WO2024213807A1

WO2024213807A1 - Magnetic levitation device

Info

Publication number: WO2024213807A1
Application number: PCT/ES2024/000011
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jorge Cervello Vivo
Original assignee: Jorge Cervello Vivo
Priority date: 2023-04-11
Filing date: 2024-04-11
Publication date: 2024-10-17

Abstract

The invention relates to a magnetic levitation device that makes two objects magnetically interact. The first object has a spherical or quasi-spherical shape and is magnetised in an innovative way, being placed on a second object that is also magnetised in a very specific way. The basis of the innovation for which protection is sought lies mainly in having chosen said first object with that specific shape and further magnetising it in a way that had not been considered useful until now: three-dimensional radial magnetisation, which creates a magnetic field around said object according to lines of force that follow the different radii of the first object and along the entire surface thereof. Another key feature is the fact that said magnetisation is performed in such a way that the same magnetic pole is maintained along the entire outer surface of this first object, where its other magnetic pole remains therein. With this manner of magnetising, as there are no outer surfaces on said first object that share their two magnetic poles, something which happened up until now for all magnetised objects, it is possible to 'hide' one of the poles. The second object is magnetised in a way similar to the first object, such that said magnetisation orients the lines of force according to lines perpendicular to the tangent planes in each area of its surface, and maintaining the criterion followed with the first object, as one of its magnetic poles, the same one as the pole of the outer surface of the first object, is also on the top surface of the second object and the other pole on the bottom surface. As the second object has outer surfaces that are shared with the two magnetic poles (the second object does have edges), it requires said edge areas to be far from the area of magnetic interaction of the first object, thereby properly sizing the second object. To put on the market this invention that moves objects with no more friction than that of air, incorporating a third object into the device is proposed, where this third object is not magnetisable, remaining attached to the first object and to which two straps will be joined, said straps hanging on each side of the second object and bearing any object that is to be moved along the second object. Another proposed option is one where the third object joined to the first object is a linear element following one of the radii of the reference sphere of the first object, where said linear element is directed downwards. Said linear element will not be magnetisable and will have at least one hole in its lower end. The second object will have a perforation that will continue along the length thereof through the centre of its cross sections, where the aforementioned linear element is always on its vertical, which will also allow it to bear any object, which could be thus moved along the second object.

Description

DESCRIPCION DISPOSITIVO DE LEVITACION MAGNETICA DESCRIPTION OF MAGNETIC LEVITATION DEVICE

SECTOR DE LA. TECNICA TECHNICAL SECTOR

Esta invención se ubica en el sector de los dispositivos que funcionen mediante magnetismo. es decir, tomando como fuente de Información el OMPI en el sector da maquinaría eléctrica, aparates, y energía. This invention is located in the sector of devices that operate by magnetism, that is, taking as a source of information the WIPO in the sector of electrical machinery, apparatus, and energy.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

No se conoce ningún antecedente sobra este invención. el na conquer dispositivos en ios que uno de ios objetos que lo integran tenga tedas sus tineas de campo magnético tend leudo s cerrarse en el infinite There is no known precedent for this invention. The invention involves devices in which one of the objects that make it up has all its magnetic field lines that can be closed in infinity.

.EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN .EXPLAINATION OF THE INVENTION

