WO2023171222A1 - プロジェクションスクリーン - Google Patents
プロジェクションスクリーン Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023171222A1 WO2023171222A1 PCT/JP2023/004371 JP2023004371W WO2023171222A1 WO 2023171222 A1 WO2023171222 A1 WO 2023171222A1 JP 2023004371 W JP2023004371 W JP 2023004371W WO 2023171222 A1 WO2023171222 A1 WO 2023171222A1
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- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/54—Accessories
- G03B21/56—Projection screens
- G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
- G03B21/62—Translucent screens
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a projection screen.
- a transmissive projection screen that displays an image projected from a projector to a viewer who is on the opposite side of the projector across the projection screen.
- transmissive projection screen after the light from the projector forms an image on the screen and displays an image, the light that passes through the screen forms an image in another place, such as the ceiling or floor, and is unnecessary. It may be reflected as an image.
- Patent Documents 1 to 5 disclose a layer containing light-diffusing fine particles and a plurality of regions having a relatively high refractive index in a region having a relatively low refractive index.
- a transmission projection screen is disclosed, comprising a light diffusion control layer having a regular internal structure.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a projection screen that exhibits excellent visibility while suppressing unnecessary images projected from a projector onto areas other than the projection screen. That is the primary purpose.
- transmission-type projection screens are generally required to display images with little blur and high image sharpness.
- the transmission type projection screens disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 5 were insufficient in terms of image sharpness. Therefore, further improvement from the viewpoint of image sharpness has been required.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is capable of displaying images with high image sharpness while suppressing unnecessary images projected from a projector onto areas other than the projection screen.
- the second purpose is to provide a possible projection screen.
- the present invention provides a first light-scattering layer and a region with a relatively low refractive index laminated on one side of the first light-scattering layer.
- a light diffusion control layer having a regular internal structure including a plurality of regions with relatively high
- a projection screen characterized by comprising a light scattering layer (Invention 1).
- At least one of the first light-scattering layer and the second light-scattering layer contains light-diffusing fine particles (invention 2).
- the haze value of the projection screen is preferably 1% or more and 80% or less (Invention 3).
- the total light transmittance of the projection screen is preferably 60% or more and 100% or less (Invention 4).
- the present invention includes a third light scattering layer, which is laminated on one side of the third light scattering layer, and has a refractive index in a region with a relatively low refractive index.
- a projection screen comprising a light diffusion control layer having a regular internal structure with a plurality of relatively high regions, wherein the regular internal structure contained in the light diffusion control layer is not formed.
- a projection screen characterized in that the thickness of the unstructured layer is 0 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less (Invention 5).
- the light scattering layer preferably contains light diffusing fine particles (invention 6).
- the regular internal structure is a louver structure in which a plurality of plate-like regions having different refractive indexes are arranged alternately in any one direction along the sheet surface. (Invention 7).
- the louver structure may be configured such that when the projection screen is installed perpendicularly to the ground, the longitudinal direction of the plate-like region extends in the horizontal direction.
- the louver structure Preferable (Invention 8).
- the projection screen according to the first embodiment of the present invention exhibits excellent visibility while suppressing unnecessary images projected from the projector onto areas other than the projection screen.
- the projection screen according to the second embodiment of the present invention can display images with high image sharpness while suppressing unnecessary images projected from the projector onto areas other than the projection screen. .
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a projection screen according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- 3 is a graph showing part of the results of Test Example 1-3.
- 3 is a graph showing part of the results of Test Example 1-3.
- 3 is a graph showing part of the results of Test Example 1-3.
- 3 is a graph showing part of the results of Test Example 1-3.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a projection screen according to a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph showing part of the results of Test Example 2-1.
- 3 is a graph showing part of the results of Test Example 2-2.
- 3 is a graph showing part of the results of Test Example 2-3.
- 3 is a graph showing part of the results of Test Example 2-3.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an example of a projection screen according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the projection screen 1 according to the present embodiment includes a first light scattering layer 11 and a region with a relatively low refractive index laminated on one side of the first light scattering layer 11.
- a light diffusion control layer 10 having a regular internal structure with a plurality of high regions, and a second light scattering layer laminated on the side of the light diffusion control layer 10 opposite to the first light scattering layer 11. 12.
- the projection screen 1 has a structure in which a light diffusion control layer 10 and a light scattering layer (a first light scattering layer 11 and a second light scattering layer 12) are laminated, so that the projection screen 1 can be easily removed from the projector. It is possible to prevent the projected light from forming an image on areas other than the projection screen (for example, on the ceiling or floor). That is, according to the projection screen 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent unnecessary images from being reflected on the ceiling, floor, and the like.
- the projection screen 1 according to the present embodiment has a structure in which two layers, a first light scattering layer 11 and a second light scattering layer 12, are arranged on both sides of the light diffusion control layer 10.
- the light projected from the projector can be irradiated with higher intensity toward the front than when only one light scattering layer is present on one side.
- the light diffusion control layer 10 in this embodiment has a regular internal structure including a plurality of regions having a relatively high refractive index within a region having a relatively low refractive index.
- the specific internal structure, composition, etc. are not limited.
- the regular internal structure described above refers to an internal structure in which a plurality of regions with a relatively high refractive index are arranged with a predetermined regularity in a region with a relatively low refractive index. That's what I mean. For example, when looking at a cross section of the light diffusion control layer 10 cut along a plane parallel to the surface of the light diffusion control layer 10, there are regions with a relatively high refractive index in regions with a relatively low refractive index. Refers to an internal structure that is repeatedly arranged at the same pitch along at least one direction in a cross section.
- the regular internal structure here is such that a region with a relatively high refractive index extends in the thickness direction of the light diffusion control layer 10, so that one phase clearly exists in the other phase. It is distinguished from a phase-separated structure, which exists without regularity, and a sea-island structure, which has approximately spherical island components in a sea component.
- the incident light that has entered the surface of the light diffusion control layer 10 within a predetermined incident angle range can be emitted while being strongly diffused with a predetermined opening angle.
- the incident angle range at this time is sometimes referred to as the "incident light diffusion angle range."
- the incident light falls outside the above-mentioned incident angle range, it can be transmitted without being diffused, or it can be emitted with weaker diffusion than in the case of incident light within the incident angle range.
- a specific example of the regular internal structure is a louver structure in which a plurality of plate-like regions having different refractive indexes are arranged alternately in any direction along the sheet surface.
- Another specific example is a column structure in which a plurality of columnar objects having a relatively high refractive index are arranged in a row in the sheet thickness direction in a region having a relatively low refractive index.
- the regular internal structure is a louver structure from the viewpoint of making it easier to prevent unnecessary image reflection and from the viewpoint of not unnecessarily increasing the haze in the front direction of the screen.
- the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the plate-shaped region is inclined with respect to the thickness direction of the light diffusion control layer 10.
- the column structure it is preferable that the columnar objects are inclined with respect to the thickness direction of the light diffusion control layer 10. Due to these, the projection screen 1 according to the present embodiment can more easily suppress the reflection of unnecessary images.
- the light diffusion control layer 10 in this embodiment may have a structure other than the louver structure and column structure described above.
- the light diffusion control layer 10 may have a regular internal structure in which the columnar objects in the louver structure described above are bent midway in the thickness direction of the light diffusion control layer 10.
- the light diffusion control layer 10 may have a regular internal structure in which the columnar objects in the column structure described above are bent midway in the thickness direction of the light diffusion control layer 10.
- the light diffusion control layer 10 may have a regular internal structure formed by laminating any combination of a louver structure, a column structure, or the above-described bent structure.
- composition of the light diffusion control layer 10 in this embodiment includes a high refractive index component and a refractive index lower than the high refractive index component from the viewpoint of easily forming the regular internal structure as described above. It is preferable that a composition for a light diffusion control layer containing a low refractive index component is cured. In particular, it is preferable that the high refractive index component and the low refractive index component each have one or two polymerizable functional groups.
- High refractive index component Preferred examples of the high refractive index component include (meth)acrylic esters containing an aromatic ring, particularly (meth)acrylic esters containing a plurality of aromatic rings. Preferably.
- (meth)acrylic esters containing multiple aromatic rings include biphenyl (meth)acrylate, naphthyl (meth)acrylate, anthracyl (meth)acrylate, benzylphenyl (meth)acrylate, and (meth)acrylate.
- (meth)acrylic acid means both acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. The same applies to other similar terms.
- the (weight average) molecular weight of the high refractive index component is preferably 150 to 2,500, particularly preferably 200 to 1,500, and even more preferably 250 to 1,000.
- the (weight average) molecular weight of the high refractive index component is within the above range, it becomes easier to form the light diffusion control layer 10 having a desired regular internal structure.
- the (weight average) molecular weight of the high refractive index component refers to the theoretical molecular weight (molecular weight that is not the weight average molecular weight). shall point.
- the (weight average) molecular weight of the high refractive index component is It refers to the weight average molecular weight obtained as a standard polystyrene equivalent value measured by chromatography (GPC) method.
- GPC chromatography
- the refractive index of the high refractive index component is preferably 1.45 to 1.70, particularly preferably 1.50 to 1.65, and even more preferably 1.56 to 1.59. .
- the refractive index in this specification means the refractive index of a predetermined component before curing the composition for a light diffusion control layer, and the refractive index is measured according to JIS K0062:1992. It is.
- the content of the high refractive index component in the composition for a light diffusion control layer is preferably 25 to 400 parts by mass, more preferably 40 to 300 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the low refractive index component.
- the amount is preferably 80 to 250 parts by weight, and more preferably 120 to 200 parts by weight.
- Low refractive index component Preferred examples of the low refractive index component include urethane (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic polymer having (meth)acryloyl group in the side chain, and silicone containing (meth)acryloyl group. Examples include resins, unsaturated polyester resins, etc., but it is particularly preferable to use urethane (meth)acrylate.
- the urethane (meth)acrylate is preferably formed from (a) a compound containing at least two isocyanate groups, (b) polyalkylene glycol, and (c) hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate.
- Preferred examples of the above-mentioned (a) compound containing at least two isocyanate groups include 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 1,3-xylylene diisocyanate, 1, Aromatic polyisocyanates such as 4-xylylene diisocyanate, aliphatic polyisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, alicyclic polyisocyanates such as isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and their biuret forms, isocyanurate forms, and adduct forms (e.g., xylylene diisocyanate), which are reactants with low-molecular active hydrogen-containing compounds such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, and castor oil. trifunctional adducts) and the like.
- cycloalipha such
- polyalkylene glycol (b) mentioned above examples include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, polyhexylene glycol, etc. Among them, polypropylene glycol is preferred.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol (b) is preferably from 2,300 to 19,500, particularly preferably from 3,000 to 14,300, and even more preferably from 4,000 to 12,300.
- hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate examples include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, and 2-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate. ) acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, and the like.
- Urethane (meth)acrylate can be synthesized using the above-mentioned components (a) to (c) according to a conventional method.
- the weight average molecular weight of the low refractive index component is preferably 3,000 to 20,000, particularly preferably 5,000 to 15,000, and even more preferably 7,000 to 13,000. When the weight average molecular weight of the low refractive index component is within the above range, it becomes easier to form the light diffusion control layer 10 having a desired regular internal structure.
- the refractive index of the low refractive index component is preferably 1.30 to 1.59, more preferably 1.40 to 1.50, particularly preferably 1.46 to 1.48.
- the refractive index of the low refractive index component is within the above range, it becomes easier to form the light diffusion control layer 10 having a desired regular internal structure.
- composition for a light diffusion control layer may contain other additives in addition to the high refractive index component and the low refractive index component.
- additives include, for example, polyfunctional monomers (compounds having three or more polymerizable functional groups), photopolymerization initiators, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, antistatic agents, and polymerization accelerators. , polymerization inhibitors, infrared absorbers, plasticizers, diluting solvents, and leveling agents.
- the composition for a light diffusion control layer preferably contains a photopolymerization initiator.
- the composition for a light diffusion control layer contains a photopolymerization initiator, it becomes easy to efficiently form the light diffusion control layer 10 having a desired regular internal structure.
- photopolymerization initiators include benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin-n-butyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, acetophenone, dimethylaminoacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2,2-diethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, 2-methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]- 2-morpholino-propan-1-one, 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl-2-(hydroxy-2-propyl)ketone, benzophenone, p-phenylbenzophenone, 4,4-diethylaminobenzophenone, dichlorobenzophenone, 2- Methylanthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinon
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator in the composition for a light diffusion control layer is 0.2 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the high refractive index component and the low refractive index component.
- the amount is preferably 20 parts by weight, particularly 0.5 to 15 parts by weight, and even more preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight.
- composition for light diffusion control layer contains the above-mentioned high refractive index component and low refractive index component, and if desired, other additives such as a photopolymerization initiator. Adjustments can be made by uniformly mixing.
