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WO2024095288A1 - A smart smb and a method for smb communication in photovoltaic system - Google Patents

A smart smb and a method for smb communication in photovoltaic system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024095288A1
WO2024095288A1 PCT/IN2023/051006 IN2023051006W WO2024095288A1 WO 2024095288 A1 WO2024095288 A1 WO 2024095288A1 IN 2023051006 W IN2023051006 W IN 2023051006W WO 2024095288 A1 WO2024095288 A1 WO 2024095288A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
smb
communication
smart
unit
wireless
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IN2023/051006
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Seshadri DEVANADHAN
Bijay Kumar SARANGI
Original Assignee
Tata Power Solar Systems Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tata Power Solar Systems Ltd. filed Critical Tata Power Solar Systems Ltd.
Publication of WO2024095288A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024095288A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/40—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture

Definitions

  • the field of invention generally relates to for String Monitoring Box (SMB) communication in photovoltaic system. More specifically, it relates to a system and method for Radio Frequency (RF) based wireless SMB communication with supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) in photovoltaic system.
  • SMB String Monitoring Box
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
  • Photovoltaic system is one of the fastest growing markets around the world. With mass implementation of photovoltaic system, there arises a need to find more and more ways to keep the systems working at the optimal performance.
  • One of the critical ways to monitor the solar PV panels and identify the faulty component in photovoltaic system in the shortest time possible is string monitoring.
  • string monitoring is a method where all the strings of solar PV panels are monitored to track the output and performance of each unit along with the overall output and performance of the entire system.
  • the principal object of this invention is to provide a system and method for Radio Frequency (RF) based wireless SMB communication with supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) in photovoltaic system.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a smart SMB that is configured to enable wireless SMB communication along with the wired RS485 communication for ensuring reliable communication.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide the smart SMB that can be quickly fitted/ connected to existing SMBs.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a wireless SMB communication unit configured with topologies comprising at least one of point to point, star, and mesh.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide the wireless SMB communication unit that is securely encrypted.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a narrow-band RF unit that is configured to be highly insensitive to interference by use of narrow band input filter and not affected by WLAN.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide the RF unit that can operate in different wireless systems simultaneously using a wireless transmitter and receiver unit.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a surge protection device (SPD) unit that is configured for built-in surge protection for the omni-directional antenna, to provide protection against direct and indirect electrical surges, spikes and lightning.
  • SPD surge protection device
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) server unit configured to monitor AC, DC parameters like voltage and current of strings for solar sites in real time, to predict faults to prevent future outages and to increase plant generation and productivity.
  • SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
  • a further object of the invention is to provide communication of SMB data of solar sites to the SCADA server without any data loss, noise, and interference.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a user device configured with a user account, to display and view the individual string readings.
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a general block diagram of system for SMB communication in photovoltaic system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a detailed block diagram of smart SMB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a system architecture of SMB communication in photovoltaic system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a wireless transmitter used in the system architecture for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a wireless receiver used in the system architecture for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a junction box for smart SMB for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a pictorial representation of smart SMB in the SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a schematic diagram of retrofitting of smart SMB in existing SMB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a circuit diagram for smart SMB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a graphical representation of SMB communication success rate in OCL, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a method of assembling SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a method for implementing SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the present invention discloses a smart SMB and method for SMB communication with SCADA in photovoltaic system.
  • the system comprises at least one solar module, at least one user device, at least one smart SMB and a communication network.
  • the at least one smart SMB is configured to enable a wireless SMB communication along with a wired SMB communication for ensuring reliable communication, wherein the at least one smart SMB can be connected to an existing SMBs.
  • the at least one smart SMB comprises at least one SMB communication unit, at least one SMB processing unit, at least one memory unit, at least one Radio Frequency (RF) unit, at least one surge protection device (SPD), and at least one supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) unit.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • SPD surge protection device
  • SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
  • the at least one SMB communication unit is configured with topologies comprising at least one of point to point, star, and mesh among others, that can support up to 250 nodes of SMB communication and a communication range up to 500 m to 11.5 km and clear line of sight of up to 2000m in case of indoor environment.
  • the at least one Radio Frequency (RF) unit is configured to be highly insensitive to interference by use of a narrow band input filter and not affected by WLAN.
  • the at least one surge protection device (SPD) is configured for built-in surge protection for the omni-directional antenna, to provide protection against a direct and an indirect electrical surges, spikes, and lightning.
  • the at least one supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) unit is configured to monitor AC, DC parameters like voltage and current of strings for solar sites in real time, to predict faults to prevent future outages and to increase plant generation and productivity wherein SMB data of solar sites are communicated to the SCADA without any data loss, noise, and interference.
  • SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
  • the present invention discloses a smart SMB and method for String Monitoring Box (SMB) communication with supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) in photovoltaic system.
  • the device is configured to enable a wireless SMB communication along with a wired SMB communication for ensuring reliable communication, wherein the at least one smart SMB can be connected to an existing SMBs.
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a general block diagram of system 100 for SMB communication in photovoltaic system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the system 100 comprises at least one solar module 102, at least one user device 104, at least one smart SMB 106 and a communication network 108.
