acaricides are used to control pests, particularly insects. Pest resistance, is the most major pest control problem in agriculture. The combination of various actives and auxiliaries is a common method for preventing and controlling resistant pests. Different actives are compounded, and the actual application effect determines whether the composition has synergism, addition, or antagonism. The biological properties of known compounds are not entirely satisfactory in the areas of pest control, phytotoxicity, environmental and worker exposure, for example, it has been observed that the pests become resistant to pesticides which are at times administered in higher dosages to achieve the desired control, thereby leading to soil toxicity and other environmental hazards besides higher costs. Thus, it is always preferable to be able to reduce the amount of chemical agents released into the environment while still ensuring effective pest control. Although various pest control agent
combinations have been studied, a high synergistic action has not always been found. There is however a need for improvement of these combinations. There are various prior arts which disclose compositions comprising combination of pesticides including acaricides, insecticides having Abamectin combined with other insecticides, acaricides. Some of such prior arts are listed below: CN103621528 discloses a mite-killing composition, comprising an active component A and an active component B, wherein the active component A is Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl- 2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical, the active component B is any one compound selected from the following components: tebufenpyrad, Hexythiazox, fenazaquin and halfenprox, and the weight ratio of the active component A to the active component B is 1:70 to 70:1. CN101530075A relates to a micro-emulsion composition comprising Abamectin and Hexythiazox and its preparation method. CN1751572A discloses a mite-killing composition in the form of microemulsion, emulsified oil, solution, or suspension contains Abamectin and Hexythiazox in weight ratio of 1: (2-14). However, the biological properties of these mixtures of known compounds are not completely satisfactory in the field of pest control, phytotoxicity. In particular, it has been noted that pests are evolving a resistance to pesticides, which are frequently used at higher dosages to achieve the desired control, causing a risk to the environment and increasing costs. Hence, there is a need to develop a cost-effective synergistic composition which addresses the problem of resistance and soil toxicity and also is used at reduced dosages, controls environmental damage, offers broader crop protection, improved and healthy foliage, rainfastedness, improved crop yield, saves labour and control against various pests including insect pests, improves plant growth and is yet cost effective to the end user.
Therefore, present invention aims to overcome the problems of the prior art and provide a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising bioactive amounts of A) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; B) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; and C) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives for synergistic and effective control of various pests including mites, whitefly and thrips.. OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the main objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic pesticidal composition for pest control of plants, crops including various types of mites, thrips and aphids. It is another objective of the present invention to provide improved, stable and ready to use pesticidal composition having synergistic and superior properties compared to prior art formulations or mixtures or compositions. It is yet another objective of the present invention to provide a pesticidal composition for synergistic and effective control of various types of mites, whitefly and thrips. Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a stable synergistic pesticidal composition comprising A) compound of Formula I, chemically known as 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; B) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; and C) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives for synergistic and effective control of various pests including mites and thrips. Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a stable synergistic pesticidal composition that promotes plant health, growth and increases plant, crop yield in the field. Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a composition and method for controlling various mites, whitefly and thrips in plants, crops and plant propagation materials.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide one shot application of novel and effective synergistic pesticidal composition for killing/ controlling highly resistant mites, whitefly and thrips at lower application rates. It is another objective of the present invention to provide a novel and effective synergistic pesticidal composition which is environmentally safe, possesses broad spectrum bio-efficacy, is non-phytotoxic. It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a novel and effective synergistic pesticidal composition, which has improved stability during the desired shelf life at various temperature and pH conditions. It is another objective of the present invention to provide a novel and effective stable synergistic pesticidal composition, which is economically more beneficial. Advantages of the Present Invention: 1. The synergistic combination of the present invention resulted in significantly lower incidence of mites in various crops including Tea as compared to the other treatments and untreated check. 2. The synergistic combination of the present invention is significantly superior and synergistic from its individual product specifically manufactured by inventor at equal dose or readily available in market in controlling the mite incidence after first and second spray in various crops including Tea. 3. The synergistic combination of the present invention provides higher marketable green leaf yields as compared to the untreated control and binary and solo treatments applied in the various crops including Tea. Also found economical with higher Cost: Benefit Ratio. 4. The synergistic combination shows no phyto-toxicity effect on various crops including Tea.
5. The results of experiments indicate that the synergistic combination is highly effective in controlling insects and increasing production of fruits including for Tea crop at lower doses of the products in the combination, thus the invention will be cost effective and safer to the environment. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention relates to a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising: A) compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; B) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; and C) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives for synergistic and effective control of various pests including mites and thrips. In one embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives and In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives and d) One or more agrochemically acceptable excipients. In another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives, in the range of 0.1-30% by weight of the composition;
b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives in the range of 0.1-10% by weight of the composition; and c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives in the range of 0.1- 10% by weight of the composition In one another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives, in the range of 0.1-30% by weight of the composition; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives in the range of 0.1-10% by weight of the composition; c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives in the range of 0.1- 10% by weight of the composition; and d) One or more agrochemically acceptable excipients. In one embodiment of the present invention, the present pesticidal composition is stable and has enhanced shelf life. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In describing the embodiments of the invention, specific terminology is resorted for sake of clarity. However, it is not intended that the invention be limited to specific terms so selected and it is to be understood that each specific term includes all technical equivalents that operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar purpose. It has been observed by the inventors of the present invention that the composition of present invention not only has enhances bio-efficacy and provides synergistic effect but also gives control of pests for a longer duration as compared to solo and binary formulations of insecticides and acaricides. Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate is an insecticide belongs to the class of tetronic acid. It is non-systemic and inhibits acetyl CoA
