WO2024205615A1 - Fertilizer composition and process for obtaining the same - Google Patents
Fertilizer composition and process for obtaining the same Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024205615A1 WO2024205615A1 PCT/US2023/025106 US2023025106W WO2024205615A1 WO 2024205615 A1 WO2024205615 A1 WO 2024205615A1 US 2023025106 W US2023025106 W US 2023025106W WO 2024205615 A1 WO2024205615 A1 WO 2024205615A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer composition
- composition according
- weight
- concentration
- potassium
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 claims description 12
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005819 Potassium phosphonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209056 Secale Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007238 Secale cereale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- FAYYUXPSKDFLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S FAYYUXPSKDFLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- YXXXKCDYKKSZHL-UHFFFAOYSA-M dipotassium;dioxido(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][P+]([O-])=O YXXXKCDYKKSZHL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021073 macronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metaphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003050 macronutrient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021232 nutrient availability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/27—Dispersions, e.g. suspensions or emulsions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fertilizer composition for the controlled release of nutrients, a process for obtaining that fertilizer composition and a method for stimulating crop growth.
- Solid urea-based fertilizers have the disadvantage of being highly inefficient (a high % of the applied N is lost through leaching and volatilization), resulting in economic losses and harmful impact on the environment (eutrophication of continental water basins, contamination of the atmosphere with greenhouse gases). These losses are significantly reduced when liquid fertilizers are applied and even more if the fertilizer contains nanoparticles that "store and protect" the urea once it comes in contact with the soil.
- Carmona, F.J., et al. (2021) describes an amorphous calcium phosphate and urea nanofertilizer.
- the amorphous calcium phosphate is obtained from Ca(NOs)2, Naa (citrate), NaaCOa, K2HPO4 and KNO3, and requires several preparation and purification stages that make the process expensive.
- the US8696784 patent describes a fertilizer composition in which a macronutrient containing nitrogen is adsorbed on the surface of hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles (UHA) and a method for the slow release of nitrogen to the soil using that fertilizer composition.
- UHA hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles
- Those hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles are synthesized from calcium hydroxide and phosphoric acid, and urea is adsorbed as a source of nitrogen.
- the WO2022180504 patent document describes a method for sustained release of macronutrients providing a composition of phosphate nanoparticles, optionally combined with a nitrogen source. In addition, it describes a synthesis method of that nanofertilizer composition prepared by means of a mechanochemical force.
- Liquid nitrogen fertilizers must be competitive if they are to be used on a large scale. Using only urea as a nitrogen source, the possible solutions to prepare (due to the finite solubility of urea in water) reach values around 20% nitrogen. However, commercial fertilizers require higher nitrogen concentrations.
- the fertilizers found in prior art comprise urea as the only nitrogen source. Therefore, the invention disclosed herein, allows to solve the described problem by providing a fertilizer composition comprising at least two sources of nitrogen, thus providing nitrogen in three different forms, such as urea, nitrate and ammonium. In this way, the concentration of N in the fertilizer is increased, making it possible to prepare solutions with higher nitrogen concentrations.
- the invention disclosed herein also provides a process for obtaining said fertilizer composition, which is simple, inexpensive and environmentally friendly, and a method for stimulating the growth of a crop, increasing the yield and improving the efficiency of the use of fertilizers, thereby reducing losses and environmental impact.
- the main object of the present invention is a fertilizer composition
- phosphate nanoparticles and at least two nitrogen sources selected from a group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and their combinations.
- the nitrogen concentration is up to 32% by weight and the concentration of phosphate nanoparticles is up to 70% by weight.
- the phosphate nanoparticles comprise hydroxyapatite.
- the nitrate source is selected from the group comprised of ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate and their combinations; and said ammonium source is selected from the group comprised of ammonium nitrate, ammonium thiosulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonia, and combinations thereof.
- the fertilizer composition comprises urea and ammonium nitrate as nitrogen sources.
- the fertilizer composition comprises urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium thiosulfate.
- the urea concentration is between 0.10 to 80% by weight
- the ammonium nitrate concentration is between 0.10 to 80% by weight
- the ammonium thiosulfate concentration is between 1 to 35% by weight.
- the fertilizer composition further comprises another nutrient selected from a group consisting of sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, cobalt, selenium, chlorine, copper, manganese, molybdenum and their combinations.
- another nutrient selected from a group consisting of sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, cobalt, selenium, chlorine, copper, manganese, molybdenum and their combinations.
- the sulfur concentration is between 1 to 10% by weight
- zinc concentration is between 0.01 to 5% by weight
- potassium concentration is between 0.1 to 20% by weight.
- Another object of the present invention is a method for stimulating the growth of a crop, which comprises providing a fertilizer composition comprising phosphate nanoparticles and at least two nitrogen sources selected from a group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and their combinations.
- the fertilizer composition can be applied to the crop directly into the soil, spraying the foliar, injecting the composition with the irrigation water or combining said forms of application.
- the present invention describes a method for obtaining a fertilizer composition
- a method for obtaining a fertilizer composition comprising the following steps: a) providing a suspension comprising phosphate nanoparticles; b) centrifuging said suspension of nanoparticles to obtain a concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles; c) contacting the concentrated suspension resulting from step b) with a solution comprising at least two nitrogen sources selected from the group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and their combinations.
- Step a) comprises preparing a Ca(0H)2 solution and adding phosphoric acid under stirring until a pH of 5 to 8 is reached.
- the stirring speed in step a) is preferably in the range of 1,200 to 2,500 rpm. More preferably, said stirring speed is 1,800 rpm.
- the rate of addition of phosphoric acid in step a) is preferably in the range from 1 to 600 mL/min. More preferably, said addition rate is 15 mL/min.
- Step b) comprises centrifuging that suspension at a speed of 10,000 to 20,000 rpm for 10 to 30 minutes.
- Step c) comprises adding the solution to the concentrated suspension and stirring until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.
- step c) is carried out under stirring with a stirring speed of at least 1600 rpm and the solution can also comprise other nutrients selected from the group consisting of sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, cobalt, selenium, chlorine, copper, manganese, molybdenum and their combinations.
- Figure 1 Structure of the phosphate nanoparticles obtained by TEM microscopy.
- Figure 2 Average yield of com according to treatments.