  • the at least one solar module 102 comprising at least one solar cell string that provides at least one string reading comprising at least one of a string voltage, and a string current.
  • the system 100 may comprise the at least one user device 104 as required by the users.
  • the at least one user device 104 may comprise one or more of wearable device, mobile phones, PDA, smartphones, smart band, smart watch, laptop, computer, etc.
  • the at least one user device 104 is configured with a user account, to display and view the individual string readings.
  • the at least one smart SMB 106 is configured to be connected to the existing SMBs for enabling the wireless SMB communication along with the wired SMB communication.
  • the communication network 108 of the at least one user device 104 may include wired and wireless communication, including but not limited to, GPS, GSM, LAN, Wi-fi compatibility, Bluetooth low energy as well as NFC.
  • the wireless communication may further comprise one or more of Bluetooth (registered trademark), ZigBee (registered trademark), a short-range wireless communication such as UWB, a medium-range wireless communication such as WiFi (registered trademark) or a long-range wireless communication such as 3G/4G or WiMAX (registered trademark), according to the usage environment.
  • FIG. 200 depicts/ illustrates a detailed block diagram 200 of smart SMB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the at least one smart SMB 106 comprises at least one SMB communication unit 202, at least one SMB processing unit 204, at least one memory unit 206, at least one Radio Frequency (RF) unit 208, at least one surge protection device (SPD) 210, and at least one supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) unit 212.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • SPD surge protection device
  • SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
  • the at least one SMB communication unit 202 is configured with topologies comprising at least one of point to point, star, and mesh among others, that can support up to 250 nodes of SMB communication and communication range up to 500 m to 11.5 km and clear line of sight up to 2000m in case of indoor environment wherein the wireless SMB communication is secured by an encryption standard comprising at least one of AES, DES, Two fish, and RSA among others.
  • the at least one SMB processing unit 204 may comprise one or more of microprocessors, circuits, and other hardware configured for processing.
  • the at least one SMB processing unit 204 is configured to execute instructions stored in at least one memory unit 206 as well as communicate with the at least one user device 104 via the communication network 108.
  • the at least one memory unit 206 of the at least one user device 104 comprises one or more volatile and non-volatile memory components which are capable of storing data and instructions to be executed.
  • the at least one Radio Frequency (RF) unit 208 configured to be highly insensitive to interference by use of narrow band input filter and not affected by WLAN.
  • the at least one RF unit 208 can operate in different wireless systems using at least one wireless transmitter 302 and at least one wireless receiver 304.
  • the at least one RF unit 208 work on wireless networks in different frequency bands.
  • the frequency band range comprising at least one of 2.4 GHz, 865 to 867 MHz, 433 MHz, 470 MHz, 780 MHz, 868 MHz, and 915 MHz among others with adjustable bandwidth comprising at least one of 0.3 kbps, 0.6 kbps, 1.0 kbps, 1.8 kbps, 3.1 kbps, and 5.5 kbps among others.
  • the transmission power range may vary from 20 dBm to 30 dBm.
  • the at least one surge protection device (SPD) (210) configured for built-in surge protection for an omni-directional antenna, to provide protection against the direct and the indirect electrical surges, spikes and lightning.
  • the at least one supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) unit 212 configured to monitor AC, DC parameters like voltage and current of strings for solar sites in real time, to predict at least one fault to prevent future outages and to increase plant generation and productivity wherein SMB data of solar sites are communicated to the at least one SCADA unit 212 without any data loss, noise, and interference.
  • SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
  • FIG. 300 depicts/ illustrates a system architecture 300 of SMB communication in photovoltaic system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the system architecture of SMB communication in photovoltaic system depicts the positional view of components of the system 100 for SMB communication in photovoltaic system.
  • the system architecture 300 comprises the at least one solar module 102, the at least one wireless transmitter unit 302, the at least one wireless receiver unit 304, the at least one smart SMB 106 and the at least one supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) unit 212.
  • SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
  • FIG. 400 depicts/ illustrates a pictorial representation of wireless transmitter 400 used in the system architecture for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the wireless transmitter unit 400 transmits at least one SMB data wirelessly.
  • the wireless transmitter 302 comprises the omni-directional antenna 402, and a junction box 404.
  • the omni-directional antenna 402 transmits signal equally in all directions wherein the transmission length may range up to 1200m.
  • the junction box 404 combines the multiple DC input coming from the solar module 102 and converts these into one DC output.
  • FIG. 500 depicts/ illustrates a pictorial representation of wireless receiver 500 used in the system architecture for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the wireless receiver unit 500 receives the at least one SMB data wirelessly transmitted by the wireless transmitter unit 400.
  • the wireless receiver 304 comprises an omni-directional antenna 502, a wireless receiver module 504, an earthing point 506 and a two wire RS485 input to at least one SCADA unit 508.
  • the omni-directional antenna 502 at the receiving end receives the at least one SMB data.
  • the wireless receiver module 504 receives the at least one SMB data from the omni-directional antenna 502 at the receiving end.
  • the earthing point 508 provides safety by connecting to the Earth's conductive surface.
  • the two wire RS485 input to SCADA unit 508 provides the at least one SMB data to the SCADA unit 212.
