WO2024175823A1 - Cepa de bifidobacterium longum y usos de la misma - Google Patents
Cepa de bifidobacterium longum y usos de la misma Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024175823A1 WO2024175823A1 PCT/ES2024/070105 ES2024070105W WO2024175823A1 WO 2024175823 A1 WO2024175823 A1 WO 2024175823A1 ES 2024070105 W ES2024070105 W ES 2024070105W WO 2024175823 A1 WO2024175823 A1 WO 2024175823A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/22—Anxiolytics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/24—Antidepressants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
Definitions
- the present invention falls within the field of therapeutic activity of pharmaceutical compositions or preparations, as well as within the field of food.
- the present invention relates to the strain Bifidobacterium longum CECT 30763 and its use for the prevention or treatment of mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety, cardiometabolic disorders or liver disorders, alone or presented as comorbidities.
- the total cost of mental disorders is estimated to be $798 billion, of which mood disorders account for an annual direct and indirect cost of about $1.18 billion.
- depression includes major or unipolar depression, typical or melancholic and atypical depression, pre- and postpartum depression, bipolar disorder, psychotic depression, dysthymia, depressive personality disorder, seasonal affective disorder, substance abuse-induced mood disorder, and drug-induced mood disorder.
- Anxiety disorders include panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia and specific phobia, agoraphobia, and anxiety due to a general medical condition.
- the effectiveness of current therapies against these pathologies is quite limited. It is estimated that, for example, only about 50% of treatments with antidepressants are effective. Antidepressants are completely effective; many patients remain with subclinical symptoms and frequently suffer relapses, and a subgroup of patients do not show any improvement.
- Depression shows a high comorbidity with mental (e.g. anxiety) and physical (e.g. cardiometabolic) disorders such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular disease), which worsen the course of the disease and reduce the therapeutic response and increase the risk of suffering from it.
- Anxiety also shows a high comorbidity with mental and cardiometabolic diseases such as high blood pressure and coronary heart disease. In addition, it increases the risk of suffering major adverse coronary events such as myocardial infarction, left ventricular failure, coronary revascularization procedure and stroke that occur in people with cardiovascular diseases.
- Hepatic fibrosis is a disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of proteins in the extracellular matrix of the liver, mainly collagen, hindering its proper functioning and also promoting the appearance of hepatocarcinoma.
- intestinal bacteria for the treatment of pathologies such as depression, anxiety, cardiometabolic or hepatic disorders has been investigated, considering these conditions as individual and independent entities. Given the high prevalence and clinical importance of these conditions, the state of the art shows the need for alternative bacterial strains for their prevention and/or treatment, even more so, taking into account the lack of studies on the use and effectiveness of microbial strains for these conditions when they occur in the form of comorbidities, which make their management much more complex, including prevention and treatment.
- the present invention relates to a Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) strain, in particular, a B. longum strain with deposit number CECT 30763, and derived strains, to cellular components, metabolites, secreted molecules of said strain, and to compositions comprising the above products, as well as to their use for the prevention and/or treatment of mood disorders or alterations, such as depression and anxiety; cardiometabolic disorders, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases; or liver disorders, such as steatosis and liver fibrosis. Since many of these disorders have a high rate of comorbidity, the invention also relates to the B. longum CECT 30763 strain for its use in prevention and/or treatment of comorbidities. psychiatric, cardiometabolic and/or hepatic.
- strain B longum CECT 30763 from the feces of healthy volunteers, and have demonstrated that the strain has the capacity to exert beneficial effects on depressive and anxiety-like behavior, as well as on cardiometabolic and hepatic alterations, in animals in which these comorbidities are induced by exposure to chronic social stress.
- the strain of the invention reduced the levels of chemokines and cytokines in plasma, specifically, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2, IL-6 and TNF-a, whose increase is associated with depression and anxiety in said animal stress model and in humans, restoring them to levels similar to those of the control model (Example 5).
- chemokines and cytokines are also inflammatory mediators that are also increased in cardiometabolic pathologies, so the results indicate that the strain of the invention plays a positive role in disorders of this type. In this sense, the anti-inflammatory effect of the B.
- longum CECT 30763 strain may also be derived from the increase in regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs), associated with an anti-inflammatory role, and whose levels were found to be significantly decreased both in the spleen and in the intestine as a result of chronic stress, with the strain being able to increase them (Fig. 6A and 6B). Furthermore, after the first exposure to stress (acute stress), the strain of the invention already induced a significant increase in Tregs, indicating that this anti-inflammatory and regulatory effect is exerted in early stages and contributes to preventing the adverse effects of chronic stress (Fig. 6C).
- Tregs regulatory T lymphocytes
- B. longum CECT 30763 Other effects exerted by the B. longum CECT 30763 strain are the improvement of the endocrine and dopaminergic response, since it reduces the overproduction of corticosterone and the high levels of dopamine induced by chronic stress (see Example 4).
- the B. longum CECT 30763 strain also exerts beneficial effects at the hepatic level (see Example 5), modifying the expression of enzymes related to fatty acid metabolism in the liver altered by stress, as well as changes in the expression of dopaminergic enzymes. of profibrotic molecules (Fig. 9A, 9B and 9C).
- the strain B. longum CECT 30763 also exerts beneficial effects on the heart by reducing oxidative stress (Example 6, Fig. 11). of the invention v derivatives
- the present invention relates to a strain of Bifidobacterium longum with deposit number CECT 30763, hereinafter the “strain of the invention”, or “B. longum CECT 30763”.
- Strain B. longum CECT 30763 (G121) was isolated from the faeces of healthy humans and deposited on 13 December 2022 under the Budapest Treaty at the Spanish Type Culture Collection as an International Deposit Authority (Building 3 CUE, Parc Cient ⁇ fic Universitat de Valencia, Catedrático Agust ⁇ n Escardino, 9, 46980, Paterna (Valencia) SPAIN). The assigned deposit number was CECT 30763.
- the scientific classification of the strain of the invention is: Domain: Bacteria; Phylum: Actinobacteha; Class: Actinobacteria; Order: Bifidobacteriales; Family: Bifidobactehaceae; Genus: Bifidobacterium; Species: B. longum.
- Bifidobacterium are among the microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, and are believed to exert health benefits on their host. Bifidobacteria have been commercially exploited as probiotic agents due to such health benefits and because they are generally recognized as safe.
- Bifidobacteria are gram-positive, non-motile, often branched anaerobic bacteria. They are one of the main genera of bacteria that make up the intestinal microbiota of mammals, and comprise more than 30 different species. Among them, B. longum is a catalase-negative, branched rod-shaped bacterium.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a strain derived from the B. longum CECT 30763 strain where said strain maintains or improves the capabilities of the original strain, described throughout the present invention.
- the B. longum-derived strain CECT 30763 has a sequence identity of at least 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, or 99% with the sequence SEQ ID NO: 5.
- the sequence SEQ ID NO: 5 corresponds to the sequence of the 16S-rRNA gene of the B. longum CECT 30763 strain.
- sequence identity is understood as the degree of similarity between two nucleotide sequences obtained by aligning the two sequences. Depending on the number of common residues between the aligned sequences, a degree of identity expressed as a percentage will be obtained.