carboxylase and is used for controlling whiteflies and mites including the two-spotted spidermite, grass mite, broad mite on fruits, vegetables and ornamental plants. The mechanism of action of the mite-killing agent is to influence the development of whiteflies and mites, interfere the biosynthesis of liposome of the whiteflies and particularly have good activity on larva stages, and simultaneously can generate the closing action of ovarian ducts, reduce the reproductive capacity of adult mites and whiteflies and greatly reduce the number of eggs laid. Indoor and field experiments prove that the it is safe to beneficial organisms, is suitable for comprehensive control of pests, has excellent residual effect, good plant compatibility and is safe to the environment. The structure is as shown below:
Hexythiazox is a thiazolidine insecticide with high activity. It is used for the control of eggs and larvae of many mites on a wide variety of food crops. The contact killing effect is strong, and the plant epidermal penetration is good, but the systemic conduction effect is not generated. The insecticidal action is very selective. It has good effect on young mites, nymphs and eggs of various tetranychids, has poor effect on adult mites, but has the effect of inhibiting hatching of eggs laid by female adult mites contacting with the medicament. It is non- systemic with contact and stomach action. It is a mite growth inhibitor affecting CHS1. The structure of Hexythiazox is as shown below:
Abamectin is an insecticide belongs to the class of avermectin. It has a low aqueous solubility and is not volatile. It does not tend to be persistent in the environment. The action mechanism is to stimulate the release of a nerve transmission medium, namely r-aminobutyric acid, and interfere normal neurophysiological activities. This insecticide works by binding to glutamate-gated chloride channels in the nerve cells of pests, leading to an increase in chloride ion influx. Its systemic and translaminar properties allow it to move within plant tissues, providing extended protection against pests that feed on treated vegetation. Abamectin is adsorbed by soil in soil and cannot move and is decomposed by microorganisms, so that the abamectin has no accumulation effect in the environment and can be used as a component of comprehensive control. It mainly controls phytiphagus mites, leafminers, cockroachers, ants, pear psylla, nematodes including Meloidogyne species. It is used in wide variety of crops. It is used to kill insect pests in ornamental plants; fruit including citrus, pears, tomatoes, watermelon; Cotton; vegetable crops including eggplant, curcubits, beans. The structure of Abamectin is as shown below:
In one embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: 9
a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; and c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives; and d) One or more agrochemically acceptable excipients. In another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives, in the range of 0.1-30% by weight of the composition; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives in the range of 0.1-10% by weight of the composition; and c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives in the range of 0.1- 10% by weight of the composition In one another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives, in the range of 0.1-30% by weight of the composition; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives in the range of 0.1-10% by weight of the composition; c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives in the range of 0.1- 10% by weight of the composition; and d) One or more agrochemically acceptable excipients.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 15% by weight of the composition; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 2.2% by weight of the composition; and c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 1.15% by weight of the composition. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 20 % by weight of the composition; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 3.0 % by weight of the composition; and c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 0.50% by weight of the composition In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition comprises: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 18 % by weight of the composition; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 5.0 % by weight of the composition; and c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives as 1.25% by weight of the composition. In another embodiment of the present invention, it is provided a process for preparation of the synergistic pesticidal composition comprising:
a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives, in the range of 0.1-30% by weight of the composition; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives in the range of 0.1-10% by weight of the composition; and c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters and derivatives in the range of 0.1- 10% by weight of the composition In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising active ingredients present in the weight % range as given below: Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1- Hexythiazox or its Abamectin or its oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) agrochemically agrochemically acceptable 3,3-dimethylbutyrate or its acceptable salts, esters salts, esters and derivatives agrochemically acceptable and derivatives salts, esters and derivatives 0.1-30% 0.1-10% 0.1-10% In one aspect/ another embodiment, the pesticidal composition of present invention can be applied to a plant/crop/soil by spraying, rubbing, atomizing, irrigating, evaporating, dusting, fogging, broadcasting, pouring, mist blowing, soil mixing, foaming, painting, spreading-on, drenching, dipping or drip irrigation. etc. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the present pesticidal composition can be applied to various crops and plants including Apple, Chilli, Tea, Cotton, Rose (Ornamental), Grapes, wheat, soyabean, rice, ground nut, pulses including black gram, paddy and vegetables including but not limited to okra, tomato, Brinjal, citrus, sugar beet, pears, egg-plants, lettuce, iceberg lettuce, pepper, cucumber, squash, melon, bean, dry-beans, peas, leek, garlic, onion, cabbage, carrot, cluster bean , tuber such as potato, sugar cane, tobacco, watermelon ,coffee, turf and forage, cruciferous, cucurbits, grapevines, tea, pepper, fodder beet, oil seed rape, pansy, impatiens, petunia, menthe, jute and geranium, etc
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the present pesticidal composition provides synergistic and effective control of various pests including thrips, white flies and mites such as Red spider mites (Tetranychus urticae), Chilli Yellow Mite, Scarlet mite, European Red Mite etc. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the present pesticidal composition can be formulated as one or more of Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Dustable powder (DP), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsifiable granule (EG), Emulsion water-in-oil (EO), Emulsifiable powder (EP), Emulsion for seed treatment (ES), Emulsion oil-in-water (EW), Flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Granules (GR), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil-dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Oil dispersible powder (OP), Suspension concentrate (SC), Suspension concentrate for direct application (SD), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water soluble granule (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Spreading oil (SO), Water soluble powder (SP), Water soluble tablet (ST), Ultra-low volume (ULV) suspension, Tablet (TB), Ultra-low volume (ULV) liquid, Water dispersible granules (WG), Wettable powder (WP), Water dispersible powder for slurry seed treatment (WS), Water dispersible tablet (WT), a mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC) or a mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE) and a mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW). In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition is formulated either as Suspension concentrate (SC) or Suspo-emulsion (SE) or Micro-emulsion (ME). In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic pesticidal composition is formulated either as a Suspension Concentrate (SC) or Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) or a mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC). In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pesticidal composition is formulated as Suspension Concentrate (SC). In yet another preferred embodiment, the synergistic pesticidal composition is formulated as Suspo-emulsion (SE). In yet another preferred embodiment, the synergistic pesticidal composition is formulated as micro-emulsion (ME).
