WO2024032238A1 - Optical splitting apparatus, chip, odn, and pon system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application provides an optical splitting apparatus, a chip, an ODN, and a PON system, which are used for achieving a plurality of optical splitting ratios via the same optical splitter, can be applied to scenarios having various optical splitting ratio requirements, and are broadly applicable. The optical splitter comprises: a plurality of light inlets, a first optical splitting unit and a second optical splitting unit, the first optical splitting unit comprising a plurality of optical splitters connected in parallel, and the plurality of light inlets being respectively connected to the input ends of the plurality of optical splitters in the first optical splitting unit; a first optical splitter and a second optical splitter included in the plurality of optical splitters, the first optical splitter and the second optical splitter having different optical splitting ratios; a first output end of the first optical splitter being connected to a first input end of the second optical splitting unit, at least one output end of the second optical splitter being connected to a second input end of the second optical splitting unit, and the second optical splitting unit being used for splitting and then outputting optical signals from the first input end and the second input end.

Description

A spectroscopic device, chip, ODN and PON system

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the State Intellectual Property Office of China on August 11, 2022, with the application number 202210961944.X and the application title "A spectroscopic device, chip, ODN and PON system", all of which The contents are incorporated into this application by reference.

Technical field

This application relates to the field of optical communications, and in particular to an optical splitting device, a chip, an ODN and a PON system.

Background technique

In optical communication scenarios, commonly used communication networks use primary or secondary optical splitting networks, which occupy more optical cable resources and are suitable for deployment in densely populated neighborhoods and high-rise buildings. For some areas with sparse population distribution, such as villas, villages and other scenes, the number of end users connected to each optical line terminal (Optical Line Terminal, OLT) varies greatly, and the distance between different end users and the optical line terminal is also different. Spectroscopic devices that divide the optical signal unevenly can be used in cascade. Selecting optical splitting devices with different splitting ratios according to the distance from the central office equipment can greatly save investment in optical cable resources between different optical splitting devices.

However, in order to achieve specific light splitting requirements, a variety of different types of light splitting devices need to be used in ODN. During the network construction process, different types of optical splitting devices will greatly increase the cost of network construction.

Contents of the invention

This application provides a spectroscopic device that is used to achieve multiple splitting ratios using the same device. It can be applied in scenarios with different splitting ratio requirements and has strong generalization capabilities.

In a first aspect, this application provides a spectroscopic device, including: a plurality of light entrances and at least two spectroscopic units. Taking the first spectroscopic unit and the second spectroscopic unit as an example, the first spectroscopic unit includes a plurality of parallel spectrometers. , the plurality of light entrances are respectively connected to the input ends of the plurality of optical splitters in the first optical splitting unit;

Taking the first optical splitter and the second optical splitter included in the plurality of optical splitters as an example, the first optical splitter and the second optical splitter have different splitting ratios;

The first output end of the first optical splitter is connected to the first input end of the second optical splitter unit, and at least one output end of the second optical splitter is connected to the second input end of the second optical splitter unit. The second optical splitter unit is used to analyze the input signal from the second optical splitter unit. The optical signals at the first input end and the second input end are split and then output.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, at least two optical splitters with different splitting ratios are provided in the first splitting unit, that is, the same splitting device can achieve different splitting ratios. In the same optical communication network, even for different splitting ratio requirements , can also be implemented using the same optical splitting device provided by this application. There is no need to replace the optical splitting device, which can reduce link management costs and network construction costs. Moreover, in the spectroscopic device provided by this application, the components in the second spectroscopic unit and its subsequent spectroscopic units can be reused under different splitting ratio scenarios, thereby improving the utilization of each component.

Optionally, the light splitting device provided by this application may also include multiple light outlets, and the second output end of the first optical splitter is connected to one of the light outlets. Therefore, one of the outlets of the spectroscope in the first spectroscopic unit can be used as a straight-through output port, thereby realizing multiple splitting ratios of the spectroscopic device in the first spectroscopic unit.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, multiple output ends in the second light splitting unit are respectively connected to multiple light outlets. Therefore, the spectroscopic device provided by this application can be a two-layer structure spectroscopic device, and the output of the second spectroscopic unit can be used as the output of the spectroscopic device.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the spectroscopic device provided in this application may also include a third spectroscopic unit, the input end of the third spectroscopic unit is connected to the output end of the second spectroscopic unit, and a plurality of the third spectroscopic unit The output ends are respectively connected to a plurality of light outlets, and the third light splitting unit can be used to split the optical signal input by the second light splitting unit and then output it to the plurality of light outlets.

Therefore, the light splitting device provided by this application has a multi-layer structure, and the output end of the last layer is connected to the light outlet, and the split optical signal is output through the light outlet.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the second optical splitter may include an input waveguide. In the embodiment of the present application, a light splitting ratio of 100%:0% may be achieved through the waveguide.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the second optical splitter unit includes a third optical splitter, the third optical splitter has M input ports and M output ports, and the third optical splitter is used to pair the M input ports The optical signal input to any input port is split and output, M≥2, and M is a positive integer.