- the degree of identity between two nucleotide sequences can be determined by conventional methods, for example, by standard sequence alignment algorithms known in the state of the art, such as BLAST [Altschul S.F. et al. Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol. 1990 Oct 5; 215(3) :403- 10].
- the BLAST programs for example, BLASTN, BLASTX, and TBLASTX, and TBLASTN, are in the public domain on the website of The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
- the derived microorganism can be produced naturally (for example, spontaneous mutants) or intentionally, by mutagenesis methods known in the state of the art such as, but not limited to, the growth of the original microorganism in the presence of mutagenic or stress-causing agents, or by genetic engineering aimed at the modification of specific genes.
- the strain of the invention or the strain derived from the species B. longum is a genetically modified mutant or a spontaneous mutant.
- mutant strain or derived strain can be used interchangeably.
- the B. longum strain CECT 30763 or any mutant or derivative thereof can be used in any form that exerts the described effects, such as, for example, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the B. longum strain is in the form of viable cells (cultivable or non-cultivable), or according to another preferred embodiment of the invention the B. longum strain CECT 30763 is in the form of non-viable cells ("dead" cells inactivated by any technique known in the state of the art such as, but not limited to, heat, freezing or ultraviolet radiation).
- the non-viable cells of the B. longum strain CECT 30763 are selected from the list consisting of: heat-treated, frozen, lyophilized or treated by ultraviolet radiation.
- nonviable refers to any microorganism that is metabolically or physiologically inactive, i.e. that does not retain its metabolic activity and elongation capacity upon administration of nutrients. Viability is independent of the microorganism's ability to form colonies on solid media.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to cellular components, metabolites, secreted molecules or any combination thereof, obtained from the strain of the invention, derived strain, or from a combination of microorganisms comprising at least one strain of the invention and/or derived strain.
- Cellular components of the bacteria may include cell wall components (such as, but not limited to, peptidoglycan), nucleic acids, membrane components, or others such as proteins, lipids and carbohydrates and combinations thereof, such as lipoproteins, glycolipids or glycoproteins.
- Metabolites include any molecule produced or modified by the bacteria as a result of its metabolic activity during growth, use in technological processes (for example, but not limited to, food or drug manufacturing processes), during storage of the product or during gastrointestinal transit. Examples of these metabolites include, but are not limited to, organic and inorganic acids, proteins, peptides, amino acids, enzymes, lipids, carbohydrates, lipoproteins, glycolipids, glycoproteins, vitamins, salts, metals or nucleic acids.
- Secreted molecules include any molecule exported or released by the bacteria during growth, use in technological processes (e.g., food or drug production), storage of the product, or gastrointestinal transit.
- these molecules include, but are not limited to, organic and inorganic acids, proteins, peptides, amino acids, enzymes, lipids, carbohydrates, lipoproteins, glycolipids, glycoproteins, vitamins, salts, metals, or nucleic acids. of the invention uses
- composition of the invention comprising the strain of the invention, strain derived from and/or the cellular components, metabolites, secreted molecules of the strain of the invention or derived strain, or any combination thereof.
- composition is a set of components that is formed, at least, by the strain of the invention and/or the derived strain in any concentration; or, at least, by the cellular components, metabolites, secreted molecules of the strain of the invention or the derived strain, or any combination thereof; or by a combination thereof.
- the composition of the invention has a concentration of the strain of the invention, and/or the derived strain, of between 10 4 and 10 14 colony forming units (cfu) per gram or milliliter of final composition.
- composition of the invention may further comprise at least one additional microorganism different from the strain of the invention or derived from it, and/or its cellular components, metabolites or secreted molecules, or any combination thereof.
- additional microorganism that may form part of said composition is selected from at least one of the following groups:
- lactic acid bacterium is selected from the list comprising, but not limited to, a bacterium of the genus Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Propionibacterium, Leuconostoc, Weissella, Pediococcus or Streptococcus;
- Said additional microorganism may be a strain of the same species or of a different species or taxonomic group of microorganisms from that corresponding to the strain of the invention.
- the cells comprising the composition may be non-viable or viable and be in any phase of the development or growth state (latent, exponential, stationary, etc.), regardless of the morphology it presents.
- said additional microorganism comprises at least one intestinal bacterium or a lactic bacterium.
- the composition of the invention may also comprise at least one bioactive component (active substance, active ingredient or therapeutic agent), such as, for example, components of foods, plant products and/or drugs.
- bioactive component refers to a compound with biological activity within the scope of the patent that can improve or complement the activity of the B.longum CECT 30763 strain, including ingredients or components of foods (for example and without limitation: polyunsaturated fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acid, prebiotics, fiber, guar gum, glucomannan, chitosan, copper picolinate, calcium, etc.), other probiotics, plants, plant extracts or components and drugs.
- composition of the invention may be formulated for pharmaceutical administration, i.e., forming part of pharmaceutical products to be administered to the subject by any means of administration.
- the composition of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition, hereinafter also referred to as “pharmaceutical composition of the invention”.
- the pharmaceutical composition is a set of components that is formed, at least by the strain of the invention and/or the derived strain in any concentration; or at least, by the cellular components, metabolites, secreted molecules of the strain of the invention or derived strain, or any combination thereof, which has at least one application in improving the physical, physiological or psychological well-being of a subject, which implies an improvement in the general state of his health or reduction of the risk of disease.
- Said pharmaceutical composition may be a medicine, hereinafter also referred to as the medicine of the invention.
- the invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any other of their combinations obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention, for use as a medicine.
- medicament has a more limited meaning than the meaning of “pharmaceutical composition” as defined herein, since “medicament” necessarily implies a preventive or therapeutic effect.
- the medicament referred to herein may be for human or veterinary use.
- Medicine for human use is any substance or combination of substances that is presented as having properties for the treatment or prevention of diseases in humans or that can be used in humans or administered to humans in order to restore, correct or modify physiological functions by exerting a pharmacological, immunological or metabolic action, or to establish a medical diagnosis.
- “Medicine for veterinary use” is any substance or combination of substances that is presented as having curative or preventive properties with respect to animal diseases or that can be administered to animals in order to restore, correct or modify their physiological functions by exerting a pharmacological, immunological or metabolic action, or to establish a veterinary diagnosis.
- “Medicated feed premixes” prepared for incorporation into feed will also be considered “veterinary medicinal products”.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention further comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and/or excipient.
- the “vehicle” or carrier is preferably an inert substance.
- the function of the vehicle is to facilitate the incorporation of other compounds, allow for better dosing and administration or to give consistency and form to the pharmaceutical composition. Therefore, the vehicle is a substance that is used in the medicine to dilute any of the components of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to a certain volume or weight; or that even without diluting said components is capable of allowing a better dosage and administration or giving consistency and form to the medicine.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle is the diluent.
- excipient refers to a substance that helps the absorption of any of the components of the composition of the present invention, stabilizes said components or helps the preparation of the pharmaceutical composition in the sense of giving it consistency or providing flavors that make it more pleasant.