- stirring may be performed while heating to a temperature of 40 to 80°C to obtain a uniform composition for a light diffusion control layer.
- a diluting solvent may be added and mixed so that the resulting composition for a light diffusion control layer has a desired viscosity.
- the method for forming the light diffusion control layer 10 is not particularly limited, and can be formed by a conventionally known method.
- the above-described composition for a light diffusion control layer is prepared and applied to one side of a process sheet to form a coating film.
- the light diffusion control layer 10 can be formed by preferably curing the coating film by irradiating it with active energy rays.
- one side of a release sheet (particularly the release side) is laminated to the opposite side of the coating film from the process sheet, and the coating is applied through the process sheet or release sheet.
- the coating film may be cured by irradiating the film with active energy rays.
- the coating method examples include knife coating, roll coating, bar coating, blade coating, die coating, and gravure coating. Further, the composition for a light diffusion control layer may be diluted with a solvent if necessary.
- the active energy rays refer to electromagnetic waves or charged particle beams that have energy quantum, and specifically include ultraviolet rays and electron beams.
- ultraviolet rays are particularly preferred because they are easy to handle.
- a linear light source is used as the light source of active energy rays, and the rays are applied randomly in the width direction (TD direction) and approximately parallel to the machine direction (MD direction) with respect to the surface of the laminate. Emits band-shaped (almost linear) light. Note that by adjusting the irradiation angle of the light, the inclination angle of the plate-like region formed within the louver structure can also be adjusted.
- the irradiation conditions are preferably such that the peak illuminance on the coating surface is 0.1 to 200 mW/cm 2 . Further, it is preferable that the cumulative amount of light on the surface of the coating film is 5 to 300 mJ/cm 2 . Further, the relative moving speed of the active energy ray light source with respect to the laminate is preferably 0.1 to 10 m/min.
- a release sheet may be laminated on the surface of the coating film.
- the thickness of the light diffusion control layer 10 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably 80 ⁇ m or more, and It is preferable that it is 120 ⁇ m or more. When the thickness of the light diffusion control layer 10 is 20 ⁇ m or more, it becomes easy to exhibit desired light diffusion properties. Further, the thickness of the light diffusion control layer 10 is preferably 700 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 300 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 200 ⁇ m or less. When the thickness of the light diffusion control layer 10 is 700 ⁇ m or less, occurrence of dents and crushing can be easily suppressed.
- first light-scattering layer 11 and second light-scattering layer 12 in this embodiment have different structures and compositions as long as they have light diffusing properties. Not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of easily achieving the desired light diffusing property and making it easier to manufacture the projection screen 1, at least one of the first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 is made of light diffusing fine particles. It is preferable that it is a layer containing , and more preferably it is an adhesive layer containing light-diffusing fine particles. In particular, in the projection screen 1 according to this embodiment, both the first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 are preferably adhesive layers containing light diffusing fine particles.
- the adhesive constituting the adhesive layer is not particularly limited as long as it does not interfere with the light diffusion effect of the light-diffusing fine particles, and is preferably transparent. Further, it is also preferable that the adhesive has sufficient adhesive strength to maintain the layer structure of the projection screen 1.
- Specific examples of the adhesive include acrylic adhesive, rubber adhesive, silicone adhesive, urethane adhesive, polyester adhesive, polyvinyl ether adhesive, and the like. Among these, it is preferable to use acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives from the viewpoint of easily exhibiting desired performance.
- the adhesive layer is composed of light-diffusing fine particles, an acrylic polymer, and a crosslinked polymer. It is preferable that the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is formed from a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing at least an agent.
- first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 may both have the same composition, or may have mutually different compositions.
- Light-diffusing fine particles are not particularly limited, but preferable examples include inorganic fine particles, organic fine particles, and silicon-containing compounds having an intermediate structure between inorganic and organic, such as silicone resin.
- examples include silicone-based fine particles consisting of (for example, Tospear series manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials Japan), hybrid fine particles of organic resin and silicone resin, and the like.
- One type of light-diffusing fine particles may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- inorganic fine particles include metal oxides such as silica, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony oxide, and cerium oxide;
- metal oxides such as silica, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony oxide, and cerium oxide
- metal fluorides such as magnesium fluoride and sodium fluoride.
- metal oxides are preferred, titanium oxide or zinc oxide are particularly preferred, and titanium oxide is more preferred.
- the surface of the inorganic fine particles may be chemically modified with an organic compound or the like.
- the shape of the inorganic fine particles may be either a regular shape such as a perfect sphere or an amorphous shape, but an amorphous shape is preferable from the viewpoint of efficiently exhibiting light diffusivity with a small amount.
- the inorganic fine particles in this embodiment are preferably so-called nanoparticles.
- the average particle size of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 10 to 1000 nm, more preferably 50 to 700 nm, particularly preferably 100 to 500 nm, and even more preferably 200 to 300 nm. is preferred.
- the optical properties described above are more easily satisfied. Note that the average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles is measured by a laser diffraction/scattering method.
- the refractive index of the inorganic fine particles in this embodiment is preferably 1.8 to 3, particularly preferably 2 to 2.8, and even more preferably 2.5 to 2.7.
- the refractive index of the light-diffusing fine particles can be measured, for example, by the following method. That is, a sample is prepared by placing fine particles on a slide glass, dropping a refractive index standard solution onto the fine particles, and covering the fine particles with a cover glass. The sample is observed with a microscope, and the refractive index of the refractive index standard solution at which the outline of the fine particles becomes most difficult to see is determined as the refractive index of the fine particles.
- organic fine particles examples include acrylic resins, polystyrene resins, polyethylene resins, epoxy resins, copolymers or mixtures thereof, and the like.
- the shape of the organic microparticles silicone microparticles, and hybrid microparticles, spherical microparticles with uniform light diffusion are preferred.
- the average particle diameter of these fine particles measured by centrifugal sedimentation light transmission method is preferably 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m. When the average particle diameter of the fine particles is within the above range, the optical properties described above are more easily satisfied.
- the average particle diameter determined by the above centrifugal sedimentation light transmission method was determined by using a centrifugal automatic particle size distribution analyzer (manufactured by Horiba, Ltd., CAPA-700).
- the content of the light-diffusing fine particles in the adhesive composition is 0.01 to 5 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the acrylic polymer. parts by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 2 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1 parts by weight, and even more preferably 0.2 to 0.6 parts by weight. preferable.
- the content of the light-diffusing fine particles is within the above range, desired light-diffusing properties can be easily achieved, and the projection screen 1 according to the present embodiment has better visibility.
- Acrylic polymer The monomer units constituting the above acrylic polymer can be adjusted as appropriate from the viewpoint of transparency, adhesive strength, etc. It is preferable to contain a monomer having a reactive functional group (reactive functional group-containing monomer).
- (meth)acrylic acid means both acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. The same applies to other similar terms. Furthermore, the concept of "copolymer” is also included in “polymer”.
- the acrylic polymer can exhibit preferable adhesiveness by containing (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester as a monomer unit constituting the polymer.
- (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester a (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester in which the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched, or may have a cyclic structure.
- Examples of (meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters in which the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, and n-(meth)acrylate.
- Examples include n-dodecyl, myristyl (meth)acrylate, palmityl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, and adamantyl (meth)acrylate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the above-mentioned acrylic polymer preferably contains 20 to 95% by mass, particularly preferably 40 to 90% by mass, of (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester as a monomer unit constituting the polymer, and further The content is preferably 60 to 85% by mass. Within these ranges, it becomes easier to achieve the desired adhesive strength.
- the above-mentioned acrylic polymer contains a reactive functional group-containing monomer as a monomer unit constituting the polymer, so that it can be bonded to the crosslinking agent described below via the reactive functional group derived from the reactive functional group-containing monomer. Reacts, thereby forming a crosslinked structure (three-dimensional network structure), resulting in an adhesive having the desired cohesive force.
- the above-mentioned reactive functional group-containing monomers include monomers having a hydroxy group in the molecule (hydroxy group-containing monomer), monomers having a carboxyl group in the molecule (carboxy group-containing monomer), and monomers having an amino group in the molecule (amino group-containing monomers), etc. are preferably mentioned. These reactive functional group-containing monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- hydroxy group-containing monomers or carboxyl group-containing monomers are preferred from the viewpoint of easy adjustment of crosslinking density and ease of obtaining a pressure-sensitive adhesive having a desired cohesive force. It is preferable to use a group-containing monomer and a carboxy group-containing monomer together.
- hydroxy group-containing monomers examples include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, ( Examples include hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as 3-hydroxybutyl meth)acrylate and 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate.
- (meth)acrylic acid hydroxyalkyl esters having a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms Specifically, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, etc. are preferably mentioned, and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate or 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate is particularly preferably mentioned. It will be done. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- carboxy group-containing monomer examples include ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, and citraconic acid.
- acrylic acid is preferred from the viewpoint of the cohesive strength of the resulting (meth)acrylic acid ester polymer (A). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the acrylic polymer preferably contains 0.1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 10% by mass of a reactive functional group-containing monomer as a monomer unit constituting the polymer. It is particularly preferable to contain 0.5 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.8 to 3% by mass. Within these ranges, the acrylic polymer tends to cause the desired crosslinking reaction with the crosslinking agent, and as a result, the resulting pressure-sensitive adhesive tends to have good cohesive force.
- the acrylic polymer in this embodiment may further contain other monomers as monomers constituting the polymer.
- the other monomers include dicyclopentanyl (meth)acrylate, adamantyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, dicyclopentenyl (meth)acrylate, and dicyclopentenyl (meth)acrylate.
- Alicyclic structure-containing (meth)acrylic esters such as oxyethyl; (meth)acrylic acid alkoxyalkyl esters such as methoxyethyl (meth)acrylate and ethoxyethyl (meth)acrylate; non-crosslinked acrylamide, methacrylamide, etc.
- acrylamide (meth)acrylic acid ester having a non-crosslinkable tertiary amino group such as N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate and N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate; vinyl acetate ; Examples include styrene. Among these, vinyl acetate is preferred from the viewpoint of the cohesive force of the resulting (meth)acrylic acid ester polymer (A). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the acrylic polymer preferably contains 1 to 30% by mass, particularly preferably 10 to 25% by mass, and more preferably 15 to 20% by mass of other monomers as monomer units constituting the polymer. % is preferable. Thereby, the resulting adhesive tends to have good cohesive force.
- the polymerization mode of the acrylic polymer in this embodiment may be a random polymer or a block polymer.
- the acrylic polymer can be obtained by polymerizing each of the above-mentioned monomers by a conventional method.
- it can be prepared by polymerization using an emulsion polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a bulk polymerization method, an aqueous solution polymerization method, or the like.
- the weight average molecular weight of the acrylic polymer is preferably 100,000 to 5,000,000, more preferably 200,000 to 2,000,000, particularly preferably 500,000 to 1,500,000, and even more preferably 700,000 to 1,500,000. Preferably, it is 1 million.
- the acrylic polymer has good dispersibility of the above-mentioned light-diffusing fine particles, and the resulting pressure-sensitive adhesive can easily exhibit desired adhesive performance and optical performance.
- the adhesive composition according to the present embodiment may contain one kind of the above-mentioned acrylic polymer, or may contain two or more kinds of the above-mentioned acrylic polymer. Moreover, the adhesive composition according to this embodiment may contain another acrylic polymer in addition to the above-mentioned acrylic polymer.
- crosslinking agent crosslinks the above-mentioned acrylic polymer by heating the adhesive composition, making it possible to form a good three-dimensional network structure. This further improves the cohesive force of the resulting adhesive.
- crosslinking agents examples include those that react with the reactive functional groups of the acrylic polymer, such as isocyanate crosslinking agents, epoxy crosslinking agents, amine crosslinking agents, melamine crosslinking agents, and aziridine crosslinking agents.
- agent hydrazine-based cross-linking agent, aldehyde-based cross-linking agent, oxazoline-based cross-linking agent, metal alkoxide-based cross-linking agent, metal chelate-based cross-linking agent, metal salt-based cross-linking agent, ammonium salt-based cross-linking agent, and the like.
- crosslinking agents when the reactive group of the acrylic polymer is a hydroxy group, it is preferable to use an isocyanate crosslinking agent that has excellent reactivity with the hydroxy group. Moreover, when the reactive group that the acrylic polymer has is a carboxyl group, it is preferable to use an epoxy crosslinking agent that has excellent reactivity with the carboxy group.
- a crosslinking agent can be used individually or in combination of two or more types.
- the isocyanate-based crosslinking agent contains at least a polyisocyanate compound.
- the polyisocyanate compound include aromatic polyisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and xylylene diisocyanate, aliphatic polyisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, and alicyclic polyisocyanates such as isophorone diisocyanate and hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
- trimethylolpropane-modified aromatic polyisocyanates particularly at least one of trimethylolpropane-modified tolylene diisocyanate and trimethylolpropane-modified xylylene diisocyanate. From this point of view, it is preferable to use aliphatic polyisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate.
- epoxy crosslinking agent examples include 1,3-bis(N,N-diglycidylaminomethyl)cyclohexane, N,N,N',N'-tetraglycidyl-m-xylylenediamine, and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether. , 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane diglycidyl ether, diglycidylaniline, diglycidylamine, and the like. Among them, 1,3-bis(N,N-diglycidylaminomethyl)cyclohexane is preferred from the viewpoint of reactivity with carboxy groups.
- the content of the crosslinking agent in the adhesive composition is 0.01 to 5 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the acrylic polymer.
- the amount is preferably from 0.1 to 2 parts by weight, more preferably from 0.2 to 1 part by weight.
- the content of the crosslinking agent is within the above range, the resulting pressure-sensitive adhesive exhibits better cohesive force.
- the adhesive composition may contain various additives commonly used in acrylic adhesives, such as silane coupling agents, rust inhibitors, ultraviolet absorbers, tackifiers, and antioxidants. agents, light stabilizers, softeners, refractive index modifiers, etc. can be added. Note that the polymerization solvent and dilution solvent described below are not included in the additives constituting the adhesive composition.
- the adhesive composition is prepared by preparing an acrylic polymer, mixing the obtained acrylic polymer, light-diffusing fine particles, and a crosslinking agent, and optionally adding It can be prepared by adding agents, etc.
- the acrylic polymer can be prepared by polymerizing a mixture of monomers constituting the polymer using a conventional radical polymerization method.
- the acrylic polymer is preferably polymerized by a solution polymerization method using a polymerization initiator if desired.
- the polymerization is not limited to this, and polymerization may be performed without a solvent.
- the polymerization solvent include ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, toluene, acetone, hexane, and methyl ethyl ketone, and two or more of them may be used in combination.
- the acrylic polymer is obtained, the light-diffusing fine particles, the crosslinking agent, and, if desired, a diluting solvent and additives are added to the acrylic polymer solution, and the mixture is sufficiently mixed to be diluted with the solvent.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition (coating solution) is obtained.
- any of the above components is used in solid form, or if precipitation occurs when mixed with other components in an undiluted state, add that component alone to a dilution solvent in advance. It may be mixed with other components after being dissolved or diluted.
- the diluent examples include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, and cyclohexane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, and ethylene chloride, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, Alcohols such as 1-methoxy-2-propanol, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, 2-pentanone, isophorone, and cyclohexanone, esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, and cellosolve solvents such as ethyl cellosolve are used.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, and cyclohexane
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene
- halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride,
- the concentration and viscosity of the coating solution prepared in this manner are not particularly limited as long as they are within a coating range, and can be appropriately selected depending on the situation.
- the adhesive composition is diluted to a concentration of 10 to 60% by mass.
- addition of a diluting solvent and the like is not a necessary condition, and as long as the adhesive composition has a viscosity that allows coating, it is not necessary to add a diluting solvent.
- the adhesive composition becomes a coating solution using the polymerization solvent of the acrylic polymer as a diluting solvent.
- the haze value of the laminate including the first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 in this embodiment is preferably 1% or more, more preferably 5% or more, particularly 10% It is preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 20%, particularly preferably at least 30%. This makes it easier to more effectively prevent unnecessary images from being reflected on areas other than the projection screen 1.
- the haze value is preferably 80% or less, more preferably 60% or less, particularly preferably 50% or less, and even more preferably 40% or less. As a result, the light transmittance is improved, and the visibility of the projection screen 1 according to this embodiment is improved.
- the total light transmittance is preferably 60% or more, particularly preferably 70% or more, Furthermore, it is preferably 80% or more.
- the total light transmittance of each of the first light-scattering layer 11 and the second light-scattering layer 12 is 60% or more, visibility in the projection screen 1 according to the present embodiment becomes more excellent.
- the total light transmittance is preferably 100% or less, particularly preferably 98% or less, and even more preferably 95% or less.
- the total light transmittance of each of the first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 is 100% or less, it becomes easy to achieve the above haze value.
- the thickness of the first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 in this embodiment is preferably 1 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 120 ⁇ m, particularly 5 to 120 ⁇ m. It is preferably 60 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 30 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 11 to 20 ⁇ m, and most preferably 12 to 15 ⁇ m. Since the thicknesses of the first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 in this embodiment are within the above ranges, the effect of suppressing unnecessary reflection and excellent visibility can be achieved at a high level. It will be easier to balance both.
- the projection screen 1 may include members other than the light diffusion control layer 10, the first light scattering layer 11, and the second light scattering layer 12.
- the projection screen 1 may include at least one transparent base material.
- at least one of the first light-scattering layer 11 and the second light-scattering layer 12 is the above-mentioned adhesive layer, at least one side of the adhesive layer (especially the outermost side) It is preferable that transparent substrates are laminated.
- the transparent substrate examples include a plastic film, a plastic plate, a glass plate, and the like. Note that when a process sheet or a release sheet is used when forming the light diffusion control layer 10, the first light scattering layer 11, and the second light scattering layer 12, these can be used as the transparent base material. It's okay.
- plastic film examples include polyester films such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate, polyolefin films such as polyethylene film and polypropylene film, cellophane, diacetyl cellulose film, triacetyl cellulose film, acetyl cellulose butyrate film, Polyvinyl chloride film, polyvinylidene chloride film, polyvinyl alcohol film, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, polystyrene film, polycarbonate film, polymethylpentene film, polysulfone film, polyetheretherketone film, polyethersulfone film, Etherimide film, fluororesin film, polyamide film, acrylic resin film, polyurethane resin film, norbornene polymer film, cyclic olefin polymer film, cyclic conjugated diene polymer film, vinyl alicyclic hydrocarbon polymer film, etc. plastic films or laminated films thereof.
- the thickness of the plastic film is preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 15 to 150 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 20 to 100 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of handling properties, transparency, mechanical strength, etc. , more preferably 25 to 80 ⁇ m.
- the above-mentioned plastic plate is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an acrylic plate, a polycarbonate plate, and the like.
- the thickness of the plastic plate is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.2 to 10 mm, preferably 0.3 to 5 mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 3 mm.
- the above-mentioned glass plate is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include chemically strengthened glass, alkali-free glass, quartz glass, soda lime glass, barium/strontium containing glass, aluminosilicate glass, lead glass, borosilicate glass, barium borosilicate glass, etc. Examples include glass.
- the thickness of the glass plate is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.1 to 10 mm, preferably 0.15 to 5 mm, and more preferably 0.2 to 3 mm.
- the projection screen 1 may include a light-transmitting member.
- the light-transmitting member include transparent hard plates such as glass plates and plastic plates, as well as flexible transparent bodies such as plastic films. More specifically, examples include, but are limited to, show window glass; building glass such as window glass, exterior wall glass, and partition glass; glass installed at event venues; and window glass for various vehicles. It is not something that will be done.
- the haze value of the projection screen 1 according to the present embodiment is preferably 1% or more, more preferably 2% or more, particularly preferably 5% or more, and even more preferably 10%. It is preferable that it is above. This makes it easier to more effectively prevent unnecessary images from being reflected on areas other than the projection screen 1. Further, the haze value is preferably 80% or less, preferably 60% or less, particularly preferably 50% or less, and even more preferably 40% or less. This improves light transmittance and provides better visibility.
- the total light transmittance T.T of the projection screen 1 according to the present embodiment is preferably 60% or more and 100% or less. This makes it easier to achieve visibility and the haze value of the projection screen 1 described above. From this point of view, the total light transmittance T. It is preferably 85%.
- the parallel component P is preferably 1 to 99%, more preferably 10 to 80%, particularly preferably 40 to 60%, and even more preferably 45%. It is preferably 55%.
- the diffusion component Dif. is preferably from 1 to 99%, more preferably from 10 to 70%, particularly preferably from 20 to 40%, and even more preferably from the viewpoint of improving the visibility of the image projected on the screen. It is preferably 25 to 35%.
- Method for manufacturing a projection screen The method for manufacturing the projection screen 1 according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited. For example, after forming the light diffusion control layer 10, the first light scattering layer 11, and the second light scattering layer 12, , can be obtained by laminating the first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 such that the light diffusion control layer 10 is disposed between them.
- the light diffusion control layer 10 When the light diffusion control layer 10 is formed by laminating a process sheet or a release sheet, it may be laminated onto the first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 after peeling them off. Alternatively, they may be laminated on the first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 while remaining attached.
- the first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 is an adhesive layer
- a coating solution of the above-mentioned adhesive composition is applied to one side of the process sheet or the release surface of the release sheet. Then, heat treatment is performed to thermally crosslink the adhesive composition to form a coating layer. Then, by allowing a curing period as necessary, the coating layer can be used as an adhesive layer (light scattering layer).
- the projection screen 1 can be obtained by attaching the light scattering layer side surface of the resulting laminate of the process sheet or release sheet and the light scattering layer to one side of the light diffusion control layer 10. .
- the projection screen 1 according to the present embodiment can be used in the same way as a normal projection screen, and is particularly suitable for use as a transmissive projection screen.
- the projector When used as a transmission type projection screen, the projector is placed at a position on the opposite side of the projection screen 1 from the viewer. In this case, from the perspective of avoiding excessive light directed toward the viewer, the projector should be placed in a position that irradiates light diagonally to the projection screen (especially diagonally above or below the projection screen). is preferred.
- the light diffusion control layer 10 has the above-described louver structure as its regular internal structure
- the projection screen 1 according to the present embodiment when installed perpendicularly to the ground, the longitudinal direction of the plate-like area It is preferable to arrange the projection screen 1 so that the projection screen 1 extends in the horizontal direction. This makes it easier to effectively transmit light that is irradiated onto the projection screen 1 from an oblique direction toward the front.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of an example of a projection screen according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the projection screen 2 according to the present embodiment has a third light scattering layer 21 and a layer laminated on one side of the third light scattering layer 21, and has a relatively high refractive index in a region having a relatively low refractive index.
- the light diffusion control layer 20 has a regular internal structure including a plurality of regions.
- the projection screen 2 according to the present embodiment has a structure in which the light diffusion control layer 20 and the third light scattering layer 21 are laminated, so that the light projected from the projector is transmitted to areas other than the projection screen (for example, the ceiling). It is possible to suppress the formation of an image on objects (such as objects, floors, etc.). That is, according to the projection screen 2 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent unnecessary images from being reflected on the ceiling, floor, and the like.
- the thickness of the structure-unformed layer in which the regular internal structure is not formed, which is included in the light diffusion control layer 20, is 0 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less. In this way, since the light diffusion control layer 20 has no or almost no structure-unformed layer, the entire thickness direction of the light diffusion control layer 20 can exert its light diffusion control effect. . Thereby, the projection screen 2 according to this embodiment can display an image with less blur and high image sharpness.
- the unstructured layer is used.
- the thickness of the forming layer is preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the light diffusion control layer 20 in this embodiment has a regular internal structure including a plurality of regions with a relatively high refractive index in a region with a relatively low refractive index, and has a structure-free layer.
- the specific internal structure, composition, etc. are not limited as long as the above conditions regarding the thickness are satisfied.
- the light diffusion control layer 20 does not have a structure-free layer, or has a structure-free layer only at the thickness described above.
- Regular internal structure A preferred aspect of the regular internal structure of the light diffusion control layer 20 according to the second embodiment is as a preferable aspect of the regular internal structure of the light diffusion control layer 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the content is the same as described above.
- compositions of the light diffusion control layer 20 according to the second embodiment "(2-1) high refractive index component”, “(2-2) low refractive index component”, "( 2-3) Other components” and “(2-4) Preparation of composition for light diffusion control layer” are the same as those described above as preferred aspects of the composition of light diffusion control layer 10 according to the first embodiment. are the same.
- the light diffusion control layer 20 can be formed by a conventionally known method.
- the above-described composition for a light diffusion control layer is prepared and applied to one side of a process sheet or a release sheet (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "first process sheet” or “first release sheet”). , forming a coating film.
- Another process sheet or release sheet (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “second process sheet” or “second release sheet”) is pasted on the surface of the coating film opposite to the process sheet, and
- the light diffusion control layer 10 can be formed by preferably irradiating and curing the coating film with active energy rays through the first process sheet or the second process sheet.
- the coating film may be cured by irradiating the coating film with active energy rays in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the former method of forming the light diffusion control layer 20 is preferable from the viewpoint that it is easy to obtain the light diffusion control layer 20 having no or almost no structure-unformed layer.
- the coating method examples include knife coating, roll coating, bar coating, blade coating, die coating, and gravure coating. Further, the composition for a light diffusion control layer may be diluted with a solvent if necessary.
- the active energy rays refer to electromagnetic waves or charged particle beams that have energy quantum, and specifically include ultraviolet rays and electron beams.
- ultraviolet rays are particularly preferred because they are easy to handle.
- a linear light source is used as the light source of active energy rays, and the rays are applied randomly in the width direction (TD direction) and approximately parallel to the machine direction (MD direction) with respect to the surface of the laminate. Emits band-shaped (almost linear) light. Note that by adjusting the irradiation angle of the light, the inclination angle of the plate-like region formed within the louver structure can also be adjusted.
- the irradiation conditions are preferably such that the peak illuminance on the coating surface is 0.1 to 200 mW/cm 2 . Further, it is preferable that the cumulative amount of light on the surface of the coating film is 5 to 300 mJ/cm 2 . Further, the relative moving speed of the active energy ray light source with respect to the laminate is preferably 0.1 to 10 m/min.
- the thickness of the light diffusion control layer 20 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably 80 ⁇ m or more, and It is preferable that it is 85 ⁇ m or more. When the thickness of the light diffusion control layer 20 is 20 ⁇ m or more, desired light diffusion properties can be easily exhibited. Further, the thickness of the light diffusion control layer 20 is preferably 700 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 300 ⁇ m or less, further preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, and especially 150 ⁇ m or less. It is preferably at most 120 ⁇ m, most preferably at most 120 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the light diffusion control layer 20 is 700 ⁇ m or less, occurrence of dents and crushing can be easily suppressed. Moreover, by aiming for such a thickness, it is easy to obtain the light diffusion control layer 20 that does not have a structure-unformed layer or almost does not have a structure-unformed layer.
- the light diffusion control layer 20 has an unstructured layer (that is, when the thickness of the unstructured layer is more than 0 ⁇ m)
- the light diffusion control layer The upper limit of the ratio of the structure-free layer to 20% is preferably 20% or less, preferably 10% or less, preferably 5% or less, and preferably 1% or less. preferable. In this case, the lower limit of the ratio is greater than 0%.
- the structure and composition of the third light scattering layer 21 in this embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is a layer having light diffusing properties. From the viewpoint of easily achieving the desired light diffusivity and making it easier to manufacture the projection screen 2, it is preferable that the third light scattering layer 21 is a layer containing light diffusing fine particles. More preferably, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contains diffusing fine particles.
- the adhesive constituting the adhesive layer is not particularly limited as long as it does not interfere with the light diffusion effect of the light-diffusing fine particles, and is preferably transparent. Further, it is also preferable that the adhesive has sufficient adhesive strength to maintain the layer structure of the projection screen 2.
- Specific examples of the adhesive include acrylic adhesive, rubber adhesive, silicone adhesive, urethane adhesive, polyester adhesive, polyvinyl ether adhesive, and the like. Among these, it is preferable to use acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives from the viewpoint of easily exhibiting desired performance.
- the adhesive layer 21 is an adhesive layer made of an acrylic adhesive
- the adhesive layer is formed from an adhesive composition containing at least light-diffusing fine particles, an acrylic polymer, and a crosslinking agent. It is preferable that the
- Light-diffusing fine particles are not particularly limited, but preferable examples include inorganic fine particles, organic fine particles, and silicon-containing compounds having an intermediate structure between inorganic and organic, such as silicone resin.
- examples include silicone-based fine particles consisting of (for example, Tospear series manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials Japan), hybrid fine particles of organic resin and silicone resin, and the like.
- One type of light-diffusing fine particles may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- inorganic fine particles include metal oxides such as silica, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony oxide, and cerium oxide;
- metal oxides such as silica, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony oxide, and cerium oxide
- metal fluorides such as magnesium fluoride and sodium fluoride.
- metal oxides are preferred, titanium oxide or zinc oxide are particularly preferred, and titanium oxide is more preferred.
- the surface of the inorganic fine particles may be chemically modified with an organic compound or the like.
- the shape of the inorganic fine particles may be either a regular shape such as a perfect sphere or an amorphous shape, but an amorphous shape is preferable from the viewpoint of efficiently exhibiting light diffusivity with a small amount.
- the inorganic fine particles in this embodiment are preferably so-called nanoparticles.
- the average particle size of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 10 to 1000 nm, more preferably 50 to 700 nm, particularly preferably 100 to 500 nm, and even more preferably 200 to 300 nm. is preferred.
- the average particle size of the inorganic fine particles is within the above range, it becomes easier to achieve the desired light diffusivity, and it becomes easier to exhibit the ability to suppress unnecessary image reflection.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles is measured by a laser diffraction/scattering method.
- the refractive index of the inorganic fine particles in this embodiment is preferably 1.8 to 3, particularly preferably 2 to 2.8, and even more preferably 2.5 to 2.7.
- the refractive index of the inorganic fine particles is within the above range, it becomes easier to achieve the desired light diffusivity, and it becomes easier to exhibit the ability to suppress unnecessary image reflection.
- the refractive index of the light-diffusing fine particles can be measured, for example, by the following method. That is, a sample is prepared by placing fine particles on a slide glass, dropping a refractive index standard solution onto the fine particles, and covering the fine particles with a cover glass. The sample is observed with a microscope, and the refractive index of the refractive index standard solution at which the outline of the fine particles becomes most difficult to see is determined as the refractive index of the fine particles.
- organic fine particles examples include acrylic resins, polystyrene resins, polyethylene resins, epoxy resins, copolymers or mixtures thereof, and the like.
- the shape of the organic microparticles silicone microparticles, and hybrid microparticles, spherical microparticles with uniform light diffusion are preferred.
- the average particle diameter of these fine particles measured by centrifugal sedimentation light transmission method is preferably 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m. When the average particle diameter of the fine particles is within the above range, it becomes easier to achieve the desired light diffusivity, and it becomes easier to exhibit the ability to suppress unnecessary image reflection.
- the average particle diameter determined by the above centrifugal sedimentation light transmission method was determined by using a centrifugal automatic particle size distribution analyzer (manufactured by Horiba, Ltd., CAPA-700).
- the content of the light-diffusing fine particles in the adhesive composition is 0.01 to 5 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the acrylic polymer. parts by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 2 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1 parts by weight, and even more preferably 0.2 to 0.6 parts by weight. preferable.
- the content of the light-diffusing fine particles is within the above range, desired light-diffusing properties can be easily achieved, and the projection screen 2 according to the present embodiment has better visibility.
- Acrylic polymer The monomer units constituting the above acrylic polymer can be adjusted as appropriate from the viewpoint of transparency, adhesive strength, etc. It is preferable to contain a monomer having a reactive functional group (reactive functional group-containing monomer).
- (meth)acrylic acid means both acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. The same applies to other similar terms. Furthermore, the concept of "copolymer” is also included in “polymer”.
- the acrylic polymer can exhibit preferable adhesiveness by containing (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester as a monomer unit constituting the polymer.
- (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester a (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester in which the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched, or may have a cyclic structure.
- Examples of (meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters in which the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, and n-(meth)acrylate.
- Examples include n-dodecyl, myristyl (meth)acrylate, palmityl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, and adamantyl (meth)acrylate.
- methyl (meth)acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate are preferred from the viewpoint of the dispersibility of the light-diffusing fine particles described above and the ease with which the resulting light-scattering layer achieves the desired light-diffusing properties. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the above-mentioned acrylic polymer preferably contains 20 to 95% by mass, particularly preferably 40 to 90% by mass, of (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester as a monomer unit constituting the polymer, and further The content is preferably 60 to 85% by mass. Within these ranges, it becomes easier to achieve the desired adhesive strength.
- the above-mentioned acrylic polymer contains a reactive functional group-containing monomer as a monomer unit constituting the polymer, so that it can be bonded to the crosslinking agent described below via the reactive functional group derived from the reactive functional group-containing monomer. Reacts, thereby forming a crosslinked structure (three-dimensional network structure), resulting in an adhesive having the desired cohesive force.
- the above-mentioned reactive functional group-containing monomers include monomers having a hydroxy group in the molecule (hydroxy group-containing monomer), monomers having a carboxyl group in the molecule (carboxy group-containing monomer), and monomers having an amino group in the molecule (amino group-containing monomers), etc. are preferably mentioned. These reactive functional group-containing monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- hydroxy group-containing monomers and carboxy Group-containing monomers are preferable, and from the viewpoint of adhesive strength, it is preferable to use a hydroxy group-containing monomer and a carboxyl group-containing monomer in combination.
- hydroxy group-containing monomers examples include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, ( Examples include hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as 3-hydroxybutyl meth)acrylate and 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate.
- (meth)acrylic acid hydroxyalkyl esters having a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms Specifically, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, etc. are preferably mentioned, and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate or 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate is particularly preferably mentioned. It will be done. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- carboxy group-containing monomer examples include ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, and citraconic acid.
- acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are preferred from the viewpoint of the cohesive force of the resulting (meth)acrylic acid ester polymer (A). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the acrylic polymer preferably contains 0.1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 15% by mass of a reactive functional group-containing monomer as a monomer unit constituting the polymer. It is particularly preferable to contain 0.4 to 10% by mass. Within these ranges, the acrylic polymer tends to cause the desired crosslinking reaction with the crosslinking agent, and as a result, the resulting pressure-sensitive adhesive tends to have good cohesive force. Further, the dispersibility of the light-diffusing fine particles described above tends to be good, and the resulting light-scattering layer can easily achieve desired light-diffusing properties.
- the acrylic polymer in this embodiment may further contain other monomers as monomers constituting the polymer.
- the other monomers include dicyclopentanyl (meth)acrylate, adamantyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, dicyclopentenyl (meth)acrylate, and dicyclopentenyl (meth)acrylate.
- Alicyclic structure-containing (meth)acrylic esters such as oxyethyl; (meth)acrylic acid alkoxyalkyl esters such as methoxyethyl (meth)acrylate and ethoxyethyl (meth)acrylate; non-crosslinked acrylamide, methacrylamide, etc.
- acrylamide (meth)acrylic acid ester having a non-crosslinkable tertiary amino group such as N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate and N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate; vinyl acetate ; Examples include styrene. Among these, vinyl acetate is preferred from the viewpoint of the cohesive force of the resulting (meth)acrylic acid ester polymer (A). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the acrylic polymer preferably contains 1 to 30% by mass, particularly preferably 10 to 25% by mass, and more preferably 15 to 20% by mass of other monomers as monomer units constituting the polymer. % is preferable.
- the resulting adhesive tends to have good cohesive force.
- the dispersibility of the light-diffusing fine particles described above tends to be good, and the resulting light-scattering layer can easily achieve desired light-diffusing properties.
- the polymerization mode of the acrylic polymer in this embodiment may be a random polymer or a block polymer.
- the acrylic polymer can be obtained by polymerizing each of the above-mentioned monomers by a conventional method.
- it can be prepared by polymerization using an emulsion polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a bulk polymerization method, an aqueous solution polymerization method, or the like.
- the weight average molecular weight of the acrylic polymer is preferably 100,000 to 5,000,000, more preferably 200,000 to 2,000,000, particularly preferably 500,000 to 1,500,000, and even more preferably 700,000 to 1,500,000. Preferably, it is 1 million.
- the acrylic polymer has good dispersibility of the above-mentioned light-diffusing fine particles, and the resulting pressure-sensitive adhesive can easily exhibit desired adhesive performance and optical performance.
- the adhesive composition according to the present embodiment may contain one kind of the above-mentioned acrylic polymer, or may contain two or more kinds of the above-mentioned acrylic polymer. Moreover, the adhesive composition according to this embodiment may contain another acrylic polymer in addition to the above-mentioned acrylic polymer.
- crosslinking agent for the third light scattering layer 21 in the second embodiment the crosslinking agent for the first light scattering layer 11 and the second light scattering layer 12 in the first embodiment is This is the same as explained in the item "(3) Crosslinking agent".
- the thickness of the third light scattering layer 21 in this embodiment is preferably 1 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 120 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 5 to 60 ⁇ m, More preferably, it is 10 to 30 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 11 to 20 ⁇ m, and most preferably 12 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the third light scattering layer 21 in this embodiment is within the above range, it becomes easy to achieve both the effect of suppressing unnecessary reflection and excellent visibility at a high level.
- the projection screen 2 may include members other than the light diffusion control layer 20 and the third light scattering layer 21.
- the projection screen 2 may include at least one transparent base material.
- the third light scattering layer 21 is the above-mentioned adhesive layer, it is preferable that a transparent base material is laminated on at least one side of the adhesive layer (particularly, the surface that is the outermost layer). .
- the projection screen 2 may include a light-transmitting member, and preferred aspects of the light-transmitting member are also explained in item “3.
- Method for manufacturing a projection screen The method for manufacturing the projection screen 2 according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited. For example, after forming the light diffusion control layer 20 and the third light scattering layer 21, the third light scattering layer 21 This can be obtained by laminating the light diffusion control layer 20 and the light diffusion control layer 20.
- composition for light diffusion control layer 40 mass of polyether urethane methacrylate having a weight average molecular weight of 9,900 obtained by reacting polypropylene glycol, isophorone diisocyanate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate as a low refractive index component (solid content equivalent; the same applies hereinafter), 60 parts by mass of o-phenylphenoxyethoxyethyl acrylate with a molecular weight of 268 as a high refractive index component and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1 as a photopolymerization initiator. After adding 8 parts by mass of -phenylpropan-1-one, heating and mixing were performed at 80° C. to obtain a composition for a light diffusion control layer.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) mentioned above is the weight average molecular weight in terms of standard polystyrene measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following conditions (GPC measurement).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- ⁇ Measurement conditions> ⁇ Measuring device: Tosoh Corporation, HLC-8320 ⁇ GPC column (passed in the following order): TSK gel superH-H manufactured by Tosoh Corporation TSK gel superHM-H TSK gel superH2000 ⁇ Measurement solvent: Tetrahydrofuran ⁇ Measurement temperature: 40°C
- composition for light diffusion control layer was formed into a long polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., product name "Cosmoshine A4100", thickness: 50 ⁇ m; hereinafter, "first PET film”). (50)”) to form a coating film with a thickness of 165 ⁇ m. Thereby, a laminate consisting of the coating film and the first PET film (50) was obtained.
- the obtained laminate was placed on a conveyor.
- the surface on the coating film side of the laminate was placed on the upper side, and the longitudinal direction of the first PET film (50) was made to be parallel to the flow direction of the conveyor.
- an ultraviolet irradiation device manufactured by I-Graphics, product name "ECS-4011GX" consisting of a linear high-pressure mercury lamp and a cold mirror for focusing was installed on the conveyor on which the laminate was placed. .
- This device can irradiate a target with ultraviolet rays that are focused in a band shape (almost a linear shape).
- the above-mentioned ultraviolet irradiation apparatus was installed so that the longitudinal direction of the above-mentioned high-pressure mercury lamp and the flow direction of the conveyor were perpendicular to each other.
- the irradiation angle of the ultraviolet rays irradiated from the high-pressure mercury lamp to the laminate was set to be 33° with respect to the normal to the surface of the laminate.
- the irradiation angle here refers to the position directly below the high-pressure mercury lamp in the laminate, and when irradiating ultraviolet rays toward the downstream side of the flow of the conveyor, the irradiation angle is the angle between the normal to the surface of the laminate and the UV rays. If the ultraviolet rays are irradiated toward the upstream side of the flow of the conveyor, the acute angle between the normal to the surface of the laminate and the ultraviolet rays is written as a minus sign. shall be described.
- ultraviolet rays were applied to the coating surface under the conditions of a peak illuminance of 2.5 mW/cm 2 and an integrated light amount of 40.0 mJ/cm 2 .
- the coating film in the laminate was cured by irradiation (this curing may be conveniently referred to as "primary curing").
- a polyethylene terephthalate film manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, product name: "PET38T600EW07", thickness: 38 ⁇ m, hereinafter referred to as "second PET"
- second PET a polyethylene terephthalate film having an easily adhesive surface on one side
- the coating film in the laminate was cured by irradiating it with ultraviolet rays (scattered light) under the conditions of a peak illuminance of 190 mW/cm 2 and an integrated light amount of 180 mJ/cm 2 (the curing is conveniently referred to as "secondary"). (sometimes referred to as "hardening”).
- the above-mentioned peak illuminance and cumulative light intensity were measured by installing a UV METER (manufactured by Eye Graphics, product name: ⁇ Eye Ultraviolet Integrated Illuminance Meter UVPF-A1'') equipped with a receiver at the position of the above-mentioned coating film. It is something.
- the above-mentioned coating film was sufficiently cured to become a light diffusion control layer.
- a laminate was obtained in which the first PET film (50), the 165 ⁇ m thick light diffusion control layer, and the second PET film (38) were laminated in this order.
- the thickness of the light diffusion control layer was measured using a constant pressure thickness measuring device (manufactured by Takara Seisakusho Co., Ltd., product name: "Techlock PG-02J").
- first light scattering layer and the second light scattering layer 67.2 parts by mass of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 5 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate, 8 parts by mass of methacrylic acid, and 18 parts by mass of vinyl acetate. , 0.4 parts by mass of acrylic acid and 1.4 parts by mass of 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate were polymerized by a solution polymerization method to obtain an acrylic copolymer. The weight average molecular weight of the acrylic copolymer was measured using the method described above and was found to be 820,000.
- PET film for outermost layer a polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, product name “PET38T600EW07”, thickness: 38 ⁇ m, hereinafter sometimes referred to as "PET film for outermost layer”), which has an easily adhesive surface on one side, was tested for easy adhesion.
- a coating solution of the adhesive composition obtained as described above is applied to the surface and dried by heating to form an adhesive layer (light scattering layer) with a thickness of 13 ⁇ m on the polyethylene terephthalate film.
- a laminate was obtained.
- Two such laminates are produced, one of which is a laminate of a first light scattering layer and a PET film for the outermost layer, and the other is a laminate of a second light scattering layer and a PET film for an outermost layer. did.
- step 2 The surface of the second PET film (38) side of the laminate obtained in step 3 above is The surface of the first light-scattering layer side of the laminate of the first light-scattering layer and the outermost PET film obtained in step 1 was attached. Furthermore, the above step 3. The surface on the second light scattering layer side of the laminate of the second light scattering layer and the outermost PET film obtained in step 1 was attached.
- the PET film for the outermost layer, the first light scattering layer, the second PET film (38), the light diffusion control layer, the first PET film (50), and the second light scattering layer and a PET film for the outermost layer were laminated in this order to obtain a projection screen.
- Example 1-1 Formation of third light scattering layer Step 3 of Example 1-1. 100 parts by mass of an acrylic polymer obtained in the same manner as above, 0.47 parts by mass of hexamethylene diisocyanate nurate (manufactured by Toyochem Co., Ltd., product name "BXX6105") as a crosslinking agent, and titanium oxide as light-diffusing fine particles. 1.0 parts by mass of fine particles (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., product name "R-62N", average particle size: 0.26 ⁇ m, refractive index: 2.7) are mixed in a solvent, and the adhesive composition is applied. A liquid (solid content concentration 28.4% by mass) was obtained.
- the adhesive surface of a polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, product name "PET38T600EW07", thickness: 38 ⁇ m, PET film for outermost layer), which has an easily adhesive surface on one side, was treated as described above.
- a coating solution of the obtained adhesive composition was applied and dried by heating to obtain a laminate in which a 13 ⁇ m thick adhesive layer was formed on the polyethylene terephthalate film.
- the adhesive layer will be referred to as a third light-scattering layer.
- Step 3 of Example 1-1 100 parts by mass of the acrylic polymer obtained in the same manner as above and 0.47 parts by mass of hexamethylene diisocyanate nurate (manufactured by Toyochem Co., Ltd., product name "BXX6105") as a crosslinking agent were mixed in a solvent, and adhesive was obtained. A coating solution (solid content concentration: 28.4% by mass) of the agent composition was obtained.
- the adhesive layer does not contain light-diffusing fine particles and is transparent.
- this adhesive layer will be referred to as a transparent adhesive layer.
- step 2 is applied to the surface of the laminate facing the first PET film (50).
- the surface on the transparent adhesive layer side of the laminate of the transparent adhesive layer and the PET film for the outermost layer obtained in step 1 was attached.
- the surface of the second PET film (38) in the laminate thus obtained is applied in step 1 above.
- the surface on the third light scattering layer side of the laminate of the third light scattering layer and the outermost PET film obtained in step 1 was attached.
- the outermost PET film, the transparent adhesive layer, the first PET film (50), the light diffusion control layer, the second PET film (38), and the third light scattering layer A projection screen was obtained in which the PET film for the outermost layer was laminated in order.
- Example 1-2 Step 2 of Example 1-1.
- a laminate was obtained in which a first PET film (50), a 165 ⁇ m thick light diffusion control layer, and a second PET film (38) were laminated in this order.
- step 2 of Comparative Example 1-1 In the same manner as above, two laminates of a transparent adhesive layer and a PET film for the outermost layer were obtained.
- the surface of the laminate including the transparent adhesive layer on the transparent adhesive layer side was attached to the surface of the laminate including the light diffusion control layer on the first PET film (50) side. Furthermore, the surface of the laminate including the other transparent adhesive layer on the transparent adhesive layer side was attached to the surface of the second PET film (38) in the laminate thus obtained.
- the PET film for the outermost layer, the transparent adhesive layer, the first PET film (50), the light diffusion control layer, the second PET film (38), the transparent adhesive layer, and the outermost layer A projection screen was obtained in which the PET films were laminated in order.
- Step 3 of Example 1-1 A coating liquid of an adhesive composition was obtained in the same manner as above.
- the coating solution was applied to the release surface of a release sheet (manufactured by Lintec, product name: "SP-PET382150") consisting of a 38 ⁇ m polyethylene terephthalate film with a silicone release agent layer formed on one side, and heated. By drying, a laminate in which a 13 ⁇ m thick adhesive layer (light scattering layer) was formed on the release sheet was obtained. Another laminate was produced to obtain a total of two laminates.
- the light-scattering layer formed as described above has the same composition (in particular, the same content of light-diffusing fine particles) as the first light-scattering layer and the second light-scattering layer produced in Example 1-1. It has become.
- the light scattering layer according to Reference Example 1-1 will be referred to as "light scattering layer A”.
- the surface on the light scattering layer A side was attached to a float glass plate measuring 7 cm x 15 cm and 2 mm thick. Subsequently, the release sheet was peeled off from the light-scattering layer A side, and the light-scattering layer A-side surface of another laminate was bonded to the exposed surface of the light-scattering layer A.
- Step 1 of Comparative Example 1-1 A coating liquid of an adhesive composition was obtained in the same manner as above.
- the coating solution was applied to the release surface of a release sheet (manufactured by Lintec, product name: "SP-PET382150") consisting of a 38 ⁇ m polyethylene terephthalate film with a silicone release agent layer formed on one side, and heated. By drying, a laminate in which a 13 ⁇ m thick adhesive layer (light scattering layer) was formed on the release sheet was obtained.
- the light scattering layer formed as described above has the same composition (especially the same content of optical particles) as the third light scattering layer produced in Comparative Example 1-1.
- the light scattering layer according to Reference Example 1-2 will be referred to as "light scattering layer B".
- the surface of the laminate obtained above on the light scattering layer B side was attached to a float glass plate measuring 7 cm x 15 cm and 2 mm thick. As a result, a measurement sample according to Reference Example 1-2 was obtained, in which the release sheet, light scattering layer B, and glass plate were laminated.
- the haze value of the light scattering layer A (two layers) was equivalent to the haze value of the light scattering layer B (one layer). From this, when only the light scattering layers included in the projection screens of Example 1-1 and Comparative Example 1-1 are taken out and compared, it can be said that the light diffusivity is the same.
- first PET film (50) side surface the surface on the first PET film (50) side
- second PET film (38) side surface the second PET film (38) side surface
- Table 2 also shows the total light transmittance T. which was measured along with the haze value (%). T (%), parallel component P. The ratio (%) of T and the diffusion component Dif. The percentage (%) is also shown.
- Example 1-1 In Test Example 1-1, in which only the light scattering layer was compared, although Reference Example 1-1 and Reference Example 1-2 showed the same haze value (Table 1), the light scattering layer was the same as that of these examples.
- Example 1-1 In the projection screens according to Example 1-1 and Comparative Example 1-1, each of which has a scattering layer, Example 1-1 had a higher haze value. Such a difference is presumed to be due to the fact that in Example 1-1, two light scattering layers were arranged separately on both sides of the light diffusion control layer.
- the projection screen according to Comparative Example 1-2 had a haze value significantly lower than that of Example 1-1 and Comparative Example 1-1. This is presumed to reflect the fact that Comparative Example 1-2 did not have a light scattering layer.
- a light beam is irradiated from the C light source on the standard reflector included with the angle-of-angle colorimeter so that the angle with the normal direction of the reflective surface is 45°, and the standard reflector is The amount of light rays reflected in the front direction (direction perpendicular to the reflective surface) was measured and used as a reference value.
- C was adjusted so that an angle of 45° with respect to a point (incidence point) on the side surface of the first PET film (50) in the projection screens manufactured in Examples and Comparative Examples with the normal direction of the surface.
- a light beam was emitted from a light source.
- the light beam was irradiated so that its optical path was parallel to the flow direction at the time of manufacturing the light diffusion control layer, and was irradiated so that it was incident on the incident point from the upstream side of the flow direction. In this case, the light beam passes through the incident light diffusion angle region of the light diffusion control layer and enters from the incident point.