The composition of the present invention are effective in controlling broad spectrum of pests in various plants/crops including but not limited to paddy, sugarcane, cotton, cabbage, cauliflower, tobacco, groundnut , wheat, onion, rose , grapes, tomatoes, chilli, brinjal, okra (Bhindi), cumin, Mango, potatoes, leafy vegetables, oil crops, soybean, flowering ornamentals vine crops and fruit trees. , soybean, barley, oats, rye, triticale, bananas, sunflower, potatoes, pasture, alfalfa, grasses, turf, sorghum, rapeseed, Brassica spp., sugar beet, citrus, pears, watermelon, egg-plants, lettuce, iceberg lettuce, pepper, cucumber, squash, melon, bean, dry-beans, peas, leek, garlic, carrot, tobacco, coffee, Tea ,apple, Grains Millet, Pulses Dry Fruits,Nuts Spices & Oil Seeds ,turf and forage, cruciferous, cucurbits, grapevines, pepper, fodder beet, oil seed rape, pansy. The composition of the present invention are effective in controlling broad spectrum of pests but not limited to bollworms, Whitefly, aphids, Jassids, thrips, Fruit borer ( Helicoverpa armigera ), Thrips ( Scirtothrips dorsalis), Shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis), Thrips (Thrips tabaci), leaf miner (Liriomyza trifolii), Chilli Yellow Mite, Scarlet mite (Breviapalpus phoenicis), Maruca vitrata, Pink Boll Worm, Whiteflies, Jassids (Amrasca devastans), Diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella) & Tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura), Yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulus), mites, Red spider mites (Tetranychus urticae, oligonychus cofeeaea), Boll worms, Diamond back moth, Pod borer, Gundhibug, Stem fly, Pod fly, Rice Hispa, Green leaf hopper, Gall midge, Semilooper, Tea looper, Fall armyworm, Bollworms complex, Shoot fly, Tea mosquito bug, Stem fly, Leafeating caterpillar, Yellow Mites(Polyphagotarsonemus latus), Fruit borer (Spodoptera litura & Helicoverpa armigera), European Red Mite (Panonychus ulmi),Leaf folder, Shoot and CapsuleBorer, Green semi looper, Girdle beetle & Tobacco caterpillar Leaf folder & Hispa, Leaf worm, stem borer, leaf folder, termite, early & top shoot borer, diamond back moth, Green Semiloopers, Stem fly, Girdle beetle, pod borer and fruit & shoot borer and various Lepidoptera & Coleopteran etc. including insects resistant to chemicals, and shows excellent controlling effects (synergistic controlling effects) which could never be expected from a single component alone. In further embodiment of the present invention, the pesticidal composition of the present invention further comprises one or more agrochemically acceptable excipients including but not limited to the group comprising surfactant/dispersing agent(s)[ionic/anioinic/non-ionic], defoamer or anti-
freezing agent(s), emulsifier(s), co-emulsifier(s), safener(s), anti-foaming agent/defoamer(s), wetting agent(s), suspension aid(s), antimicrobial/anti-bacterial agent(s), thickening agent/thickener(s)/rheology modifier, quick coating agent(s) or sticking agents/sticker(s), spreader(s), binder(s), anti-caking agent(s), pH adjusting agent(s), adjuvant(s), filler(s), colorant(s), buffering agent(s), solvent(s), co-solvent(s) or a combination thereof. Additional components may also be included, e.g., protective colloids, adhesives, thixotropic agents, penetration agents, stabilisers, sequestering agents. More generally, the active materials can be combined with any solid or liquid carrier/additive, which complies with usual formulation techniques. Examples of dispersing agent used herein include but not limited to polyaryl phenyl ether phosphate, tristyryl phenol ethylated, acrylic copolymer, ethoxylated tristryl phenol Sulphate, naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensate with formaldehyde, ethoxylated oleyl cetyl alcohol, polyalkelene glycol ether, ethoxylated fatty alcohol, sodium polymethyl methacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium lignosulphonate, Sodium naphthalene formaldehyde condensate , calcium lignosulphonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, polycarboxylate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alcohol polyglycol ether , Polymethyl methacrylate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonateformaldehyde condensate, Ethanol 2,2,2 - nitrilotris with alpha-(2,4,6-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl)- omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) phosphate, Alkyl phenol Polyethanoxy Ether, 2-2- oxydiethanol, Dihydrogen mono oxide or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 2.0-8.0 % by weight of the composition. Examples of wetting agents used herein include but not limited to tristyrylphenol ethoxylate non- ionic emulsifier, mixture of non-ionic surfactants , alkoxylated alcohol, block copolymer, alcohol polyglycol ether, alkyl olefin sulphates, dioctyl sulpho succinate, alkyl naphthalene sulphate, alkyl phenol ethoxylates, tri-styrenated phenol ethoxylate, EO/PO block co-polymers, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium ligno sulphates Ethanol 2,2,2 -nitrilotris with alpha-(2,4,6-tris(1- phenylethyl)phenyl)- omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) phosphate, Polyethylene Polypropylene glycol mono butyl ether Alkyl phenol Polyethanoxy Ether, 2-2- oxydiethanol, Dihydrogen mono oxide or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 2.0-8.0 % by weight of the total composition.
Examples of defoamer or antifoaming agent used herein include but not limited to silicon emulsion based anti-foam agents, Siloxane polyalkyleneoxide, Polydimethylsiloxane, Polydimethylsiloxane ,trisiloxane ethoxylates, Glycerol ,silicone oil, silicone compound, C10~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.5-2.0% % by weight of the total composition. Examples of Anti-freezing agent used herein include but not limited to glycol, propylene glycol, mono ethylene glycol, glycerine, diethylene glycol, sorbitol, urea, mannitol, polyethylene glycol or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 2.0-12 % by weight of the total composition. Examples of anti-bacterial or anti-microbial agents used herein include but not limited to 1,2- benzisothiazolin-3-one, formaldehyde, sodium benzoate/Sodium o-phenylphenate, 5-chloro-2- methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2- methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, potassium sorbate or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-2.0 % by weight of the composition. Rheology modifiers are sometimes referred to as thickeners or thickening agents, but they do much more than just thicken a formulation. A good rheology modifier structures the formulation but when a force is applied it becomes flowable and easily poured. Rheology modifier or thickeners or thickening agents used herein include but not limited to polysaccharides, carboxymethyl cellulose, bentonite clay, aluminium magnesium silicate, hydroxy propyl cellulose, xanthan gum, gum arabic, gaur gum, carbomer, chitosan, precipitated silica or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-2.5 % by weight of the composition. Emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of a nonionic surfactant of ethoxylated fatty acid type, such as ethoxylated fatty acid mono-, di- or triglycerides or ethoxylated dialkyl sulfosuccinate, Tri-styrenated phenol ethoxylate , Blend of Calcium Alkyl benzene sulphonate and Tri-styrenated phenol ethxylate an alkylaryl sulfonate, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene castor oil and a polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil., ethoxylated fatty alcohol type or a block copolymer comprising one or
more alkylene oxide block type or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-25 % by weight of the composition. Solvent is selected from the group comprising heavy aromatic hydrocarbon, N methyl pyrollidone(NMP), Di methyl sulfoxide (DMSO) , N- alcohol, alkyl amide, vegetable oil, mineral oil, aromatic solvents, water or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-20 % by weight of the composition. An adjuvant used in the present invention is any material that is added to an agrochemical formulation to enhance or modify the performance of the formulation. An adjuvants used in the present invention to make it a safer to ecological environmental, having low toxicity and having no phytotoxicity effects on any part of the plant. In an embodiment, the kit-of-parts comprises an instructions manual, said instructions manual comprising instructions directing a user to admix the components before being used. The process for preparing the present novel synergistic composition can be modified accordingly by any person skilled in the art based on the knowledge of the manufacturing the formulation. However, all such variation and modification is still covered by the scope of present invention. Thus, before describing the present invention in detail, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to particularly exemplified systems or process parameters that may of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments of the invention only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any manner. The use of examples anywhere in this specification including examples of any terms discussed herein is illustrative only, and in no way limits the scope and meaning of the invention or of any exemplified term. Likewise, the invention is not limited to various embodiments given in this specification. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. In the case of conflict, the present document, including definitions will control. The composition of the present invention can also comprise or may be applied together and/or sequentially with further active compounds. These further compounds can be selected from