- the excipients could have the function of keeping the components together, such as starches, sugars or celluloses, a sweetening function, a coloring function, a protection function for the medicine, such as isolating it from air and/or humidity, a filling function for a pill, capsule or any other form of presentation, such as, for example, dibasic calcium phosphate, a disintegrating function to facilitate the dissolution of the components and their absorption in the intestine, without excluding other types of excipients not mentioned in this paragraph.
- excipient is defined as that substance which, included in the galenic forms, is added to the active ingredients or their associations to enable their preparation and stability, modify their organoleptic properties or determine the physical-chemical properties of the pharmaceutical composition and its bioavailability.
- the “pharmaceutically acceptable” excipient must allow the activity of the compounds of the pharmaceutical composition, that is, it must be compatible with said components.
- the excipient and the vehicle must be pharmacologically acceptable, that is, the excipient and the vehicle must be permitted and evaluated so that they do not cause harm to the organisms to which they are administered.
- the pharmaceutical composition or medicament may be presented in any clinically permitted form of administration and in a therapeutically effective amount.
- it may be in a form adapted to oral, sublingual, nasal, intracathecal, bronchial, lymphatic, rectal, transdermal, inhaled or parenteral administration, preferably in a form adapted to oral administration.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention may be formulated in solid, semi-solid, liquid or gaseous forms, such as tablet, capsule, powder, granule, ointment, solution, suppository, injection, inhalant, gel, microsphere or aerosol.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention, or medicament of the invention is formulated in liquid or solid form.
- the composition of the invention preferably the pharmaceutical composition of the invention or medicament
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention or medicament of the invention is presented in a form adapted to oral administration.
- the form adapted for oral administration refers to a physical state that can allow its oral administration.
- Examples of forms adapted for oral administration are, but are not limited to, drops, syrup, herbal tea, elixir, suspension, extemporaneous suspension, drinkable vial, tablet, capsule, granule, stamp, pill, tablet, lozenge, troche or lyophilized.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention, or medicament of the invention is presented in a form adapted to oral administration selected from the list consisting of: drops, syrup, herbal tea, elixir, suspension, extemporaneous suspension, drinkable vial, tablet, capsule, granules, stamp, pill, tablet, lozenge, troche and lyophilized.
- galenic form or “pharmaceutical form” is the arrangement in which the active ingredients and excipients are adapted to form a medicine. It is defined by the combination of the form in which the pharmaceutical composition is presented by the manufacturer and the form in which it is administered.
- the term "therapeutically effective amount” refers to that amount of the component of the pharmaceutical composition that when administered to a mammal, preferably a human, is sufficient to produce the prevention and/or treatment, as defined below, of a disease or pathological condition of interest in the mammal, preferably a human.
- the therapeutically effective amount will vary, for example, according to the activity of the strain of the invention; of the cellular components, metabolites, secreted molecules or any combination thereof, in any form of presentation; the therapeutically effective amount will also vary according to the metabolic stability and duration of action of the compound; the age, body weight, general health, sex and diet of the patient; the mode and time of administration; the rate of excretion, the combination of drugs; the severity of the particular disorder or pathological condition; and the subject undergoing therapy, but can be determined by a specialist in the art according to his own knowledge and that description.
- the composition of the invention may also be a nutritional composition, also referred to herein as the “nutritional composition of the invention”.
- the composition of the invention is a nutritional composition.
- the term “nutritional composition” of the present invention refers to that food which, independently of providing nutrients to the subject who consumes it, beneficially affects one or more functions of the organism, thereby providing a better state of health and well-being.
- said nutritional composition can be intended for the prevention and/or treatment of a disease or the factor causing a disease. Therefore, the term “nutritional composition” of the present invention can be used as a synonym for functional food or food for specific nutritional purposes or medicinal food.
- the nutritional composition is a food, a supplement, a nutraceutical, a probiotic, a synbiotic, a postbiotic, a parabiotic or a psychobiotic.
- the food is selected from the list consisting of dairy product, vegetable product, meat product, snack, chocolate, beverage or baby food.
- dairy products include, but are not limited to, products derived from fermented milk (e.g., but not limited to yogurt or cheese) or non-fermented milk (e.g., but not limited to ice cream, butter, margarine, whey).
- the food is a dairy product selected from the list consisting of yogurt, cheese, ice cream, butter, margarine, whey, and any other product derived from fermented or unfermented milk.
- plant products include, but are not limited to, a cereal in any form of presentation, fermented or unfermented.
- the food is a plant product, wherein said plant product is a fermented or unfermented cereal.
- beverage examples include, but are not limited to, any fruit or vegetable juice or unfermented milk.
- the food is a beverage, wherein said beverage is a fruit or vegetable juice or unfermented milk.
- supplement synonymous with any of the terms “dietary supplement,” “nutritional supplement,” or “food supplement,” is a “food ingredient” intended to supplement the diet.
- supplements include, but are not limited to, vitamins, minerals, botanicals, amino acids, and food components such as enzymes and glandular extracts. They are not presented as a substitute for conventional food or as the sole component of a meal or diet, but rather as a supplement to the diet.
- the supplement may be presented in single or combined form and marketed in the form of, but not limited to, capsules, pills, tablets, and other similar forms, powder sachets, liquid ampoules and dropper dispensers, and other similar forms of liquids and powders designed to be taken in a single amount.
- the term “nutraceutical” as used in the present invention refers to substances isolated from a food and used in dosage form that have a beneficial effect on health.
- probiotic refers to live microorganisms that when supplied in adequate amounts promote health benefits in the host organism.
- symbiotic refers to those foods that contain a mixture of prebiotics and probiotics. As a general rule, They contain a prebiotic component that promotes growth and/or metabolic activity and ultimately the effect of the probiotic with which it is combined, such as, but not limited to, the association of fructooligosaccharides or galactooligosaccharides with bifidobacteria.
- postbiotic refers to those foods or supplements that contain substances or metabolites produced by probiotic microorganisms and that have a beneficial effect on the health of the host at a nutritional, metabolic and immune level, such as, for example and without limitation, metabolites such as vitamin K, short-chain fatty acids or neurotransmitters such as GABA, serotonin or acetylcholine.
- non-viable material of microbial origin that has been shown to have health benefits for humans and/or animals.
- non-viable material could include, for example and without limitation, cellular components such as teichoic acids, peptidoglycans or surface proteins.
- psychobiotic refers to probiotics, prebiotics and other dietary strategies that influence the microbiota (e.g., some fibers present in fruits and vegetables) and that exert a benefit on mental health.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the strain of the invention, derived strain, or components derived therefrom, or the composition of the invention, for the manufacture or preparation of a medicament, a nutritional composition or a food.
- the term medicament has been previously defined, and is applicable to the present aspect of the invention.
- the present invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived from it, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any other of its combinations obtained from the strain of the invention, the composition of the invention, including the pharmaceutical composition or the nutritional composition of the invention, for use in the prevention and/or treatment of at least one alteration of the mood of a subject, as well as their joint presence as comorbidities.
- the term "subject" means any animal, preferably a mammal, more preferably a primate, in particular a human, of any race, sex or age. In a preferred embodiment, alone or in combination with the other preferred embodiments, the subject is a human. In some embodiments, alone or in combination with other embodiments, the subject is a subject experiencing stress.