  • junction box 600 for smart SMB for SMB communication depicts/ illustrates a junction box 600 for smart SMB for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the junction box 600 comprises a connection unit to antenna 602, an input supply from old existing SMB 604, an Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) unit 606, a power supply unit 608, the at least one smart SMB 106, an output supply unit 610, and a two wire RS485 output 612.
  • SMPS Switched Mode Power Supply
  • connection unit to antenna 602 provides connection to antenna for enabling wireless communication.
  • the input supply from old existing SMB 604 supplies 230V AC supply to the SMPS unit 606.
  • the SMPS unit 606 converts 230V AC from the input supply from old existing SMB 604 to 24V DC.
  • the output supply unit 608 provides 24V DC output supply from SMPS unit 606.
  • the power supply unit 610 is configured to supply 24V DC power from the output supply unit 608 to the at least one smart SMB 106.
  • the at least one smart SMB 106 is configured to receive power from the power supply unit 610.
  • the two wire RS485 output 612 from the last SMB in wired connection which is connected to SPD is given to the at least one smart SMB 106.
  • FIG. 700 depicts/ illustrates a pictorial representation 700 of smart SMB in the SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the pictorial representation of smart SMB in the SMB communication system shows the coexistence of existing wired RS 485 SMB and the at least one smart SMB 106.
  • FIG. 800 depicts/ illustrates a schematic diagram 800 of retrofitting of smart SMB in existing SMB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the present invention segregate the different SMB loops, and convert one type SMB loop to wireless. Simultaneously, only 1 SMB in entire loop or chain of same type SMB is converted to the at least one smart SMB 106. This backward compatible feature leads to higher cost saving in the operation and maintenance. Further, the smart SMB coexists and operates with earlier wired SMBs and wireless SMBs of different OEM.
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a circuit diagram for smart SMB 900, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the smart SMB 106 comprises at least one configuration port 902, a two wire RS485 input unit 904, the at least one RF unit 208, a microcontroller 906, and a power supply unit 910.
  • the at least one configuration port 902 may be an S-port.
  • the two wire RS485 input 904 from existing SMB is given to the at least one smart SMB 106.
  • the at least one RF unit 208 is connected to the antenna 906.
  • the microcontroller 906 controls the functionality of the system 100.
  • the power supply unit 910 is configured to supply 24V DC power to the at least one smart SMB 106.
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a graphical representation of SMB communication success rate in OCL, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the graphical representation of SMB communication success rate in OCL shows 100% success.
  • the graphical representation of SMB communication success rate in OCL shows 95% success.
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a method of assembling SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the method 1100 begins with providing the at least one string reading of the at least one solar cell string connected in at least one solar module, as depicted at step 1102. Thereafter, the method 1100 discloses establishing the wireless SMB communication along with the wired SMB communication by connecting at least one smart SMB to an existing SMB, as depicted at step 1104. Subsequently, the method 1100 discloses operating in the different wireless systems using the wireless transmitter and the wireless receiver by connecting at least one RF unit to the at least one smart SMB, as depicted at step 1106.
  • the method 1100 discloses monitoring the at least one string reading of the at least one solar cell string, to predict the at least one fault in order to prevent future outages and to increase plant generation and productivity by connecting a SCADA unit to the at least one smart SMB, as depicted at step 1108.
  • the at least one string reading of the at least one solar cell string may comprise at least one of visible, and audio readings among others.
  • the method 1200 begins with determining whether at least one string reading is visible on a SMB screen in a SCADA unit, as depicted at step 1202. Subsequently, the method 1200 discloses determining whether at least one component of a SMB system is in working condition, as depicted at step 1204. Thereafter, the method 1200 discloses resolving at least one SMB communication issue in case of a non-working condition of the at least one component of the SMB system, as depicted at step 1206. Subsequently, the method 1200 discloses connecting the at least one smart SMB in case of interference or impedance mismatch, as depicted at step 1208.
  • determining whether the at least one component of a SMB system is in working condition comprising at least one of checking whether SCADA HMI is working in case SMB readings are visible on the SCADA unit, checking whether power supply is OFF, checking whether the communication supply cable is cut, and checking whether the SMB cards are working.
  • resolving at least one SMB communication issue in case of a non-working condition of the at least one component of the SMB system comprising at least one of restoring the SCADA HMI in case the SCADA HMI is not working, switching ON the supply in case SMB power supply is OFF, laying new cable and restoring communication/ supply cable in case communication supply cable is cut, repairing SMB cards in case SMB cards are not working, and lay new supply cable away from RS485 cable, in case of interference or impedance mismatch among others.
  • FIG. 1 depicts/ illustrates a method for implementing SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method 1300 begins with determining whether interference or impedance mismatch is present in the existing wired SMB communication by using a SCADA unit, as depicted at step 1302. Subsequently, the method 1300 discloses determining whether the at least one string reading is visible on the SMB screen in a SCADA unit, as depicted at step 1304.
  • the method 1300 discloses installing the at least one smart SMB in an existing SMB, as depicted at step 1306. Subsequently, the method 1300 discloses selecting the desired frequency range for the SMB communication by using at least one user device, as depicted at step 1308. Thereafter, the method 1300 discloses configuring the desired baud rate and the bandwidth for the SMB communication by using at least one user device, as depicted at step 1310. Subsequently, the method 1300 discloses establishing the wireless SMB communication along with the wired SMB communication, as depicted at step 1312.