fertilizers or micronutrient donors or microorganisms or other preparations that influence plant growth, such as inoculants (e.g. a strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria), and plant inducers. In one embodiment, the composition according to the present invention acts synergistically to control pests in various crops. Through the pesticidal composition of present invention, the number of applications to control wide range of pests appearing at the same time is minimised. The composition of present invention is highly safe to the user and to the environment. The composition offers the user a single homogenous application eliminating the need for tank mix. The composition also is cost-effective as it provides much greater simultaneous control and can be used in a variety of crops with a broader spectrum of protection. Representative example of the present composition of this invention is provided below and is not to be construed as limiting in any manner: Chemical Composition: Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate (15%) + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC No. Ingredients %(w/w) Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- 1 0.1-30.0 en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical 2 Hexythiazox Technical 0.1-10.0 3 Abamectin Technical 0.1-10.0 (Dispersing cum wetting agent) Ethanol 2,2,2 -nitrilotris with alpha- (2,4,6-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl)- omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2- 4 ethanediyl) phosphate, Alkyl phenol Polyethanoxy Ether, 2.0-8.0 2-2- oxydiethanol, Dihydrogen mono oxide 5 (Anti freezing agent) Propylene Glycol 2.0-12 6 (Defoamer) Polydimethylsiloxane emulsion 0.5-2.0
7 (Anti-bacterial agent) 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.1-2.0 8 (Rheology modifier) Xanthan Gum 0.1-2.5 9 (Filler) DM water QS Total 100 Example 1. Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate (15% ) + Hexythiazox (2.2%) + Abamectin (1.15%) SC No. Ingredients %(w/w) Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2- 1 oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 15.00 dimethylbutyrate Technical 2 Hexythiazox Technical 2.20 3 Abamectin Technical 1.15 Unitop Sc 725 (Dispersing cum wetting 4 3.00 agent) Propylene glycol (PG) [Anti freezing 5 10.00 agent] 6 SAG 1572 (Defoamer) 2.00 7 Proxel Gxl (Anti-bacterial agent) 0.30 8 Agropol 23 W (Rheology modifier) 0.20 9 DM water QS Total 100 Chemical Composition: Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate (15%) + Hexythiazox (2.2%) + Abamectin (1.15%) SC No. Ingredients %(w/w)
Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-
1 oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 15.00 dimethylbutyrate Technical 2 Hexythiazox Technical 2.20 3 Abamectin Technical 1.15 Ethanol 2,2,2 -nitrilotris with alpha- (2,4,6-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl)- omega- hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) 4 phosphate, Alkyl phenol Polyethanoxy 3.00 Ether, 2-2- oxydiethanol, Dihydrogen mono oxide 5 Propylene Glycol 10.00 6 Polydimethylsiloxane emulsion 2.00 7 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.30 8 Xanthan Gum 0.20 9 DM water QS Total 100 Manufacturing Process: a) The mixture of surfactants (Ethanol 2,2,2 -nitrilotris with alpha-(2,4,6-tris(1- phenylethyl)phenyl)-omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) phosphate, Alkyl phenol Polyethanoxy Ether, 2-2- oxydiethanol, Dihydrogen mono oxide) & anti freezing agent (PG) were first diluted in required D.M.Water, and solubilized by high shear mixing then added compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical, Hexythiazox Technical, Abamectin Technical, Polydimethylsiloxane emulsion and mixed to make homogeneous mass. b) The above mixed mass was grinded in Bead Mill. Grinding was carried out until a mean particle size of below 5 microns was obtained.
c) Prepared 2% gum solution –100 g DM water was added to 0.3 g of 1,2-Benzisothiazolin- 3-one. To this, it was then added 2 g xanthan gum, under slow stirring. d) After the grinding, 2% water solution of xanthan gum was added under low stirring. e) The mixture was mixed until homogeneous and checked for quality parameter. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION: Sr. No. Ingredients %w/w 1 Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2- oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical (98% Purity) 15.50 2 Hexythiazox Tech (97% Purity) 2.30 3 Abamectin Tech (82% Purity) 1.23 4 Acrylic Graft Copolymer 3.00 5 Polyalkoxy ethers 2.00 6 Propylene Glycol 10.00 7 Polydimethyl siloxane 2.00 8 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.30 9 Xanthum Gum 0.22 10 D M water Q.S. TOTAL 100.0 FORMULATION PROCESS A. Pre-Mixing 1. Into a clean reactor, D M Water was charged and started stirring.
2. Added Propylene glycol, Acrylic Graft Copolymer, Polyalkoxy ethers, Polydimethyl siloxane and 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one. Mixed well to make a homogeneous solution. 3. To this added Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en- 4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical, Hexythiazox technical and Abamectin technical and mixed well to form a homogeneous slurry. B. Wet-Milling process 1. Passed the premix through the bead mill at 400 to 500 Ltr/ hr feed rate so as get a desired particle size. 2. The grinded material was collected in a post blender. C. Post Mixing 1. The milled slurry was collected into the post blender and to this pre hydrated xanthum gum was added. 2. Mixed well till the slurry attained right viscosity. 3. Packed the formulation into HDPE bottles. Example 2. Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate (20%) + Hexythiazox 3% + Abamectin 0.50% SE Chemical Composition: Sr. Ingredients % (w/w) No. Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1- 1 oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate 20.00 Technical 2 Hexythiazox Tech. 3.00 3 Abamectin Tech. 0.50 4 Precipitate Silica 1.00
5 Polymethyl methacrylate-polyethylene glycol graft 3.00 copolymer 6 Polyethylene Polypropylene glycol mono butyl ether 2.00 7 Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate 0.50 formaldehyde condensate 8 NMP 10.00 9 Emulsifier –Tri-styrenated phenol ethoxylate 10.00 10 Polydimethylsiloxane 0.50 11 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.20 12 Propylene Glycol 5.00 13 Xanthan Gum 0.30 14 DM water QS to Make 100 Total 100.00 Manufacturing Process: Preparation of aqueous slurry-The mixture of surfactants (Polymethyl methacrylate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, Polyethylene Polypropylene glycol mono butyl ether, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate) & anti freezing agent (Propylene Glycol) were first diluted in required D.M.Water, and solubilized by high shear mixing then add Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate technical and Hexythiazox technical , deformer, silica and mix to make homogeneous mass. Preparation of organic slurry –NMP was charged into the vessel, then added Abamectin technical into vessel and dissolved it properly. Then added Tri-styrenated phenol ethoxylate. Stirred it for another 30 minutes after the addition is finished. Ensured that solution is clear and homogenized. Addition of organic slurry to aqueous slurry- Slowly started adding organic slurry to aqueous slurry. Made it properly homogenized. The above mixed mass was grinded in Bead Mill. Grinding was carried out until a mean particle size of below 5 microns was obtained.
Preparations of 2% gum solution – Took 100 g DM water, then added 0.2 g of Benzisothiazolin- 3-one then slowly-slowly added 3 g xanthan gum while stirring. After the grinding, added 3% water solution of xanthan gum under low stirring. After mixing till homogeneous solution was achieved, checked for quality parameter. Example 3. Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate (18%) + Hexythiazox 5% + Abamectin 1.25% ME Chemical Composition: Sr. Ingredients % (w/w) No. Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1- 1 oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate 18.00 Technical 2 Hexythiazox Technical 05.00 3 Abamectin Technical 1.25 4 NMP 20.00 5 DMSO 20.00 6 Emulsifier (Blend of Calcium Alkyl benzene 25.00 sulphonate and Tri-styrenated phenol ethxylate) Q.S. to make 7 C IX solvent 100% Total 100.00 Manufacturing Process: As per recipe the required amount of solvent /co-solvent is weighed and transferred to a mixing vessel. The required amount of technicals are weighed and transferred to mixing vessel.