- treatment refers to combating the effects caused as a consequence of a disease or pathological condition of interest in a subject (preferably a mammal, and more preferably a human) including:
- prevention refers to avoiding the onset of the disease, that is, preventing the disease or pathological condition from occurring in a subject (preferably a mammal, and more preferably a human), in particular, when said subject is predisposed to the pathological condition.
- mood disorders or alterations may be defined as conditions that affect the mental/emotional state of a subject, and which may have an impact on his or her behavior, and include, but are not limited to, depression, anxiety disorders, major depression, atypical depression, typical or melancholic depression, psychotic depression, catatonic depression, pre- and postpartum depression, bipolar disorder, seasonal affective disorder, dysthymia, depressive personality disorder, double depression, depressive disorder not otherwise specified, recurrent brief depressive disorder, minor depression, substance abuse-induced or drug-induced mood disorder.
- Another preferred embodiment relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any of its combinations obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, the composition of the invention, including the pharmaceutical composition or the nutritional composition of the invention, for use in the prevention and/or treatment of at least two, three, four, five or a plurality of disorders or alterations of a subject's mood.
- the disorders or alterations of a subject's mood may also occur simultaneously or sequentially.
- the mood disturbance is selected from the list consisting of depression, anxiety or anxiety disorder, major depression, atypical depression, typical or melancholic depression, psychotic depression, catatonic depression, pre- and postpartum depression, bipolar disorder, seasonal affective disorder, stress, dysthymia, depressive personality disorder, double depression, depressive disorder not otherwise specified, recurrent brief depressive disorder, minor depression, substance abuse-induced mood disorder, drug use-induced mood disorder, and any combination thereof.
- the mood disturbance is depression and/or anxiety. More preferably, when the mood disturbance is stress, the stress is chronic stress, even more preferably chronic social stress, or acute stress.
- Anxiety is an emotion characterized by feelings of tension, concerned thoughts, and physical changes such as increased blood pressure. Anxiety can be experienced not only by humans, but also by other animals, particularly other non-human mammals.
- Anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorder in humans, affecting nearly 30% of adults at some point in their lives.
- Anxiety disorders include, but are not limited to, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, specific phobia, agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder (formerly called social phobia), noise aversion, or separation anxiety disorder.
- anxiety disorders includes not only the anxiety disorders described above, but also related conditions, including but not limited to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); acute stress disorder; obsessive-compulsive disorder or adjustment disorders.
- PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder
- acute stress disorder acute stress disorder
- depression is a highly prevalent mental illness that the health system is facing. Like anxiety, it can be experienced not only by humans, but also by other animals, particularly other non-human mammals.
- depression refers to a clinical disorder that includes a predominantly sad or depressed mood and that may be accompanied by other psychological and/or physical symptoms, optionally occurring.
- depression is thought to occur in up to 60% of people with anxiety disorders.
- Depressive symptoms are associated with future impairments in mobility and functioning, and higher medical costs.
- the B. longum CECT 30763 strain is able to improve the neuroendocrine response, as shown in Example 4, where treatment with B. longum CECT 30763 of the stress-induced depression animal model reduced plasma corticosterone and dopamine levels.
- the B. longum CECT 30763 strain also reduces mediators of chronic stress-induced inflammation (CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2, IL-6, and TNF-a), and increases the proportion of regulatory T cells in the intestine and spleen after acute and chronic stress (Example 5, Fig. 6A, 6B, and 6C).
- the present invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, the composition of the invention, including the pharmaceutical composition or the nutritional composition of the invention, for use in improving the neuroendocrine response of a subject, preferably for use in improving the neuroendocrine response comorbid with at least one mood disorder.
- the composition of the invention including the pharmaceutical composition or the nutritional composition of the invention, for use in improving the neuroendocrine response of a subject, preferably for use in improving the neuroendocrine response comorbid with at least one mood disorder. Examples used to define mood disorders or disorders have been previously mentioned, and both they and their preferred embodiments are also applicable to the present aspect of the invention.
- the strain of the invention and derived products also have applicability in relation to the prevention and/or treatment of cardiometabolic disorders.
- another aspect of the invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, the composition of the invention, including the pharmaceutical composition or the nutritional composition of the invention, for use in the prevention and/or treatment of at least one cardiometabolic disorder in a subject.
- some preferred embodiments contemplate the prevention and/or treatment of at least two, three, four, five or a plurality of cardiometabolic disorders of a subject. These may occur simultaneously or sequentially.
- Cardiometabolic disorders are alterations, in many cases, related to different interrelated factors such as hypertension, inflammation, elevated blood sugar, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity and elevated triglycerides in a subject. These cardiometabolic disorders include cardiovascular or metabolic diseases or disorders.
- cardiometabolic disorders include, but are not limited to, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, or other cardiovascular disease.
- the cardiometabolic disorder is selected from the list consisting of: a cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and any combination thereof.
- the strain of the invention demonstrates protective effects on cardiometabolic health by reducing oxidative stress in the heart (Example 6, Fig. 11 ).
- the strain of the invention is capable of reducing the levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2, IL-6 and TNF-a, which are inflammatory mediators that are also increased in cardiometabolic pathologies.
- the B. longum CECT 30763 strain also increased Tregs in the spleen and intestine, after stress. acute and chronic, indicating an anti-inflammatory effect (Example 5, Fig. 6A, 6B and 6C).
- the cardiometabolic disorder comprises inflammation. More preferably, the inflammation is mediated by at least one cytokine selected from the list consisting of CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2, IL-6, TNF-a and any combination thereof, and/or by reduced Treg levels compared to reference values.
- reference values is meant the levels of Tregs in healthy subjects.
- the present invention also has applicability in relation to the prevention and/or treatment of liver disorders or alterations.
- another aspect of the invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, the composition of the invention, including the pharmaceutical composition or the nutritional composition of the invention, for use in the prevention and/or treatment of at least one liver disorder or alteration in a subject.
- some preferred embodiments contemplate the prevention and/or treatment of at least two, three, four, five or a plurality of liver disorders or conditions in a subject. These may occur simultaneously or sequentially.
- liver disorder or alteration is understood to mean disorders or conditions that prevent the proper functioning of the liver.
- liver disorder or alteration include, but are not limited to, fatty liver or steatosis, liver fibrosis, hepatocarcinoma, liver failure or hepatitis.
- the liver disorder is selected from the list consisting of: steatosis, liver fibrosis, hepatitis, hepatocarcinoma, liver failure and any combination thereof.
- the invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention, for use in the prevention and/or treatment of mood disorders and/or cardiometabolic disorders and/or liver disorders and/or in improving the neuroendocrine response in a subject.
- Mood disorders or disturbances, such as depression and/or anxiety, are associated with other psychiatric and non-psychiatric medical conditions (e.g., cardiometabolic disorders such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and liver disorders such as fatty liver or steatosis, hepatic fibrosis) and frequently occur together.