- Figure 3 Average nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of com according to treatments.
- Figure 4 Increase in average yields compared to the same urea dose.
- Figure 5 Average increase in nitrogen use efficiency compared to the same urea dose.
- An object of the present invention is a fertilizer composition comprising phosphate nanoparticles combined with at least two nitrogen sources.
- Fertilizers contain necessary nutrients that contribute to plant growth.
- the main nutrients are nitrogen (N), potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) but other nutrients such as iron, copper, zinc, boron, cobalt, sulfur, selenium, chlorine, manganese, molybdenum, etc., could also be used.
- the terms “comprising” and “consisting” is to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features, steps or components as referred to, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more features, steps, or components, or groups thereof. Further, the term “comprising” is intended to include examples and aspects encompassed by the term “consisting of.” There are a number of values disclosed herein, and that each value is also herein disclosed as “about” that particular value in addition to the value itself.
- nanoparticles refers to nanometer-sized particles with a particle size approximately in the range of 0,1 to 1,000 nm.
- nitrogen source refers to any substance capable of supplying nitrogen to a crop.
- nitrogen dose refers to the amount of nitrogen applied to the field.
- the phosphate nanoparticles can be selected from the group consisting of hydroxyapatite, amorphous calcium phosphate, and their combinations.
- the phosphate nanoparticles comprise hydroxyapatite.
- Said hydroxyapatite nanoparticles have a crystalline structure, are porous and allow nutrients to settle inside the pores. This allows nutrients to be released slowly and nutrient availability to be prolonged throughout the life of the crop.
- said phosphate nanoparticles provide nutrients such as phosphorus and calcium.
- the pore volume of the nanoparticles is approximately 0.5 cm/g.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in a concentration of up to 70% by weight.
- concentration of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles is up to 10% by weight.
- the nitrogen sources can be selected from the group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and combinations thereof.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention provides nitrogen in three different forms.
- the nitrate source is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate and their combinations.
- the ammonium source is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, ammonium thiosulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonia, and their combinations.
- the nitrogen concentration of the fertilizer composition of the present invention can be varied to obtain an economically viable product, since for soil applications it is required that the fertilizer contains a nitrogen concentration of at least 20% by weight.
- the nitrogen concentration in the fertilizer composition of the present invention is up to 32% by weight.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises urea and ammonium nitrate as nitrogen sources.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention may further comprise ammonium thiosulfate which provides both nitrogen and sulfur. When ammonium thiosulfate is used, it provides sulfur which, together with nitrogen, shows a synergy that improves crop yield and efficiency in the use of nitrogen. Sulfur and nitrogen are essential components that are part of the structure of enzymes and reserve proteins in grains.
- the concentrations of the various nitrogen sources can be varied to obtain the desired nitrogen concentration in the fertilizer composition of the present invention.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises urea in a concentration of between 0.10 to 80% by weight.
- the urea concentration is between 28 to 46% by weight.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises ammonium nitrate in a concentration of between 0.10 to 80% by weight.
- the concentration of ammonium nitrate is between 14 to 24% by weight.
- the relative ratios of ammonium nitrate and urea can be variable. In a preferred embodiment, said ratio can vary from 50% N derived from urea and ammonium nitrate, to values of 30% N derived from ammonium nitrate and 70% N from urea. Using this concentration of urea, the crystallization point of the fertilizer composition obtained is less than -15°C, which allows its use in cold climates.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises ammonium thiosulfate in a concentration of between 1 to 35% by weight.
- the concentration of ammonium thiosulfate is between 6 to 10% by weight.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention may comprise other nutrients such as sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, cobalt, selenium, chlorine, copper, manganese, molybdenum, and combinations thereof.
- these nutrients can be added in the form of nanoparticles, dissolved salts, or chelates.
- the fertilizer composition further comprises a source of sulfur.
- a source of sulfur is selected from the group consisting of elemental sulfur, ammonium thiosulfate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, potassium thiosulfate, calcium thiosulfate, and their combinations.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises sulfur in a concentration of between 1 to 10% by weight
- the fertilizer composition further comprises a source of zinc.
- a source of zinc is selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, zinc chelates (citrate, lignosulfonate or EDTA), zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc acetate, zinc sulfate, and combinations thereof.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises zinc in a concentration of between 0.01 to 5% by weight.
- the fertilizer composition further comprises a source of potassium.
- said source of potassium is selected from the group consisting of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, potassium phosphite, and combinations thereof.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises potassium in a concentration of between 0.1 to 20% by weight.
- Another object of the present invention is a process for obtaining a fertilizer composition
- a process for obtaining a fertilizer composition comprising the following steps: a) providing a suspension comprising phosphate nanoparticles, b) centrifuging said suspension to obtain a concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles, and c) contacting the concentrated suspension resulting from step b) with a solution comprising at least two nitrogen sources selected from the group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and combinations thereof.
- the process for obtaining the fertilizer composition according to the present invention allows obtaining a fertilizer composition with a nitrogen concentration preferably between 19% to 32% by weight.
- a suspension of phosphate nanoparticles is prepared by chemical method. More preferably, the suspension of phosphate nanoparticles is obtained by neutralizing calcium hydroxide with phosphoric acid.
- Phosphoric acid is added to a calcium hydroxide solution under stirring at room temperature until reaching a pH in the suspension of phosphate nanoparticles within the range of 5 to 8.
- the pH of the resulting suspension is 7.5.
- the rate of addition of phosphoric acid in step a) is preferably in the range from 1 to 600 mL/min. More preferably, said addition rate is 15 mL/min.
- the stirring speed in step a) is preferably in the range of 1,200 to 2,500 rpm. More preferably, said stirring speed is 1,800 rpm.
- the process according to the present invention is characterized in that once the phosphate nanoparticle solution is obtained, it comprises centrifuging said suspension of phosphate nanoparticles, and subsequently redispersing said centrifuged nanoparticles in a solution containing the desired nutrients.
- centrifuging is more economical than drying conventionally used.
- step b) the suspension comprising phosphate nanoparticles is centrifuged at a speed of 10,000 to 20,000 rpm for 10 to 30 minutes to obtaining a concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles, and water is separated. This water obtained is entirely reused to prepare the calcium hydroxide solution from step a) and the solution that includes the nitrogen sources from step c), which makes the process 100% sustainable without the generation of effluents.