  • the advantages of the current invention include monitoring of alternative current/direct current (AC/DC) side parameters like voltage and current of strings for solar sites in real-time.
  • AC/DC alternative current/direct current
  • An additional advantage is that the prediction of faults and issues to avoid outages in the future. Furthermore, the present invention increases plant generation and productivity.
  • Applications of the current invention include monitoring of solar sites in real-time.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a smart SMB (106) and method (1200) for SMB communication with SCADA in photovoltaic system. The system (100) comprises at least one solar module (102), at least one user device (104), at least one smart SMB (106) and a communication network (108). The at least one smart SMB (106) is configured to enable a wireless SMB communication along with a wired SMB communication for ensuring reliable communication, wherein the at least one smart SMB (106) can be connected to an existing SMBs. The at least one smart SMB (106) comprises at least one SMB communication unit (202), at least one SMB processing unit (204), at least one memory unit (206), at least one RF unit (208), at least one surge protection device (210), and at least one SCADA unit (212).

Description

A smart SMB and a method for SMB communication in photovoltaic system
The field of invention generally relates to for String Monitoring Box (SMB) communication in photovoltaic system. More specifically, it relates to a system and method for Radio Frequency (RF) based wireless SMB communication with supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) in photovoltaic system.
Photovoltaic system is one of the fastest growing markets around the world. With mass implementation of photovoltaic system, there arises a need to find more and more ways to keep the systems working at the optimal performance. One of the critical ways to monitor the solar PV panels and identify the faulty component in photovoltaic system in the shortest time possible is string monitoring.
Typically, string monitoring is a method where all the strings of solar PV panels are monitored to track the output and performance of each unit along with the overall output and performance of the entire system.
Currently, existing systems use wired RS 485 communication in SMB (String monitoring box). The wired RS 485 communication in SMB has several issues like signal interference due to power cable and impedance mismatch due to different version of controller coexistence in same loop.
Additionally, when two different brand of SMB controller communicate to same data logger, impedance mismatch arises in RS 485 Modbus communication. Similarly when signal cable (communication/ RS485 cable) is physically laid with or near to supply cable (230 V AC) or String cable (1000 V DC to 1500 V DC), it will results in signal interference on RS 485 Modbus communication.
Currently, existing systems do not succeed in avoiding signal interference and impedance mismatch in an efficient manner.
Other existing systems have tried to address this problem. However, their scope was limited to laying separate communication cable in different route to power cable, which is a costly solution.
Thus, in light of the above discussion, it is implied that there is need for a device and method for SMB communication in photovoltaic system, which is reliable and does not suffer from the problems discussed above.
Object of Invention
The principal object of this invention is to provide a system and method for Radio Frequency (RF) based wireless SMB communication with supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) in photovoltaic system.
A further object of the invention is to provide a smart SMB that is configured to enable wireless SMB communication along with the wired RS485 communication for ensuring reliable communication.
Another object of the invention is to provide the smart SMB that can be quickly fitted/ connected to existing SMBs.
A further object of the invention is to provide a wireless SMB communication unit configured with topologies comprising at least one of point to point, star, and mesh.
Another object of the invention is to provide the wireless SMB communication unit that is securely encrypted.
A further object of the invention is to provide a narrow-band RF unit that is configured to be highly insensitive to interference by use of narrow band input filter and not affected by WLAN.
Another object of the invention is to provide the RF unit that can operate in different wireless systems simultaneously using a wireless transmitter and receiver unit.
A further object of the invention is to provide a surge protection device (SPD) unit that is configured for built-in surge protection for the omni-directional antenna, to provide protection against direct and indirect electrical surges, spikes and lightning.
Another object of the invention is to provide a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) server unit configured to monitor AC, DC parameters like voltage and current of strings for solar sites in real time, to predict faults to prevent future outages and to increase plant generation and productivity.
A further object of the invention is to provide communication of SMB data of solar sites to the SCADA server without any data loss, noise, and interference.
Another object of the invention is to provide a user device configured with a user account, to display and view the individual string readings.
This invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, throughout which, like reference letters indicate corresponding parts in the various figures.
The embodiments herein will be better understood from the following description with reference to the drawings, in which:
Fig. 1
depicts/ illustrates a general block diagram of system for SMB communication in photovoltaic system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 2
depicts/ illustrates a detailed block diagram of smart SMB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 3
depicts/ illustrates a system architecture of SMB communication in photovoltaic system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 4
depicts/ illustrates a wireless transmitter used in the system architecture for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 5
depicts/ illustrates a wireless receiver used in the system architecture for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 6
depicts/ illustrates a junction box for smart SMB for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 7
depicts/ illustrates a pictorial representation of smart SMB in the SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 8
depicts/ illustrates a schematic diagram of retrofitting of smart SMB in existing SMB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 9
depicts/ illustrates a circuit diagram for smart SMB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 10A
depicts/ illustrates a graphical representation of SMB communication success rate in OCL, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 10B
depicts/ illustrates a graphical representation of SMB communication success rate in Jindal, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 11
depicts/ illustrates a method of assembling SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 12
depicts/ illustrates a method to troubleshoot SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
Fig. 13
depicts/ illustrates a method for implementing SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Statement of Invention
The present invention discloses a smart SMB and method for SMB communication with SCADA in photovoltaic system. The system comprises at least one solar module, at least one user device, at least one smart SMB and a communication network.