- cardiometabolic disorders such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and liver disorders such as fatty liver or steatosis, hepatic fibrosis
- the term “comorbidity” refers to the presence of one or more disorders in addition to the primary disease or disorder in the same subject. They may occur at the same time or one after the other. “Comorbidity” also implies that there may be interaction between the diseases, worsening the course of each and making treatment difficult.
- the present invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof, obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, the composition of the invention, including the pharmaceutical composition or the nutritional composition of the invention, for use in the prevention and/or treatment of comorbid mood disorders or alterations in a subject.
- mood disorders or alterations are depression and anxiety.
- the present invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof, obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, the composition of the invention, including the pharmaceutical composition or the nutritional composition of the invention, for use in the prevention and/or treatment of cardiometabolic comorbidities in a subject.
- the phrase “comorbidities” “cardiometabolic” refers to one or more cardiometabolic disorders being present in a subject in addition to the primary disorder, in the present invention, wherein said primary disorder is at least one mood disorder or alteration.
- the present aspect relates to the use in the prevention and/or treatment of one or more cardiometabolic disorders comorbid with at least one mood alteration of a subject.
- the cardiometabolic disorder comprises inflammation.
- the present invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof, obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, the composition of the invention, including the pharmaceutical composition or the nutritional composition of the invention, for use in the prevention and/or treatment of liver comorbidities in a subject.
- liver comorbidities refers to one or more liver disorders being present in a subject in addition to the primary disorder, in the present invention, wherein said primary disorder is at least one mood disorder or disorder.
- the present aspect relates to the use in the prevention and/or treatment of one or more liver disorders comorbid with at least one mood disorder of a subject.
- liver disorders have been previously mentioned, and both they and their preferred embodiments are also applicable to the present aspect of the invention.
- the present invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, the composition of the invention, including the pharmaceutical composition or the nutritional composition of the invention, for use in the prevention and/or treatment of cardiometabolic and hepatic comorbidities in a subject.
- the present invention when defining “cardiometabolic comorbidities”, and “hepatic comorbidities”, the present invention relates to a strain of the invention, a strain of the invention, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, the composition of the invention, including the pharmaceutical composition or the nutritional composition of the invention, for use in the prevention and/or treatment of cardiometabolic and hepatic comorbidities in a subject.
- hepatic disorders refers to one or more cardiometabolic disorders, and one or more liver disorders, respectively, being present in a subject in addition to the primary disorder, in the present invention, wherein said primary disorder is at least one mood disorder or disturbance. That is, the present aspect of the invention relates to the use in preventing and/or treating one or more liver disorders and one or more cardiometabolic disorders, comorbid with at least one mood disorder in a subject.
- strain of the invention strain derived therefrom, cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention, can be used as an adjuvant.
- adjuvant is understood to be a compound that helps improve the effectiveness or efficiency of other medications for the treatment and/or prevention of a disorder, alteration or disease, which would allow reducing their dose and/or the frequency of administration or enhancing their effectiveness through the administration of a formulation of the strain of the invention with complementary mechanisms of action.
- the invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention, for use as an adjuvant in the treatment and/or prevention of mood disorders and/or cardiometabolic disorders and/or liver disorders or alterations and/or in the improvement of the neuroendocrine response in a subject.
- Examples used to define mood disorders, cardiometabolic disorders or liver disorders have been previously mentioned, and both they and their preferred embodiments are also applicable to the present aspect of the invention.
- the invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention, for use as an adjuvant in the treatment and/or prevention of comorbid mood disorders.
- the invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention, for use as an adjuvant in the treatment and/or prevention of cardiometabolic comorbidities and/or hepatic comorbidities and/or improvement of the comorbid neuroendocrine response in a subject.
- the invention relates to the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention, for use as an adjuvant in the treatment and/or prevention of one or more cardiometabolic disorders, and one or more liver disorders, comorbid with at least one mood disorder in a subject.
- the invention relates to a method for the prevention and/or treatment of at least one alteration of the mood of a subject, which comprises the administration of the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention.
- the invention in another aspect, relates to a method for the prevention and/or treatment of at least one cardiometabolic disorder in a subject, comprising the administration of the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention.
- the invention relates to a method for the prevention and/or treatment of at least one liver disorder or alteration in a subject, which comprises the administration of the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention.
- the invention relates to a method for the prevention and/or treatment of comorbid mood disorders or alterations in a subject, comprising the administration of the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention.
- the invention in another aspect, relates to a method for the prevention and/or treatment of cardiometabolic comorbidities in a subject, comprising the administration of the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention.
- cardiometabolic comorbidities refers to one or more cardiometabolic disorders being present in a subject in addition to the primary disorder, in the present invention wherein said primary disorder is at least one mood disorder or alteration.
- the present aspect relates to the method in the prevention and/or treatment of one or more cardiometabolic disorders with at least one mood alteration in a subject.
- the invention in another aspect, relates to a method for the prevention and/or treatment of liver comorbidities in a subject, comprising the administration of the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof, obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention.
- liver comorbidities refers to one or more liver disorders being present in a subject in addition to the primary disorder, in the present invention wherein said primary disorder is at least one mood disorder or alteration.
- the present aspect relates to the method in the prevention and/or treatment of one or more liver disorders with at least one mood alteration in a subject.
- the invention in another aspect, relates to a method for the prevention and/or treatment of cardiometabolic and hepatic comorbidities in a subject, comprising the administration of the strain of the invention, a strain derived therefrom, a cellular component, metabolite, secreted molecule or any combination thereof, obtained from the strain of the invention or derived strain, or the composition of the invention.
- the present aspect relates to the method in the prevention and/or treatment of one or more liver disorders and one or more cardiometabolic disorders with at least one mood disorder in a subject.
- C control mice; E, untreated mice subjected to chronic stress; E + B, mice subjected to chronic stress and treated with B. longum CECT 30763.
- C control mice; E, untreated mice subjected to chronic stress; E + B, mice subjected to chronic stress and treated with B. longum CECT 30763.
- C control mice; E, untreated mice subjected to chronic stress; E + B, mice subjected to chronic stress and treated with B. longum CECT 30763.
- Data are expressed in picograms (pg) per milliliter (mi) and standard error.
- C control mice
- E untreated chronically stressed mice
- E+B chronically stressed mice treated with B. longum CECT 30763.
- Data are expressed individually, each point and histograms represent the mean and standard error.
- C control mice
- E untreated mice subjected to chronic stress
- E+B mice subjected to chronic stress and treated with B. longum CECT 30763.
- Data are represented individually, each point and histograms represent the mean and standard error.
- Statistically significant differences were established by applying a one-way ANOVA test with a Bonferroni post-test (*p ⁇ 0.05; ** p>0.01 ).
- C control mice
- E untreated chronically stressed mice
- E+B chronically stressed mice treated with B. longum CECT 30763.
- the data are represented individually, each point and the histograms represent the mean and standard error.
- Statistically significant differences were established by applying a one-way ANOVA test with a Bonferroni post-test or with t-student between two groups when indicated (*p ⁇ 0.05).
- C control mice
- E untreated mice subjected to chronic stress
- E+B mice subjected to chronic stress and treated with B. longum CECT 30763.