After complete homogenization a sample was drawn for selection of emulsifier. Weighed and transferred the emulsifier to mixing vessel. After complete homogenization a sample was drawn for quality check if sample pass the quality check then transferred the materials in storage tank for packaging. In particular, it has now been found, surprisingly that, for example, the pesticidal activity of the composition of present invention, compared with the pesticidal activity of individual components, is synergistic. In fact, various advantageous properties associated with the compositions according to the invention, include but are not limited to: a broadening of the spectrum of pesticidal activity to other pests, for example to resistant strains; a reduction in the rate of application of the active ingredients; adequate control of the pests at a rate of application at which the individual compounds are not very effective, advantageous behaviour during formulating and/or upon application, improved stability, improved crop characteristics including crop yields, more developed root system, increase in plant health including height, improved plant vigor, less plant verse (lodging), and other advantages familiar to a person skilled in the art. Stability Data: Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15%+ Hexythiazox 2.2%+ Abamectin 1.15% SC Sr. Test Parameter Specification Observation Cold test at HST at at 0° ^^ 7days 54° ^^ 14 days No 1 Description The material Compiles Compiles Compiles is in the form of white to off-white colour homogeneous suspension 2 Compound of 15% (±5%) 15.52 15.49 15.38 Formula I, i.e. 3-
Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non- 3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical Content (%w/w) Hexythiazox 2.2% 2.43 2.43 2.46 Content (%w/w) (+10%, -5%) Abamectin 1.15% 1.17 1.17 1.18 Content (%w/w) (+10%, -5%) Suspensibility of Min 80% 99.1 99.2 99.1 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non- 3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical (%w/w) Suspensibility of Min 80% 99.98 99..1 99.5 Hexythiazox (%w/w) Suspensibility of Min 80% 96.73 99.18 99.2 Abamectin (%w/w) Density @27°C 0.99 to 1.10 1.02 1.02 1.02 (g/ml)
9 pH 1.0% 5.0 to 9.0 7.16 7.15 6.53 Aqueous Solution 10 Viscosity @25°C 300 to 700 434 cp 386 cp 408 cp Spindle 63 60 rpm rpm (CPS) 11 Pourability Residue 5.0 3.21 3.34 3.39 (Residue %w/w) max 12 Wet Sieve test 2.0 Max 0.25 0.28 0.55 (Retained on 45 micron)(%w/w) 13 Presistent foam 60 Max 5 5 5 after 1min (ml) Examples on Efficacy: Evaluation of synergistic effect of pesticidal composition of the present invention A synergistic effect exists wherever the action of a combination of active ingredient is greater than the sum of the action of each of the components alone. Therefore, a synergistically effective amount or an effective amount of a synergistic composition or combination is an amount that exhibits greater pesticidal activity than the sum of the pesticidal activities of the individual components. Synergism was calculated by using Colby’s method (Weeds, vol.15 No.1 (Jan 1967), pp.20-2. The synergistic action expected for a given combination of two active components can be calculated as follows: XY E = (X + Y) – --------- 100 The synergistic action expected for a given combination of three active components can be calculated as follows:
(XY+YZ+XZ) (XYZ) E = (X + Y + Z) – ----------------- + ------------ 100 10000 Where: E represents expected percentage of pesticidal control for the combination of the two or three active ingredients at defined doses (for example equal to x, y and z, respectively). X is the percentage of pesticidal control observed by the compound (Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical) at a defined dose (equal to x). Y is the percentage of pesticidal control observed by the compound (Hexythiazox) at a defined dose (equal to y). Z is the percentage of pesticidal control observed by the compound (Abamectin) at a defined dose (equal to z). When the percentage of pesticidal control observed for the combination is greater than the expected percentage, there is a synergism effect. Observed control (%) Ratio = ----------------------------- Expected control (%) Ratio of O/E > 1, synergism observed The present invention is illustrated by way of examples, the examples are meant for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting. Experiment for Synergistic activity of combination product of present invention: Example 1- Details of experiment on Tea crop: Experiment for synergistic activity of Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical, Hexythiazox and Abamectin for the control of Mites in Chilli crop was conducted under field at Dhuseri Tea Estate, Assam. Experimental layout
The field experiment was carried out in randomized block design (RBD) with twenty-nine (29) treatments (28 insecticides and 1 water spray) each replicated thrice. All the plots demarcated by 10 cm high ridges on all sides. Adequate numbers of irrigation channels were also constructed to provide irrigation independently to each plot. Details of the layout Number of treatments : 29 Number of replication : 3 Plot size (m2) : 7.5 m x 6 m Spacing : 75 cm x 75 cm Nozzle used : Hollow cone nozzle and spray shield Sprayer volume used : 1000 L of water /ha The amount of insecticides required to spray was calculated treatment wise and calibrated. Required quantity of all the insecticides from T1 to T28 were mixed in water as per recommendations. Each insecticide solution was added to a hand-held sprayer and sprayed on the plants. Plants treated with water were included as a control. Application of insecticide spray was performed as single directed application. Ten days after each of the insecticide applications, the numbers of live adult and nymph/larva were counted in the treated plants and untreated control plants. For observation three leaves per plant (one from bottom, one from middle and one from top) were marked on 5 tagged plants per replication. Sr. No. Treatment Ratio T1 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 0.1% + 10% + 10% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin T2 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 15% + 2.2% + 1.15% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-
dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin T3 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 20% + 7% + 0.1% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin T4 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 30% + 0.1% + 6% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin T5 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 0.1% + 10% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox T6 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 15% + 2.2% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox T7 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 20% + 7% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox T8 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 30% + 0.1% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox T9 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 0.1% + 10% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Abamectin T10 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 15% + 1.15% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Abamectin T11 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 20% + 0.1% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Abamectin
T12 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 30% + 6% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Abamectin T13 Hexythiazox + Abamectin 10% + 10% T14 Hexythiazox + Abamectin 2.2% + 1.15% T15 Hexythiazox + Abamectin 7% + 0.1% T16 Hexythiazox + Abamectin 0.1% + 6% T17 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 0.1% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical T18 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 15% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical T19 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 20% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical T20 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 30% 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical T21 Hexythiazox 10% T22 Hexythiazox 2.2% T23 Hexythiazox 7% T24 Hexythiazox 0.1% T25 Abamectin 10% T26 Abamectin 1.15% T27 Abamectin 0.1% T28 Abamectin 6% T29 Untreated Control (Water Spray) - Transformations of insect data were made where necessary. The data thus obtained were analyzed from Five plants per replication.