The at least one smart SMB is configured to enable a wireless SMB communication along with a wired SMB communication for ensuring reliable communication, wherein the at least one smart SMB can be connected to an existing SMBs. The at least one smart SMB comprises at least one SMB communication unit, at least one SMB processing unit, at least one memory unit, at least one Radio Frequency (RF) unit, at least one surge protection device (SPD), and at least one supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) unit.
The at least one SMB communication unit is configured with topologies comprising at least one of point to point, star, and mesh among others, that can support up to 250 nodes of SMB communication and a communication range up to 500 m to 11.5 km and clear line of sight of up to 2000m in case of indoor environment. The at least one Radio Frequency (RF) unit is configured to be highly insensitive to interference by use of a narrow band input filter and not affected by WLAN. The at least one surge protection device (SPD) is configured for built-in surge protection for the omni-directional antenna, to provide protection against a direct and an indirect electrical surges, spikes, and lightning.
The at least one supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) unit is configured to monitor AC, DC parameters like voltage and current of strings for solar sites in real time, to predict faults to prevent future outages and to increase plant generation and productivity wherein SMB data of solar sites are communicated to the SCADA without any data loss, noise, and interference.
The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and/or detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
The present invention discloses a smart SMB and method for String Monitoring Box (SMB) communication with supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) in photovoltaic system. The device is configured to enable a wireless SMB communication along with a wired SMB communication for ensuring reliable communication, wherein the at least one smart SMB can be connected to an existing SMBs.
depicts/ illustrates a general block diagram of system 100 for SMB communication in photovoltaic system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The system 100 comprises at least one solar module 102, at least one user device 104, at least one smart SMB 106 and a communication network 108.
In an embodiment, the at least one solar module 102 comprising at least one solar cell string that provides at least one string reading comprising at least one of a string voltage, and a string current.
In an embodiment, the system 100 may comprise the at least one user device 104 as required by the users. The at least one user device 104 may comprise one or more of wearable device, mobile phones, PDA, smartphones, smart band, smart watch, laptop, computer, etc. The at least one user device 104 is configured with a user account, to display and view the individual string readings.
In an embodiment, the at least one smart SMB 106 is configured to be connected to the existing SMBs for enabling the wireless SMB communication along with the wired SMB communication.
In an embodiment, the communication network 108 of the at least one user device 104 may include wired and wireless communication, including but not limited to, GPS, GSM, LAN, Wi-fi compatibility, Bluetooth low energy as well as NFC. The wireless communication may further comprise one or more of Bluetooth (registered trademark), ZigBee (registered trademark), a short-range wireless communication such as UWB, a medium-range wireless communication such as WiFi (registered trademark) or a long-range wireless communication such as 3G/4G or WiMAX (registered trademark), according to the usage environment.
depicts/ illustrates a detailed block diagram 200 of smart SMB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
In an embodiment, the at least one smart SMB 106 comprises at least one SMB communication unit 202, at least one SMB processing unit 204, at least one memory unit 206, at least one Radio Frequency (RF) unit 208, at least one surge protection device (SPD) 210, and at least one supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) unit 212.
In an embodiment, the at least one SMB communication unit 202 is configured with topologies comprising at least one of point to point, star, and mesh among others, that can support up to 250 nodes of SMB communication and communication range up to 500 m to 11.5 km and clear line of sight up to 2000m in case of indoor environment wherein the wireless SMB communication is secured by an encryption standard comprising at least one of AES, DES, Two fish, and RSA among others.
In an embodiment, the at least one SMB processing unit 204 may comprise one or more of microprocessors, circuits, and other hardware configured for processing. The at least one SMB processing unit 204 is configured to execute instructions stored in at least one memory unit 206 as well as communicate with the at least one user device 104 via the communication network 108.
In an embodiment, the at least one memory unit 206 of the at least one user device 104 comprises one or more volatile and non-volatile memory components which are capable of storing data and instructions to be executed.
In an embodiment, the at least one Radio Frequency (RF) unit 208 configured to be highly insensitive to interference by use of narrow band input filter and not affected by WLAN.
In an embodiment, the at least one RF unit 208 can operate in different wireless systems using at least one wireless transmitter 302 and at least one wireless receiver 304.
In an embodiment, the at least one RF unit 208 work on wireless networks in different frequency bands. The frequency band range comprising at least one of 2.4 GHz, 865 to 867 MHz, 433 MHz, 470 MHz, 780 MHz, 868 MHz, and 915 MHz among others with adjustable bandwidth comprising at least one of 0.3 kbps, 0.6 kbps, 1.0 kbps, 1.8 kbps, 3.1 kbps, and 5.5 kbps among others. The transmission power range may vary from 20 dBm to 30 dBm.