In the embodiment of the present application, a third optical splitter may be provided in the second optical splitter unit. The third optical splitter is an M*M optical splitter, that is, the third optical splitter has M input ports and output ports, M≥ 2, and M is a positive integer. The third optical splitter can be used to split the optical signal input from any input port. Therefore, in the second optical splitting unit, the third optical splitter can be used to split the light, and further the third optical splitter can be used to split the optical signal. The optical signal output from one port of an optical splitting unit is split and output.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the third optical splitter is an equal splitter, that is, the optical signal output from one port of the first splitter unit is divided into equal splitters and then output.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the light splitting ratio of the light splitter in the first light splitting unit includes at least one of the following: 90%:10%, 80%:20%, 70%:30%, 60% :40 or 50%:50, thereby achieving a variety of light splitting ratios.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the type of spectrometer in the spectroscopic device includes one or more of the following: Y-branch type, directional coupler type, multi-mode interferometer type, or multiple spectroscopic devices cascaded formed beam splitter.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the type of optical splitter can include multiple types or be formed by cascading multiple types of optical splitters, thereby having strong generalization ability and being suitable for a variety of scenarios.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the light outlet of the light splitting device can also be provided with an extension optical fiber, and the length of the light outlet of the light splitting device can be extended through the optical fiber to facilitate deployment of the light splitting device in an optical communication system.

In a second aspect, this application provides a light splitting device, including: multiple light entrances and at least two light splitting units. Taking the first light splitting unit and the second light splitting unit as an example, the first light splitting unit includes a plurality of unequal light splitting units connected in parallel. For the beam splitter, the plurality of light entrances are respectively connected to the input ends of the plurality of unequal beam splitters in the first spectroscopic unit.

Taking the first unequal ratio spectrometer and the second unequal ratio spectrometer included in the plurality of unequal ratio spectrometers as an example, the first unequal ratio spectrometer and the second unequal ratio spectrometer have different splitting ratios, And the light output power of the first output end of the first unequal ratio beam splitter is greater than the light output power of the second output end of the first unequal ratio beam splitter;

The second output end of the first unequal ratio beam splitter is connected to the first input end of the second beam splitting unit, and at least one output end of the second unequal beam beam splitter is connected to the second input end of the second beam splitting unit. The unit is used for splitting the optical signals from the first input terminal and the second input terminal and then outputting them.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, at least two optical splitters with different splitting ratios are provided in the first splitting unit, that is, the same splitting device can achieve different splitting ratios. In the same optical communication network, even for different splitting ratio requirements , can also be implemented using the same optical splitting device provided by this application. There is no need to replace the optical splitting device, which can reduce link management costs and network construction costs. Moreover, in the spectroscopic device provided by this application, the second spectroscopic unit and its subsequent splitting units can be used in scenarios with different splitting ratios. Devices in the optical unit can be reused, thereby improving the utilization of each device.

Optionally, the spectroscopic device provided by this application may also include a plurality of light outlets, and the first output end of the first unequal ratio beam splitter is connected to one of the light outlets. Therefore, one of the outlets of the spectroscope in the first spectroscopic unit can be used as a straight-through output port, thereby realizing multiple splitting ratios of the spectroscopic device in the first spectroscopic unit.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, multiple output ends in the second light splitting unit are respectively connected to multiple light outlets. Therefore, the spectroscopic device provided by this application can be a two-layer structure spectroscopic device, and the output of the second spectroscopic unit can be used as the output of the spectroscopic device.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the spectroscopic device provided in this application may also include a third spectroscopic unit, the input end of the third spectroscopic unit is connected to the output end of the second spectroscopic unit, and a plurality of the third spectroscopic unit The output ends are respectively connected to a plurality of light outlets, and the third light splitting unit can be used to split the optical signal input by the second light splitting unit and then output it to the plurality of light outlets.

Therefore, the light splitting device provided by this application has a multi-layer structure, and the output end of the last layer is connected to the light outlet, and the split optical signal is output through the light outlet.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the second unequal ratio beam splitter may include an input waveguide. In the embodiment of the present application, a 100%:0% beam splitting ratio can be achieved through the waveguide, thereby passing less Materials can be used to realize spectroscopic devices with various splitting ratios.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a chip, including: at least one spectroscopic device. The at least one spectroscopic device includes the spectroscopic device provided in the first aspect of the present application or any embodiment of the first aspect.

The chip may include a planar light guide (PLC) chip or a chip made of other materials, such as SiN, SOI, lithium niobate or polymer.

In a fourth aspect, this application provides an optical distribution network ODN, which includes: a plurality of optical splitting devices provided in the first aspect of this application or any embodiment of the first aspect, and the multiple optical splitting devices are connected through optical fibers.

In a fifth aspect, this application provides an optical distribution network ODN, including: at least one optical splitting device, and the at least one optical splitting device includes the chip provided in the second aspect of this application.

In a sixth aspect, the present application also provides a package module based on the foregoing spectroscopic device. The package module includes one or more spectroscopic devices as described in the foregoing first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, and a plurality of An input port and a plurality of output ports. The multiple input ports are connected to the input port of the spectroscopic device, or are obtained by encapsulating the input port of the spectroscopic device. The output port is connected to the output port of the spectroscopic device, or is obtained by packaging the spectroscopic device. The output port of the device is encapsulated.

Specifically, the package module may include multiple pairs of ports, each pair of ports has a corresponding splitting ratio, each pair of ports may include an input port and a pass-through output port, and the package module may also include multiple output ports.

