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WO2023155316A1 - 抬头显示玻璃及抬头显示系统 - Google Patents

抬头显示玻璃及抬头显示系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023155316A1
WO2023155316A1 PCT/CN2022/093886 CN2022093886W WO2023155316A1 WO 2023155316 A1 WO2023155316 A1 WO 2023155316A1 CN 2022093886 W CN2022093886 W CN 2022093886W WO 2023155316 A1 WO2023155316 A1 WO 2023155316A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refractive index
head
index layer
display
high refractive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/093886
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹晖
黄凤珠
曾东
林施团
张小荣
福原康太
Original Assignee
福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司
Priority to JP2023520347A priority Critical patent/JP7678095B2/ja
Priority to EP22871077.8A priority patent/EP4265411A4/en
Priority to CN202280004158.9A priority patent/CN115916720B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/093886 priority patent/WO2023155316A1/zh
Priority to KR1020237001114A priority patent/KR102788651B1/ko
Priority to US18/197,803 priority patent/US20230375830A1/en
Publication of WO2023155316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023155316A1/zh

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    • C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
    • C03C17/3417—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials all coatings being oxide coatings
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    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
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    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
    • G02B2027/012—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
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    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a head-up display glass and a head-up display system.
  • the Head Up Display (HUD for short) system is more and more widely used in vehicles. It can display virtual HUD images in the driver's field of vision in real time, so that the driver can observe the speed of the vehicle without turning or looking down.
  • Driving information such as engine speed, fuel consumption, tire pressure, navigation, and external smart devices can greatly enhance driving safety and improve driving experience.
  • the head-up display system usually includes a projection device and a window glass.
  • the window glass has an inner surface facing the inside of the car and an outer surface facing the outside of the car.
  • the projection device projects image information onto the inner surface of the window glass and passes through the window. Reflections from the glass enter the driver's eyes.
  • the traditional projection device mainly produces projection light containing S polarized light, which is reflected at the inner surface from the air to the glass and at the outer surface from the glass to the air, thereby producing two shifted images, This is the so-called ghosting phenomenon, which leads to unclear HUD images and poor visual comfort.
  • the application provides a head-up display glass and a head-up display system, which can solve the problem of unclear HUD images presented by traditional head-up display glass, so that the driver or passengers can see the HUD images more clearly and improve visual comfort. , to improve user experience.
  • the present application provides a head-up display glass, which includes an outer surface and an inner surface oppositely arranged, and a transparent nano-film capable of reflecting P-polarized light is arranged on the inner surface, and the transparent nano-film is included in the inner surface.
  • the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer is lower than the refractive index of the second high refractive index layer, and the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer is different from that of the second high refractive index layer.
  • the difference is greater than or equal to 0.3.
  • the head-up display glass has a reflectivity of at least 13% for P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 38°-85°.
  • the head-up display glass has a reflectivity of at least 16% for P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 55°-85°.
  • the head-up display glass has a reflectivity of at least 18% for P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 65°.
  • the reflectance range of the head-up display glass for P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 65° within the wavelength range of 460nm-630nm is less than or equal to 6%.
  • the thickness of the first low refractive index layer is 130nm-200nm
  • the thickness of the third high refractive index layer is 20nm-80nm
  • the thickness of the second low refractive index layer is 80nm -130nm.
  • the thickness of the first high refractive index layer is 25nm-75nm, or the thickness of the first high refractive index layer is 85nm-145nm, or the thickness of the first high refractive index layer Greater than or equal to 200nm.
  • the thickness of the second high refractive index layer is 5nm-35nm, or the thickness of the second high refractive index layer is 80nm-145nm, or the thickness of the second high refractive index layer 190nm-230nm.
  • the thickness of the first high refractive index layer is 85nm-145nm, and the thickness of the second high refractive index layer is 5nm-35nm.
  • the thickness of the first high refractive index layer is 85nm-145nm, and the thickness of the second high refractive index layer is 190nm-230nm.
  • the thickness of the first high refractive index layer is 25nm-75nm, and the thickness of the second high refractive index layer is 80nm-145nm.