- the concentration of phosphate nanoparticles in said concentrated suspension is preferably between 15 to 30% by weight. More preferably, said concentration is between 18 to 26 % by weight. More preferably, said concentration is between 20 to 24 % by weight.
- step c) the redispersion of the centrifuged phosphate nanoparticles is carried out in a nutrient solution under agitation.
- the stirring speed is essential.
- the stirring speed in step c) is at least 1,600 rpm.
- the amounts of the concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles and the nutrient solution can be adjusted to obtain the fertilizer composition with the desired nutrients.
- the concentration of the concentrated suspension of nanoparticles is in the range of between 30 to 50% by weight. More preferably, said concentration is between 35 to 46 % by weight. More preferably, said concentration is between 39 to 44 % by weight.
- the nutrient solution is prepared from the nutrients required to obtain the desired fertilizer composition.
- said nutrient solution comprises at least two nitrogen sources selected from the group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium, and combinations thereof.
- said nutrient solution may further comprise other nutrients such as sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, cobalt, selenium, chlorine, copper, manganese, molybdenum, and combinations thereof.
- the temperature can optionally be increased to favor the dilution of the reagents used. Said temperature will depend on the reagents and their concentration. Preferably, said solution is heated to a temperature of at least 40°C.
- the fertilizer composition of the present invention can be obtained in liquid or dry form from an optional drying step.
- Another object of the present invention is a method for stimulating the growth of a crop and improving the efficiency of nitrogen use, by applying the fertilizer composition of the present invention.
- the form of fertilizer composition application can be, without restriction, a) direct soil application, mechanical spread by broadcasting or deep soil placement by injection, b) foliar spray application or c) fertigation: injecting the fertilizer solution with the irrigation water and any of the combinations of a, b and c.
- the nitrogen dose can vary according to the use. Preferably the nitrogen dose is between 0.1 to 30 kgN/ha in foliar applications, and 0.1 to 300 kgN/ha in soil applications. The doses can be applied in a single application without damaging the crop or in successive applications of different doses. Soil and foliar applications can also be combined.
- the fertilizer composition can be applied to all crops that require nitrogen as fertilizer.
- the crop is selected from the group consisting of com, wheat, rice, sorghum, barley, oats, rye, sunflower, soybean, rapeseed, fruit trees, and vegetables.
- the method for stimulating the growth of a crop of the present invention enables higher crop yields to be obtained and nitrogen use efficiency to be improved.
- the nitrogen dose can be decreased, which represents a lower amount of N applied, maintaining the performance for the conditions in which the tests were carried out.
- composition of the present invention By applying the composition of the present invention, a response is obtained (increase in performance with respect to the control) that is triple with respect to urea and 40% greater than with UHA. Likewise, it has four times more efficiency in the use of nitrogen than urea, and 3 times more efficiency than UHA. Moreover, the dose could be reduced by about 45 kg N, which represents between 50% less N applied, maintaining the performance for the conditions in which the tests were carried out. Examples:
- the suspension obtained was centrifuged, obtaining a concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles (NPF) with a nanoparticle concentration of 22% by weight.
- NPF phosphate nanoparticles
- Said phosphate nanoparticles correspond to hydroxyapatite since they present a crystalline structure that corresponds to the structure of said compound.
- the particle size of the phosphate nanoparticles was determined by observation with TEM microscope, and the pore volume by N2 adsorption sortometry.
- the NanoNS formulation was prepared from NPF, using urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium thiosulfate as nitrogen and sulfur sources.
- the NanoNS-Zn formulation was prepared from NPF, using urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium thiosulfate as nitrogen and sulfur sources. Additionally, a source of zinc was incorporated in the form of Zn oxide nanoparticles
- NanoNS-ZnK formulation was prepared from NPF, using urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium thiosulfate as nitrogen and sulfur sources. Additionally, nanoparticles of Zn oxide and potassium chloride were incorporated.
- Table 1 presents the different formulations of the fertilizer compositions prepared.
- Table 1 Formulations of the different fertilizer compositions prepared according to the present invention.
- the formulations that include zinc it was incorporated in the form of Zn oxide nanoparticles, which were obtained from a modificated process published in the literature (H SWasly, M S Abd El-Sadek and Khalid Mujasam Batoo. Mater. Res. Express 6 (2019) 055003).
- the formulations developed were evaluated in corn cultivation field. Fertilization trials were carried out on the corn crop in 6 sites located in the center-south of Entre Rios. In each of these sites, 9 treatments were evaluated (Table 2).
- the experimental design used was randomized complete blocks (DBCA) with 3 repetitions, and the experimental units were 40 m 2 .
- Table 2 Treatments, applied nitrogen doses and formulations used in corn crop.
- the liquid fertilizer compositions were applied with a backpack sprayer with a constant flow rate in a streamed manner to the soil. At the end of the crop cycle, the crop was harvested, the yield was expressed at 14% humidity in kg/ha. Nitrogen use efficiency was evaluated through the relationship between the kg of extra maize harvested and the dose of nitrogen used.
- the NanoNS formulation of the fertilizer composition of the present invention was evaluated in the field in wheat crops.
- Nine fertilization treatments were carried out on the wheat crop in 6 sites located in the south center of Entre Rios (Table 3).
- Table 3 Treatments, applied nitrogen doses and formulations used in wheat cultivation.
- Figure 1 shows the results obtained from the analysis by TEM microscopy of the phosphate nanoparticles synthesized according to the present invention. Nanoparticles are observed to have an average particle size of between 20 and 40 nm. By N2 adsorption sortometry it was possible to determine that the pore volume of said nanoparticles is approximately 0.5 cm 3 /g.
- Table 4 summarizes the nutrient content of the fertilizer compositions prepared. Table 4:
- NUE nitrogen use efficiency
- NUE (grainf - grainO) / Nf
- grain grain yield (kg/ha) f, fertilized treatment
- Table 5 summarizes the crop yields and nitrogen use efficiencies of the treatments carried out on corn crops.
- Table 5 Grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) averages per treatment in corn field experiments.
- Figures 2 and 3 report the average results of yields and nitrogen use efficiencies for the various treatments carried out on corn crops.