In the seventh aspect, this application provides a passive optical network PON system, including: an optical line terminal OLT, an optical distribution network ODN, and at least one optical network unit ONU;

The output terminal of the OLT is connected to the input terminal of the ODN, and at least one ONU is connected to at least one output terminal of the ODN.

The ODN may include the ODN provided by the aforementioned third aspect or fourth aspect.

In the eighth aspect, the present application provides a storage medium. It should be noted that the technical solution of the present invention is essentially a part that contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be in the form of a software product. It is embodied that the computer software product is stored in a storage medium for storing computer software instructions used for the above-mentioned device, which includes the program designed for executing the above-mentioned seventh aspect.

The storage media includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (English abbreviation ROM, English full name: Read-Only Memory), random access memory (English abbreviation: RAM, English full name: Random Access Memory), Various media such as magnetic disks or optical disks that can store program code.

In a ninth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method described in the seventh aspect of the present application.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PON system provided by this application;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ODN provided by this application;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another PON system provided by this application;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic device provided by this application;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another spectroscopic device provided by this application;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another spectroscopic device provided by the present application;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another spectroscopic device provided by the present application;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectrometer provided by this application;

Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical splitter provided by this application;

Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical splitter provided by this application;

Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another spectroscopic device provided by this application;

Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another spectroscopic device provided by the present application;

Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another spectroscopic device provided by this application;

Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another spectroscopic device provided by the present application;

Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another spectroscopic device provided by this application;

Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical splitter provided by this application;

Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of another spectroscopic device provided by this application;

Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical splitter provided by this application;

Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of another PON system provided by this application;

Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of another spectroscopic device provided by this application;

Figure 21 is a schematic structural diagram of another spectroscopic device provided by this application.

Detailed ways

This application provides a spectroscopic device, a chip, an ODN, and a PON system. The embodiments provided by this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Optical splitting device (including optical splitter) is a device that divides one channel of light into multiple channels. It is mainly used in passive optical network (Passive Optical Network, PON) as a connection between optical cable terminal equipment (Optical Line Terminal, OLT) and optical network unit ( Optical Network Unit (ONU) passive components and optical splitting devices can distribute downlink data to the ONU and can also concentrate uplink data to the OLT. The optical splitting device provided by this application can be applied to a variety of node products in the optical distribution network (Optical Distribution Network, ODN), such as optical fiber distribution frame (Optical Distribution Frame, ODF), optical cable transfer box (Fiber Distribution Terminal, FDT) , Fiber Access Terminal (FAT), Fiber Access Terminal (FAT), Closure, etc. The spectroscopic device provided by this application can be directly deployed in the ODN through a lens, or can be integrated in a chip, and then the chip is applied to the ODN. The chip is such as a planer lightwave circuit (PLC) chip or Chips made of other materials, such as SiN, SOI, lithium niobate or polymers, can be adjusted according to actual application scenarios.

The architecture of the PON system provided by this application can be shown in Figure 1. Among them, the PON system can include OLT, ODN and and at least one ONU.

ODN may include at least one optical splitting device, and may also include optical fibers. Specifically, the optical fibers may include backbone fibers (feed fibers), distribution fibers (Distribute Fiber), and drop fibers (drop fibers). The backbone optical fiber is the optical fiber that connects the OLT and the ODN. The distribution optical fiber and the split optical fiber can also be called branch optical fibers. The branch optical fiber is the optical fiber connected between the optical splitting device and the connected ONU, and the distribution optical fiber is the optical fiber connected between the optical splitting devices in the ODN. Moreover, when the ODN includes only one optical splitting device, there is no distribution optical fiber.

The ONU is used to receive data sent by the OLT, respond to the OLT's management commands, cache the user's Ethernet data, and send it in the upstream direction in the sending window allocated by the OLT, etc. OLT is used to provide data for one or more connected ONUs, provide management, etc. The OLT can be used to send optical signals to at least one ONU, receive information fed back by the ONU, and process the information or other data fed back by the ONU.

In addition, the PON system can also establish connections with networks or equipment such as the public telephone switching network (PTSN), the Internet, or cable television (CATV).

PON can specifically include Gigabit passive optical network (Gigabit passive optical network, GPON), Ethernet passive optical network (ethernet passive optical network, EPON), 10G Gigabit passive optical network (10G Gigabit-capable passive optical network, XGPON ), 10G Ethernet passive optical network (10G ethernet passive optical network, 10G EPON), etc.

It should be understood that at least one ONU in Figure 1 of this application may include an optical network termination (ONT) or a multiplexer unit (MXU), etc., and the at least one ONU may also be replaced by at least one optical network terminal. Network termination (optical network termination, ONT), or at least one device connected to the ODN, may include both ONU and ONT.

In the PON system provided by this application, the ODN may include M levels of light splitting, M is a positive integer, and each level of light splitting in the M levels of light splitting may include at least one light splitting device. In the ODN shown in FIG. 1 of this application, only first-level light splitting and second-level light splitting are shown. In practical applications, more light splitting may be included, for example, third-level light splitting or fourth-level light splitting, etc.

Moreover, the spectroscopic device may have an m*n structure, that is, m input terminals and n output terminals, where m and n are positive integers. The details can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario, which is not limited in this application. For example, if the spectroscopic device has a 1*2 structure, the structure of the ODN provided by this application can be as shown in Figure 2, where the ODN can include multiple spectroscopic devices, and each spectroscopic device has a 1*2 structure. Moreover, the spectroscopic device in Figure 2 can also be replaced with a 2*2 spectroscopic device, 2*n, 1*n, etc., which can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario.