  • the thickness of the first high refractive index layer is 25nm-75nm, and the thickness of the second high refractive index layer is 190nm-230nm.
  • the head-up display glass includes laminated glass, and the laminated glass includes an outer glass, an inner glass, and an intermediate layer arranged between the outer glass and the inner glass, and the outer glass
  • the surface away from the intermediate layer is the outer surface
  • the surface of the inner glass away from the intermediate layer is the inner surface
  • the outer glass is colored glass and/or the intermediate layer is a colored intermediate layer
  • the visible light transmittance of the head-up display glass is greater than or equal to 70%.
  • the head-up display glass further includes one or more of an anti-fingerprint film, a heat insulation film, and an electric heating film.
  • the present application provides a head-up display system, including a projection device and the above-mentioned head-up display glass, the projection device is used to generate projection light containing P-polarized light, and the P-polarized light in the projection light occupies The ratio is greater than or equal to 80%, and the projection light is incident on the transparent nano-film at an incident angle of 38°-85°.
  • the projection light is reflected by the transparent nano-film to form a head-up display main image
  • the projection light is reflected by the outer surface to form a head-up display secondary image
  • the head-up display main image is The ratio of the reflectivity to the reflectivity of the head-up display secondary image is greater than 10.
  • the ratio of the reflectance of the head-up display main image to the reflectance of the head-up display secondary image is greater than 480.
  • the ratio of the reflectance of the main head-up display image to the reflectance of the secondary head-up display image is greater than 45.
  • the a value of the Lab value of the reflected color of the head-up display glass is less than or equal to 1, and the b value is less than or equal to 2.5.
  • the head-up display glass and head-up display system provided by this application can better replace the traditional head-up display glass with a wedge-shaped intermediate layer, obtain a clear HUD image without visual ghosting and high reflectance, and can also meet the needs of drivers wearing sunglasses. It can be used with the projection light with an incident angle in the range of 38°-85°, and can meet the use of AR-HUD with a field of view greater than or equal to 10°, realizing a longer distance and larger size image display , so as to further improve the visual comfort and enhance the user experience.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a head-up display system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a head-up display glass provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transparent nano-membrane provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Thickness It is the physical thickness.
  • Refractive index the refractive index of transmitted light at a wavelength of 550nm.
  • Incident angle It is the angle between the projection light generated by the projection device and the surface normal at the incident position when it is incident on the head-up display glass.
  • the present application provides a head-up display glass and a head-up display system, which can solve the problem of unclear HUD images presented by traditional head-up display glass, so that drivers or passengers can see the HUD images more clearly.
  • the traditional head-up display glass uses a wedge-shaped interlayer to eliminate ghosting, it has disadvantages such as high material cost, high process difficulty, and poor applicability due to the need to design different wedge angles for different models.
  • the head-up display glass provided by this application can better replace this A traditional head-up display glass.
  • this traditional head-up display glass can only be used with projection light with an incident angle in the range of 60°-70°, and the field of view (FOV) of the corresponding HUD image is usually less than 5°, which can only realize close-range , small-sized image display, and with the increase of the incident angle range, the ghosting problem of the head-up display projection imaging becomes more and more serious, and the ghosting problem cannot be completely solved by only relying on the wedge-shaped intermediate layer.
  • FOV field of view
  • the head-up display glass provided by the present application can also be used with projected light with an incident angle in the range of 38°-85°, and can satisfy AR-HUD ( Augmented reality head-up reality) is used to achieve a longer-distance and larger-size image display, thereby further improving visual comfort and enhancing the user experience.
  • AR-HUD Augmented reality head-up reality
  • a vehicle 1000 includes a vehicle body 200 and a head-up display system 100 .
  • the head-up display system 100 is connected to the car 200 body.
  • the head-up display system 100 includes a projection device 20 and a head-up display glass 10 .
  • FIG. 1 is only to schematically describe the connection relationship between the vehicle body 200 and the head-up display system 100 , but not to specifically limit the connection positions, specific structures and quantities of each device.