- Figure 4 shows that, compared to the same dose of nitrogen, UHA had a 9% increase in yield compared to conventional urea.
- the NanoN composition of the present invention an increase of 12% was obtained.
- the maximum increase in crop yield is obtained for the NanoNS fertilizer composition, which comprises the three nitrogen sources and sulfur.
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Abstract
The present invention describes a fertilizer composition comprising phosphate nanoparticles and at least two nitrogen sources selected from a group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and their combinations; and a process for obtaining said composition. In addition, it is described a method for stimulating crop growth that includes the use of the fertilizer composition, which allows increasing yield and the nitrogen use efficiency.
Description
FERTILIZER COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING THE SAME
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims priority to AR Patent Application No. P20230100755, filed March 28, 2023, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fertilizer composition for the controlled release of nutrients, a process for obtaining that fertilizer composition and a method for stimulating crop growth.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Solid urea-based fertilizers have the disadvantage of being highly inefficient (a high % of the applied N is lost through leaching and volatilization), resulting in economic losses and harmful impact on the environment (eutrophication of continental water basins, contamination of the atmosphere with greenhouse gases). These losses are significantly reduced when liquid fertilizers are applied and even more if the fertilizer contains nanoparticles that "store and protect" the urea once it comes in contact with the soil.
In the prior art, fertilizers based on urea adsorbed on nanoparticles for the slow release of nitrogen to the soil are already known.
Carmona, F.J., et al. (2021) describes an amorphous calcium phosphate and urea nanofertilizer. The amorphous calcium phosphate is obtained from Ca(NOs)2, Naa (citrate), NaaCOa, K2HPO4 and KNO3, and requires several preparation and purification stages that make the process expensive.
The US8696784 patent describes a fertilizer composition in which a macronutrient containing nitrogen is adsorbed on the surface of hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles (UHA) and a method for the slow release of nitrogen to the soil using that fertilizer composition. Those hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles are synthesized from calcium hydroxide and phosphoric acid, and urea is adsorbed as a source of nitrogen.
The WO2022180504 patent document describes a method for sustained release of macronutrients providing a composition of phosphate nanoparticles, optionally combined with a nitrogen source. In addition, it describes a synthesis method of that nanofertilizer composition prepared by means of a mechanochemical force.
Liquid nitrogen fertilizers must be competitive if they are to be used on a large scale. Using only urea as a nitrogen source, the possible solutions to prepare (due to the finite solubility of urea in water) reach values around 20% nitrogen. However, commercial fertilizers require higher nitrogen concentrations.
The fertilizers found in prior art comprise urea as the only nitrogen source. Therefore, the invention disclosed herein, allows to solve the described problem by providing a fertilizer composition comprising at least two sources of nitrogen, thus providing nitrogen in three different forms, such as urea, nitrate and ammonium. In this way, the concentration of N in the fertilizer is increased, making it possible to prepare solutions with higher nitrogen concentrations.
The invention disclosed herein also provides a process for obtaining said fertilizer composition, which is simple, inexpensive and environmentally friendly, and a method for stimulating the growth of a crop, increasing the yield and improving the efficiency of the use of fertilizers, thereby reducing losses and environmental impact.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the present invention is a fertilizer composition comprising phosphate nanoparticles and at least two nitrogen sources selected from a group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and their combinations. Preferably, the nitrogen concentration is up to 32% by weight and the concentration of phosphate nanoparticles is up to 70% by weight. Preferably, the phosphate nanoparticles comprise hydroxyapatite.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrate source is selected from the group comprised of ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate and their combinations; and said ammonium source is selected from the group comprised of ammonium nitrate, ammonium thiosulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonia, and combinations thereof.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fertilizer composition comprises urea and ammonium nitrate as nitrogen sources. In another preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition comprises urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium thiosulfate. Preferably, the urea concentration is between 0.10 to 80% by weight, the ammonium nitrate concentration is between 0.10 to 80% by weight and the ammonium thiosulfate concentration is between 1 to 35% by weight.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fertilizer composition further comprises another nutrient selected from a group consisting of sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, cobalt, selenium, chlorine, copper, manganese, molybdenum and their combinations. Preferably, the sulfur concentration is between 1 to 10% by weight, zinc concentration is between 0.01 to 5% by weight and/or potassium concentration is between 0.1 to 20% by weight.
Another object of the present invention is a method for stimulating the growth of a crop, which comprises providing a fertilizer composition comprising phosphate nanoparticles and at
least two nitrogen sources selected from a group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and their combinations.
The fertilizer composition can be applied to the crop directly into the soil, spraying the foliar, injecting the composition with the irrigation water or combining said forms of application.
In addition, the present invention describes a method for obtaining a fertilizer composition comprising the following steps: a) providing a suspension comprising phosphate nanoparticles; b) centrifuging said suspension of nanoparticles to obtain a concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles; c) contacting the concentrated suspension resulting from step b) with a solution comprising at least two nitrogen sources selected from the group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and their combinations.
Step a) comprises preparing a Ca(0H)2 solution and adding phosphoric acid under stirring until a pH of 5 to 8 is reached. The stirring speed in step a) is preferably in the range of 1,200 to 2,500 rpm. More preferably, said stirring speed is 1,800 rpm. The rate of addition of phosphoric acid in step a) is preferably in the range from 1 to 600 mL/min. More preferably, said addition rate is 15 mL/min.
Step b) comprises centrifuging that suspension at a speed of 10,000 to 20,000 rpm for 10 to 30 minutes.
Step c) comprises adding the solution to the concentrated suspension and stirring until a homogeneous mixture is obtained. Wherein step c) is carried out under stirring with a stirring speed of at least 1600 rpm and the solution can also comprise other nutrients selected from the
group consisting of sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, cobalt, selenium, chlorine, copper, manganese, molybdenum and their combinations.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIGURES
Figure 1: Structure of the phosphate nanoparticles obtained by TEM microscopy.
Figure 2: Average yield of com according to treatments.
Figure 3: Average nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of com according to treatments.
Figure 4: Increase in average yields compared to the same urea dose.
Figure 5: Average increase in nitrogen use efficiency compared to the same urea dose.