Generally, the splitting ratios applicable to different levels of splitting may also be different. The splitting ratio is the ratio of the output optical power between each port of the splitting device. For example, as shown in Figure 3, the first-level splitting ratio is 80%:20%, the second-level splitting ratio is 70%:30%, and the last-level splitting ratio is 0:100% (no splitting). If a common solution is used, Use N kinds of splitting ratio devices and N different levels, or choose an intermediate value such as 70%:30% to adapt to all levels, or use n splitting ratio devices to adapt to N kinds of levels (n<N).

In some scenarios, the light splitting ratio of the light splitting device is usually fixed and cannot be adjusted. Therefore, in order to achieve specific light splitting requirements, multiple different types of light splitting devices need to be used in ODN, resulting in an increase in network construction costs.

Therefore, this application provides a spectroscopic device with multiple splitting ratios. In scenarios where multiple splitting ratios are required in optical communication systems, the spectroscopic device provided by this application can be used to reduce network construction costs, and during use , the splitting ratio of the spectroscopic device can be adjusted by adjusting the input port, and the generalization ability is strong.

The structure of the spectroscopic device provided by this application is introduced below.

Refer to Figure 4, which is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic device provided by this application.

The light splitting device may include multiple light entrances (light entrance 1 and light entrance 2 as shown in Figure 4) and multiple light splitting units, and each light splitting unit may include one or more light splitters. For example, the application takes the first spectrophotometer The unit 41 and the second spectroscopic unit 42 are introduced.

The first spectroscopic unit 41 may include multiple parallel-connected spectrometers, and the multiple spectroscopes may be spectrometers with any splitting ratio. The input ends of the multiple spectroscopes are connected to the multiple light entrances.

In this application, the first spectroscopic unit includes a first spectrometer 411 and a second spectrometer 412 as an example. The first optical splitter 411 and the second optical splitter 412 have different splitting ratios. The first output end is connected to the first input end of the second optical splitting unit. At least one output end of the second optical splitter is connected to the second input of the second optical splitting unit. terminal, the second optical splitting unit is used to split the optical signal from the first input terminal and the second input terminal and then output. Wherein, the second light splitting unit includes at least two input terminals, and the second light splitting unit can be used to split the optical signal of any input terminal and then output it. This application takes the first input terminal and the second input terminal as examples for introduction. , not as a limitation. In addition, this application does not limit the light emitting power of the first output end and the second output end of the first optical splitter. The light emitting power of the first output end may be greater than the light emitting power of the second output end, and the light emitting power of the first output end may not be greater than the light emitting power of the first output end. It is greater than (for example, less than or equal to) the light output power of the second output end, which can be determined according to the actual application scenario.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, at least two spectrometers with different light splitting ratios are provided in the first spectroscopic unit, and at least two spectrometers with different light splitting ratios are set in the first spectroscopic unit, which can be determined according to the actual application scenario. Choose a matching split ratio. When deploying optical splitting devices in an optical communication network, there is no need to deploy different types of optical splitting devices. Only the input ports corresponding to the splitting ratios matched according to the actual application scenarios are needed, thus reducing network construction and management costs. And when you need to switch the splitting ratio, just switch the input port. There is no need to replace the splitting device. It can adapt to the scene of switching the splitting ratio and has strong generalization ability. Moreover, in the spectroscopic device provided by this application, devices in the second layer and its subsequent spectroscopic units can be reused under different splitting ratio scenarios, thereby improving the utilization of each device.

Specifically, the light splitting device provided by the present application may also include a plurality of light outlets, and one output port of one or more light splitters in the first light splitting unit is respectively connected to one or more light outlets, such as the third light outlet of the first light splitter. The second output terminal is connected to one of the light outlets. In addition, one or more output terminals of the last light splitting unit are respectively connected to one or more light outlets.

For example, the spectroscopic device may include two spectroscopic units, such as the structure shown in FIG. 4 , and the multiple output ends of the spectroscope in the second spectroscopic unit are respectively connected to multiple light outlets.

Exemplarily, the spectroscopic device may include three spectroscopic units, that is, the spectroscopic device may also include a third spectroscopic unit. For example, as shown in Figure 5, the output end of the second spectroscopic unit is connected to the input end of the third spectroscopic unit, Multiple output ends of the third optical splitting unit are respectively connected to multiple light outlets. The third optical splitter unit can be used to split the optical signal input by the second optical splitter unit and then output it to the multiple optical outlets, thereby realizing splitting of the optical signal.

It can be understood that when the spectroscopic device has two spectroscopic units, the output port of the spectroscope in the second spectroscopic unit can be used as the output port of the spectroscopic device. When the spectroscopic device has more than two spectroscopic units, the output port of the second spectroscopic unit It is connected to the input end of the next-level spectroscopic unit, and the output port of the last spectroscopic unit is connected to the light outlet of the spectroscopic device.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the plurality of spectrometers in the first spectroscopic unit include unequal ratio spectrometers. For example, the aforementioned first spectroscope or second spectrometer may be an unequal ratio spectrometer. Thereby, the optical signal input to the first spectroscopic unit is split into unequal ratios and then output.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the light output power of the second output end of the first optical splitter can be greater than the light output power of the first output end, so that the lower power optical signal is further split in the first layer of optical splitting. , and directly output a higher power split signal.