  • the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may include more or fewer components than shown in the illustrations, or combine certain components, or separate certain components, or arrange different components.
  • the illustrated components can be realized in hardware, software or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the head-up display glass 10 may be the front windshield of the vehicle 1000, and the projection device 20 may be installed in the vehicle. Please refer to FIG. 2 , the projection device 20 emits projection light toward the head-up display glass 10 , and after the projection light is reflected by the head-up display glass 10 , the presented image is received by human eyes.
  • the angle a between the centerline of the projection light beam emitted by the projection device 20 and the surface normal 1 at the incident position of the head-up display glass 10 ranges from 38° to 85° (including the endpoint values of 38° and 85°) .
  • the projection light emitted by the projection device 20 includes P polarized light, and the proportion of P polarized light in the projected light is greater than or equal to 80%, preferably the proportion of P polarized light is greater than or equal to 90%, more preferably the proportion of P-polarized light is greater than or equal to 95%, even the proportion of P-polarized light is 100% (that is, the projected light is pure P-polarized light).
  • This application uses P-polarized light for projection, taking advantage of the low reflectance of P-polarized light incident on the interface between glass and air, especially when it is incident at the Brewster angle ⁇ B, there is basically no reflection and the transparent nano-film can reflect part of P-polarized light characteristics to completely eliminate the visual ghosting phenomenon; compared with the traditional head-up display glass that can only be used with the projection light of S polarized light, the head-up display glass and head-up display system improved by the application can meet the needs of drivers wearing sunglasses need.
  • the head-up display glass provided by the present application can also be used with projection light with an incident angle in the range of 38°-85°, which greatly expands the range of incident angles of projection light, so that the projection device 20 can project on the head-up display glass 10 A larger area on the head-up display glass 10 emits projection light, and the projection light can be reflected by the head-up display glass 10 to form an image.
  • the incident angles of the projected light on the head-up display glass 10 are 38° and 85°, the head-up display glass 10 can cooperate with the projected light to produce a clear HUD image, which has a good display effect.
  • the head-up display glass 10 includes a laminated glass 11 and a transparent nano film 12 .
  • the laminated glass 11 includes an inner surface 1120 and an outer surface 1100 disposed opposite to each other.
  • the inner surface 1120 is the surface facing the interior of the vehicle when the laminated glass 11 is installed in the vehicle 1000 , and the transparent nano film 12 is disposed on the inner surface 1120 .
  • the visible light transmittance of the head-up display glass 10 is greater than or equal to 70%, which meets the requirements of regulations on the front windshield of the vehicle 1000 .
  • Depositing a transparent nano-film 12 on the inner surface 1120 of the laminated glass 11 can increase the reflection of the head-up display glass to P-polarized light, so that P-polarized light is incident on the transparent nano-film 12 with a higher reflection
  • the primary image 201 of the head-up display is formed by high reflectivity, and the P-polarized light entering the interior of the laminated glass is reflected at the junction of the outer surface 1100 of the laminated glass 11 and the air to form the secondary image of the head-up display 202, and the secondary image of the head-up display is formed.
  • the P-polarized light of image 202 will also be absorbed by the laminated glass and reflected again by the transparent nano-film 12, which further weakens the reflectivity of the head-up display secondary image 202, thereby obtaining a clear HUD image without visual ghosting and high reflectance.
  • the laminated glass 11 used as a front windshield is usually in a curved shape, but the shape of the laminated glass 11 is not limited to the shape described above, and it can be any shape that meets the requirements for the use of the window glass, such as laminated glass.
  • the glass 11 may also be in the shape of a flat plate, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose strict requirements on the shape of the laminated glass 11 .
  • the laminated glass 11 has a vertical curvature radius in the direction from the bottom edge to the top edge. In order to facilitate the design and production of the head-up display glass 10, the vertical curvature radius is 4000mm-20000mm.
  • the laminated glass 11 includes an outer glass 110 , an inner glass 112 and an intermediate layer 111 disposed between the outer glass 110 and the inner glass 112 .
  • the surface of the outer glass 110 away from the intermediate layer 111 is the outer surface 1100
  • the surface of the inner glass 112 away from the intermediate layer 111 is the inner surface 1120 .