Post-treatment mite population were recorded at suitable intervals (10 days) after pray from five plants each replication with three leaves each plant (one from bottom, one from middle and one from top) and mean % population reduction is calculated. Corrected % reduction (Observed Control) over control was worked out using below formula. Corrected % reduction = (No. of mites in Treatment) 1 - ________________________________________________x 100 (No. of mites in Control) Based on % reduction against control in solo treatments the Expected control was calculated and compared with Observed control. The results of the trial have been presented here under in Table 1. Table 1: Synergistic effect of combination product of the present invention (Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin) against Mites population in Tea crop Observed Expected S. Colby Treatment Ratio per cent per cent No. Ratio control control T1 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 0.1% + 10% + Mesityl-2-oxo-1- 10% oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 71.13 65.05 1.0934 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin T2 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 15% + 2.2% + Mesityl-2-oxo-1- 1.15% oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 86.35 73.25 1.1788 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin
Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 20% + 7% + Mesityl-2-oxo-1- 0.1% oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 76.12 66.07 1.1521 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 30% + 0.1% + Mesityl-2-oxo-1- 6% oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 88.45 78.50 1.1268 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 0.1% + 10% Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 24.67 36.29 0.6799 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 15% + 2.2% Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 57.22 57.72 0.9914 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 20% + 7% Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 50.66 65.53 0.7730 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 30% + 0.1% Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 52.76 52.85 0.9982 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox
T9 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 0.1% + 10% Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 48.82 49.75 0.9813 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Abamectin T10 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 15% + 1.15% Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 53.81 70.12 0.7674 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Abamectin T11 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 20% + 0.1% Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 53.02 55.24 0.9599 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Abamectin T12 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 30% + 6% Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- 69.55 72.82 0.9552 dimethylbutyrate Technical + Abamectin T13 Hexythiazox + Abamectin 10% + 10% 60.89 61.85 0.9846 T14 Hexythiazox + Abamectin 2.2% + 1.15% 42.78 43.39 0.9861 T15 Hexythiazox + Abamectin 7% + 0.1% 21.52 30.86 0.6973 T16 Hexythiazox + Abamectin 0.1% + 6% 36.22 46.80 0.7739 T17 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 0.1% Mesityl-2-oxo-1- 8.40 - - oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical T18 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 15% 52.76 - - Mesityl-2-oxo-1-
oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical T19 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 20% Mesityl-2-oxo-1- 50.92 - - oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical T20 Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- 30% Mesityl-2-oxo-1- 59.58 oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical T21 Hexythiazox 10% 30.45 - - T22 Hexythiazox 2.2% 10.50 - - T23 Hexythiazox 7% 27.03 - - T24 Hexythiazox 0.1% 3.94 - - T25 Abamectin 10% 45.14 - - T26 Abamectin 1.15% 36.75 - - T27 Abamectin 0.1% 5.25 - - T28 Abamectin 6% 44.62 - - T29 Untreated Control (Water Spray) - - - - It is clearly evident from the data shown in above Table 1 for per cent Mites control in Tea crop that the ternary combination composition of the present invention comprising Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical, Hexythiazox and Abamectin T1 to T4 showed high synergy. The binary combination of two insecticides Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox (T5 to T8), Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2- oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical + Abamectin (T9 to T12) and Hexythiazox + Abamectin (T13 to T16) are compatible but non-synergistic for the control of mites as compared to ternary combination of Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical, Hexythiazox and Abamectin. The binary combinations of two insecticides are thus less effective to control mites as compared to
ternary combination of three insecticides Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin (T1 to T4). Among four treatments of ternary combination of three insecticides Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin, T3 with ratio 15% + 2.2% + 1.15% showing highest synergy with optimum control of mites. Experiment for Bio-efficacy evaluation of combination product of present invention: For the ternary combination based on Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1- oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical, Hexythiazox and Abamectin evaluation under field conditions, the basic test composition as Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3- Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical 22.90% SC, Hexythiazox 05.45 % w/w EC and Abamectin 1.9% EC available in the market. For ternary combination, Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC was used. The solo formulations of Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 22.90 % SC, Hexythiazox 05.45 % w/w EC and Abamectin 1.9% EC along with binary combination formulation Fenazquin 10% + Bifenthrin 4% EC and solo formulation Propargite 57 % EC available in the market were used for comparison. Example 2: Evaluation of the combination product of the present invention on Tea The synergistic composition of the present invention Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2- oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC along with binary combinations and solo formulation were evaluated on Tea crop variety Teen Ali-17. The experiment was conducted at a Khowai Chabagan Shramik Samabaya Samity Ltd., Paharmura, Khowai, Tripura following Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications and maintaining a distance of 60 cm x 100 cm between plants and rows. The application of treatments was started with the insect incidence over economic threshold level (ETL) incidence on the crop in experimental plots and repeat application was done after 15 days. The observations were recorded for the following objectives. Objectives:
1. To determine the efficacy of synergistic ternary composition of present invention against Mites in Tea crop and its impact on leaf yield increase. 2. To observe phytotoxicity, if any on Tea. 3. Economics of treatments based on Cost: Benefit Ratio Treatment details: For Bio-efficacy evaluation T1 - Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC @ 500 ml/ha T2 - Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC @ 600 ml/ha T3 - Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC @ 700 ml/ha T4 - Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 22.90 % SC @ 400 ml/ha T5 - Hexythiazox 05.45 % w/w EC @ 500 ml/ha T6 - Abamectin 1.9% EC @ 750 ml/ha T7 - Fenazquin 10% + Bifenthrin 4% EC @ 1000 ml/ha T8 - Propargite 57% EC @ 1250 g/ha T9 – Untreated control For phyto-toxicity evaluation T1 - Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC @ 500 ml/ha T2 - Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC @ 600 ml/ha T3 - Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC @ 700 ml/ha T4 - Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC @ 1000 ml/ha T5 - Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC @ 1200 ml/ha T6 - Untreated control
Methodology: All the treatments were imposed by high volume knapsack sprayer fitted with hollow cone nozzle on mite incidence over economic threshold level on Tea plants. During the study period, two sprays were given at 15 days interval. Observation on number of mites were taken at seven and fourteen days after the application on ten plants per treatment per replication and mean is presented after each spray. Corrected % reduction (Observed Control) over control was worked out. The crop yield was recorded at each harvest and cumulative dried Tea yield has been expressed as kg/ha. Based on treatment application cost, market price of produce and net profit, the Cost: Benefit Ratio was calculated for the economics of ternary combination treatments. The observations for phyto-toxicity symptoms on Tea crop at 1, 3, 7 and 10 days after each spray were also recorded. The data were subjected to statistically analysis of variance. Results are presented in Tables 2 to 4. Results: The results for mite’s incidence on Tea crop recorded during the experimental period and per cent reduction over untreated control are summarized in Table 2. The data on yield is presented in Table 3. The observations recorded for phytotoxicity symptom is presented in Table 4. Table 2: Field bio-efficacy evaluation of synergistic composition against Mites in Tea crop Mites Per cent Population reduction S. A.I. dose Formulation /Plant Treatment No. (g/ha) dose (ml/ha) After After After After I II I II spray spray spray spray Compound of Formula 75 + 11 + 2.30 1.53 T1 500 69.13 83.27 I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 5.75 (1.67) (1.43)