Alternatively, in a possible implementation, the second optical splitter may be an input waveguide, which may include a waveguide in a chip or an optical fiber. That is, a waveguide can be set as a beam splitter in the first spectroscopic unit to achieve a 100%:0% splitting ratio. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, a light splitting ratio of 100%:0% can be achieved through the waveguide.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the second optical splitter unit may include one optical splitter, which is called a third optical splitter for ease of understanding. The third optical splitter has M input ports and M output ports. That is, the third optical splitter is an M*M optical splitter, and the third optical splitter is used to split the optical signal input from any one of the M input ports and output it, M≥2, and M is a positive integer.

Of course, the second spectroscopic unit can also be provided with multiple spectrometers or a structure formed by cascading multiple spectrometers. The details can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario, which is not limited in this application.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the third optical splitter is an equal-ratio splitter, that is, the proportion of the light output power of each output port of the optical splitter in the second optical splitting unit is the same, so that the first optical splitting unit is The optical signal output from one port is divided into equal parts and then output.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the light outlet of the light splitting device can also be provided with an extension optical fiber, and the length of the light outlet of the light splitting device can be extended through the optical fiber to facilitate deployment of the light splitting device in an optical communication system.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the light splitting ratio of the light splitter in the first light splitting unit includes at least one of the following: 90%:10%, 80%:20%, 70%:30%, 60% :40 or 50%:50, thereby achieving a variety of light splitting ratios.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the type of spectrometer in the spectroscopic device includes one or more of the following: Y-branch type, directional coupler type, multi-mode interferometer type, or multiple spectroscopic devices cascaded formed beam splitter.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the type of optical splitter can include multiple types or be formed by cascading multiple types of optical splitters, thereby having strong generalization ability and being suitable for a variety of scenarios.

Taking three light splitting units as an example, the light splitter in the first light splitting unit can use a Y-branch type light splitter, a directional coupler type light splitter or a multi-mode interferometer type light splitter; the second light splitting unit can use a directional coupling unit, a multi-mode light splitting unit, or a multi-mode interferometer type light splitter. mode interferometer or large-tolerance directional coupler, etc.; the third spectroscopic unit can be a Y-type equal spectrometer, a directional coupler type equal spectrometer, an equal spectrometer formed by cascading directional coupler branches, or a multi-grind interference Equivalent spectrometers formed by cascading diodes.

It should be noted that Figure 5 shows an exemplary introduction using three light splitting units as an example. In actual application scenarios, it can also be replaced by more or less light splitting units, such as two, four or five. , which can be adjusted according to actual application scenarios, and is not limited in this application.

For ease of understanding, the following embodiments of this application take three light splitting units as an example. The first light splitting unit may include M 1*2 light splitters, and the second light splitting unit is an M*M equal ratio light splitter. The number may be one or more. The third optical splitting unit includes M 1*N optical splitters. The M*N output ports of the third optical splitting unit are respectively connected to M*N optical output ports. When there is a pass-through output port, the optical splitter The light outlet of the device is also connected to the through output port of the first light splitting unit.

Specifically, the function of the M 1*2 optical splitters with different splitting ratios in the first optical splitting unit is to divide one light input into two channels, and the splitting ratio between the two channels is the splitting ratio corresponding to each optical splitter. One output port of the 1*2 optical splitter is connected to an input port of the second optical splitter unit, and the other output port serves as a straight-through output port of the optical splitter device (that is, connected to an optical outlet).

In some scenarios, the beam splitter in the first beam splitter unit may include an optical waveguide, that is, an optical waveguide may be regarded as a beam splitter with a 100%:0% splitting ratio. In this case, an output port may be set to communicate with the second beam splitter. The input port of the unit is connected directly. It can also be understood that an optical waveguide is directly connected between the input port of the spectroscopic device and the input port of the spectrometer in the second spectroscopic unit, thereby achieving a 100%:0% splitting ratio, that is, through this transmission channel, the The optical signal is directly transmitted to the second light splitting unit.

The second optical splitting unit may include an M*M optical splitter, whose function is that the light input from any port can be distributed to M output ports. Specifically, the distribution may be equal ratio or unequal ratio distribution. The structure of the second light splitting unit has M input ports and M output ports. It can be formed by one device or multiple devices cascaded inside. The details can be determined according to the actual application field. Make adjustments to the scene.

The function of M 1*N optical splitters in the third optical splitting unit is to distribute the input light to N output ports, which can be equal ratio distribution or unequal ratio distribution. The structure of each one is 1 input and N output. . This optical splitter can achieve 1*N light splitting through a single device, or can also achieve 1*N light splitting through multiple devices cascaded. The third optical splitting unit has a total of M*N equally divided optical output ports; optionally, when N=1, that is, the third stage is M straight-through optical paths, such as M waveguides.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, a variety of different light splitting ratios can be achieved through one light splitting device. In the same optical communication network, even for different light splitting ratio requirements, the same light splitting device provided by the present application can be used to achieve it without replacement. Optical splitting devices can reduce link management costs and network construction costs. Moreover, in the spectroscopic device provided by this application, the components in the second spectroscopic unit and its subsequent spectroscopic units can be reused under different splitting ratio scenarios, thereby improving the utilization of each component.