  • the transparent nano film 12 is disposed on the inner surface 1120 of the inner glass 112 .
  • the outer glass 110 and the inner glass 112 can be transparent glass, or colored glass, such as tinted green glass, tinted gray glass, etc., but the visible light transmittance of the outer glass 110 and the inner glass 112 is the same. Must be greater than or equal to 70%.
  • the material of the outer glass 110 and the inner glass 112 may include soda lime silica glass, borosilicate glass, or aluminosilicate glass.
  • the thickness of the outer glass 110 can be 1.5mm-3.5mm, such as 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2.1mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm, 3.5mm, etc.
  • the thickness of the inner glass 112 can be 0.7mm-2.5mm, such as 0.7mm , 0.9mm, 1.1mm, 1.6mm, 2.1mm, 2.5mm, etc.
  • the thickness of the inner glass 112 is smaller than the thickness of the outer glass 110, for example, the thickness of the outer glass 110 is at least 0.3mm greater than the thickness of the inner glass 112, and the thinner inner glass 112 can form an asymmetric thickness
  • the laminated glass structure on the basis of reducing the total thickness of the head-up display glass to achieve light weight, improves the strength of the head-up display glass to a certain extent, and can further improve the quality of the head-up display image.
  • the intermediate layer 111 is used to connect the outer glass 110 and the inner glass 112, so that the head-up display glass 10 has a sandwich structure as a whole, so as to improve the safety of the head-up display glass 10 and make it meet the safety standards and regulatory requirements of vehicle window glass.
  • the material of the middle layer 111 may be polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) or ionomer film (SGP).
  • the middle layer 111 may be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure, and the multi-layer structure may include a double-layer structure, a three-layer structure, a four-layer structure, a five-layer structure, and the like.
  • the middle layer 111 can also have other functions, such as setting at least one colored area as a shadow zone to reduce the interference of sunlight on human eyes, or adding an infrared absorber to provide sun protection or heat insulation, or adding an ultraviolet absorber to provide insulation.
  • UV function, or at least one layer of the multilayer structure has a higher plasticizer content to provide sound insulation.
  • Traditional head-up display glass generally uses a wedge-shaped interlayer with a wedge angle of at least 0.3mrad in order to eliminate ghosting, making it difficult to design, produce, and debug the head-up display system.
  • the head-up display glass provided by this application can use ordinary equal-thickness interlayers Make a direct replacement. It can be understood that the present application can also use a wedge-shaped intermediate layer with a smaller wedge angle.
  • the wedge-shaped intermediate layer has a wedge angle of 0.01-0.15mrad, such as 0.01mrad, 0.02mrad, 0.03mrad, 0.04mrad, 0.05mrad, 0.06mrad .
  • the wedge-shaped intermediate layer with a smaller wedge angle can be obtained through a simple stretching process, so that reflection ghosting and perspective ghosting can be eliminated at the same time at low cost, and higher-quality head-up display images and observation effects can be obtained.
  • the middle layer 111 can be a transparent middle layer or a colored middle layer, and its visible light transmittance is greater than or equal to 80%, preferably greater than or equal to 85%, more preferably greater than or equal to 90%.
  • the thickness of the middle layer 111 may be 0.38mm-1.6mm, such as 0.38mm, 0.5mm, 0.76mm, 1.14mm, 1.52mm, 1.6mm and so on.
  • the transparent nano film 12 includes a high refractive index layer 121 and a low refractive index layer 122 .
  • the refractive index of the high refractive index layer 121 is greater than 1.8, preferably greater than or equal to 1.85, more preferably greater than or equal to 1.9;
  • the refractive index of the low refractive index layer 122 is less than or equal to 1.8, preferably less than or equal to 1.7, more preferably less than or equal to 1.6.
  • the transparent nanofilm 12 includes a first high refractive index layer 121a, a second high refractive index layer 121b, a first low refractive index layer 122a, a third high refractive index layer 121c and a second high refractive index layer deposited on the inner surface 1120 in sequence.