Ei dispositivo cenata de dos objetos diferenciados. Ei objeto uno, que puede tener forma de poliedra de múltiples polígonas pianos e insorióibie en una estera, o propiamente, son forma de esfera perfecta, queda magnethado de modo innovador.. También como oamo vari antea, pueda estar constituido por una sois pieza ó por mas de una pieza. y también pueda ser sólido o hueco. En el caso de que esté formado por varias piezas, estas irán conformando su superficie exterior pagándolas permammementa por sus caras laterales, impidiendo asi que se separan por ia tendenha natural a la repulsión quo van a experimentar, y silo, par efecto de su concreta magnefmáciun al interacfuar en cada picea ios iineas de fueras aerea de las cera de ias pisaos que van a quedar finalmente pegadas. En el dispositivo, ei ePieto uno queda posídonado arriba dai o:b|eiu dos a cierta distancia de aquei. El adieto ates también puede estar mampuesta por una pieza o per varias mon el mismo sistema para que perrnánezuan pegadas que para el objeto uno-, y también con varias termes Siternatívaa posibies; de superficie piaña; con taima de vaso a cuenco, ms decir- con forma ccncava; y, por último, también con succión transversl en "U" neme ai anterior, pare ahora desarmiiéndose diúhu perfii iinaaimente, pudieridá ser esta iínea abiarte o cerrada, El objeto dos, al menos, de ia misma extensión en horizontte que si objeto une, también va magnethedo de modo muy ocnureto, come se expone a continuación. Los dos objetos que forman fe dispositiva se magnetizan de modo innovador, El objeto uno se magnetiza oreando una polarización magnética radial en las tres dimensiones espacíate sus líneas de campo magnética, al menos, en toda su zona exterior de ámbito de interacción con el objeto dos. siguen líneas da radíos de te esfera circunscrita, -para la forma poíigonal-, o siguen ios radios de la propia- éstors para la forma estonce, E1 oblato dos, también con una magnetización con líneas de campo magnético que siguen rectos perpendiculares al piano tangente en cada sosa de su superficie, del mismo mude que ocurre con el objeto una. Hay que hacer mención deque, en tos bordes del objeto dos queda compartida esa zona da la superficie exterior ios dos polos, es por ello que- allí se generan lineas de campo con lazos muy cerrados que podrían generar interacciones no deseadas can el objeto uno. En nuestro caso, esto quedo resuelto dimensíonando adecuadamente el objeto dos para que esos bordea queden alejados de la zona de influencia magnética que podría tener con el objeto uno. En el objeto une no se van a producir esos atontas descritos ya que na tiene bonete siendo- por ello esto objeta uno él que fundamente la innovación conseguida por esa propiedad de su campo magnético generado: en el objeto uno, solo uno de los des polos magnéticos guada en la superdoíe exterior del objeto uno. y todas sus lineas exteriores das campo magnético oreada por él tienden a cerrarse- en el infinito. The device consists of two distinct objects. Object one, which can be in the form of a polyhedron of multiple flat polygons and insulated in a mat, or properly, in the form of a perfect sphere, is magnetized in an innovative way. Also as we see, it can be made up of one piece or more than one piece. and it can also be solid or hollow. In the case that it is made up of several pieces, these will shape its outer surface by permanently paying them by their lateral faces, thus preventing them from separating by the natural tendency to repulsion that they will experience, and only, by effect of their specific magnification when interacting in each sprue the lines of air forces of the waxes of the treads that will finally remain stuck. In the device, object one is positioned above two pieces at a certain distance from it. The adesto can also be composed of one piece or several using the same system so that they remain stuck together as for object one, and also with several possible alternative terms; with a flat surface; with a glass to bowl shape, that is to say - with a concave shape; and finally, also with transverse suction in a "U" shape like the previous one, now separating itself perimeterly, this line could be open or closed. Object two, at least, of the same horizontal extension as its joining object, is also magnetized in a very tight way, as explained below. The two objects that form this dispositive are magnetized in an innovative way. Object one is magnetized by means of a radial magnetic polarization in the three dimensions, spacing its magnetic field lines, at least, in its entire external area of interaction scope with object two. They follow lines of radii of a circumscribed sphere, -for the polygonal shape-, or they follow the radii of the sphere itself for the central shape, then, object two, also with a magnetization with magnetic field lines that follow straight lines perpendicular to the tangent plane in each plane of its surface, in the same way that occurs with object one. It should be mentioned that, at the edges of object two, that area of the external surface is shared by the two poles, that is why - there field lines with very closed loops are generated that could generate unwanted interactions with object one. In our case, this was solved by properly sizing object two so that these edges are far from the magnetic zone of influence that it could have with object one. In object one, these stumbling blocks described will not occur since it has no bonnet, which is why this object is the basis for the innovation achieved by this property of its generated magnetic field: in object one, only one of the magnetic poles is located on the outer surface of object one, and all its outer magnetic field lines generated by it tend to close at infinity.