In an embodiment, the at least one surge protection device (SPD) (210) configured for built-in surge protection for an omni-directional antenna, to provide protection against the direct and the indirect electrical surges, spikes and lightning.
In an embodiment, the at least one supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) unit 212 configured to monitor AC, DC parameters like voltage and current of strings for solar sites in real time, to predict at least one fault to prevent future outages and to increase plant generation and productivity wherein SMB data of solar sites are communicated to the at least one SCADA unit 212 without any data loss, noise, and interference.
depicts/ illustrates a system architecture 300 of SMB communication in photovoltaic system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
In an embodiment, the system architecture of SMB communication in photovoltaic system depicts the positional view of components of the system 100 for SMB communication in photovoltaic system. The system architecture 300 comprises the at least one solar module 102, the at least one wireless transmitter unit 302, the at least one wireless receiver unit 304, the at least one smart SMB 106 and the at least one supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) unit 212.
depicts/ illustrates a pictorial representation of wireless transmitter 400 used in the system architecture for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
In an embodiment, the wireless transmitter unit 400 transmits at least one SMB data wirelessly. The wireless transmitter 302 comprises the omni-directional antenna 402, and a junction box 404.
In an embodiment, the omni-directional antenna 402 transmits signal equally in all directions wherein the transmission length may range up to 1200m.
In an embodiment, the junction box 404 combines the multiple DC input coming from the solar module 102 and converts these into one DC output.
depicts/ illustrates a pictorial representation of wireless receiver 500 used in the system architecture for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
In an embodiment, the wireless receiver unit 500 receives the at least one SMB data wirelessly transmitted by the wireless transmitter unit 400. The wireless receiver 304 comprises an omni-directional antenna 502, a wireless receiver module 504, an earthing point 506 and a two wire RS485 input to at least one SCADA unit 508.
In an embodiment, the omni-directional antenna 502 at the receiving end receives the at least one SMB data.
In an embodiment, the wireless receiver module 504 receives the at least one SMB data from the omni-directional antenna 502 at the receiving end.
In an embodiment, the earthing point 508 provides safety by connecting to the Earth's conductive surface.
In an embodiment, the two wire RS485 input to SCADA unit 508 provides the at least one SMB data to the SCADA unit 212.
depicts/ illustrates a junction box 600 for smart SMB for SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
In an embodiment, the junction box 600 comprises a connection unit to antenna 602, an input supply from old existing SMB 604, an Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) unit 606, a power supply unit 608, the at least one smart SMB 106, an output supply unit 610, and a two wire RS485 output 612.
In an embodiment, the connection unit to antenna 602 provides connection to antenna for enabling wireless communication.
In an embodiment, the input supply from old existing SMB 604 supplies 230V AC supply to the SMPS unit 606.
In an embodiment, the SMPS unit 606 converts 230V AC from the input supply from old existing SMB 604 to 24V DC.
In an embodiment, the output supply unit 608 provides 24V DC output supply from SMPS unit 606.
In an embodiment, the power supply unit 610 is configured to supply 24V DC power from the output supply unit 608 to the at least one smart SMB 106.
In an embodiment, the at least one smart SMB 106 is configured to receive power from the power supply unit 610.
In an embodiment, the two wire RS485 output 612 from the last SMB in wired connection which is connected to SPD is given to the at least one smart SMB 106.
depicts/ illustrates a pictorial representation 700 of smart SMB in the SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
In an embodiment, the pictorial representation of smart SMB in the SMB communication system shows the coexistence of existing wired RS 485 SMB and the at least one smart SMB 106.
depicts/ illustrates a schematic diagram 800 of retrofitting of smart SMB in existing SMB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
In an embodiment, in order to address the impedance mismatch issue due to the use of different SMB type, the present invention segregate the different SMB loops, and convert one type SMB loop to wireless. Simultaneously, only 1 SMB in entire loop or chain of same type SMB is converted to the at least one smart SMB 106. This backward compatible feature leads to higher cost saving in the operation and maintenance. Further, the smart SMB coexists and operates with earlier wired SMBs and wireless SMBs of different OEM.
depicts/ illustrates a circuit diagram for smart SMB 900, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
In an embodiment, the smart SMB 106 comprises at least one configuration port 902, a two wire RS485 input unit 904, the at least one RF unit 208, a microcontroller 906, and a power supply unit 910.
In an embodiment, the at least one configuration port 902 may be an S-port.
In an embodiment, the two wire RS485 input 904 from existing SMB is given to the at least one smart SMB 106.
In an embodiment, the at least one RF unit 208 is connected to the antenna 906.
In an embodiment, the microcontroller 906 controls the functionality of the system 100.