DETAIEED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is a fertilizer composition comprising phosphate nanoparticles combined with at least two nitrogen sources.
Fertilizers contain necessary nutrients that contribute to plant growth. The main nutrients are nitrogen (N), potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) but other nutrients such as iron, copper, zinc, boron, cobalt, sulfur, selenium, chlorine, manganese, molybdenum, etc., could also be used.
Prior to describing the various aspects of the present invention, the following definitions are provided.
As used herein, the terms “comprising” and “consisting” is to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features, steps or components as referred to, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more features, steps, or components, or groups thereof. Further, the term “comprising” is intended to include examples and aspects encompassed by the term “consisting of.”
There are a number of values disclosed herein, and that each value is also herein disclosed as “about” that particular value in addition to the value itself.
As used herein, the term "nanoparticles" refers to nanometer-sized particles with a particle size approximately in the range of 0,1 to 1,000 nm.
As used herein, the term "nitrogen source" refers to any substance capable of supplying nitrogen to a crop.
As used herein, the term “nitrogen dose” refers to the amount of nitrogen applied to the field.
According to the present invention, the phosphate nanoparticles can be selected from the group consisting of hydroxyapatite, amorphous calcium phosphate, and their combinations.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the phosphate nanoparticles comprise hydroxyapatite. Said hydroxyapatite nanoparticles have a crystalline structure, are porous and allow nutrients to settle inside the pores. This allows nutrients to be released slowly and nutrient availability to be prolonged throughout the life of the crop. In addition, said phosphate nanoparticles provide nutrients such as phosphorus and calcium. The pore volume of the nanoparticles is approximately 0.5 cm/g.
In a preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in a concentration of up to 70% by weight. Preferably, the concentration of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles is up to 10% by weight.
In a preferred embodiment, the nitrogen sources can be selected from the group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and combinations thereof. Thus, the fertilizer composition of the present invention provides nitrogen in three different forms.
In a preferred embodiment, the nitrate source is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate and their combinations.
In a preferred embodiment, the ammonium source is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, ammonium thiosulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonia, and their combinations.
The nitrogen concentration of the fertilizer composition of the present invention can be varied to obtain an economically viable product, since for soil applications it is required that the fertilizer contains a nitrogen concentration of at least 20% by weight. Preferably, the nitrogen concentration in the fertilizer composition of the present invention is up to 32% by weight.
In a preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises urea and ammonium nitrate as nitrogen sources. In another preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition of the present invention may further comprise ammonium thiosulfate which provides both nitrogen and sulfur. When ammonium thiosulfate is used, it provides sulfur which, together with nitrogen, shows a synergy that improves crop yield and efficiency in the use of nitrogen. Sulfur and nitrogen are essential components that are part of the structure of enzymes and reserve proteins in grains.
The concentrations of the various nitrogen sources can be varied to obtain the desired nitrogen concentration in the fertilizer composition of the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises urea in a concentration of between 0.10 to 80% by weight. Preferably, the urea concentration is between 28 to 46% by weight.
In a preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises ammonium nitrate in a concentration of between 0.10 to 80% by weight. Preferably, the concentration of ammonium nitrate is between 14 to 24% by weight.
The relative ratios of ammonium nitrate and urea can be variable. In a preferred embodiment, said ratio can vary from 50% N derived from urea and ammonium nitrate, to values of 30% N derived from ammonium nitrate and 70% N from urea. Using this concentration of urea, the crystallization point of the fertilizer composition obtained is less than -15°C, which allows its use in cold climates.
In a preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises ammonium thiosulfate in a concentration of between 1 to 35% by weight. Preferably, the concentration of ammonium thiosulfate is between 6 to 10% by weight.
The fertilizer composition of the present invention may comprise other nutrients such as sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, cobalt, selenium, chlorine, copper, manganese, molybdenum, and combinations thereof. In a preferred embodiment, these nutrients can be added in the form of nanoparticles, dissolved salts, or chelates.
In a preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition further comprises a source of sulfur. Preferably, said source of sulfur is selected from the group consisting of elemental sulfur, ammonium thiosulfate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, potassium thiosulfate, calcium thiosulfate, and their combinations.
In a preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises sulfur in a concentration of between 1 to 10% by weight,
In a preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition further comprises a source of zinc. Preferably, said source of zinc is selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, zinc chelates (citrate, lignosulfonate or EDTA), zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc acetate, zinc sulfate, and combinations thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises zinc in a concentration of between 0.01 to 5% by weight.
In another preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition further comprises a source of potassium. Preferably, said source of potassium is selected from the group consisting of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, potassium phosphite, and combinations thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the fertilizer composition of the present invention comprises potassium in a concentration of between 0.1 to 20% by weight.
Another object of the present invention is a process for obtaining a fertilizer composition comprising the following steps: a) providing a suspension comprising phosphate nanoparticles, b) centrifuging said suspension to obtain a concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles, and c) contacting the concentrated suspension resulting from step b) with a solution comprising at least two nitrogen sources selected from the group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and combinations thereof.
The process for obtaining the fertilizer composition according to the present invention allows obtaining a fertilizer composition with a nitrogen concentration preferably between 19% to 32% by weight.
In a preferred embodiment, in step a) a suspension of phosphate nanoparticles is prepared by chemical method. More preferably, the suspension of phosphate nanoparticles is obtained by neutralizing calcium hydroxide with phosphoric acid.
Phosphoric acid is added to a calcium hydroxide solution under stirring at room temperature until reaching a pH in the suspension of phosphate nanoparticles within the range of 5 to 8. Preferably, the pH of the resulting suspension is 7.5.
The rate of addition of phosphoric acid in step a) is preferably in the range from 1 to 600 mL/min. More preferably, said addition rate is 15 mL/min.
The stirring speed in step a) is preferably in the range of 1,200 to 2,500 rpm. More preferably, said stirring speed is 1,800 rpm.
The process according to the present invention is characterized in that once the phosphate nanoparticle solution is obtained, it comprises centrifuging said suspension of phosphate nanoparticles, and subsequently redispersing said centrifuged nanoparticles in a solution containing the desired nutrients. This makes it possible to obtain fertilizer compositions with high concentrations of nutrients, since when centrifuging, the water that dilutes them is eliminated. On the other hand, centrifuging is more economical than drying conventionally used.
In step b) the suspension comprising phosphate nanoparticles is centrifuged at a speed of 10,000 to 20,000 rpm for 10 to 30 minutes to obtaining a concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles, and water is separated. This water obtained is entirely reused to prepare the calcium hydroxide solution from step a) and the solution that includes the nitrogen sources from step c), which makes the process 100% sustainable without the generation of effluents.
The concentration of phosphate nanoparticles in said concentrated suspension is preferably between 15 to 30% by weight. More preferably, said concentration is between 18 to 26 % by weight. More preferably, said concentration is between 20 to 24 % by weight.
In step c) the redispersion of the centrifuged phosphate nanoparticles is carried out in a nutrient solution under agitation. To obtain an adequate redispersion of nanoparticles, the stirring speed is essential. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stirring speed in step c) is at least 1,600 rpm. In this way, the final dispersion obtained is stable, that is, it does not precipitate, forming sludge at the bottom of the container, even after several months. This is particularly important for a commercial product, since if it forms a solid at the bottom of the
storage container, it creates problems in redispersion before use and therefore in field application.
The amounts of the concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles and the nutrient solution can be adjusted to obtain the fertilizer composition with the desired nutrients. Preferably, the concentration of the concentrated suspension of nanoparticles is in the range of between 30 to 50% by weight. More preferably, said concentration is between 35 to 46 % by weight. More preferably, said concentration is between 39 to 44 % by weight.
The nutrient solution is prepared from the nutrients required to obtain the desired fertilizer composition. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said nutrient solution comprises at least two nitrogen sources selected from the group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium, and combinations thereof. In another preferred embodiment, said nutrient solution may further comprise other nutrients such as sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, cobalt, selenium, chlorine, copper, manganese, molybdenum, and combinations thereof.
For the preparation of nutrient solutions, the temperature can optionally be increased to favor the dilution of the reagents used. Said temperature will depend on the reagents and their concentration. Preferably, said solution is heated to a temperature of at least 40°C.
The fertilizer composition of the present invention can be obtained in liquid or dry form from an optional drying step.
Another object of the present invention is a method for stimulating the growth of a crop and improving the efficiency of nitrogen use, by applying the fertilizer composition of the present invention. The form of fertilizer composition application can be, without restriction, a) direct soil application, mechanical spread by broadcasting or deep soil placement by injection, b) foliar spray application or c) fertigation: injecting the fertilizer solution with the irrigation water and any of the combinations of a, b and c.
The nitrogen dose can vary according to the use. Preferably the nitrogen dose is between 0.1 to 30 kgN/ha in foliar applications, and 0.1 to 300 kgN/ha in soil applications. The doses can be applied in a single application without damaging the crop or in successive applications of different doses. Soil and foliar applications can also be combined.
According to the present invention, the fertilizer composition can be applied to all crops that require nitrogen as fertilizer. In a preferred embodiment, the crop is selected from the group consisting of com, wheat, rice, sorghum, barley, oats, rye, sunflower, soybean, rapeseed, fruit trees, and vegetables.
The method for stimulating the growth of a crop of the present invention enables higher crop yields to be obtained and nitrogen use efficiency to be improved.
The application of the same dose of nitrogen, with the fertilizer composition of the present invention, higher crop yields are obtained, or through the application of lower doses of nitrogen, the same or higher yields are obtained rather than using a conventional fertilizer. In both cases, the efficiency of use of the fertilizer composition is improved, reducing losses and environmental impact.
According to the method of the present invention, the nitrogen dose can be decreased, which represents a lower amount of N applied, maintaining the performance for the conditions in which the tests were carried out.
By applying the composition of the present invention, a response is obtained (increase in performance with respect to the control) that is triple with respect to urea and 40% greater than with UHA. Likewise, it has four times more efficiency in the use of nitrogen than urea, and 3 times more efficiency than UHA. Moreover, the dose could be reduced by about 45 kg N, which represents between 50% less N applied, maintaining the performance for the conditions in which the tests were carried out.
Examples:
The following examples describe various embodiments of the present invention, but do not imply that the same should be restricted to the conditions described therein.
Example 1. Preparation of fertilizer compositions
Different formulations of the fertilizer composition were prepared according to the process of the present invention.
Synthesis of phosphate nanoparticles:
209 g of Ca(OH)2 were added to 1330 g of H2O and stirred at a speed of 500 rpm at room temperature for 15 minutes. 1380 g of a 1.2 M phosphoric acid solution was prepared and added at a rate of 15 mL/min to the Ca(OH)2 solution under stirring at 1600 rpm.
The suspension obtained was centrifuged, obtaining a concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles (NPF) with a nanoparticle concentration of 22% by weight. Said phosphate nanoparticles correspond to hydroxyapatite since they present a crystalline structure that corresponds to the structure of said compound.
Characterization of phosphate nanoparticles:
The particle size of the phosphate nanoparticles was determined by observation with TEM microscope, and the pore volume by N2 adsorption sortometry.
Obtaining the formulations of the fertilizer composition of the present invention:
To obtain the formulations of the fertilizer composition of the present invention, solutions were prepared with the nutrients required to obtain the desired composition. To each prepared nutrient solution, the previously obtained concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles was added, under stirring at a speed of 1600 rpm.
The NanoN formulation was prepared from NPF, using urea and ammonium nitrate as nitrogen sources.
The NanoNS formulation was prepared from NPF, using urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium thiosulfate as nitrogen and sulfur sources The NanoNS-Zn formulation was prepared from NPF, using urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium thiosulfate as nitrogen and sulfur sources. Additionally, a source of zinc was incorporated in the form of Zn oxide nanoparticles
The NanoNS-ZnK formulation was prepared from NPF, using urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium thiosulfate as nitrogen and sulfur sources. Additionally, nanoparticles of Zn oxide and potassium chloride were incorporated.
Table 1 presents the different formulations of the fertilizer compositions prepared.
Table 1: Formulations of the different fertilizer compositions prepared according to the present invention.
For the formulations that include zinc, it was incorporated in the form of Zn oxide nanoparticles, which were obtained from a modificated process published in the literature (H SWasly, M S Abd El-Sadek and Khalid Mujasam Batoo. Mater. Res. Express 6 (2019) 055003).
• 200 g Ac2Zn.2H2O + 1 L water (to total dissolution)
• 129 g KOH + 500 mL water (to total dissolution)
The KOH solution is added with a peristaltic pump to the Ac2Zn solution at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min and stirring at 1100 rpm. When 400 mL remained, stirring was raised to 1500 rpm and with 200 mL remaining, it was raised to 1700 rpm. This suspension was centrifuged. The remaining wet solid contains 39% solid and 61% liquid. For the formulation that includes potassium, it was added in the form of potassium chloride salt, solubilizing it at 80 °C in the nutrient solution.
Example 2. Evaluation of the performance of fertilizer compositions
Field trials in com crop:
The formulations developed were evaluated in corn cultivation field. Fertilization trials were carried out on the corn crop in 6 sites located in the center-south of Entre Rios. In each of these sites, 9 treatments were evaluated (Table 2). The experimental design used was randomized complete blocks (DBCA) with 3 repetitions, and the experimental units were 40 m2.
The performance of the fertilizer compositions of the present invention was compared with fertilizers of the state of the art, such as urea and a urea-hydroxyapatite (called UHA) fertilizer synthesized according to what was reported by KOTTEGODA in patent document
US8696784B2.
Table 2: Treatments, applied nitrogen doses and formulations used in corn crop.
The liquid fertilizer compositions were applied with a backpack sprayer with a constant flow rate in a streamed manner to the soil. At the end of the crop cycle, the crop was harvested, the yield was expressed at 14% humidity in kg/ha. Nitrogen use efficiency was evaluated through the relationship between the kg of extra maize harvested and the dose of nitrogen used. Field trials in wheat crop:
The NanoNS formulation of the fertilizer composition of the present invention was evaluated in the field in wheat crops. Nine fertilization treatments were carried out on the wheat crop in 6 sites located in the south center of Entre Rios (Table 3).
Table 3: Treatments, applied nitrogen doses and formulations used in wheat cultivation.
RESULTS
Characterization of phosphate nanoparticles:
Figure 1 shows the results obtained from the analysis by TEM microscopy of the phosphate nanoparticles synthesized according to the present invention. Nanoparticles are observed to have an average particle size of between 20 and 40 nm. By N2 adsorption sortometry it was possible to determine that the pore volume of said nanoparticles is approximately 0.5 cm3/g.
Preparation of fertilizer compositions:
Table 4 summarizes the nutrient content of the fertilizer compositions prepared.
Table 4:
Field trials:
For the determination of the yields and the efficiency in the use of nitrogen, the crops were harvested manually. The samples were sent to the National Institute of Agricultural Technology of Concepcion del Uruguay for the determination of the number of ears, number of grains and weight of thousand grains and weight of the plots. Their weight was affected by the harvested area and the moisture percentage to calculate the yield per surface unit corrected to 14% commercial moisture. Yield was expressed in kg per hectare.
To evaluate the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), the agronomic efficiency formula of applied nitrogen for grain production was used.
NUE = (grainf - grainO) / Nf
Where: grain= grain yield (kg/ha) f, fertilized treatment;
0, control treatment;
Nf, fertilizer N dose.
Table 5 summarizes the crop yields and nitrogen use efficiencies of the treatments carried out on corn crops.
Table 5: Grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) averages per treatment in corn field experiments.
Figures 2 and 3 report the average results of yields and nitrogen use efficiencies for the various treatments carried out on corn crops.
Figure 4 shows that, compared to the same dose of nitrogen, UHA had a 9% increase in yield compared to conventional urea. With the NanoN composition of the present invention, an increase of 12% was obtained. The maximum increase in crop yield is obtained for the NanoNS fertilizer composition, which comprises the three nitrogen sources and sulfur.
When the efficiencies of nitrogen use were evaluated, that is, how much extra grain was produced per unit of nitrogen, the efficiency of UHA was 14% higher than urea, while NanoN had an efficiency 229% higher than urea. The maximum increase in efficiency was obtained with the fertilizer composition NanoNS with 304%.
Comparing urea with UHA and NanoN, an average yield increase of 426 and 564 kg/ha was obtained. When NanoNS was evaluated, it was found that reducing the dose by 35% (NanoNS 65) obtained an increase in yield with respect to urea of 582 kg/ha, and an increase of 717 kg/ha at the same dose.
Evaluating the nitrogen use efficiency of each one of the fertilizer compositions of the present invention, a great effect on the NUE was found. This greater NUE means not only greater use but important reductions in environmental impact.
The fertilizer compositions that incorporate zinc and potassium had a good performance, also showing increases in yields and in the efficiency of nitrogen use.
Claims
1. A fertilizer composition comprising phosphate nanoparticles and at least two nitrogen sources selected from the group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and their combinations.
2. A fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen concentration is up to 32% by weight.
3. A fertilizer composition according to claim 2, wherein the nitrogen concentration is between 19% to 32% by weight.
4. A fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein nitrate source is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate and their combinations.
5. A fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein ammonium source is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, ammonium thiosulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonia, and their combinations.
6. A fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen sources comprise urea and ammonium nitrate.
7. A fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen sources comprise urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium thiosulfate.
8. A fertilizer composition according to claim 1 , wherein the urea concentration is between 0.10 to 80% by weight.
9. A fertilizer composition according to claim 8, wherein the urea concentration is between 28 to 46% by weight.
10. A fertilizer composition according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the ammonium nitrate concentration is between 0.10 to 80% by weight.
11. A fertilizer composition according to claim 10, wherein the ammonium nitrate concentration is between 14 to 24% by weight.
12. A fertilizer composition according to claim 7, wherein the ammonium thiosulfate concentration is between 1 to 35% by weight.
13. A fertilizer composition according to claim 12, wherein the ammonium thiosulfate concentration is between 6 to 10% by weight.
14. A fertilizer composition according to claim 7, wherein the nitrogen concentration is between 20 to 28% by weight and wherein sulfur concentration is between 2 to 4% by weight.
15. A fertilizer composition according to claim 1, further comprise a nutrient selected from a group consisting of sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, cobalt, selenium, chlorine, copper, manganese, molybdenum, and their combinations.
16. A fertilizer composition according to claim 15, wherein the sulfur is selected from the group consisting of elemental sulfur, ammonium thiosulfate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, potassium thiosulfate, calcium thiosulfate, and their combinations.
17. A fertilizer composition according to claim 15, wherein the sulfur concentration is between 1 to 10% by weight.
18. A fertilizer composition according to claim 17, wherein the sulfur concentration is between 2 to 5% by weight.
19. A fertilizer composition according to claim 15, wherein the zinc is selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, zinc chelates, zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc acetate, zinc sulfate, and their combinations.
20. A fertilizer composition according to claim 19, wherein the zinc comprising zinc oxide nanoparticles.
21. A fertilizer composition according to claim 15, wherein the zinc concentration is between 0.01 to 5% by weight.
22. A fertilizer composition according to claim 21, wherein the zinc concentration is between 0.4 to 1% by weight.
23. A fertilizer composition according to claim 15, wherein the potassium is selected from the group consisting of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, potassium phosphite, and their combinations.
24. A fertilizer composition according to claim 23, wherein the potassium comprising potassium chloride.
25. A fertilizer composition according to claim 15, wherein the potassium concentration is between 0.1 to 20% by weight.
26. A fertilizer composition according to claim 25, wherein the potassium concentration is between 2 to 4% by weight.
27. A fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate nanoparticles concentration is up to 70% by weight.
28. A fertilizer composition according to claim 27, wherein the phosphate nanoparticles concentration is up to 10% by weight.
29. A fertilizer composition according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of hydroxyapatite, amorphous calcium phosphate and their combinations.
30. A fertilizer composition according to claim 29, wherein the phosphate nanoparticles comprising hydroxyapatite.
31. A fertilizer composition according to claim 30, wherein the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles particle size is between 20 to 40 nm.
32. A method for stimulating the growth of a crop comprising providing a crop with a fertilizer composition according to claim 1.
33. A method for stimulating the growth of a crop according to claim 32, wherein the fertilizer composition is applied to the crop directly into the soil, foliar, injecting the composition with the irrigation water or combining said forms of application.
34. A method to stimulate the growth of a crop according to claim 32, wherein the crop is selected from the group consisting of com, wheat, rice, sorghum, barley, oats, rye, sunflower, soybean, rapeseed, fruit trees and vegetables.
35. A method to stimulate the growth of a crop according to claim 33, wherein the fertilizer composition is supplied to the crop in a dose comprised in the range of 0.1 to 30 kg N/ha in foliar use and 0.1 to 300 kg N/ha in soil use.
36. A process for obtaining a fertilizer composition according to claims 1 to 31, comprising the following steps: a. providing a suspension comprising phosphate nanoparticles;
b. centrifuging said suspension of nanoparticles to obtain a concentrated suspension of phosphate nanoparticles; c. contacting the concentrated suspension resulting from step b) with a solution comprising at least two nitrogen sources selected from the group consisting of urea, nitrate, ammonium and their combinations.
37. The process of claim 36, wherein the step a) comprises preparing a Ca(0H)2 solution and adding phosphoric acid to it under stirring until a pH of 5 to 8 is reached.
38. The process of claim 36, wherein in the step a) the stirring speed is between 1,200 to 2,500 rpm to obtain said suspension comprising phosphate nanoparticles.
39. The process of claim 38, wherein the stirring speed is 1,800 rpm.
40. The process of claim 37, wherein the phosphoric acid is added at a rate between 1 mL/min to 600 mL/min.
41. The process of claim 40, wherein the phosphoric acid is added at a rate of 15 mL/min.
42. The process of claim 36, wherein the step b) comprises centrifuging that suspension at a speed of 10,000 to 20,000 rpm for 10 to 30 minutes.
43. The process of claim 36, wherein the step c) is carried out under stirring with a stirring speed of at least 1,600 rpm.
44. The process of claim 36, wherein in the step c) the solution also comprises another nutrient selected from the group consisting of sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, cobalt, selenium, chlorine, copper, manganese, molybdenum and their combinations.
45. The process of claim 36, further comprising an additional step of drying the solution obtained in step c).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ARP230100755A AR128903A1 (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2023-03-28 | FERTILIZER COMPOSITION AND ITS OBTAINING PROCESS |
| ARP20230100755 | 2023-03-28 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2024205615A1 true WO2024205615A1 (en) | 2024-10-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2023/025106 WO2024205615A1 (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2023-06-13 | Fertilizer composition and process for obtaining the same |
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| AR (1) | AR128903A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024205615A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020178772A1 (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-05 | Hince Eric Christian | Solid-chemical compositions, geochemical binder system, and improved high-shear granulation process for both conventional and slow-release fertilizer and bioremediation nutrient compositions |
| US20150141249A1 (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2015-05-21 | Vive Corp Protection Inc. | Herbicide formulations |
| US20160318817A1 (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-11-03 | Liquid Fertiliser Pty Ltd | Stable aqueous dispersions of zinc phosphates |
| WO2016181176A1 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2016-11-17 | Plantaco Logisztikai És Szolgáltató Kft. | Plant conditioner containing alginite and vericompost derivatives |
| WO2022180504A1 (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-09-01 | University Of Sri Jayewardenepura | Method of making a nano-fertilizer composition for sustained release of macronutrients |
-
2023
- 2023-03-28 AR ARP230100755A patent/AR128903A1/en unknown
- 2023-06-13 WO PCT/US2023/025106 patent/WO2024205615A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020178772A1 (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-05 | Hince Eric Christian | Solid-chemical compositions, geochemical binder system, and improved high-shear granulation process for both conventional and slow-release fertilizer and bioremediation nutrient compositions |
| US20150141249A1 (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2015-05-21 | Vive Corp Protection Inc. | Herbicide formulations |
| US20160318817A1 (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-11-03 | Liquid Fertiliser Pty Ltd | Stable aqueous dispersions of zinc phosphates |
| WO2016181176A1 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2016-11-17 | Plantaco Logisztikai És Szolgáltató Kft. | Plant conditioner containing alginite and vericompost derivatives |
| WO2022180504A1 (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-09-01 | University Of Sri Jayewardenepura | Method of making a nano-fertilizer composition for sustained release of macronutrients |
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| AR128903A1 (en) | 2024-06-26 |
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