Este efecto de levitacion se ecnsigue al situar al objeto uno á una ciarte distancia del objeto dos compartiend ejes verticales de simetría de sus saaciones transversales (si el úfente dos es de desarroiio serrado, el objeto urm compartiré siempre feo ds simetría vertical solo con una de sus varias secciones transversales que pudiera cortar dicho pleno vertical s dicho objeto dos) a esa cierta distancia el objeto umr quede suspendido si dicho objeto dos tierto en su zona superior el mismo polo magnético que el da l-a superficie exterior del objeto uno, creándose unos campos magnéticos qué generan una fuerza de repulsión entre- los dos objetos, campo que se estabiliza con el gravitatorto cuando se compensan dichas fuerzas msgnétíoas y gtovifaturtes. Este maguetocton ínoovadom, fundamentalmente del objeto una, es te que determina que el teórico giro que pudiste hacer el obfeto urm en nada cambie d campo magnético creado ai intoractuar los dos ufeetoé, -objeto uno y objeto dos- rompiéndose ese equiilbrío de fuerzas sí quien Interactoara magnéticamanto fuera cuaíquter otro par de objetos son ottes formas distintas y/o diracciones de magnetización también distintas a ras de nuestra invención (fe equilibrio no se consigue con abas fernsas yfo magneíisactenau disfintus a tes de nuestra invención, ys que, en ottes siempre hay, al menos, una zona del campo de interaccion de dos objetos en is que actúan con más intensidad la atracion y ia gravedad que m repulsión magnética, lo que hace que uno de ios dos ornatos tienda a girar, modificando asi el campo magnético inicil y desestabilizando aún más el equilibrio de fuemas. con lo que acaban juntándose ios des objetas. This levitation effect is achieved by placing object one at a certain distance from object two, sharing vertical axes of symmetry of their transverse sections (if object two is of serrated development, object one will always share vertical symmetry only with one of its various transverse sections that could cut said vertical plenum of said object two) at that certain distance object one remains suspended if said object two has in its upper zone the same magnetic pole as the outer surface of object one, creating magnetic fields that generate a repulsion force between the two objects, a field that is stabilized by gravity when said magnetic and gravitational forces are compensated. This innovative magnetic field, fundamentally of object one, is what determines that the theoretical turn that the object could make does not change in any way the magnetic field created when the two objects interact - object one and object two - breaking this balance of forces if the one interacting with the magnetic mantle were any other pair of objects with other different shapes and/or directions of magnetization also different from our invention (balance is not achieved with both magnetic fields and magnetized objects different from our invention, and that, in others there is always, at least, one zone from the field of interaction of two objects in which attraction and gravity act more intensely than magnetic repulsion, which causes one of the two ornaments to tend to rotate, thus modifying the initial magnetic field and further destabilizing the balance of forces. With which the two objects end up joining together.

Reiteramos que ia psiarmaoldn magnética radial innovadora de is invención determina que tos "imanes demento-tos” que se formen dentro del material que forma el objeto una quedan orientados siempre con uno de ios palos, en si interior del objeto uno. y ni otro poto en =a supsrfiois exterior del objeto uno; elfo conforma lineas de campo magnético en su entorno que siguen los distintos- radios des objeto uno. Por olio, tos linees de fuerce serán lineas reates (al menea en su entorno cercano} que además coincidirán con dichos radios, y es el infinito sera donde tiendan s cerrarse exfodurmente dichas imeas de fuerza magnética. We reiterate that the innovative radial magnetic psiarmaoldn of this invention determines that the "dement magnets" that are formed within the material that forms the object are always oriented with one of the sticks, inside the object and the other point on the exterior surface of the object; it forms magnetic field lines in its environment that follow the different radii of the object. Therefore, the lines of force will be real lines (at least in their close environment) that will also coincide with said radii, and it is infinity where said lines of magnetic force tend to close exclusively.