In an embodiment, the power supply unit 910 is configured to supply 24V DC power to the at least one smart SMB 106.
depicts/ illustrates a graphical representation of SMB communication success rate in OCL, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
In an embodiment, the graphical representation of SMB communication success rate in OCL shows 100% success.
depicts/ illustrates a graphical representation of SMB communication success rate in Jindal, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
In an embodiment, the graphical representation of SMB communication success rate in OCL shows 95% success.
depicts/ illustrates a method of assembling SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
The method 1100 begins with providing the at least one string reading of the at least one solar cell string connected in at least one solar module, as depicted at step 1102. Thereafter, the method 1100 discloses establishing the wireless SMB communication along with the wired SMB communication by connecting at least one smart SMB to an existing SMB, as depicted at step 1104. Subsequently, the method 1100 discloses operating in the different wireless systems using the wireless transmitter and the wireless receiver by connecting at least one RF unit to the at least one smart SMB, as depicted at step 1106. Thereafter, the method 1100 discloses monitoring the at least one string reading of the at least one solar cell string, to predict the at least one fault in order to prevent future outages and to increase plant generation and productivity by connecting a SCADA unit to the at least one smart SMB, as depicted at step 1108.
In an embodiment, the at least one string reading of the at least one solar cell string may comprise at least one of visible, and audio readings among others.
depicts/ illustrates a method to troubleshoot SMB communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
The method 1200 begins with determining whether at least one string reading is visible on a SMB screen in a SCADA unit, as depicted at step 1202. Subsequently, the method 1200 discloses determining whether at least one component of a SMB system is in working condition, as depicted at step 1204. Thereafter, the method 1200 discloses resolving at least one SMB communication issue in case of a non-working condition of the at least one component of the SMB system, as depicted at step 1206. Subsequently, the method 1200 discloses connecting the at least one smart SMB in case of interference or impedance mismatch, as depicted at step 1208.
In an embodiment, determining whether the at least one component of a SMB system is in working condition comprising at least one of checking whether SCADA HMI is working in case SMB readings are visible on the SCADA unit, checking whether power supply is OFF, checking whether the communication supply cable is cut, and checking whether the SMB cards are working.
In an embodiment, resolving at least one SMB communication issue in case of a non-working condition of the at least one component of the SMB system comprising at least one of restoring the SCADA HMI in case the SCADA HMI is not working, switching ON the supply in case SMB power supply is OFF, laying new cable and restoring communication/ supply cable in case communication supply cable is cut, repairing SMB cards in case SMB cards are not working, and lay new supply cable away from RS485 cable, in case of interference or impedance mismatch among others.
depicts/ illustrates a method for implementing SMB communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The method 1300 begins with determining whether interference or impedance mismatch is present in the existing wired SMB communication by using a SCADA unit, as depicted at step 1302. Subsequently, the method 1300 discloses determining whether the at least one string reading is visible on the SMB screen in a SCADA unit, as depicted at step 1304.
Thereafter, the method 1300 discloses installing the at least one smart SMB in an existing SMB, as depicted at step 1306. Subsequently, the method 1300 discloses selecting the desired frequency range for the SMB communication by using at least one user device, as depicted at step 1308. Thereafter, the method 1300 discloses configuring the desired baud rate and the bandwidth for the SMB communication by using at least one user device, as depicted at step 1310. Subsequently, the method 1300 discloses establishing the wireless SMB communication along with the wired SMB communication, as depicted at step 1312.
The advantages of the current invention include monitoring of alternative current/direct current (AC/DC) side parameters like voltage and current of strings for solar sites in real-time.
An additional advantage is that the prediction of faults and issues to avoid outages in the future. Furthermore, the present invention increases plant generation and productivity.
Applications of the current invention include monitoring of solar sites in real-time.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the scope of the embodiments as described here.

Claims (17)

  1. A smart SMB (106) comprising:
    at least one SMB communication unit (202) configured to establish a SMB communication of solar sites;
    at least one RF unit (208) configured to operate in different wireless systems using a wireless transmitter (400) and a receiver (500); and
    at least one SCADA unit (212) configured to monitor at least one string reading of at least one solar cell string, to predict faults in order to prevent future outages and to increase plant generation and productivity.
  2. The smart SMB (106) as claimed in claim 1, comprising at least one surge protection device (SPD) (210) configured for built-in surge protection for the wireless transmitter (400) and the receiver (500), to provide protection against a direct and an indirect electrical surges, spikes, and lightning.
  3. The smart SMB (106) as claimed in claim 1, comprising the at least one SMB communication unit (202) configured with a topology comprising at least one of point to point, star, and mesh wherein the said topology support up to 250 nodes of the SMB communication, that provide a communication range up to 500 m to 11.5 km and a clear line of sight of up to 2000m in case of indoor environment.
  4. The smart SMB (106) as claimed in claim 1, comprising the wireless SMB communication is secured by an encryption standard comprising at least one of AES, DES, Two fish, and RSA.
  5. The smart SMB (106) as claimed in claim 1, comprising the at least one RF unit (208) configured to be highly insensitive to interference by use of a narrow band input filter and are not affected by a WLAN.
  6. The smart SMB (106) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one RF unit (208) is configured to:
    enable a communication on a wireless network in a frequency band range comprising at least one of 2.4 GHz, 865 to 867 MHz, 433 MHz, 470 MHz, 780 MHz, 868 MHz, and 915 MHz with adjustable bandwidth comprising at least one of 0.3 kbps, 0.6 kbps, 1.0 kbps, 1.8 kbps, 3.1 kbps, and 5.5 kbps; and
    transmit power in range of 20 dBm to 30 dBm.