The following is an illustrative introduction to the structures of some implementable spectroscopic devices provided by this application, taking some specific structures as examples.

Refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic device provided by this application.

Among them, M=2, N=4, there are two input ports, and there are 9 output ports, including one pass-through output port. Overall, two kinds of spectroscopic devices with adjustable splitting ratios of 70%:30% and 0:100% are realized. The spectroscopic device can realize the functions of 70%:30% 1:9 unequal beam ratio and 1:8 unequal beam ratio.

Specifically, the first light splitting unit includes a 1*2 light splitter with a light splitting ratio of 70%:30% and a waveguide. The waveguide can be understood as a light splitter with a light splitting ratio of 100%:0, which is equivalent to achieving 70%:30 There are two light splitting ratios: % and 100%: 0; the second light splitting unit includes a 2*2 light splitter; the third light splitting unit includes two 1*4 light splitters.

One output end of the 1*2 optical splitter of the first optical splitting unit is connected to an input end of the 2*2 optical splitter in the second optical splitting unit, the other output is used as the through output of the entire device, and the two outputs of the second optical splitting unit The terminals are respectively connected to the input terminals of the two 1*4 optical splitters of the third optical splitting unit.

If the optical signal is input from the light entrance 1, 70% of the optical signal is output from the straight-through output port, and 30% of the optical signal passes through the second and third light splitting units and is divided into 8 parts in equal proportions. output, the ratio of the optical signal output by each equal-fraction optical port is 30%/8; if the optical signal is input from the light entrance port 2, the optical signal passes through the second optical splitting unit and the third optical splitting unit, and is divided into 8 parts in equal proportions, each The power of the optical signal output by each equal-fraction optical port is 1/8 of the optical power of the input optical signal.

In addition, the 100%:0 structure in the first spectroscopic unit can be understood as a spectrometer with a 100%:0 split ratio in the first spectroscopic unit, or can also be understood as a direct connection between the light entrance 2 and the second spectroscopic unit. A waveguide is created to achieve a 100%:0 light splitting ratio through this waveguide, that is, the input signal is transmitted to the second light splitting unit.

In addition, each optical splitter in the optical splitting device provided by this application can be a separate unit. For example, the first-stage 1*2 optical splitter can be an independently packaged device, the second optical splitter unit can be an independent packaged device, and the third optical splitter can be an independent packaged device. A unit can be one or a combination of multiple devices.

Each spectrometer in the spectroscopic device can also be integrated in a chip, such as an integrated planar lightwave circuit (PLC) chip, as shown in Figure 7, in which the spectrometers of the first spectroscopic unit and the third spectroscopic unit The Y branch is used as an example. Of course, other structures can also be used. The second light splitting unit is a directional coupler. Of course, other structures can also be used, so that the light splitting device provided by the present application can be implemented by using a chip.

More specifically, each spectroscopic unit can use the same or different types of spectrometers, which usually include one or more waveguides or prisms. Several possible types are illustratively introduced below.

As shown in the aforementioned Figure 6, the first light splitting unit may include a 1*2 light splitter and a light guide optical path; wherein, as shown in Figure 8, the 1*2 light splitter may be a Y branch structure, or directional coupler structure, can also be It is the structure of a multi-mode interferometer, etc. The light path of the light guide can be either an optical fiber or a straight waveguide on the chip.

The second optical splitting unit includes a 2*2 optical splitter. The structure is 2 inputs and 2 outputs. The function is that the light input from any port can be equally distributed to the two output ports. As shown in Figure 9, the optical splitter can include 2* 2 directional couplers, 2*2 multi-mode inferometer (MMI) or large tolerance directional couplers, etc.

The third light splitting unit includes two 1*4 light splitters. The 1*4 light splitters can be formed by cascading 1*2 equal light splitters. The 1*2 equal light splitters include but are not limited to those shown in the figure. The Y-branch type equal ratio spectroscopic device shown in 10, the directional coupler type equal ratio spectroscopic device, and the multi-mode interference type equal ratio spectroscopic device. The 1*4 beam splitter can also be an integral structure to achieve 1/4 equal beam splitting, such as multi-mode interferometer type, etc.

Refer to Figure 11, which is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic device provided by this application.

The difference from the aforementioned Figure 6 is that the third light splitting unit of the light splitting device shown in Figure 11 includes two 1*2 light splitters, which are equally divided into four output ports.

Also taking a=70 as an example, as shown in Figure 11, input from light entrance 1, 70% of the light is output from the straight-through output port, 30% of the light passes through the second and third light splitting units, and is divided into 4 parts in equal proportions. The remaining four equally divided beam ports output, and each equally divided beam port outputs 30%/4 of the input light; if it is input from light entrance 2, the light passes through the beam splitter in the second beam splitting unit, and the beam splitter in the third beam splitting unit. The optical splitter is divided into 4 parts in equal proportions, and each equally divided light port outputs 1/4 of the input light.

When the spectroscopic device provided by the embodiment of the present application is integrated into a PLC chip, it can be shown in Figure 12, in which the first spectroscopic unit uses a 1*2 Y-shaped branch and an input waveguide. The waveguide can be understood as 100%: 0 optical splitter, the second optical splitting unit can use a 2*2 directional coupler, and the third optical splitting unit can use two 1*2 optical splitters.

Refer to Figure 13, which is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic device provided by this application.