Pare poder magnetizar de modo radial si abiete uno y también el objeto des - si este último na fuera pleno, se pueden utiiíaar los diapositivas que actuaimente magnetman radiaiments las piezas curvas tseotoresj que se incluyen en disposltivos como los motores electrios. In order to be able to magnetize radially if one opens and also the object - if the latter were not full, the slides that actually magnetize radiaiments the curved pieces called sensors that are included in devices such as electric motors can be used.

En ai caso de que fos piexas imantadas que sanfcmtan, tanto m objeto uno como ai objeto dos sean planas. su nwguattoacton será axial, maateutenda, eso sí, la regia de que stompre tendíamos el mismo signa de polo en una de sus dos grandes superficies, y al otro en la opuesto; a diferencia da le que ocurre en la superficie da ios bordes dei objeto das. donde tos dos polos compartirán dicha superficie}. In the case of the magnetized pieces that are present, both object one and object two are flat, their angle will be axial, but the rule is that we understand that we have the same sign of pole on one of its two large surfaces, and the other on the opposite one; unlike what happens on the surface of the edges of object two, where both poles will share said surface.

Paro aóiarsr más. si cabe, ia inriovaoiñn del dispositivo, fundamestsimente conseguido por la apartación del ubísto uno al dispositivo, junto a su particular magnefEscidn, se propone tornar corno ejemplo un prisma cuadranguiar reguisr -de pequefia áiturs respecta a su anchura- y magnetmsric axiaimsnfe según un eje vertical. Con éste tipo de magnetizacion podremos observar que las tineaa del campo magnético que se orna en te sena cerca al eje vertical de simetría serán prámioamente limas verticales, que irán curvándose a medida que nos vayamos aimando de dicho aje vertical da simetría. Én tórtcs ios casos debemos decir que tos imeas de campo msgnéticus siempre san curvas cerradas, pero, sn esa nona camena a su aje de simetría, la curva de dichas tineas tiende a cerrarse en el infinito Una vas determinado ese objafo de ejemplo, y también sus aracteristicas magnéticas, pensamos en enrollari siguiendo una circunferecia con lo que el objeto dejaré de ser plano y pasaré a convertirse su un objeto tubular, amntenlendo su grosor inicial. Si ahora volvemos a observar su campo magnético en el plano vertical contenido en la sección transversa en 'O' pasando por el punto medio de is longitud del tubo, varemos que todos las líneas da campo magnético conservan esa condición observada en las zonas cercenas al eje de simetría del prisma plano del que partid el nuevo objeto: las linees de campo magnético contenidas en dicho plano vertical del nuevo objeto tubuiar salen redan y tiendan también a cerrarse en el infinito. Pues bien, nuestro objeto une mantiene esa propiedad en toda fofo, siendo sus líneas de campo magnético mi merma, en todo su entorn extorior de influencla con el objeto dos) verdaderas líneas rectas, siguiendo todas ellas lineas sninoidentes con radios del oblato uno en todas loa puntos de ésta. To add further, if possible, the change in the device, fundamentally achieved by the separation of the device from the other, together with its particular magnification, it is proposed to take as an example a regular quadrangular prism -of small diameter in relation to its width- and magnetism axially along a vertical axis. With this type of magnetization we can observe that the lines of the magnetic field that are formed in the sine near the vertical axis of symmetry will be primarily vertical lines, which will bend as we move away from said vertical axis of symmetry. In such cases we must say that the magnetic field lines are always closed curves, but, if that nothing comes to their axis of symmetry, the curve of these lines tends to close at infinity. Once this example object is determined, and also its magnetic characteristics, we think of winding it following a circumference with which the object will stop being flat and will become a tubular object, maintaining its initial thickness. If now we observe its magnetic field again in the vertical plane contained in the cross section in 'O' passing through the midpoint of the length of the tube, we will see that all the magnetic field lines retain that condition observed in the areas close to the axis of symmetry of the flat prism from which the new object started: the magnetic field lines contained in said vertical plane of the new tubular object come out red and also tend to close at infinity. Well, our object maintains that property throughout its shape, its magnetic field lines being, without a decrease, throughout its external environment of influence with the object two) true straight lines, all of them following lines non-identical with radii of the oblate one at all points of it.