- the transmitted light generated from the side surface of the second PET film (38) in the projection screen was measured using the above-mentioned variable angle colorimeter.
- the emission angle range from -60° to 60°
- intensity of each light ray traveling parallel to the flow direction at the time of manufacturing the light diffusion control layer were determined. It was measured.
- Figure 2 In the graph shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents the emission angle (°), and the vertical axis represents the intensity of the light beam (ratio to the above-mentioned reference value; %).
- the incident angle of the light beam from the C light source was changed to 60° (the irradiation angle to the standard reflector was also changed to 60°), and the surface irradiated with the light beam was changed to the side of the second PET film (38).
- the diffusion angle characteristics of the transmitted light were measured, and the integrated value (%) of the intensity of the light beam with an emission angle of ⁇ 5° to 5° was calculated. The respective results are shown in FIG. 5 and Table 2.
- composition for light diffusion control layer 40 mass of polyether urethane methacrylate having a weight average molecular weight of 9,900 obtained by reacting polypropylene glycol, isophorone diisocyanate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate as a low refractive index component (solid content equivalent; the same applies hereinafter), 60 parts by mass of o-phenylphenoxyethoxyethyl acrylate with a molecular weight of 268 as a high refractive index component and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1 as a photopolymerization initiator. After adding 8 parts by mass of -phenylpropan-1-one, heating and mixing were performed at 80° C. to obtain a composition for a light diffusion control layer.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) mentioned above is the weight average molecular weight in terms of standard polystyrene measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following conditions (GPC measurement).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- ⁇ Measurement conditions> ⁇ Measuring device: Tosoh Corporation, HLC-8320 ⁇ GPC column (passed in the following order): TSK gel superH-H manufactured by Tosoh Corporation TSK gel superHM-H TSK gel superH2000 ⁇ Measurement solvent: Tetrahydrofuran ⁇ Measurement temperature: 40°C
- the obtained composition for light diffusion control layer was applied to a release sheet (manufactured by Lintec, product name: "SP-PET381130", thickness: 38 ⁇ m (sometimes referred to as “first release sheet”)) to form a coating film with a thickness of about 90 ⁇ m. Thereby, a laminate consisting of the coating film and the first release sheet was obtained.
- a release sheet manufactured by Lintec, product name "SP-PET381130", thickness: 38 ⁇ m, "No. 2 is laminated to obtain a laminate in which the first release sheet, the light diffusion control layer, and the second release sheet are laminated in this order. Ta.
- the obtained laminate was placed on a conveyor.
- the surface of the second release sheet in the laminate was on the upper side, and the longitudinal direction of the first release sheet and the second release sheet was parallel to the flow direction of the conveyor.
- an ultraviolet irradiation device manufactured by I-Graphics, product name "ECS-4011GX" consisting of a linear high-pressure mercury lamp and a cold mirror for focusing was installed on the conveyor on which the laminate was placed. .
- This device can irradiate a target with ultraviolet rays that are focused in a band shape (almost a linear shape).
- the above-mentioned ultraviolet irradiation apparatus was installed so that the longitudinal direction of the above-mentioned high-pressure mercury lamp and the flow direction of the conveyor were perpendicular to each other.
- the irradiation angle of the ultraviolet rays irradiated from the high-pressure mercury lamp to the laminate was set to be 33° with respect to the normal to the surface of the laminate.
- the irradiation angle here refers to the position directly below the high-pressure mercury lamp in the laminate, and when irradiating ultraviolet rays toward the downstream side of the flow of the conveyor, the irradiation angle is the angle between the normal to the surface of the laminate and the UV rays. If the ultraviolet rays are irradiated toward the upstream side of the flow of the conveyor, the acute angle between the normal to the surface of the laminate and the ultraviolet rays is written as a minus sign. shall be described.
- UV METER manufactured by Eye Graphics, product name: ⁇ Eye Ultraviolet Integrated Illuminance Meter UVPF-A1''
- UV METER manufactured by Eye Graphics, product name: ⁇ Eye Ultraviolet Integrated Illuminance Meter UVPF-A1''
- the above-mentioned coating film was sufficiently cured to become a light diffusion control layer. Thereby, a laminate in which the first release sheet, the light diffusion control layer, and the second release sheet were laminated in this order was obtained.
- first PET film a polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, product name "Diafoil T600E", thickness: 38 ⁇ m, hereinafter sometimes referred to as "first PET film"), which has easily adhesive surfaces on both sides, was prepared.
- a coating solution of the adhesive composition obtained as described above is applied to the easily adhesive surface and dried by heating to form a 13 ⁇ m thick adhesive layer (light scattering layer) on the first PET film.
- a laminate was obtained in which a layer) was formed.
- a polyethylene terephthalate film manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, product name "Diafoil T600E", thickness: 38 ⁇ m, hereinafter sometimes referred to as "second PET film" having easily adhesive surfaces on both sides was prepared.
- a coating solution of the adhesive composition obtained as described above is applied to the easily adhesive surface and dried by heating to form a transparent adhesive layer with a thickness of 15 ⁇ m on the second PET film.
- a laminate was obtained.
- step 2 Formation of projection screen Above step 2.
- the second release sheet in the laminate obtained in step 3 is peeled off, and the exposed surface of the light diffusion control layer is subjected to the step 3.
- the surface on the light scattering layer side of the laminate of the light scattering layer and the first PET film obtained in step 1 was attached.
- the first release sheet in the laminate thus obtained is peeled off, and the exposed surface of the light diffusion control layer is exposed to the exposed surface of the above-mentioned step 4.
- the surface on the transparent adhesive layer side of the laminate of the transparent adhesive layer and the second PET film obtained in step 1 was attached.
- a projection screen was obtained in which the first PET film, the light scattering layer, the light diffusion control layer, the transparent adhesive layer, and the second PET film were laminated in this order.
- Example 2-1 The composition for a light diffusion control layer obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1 was applied to a release sheet (manufactured by Lintec, product name: "SP-PET381130", in which one side of a polyethylene terephthalate film was subjected to release treatment with a silicone release agent). Thickness: 38 ⁇ m (sometimes referred to as "first release sheet”) was coated on the release surface of the sheet to form a coating film with a thickness of about 160 ⁇ m. Thereby, a laminate consisting of the coating film and the first release sheet was obtained.
- the obtained laminate was placed on a conveyor.
- the ultraviolet irradiation device installed in the same manner as in Example 1 was operated, and ultraviolet rays were irradiated under the same conditions as in Example 1 to perform primary curing.
- the surface of the laminate facing the coating film was irradiated with ultraviolet rays.
- a release sheet manufactured by Lintec, product name: "SP-PET381130", thickness: 38 ⁇ m, "Second Release Sheet", made by peeling-treated polyethylene terephthalate film on one side with a silicone release agent
- release Sheet After laminating the release surfaces of the sheets (sometimes referred to as "Release Sheet"), secondary curing was performed by irradiating ultraviolet rays under the same conditions as in Example 1. In addition, in the irradiation, the coating film was irradiated with ultraviolet rays through the second release sheet.
- the above-mentioned coating film was sufficiently cured to become a light diffusion control layer.
- a laminate in which the first release sheet, the light diffusion control layer, and the second release sheet were laminated in this order was obtained.
- a projection screen was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the laminate was used.
- Example 2-1 (Observation of cross section of light diffusion control layer)
- the laminates including the light diffusion control layer prepared in Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-1 were cut using a slicer (manufactured by Jusco Engineering Co., Ltd., product name "Variable Angle Slicer HW-1"), and the sections were cut. Obtained.
- FIG. 7 (A) is a cross-sectional view of Example 2-1, and (B) is a cross-sectional view of Comparative Example 2-1.
- the region indicated by “a” is a structure-formed layer in which a regular internal structure is formed, and the region indicated by "b” is a structure-unformed layer in which a regular internal structure is not formed.
- a plurality of plate-like high refractive regions were arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals inside the light diffusion control layer. It was confirmed that a louver structure was formed.
- the acute angle between the main surface of the louver structure and the normal to the light diffusion control layer was approximately 21°.
- the surface of the first PET film side of the projection screens produced in Examples and Comparative Examples was attached to one surface of an alkali-free glass plate (thickness: 1.1 mm) to obtain a laminate.
- the laminate was installed in the variable angle haze meter so that the distance from the integrating sphere opening to the measurement light arrival position was 62 mm, and the alkali-free glass side faced the light source.
- the change in haze value (%) was measured by rotating the longitudinal direction of the projection screen (transfer direction at the time of manufacture) with the width direction of the projection screen at the above-mentioned reached position as the rotation axis.
- Example 2-3 Evaluation of image sharpness
- a printed film was produced by printing a test pattern on one side of a 100 ⁇ m thick polyethylene terephthalate film using an inkjet printer.
- a projection screen was produced in the same manner as in Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-1, except that the printed film was replaced with a second PET film and a transparent adhesive layer was further used. Note that the projection screen was prepared so that the printed surface of the printed film was in contact with the transparent adhesive layer.
- a mirror was attached to the printed film side of the obtained projection screen via a transparent adhesive layer.
- the mirror was formed by vapor-depositing aluminum on one side of a glass plate, and the mirrors were laminated so that the vapor-deposited surface was in contact with the transparent adhesive layer.
- the transparent adhesive layer was formed in the same manner as the transparent adhesive layer included in the projection screen of Example 2-1 described above.
- test sample obtained as described above is irradiated with light from the first PET film side, and the light reflected by the mirror in the test sample is observed using a digital microscope (manufactured by Keyence Corporation, product name "VHX-1000"). Photographed using. The results are shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, (A) is an image of Example 2-1, and (B) is an image of Comparative Example 2-1.
- Example 2-1 As can be seen from the photographed image, black areas corresponding to printed areas on the printing film and white areas corresponding to non-printed areas were observed. In the image of Example 2-1, the boundary between the white part and the black part was clearer than that of Comparative Example 2-1.
- the brightness and darkness gradation at the position of the white dashed line marked with the symbol C is expressed in a graph in which the horizontal axis represents the pixel position and the vertical axis represents the pixel gradation.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- the width (pixels) of each of the two bright parts was counted, and the results are shown in Table 5, with the gradation level of 150 or higher being defined as the bright part. Table 5 also shows the average values of these widths.
- Example 2-4 (Visual evaluation) Light was projected obliquely from a projector onto the projection screens prepared in Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-1, and an image was displayed on the opposite surface to the projected surface. The clarity of the image was then visually confirmed. As a result, it was confirmed that images were displayed more clearly on the projection screen of Example 2-1.
- the projection screen of the present invention is suitably used as a transmission type projection screen that is required to be free from unnecessary image reflection.