The difference from the aforementioned Figure 6 is that the first spectroscopic unit includes two 1*2 spectrometers with different splitting ratios.

Taking a=70, b=80 as an example, as shown in Figure 13, if it is input from light entrance 1, 70% of the light is output from the straight-through output port 1, and 30% of the light passes through the second and third light splitting units. , divided into 8 parts in equal proportions and output from 8 equal beam ports, each equal beam port outputs 30%/8 of the input light; if input from light entrance 2, 80% of the light is output from straight-through output port 2, 20 % of the light passes through the second light splitting unit and the third light splitting unit, is divided into 8 parts in equal proportions and is output from the remaining 8 equal light splitting ports. Each equal light splitting port outputs 20%/8 of the input light.

Correspondingly, the spectroscopic device provided in this embodiment can also be integrated into a PLC chip, as shown in Figure 14. The first spectroscopic unit uses two 1*2 Y-shaped branch spectrometers with different split ratios. The optical splitting unit can use a 2*2 directional coupler type optical splitter, and the third optical splitting unit can be implemented by using a cascaded 1*2 Y-branch optical splitter.

Refer to Figure 15, which is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic device provided by this application.

The difference from the aforementioned Figure 6 is that the first light splitting unit includes three light splitters with different light splitting ratios, the second light splitting unit includes 3*3 light splitters, and the third light splitting unit includes three 1*N light splitters.

Take a=70, b=80, c=60 as an example, as shown in Figure 15. If input from light entrance 1, 70% of the light is output from the straight-through output port 1, and 30% of the light passes through the second light splitting unit and the third The light splitting unit is divided into 3*N parts in equal proportions and output from the remaining 3*N equally divided light ports. Each equal ratio light port outputs 30%/(3*N) of the input light;

If input from light entrance 2, 80% of the light is output from the straight-through output port 2, 20% of the light passes through the second light splitting unit and the third light splitting unit, is divided into 3*N parts in equal proportions, and is split into 3*N equal parts. Port output, each equal ratio light port outputs 20%/(3*N) of the input light;

If input from light entrance 3, 60% of the light is output from the straight-through output port 3, and 40% of the light passes through the second light splitting unit and the third splitter unit. The optical unit is divided into 3*N parts in equal proportions and output from the remaining 3*N equal-fraction light ports. Each equal-fraction light port outputs 40%/(3*N) of the input light.

Specifically, the 3*3 optical splitter in the second optical splitting unit can equally divide the optical signal input from any input port to three output ports. For example, a multi-mode interference structure can be used, as shown in Figure 16.

Refer to Figure 17, which is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic device provided by this application.

The difference from the aforementioned Figure 6 is that the first light splitting unit can include four light splitters with different light splitting ratios, the second light splitting unit includes 4*4 light splitters, and the third light splitting unit includes 4 groups of 1*N light splitters. For similar No further details will be given here.

Take a=70, b=80, c=60, d=50 as an example, as shown in Figure 16. If input from light entrance 1, 70% of the light is output from the straight-through output port 1, and 30% of the light passes through the second light splitter. The unit and the third light-splitting unit are divided into 4*N parts in equal proportions and output from the remaining 4*N equal-fraction light ports. Each equal-fraction light port outputs 30%/(4*N) of the input light;

If input from light entrance 2, 80% of the light is output from the straight-through output port 2, 20% of the light passes through the second light splitting unit and the third light splitting unit, is divided into 4*N parts in equal proportions, and is divided into 4*N equal parts. Port output, each equal-fraction light port outputs 20%/(4*N) of the input light;

If input from port 3, 60% of the light is output from the straight-through output port 3, 40% of the light passes through the second and third light splitting units, and is divided into 4*N parts in equal proportions and output from the remaining 4*N equal parts light ports. , each equal-fraction optical port outputs 40%/(4*N) of the input light;

If input from port 4, 50% of the light is output from the straight-through output port 4, 50% of the light passes through the second and third light splitting units, and is divided into 4*N parts in equal proportions and output from the remaining 4*N equal parts light ports. , each equal-fraction optical port outputs 50%/(4*N) of the input light.

Specifically, the 4*4 optical splitter in the second optical splitting unit can input optical signals from any input port and divide them equally into four output ports; for example, as shown in Figure 18, the 4*4 optical splitter can use multiple Mode interference structure or cascaded 2*2 multi-mode interference structure is implemented. The details can be determined according to the actual application scenario.

Obviously, combined with the various structures mentioned above, the spectroscopic device provided in this application can achieve multiple input splitting ratios through multiple structures. Different input ports can correspond to different splitting ratios, so matching can be selected according to the required splitting ratio. The input port is enough, and different light splitting ratios can be achieved through the same light splitting device to achieve a light splitting device with adjustable light splitting ratio.

The optical splitting device provided by this application can be applied to communication networks that require multiple splitting ratios. For example, it can be applied to the system architecture of passive optical networks and scenarios where ODN requires multi-level cascading. For example, as shown in Figure 19, taking the three-level splitting architecture as an example, assume that the splitting ratios of the first, second, and third levels are 80%:20%, 70%:30%, and 0:100% respectively. Each level of splitting can be set. The output port is connected to the ONU. Through the light splitting devices with different light splitting ratios provided by this application, the same type of light splitting devices can be installed at different nodes without changing the type of light splitting device, which can reduce network construction and management costs.