1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- en-4-yl) 3,3- 90 + 13.2 + 1.13 0.77 600 84.79 91.64 dimethylbutyrate 6.9 (1.28) (1.13) Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- en-4-yl) 3,3- 105 + 15.4 1.05 0.65 700 85.91 92.91 dimethylbutyrate + 8.05 (1.24) (1.07) Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- 3.38 2.83 96 400 54.59 69.09 en-4-yl) 3,3- (1.97) (1.83) dimethylbutyrate Technical 22.90 % SC Hexythiazox 05.45 % 5.63 4.67 25 500 24.38 49.09 w/w EC (2.48) (2.27) Abamectin 1.9% EC 14 750 3.87 3.58 48.10 60.91 39
(2.09) (2.02) Fenazquin 10% + 6.00 5.13 T7 100 + 40 1000 19.46 44.00 Bifenthrin 4% EC (2.55) (2.27) 4.32 3.95 T8 Propargite 57% EC 612 1250 42.06 56.91 (2.19) (2.11) 7.45 9.17 T9 Untreated control - - - - (2.82) (3.11) S Em ± - - 0.250 0.414 - - CD (P=0.05) - - 0.757 1.252 - - C.V. - - 11.107 19.989 - - Figures in parentheses are sq root transformed values NS – Non significant Table 3: Field bio-efficacy evaluation of synergistic composition on dried Tea yield and Cost: Benefit Ratio in Tea Formulatio Yield Per cent S. A.I. dose n dose (kg/ha) increase in C:B Treatment No. (g/ ha) (ml/ha) yield over Ratio control Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- en-4-yl) 3,3- 75 + 11 + T1 500 6184 37.48 1:0.557 dimethylbutyrate 5.75 Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC Compound of Formula 90 + 13.2 T2 600 6772 50.56 1:0.677 I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- + 6.9
1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- 105 + en-4-yl) 3,3- 15.4 + 700 6812 51.45 1:0.659 dimethylbutyrate 8.05 Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- 96 400 5714 27.03 1:0.432 en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 22.90 % SC Hexythiazox 05.45 % 25 500 4961 10.29 1:0.315 w/w EC Abamectin 1.9% EC 14 750 5430 20.72 1:0.261 Fenazquin 10% + 100 + 40 1000 4781 6.29 1:0.264 Bifenthrin 4% EC Propargite 57% EC 612 1250 5110 13.61 1:0.321 Untreated control - - 4498 - 1:0.236 S Em ± - - 53.015 - - CD (P=0.05) 160.30 - - - - 8 C.V. - - 1.644 - -
Table 4: Phytotoxicity evaluation of synergistic composition on Tea plants Formu- Phytotoxicity parameters observed* S. A.I. dose lation (mean data recorded at 1, 3, 7 and 10 days after Treatment No. (g/ ha) dose each spray) (ml/ha) L W N V E H Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- en-4-yl) 3,3- 75 + 11 + T1 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 dimethylbutyrate 5.75 Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- en-4-yl) 3,3- 90 + 13.2 T2 600 0 0 0 0 0 0 dimethylbutyrate + 6.9 Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- 105 + en-4-yl) 3,3- T3 15.4 + 700 0 0 0 0 0 0 dimethylbutyrate 8.05 Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC
Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- en-4-yl) 3,3- 150 + 22
T4 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 dimethylbutyrate + 11.5 Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- 180 + en-4-yl) 3,3- T5 26.4 + 1200 0 0 0 0 0 0 dimethylbutyrate 13.8 Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC T6 Untreated control -- -- 0 0 0 0 0 0 L – Leaf injury on tips/ surface, W – Wilting, N – Necrosis, V – Vein clearing, E – Epinasty, H – Hyponasty *Based on 0-10 scale where: 0=0%, 1=1-10%, 2=11-20%, 3=21-30%, 4=31-40%, 5=41-50%, 6=51- 60%, 7=61-70%, 8=71-80%, 9=81-90%,10=91-100% From the example, it evident that the synergistic composition of the present invention is better in protecting Tea crop from mites (Table 2) in comparison to registered solo formulations available in market and other market standard products comprising Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl- 2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical 22.90 % SC, Abamectin 1.9% EC, Hexythiazox 05.45 % w/w EC, Fenazquin 10% + Bifenthrin 4% EC and Propargite 57% EC at mentioned dosage levels. The yield of Green tea leaves also improved in the ternary combination of Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC as compared to binary and solo components (Table 3).
Reasons of higher crop yield may be due to better control of target insects. The Cost: Benefit Ratio revealed that ternary combination @ 600 ml/ha was most economical with higher Cost: Benefit Ratio followed by 700 ml/ha and 500 ml/ha dose formulation as compared to other binary and solo treatments (Table 3). The disclosed combination Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3- en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC @ all the doses further showed no phytotoxicity in the Tea crop after 1, 3, 7 and 10 days after each spray (Table 4). It is evident from the above tables of examples that the combination composition of the present invention i.e. Compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate Technical 15% + Hexythiazox 2.2% + Abamectin 1.15% SC resulted in efficient control of mites with higher green leaf yield as compared to the reference standard products (binary compositions and solo products). The Cost: Benefit Ratio also showed that ternary combination Compound of Formula I, i.e.3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3-dimethylbutyrate Technical + Hexythiazox + Abamectin in different formulations types was most economical with higher Cost: Benefit Ratio as compared to other binary and solo products available in market. From the above investigations, it will be observed that numerous modifications and variations can be effectuated without departing from the true spirit and scope of the novel concepts of the present invention. It is to be understood that no limitations with respect to the specific embodiments illustrated is intended or should be inferred. It should be understood that all such modifications and improvements have been deleted herein for the sake of conciseness and readability but are properly within the scope of the following claims. Dated this 27th day of May, 2024 Dr. Shilpa Arora IN/PA-1238 Patent Agent for the Applicant To The Controller of Patents The Patent Office, At New Delhi
Claims
I CLAIM [CLAIM 1] A synergistic pesticidal composition for pest control of plants, crops comprising: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters or derivatives; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters or derivatives; and c) Abamectin or their agrochemically acceptable salts, esters or derivatives. [CLAIM 2] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 1, comprising: a) compound of Formula I, i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters or derivatives , in the range of 0.1 to 30% by weight of the composition; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters or its derivatives, in the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight of the composition; and c) Abamectin or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters or its derivatives, in the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight of the composition. [CLAIM 3] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 1 to 2, which further comprises one or more agrochemically acceptable excipients. [CLAIM 4] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 3 wherein the agrochemically acceptable excipients comprise of dispersing agent, wetting agent, defoamer or antifoaming agent, rheology modifier, anti-freezing agent, adjuvants, fillers, emulsifying agent, anti-bacterial agents, thickeners/thickening agents, colouring agents, solvents or mixtures thereof. [CLAIM 5] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising, polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, tristyryl phenol ethylated, acrylic
copolymer, ethoxylated tristryl phenol Sulphate, naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensate with formaldehyde, ethoxylated oleyl cetyl alcohol, polyalkelene glycol ether, ethoxylated fatty alcohol, Sodium polymethyl methacrylatnae, sodium polyacrylate, sodium lignosulphonate, calcium lignosulphonate, Sodium naphthalene formaldehyde condensate ,alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, polycarboxylate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alcohol polyglycol ether, sodium polymethyl methacrylate, Polymethyl methacrylate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, Ethanol 2,2,2 -nitrilotris with alpha-(2,4,6-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl)- omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) phosphate, Alkyl phenol Polyethanoxy Ether, 2-2- oxydiethanol, Dihydrogen mono oxide or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 2.0-8.0 % by weight of the composition. [CLAIM 6] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the wetting agent is selected form the group comprising tristyrylphenol ethoxylate non-ionic emulsifier, mixture of non-ionic surfactants, alkoxylated alcohol, block copolymer, alcohol polyglycol ether, alkyl olefin sulphates, dioctyl sulpho succinate, alkyl naphthalene sulphate, alkyl phenol ethoxylates, tri- styrenated phenol ethoxylate, EO/PO block co-polymers, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium ligno sulphates, Ethanol 2,2,2 -nitrilotris with alpha-(2,4,6-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl)- omega- hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) phosphate, Polyethylene Polypropylene glycol mono butyl ether , Alkyl phenol Polyethanoxy Ether, 2-2- oxydiethanol, Dihydrogen mono oxide or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 2.0-8.0 % by weight of the total composition. [CLAIM 7] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the defoamer or antifoaming agent is selected from the group comprising silicon emulsion based anti-foam agents, Siloxane polyalkyleneoxide, Polydimethylsiloxane, trisiloxane ethoxylates, silicone oil, silicone compound, C10~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane and mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.5-2.0% by weight of the composition.