- B. longum strain CECT 30763 was isolated and identified from the stool of healthy volunteers on MRS agar + 0.05% L-cysteine (MRS-cis). Serial dilutions of stool samples were made in PBS-1x + 0.05% L-cysteine and cultured on MRS-cis plates in anaerobic culture at 37 ° C for 48 hours. Isolated colonies were identified by Gram staining and subsequent colony PCR sequencing.
- the 16S rRNA gene (1.5 Kb) was amplified with primers 27F (SEQ ID NO 1: 5-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3') and 1401 R (SEQ ID NO 2: 5'- CGGTGTGTACAAGACCC-3') which allowed us to identify the genus and species, and the threonine-tRNA ligase gene (ThrS) was amplified with primers BifiThrS-F (SEQ ID NO 3: 5'-AAGGACGGCTTCTACTACGA-3') and BifiThrS-R (SEQ ID NO 4: 5'- AAGATCAGGTTGTGCATCGG-3') and used together with the previous one served for differentiation at the strain level.
- ThrS threonine-tRNA ligase gene
- Both genes were sequenced using Sanger technology on an Apllied Biosystems ABI 3730XL sequencer using both the forward and reverse primers. Two nucleotide sequences were obtained for each of the genes (16S rRNA and ThrS), one sequenced with the forward primer and another with the reverse primer. Using the PRABI-Doua web tool, a single amplicon was generated. each of the genes (SEQ ID NO: 5 and SEQ ID NO: 6, respectively). By comparing the sequences obtained from the 16S rRNA with those from the NCBI database and the BLASTn algorithm, the species identification was obtained with a percentage of identity of 100%.
- both genes were aligned separately for their subsequent concatenation with the mafft software, obtaining a single nucleotide sequence formed by the 16S rRNA gene, 20 ambiguous nucleotides (N) and the ThrS gene of each of the strains used to carry out the analysis.
- the phylogeny was generated using the MEGAX software. After entering the sequences into the program, an alignment was performed using ClustalW + Muscle, using the maximum likelihood statistical model, the T92 nucleotide substitution model (Tamura- 3-parameters) was selected. Finally, the analysis was performed using the Bootstrap method, with 1000 replicates. By creating a dendrogram, it was confirmed that the strain subject to the patent (B. longum G121 or B.longum CECT 30763) differs from other strains of the same species.
- EXAMPLE 2 Effects of the B. longum CECT 30763 strain on behavior in a social stress-induced depression model.
- B. longum strain CECT 30763 was grown in liquid MRS medium at 37 ° C in anaerobiosis, using an anaerobic chamber with a gas mixture of 10% CO2 , 10% H2 , 80% N2 (Bactron 300-2, Shellab, Cornelius, OR, USA). Cells were harvested by centrifugation (12,000 g for 10 min at 4 ° C) and washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, 130 mM sodium chloride, 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4) supplemented with 0.05% L-cysteine.
- PBS phosphate-buffered saline
- the bacteria were resuspended in PBS + 0.05% L-cysteine + 10% glycerol and aliquots of these suspensions were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 ° C until use.
- Cell viability of the cultures was determined by culturing on MRS agar plates, Viability of the cultures after storage at -80 ° C ranged between 98-99% of live cells per mL of culture. Aliquots were thawed daily for administration to avoid deviations in culture viability during the study.
- longum group were treated with a daily dose of the bacteria 1 x10 9 colony forming units [CFU]-suspended in PBS + 0.05% L-cysteine + 10% glycerol.
- the vehicle or placebo (PBS + 0.05% L-cysteine + 10% glycerol) was administered equally to both the control and stress groups.
- the treatment or placebo was administered for 6 weeks. After these 6 weeks, one subgroup was used for behavioural tests and another was sacrificed by cervical dislocation to obtain samples, including blood, intestine, brain, faecal content and faeces. Other experimental groups were sacrificed after the first exposure to acute stress in order to analyse effects in the early stages of the traumatic situation.
- agonistic encounters were carried out (mouse introduction
- the intruder mice were subjected to agonistic encounters (naive mice in the resident's cage for 5 minutes) in which physical contact was allowed between them and in which the intruder mouse suffered a high degree of stress (reflected by the production of high levels of corticosterone).
- the agonistic encounters took place in a neutral room and not in the animal house in which they were normally housed.
- the experimental mice (intruders) showed avoidance or flight behaviour, as well as defence/submission after suffering aggression (threat/attack) from their opponent.
- the criterion used to define that an animal had been defeated was the adoption of a specific posture that signifies defeat. It is characterised by an upright submissive posture with limp front legs, head tilted upwards and retracted ears [Can, A., et al., The tail suspension test. J Vis Exp, 2012(59): p. e3769.].
- mice in this group were placed for 5 minutes in a cage exactly like the one used for the agonistic encounters. For 5 minutes they explored the cage without coming into contact with any opponent.
- the 3% sucrose preference test was performed to assess hedonic/anhedonic behavior associated with depressive behavior. Anhedonic behavior (inability to feel pleasure) is considered one of the clearest symptoms of depression. Different studies in animals have shown that depressed animals consume less water with 3% sucrose, which is considered anhedonic behavior.
- the test consisted of depriving animals of water for 12 h and then exposing them to two options, either water or water with 3% sucrose dissolved in it.
- the sucrose and water bottles were changed during the 2-h test period to ensure that there was no effect related to place preference.
- the amount of 3% sucrose ingested during these 2 h would indicate hedonic/anhedonic behavior.
- a lower intake of sucrose would indicate anhedonia.
- Sucrose preference was calculated as the percentage of sucrose ingested in relation to the total amount of liquid consumed and corrected for body weight.
- the results (Fig. 1 ) indicate that stressed animals ingest significantly less 3% sucrose than control mice (p ⁇ 0.05) indicating anhedonic and, therefore, depressive behavior.
- Treatment with B. longum CECT 30763 significantly reduces anhedonia (p ⁇ 0.001 ), indicating its ability to reduce depressive behavior in this test.
- mice were suspended from the edge of a table with adhesive tape placed approximately 1 cm from the tip of the tail in a position where they could neither escape nor cling to nearby surfaces. Escape-directed behavior was quantified, as was immobility time for 5 min. The duration of activity and immobility was recorded during the 5 min test. This test is widely used for the assessment of depressive-like behavior in mice [Can, A., et al., The tail suspension test. J Vis Exp, 2012(59): p. e3769].
- FIG. 2 The results indicate that stressed animals show a significant increase in overall activity compared to control animals (p ⁇ 0.01 ).
- a single mouse was placed in the beaker filled with water for a period of 5 minutes and its behavior was recorded using software (Smart 2.0, Panlab). The time that the mice were moving or immobile was analyzed.
- mice move significantly more (p ⁇ 0.05) than control mice and treatment with B. longum CECT 30763 normalizes this behavior (p ⁇ 0.0001), suggesting its effectiveness in restoring alterations in depressive behavior.
- Openfield This test measures activity and anxiety in an open field. It consists of placing the animals in an open box for 10 minutes. It is considered that the less activity they show in the centre of the open field, the more anxiety the animals show.
- EXAMPLE 3 Effects of the B. longum CECT 30763 strain on the immune response in an animal model of depression induced by social stress.