  • the second low refractive index layer 122b is a first high refractive index layer 121a, a second high refractive index layer 121b, a first low refractive index layer 122a, a third high refractive index layer 121c and a second high refractive index layer deposited on the inner surface 1120 in sequence.
  • the second low refractive index layer 122b is deposited on the inner surface 1120 in sequence.
  • the head-up display glass pair can P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 38° to 85° has a reflectivity of at least 13%, which meets the requirements of a larger field of view (FOV) and even the requirements of AR-HUD, and can achieve the optical properties of the transparent nano-film 12,
  • FOV field of view
  • AR-HUD AR-HUD
  • the material of the high refractive index layer 121 includes oxides of Zr, Nb, Si, Sb, Sn, Zn, In, Al, Ni, Cr, Mg, Mn, V, W, Hf, Ta, Mo, Ga, Y, Bi, Ta At least one of compounds or nitrides or nitrogen oxides.
  • the high-refractive index layer 121 includes a first high-refractive-index layer 121a, a second high-refractive-index layer 121b, and a third high-refractive-index layer 121c, specifically, the first high-refractive-index layer 121a, the second high-refractive-index layer 121b, and the third high-refractive-index layer 121b.
  • the refractive indices of the three high refractive index layers 121c are all greater than 1.8, preferably greater than or equal to 1.9.
  • the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer 121a is preferably 1.9-2.2, which can be exemplified as 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, etc.
  • the refractive index of the second high refractive index layer 121b and the third high refractive index layer 121c is preferably Greater than 2.2, more preferably greater than or equal to 2.3, even more preferably greater than or equal to 2.4, can be exemplified as 2.5, 2.65, 2.72, etc.
  • the material of the first high refractive index layer 121a may include zinc tin oxide (ZnSnO x ), magnesium doped zinc tin oxide (ZnSnMgO x ), titanium doped zinc tin oxide (ZnSnTiO x ), zirconium doped zinc tin oxide ( ZnSnZrO x ), silicon aluminum nitride (SiAlN x ), silicon zirconium nitride (SiZrN x ), silicon aluminum oxynitride (SiAlON x ), silicon zirconium oxynitride (SiZrON x ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), zirconia (ZrO x ), zinc oxide (ZnO x ), aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO), hafnium and aluminum doped zinc oxide (HAZO), yttrium doped zinc oxide (YZO), gallium doped zinc oxide (GZO
  • the material of the second high refractive index layer 121b and the material of the third high refractive index layer 121c may include titanium oxide (TiO x ), niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 5 ), silicon zirconium nitride (SiZrN x ).
  • TiO x titanium oxide
  • Nb 2 O 5 niobium oxide
  • SiZrN x silicon zirconium nitride
  • the value of x can be determined according to the stoichiometric, sub-stoichiometric or super-stoichiometric deposition in the magnetron sputtering process.
  • the material of the low refractive index layer 122 includes at least one of oxides, nitrides, carbides, or fluorides of Si, Al, Mg, and Zr.
  • the low refractive index layer 122 includes a first low refractive index layer 122a and a second low refractive index layer 122b.
  • the refractive index of the first low-refractive index layer 122a and the second low-refractive-index layer 122b is equal to or less than 1.8, preferably less than or equal to 1.7, more preferably less than or equal to 1.6, and can be exemplified as 1.52, 1.50, 1.47, 1.38, etc.
  • the material of the first low refractive index layer 122a and the second low refractive index layer 122b may include silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium fluoride (MgF).
  • the head-up display glass 10 of the present application has a reflectivity of at least 13% for P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 38° to 85°; P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 85° has a reflectivity of at least 16%; more preferably, the head-up display glass has a reflectivity of at least 18% for P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 65°, or at least 20% reflectivity , or a reflectivity of at least 22%, or a reflectivity of at least 24%, which is conducive to the commercial application of head-up display glass products.