Otra matwrs da éxpíic^r el hecho de que las lineas de campo magnético del objeto uno sean rectas en la zana de imeracclón son el objeto dos se pueda entender si unimos por su cara lateral dos piezas de peguera altura y con magnstiaadón axial vertical Ai unirlas Isteraímerte "creamo’ una nueva pieza de mayor anchura en la que las curvas cerradas de les lineas de campo en los bardes de cada pieza que unimos dejan de ser curvas en esa zona de unión pasando a quedar esa zuna en el centre Peí nueva objeto y, per tanto aun lineas de campo casi verticales. que se cierran en el infinito. Another mathemat^r to explain the fact that the magnetic field lines of object one are straight in the interaction zone with object two can be understood if we join by their lateral face two pieces of very high height and with vertical axial magnification. By joining them together we "create" a new piece of greater width in which the closed curves of the field lines at the edges of each piece that we join stop being curved in that joining zone, leaving that zone in the center of the new object and, therefore, still almost vertical field lines, which close at infinity.

Para frnalizar reivindicar de nuevo la innovación que supone poder mantener suspendido un objeto sobre otro sin aporte de energía externa. Además, si si objeto dos tiene forme lineal, sbísrm s serrada, eí objeto uno podré incluso desplazarse a lo largo del objeto dos sin más esfuerzo que el del rozamiento con si aire (o manos si ese movimiento se realiza en espacio aún mée vacia). To conclude, we must once again claim the innovation of being able to keep one object suspended over another without any external energy input. Furthermore, if object two has a linear, or serrated, shape, object one can even move along object two without any effort other than friction with its air (or hands if this movement is carried out in a still more empty space).

Pera incorporar al mamado esta invención quo permite desplazar objetos sin que exista mas rozamiento que el del propio aína, se propone Incorporar un tercer objeto al dispositivo, siendo este temer objeto no rrmg cotizable, quedando sujeto si objeto uno y al que se unirán dos tiramos que cuelguen a cada lado del objeto dos y permitan sopodar ae ellos, mediants uno o mas orificios en sus extremes inferiores, cualquier objeto que se desee trasladar a lo largo del objeto dos. Otra opción que se propone es que si torcer objeto que se una al objeto uno sea un elemonto lineal siguiendo uno da los radies da la esfera reférsnoia del objeto uno. quedando dicho elemento lineal dirigido hacia abajo: dicho elemento líneas na seré magnetizable y llevara al menos, un orificio en su extremo inferior: sí abiete dos dispondrá de uná perforación, que continuará a lo largo del recorri del mismo par el e|e de su secciones transversales. quedando el elemento linel referida siempre en su vertical, lo que también permitirá sustentar de él cualquier objeto, que podré ate trasiadarse a lo largo del objeto dos. In order to incorporate this invention into the device, which allows objects to be moved without any friction other than that of the object itself, it is proposed to incorporate a third object into the device, this being a non-magnetic object, which will be attached to object one and to which two straps will be attached that hang on each side of object two and allow any object that is desired to be moved along object two to be supported by means of one or more holes at their lower ends. Another option that is proposed is that the object that is attached to object one is a linear element following one of the radii of the reference sphere of object one, with said linear element pointing downwards: said linear element will not be magnetizable and will have at least one hole at its lower end: if it opens two it will have a perforation, which will continue along the I ran the same pair through the e|e of its cross sections. The linear element is always referred to in its vertical, which will also allow any object to be supported from it, which can be moved along object two.

REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA. INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Sera de neodimio; si objeto uno, de forma esferica y de una pieza hueca; el objeto dos, piano y de más de una pieza, el ser de mayor dimensión que el objeto uno. It will be neodymium; if object one, it will be spherical and made of one hollow piece; object two, flat and made of more than one piece, the being of greater dimension than object one.

Claims

1. Magnetic levitation device consisting of two different objects, characterized by being magnetized in a very precise way. Object one with its shape based on a sphere, characterized in that the magnetic pole located on the outside of it is always of the same sign, with the other magnetic pole - that of the other sign - always remaining inside said object one. As for object two, it is at least the same horizontal extension as object one, and its magnetization is characterized because the magnetic fields that are created due to its particular magnetization -at least in the environment of interaction with object one-, create lines of magnetic force according to perpendiculars to the tangent plane of its own surface at each point of it, the same sign of pole being also always the one that remains on the upper face of object two, its other pole of said object two always being on its lower face, and the sign of the pole of the outside face of object one coinciding with the sign of the pole of the upper face of object two. The device requires that object one always be placed between object two, with the two objects sharing the vertical axes of symmetry of their transverse sections. If object two is a closed development, object one will always share an axis of vertical symmetry with only one of its various transverse sections that could cut said vertical plane with the two objects.

2. Device according to claim 1 in which object one has the shape of a perfect sphere, and its magnetization is such that the lines of the magnetic field that creates said magnetization - at least in the environment where it will interact with the second object of the device - will always coincide with the lines of the radii that determine its spherical shape, that is, radial magnetization in three dimensions.

3. Device according to claim 1, in which the object one has the shape of a polyhedron of multiple flat polygons, and can be inscribed in a sphere. In this case, since said pieces are flat polygons, the magnetization of each polygon will be axial, n radial.

4. Device according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein object two is a piano.

5. Device according to any of claims 1 to 3, in which its object two has glass or bowl-shaped, that is, concave.

6. Device according to any of claims 1 to 3, in which object two has a half-round shape, that is, with a linearly developed and open shape in which its cross section is "U" shaped.

7. Device according to any of claims 1 to 3, in which the object two is shaped like a half-round, that is, with a linearly developed but curved shape, in which its cross section is shaped like a "U"

8. Device according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein object one is formed by a single magnetized piece, and object two is formed by a single magnetized piece.

9. Device according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein object one is formed by more than one magnetized piece, pieces of object one that will be permanently glued to each other by their lateral faces, thus forming the outer surface of object one, and object two is formed by a single magnetized piece.

10. Device according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein object one is formed by a magnetized piece, and object two is formed by more than one magnetized piece, pieces of object two that will be joined together in a permanent fashion, thus forming its surface.

11. Device as claimed in claims 1 to 7, in which object one is made up of more than one magnetized piece, pieces of object one that will be permanently attached to each other and attracted by their lateral faces, thus forming the outer surface of object one; and object two is made up of more than one magnetized piece, pieces of object two that will be permanently attached to each other, thus forming its surface.

12. Device according to any of claims 1 to 3, or any of claims 6 to 11, wherein object one is permanently attached to a linear element oriented along one of the radii of the reference sphere of object one, object one being placed on object two such that said linear element is directed downwards. Said linear element will not be magnetisable and will have, at least, a hole at its lower end. In its object two, a perforation will be arranged at its lowest point, which will run along the path of the same through the centre of its cross sections.

13. Device according to any of claims 1 to 3, or any of claims 6 to 11, wherein a non-magnetizable piece is permanently attached to object one, and from which two straps hang on each side of object two. Said straps will have at least one hole each at their lower end.

14. Device according to any of claims 1 to 13, wherein object one is not hollow, but solid.