[CLAIM 8] The synergistic composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the anti-freezing agent is selected from the group comprising glycol, propylene glycol, mono ethylene glycol, Glycerol, glycerine, diethylene glycol, sorbitol, urea, mannitol, polyethylene glycol or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 2.0-12 % by weight of the composition. [CLAIM 9] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the antimicrobial or anti-bacterial agent is selected from the group comprising 1,2- benzisothiazolin-3-one, formaldehyde, sodium benzoate/Sodium o-phenylphenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2- methyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one, potassium sorbate or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-2.0 % by weight of the composition. [CLAIM 10] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the thickener/thickening agent is selected from the group comprising polysaccharides, carboxymethyl cellulose, bentonite clay, aluminium magnesium silicate, hydroxy propyl cellulose, xanthan gum, gum arabic, gaur gum, carbomer, chitosan, precipitated silica or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-2.5 % by weight of the composition. [CLAIM 11] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the solvent is selected from the group comprising heavy aromatic hydrocarbon, N-methyl pyrollidone(NMP), Di-methyl sulfoxide(DMSO), N- alcohol, alkyl amide, vegetable oil, mineral oil, aromatic solvents, water or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-20 % by weight of the composition. [CLAIM 12] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of a nonionic surfactant of ethoxylated fatty acid type, such as ethoxylated fatty acid mono-, di- or triglycerides or ethoxylated dialkyl sulfosuccinate, Tri-styrenated phenol ethoxylate ,blend of Calcium Alkyl benzene sulphonate and Tri-styrenated phenol ethxylate an alkylaryl sulfonate, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester,
a polyoxyethylene castor oil and a polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil., ethoxylated fatty alcohol type or a block copolymer comprising one or more alkylene oxide block type or mixtures thereof and present in the range of 0.1-25 % by weight of the composition. [CLAIM 13] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 1-12, wherein the use of said composition promotes plant health, growth and increases plant, crop yield in the field. [CLAIM 14] The pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 1-13, provide one shot application of novel and effective synergistic pesticidal composition for killing/ controlling highly resistant mites, whitefly and thrips at lower application rates. [CLAIM 15] The pesticidal composition as claimed in any one of the claims 1-14, wherein the composition is in form of suspension concentrate (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE) or Micro-emulsion (ME) formulation. [CLAIM 16] A kit-of-parts comprising a plurality of components, wherein said plurality of components comprises: a) compound of Formula I i.e. 3-Mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro [4.4] non-3-en-4-yl) 3,3- dimethylbutyrate or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters or derivatives; b) Hexythiazox or its agrochemically acceptable salts, esters or derivatives; c) Abamectin or their agrochemically acceptable salts, esters or derivatives. Dated this 27th day of May, 2024 Dr. Shilpa Arora IN/PA-1238 Patent Agent for the Applicant To The Controller of Patents
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IN202311043772 | 2023-06-29 | ||
IN202311043772 | 2023-06-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2025003875A1 true WO2025003875A1 (en) | 2025-01-02 |
Family
ID=93937774
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2024/056153 WO2025003875A1 (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2024-06-25 | Ternary composition of spiromesifen, hexythiazox and abamectin |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
WO (1) | WO2025003875A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101530075A (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-09-16 | 北京绿色农华植保科技有限责任公司 | Abamectin hexythiazox micro-emulsion and preparation method thereof |
CN103621528A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-12 | 陕西美邦农药有限公司 | High efficient mite-killing composition |
IN202011030667A (en) * | 2020-07-18 | 2022-01-21 |
-
2024
- 2024-06-25 WO PCT/IB2024/056153 patent/WO2025003875A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101530075A (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-09-16 | 北京绿色农华植保科技有限责任公司 | Abamectin hexythiazox micro-emulsion and preparation method thereof |
CN103621528A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-12 | 陕西美邦农药有限公司 | High efficient mite-killing composition |
IN202011030667A (en) * | 2020-07-18 | 2022-01-21 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
BALKAN TARIK: "Abamectin, Hexythiazox and Spiromesifen Resistance in Populations of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari:Tetranychidae) Collected from Cucumber Greenhouses in Tokat Province", TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE : FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 10, no. sp2, pages 2888 - 2891, XP093258063, ISSN: 2148-127X, DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v10isp2.2888-2891.5579 * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2667719B1 (en) | Pesticide composition comprising sulphur, an insecticide and an agrochemical excipient. | |
SI9200287A (en) | Control of arthropod pests with phosphorous acid and monoesters and salts thereof | |
JP2007529435A (en) | Insecticidal composition and method for seed treatment | |
EA013817B1 (en) | Fungicidal mixtures comprising boscalid and pyrimethanil | |
CN102893997A (en) | Compound herbicide containing mesotrione, s-metolachlor and atrazine and applications of compound herbicide | |
EA019698B1 (en) | Weed control method and herbicidal composition | |
CN103518769B (en) | Insecticidal composition | |
WO2024095171A1 (en) | Stable synergistic insecticidal composition | |
AU2022301619B2 (en) | A solid bio-pesticidal composition comprising of elemental sulphur and azadirachtin | |
WO2025003875A1 (en) | Ternary composition of spiromesifen, hexythiazox and abamectin | |
CN105211080B (en) | A kind of Herbicidal combinations | |
CN103493842B (en) | Insecticidal composition | |
CN107318866A (en) | A kind of Pesticidal combination | |
WO2025146655A1 (en) | Ternary composition comprising fipronil, spinosad and pyriproxyfen | |
CN113100244B (en) | Herbicide composition and application thereof | |
CN103478161B (en) | A kind of agricultural insecticide composition containing imidaclothiz and methoxyfenozide | |
CN105794828B (en) | A kind of Pesticidal combination and its method for controlling pest | |
WO2025146670A1 (en) | Synergistic insecticidal composition | |
WO2025158233A1 (en) | Ternary composition comprising spinosad, abamectin and diafenthiuron | |
WO2025158347A1 (en) | Stable synergistic pesticidal composition comprising fluopyram, tolfenpyrad and azoxystrobin | |
WO2025158322A1 (en) | Stable synergistic pesticidal composition comprising fungicide and insecticides | |
CN107668044A (en) | A kind of nematicidal agent composition and its application method | |
WO2025041008A1 (en) | Synergistic pesticidal composition | |
CN107668054A (en) | A kind of nematicidal agent composition and its application method | |
WO2025158349A1 (en) | Stable synergistic pesticidal composition comprising fluopyram, tolfenpyrad and triazole |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 24831174 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |