WO2024200132A1 - Monitoring device and method for monitoring a possible over-/under-removal of soil when drilling a borehole in the soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a monitoring device for monitoring a removal quantity of loosened soil and/or an overcut for creating an annular space when creating a borehole in the soil (10) by means of an advance of a drilling device (20), wherein: the monitoring device can be arranged below an opening (25) in a peripheral wall (3) of a drilling device (20) or below an opening in an outer wall of a pipe portion of a drilling device or of a casing pipe; the drilling device (20) is a drilling device for creating a borehole in the soil from a start point to a target point; the monitoring device (30) comprises a receptacle (4) which has an inner space (33) and an entry opening for arrangement in the region of the opening (25); the monitoring device (30) comprises a control element (5) which is arranged in the inner space (33) so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis (6); an actuator is provided in connection with the control element (5); the control element (5) is movable in a pivot direction (A) via the actuator (11); the control element (5) comprises a pivot region, so that the control element (5) is movable through the entry opening; and the control element (5) comprises at least one contact surface (9) which, in the pivoted-out state of the control element (5), is in contact with the borehole wall (13)/the soil (10).

Description

Monitoring device and method for monitoring a possible over-/under-extraction of soil during drilling of a borehole in the ground

The invention relates to a monitoring device for arrangement below an opening in a peripheral wall of a drilling device, wherein the drilling device is a drilling device for creating a borehole in the ground from a starting point to a target point, with a control element, wherein an actuator is provided for moving the control element, has a contact surface which, in the extended state of the control element, is in contact with the borehole wall of the borehole/the ground. Furthermore, the invention relates to a drilling device with such a monitoring device and a method for monitoring a possible over-/under-extraction of soil during drilling of the borehole in the ground.

The underground installation of pipes using pipe jacking has been a tried and tested civil engineering technique for many decades. Thanks to advances, particularly in the last 30 years, today jackings of up to 2000 m in length and diameters of up to almost 5 meters can be carried out successfully, including close to the surface. The jacking techniques differ essentially in the way the soil or rock is extracted at the so-called tunnel face. The extracted material, referred to below as overburden, can be transported from the tunnel face to the starting shaft in various ways, e.g. in conveyor buckets, via screw conveyor, via belt conveyor or flushing using a flushing liquid such as water or a bentonite suspension.

When laying underground pipes, for example in pipe jacking, individual pipes made of concrete, stoneware or other materials arranged one after the other or entire already connected Steel pipeline pushed into the ground. At the tip of the pipe string there is a drilling machine that loosens the soil, crushes it (breaks larger stones) and feeds the excavated material to a conveyor system. In addition, the distance traveled is determined by control events in the drilling machine. For this purpose, control cylinders are arranged in the drilling machine, which create an angle in the drilling machine and thus enable cornering. The forces required to push the drilling machine and the pipe string into the ground must be greater than the peak pressure on the drilling machine, in particular on the cutting wheel, and the sum of the casing friction that results from the casing surface of the pipe string and the contact with the surrounding geology.

In order to reduce the casing friction, the drilling machine drills a hole that is larger than the outside diameter of the pipe string by a certain amount. Lubricating suspensions are filled into the resulting annular gap.

Depending on the soil conditions, checking this annular gap can be useful, as removing too much soil material during drilling can create a borehole that is too large or even create caverns in the subsoil, which can lead to subsidence on the surface. Removing too little soil material while simultaneously pushing the pipe string forward can lead to the soil being displaced in front of the drilling machine and to heaving on the surface.

It can therefore be advantageous when drilling to match the speed of advance with the amount of overburden. Excessive removal of overburden can be problematic, particularly when driving in unstable soils beneath groundwater. If the volume of overburden in the soil exceeds the volume of the drilling device and the pipes installed, depending on the extent of the over- or under-removal, this can lead to subsidence and even large surface collapses or bulging, which can cause considerable damage to structures on the surface, roads and any underground infrastructure that may be present. Depending on the overlying soils and the depth of the tunnel, this damage often only occurs after a considerable time delay.

It is known that the volume of the overburden removed can be controlled. However, this does not achieve the accuracy required to reliably prevent undesirable consequences of incorrect overburden removal. The known methods include determining the quantity and density of the overburden extracted. With hydraulic extraction, volume control is also complex because a separation system is required to separate the overburden from the extraction fluid. It is also known to use belt scales or simply measure the volume of the overburden extracted. In addition to the associated measurement inaccuracies, all methods also have the source of error that it is almost impossible to determine the exact in-situ density of the soil to be extracted. In sum, this can lead to a significant amount of soil being extracted incorrectly.

Attempts to carry out such measurements are, for example, from DE102005038313A1, US4152027A and JPS59154293A. The disadvantage is that these measurements can only be carried out when the borehole is at a standstill.

The aim is therefore to provide a monitoring device, a method and a drilling device of the type mentioned above, with which an excessive or too low production rate of overburden can be reliably detected at an early stage during drilling.

The technical problem is solved with regard to the monitoring device with the features of claim 1 and with regard to the drilling device with the features of claim 10 and with regard to the method with the features of claim 15. Preferred embodiments of the monitoring device according to the invention, the method according to the invention and the drilling device according to the invention emerge from the dependent claims.

With regard to the monitoring device, the invention proposes a monitoring device for monitoring a quantity of loosened soil removed and/or an overcut for creating an annular space when creating a bore in the ground by means of a drilling device being driven forward, wherein the monitoring device can be arranged below an opening in a peripheral wall of a drilling device or below an opening in an outer wall of a pipe section of a drilling device or an extension pipe, wherein the drilling device is a drilling device for creating a bore in the ground from a starting point to a target point, wherein the monitoring device has a receptacle which has an interior and a passage opening for arrangement in the region of the opening, wherein the monitoring device has a control element which is arranged in the interior so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis, wherein an actuator is provided in connection with the control element, wherein the control element can be controlled via the Actuator is movable in a pivoting direction, wherein the control element has a pivoting range so that the control element is movable through the passage opening, and wherein the control element has at least one contact surface which is in contact with the borehole wall/the ground in the pivoted-out state of the control element.

This makes it easy to continuously determine over- or under-extraction during drilling, at least in sections. Inaccurate quantity or volume measurement of the overburden is avoided. The check can be used to determine whether the surrounding soil is becoming increasingly loose, which could indicate that too much soil has been removed in relation to the advance speed. In this case, measures can be taken, for example, to increase/reduce the advance speed and/or reduce/increase the amount of overburden extracted per unit of time.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the actuator is a spring element, a hydraulic system with at least one hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic system with at least one pneumatic cylinder, or a rotary drive.

A further teaching of the invention provides that a pressure measuring device is provided for measuring a pressure in the pressure medium of the pneumatic or hydraulic system.

A further teaching of the invention provides that a position measuring device is provided for measuring the position or a change in position of the control element.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the position measuring means is an angle measuring sensor for monitoring the pivoting of the pivot axis connected to the control element.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the receptacle (4) has at least one connection through which a liquid, preferably a bentonite suspension, can be introduced into the receptacle.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the contact surface has at least one bevelled region. A further teaching of the invention provides that the actuator is arranged inside the interior of the receptacle or outside the receptacle.

A further teaching of the invention provides that a lever arm is provided between the actuator and the pivot axis when the actuator is arranged outside the receptacle.

With regard to the drilling device, the invention proposes a drilling device for creating a bore in the ground from a starting point to a target point and for introducing a pipeline into the ground with a drill head with a cutting device arranged on the drill head for loosening the ground and a peripheral wall as a housing wall of the drilling device with at least one monitoring device as previously set out.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the peripheral wall has an opening preferably in the ridge, particularly preferably at the apex, under which the monitoring device is arranged.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the monitoring device is connected to the measuring and control system of the drilling device.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the monitoring device is connected to a bentonite lubrication system of the drilling device via at least one connection of the monitoring device.

A further teaching of the invention provides that at least two monitoring devices are provided, which are arranged radially and/or axially offset.

With regard to the method, the invention proposes a method for monitoring a removal quantity of loosened soil and/or an overcut for creating an annular space when creating a borehole in the ground by driving a drilling device, preferably a previously described drilling device, in the ground by loosening the soil by means of a cutting device from a starting point to a target point, characterized in that an earth pressure exerted on the drilling device is continuously determined at least in sections in an area behind the cutting device by means of a control element of a monitoring device, preferably a previously described monitoring device, which is formed from the peripheral wall of the drilling device by pivoting the extended control element, in order to thereby determine an over-/under-removal of the loosened soil, or that a change in a position of the Control element of a monitoring device, preferably a previously described monitoring device, in an area behind the cutting device during drilling is continuously determined at least in sections in order to thereby determine an over-/under-removal of the loosened soil.

This makes it easy to continuously determine over- or under-extraction during drilling, at least in sections. Inaccurate quantity or volume measurement of the overburden is avoided. The check can be used to determine whether the surrounding soil is becoming increasingly loose, which could indicate that too much soil has been removed in relation to the advance speed. In this case, measures can be taken, for example, to increase/reduce the advance speed and/or reduce/increase the amount of overburden extracted per unit of time.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the pivoting of the control element takes place hydraulically or pneumatically.

A further teaching of the invention provides that a change in the earth pressure is determined by measuring the pressure in a pressure medium used in the pneumatic or hydraulic system and/or by means of a change in the position of the control element.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the pressure medium is subjected to a fraction, preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, more preferably at most 5% of the passive earth pressure of the surrounding soil.

The drilling device can be any machine, e.g. a full-face machine or a partial-face machine. The use of the method is also independent of the type of extraction of the excavated soil, e.g. by means of a bucket conveyor, screw conveyor or flush conveyor.

The control element can have various geometries. For example, a control element is conceivable whose outer wall, when not extended, continues the shape of the peripheral wall forming the circumference of the drilling device and which executes a pivoting movement when extended. The control element could thus protrude from the peripheral wall of the drilling device like a fin when extended.

Not every soil composition may be suitable for carrying out the inventive method. However, the method can be adapted to different soil compositions. For the inventive method, it is not necessary to detect the slightest changes in the earth pressure in order to react to them with changes in the advance speed and/or the amount of excavated waste per unit of time. The inventive method is already effective if a strong decrease in the earth pressure can be detected, which indicates excessive soil extraction.

The method according to the invention can be carried out in such a way that a change in the earth pressure is determined by measuring the pressure in a pressure medium used in the hydraulic or pneumatic system and/or by means of a change in the position of the control element.

If too much soil is removed, the earth pressure on the drilling device and thus on the control element is reduced. This causes the control element to move outwards, which leads to a reduction in pressure in the pressure medium, which can be water or oil, for example.

In order to be able to detect a reduction in earth pressure, the control element protrudes at least partially from the peripheral wall of the drilling device, e.g. by a value of up to 20 mm or more. In order to keep the position of the control element stable despite a reduction in earth pressure, the pressure of the pressure medium is automatically adjusted, i.e. reduced, and preferably when the pressure falls below a limit value or there is a change in pressure, a signal is automatically issued or an action is triggered in order to reduce the advance speed and/or the amount of waste material conveyed per unit of time. If a sufficient increase in earth pressure is detected by the control element, the advance speed and/or the amount of waste material conveyed per unit of time can be increased again.

Alternatively, a change in the position of the control element can be detected at a preset starting pressure of the pressure medium. First, the control element can be brought into a starting position in which the control element at least partially protrudes from the peripheral wall of the drilling device, e.g. by up to 20 mm or up to 50 mm. Larger values are also possible. The control element is preferably blocked against movement from the starting position towards the interior of the drilling device, so that up to a maximum load only movement into the ground or from there back to the starting position is possible. To prevent damage if the maximum load is exceeded, a pressure relief valve can be used, for example. The initial pressure can be selected depending on the soil properties and/or composition. It can be advantageous to set the initial pressure so that it is a fraction of the passive earth pressure, e.g. at most 20%, more preferably at most 10% or more preferably at most 5%. In this case, only a local massive reduction in the passive earth pressure in the soil allows the control element to move outwards, which is a strong indication of significant over-extraction. Since in an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention only a small fraction of the passive earth pressure is selected for the initial pressure, this does not necessarily have to be determined precisely in advance. Rather, a rough estimate of the passive earth pressure for known or assumed soil compositions can be sufficient.

The earth pressure on the drilling device can therefore be controlled by measuring the pressure in the pressure medium and/or by measuring the change in position or distance on the control element. The term earth pressure generally refers to the pressure exerted by the ground under the given conditions on a surface, in this case in particular the tunnelling device, and is used here to distinguish it from the technical terms "passive earth pressure" and "active earth pressure".

Preferably, the control element is arranged in the area of the roof, i.e. at an upper point of the tunnelling device, since this is where a reduction in earth pressure due to excessive extraction is most noticeable.

The control element should preferably be installed as close as possible behind the tip of the machine in order to detect over-extraction of soil at an early stage.

An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention and the drilling device according to the invention is shown below using figures.

Fig. 1: in lateral cross-section the front end of a drilling device with a first embodiment of a monitoring device according to the invention with a control element,

Fig. 2: in an enlarged section of the drilling device. Fig. 1: the monitoring device in the retracted state of the control element, Fig. 3: the monitoring device according to Fig. 2 in the retracted state of the control element in axial cross-section,

Fig. 4: the monitoring device according to Fig. 2 in lateral cross-section in the extended state of the control element,

Fig. 5 is a side view of a second embodiment of a monitoring device according to the invention with retracted control element, and

Fig. 6 is a side view of a second embodiment of a monitoring device according to the invention with the control element extended to Fig. 5

Fig. 1 shows schematically in lateral cross-section the front part of a tubular drilling device 20 having a peripheral wall 3 with a drilling head 1 with a cutting wheel 21 with drilling tools 22 for loosening soil 10 and a motor unit 2 for driving the cutting wheel 21.

A first embodiment of a monitoring device 30 according to the invention for the annular space 14 between the outer side 24 of the peripheral wall 24 and the borehole wall 13 is provided on the peripheral wall 3, here preferably in the region of its apex 23, particularly preferably as close as possible to the cutting wheel 21. Alternatively, a second embodiment of the monitoring device 30 according to the invention can also be arranged here.

The monitoring device 30 is preferably arranged under an opening 25 in the peripheral wall 3. The monitoring device 30 has a box-shaped receptacle 4. In an interior space 33 of the box-shaped receptacle 4, a wedge-shaped control element 5 is arranged so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis 6. The control element 5 is articulated on a piston 7 of a hydraulic cylinder 8, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 8 is pivotable about a pivot axis 31 relative to the receptacle 4 and about a pivot axis 32 relative to the control element 5.

The control element 5 can have a contact surface 9 which, when the control element 5 is in the extended state, is in contact with the ground 10 or with the borehole wall 13. The contact surface 9 can preferably have a bevelled area 34, as shown by way of example in Fig. 6. The bevelled area 34 makes it easy for the largest possible or constant area of the contact surface 9 to be in contact with the ground 10/the borehole wall 14 from the outset in order to achieve the greatest possible measurement accuracy. Alternatively or additionally, the shape of the contact surface 9 can also be adapted so that, depending on the degree of extension of the control element 5, the area of the contact surface in contact with the ground is as constant as possible in order to achieve the most consistent measurement accuracy possible.

Via the hydraulic cylinder 8 and the piston 7, referred to as a whole hereinafter as the hydraulic system 11, the control element 5 can be brought from a retracted position (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) into an extended position (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 4) in the direction of travel B shown as an arrow, by the control element 5 being extended and retracted, or being extendable and retractable, by pivoting it about the pivot axis 6 in the pivot direction A shown as an arrow.

The control element 5 has an upper contact surface 9. In the extended position of the control element 5, this protrudes at least partially from the receptacle 4 through the opening 25 and thus also beyond the circumference of the peripheral wall 3.

Fig. 2 shows an enlarged section of the drilling device 20 with the box-shaped holder 4, the control element 5, the piston 7 and the hydraulic cylinder 8 together with the base 10 surrounding the drilling device 20. In the retracted state, the control element 5 is arranged with its contact surface 9 essentially flush with the circumference of the peripheral wall 3.

Fig. 3 shows the situation according to Fig. 2 in axial cross-section. Fig. 4 shows, in a representation corresponding to Fig. 2, the control element 5 in an extended position in which the contact surface 9 of the control element 5 projects into the ground 10.

Fig. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of a monitoring device 30 according to the invention, shown here in a simplified manner without the drilling device 20. The drive system, here preferably in the form of a hydraulic system 11, is arranged outside the holder 4. The pivot axis 6 is connected to a lever arm 35, which is pivotally connected to the piston 7 via the pivot axis 32. The hydraulic cylinder 8 is also pivotally connected to the holder 4 via the pivot axis 31. The Control element 5 is swung in and out by actuating the hydraulic cylinder 8 by moving the lever arm 35 in the swivel direction A.

The control element 5 has a contact surface 9, which preferably has a bevelled region 34. This can also be provided in the first embodiment of the monitoring device according to the invention.

Furthermore, the receptacle 4 preferably has connections 36, 37 through which, for example, the receptacle 4 can be flushed with bentonite suspension or water so that soil 10 which enters the receptacle 4 through the opening can be removed from it.

Furthermore, the receptacle 4 can be filled with bentonite suspension through the connections 36, 37 and, if necessary, pressurized, thereby preventing or reducing the probability that soil 10 or bentonite suspension from the annular space 14, which is contaminated with dissolved soil, enters the receptacle through the opening 25.

Furthermore, a seal (not shown) can preferably be arranged in the opening through which the control element 5 moves and which prevents soil 10 from entering the receptacle 4.

Additionally and not shown, an angle sensor can be provided on the swivel axis 6 and/or a displacement sensor in the hydraulic system 11, with which it is possible to determine how far the control element is/will be extended or retracted.

Furthermore, a pressure sensor (not shown) can be provided in the hydraulic system, with which a pressure acting on the control element 5 or its contact surface 9, or the change in the pressure acting on the contact surface 9, is measured/determined.

The exemplary procedure is as follows: From a starting pit (not shown here), the drilling device 20 is driven into the ground 10 with, for example, a rotating drill head 1. Alternatively, a shield drive can also be used. The drill head 1 has a slightly larger diameter than the circumference of the peripheral wall 3 of the drilling device 20, through which the so-called overcut is driven. This creates an annular space 14 between the borehole wall 13 and the outside 24 of the peripheral wall 3. For example, lubricating material 12, for example a bentonite suspension, can be introduced into the annular space 14 via lines (not shown here) and, if necessary, openings (not shown) provided in the peripheral wall 3, which reduces the friction of the peripheral wall 3 and later also the outside of the pipes to be laid relative to the floor 10.

Mined soil 10, i.e. the overburden, can be transported in the direction of the starting pit via pipes (not shown here) with the addition of a liquid, for example water or bentonite suspension. Alternative types of transport are also possible, for example via a screw, belt or bucket conveyor arranged inside the drilling device 20, also not shown here.

When the drilling device 20 penetrates the ground 10 or shortly thereafter, the control element 5 is brought into an extended position (see Fig. 1, 4 and Fig. 6) by means of the hydraulic system 11, so that the contact surface 9, which is preferably flat but can also take on other shapes, comes into contact with the surrounding ground 10.

After drilling, it is possible to continuously measure the overcut or the amount of soil removed or over/under removal of soil as the drilling progresses. Measurements are preferably taken over a longer section, for example in previously identified sections of the bore or over the entire length of the bore from the starting pit to the target pit.

One possibility is that the pressure of a pressure medium in the hydraulic system 11 is adjusted when the control element 5 is extended so that a balance is achieved between the torques exerted on the control element 5 via the pressure of the base 10 and via the piston 7.

If the pressure of the soil 10 decreases, for example because a cavity forms in the roof above the borehole, the pressure in the hydraulic system 11 must be reduced accordingly in order to maintain the position of the control element 5, so that the reduction in the earth pressure can be determined via the pressure in the hydraulic system 11. Such a reduction in the earth pressure indicates that an excess of soil 10 has been removed, so that as a countermeasure, for example, the extraction rate of the overburden can be reduced and/or the advance speed of the drilling device 20 can be increased in order to prevent the soil 10 from subsiding or becoming undesirably loose.

If the pressure of the soil 10 increases, for example because too little soil 10 is loosened by the cutting wheel 21 and subsequently removed, the pressure in the hydraulic system 11 must be increased accordingly in order to maintain the position of the control element 5, so that the pressure in the hydraulic system 11, the increase in earth pressure can be determined. Such an increase in earth pressure indicates that an under-extraction of soil 10 has taken place, so that as a countermeasure, for example, the conveying rate of the overburden can be increased or reduced and/or the advance speed of the drilling device 20 can be reduced in order to prevent outward bulging or undesirable compaction of the soil 10. It may also be necessary to change the drilling tools 22, particularly in the edge area of the cutting wheel 21, as these may be worn.

Furthermore, it is also possible to determine shrinkage of the borehole in the radial direction with the monitoring direction 30. If necessary, it is advantageous to provide several monitoring devices on the peripheral wall offset from one another, for example 20 to 30 degrees, in the area of the crown of the borehole. It is also advantageous to space these axially apart from one another.

As an alternative to measuring the pressure in the hydraulic system 11 or in parallel thereto, the extension length of the piston 7 or the position of the control element 5 relative to other parts of the propulsion device, e.g. to the peripheral wall 3, can also be measured using suitable methods in order to determine a change in the earth pressure exerted by the soil 10 on the control element 5.

For this purpose, an initial pressure can be set in the hydraulic system, for example, which is a fraction, for example 10%, of the passive earth pressure of the surrounding soil 10. From a starting position of the control element 5, in which the control element 5 protrudes with its contact surface 9 from the peripheral wall 3 of the drilling device 20, preferably for example by 20 - 50 mm, particularly preferably 30 mm, the control element 5 is pressed outwards when the earth pressure is less than 10% of the passive earth pressure. With this movement, an excessive removal of overburden in the soil 10 can be determined in a simple but precise manner.

In order to prevent soil 10 from penetrating into the receptacle 4, the receptacle 4 can be filled with a material that does not hinder the functions of the hydraulic system 11, for example bentonite suspension, preferably via the connections 36, 37. This is preferably under a pressure that at least substantially corresponds to the pressure of the lubricating material 12 in order to prevent the entry of the lubricating material 12 that may be mixed with soil 10. In addition, it is conceivable to not only pivot the control element 5, but also to move it with a translational movement.

The features of the device and the method shown in the exemplary embodiments can be replaced or supplemented within the meaning of the invention by alternative or further features, such as those shown in the general part of the description or as are apparent to the person skilled in the art.

List of reference symbols:

1 drill head

2 engine unit

3 peripheral wall

4 shots

5 control element

6 swivel axis

7 pistons

8 hydraulic cylinders

9 contact surface

10 soil

11 hydraulic system

12 lubricants

13 borehole wall

14 annular space

20 drilling device

21 cutting wheel

22 drilling tools

23 vertex

24 outside

25 opening

30 monitoring device

31 swivel axis

32 swivel axis

33 interior

34 beveled area

35 lever arm

36 connection

37 connection

Claims

KLIC KOW & W PARTNERSCHAFTSGESELLSCHAFT MBB PATENTANWÄLTE EUROPEAN PATENT AND TRADEMARK ATTORNEYS JESSENSTRASSE 4 22767 HAMBURG GERMANY Applicant: Herrenknecht AG www.klickow-wetzel.de Schlehenweg 2 Telephone: +49 (0)40 380 8715-0 77963 Schwanau Fax: +49 (0)40 380 8715-25 Germany mail@klickow-wetzel.de HKN-212-PCT March 19, 2024 / pwi.pwi patent claims 1. Monitoring device for monitoring a quantity of loosened soil removed and/or an overcut for creating an annular space when creating a borehole in the ground (10) by means of a drilling device (20) being driven forward, wherein the monitoring device can be arranged below an opening (25) in a peripheral wall (3) of a drilling device (20) or below an opening in an outer wall of a pipe section of a drilling device or an extension pipe, wherein the drilling device (20) is a drilling device for creating a borehole in the ground from a starting point to a target point, wherein the monitoring device (30) has a receptacle (4) which has an interior (33) and a passage opening for arrangement in the region of the opening (25), wherein the monitoring device (30) has a control element (5) which is arranged in the interior (33) so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis (6), wherein an actuator (11) is provided in connection with the control element (5), wherein the control element (5) can be controlled via the Actuator (11) is movable in a pivoting direction (A), wherein the control element (5) has a pivoting range so that the control element (5) is movable through the passage opening, and wherein the control element (5) has at least one contact surface (9) which is in contact with the borehole wall (13)/the bottom (10) in the pivoted-out state of the control element (5). 2. Monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator is a spring element, a hydraulic system with at least one hydraulic cylinder (8), a pneumatic system with at least one pneumatic cylinder, or a rotary drive. 3. Monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that a pressure measuring means is provided for measuring a pressure in the pressure medium of the pneumatic or hydraulic system (11). 4. Monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a position measuring means is provided for measuring the position or a change in position of the control element (5). 5. Monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that the position measuring means is an angle measuring sensor for monitoring the pivoting of the pivot axis (6) connected to the control element (5). 6. Monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the receptacle (4) has at least one connection (36, 37) through which a liquid, preferably a bentonite suspension, can be introduced into the receptacle (4). 7. Monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the contact surface (9) has at least one bevelled region (34). 8. Monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the actuator (11) is arranged within the interior (33) of the receptacle (4) or outside the receptacle (4). 9. Monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that a lever arm (35) is provided between the actuator (11) and the pivot axis (6) when the actuator is arranged outside the receptacle (4). 10. Drilling device (20) for creating a bore in the ground (10) from a starting point to a target point and for introducing a pipeline into the ground with a drill head (1) with a cutting device (21) arranged on the drill head (1) for loosening the ground (10) and a peripheral wall (3) as a housing wall of the drilling device (20) with at least one monitoring device (30) according to one of claims 1 to 9. 11. Drilling device according to claim 10, characterized in that the peripheral wall (3) has an opening (25), preferably in the ridge, particularly preferably at the apex, under which the monitoring device (30) is arranged. 12. Drilling device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the monitoring device (30) is connected to the measuring and control system of the drilling device (20). 13. Drilling device according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the monitoring device (30) is connected to a bentonite lubrication system of the drilling device via at least one connection (36, 37) of the monitoring device (30). 14. Drilling device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that at least two monitoring devices (30) are provided, which are arranged radially and/or axially offset. 15. Method for monitoring a removal quantity of loosened soil and/or an overcut for creating an annular space when creating a borehole in the ground (10) by driving a drilling device (20), preferably according to one of claims 10 to 14, in the ground by loosening the soil by means of a cutting device (21) from a starting point to a target point, characterized in that an earth pressure exerted on the drilling device (20) is continuously determined at least in sections in an area behind the cutting device (21) during drilling by means of a control element (5) of a monitoring device (30) which is extended from the peripheral wall (3) of the drilling device (20) by pivoting, in order to thereby determine an over-/under-removal of the loosened soil, or that a change in a position of the control element (5) of a monitoring device (30), preferably according to one of claims 1 to 9, in an area behind the cutting device (21) is continuously determined at least in sections during drilling in order to determine an over-/under-removal of the loosened soil. 16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the pivoting of the control element (5) takes place hydraulically or pneumatically. 17. Method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that a change in the earth pressure is determined by measuring the pressure in a pressure medium used in the pneumatic or hydraulic system (11) and/or by means of a change in position of the control element (5). 18. Method according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the printing medium is filled with a fraction, preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, more preferably at most 5% of the passive earth pressure of the surrounding soil (10).