- the immune system response in plasma, spleen and small intestine was analyzed by flow cytometry in the animal model of depression induced by acute and chronic social stress.
- flow cytometry was used, which is an analytical method that allows the rapid measurement of certain physical and chemical characteristics of cells or particles suspended in liquid that produce a signal individually when interfering with a light source.
- cytokines and chemokines in plasma were obtained from blood with EDTA and centrifuged at 3500 rpm, 10 minutes at 4 ° C.
- a multiplex kit (LEGENDplexTM Mouse Inflammation Panel) was used specifically to label cytokines and chemokines with fluorescence so that they could be quantified simultaneously by flow cytometry, following the manufacturer's instructions.
- the labeled samples were analyzed by flow cytometry with a FORTESSA equipment (Beckton Dikinson, BD LSR-FORTESSA SORP).
- Small intestine cells were isolated according to the procedure previously described by our group (López-Almela et al., Bacteroides uniformis combined with fiber amplifies metabolic and immune benefits in obese mice. Gut Microbes.2021 , 13(1 ):p. 1 )., The cells isolated and suspended in FACS buffer (PBS with 0.5% BSA) were incubated with different immunolabels for 30 minutes at 4 q C in the dark to measure lymphocyte subpopulations (specifically regulatory T cells also known as Tregs).
- FACS buffer PBS with 0.5% BSA
- single cell suspensions were prepared by pressing the tissues through a 100 ⁇ m cell strainer (Sarstedt) placed in a 50 mL tube using the plunger of a 1 mL syringe and washing the strainer with sterile 1 X PBS supplemented with 5% FBS (FACS 5%). Samples were centrifuged 5 min at 300 g. Red blood cells were lysed by a 10 min incubation at 37 ° C with 5 mL of 1 X RBC lysis buffer (eBioscience). Immune cells were washed with FACS 5%.
- Tregs cells were determined with: CD45 AF700, CD19 PE-Cy7, CD4 PE, CD3 PerCp Cy5.5, CD 8 FITC, CD25 APC, Foxp3 BV421 (BD).
- BD Mouse Foxp3 Buffer Set kit
- the samples were acquired in BD LSR-FORTESSA SORP (Beckton Dikinson) and analyzed with the flow cytometry software FCS express version 5.
- chemokine CXCL9 (Fig. 5A), which promotes the differentiation and multiplication of leukocytes
- CXCL10 (Fig. 5B)
- B. longum CECT 30763 significantly reduced (p ⁇ 0.05) this alteration in both cases.
- These chemokines are increased in patients with high levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms, so treatment with B. longum CECT 30763 would be improving immunological markers associated with depressive and anxiogenic states.
- IL-6 has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of depression and is one of the cytokines that increases the most in the serum of subjects with depression in both clinical and preclinical trials. While there is a relationship between serum TNF-a levels and subjects with anxiety disorders. Therefore, we could affirm that B. longum CECT 30763 is playing a positive role in the immune response related to depression and anxiety.
- B. longum CECT 30763 is playing a positive role by restoring 5 chemokines and cytokines in plasma, which are altered in patients with depression and/or anxiety. Some of these inflammatory mediators are also involved in the development of cardiovascular pathologies. CCL2 in particular plays a crucial role in the initial development of this type of pathology, as it promotes the infiltration of macrophages and other cells of the immune system into cardiac tissue, activating, among other things, a cascade of pro-inflammatory cytokine production including IL-6 and TNF-a. In this case, B. longum CECT 30763 could be playing an important role in cardiovascular health, as the reduction of these chemokines has been linked to a decrease in interstitial fibrosis and less cardiac dysfunction in cardiovascular disease.
- spleen cells and small intestine cells showed that regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) were significantly decreased as a consequence of chronic stress and that B. longum CECT 30763 was able to increase them by exerting an anti-inflammatory effect after repeated exposure to stress.
- Tregs regulatory T lymphocytes
- the administration of the bacteria proved to be able to increase Tregs lymphocytes significantly (p ⁇ 0.001) and independently of the effect of stress (Fig. 6C). This last result suggests that B. longum CECT 30763 has per se an anti-inflammatory effect that exerted in the early stages of exposure to stress reduces the adverse effects of continued exposure.
- EXAMPLE 4 Effect of the B. longum CECT 30763 strain on the neuroendocrine response in an animal model of depression induced by chronic social stress.
- the results of treatment with B. longum CECT 30763 on the endocrine response were measured by analyzing the plasma release of corticosterone, the main hormone released into the bloodstream in response to the activation of the HPA axis that occurs when the body perceives stress.
- To prepare the sample cold methanol was added at a ratio of 1:3 to the plasma to deproteinize, and it was centrifuged at 13,000 rpm at 4 ° C for 10 minutes. The supernatant was injected into the mass spectrophotometer.
- FIG. 7A showed that stress for 10 consecutive days is able to significantly increase (p ⁇ 0.0001) plasma corticosterone levels.
- Treatment with B. longum CECT 30763 managed to slightly reduce corticosterone levels although this reduction was not significant.
- the dopaminergic response was evaluated since dopamine plays a relevant role in stress-induced depression. Specifically, plasma dopamine (DA) was measured. The same method used for corticosterone was used to measure dopamine.
- DA plasma dopamine
- the primers used to identify the receptors were the following: D2L: 5 -3'F-GGAGTTTTCCCAGTGAACAGGCGG (SEQ ID NO: 7) and 5 -3'R-
- TTAGGATGCTATAGACTCTGCCCTA (SEQ ID NO: 10).
- the reference or “housekeeping” gene with which the expression was compared and quantified The gene for both receptors was RPL19 and the primers used were: 5'-3'F- CCTTGTCTGCCTTCAGCTTGT (SEQ ID NO: 1 1) and 5 -3'R- GAAGGTCAAAGGGAATGTGTTCA (SEQ ID NO: 12).
- EXAMPLE 5 Effect of the B. longum strain on the hepatic response in an animal model of depression induced by chronic social stress.
- TGFpi Transforming growth factor beta 1
- Collagen type 1 alpha chain 1 Col1 a1
- Collagen type 3 alpha chain 1 Col3a1
- TFGpi expression since it is a profibrotic molecule expressed by myofibroblasts to promote collagen production, no changes were observed. This can be explained since this molecule is part of the first steps of the fibrosis pathway, and therefore, after 10 days of exposure of the mice to stress, the expression is no longer increased, but the protein or its target genes such as collagens are.
- the primers used were the following: TGF 1: 5'-3'F- ACCATGCCAACTTCTGTCTG (SEQ ID NO: 13) and 5 -3'R- CGGGTTGTGTTGGTTGTAGA (SEQ ID NO: 14).