  • the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer 121a is lower than the refractive index of the second high refractive index layer 121b, and the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer 121a is the same as the refractive index of the second high refractive index layer 121b
  • the difference of the index is greater than or equal to 0.3, and the difference can be specifically exemplified as 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, etc., and the refractive index is designed through the first high refractive index layer 121a and the second high refractive index layer 121b Matching can make the reflection spectrum of the head-up display glass 10 for P-polarized light smoother on the basis of obtaining a HUD image with a high reflectance.
  • the reflectivity in the -630nm wavelength range is less than or equal to 6%, preferably less than or equal to 5%, more preferably less than or equal to 3%, or even less than or equal to 2%, so as to realize the HUD image The most color-neutral display possible.
  • the thickness of the first low refractive index layer 122a is 130nm-200nm
  • the thickness of the third high refractive index layer 121c is 20nm-80nm
  • the thickness of the second low refractive index layer 122b is 80nm-130nm; in some In an embodiment, the thickness of the first high refractive index layer 121a is 25nm-75nm, or 85nm-145nm, or not less than 200nm; in some embodiments, the thickness of the second high refractive index layer 121b is 5nm-35nm, or 80nm-145nm, or 190nm-230nm; through the first high refractive index layer 121a, the second high refractive index layer 121b, the first low refractive index layer 122a, the third high refractive index layer 121c and the second low refractive index layer
  • the thickness of 122b is designed to match, so that the HUD image can simultaneously have high reflectance, color-neutral display as
  • the thickness of the first high refractive index layer 121a is 85nm-145nm, and the thickness of the second high refractive index layer 121b is 5nm-35nm.
  • the thickness of the first high refractive index layer 121a is 85nm-145nm, and the thickness of the second high refractive index layer 121b is 190nm-230nm.
  • the thickness of the first high refractive index layer 121a is 25nm-75nm, and the thickness of the second high refractive index layer 121b is 80nm-145nm.
  • the thickness of the first high refractive index layer 121a is 25nm-75nm, and the thickness of the second high refractive index layer 121b is 190nm-230nm.
  • the outer glass 110 is colored glass and/or the intermediate layer 111 is a colored intermediate layer, and the colored glass and the colored intermediate layer have more absorption for P polarized light, which can further reduce the reflection of the head-up display secondary image 202 Ratio, greatly improving the reflectance of the head-up display main image 201 and the head-up display secondary image 202.
  • the present application also provides a head-up display system 100, which includes a projection device 20 and a head-up display glass 10.
  • the projection device 20 is used to generate projection light containing P-polarized light, and the P-polarized light in the projected light occupies an If the ratio is greater than or equal to 80%, the projection light is incident on the transparent nano-membrane 12 at an incident angle of 38°-85°.
  • the projection light is reflected by the transparent nano-film 12 to form the head-up display main image 201, and the head-up display secondary image 202 is formed by the reflection of the outer surface 1100.
  • the reflectivity of the head-up display main image 201 is the same as that of the head-up display secondary image 202.
  • the ratio of reflectivity is greater than 10, so that even if the projection light is incident on the transparent nano-film 12 at 38° and 85° incident angles, a clear HUD image can still be obtained, which can meet the use of larger viewing angles and even AR-HUD.
  • the ratio of the reflectivity of the main head-up display image to the reflectivity of the secondary head-up display image is greater than 480.
  • the ratio of the reflectivity of the main head-up display image to the reflectivity of the secondary head-up display image is greater than 45.
  • the head-up display glass has an a value of less than or equal to 1 and a b value of less than or equal to 2.5 in the Lab value of the reflected color at an incident angle of 65° measured from the side of the outer surface, so that the head-up display glass has Excellent exterior color.
  • the projection device 20 is used to output relevant text and image information such as speed, engine revolutions, fuel consumption, tire pressure, dynamic navigation, night vision, real-scene map, etc. onto the head-up display glass 10, so that it can be observed by observers in the car to realize Head-up display (HUD), or even augmented reality head-up display (AR-HUD).
  • Projection device 20 is an element known to those skilled in the art, including but not limited to laser, light emitting diode (LED), liquid crystal display (LCD), digital light processing (DLP), electroluminescence (EL), cathode ray tube ( CRT), vacuum fluorescent tube (VFD), collimating mirror, spherical correction mirror, convex lens, concave lens, reflector and/or polarizer, etc.