For ease of use, this application also provides a package module based on the aforementioned spectroscopic device, which may also be directly referred to as a spectroscopic device or a spectroscopic module. The package module can be understood as a package module for one or more of the aforementioned components described in Figures 4 to 19. A module formed by packaging a light splitting device, including multiple input ports and multiple output ports. The multiple input ports are connected to the light entrance of the light splitting device, or are obtained by packaging the light entrance of the light splitting device. The output port is connected to the light outlet of the spectroscopic device, or is obtained by encapsulating the light outlet of the spectroscopic device.

Specifically, the multiple ports of the package module can be divided into multiple groups of ports. Each group of ports includes an input port and one or more output ports. Each group of ports has a corresponding splitting ratio. Each group of ports can include an input port and one or more output ports. Pass-through output port.

For example, the package module of the spectroscopic device provided by this application can be as shown in Figure 20, with input ports and directivity of different splitting ratios. Pass output ports can be set up close together, and multiple output ports can be set up close together. Users can connect input ports and pass-through output ports with different splitting ratios as needed.

In addition, optionally, an extension optical fiber can be provided at the output end of the package module. As shown in Figure 21, the optical fiber is used to extend the length of the light outlet of the optical splitting device, thereby facilitating the deployment of the optical splitting device in the optical communication system.

Therefore, this application provides a package module with an adjustable splitting ratio. When transmitting an optical signal, the input port corresponding to the splitting ratio can be selected for input, thereby dividing the optical signal into multiple optical signal outputs, that is, a through output port and a Multiple output ports to achieve splitting of optical signals.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented. On the other hand, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, and are merely a way of distinguishing objects with the same attributes in describing the embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "having" and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that a process, method, system, product or apparatus comprising a series of elements need not be limited to those elements, but may include not explicitly other elements specifically listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products or equipment.

The names of messages/frames/information, modules or units, etc. provided in various embodiments of this application are only examples, and other names can be used as long as the functions of the messages/frames/information, modules or units, etc. are the same.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the embodiments of this application, the singular forms "a", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "/" indicates that the related objects are an "or" relationship. For example, A/B can represent A or B; "and" in this application "/or" is just an association relationship that describes related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Where A and B can be singular or plural.

Depending on the context, the words "if" or "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when" or "when" or "in response to determination" or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determined" or "if (stated condition or event) is detected" may be interpreted as "when determined" or "in response to determining" or "when (stated condition or event) is detected )" or "in response to detecting (a stated condition or event)".

As mentioned above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application, but not to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still make the foregoing technical solutions. The technical solutions described in each embodiment may be modified, or some of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; however, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the scope of the technical solutions in each embodiment of the present application.

Claims (12)

A spectroscopic device, characterized in that it includes: A plurality of light entrances, a first light splitting unit and a second light splitting unit. The first light splitting unit includes a plurality of parallel light splitters. The plurality of light entrances are respectively connected to the plurality of light splitters in the first light splitting unit. Connect the input terminal of the device; The plurality of optical splitters include a first optical splitter and a second optical splitter, and the first optical splitter and the second optical splitter have different splitting ratios; The first output end of the first optical splitter is connected to the first input end of the second optical splitting unit, and at least one output end of the second optical splitter is connected to the second input end of the second optical splitting unit; The second spectroscopic unit is used to split the optical signals from the first input terminal and the second input terminal and then output them. The spectroscopic device according to claim 1, wherein the spectroscopic device further includes a plurality of light outlets, and the second output end of the first spectroscope is connected to one of the light outlets. The spectroscopic device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of output ends of the second spectroscopic unit are respectively connected to the plurality of light outlets. The spectroscopic device according to claim 2, wherein the spectroscopic device further includes a third spectroscopic unit; The input end of the third light splitting unit is connected to the output end of the second light splitting unit, a plurality of output ends of the third light splitting unit are respectively connected to the plurality of light outlets, and the third light splitting unit is used to The optical signal input by the second spectroscopic unit is split and then output to the plurality of light outlets. The spectroscopic device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the second spectroscope includes an input waveguide. The optical splitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second optical splitting unit includes a third optical splitter, and the third optical splitter has M input ports and M output ports. , the third optical splitter is used to split the optical signal input from any one of the M input ports and output it, where M≥2, and M is a positive integer. The spectroscopic device according to claim 6, wherein the third spectrometer is an equal spectrometer. The spectroscopic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the splitting ratio of the spectroscope in the first spectroscopic unit includes at least one of the following: 90%:10%, 80%:20% , 70%:30%, 60%:40% or 50%:50%. The spectroscopic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the type of spectrometer in the spectroscopic device includes one or more of the following: Y branch type, directional coupler type, multi-mode interference The type of optical splitter or the optical splitter formed by the cascade connection of multiple optical splitters. A chip, characterized in that it includes: at least one spectroscopic device, and the at least one spectroscopic device includes the spectroscopic device according to any one of claims 1-9. An optical distribution network ODN is characterized in that it includes: a plurality of optical splitting devices according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the plurality of optical splitting devices are connected through optical fibers. A passive optical network PON system, characterized in that it includes: an optical line terminal OLT, an optical distribution network ODN as claimed in claim 11, and at least one optical network unit ONU; The output terminal of the OLT is connected to the input terminal of the ODN, and the at least one ONU is connected to at least one output terminal of the ODN.