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明の第一の実施形態について説明する。
図1には、本発明の第一の実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーンの一例の断面図が示される。本実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーン1は、第一の光散乱層11と、第一の光散乱層11の片面側に積層された、屈折率が相対的に低い領域中に屈折率が相対的に高い複数の領域を備えた規則的内部構造を有する光拡散制御層10と、光拡散制御層10における第一の光散乱層11とは反対の面側に積層された、第二の光散乱層12とを備えている。
本実施形態における光拡散制御層10は、屈折率が相対的に低い領域中に屈折率が相対的に高い複数の領域を備えた規則的内部構造を有するものである限り、その具体的な内部構造や組成等は限定されない。
上述した規則的内部構造とは、屈折率が相対的に低い領域中に、複数の屈折率が相対的に高い領域が所定の規則性をもって配置されてなる内部構造をいうものである。例えば、光拡散制御層10の表面と平行な平面で切断した光拡散制御層10の断面をみた場合に、屈折率が相対的に低い領域中に、屈折率が相対的に高い領域が、上記断面内の少なくとも1方向に沿って、同程度のピッチをもって繰り返して配置されてなる内部構造を指す。そして、ここにおける規則的内部構造は、屈折率が相対的に高い領域が光拡散制御層10の厚さ方向に延在してなるものである点で、一方の相が他方の相中に明確な規則性なく存在してなる相分離構造や、海成分中にほぼ球状の島成分が存在してなる海島構造とは区別されるものである。
本実施形態における光拡散制御層10の組成は、上述したような規則的内部構造を形成し易いという観点から、高屈折率成分と、当該高屈折率成分よりも低い屈折率を有する低屈折率成分とを含有する光拡散制御層用組成物を硬化させたものであることが好ましい。特に、高屈折率成分および低屈折率成分は、それぞれ、1個または2個の重合性官能基を有するものであることが好ましい。
上記高屈折率成分の好ましい例としては、芳香環を含有する(メタ)アクリル酸エステルが挙げられ、特に複数の芳香環を含有する(メタ)アクリル酸エステルが好ましく挙げられる。複数の芳香環を含有する(メタ)アクリル酸エステルの例としては、(メタ)アクリル酸ビフェニル、(メタ)アクリル酸ナフチル、(メタ)アクリル酸アントラシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ベンジルフェニル、(メタ)アクリル酸ビフェニルオキシアルキル、(メタ)アクリル酸ナフチルオキシアルキル、(メタ)アクリル酸アントラシルオキシアルキル、(メタ)アクリル酸ベンジルフェニルオキシアルキル等、これらの一部がハロゲン、アルキル、アルコキシ、ハロゲン化アルキル等によって置換されたもの等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、良好な規則的内部構造を形成し易いという観点から、(メタ)アクリル酸ビフェニルが好ましく、具体的には、o-フェニルフェノキシエチルアクリレート、o-フェニルフェノキシエトキシエチルアクリレート等が好ましい。なお、本明細書において、(メタ)アクリル酸とは、アクリル酸及びメタクリル酸の両方を意味する。他の類似用語も同様である。
上記低屈折率成分の好ましい例としては、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート、側鎖に(メタ)アクリロイル基を有する(メタ)アクリル系ポリマー、(メタ)アクリロイル基含有シリコーン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂等が挙げられるが、特にウレタン(メタ)アクリレートを使用することが好ましい。
前述した光拡散制御層用組成物は、高屈折率成分および低屈折率成分以外に、その他の添加剤を含有してもよい。その他の添加剤としては、例えば、多官能性モノマー(重合性官能基を3つ以上有する化合物)、光重合開始剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、帯電防止剤、重合促進剤、重合禁止剤、赤外線吸収剤、可塑剤、希釈溶剤、およびレベリング剤等が挙げられる。
光拡散制御層用組成物は、前述した高屈折率成分および低屈折率成分、ならびに、所望により光重合開始剤等のその他の添加剤を均一に混合することで調整することができる。
光拡散制御層10の形成方法としては、特に限定されず、従来公知の方法によって形成することができる。例えば、前述した光拡散制御層用組成物を調製し、これを工程シートの片面に、塗布し、塗膜を形成する。好ましくは上記塗膜に対して活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させることにより、光拡散制御層10を形成することができる。また、上記活性エネルギー線照射の前または後に、上記塗膜における工程シートとは反対側の面に、剥離シートの片面(特に剥離面)を貼合し、工程シートまたは剥離シート越しに、上記塗膜に対して活性エネルギー線を照射し、当該塗膜を硬化させてもよい。
光拡散制御層10の厚さは、20μm以上であることが好ましく、50μm以上であることがより好ましく、特に80μm以上であることが好ましく、さらには120μm以上であることが好ましい。光拡散制御層10の厚さが20μm以上であることで、所望の光拡散性を発揮し易いものとなる。また、光拡散制御層10の厚さは、700μm以下であることが好ましく、500μm以下であることがより好ましく、特に300μm以下であることが好ましく、さらには200μm以下であることが好ましい。光拡散制御層10の厚さが700μm以下であることで、打痕や潰れの発生を抑制し易いものとなる。
本実施形態における第一の光散乱層11および第二の光散乱層12は、それぞれ、光拡散性を有する層である限り、構成や組成は特に限定されない。所望の光拡散性を達成し易く、且つ、プロジェクションスクリーン1の製造がより容易となるという観点からは、第一の光散乱層11および第二の光散乱層12の少なくとも一方は、光拡散微粒子を含有する層であることが好ましく、光拡散微粒子を含有する粘着剤層であることがより好ましい。特に、本実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーン1では、第一の光散乱層11および第二の光散乱層12の両方が、光拡散微粒子を含有する粘着剤層であることが好ましい。
上記光拡散微粒子としては、特に限定されないものの、好ましい例としては、無機系微粒子、有機系微粒子、シリコーン樹脂のような、無機と有機の中間的な構造を有するケイ素含有化合物からなるシリコーン系微粒子(例えばモメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ・ジャパン社製のトスパールシリーズ)、有機系樹脂とシリコーン樹脂とのハイブリッドの微粒子などが挙げられる。光拡散微粒子は、1種を単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
上記アクリル系重合体を構成するモノマー単位は、透明性や粘着力等の観点から適宜調整することができるものの、特に、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルと、分子内に反応性官能基を有するモノマー(反応性官能基含有モノマー)とを含有することが好ましい。なお、本明細書において、(メタ)アクリル酸とは、アクリル酸及びメタクリル酸の両方を意味する。他の類似用語も同様である。さらに、「重合体」には「共重合体」の概念も含まれるものとする。
架橋剤は、粘着剤組成物の加熱により、上述したアクリル系重合体を架橋し、三次元網目構造を良好に形成することが可能となる。これにより、得られる粘着剤の凝集力がより向上する。
粘着剤組成物には、所望により、アクリル系粘着剤に通常使用されている各種添加剤、例えばシランカップリング剤、防錆剤、紫外線吸収剤、粘着付与剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、軟化剤、屈折率調整剤などを添加することができる。なお、後述の重合溶媒や希釈溶剤は、粘着剤組成物を構成する添加剤に含まれないものとする。
粘着剤組成物は、アクリル系重合体を調製し、得られたアクリル系重合体と、光拡散微粒子と、架橋剤とを混合するとともに、所望により、添加剤等を加えることで調製することができる。
本実施形態における第一の光散乱層11および第二の光散乱層12を含む積層体のヘイズ値は、1%以上であることが好ましく、5%以上であることがより好ましく、特に10%以上であることが好ましく、さらには20%以上であることが好ましく、中でも30%以上であることが好ましい。これにより、プロジェクションスクリーン1以外における不要な画像の映り込みをより効果的に抑止し易くなる。また、当該ヘイズ値は、80%以下であることが好ましく、60%以下であることがより好ましく、特に50%以下であることが好ましく、さらには40%以下であることが好ましい。これにより、光の透過性が向上し、本実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーン1における視認性がより優れたものとなる。
本実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーン1は、光拡散制御層10、第一の光散乱層11および第二の光散乱層12以外の部材を備えていてもよい。例えば、プロジェクションスクリーン1は、少なくとも一層の透明基材を備えていてもよい。特に、第一の光散乱層11および第二の光散乱層12の少なくとも一方が前述した粘着剤層である場合には、当該粘着剤層の少なくとも片面(特に、最外層側となる面)に透明基材が積層されていることが好ましい。
本実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーン1のヘイズ値は、1%以上であることが好ましく、2%以上であることがより好ましく、特に5%以上であることが好ましく、さらには10%以上であることが好ましい。これにより、プロジェクションスクリーン1以外における不要な画像の映り込みをより効果的に抑止し易くなる。また、当該ヘイズ値は、80%以下であることが好ましく、60%以下であることが好ましく、特に50%以下であることが好ましく、さらには40%以下であることが好ましい。これにより、光の透過性が向上し、視認性がより優れたものとなる。
本実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーン1の製造方法は特に限定されず、例えば、光拡散制御層10、第一の光散乱層11および第二の光散乱層12をそれぞれ形成した後、第一の光散乱層11と第二の光散乱層12との間に光拡散制御層10が配置されるように積層することで得ることができる。
本実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーン1は、通常のプロジェクションスクリーンと同様に使用することでき、特に透過型プロジェクションスクリーンとして使用することが好適である。
図6には、本発明の第二の実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーンの一例の断面図が示される。本実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーン2は、第三の光散乱層21と、第三の光散乱層21の片面側に積層され、屈折率が相対的に低い領域中に屈折率が相対的に高い複数の領域を備えた規則的内部構造を有する光拡散制御層20とを備えている。
本実施形態における光拡散制御層20は、屈折率が相対的に低い領域中に屈折率が相対的に高い複数の領域を備えた規則的内部構造を有するとともに、構造未形成層の厚さに関する上記条件を満たす限り、その具体的な内部構造や組成等は限定されない。
第二の実施形態に係る光拡散制御層20の規則的内部構造の好ましい態様は、第一の実施形態に係る光拡散制御層10の規則的内部構造の好ましい態様として前述した内容と同一である。
第二の実施形態に係る光拡散制御層20の組成の好ましい態様のうち、「(2-1)高屈折率成分」、「(2-2)低屈折率成分」、「(2-3)その他の成分」および「(2-4)光拡散制御層用組成物の調製」については、第一の実施形態に係る光拡散制御層10の組成の好ましい態様として前述した内容と同一である。
光拡散制御層20の形成方法としては、従来公知の方法によって形成することができる。例えば、前述した光拡散制御層用組成物を調製し、これを工程シートまたは剥離シート(以下「第1の工程シート」または「第1の剥離シート」という場合がある。)の片面に塗布し、塗膜を形成する。上記塗膜における工程シートとは反対側の面に、別の工程シートまたは剥離シート(以下「第2の工程シート」または「第2の剥離シート」という場合がある。)を貼合し、第1の工程シートまたは第2の工程シート越しに、好ましくは上記塗膜に対して活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させることにより、光拡散制御層10を形成することができる。また、上記第2の工程シートを貼合する代わりに、窒素雰囲気下にて上記塗膜に対して活性エネルギー線を照射し、当該塗膜を硬化させてもよい。構造未形成層を有しないか、または殆ど有しない光拡散制御層20を得られ易い観点においては、上記例示した方法のうち、前者の光拡散制御層20の形成方法であることが好ましい。
光拡散制御層20の厚さは、20μm以上であることが好ましく、50μm以上であることがより好ましく、特に80μm以上であることが好ましく、さらには85μm以上であることが好ましい。光拡散制御層20の厚さが20μm以上であることで、所望の光拡散性を発揮し易いものとなる。また、光拡散制御層20の厚さは、700μm以下であることが好ましく、500μm以下であることがより好ましく、特に300μm以下であることが好ましく、さらには200μm以下であることが好ましく、中でも150μm以下であることが好ましく、120μm以下であることが最も好ましい。光拡散制御層20の厚さが700μm以下であることで、打痕や潰れの発生を抑制し易いものとなる。また、このような厚さを目標とすることで、構造未形成層を有しないか、または殆ど有しない光拡散制御層20を得られ易い。
本実施形態における第三の光散乱層21は、光拡散性を有する層である限り、構成や組成は特に限定されない。所望の光拡散性を達成し易く、且つ、プロジェクションスクリーン2の製造がより容易となるという観点からは、第三の光散乱層21は、光拡散微粒子を含有する層であることが好ましく、光拡散微粒子を含有する粘着剤層であることがより好ましい。
上記光拡散微粒子としては、特に限定されないものの、好ましい例としては、無機系微粒子、有機系微粒子、シリコーン樹脂のような、無機と有機の中間的な構造を有するケイ素含有化合物からなるシリコーン系微粒子(例えばモメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ・ジャパン社製のトスパールシリーズ)、有機系樹脂とシリコーン樹脂とのハイブリッドの微粒子などが挙げられる。光拡散微粒子は、1種を単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
上記アクリル系重合体を構成するモノマー単位は、透明性や粘着力等の観点から適宜調整することができるものの、特に、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルと、分子内に反応性官能基を有するモノマー(反応性官能基含有モノマー)とを含有することが好ましい。なお、本明細書において、(メタ)アクリル酸とは、アクリル酸及びメタクリル酸の両方を意味する。他の類似用語も同様である。さらに、「重合体」には「共重合体」の概念も含まれるものとする。
第二の実施形態における第三の光散乱層21に係る架橋剤の好ましい態様については、第一の実施形態における第一の光散乱層11および第二の光散乱層12の項目「(3)架橋剤」で説明した内容と同一である。
第二の実施形態における第三の光散乱層21に係る各種添加剤の好ましい態様については、第一の実施形態における第一の光散乱層11および第二の光散乱層12の項目「(4)各種添加剤」で説明した内容と同一である。