- Col1 a1 5 -3'F-AATGGCACGGCTGTCTGCGA (SEQ ID NO: 15) and 5 -3'R- AGCACTCGCCCTCCCGTCTT (SEQ ID NO: 16)
- Col3a1 5 -3'F-CTGTAACATGGAAACTGGGGAAA (SEQ ID NO: 17) and 5 -3'R- CCATAGCTGAACTGAAAACCACC (SEQ ID NO: 18)
- B. longum CECT 30763 has protective effects on some of the changes induced by chronic stress in the expression of enzymes related to fatty acid metabolism in the liver, the main organ responsible for their metabolism. Specifically, the expression of the enzyme ACC1 (acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1) (Fig. 10A) decreases with stress. This enzyme participates in the de novo synthesis of fatty acids and it has been seen that the decrease in its activity produces an increase in the storage of fat and triglycerides in the blood [Chow, J.D., et al., Genetic inhibition of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity increases liver fat and alters global protein acetylation. Mol Metab, 2014. 3(4): p. 419-31.]. Treatment with B. longum CECT 30763 is able to increase its expression in a statistically significant way in the liver of mice with chronic stress.
- the primers used were the following:
- DGAT diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1
- CPT1 a carboxyltransferase 1A
- B. longum CECT 30763 improving metabolism and decreasing the risk of developing related disorders.
- the primers used were the following:
- DGAT 5'-3 -TCCGTCCAGGGTGGTAGTG (SEQ ID NO: 21) and 5'-3'R-TGAACAAAG AATCTTGCAGACGA (SEQ ID NO: 22).
- CPT1 a 5'-3'F-TTTGAATCGGCTCCTAATGG (SEQ ID NO: 23) and 5 -3'R- CCCAAGTATCCACAGGGTCA (SEQ ID NO: 24).
- RPL19 was used as a reference gene, the primers of which have already been specified in Example 4.
- EXAMPLE 6 Effect of the B. longum CECT 30763 strain on oxidative stress in an animal model of depression induced by chronic social stress.
- Fig. 1 1 The presence of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) has been analyzed in cardiac tissue (Fig. 1 1), a biomarker of DNA damage due to oxidative stress, which has been related to cardiac alterations, especially in hypertensive pathology.
- Fig. 1 1 To study the presence of DNA damage due to oxidative stress, immunofluorescence techniques were performed on 10 pm thick cross sections of the hearts of mice from the different experimental groups. These sections were first incubated with a primary monoclonal mouse antibody against 8-OHdG and subsequently with a secondary antibody against the fluorescent mouse primary antibody (Alexa Fluor® 488).
- Phalloidin a probe conjugated with a red fluorescent dye (Alexa Fluor® 546) that specifically labels F-actin fibers, and the fluorescent marker DAPI that specifically labels cell nuclei were also used.
- a red fluorescent dye Alexa Fluor® 546
- DAPI fluorescent marker
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Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| EP24759817.0A EP4671360A1 (en) | 2023-02-22 | 2024-02-22 | BIFIDOBACTERIUM LONGUM STRAIN AND ASSOCIATED USES |
| CN202480021967.XA CN120882857A (zh) | 2023-02-22 | 2024-02-22 | 长双歧杆菌菌株及其用途 |
| MX2025009923A MX2025009923A (es) | 2023-02-22 | 2025-08-21 | Cepa de bifidobacterium longum y usos de la misma |
| CONC2025/0011975A CO2025011975A2 (es) | 2023-02-22 | 2025-09-04 | Cepa de bifidobacterium longum y usos de la misma |
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| ES202330135A ES2980044A1 (es) | 2023-02-22 | 2023-02-22 | Cepa de Bifidobacterium longum y usos de la misma |
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| WO2024175823A1 true WO2024175823A1 (es) | 2024-08-29 |
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ID=92500311
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2024/070105 Ceased WO2024175823A1 (es) | 2023-02-22 | 2024-02-22 | Cepa de bifidobacterium longum y usos de la misma |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4671360A1 (es) |
| CN (1) | CN120882857A (es) |
| CO (1) | CO2025011975A2 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2980044A1 (es) |
| MX (1) | MX2025009923A (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2024175823A1 (es) |
-
2023
- 2023-02-22 ES ES202330135A patent/ES2980044A1/es active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-02-22 CN CN202480021967.XA patent/CN120882857A/zh active Pending
- 2024-02-22 WO PCT/ES2024/070105 patent/WO2024175823A1/es not_active Ceased
- 2024-02-22 EP EP24759817.0A patent/EP4671360A1/en active Pending
-
2025
- 2025-08-21 MX MX2025009923A patent/MX2025009923A/es unknown
- 2025-09-04 CO CONC2025/0011975A patent/CO2025011975A2/es unknown
Non-Patent Citations (10)
| Title |
|---|
| ALTSCHUL S.F. ET AL.: "Basic local alignment search tool", J MOL BIOL, vol. 215, no. 3, 5 October 1990 (1990-10-05), pages 403 - 10 |
| AYGUN HATICE; AKIN ALI TUGRUL; KIZILASLAN NILDEM; SUMBUL ORHAN; KARABULUT DERYA: "Probiotic supplementation alleviates absence seizures and anxiety- and depression-like behavior in WAG/Rij rat by increasing neurotrophic factors and decreasing proinflammatory cytokines", EPILEPSY AND BEHAVIOR, ACADEMIC PRESS, SAN DIEGO, CA, US, vol. 128, 10 February 2022 (2022-02-10), US , XP086977222, ISSN: 1525-5050, DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108588 * |
| CAN, A. ET AL.: "The tail suspension test", J VIS EXP, no. 59, 2012, pages 3769 |
| CAN, A. ET AL.: "The tail suspension test", J VIS EXP, vol. 2012, no. 59, pages 3769 |
| CHOW, J.D. ET AL.: "Genetic inhibition of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity increases liver fat and alters global protein acetylation", MOL METAB, vol. 3, no. 4, 2014, pages 419 - 31 |
| DIEZ-GUTIéRREZ LUCíA; SAN VICENTE LEIRE; R. BARRóN LUIS JAVIER; VILLARáN MARíA DEL CARMEN; CHáVARRI : "Gamma-aminobutyric acid and probiotics: Multiple health benefits and their future in the global functional food and nutraceuticals market", JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS, ELSEVIER BV, NL, vol. 64, 19 November 2019 (2019-11-19), NL , XP085973622, ISSN: 1756-4646, DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103669 * |
| LÓPEZ-ALMELA ET AL.: "Bacteroides uniformis combined with fiber amplifies metabolic and immune benefits in obese mice", GUT MICROBES, vol. 13, no. 1, 2021, pages 1 |
| MESSAOUDI, M. ET AL.: "Assessment of psychotropic-like properties of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) in rats and human subjects", BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, vol. 105, no. 5, March 2011 (2011-03-01), pages 755 - 764, XP008143218, ISSN: 0007-1145, [retrieved on 20240129], DOI: 10.1017/S0007114510004319 * |
| PRIYA, T. ET AL.: "Intermingling of gut microbiota with brain: Exploring the role of probiotics in battle against depressive disorders", FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL, vol. 137, no. 3, June 2020 (2020-06-01), XP086360232, ISSN: 0963-9969, [retrieved on 20240205], DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109489 * |
| See also references of EP4671360A1 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4671360A1 (en) | 2025-12-31 |
| MX2025009923A (es) | 2025-10-01 |
| CN120882857A (zh) | 2025-10-31 |
| CO2025011975A2 (es) | 2025-10-20 |
| ES2980044A1 (es) | 2024-09-27 |
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