  7. A system (100) for a string monitoring box (SMB) communication, comprising:
    at least one solar module (102) comprising at least one solar cell string that provides at least one string reading;
    at least one user device (104) configured with a user account, to display and view the at least one string reading; and
    at least one smart SMB (106) configured to enable a wireless SMB communication along with a wired SMB communication in the system (100), by connecting to an existing SMBs.
  8. A method (1100) for assembling a SMB communication system comprising:
    providing at least one string reading of at least one solar cell string;
    establishing a wireless SMB communication along with a wired SMB communication;
    operating in a different wireless systems using a wireless transmitter (400) and a wireless receiver (500); and
    monitoring the at least one string reading of the at least one solar cell string, to predict at least one fault in order to prevent future outages and to increase plant generation and productivity.
  9. A method (1100) as claimed in claim 8, comprising:
    providing the at least one string reading of the at least one solar cell string connected in at least one solar module (102);
    establishing the wireless SMB communication along with the wired SMB communication by connecting at least one smart SMB (106) to an existing SMB;
    operating in the different wireless systems using the wireless transmitter (400) and the wireless receiver (500) by connecting at least one RF unit (208) to the at least one smart SMB; and
    monitoring the at least one string reading of the at least one solar cell string, to predict the at least one fault in order to prevent future outages and to increase plant generation and productivity by connecting a SCADA unit (212) to the at least one smart SMB (106).
  10. The method (1100) as claimed in claim 8, comprising configuring at least one surge protection device (SPD) (210) comprised in the at least one smart SMB (106) for a built-in surge protection for the wireless transmitter (400) and the wireless receiver (500), to provide protection against a direct and an indirect electrical surges, spikes, and lightning.
  11. The method (1100) as claimed in claim 8, comprising configuring at least one SMB communication unit (202) comprised in the at least one smart SMB (106) with a topology comprising at least one of point to point, star, and mesh wherein the said topology support up to 250 nodes of the SMB communication that provide a communication range up to 500 m to 11.5 km and a clear line of sight of up to 2000m in case of indoor environment.
  12. The method (1100) as claimed in claim 8, comprising securing the wireless SMB communication by an encryption standard comprising at least one of AES, DES, Two fish, and RSA.
  13. The method (1100) as claimed in claim 8, comprising configuring the at least one RF unit (208) comprised in the at least one smart SMB (106) to be highly insensitive to interference by use of a narrow band input filter and are not affected by a WLAN.
  14. The method (1100) as claimed in claim 13, comprising configuring the at least one RF unit (208) for:
    enabling a communication on a wireless network in a frequency band range comprising at least one of 2.4 GHz, 865 to 867 MHz, 433 MHz, 470 MHz, 780 MHz, 868 MHz, and 915 MHz with adjustable bandwidth comprising at least one of 0.3 kbps, 0.6 kbps, 1.0 kbps, 1.8 kbps, 3.1 kbps, and 5.5 kbps; and
    transmitting power in range of 20 dBm to 30 dBm.
  15. A method (1200) for troubleshooting a SMB communication issue, comprising:
    determining whether at least one string reading is visible on a SMB screen in a SCADA unit (212);
    determining whether at least one component of a SMB system (100) is in working condition;
    resolving at least one SMB communication issue in case of a non-working condition of the at least one component of the SMB system (100); and
    connecting the at least one smart SMB (106) in case of interference or impedance mismatch.
  16. A method (1300) for implementing a SMB communication, comprising:
    determining whether interference or impedance mismatch is present in an existing wired SMB communication;
    determining whether at least one string reading is visible on the SMB screen;
    installing at least one smart SMB (106);
    selecting a desired frequency range for the SMB communication;
    configuring a desired baud rate and a bandwidth for the SMB communication; and
    establishing a wireless SMB communication along with the existing wired SMB communication.
  17. The method (1300) as claimed in claim 16, comprising :
    determining whether interference or impedance mismatch is present in the existing wired SMB communication by using a SCADA unit (212);
    determining whether the at least one string reading is visible on the SMB screen in a SCADA unit (212);
    installing the at least one smart SMB (106) in an existing SMB;
    selecting the desired frequency range for the SMB communication by using at least one user device (104);
    configuring the desired baud rate and the bandwidth for the SMB communication by using at least one user device (104); and
    establishing the wireless SMB communication along with the wired SMB communication.
PCT/IN2023/051006 2022-11-06 2023-11-02 A smart smb and a method for smb communication in photovoltaic system WO2024095288A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120316802A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2012-12-13 Solar Sentry Corp., Inc. System and method for monitoring photovoltaic power generation systems
JP2015162520A (en) * 2014-02-26 2015-09-07 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Display device, portable terminal and connection display method
US20180267109A1 (en) * 2017-03-15 2018-09-20 Smart Charging Technologies, Llc Distributed cloud based battery monitoring system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120316802A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2012-12-13 Solar Sentry Corp., Inc. System and method for monitoring photovoltaic power generation systems
JP2015162520A (en) * 2014-02-26 2015-09-07 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Display device, portable terminal and connection display method
US20180267109A1 (en) * 2017-03-15 2018-09-20 Smart Charging Technologies, Llc Distributed cloud based battery monitoring system

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