第二の実施形態における第三の光散乱層21に係る粘着剤組成物の調製方法の好ましい態様については、第一の実施形態における第一の光散乱層11および第二の光散乱層12の項目「(5)粘着剤組成物の調製方法」で説明した内容と同一である。
本実施形態における第三の光散乱層21の厚さは、1~200μmであることが好ましく、2~120μmであることがより好ましく、特に5~60μmであることが好ましく、さらには10~30μmであることが好ましく、中でも11~20μmであることが好ましく、12~15μmであることが最も好ましい。本実施形態における第三の光散乱層21の厚さが上記範囲であることで、不要な映り込みを抑制する効果と、優れた視認性とを高いレベルで両立し易いものとなる。
本実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーン2は、光拡散制御層20、第三の光散乱層21以外の部材を備えていてもよい。例えば、プロジェクションスクリーン2は、少なくとも一層の透明基材を備えていてもよい。特に、第三の光散乱層21が前述した粘着剤層である場合には、当該粘着剤層の少なくとも片面(特に、最外層側となる面)に透明基材が積層されていることが好ましい。
本実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーン2の製造方法は特に限定されず、例えば、光拡散制御層20および第三の光散乱層21をそれぞれ形成した後、第三の光散乱層21と光拡散制御層20とを積層することで得ることができる。
本実施形態に係るプロジェクションスクリーン2の好ましい使用方法については、第一の実施形態における項目「5.プロジェクションスクリーンの使用方法」で説明した内容と同一である。
〔実施例1-1〕
1.光拡散制御層用組成物の調製
低屈折率成分としての、ポリプロピレングリコールとイソホロンジイソシアナートと2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレートとを反応させて得られた重量平均分子量9,900のポリエーテルウレタンメタクリレート40質量部(固形分換算値;以下同じ)に対し、高屈折率成分としての、分子量268のo-フェニルフェノキシエトキシエチルアクリレート60質量部と、光重合開始剤としての2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニルプロパン-1-オン8質量部とを添加した後、80℃の条件下にて加熱混合を行い、光拡散制御層用組成物を得た。
<測定条件>
・測定装置:東ソー社製,HLC-8320
・GPCカラム(以下の順に通過):東ソー社製
TSK gel superH-H
TSK gel superHM-H
TSK gel superH2000
・測定溶媒:テトラヒドロフラン
・測定温度:40℃
得られた光拡散制御層用組成物を、長尺のポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東洋紡社製,製品名「コスモシャイン A4100」,厚さ:50μm;以下、「第1のPETフィルム(50)」と表記する場合がある。)の片面に塗布し、厚さ165μmの塗膜を形成した。これにより、当該塗膜と第1のPETフィルム(50)とからなる積層体を得た。
アクリル酸2-エチルへキシル67.2質量部と、メタクリル酸メチル5質量部と、メタクリル酸8質量部と、酢酸ビニル18質量部と、アクリル酸0.4質量部と、4-ヒドロキシブチルアクリレート1.4質量部とを溶液重合法により重合させて、アクリル系共重合体を得た。当該アクリル系共重合体の重量平均分子量を前述した方法で測定したところ、82万であった。
上記工程2.で得られた積層体における第2のPETフィルム(38)側の面に対し、上記工程3.で得られた第一の光散乱層と最外層用PETフィルムとの積層体における第一の光散乱層側の面を貼付した。さらに、これによって得られた積層体における第1のPETフィルム(50)の面に対し、上記工程3.で得られた第二の光散乱層と最外層用PETフィルムとの積層体における第二の光散乱層側の面を貼付した。
1.第三の光散乱層の形成
実施例1-1の工程3.と同様に得たアクリル系重合体100質量部と、架橋剤としてのヘキサメチレン=ジイソシアネート系ヌレート(トーヨーケム株式会社製、製品名「BXX6105」)0.47質量部と、光拡散微粒子としての酸化チタン微粒子(堺化学工業社製,製品名「R-62N」,平均粒径:0.26μm,屈折率:2.7)1.0質量部とを溶媒中で混合し、粘着剤組成物の塗布液(固形分濃度28.4質量%)を得た。
実施例1-1の工程3.と同様に得たアクリル系重合体100質量部と、架橋剤としてのヘキサメチレン=ジイソシアネート系ヌレート(トーヨーケム株式会社製、製品名「BXX6105」)0.47質量部とを溶媒中で混合し、粘着剤組成物の塗布液(固形分濃度28.4質量%)を得た。
実施例1-1の工程2.と同様にして、第1のPETフィルム(50)と、厚さ165μmの光拡散制御層と、第2のPETフィルム(38)とがこの順に積層されてなる積層体を得た。
実施例1-1の工程2.と同様にして、第1のPETフィルム(50)と、厚さ165μmの光拡散制御層と、第2のPETフィルム(38)とがこの順に積層されてなる積層体を得た。
実施例1-1の工程3.と同様にして、粘着剤組成物の塗布液を得た。当該塗布液を、38μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムの片面にシリコーン系の剥離剤層が形成されてなる剥離シート(リンテック社製,製品名「SP-PET382150」)の剥離面に対して塗布し、加熱により乾燥させることで、剥離シート上に、厚さ13μmの粘着剤層(光散乱層)が形成されてなる積層体を得た。当該積層体をもう1つ作製し、計2つの上記積層体を得た。
比較例1-1の工程1.と同様にして、粘着剤組成物の塗布液を得た。当該塗布液を、38μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムの片面にシリコーン系の剥離剤層が形成されてなる剥離シート(リンテック社製,製品名「SP-PET382150」)の剥離面に対して塗布し、加熱により乾燥させることで、剥離シート上に、厚さ13μmの粘着剤層(光散乱層)が形成されてなる積層体を得た。
上述の通り作製した参考例1-1および参考例1-2に係る測定用サンプルを用いて、光散乱層A(2層)および光散乱層B(1層)のそれぞれのヘイズ値(%)を、JIS K7136:2000に準じて、ヘイズメーター(日本電色工業社製,製品名「NDH 7000」)を用いて測定した。なお、光の照射は剥離シート側から行った。結果を表1に示す。また、表1には、ヘイズ値(%)とともに測定された、全光線透過率T.T(%)、平行成分P.Tの割合(%)および拡散成分Dif.の割合(%)も示す。
上記の通り作製した実施例および比較例に係るプロジェクションスクリーンのそれぞれのヘイズ値(%)を、JIS K7136:2000に準じて、ヘイズメーター(日本電色工業社製,製品名「NDH 7000」)を用いて測定した。測定は、光拡散制御層を基準として第1のPETフィルム(50)側の面(以下、「第1のPETフィルム(50)側面」という場合がある。)から光の照射した場合と、光拡散制御層を基準として第2のPETフィルム(38)側の面(以下、「第2のPETフィルム(38)側面」という場合がある。)から光の照射した場合とでそれぞれ行った。
実施例および比較例で作製したプロジェクションスクリーンについて、変角測色計(スガ試験機社製,製品名「VC-2」)を用いて、一方の面に対して所定の角度で光線を入射した際における、他方の面から生じる透過光の拡散角度特性を測定した。
〔実施例2-1〕
1.光拡散制御層用組成物の調製
低屈折率成分としての、ポリプロピレングリコールとイソホロンジイソシアナートと2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレートとを反応させて得られた重量平均分子量9,900のポリエーテルウレタンメタクリレート40質量部(固形分換算値;以下同じ)に対し、高屈折率成分としての、分子量268のo-フェニルフェノキシエトキシエチルアクリレート60質量部と、光重合開始剤としての2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニルプロパン-1-オン8質量部とを添加した後、80℃の条件下にて加熱混合を行い、光拡散制御層用組成物を得た。
<測定条件>
・測定装置:東ソー社製,HLC-8320
・GPCカラム(以下の順に通過):東ソー社製
TSK gel superH-H
TSK gel superHM-H
TSK gel superH2000
・測定溶媒:テトラヒドロフラン
・測定温度:40℃
得られた光拡散制御層用組成物を、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムの片面をシリコーン系剥離剤で剥離処理した剥離シート(リンテック社製,製品名「SP-PET381130」,厚さ:38μm,「第1の剥離シート」と表記する場合がある。)の剥離面に塗布し、厚さ約90μmの塗膜を形成した。これにより、当該塗膜と第1の剥離シートとからなる積層体を得た。続いて、当該積層体における塗膜側の面に、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムの片面をシリコーン系剥離剤で剥離処理した剥離シート(リンテック社製,製品名「SP-PET381130」,厚さ:38μm,「第2の剥離シート」と表記する場合がある。)の剥離面を積層し、第1の剥離シートと、光拡散制御層と、第2の剥離シートとがこの順に積層されてなる積層体を得た。
アクリル酸2-エチルへキシル67.2質量部と、メタクリル酸メチル5質量部と、メタクリル酸8質量部と、酢酸ビニル18質量部と、アクリル酸0.4質量部と、4-ヒドロキシブチルアクリレート1.4質量部とを溶液重合法により重合させて、アクリル系共重合体を得た。当該アクリル系共重合体の重量平均分子量を前述した方法で測定したところ、82万であった。
上記工程3と同様にして作製したアクリル系重合体100質量部と、架橋剤としてのイソシアネート系架橋剤(三井化学社製、製品名「タケネートD-165N」)0.47質量部とを溶媒中で混合し、粘着剤組成物の塗布液(固形分濃度28.4質量%)を得た。
上記工程2.で得られた積層体における第2の剥離シートを剥離し、露出した光拡散制御層の露出面に対し、上記工程3.で得られた光散乱層と第1のPETフィルムとの積層体における光散乱層側の面を貼付した。さらに、これによって得られた積層体における第1の剥離シートを剥離し、露出した光拡散制御層の露出面に対し、上記工程4.で得られた透明粘着剤層と第2のPETフィルムとの積層体における透明粘着剤層側の面を貼付した。
実施例2-1と同様にして得られた光拡散制御層用組成物を、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムの片面をシリコーン系剥離剤で剥離処理した剥離シート(リンテック社製,製品名「SP-PET381130」,厚さ:38μm,「第1の剥離シート」と表記する場合がある。)の剥離面に塗布し、厚さ約160μmの塗膜を形成した。これにより、当該塗膜と第1の剥離シートとからなる積層体を得た。
実施例2-1および比較例2-1で作製した光拡散制御層を備える積層体について、スライサー(ジャスコエンジニアリング社製,製品名「角度可変スライサーHW-1」)を用いて切断し、切片を得た。
実施例および比較例で作製したプロジェクションスクリーンについて、変角ヘイズメーター(東洋精機製作所社製,製品名「ヘイズガードプラス、変角ヘイズメーター」)を用いて、ヘイズ値(%)を測定した。
光源:C光源
測定径:φ18mm
積分球開口径:φ25.4mm
厚さ100μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムの片面にインクジェットプリンタを用いてテストパターンを印刷することで印刷フィルムを作製した。当該印刷フィルムを第2のPETフィルムに代え、さらに透明粘着層を介して使用した以外は、実施例2-1および比較例2-1と同様にプロジェクションスクリーンを作製した。なお、印刷フィルムにおける印刷面が透明粘着剤層と接触するようにプロジェクションスクリーンを作製した。
実施例2-1および比較例2-1で作製したプロジェクションスクリーンに対し、プロジェクタから斜め方向に光を投射し、当該投射した面とは反対の面に画像を表示させた。そして、目視にて、画像の鮮明さを確認した。その結果、実施例2-1のプロジェクションスクリーンの方が、画像が鮮明に表示されていることが確認された。
10…光拡散制御層
11…第一の光散乱層
12…第二の光散乱層
2…プロジェクションスクリーン
20…光拡散制御層
21…第三の光散乱層
Claims (9)
- 第一の光散乱層と、
前記第一の光散乱層の片面側に積層された、屈折率が相対的に低い領域中に屈折率が相対的に高い複数の領域を備えた規則的内部構造を有する光拡散制御層と、
前記光拡散制御層における前記第一の光散乱層とは反対の面側に積層された、第二の光散乱層と
を備えたことを特徴とするプロジェクションスクリーン。 - 前記第一の光散乱層および前記第二の光散乱層の少なくとも一方が、光拡散微粒子を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロジェクションスクリーン。
- 前記プロジェクションスクリーンのヘイズ値は、1%以上、80%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロジェクションスクリーン。
- 前記プロジェクションスクリーンの全光線透過率は、60%以上、100%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロジェクションスクリーン。
- 第三の光散乱層と、前記第三の光散乱層の片面側に積層され、屈折率が相対的に低い領域中に屈折率が相対的に高い複数の領域を備えた規則的内部構造を有する光拡散制御層とを備えたプロジェクションスクリーンであって、
前記光拡散制御層中に含まれる、前記規則的内部構造が形成されていない構造未形成層の厚さが、0μm以上、30μm以下である
ことを特徴とするプロジェクションスクリーン。 - 前記第三の光散乱層は、光拡散微粒子を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロジェクションスクリーン。
- 前記規則的内部構造は、屈折率が異なる複数の板状領域をシート面に沿った任意の一方向に交互に配置してなるルーバー構造であることを特徴とする請求項1または5に記載のプロジェクションスクリーン。
- 前記プロジェクションスクリーンを地面に対して垂直に設置したときに、前記板状領域の長手方向が水平方向に延在するように、前記ルーバー構造が構成されていることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のプロジェクションスクリーン。
- 透過型プロジェクションスクリーンであることを特徴とする請求項1または5に記載のプロジェクションスクリーン。
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JP2021105721A (ja) * | 2017-01-23 | 2021-07-26 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | スクリーン、映像表示装置 |
JP2022025984A (ja) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-02-10 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 透明スクリーンシステム |
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JP2001005101A (ja) * | 1999-06-17 | 2001-01-12 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 投影用スクリーンとそれを用いた投射型画像表示装置 |
JP2001242546A (ja) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-09-07 | Kimoto & Co Ltd | 透視可能な透過型スクリーン |
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