  • the position and incident angle of the projection device 20 are adjustable to suit observers at different positions or heights in the vehicle.
  • the head-up display glass 10 may further include one or more of an anti-fingerprint film, a thermal insulation film, and an electric heating film.
  • the anti-fingerprint film can be disposed on the transparent nano-film 12 and cover at least a part of the transparent nano-film 12 to prevent fingerprints and the like from polluting the transparent nano-film 12, thereby ensuring a higher-quality head-up display.
  • the heat insulation film can be arranged on the surface of the outer glass 110 near the middle layer 111 and/or the surface of the inner glass 112 near the middle layer 111, and the heat insulation film can be single silver heat insulation film, double silver heat insulation film, triple silver heat insulation film
  • One or more of heat insulation film, four silver heat insulation film or transparent conductive oxide (TCO) heat insulation film among them, single silver heat insulation film, double silver heat insulation film, triple silver heat insulation film, four silver heat insulation film
  • Heat insulation film, transparent conductive oxide (TCO) heat insulation film refers to transparent nano heat insulation film with one silver layer, two silver layers, three silver layers, four silver layers, TCO layer, except for silver layer or TCO
  • the transparent nano heat insulation film also contains at least two dielectric layers, which can be used to protect the silver layer or TCO layer and adjust the optical properties and appearance color of the heat insulation film.
  • Heat insulation film can make the vehicle interior have better ride comfort, single silver heat insulation film, double silver heat insulation film, triple silver heat insulation film, four silver heat insulation film, TCO heat insulation film can be deposited by magnetron sputtering The process is directly disposed on the surface of the outer glass 110 close to the intermediate layer 111 and/or the surface of the inner glass 112 close to the intermediate layer 111 .
  • the electric heating film can be arranged on the surface of the outer glass 110 close to the intermediate layer 111 and/or the surface of the inner glass 112 close to the intermediate layer 111, and the electric heating film can be double silver electric heating film, three silver electric heating film, four silver electric heating film Any one of the electric heating film and five-silver electric heating film, by setting at least two busbars in the laminated glass, the current of the power supply can be input into the electric heating film, so that the electric heating film heats up and the laminated glass It can be heated to achieve the functions of defrosting, defogging and even deicing and snow removal, further improving driving safety.
  • double-silver electric heating film, three-silver electric heating film, four-silver electric heating film, and five-silver electric heating film refer to transparent nano
  • the conductive film, in addition to the silver layer, the transparent nano-conductive film also contains at least two dielectric layers, which can be used to protect the silver layer and adjust the optical properties, appearance and color of the electric heating film.
  • the electric heating film can be directly disposed on the surface of the outer glass 110 close to the intermediate layer 111 and/or the surface of the inner glass 112 close to the intermediate layer 111 through a magnetron sputtering deposition process.
  • outer layer glass 110 is the thick colored green glass of 2.1mm
  • intermediate layer 111 is the transparent PVB of equal thickness
  • inner layer glass 112 is the thick transparent glass of 1.6mm
  • the transparent nano-films in Comparative Examples 1-3 and Examples 1-6 are deposited by a magnetron sputtering process, and then processed and manufactured according to the vehicle glass production process to obtain Comparative Examples 1-3 And the head-up display glass in Examples 1-6.
  • the transparent nano-film has a double-layer structure: on the inner surface 1120, a TiOx high-refractive index layer with a thickness of 64.8nm and a SiO2 low-refractive index layer with a thickness of 131.5nm are deposited sequentially.
  • the transparent nano film has a three-layer structure: on the inner surface 1120, a 45.5nm thick TiOx high refractive index layer, a 25.0nm thick ZnSnOx high refractive index layer and a 93.0nm thick SiO2 low refractive index layer are deposited sequentially. Wherein, the refractive index of the TiOx high refractive index layer is greater than that of the ZnSnOx high refractive index layer.
  • the transparent nano film has a four-layer structure: on the inner surface 1120, a 10.9nm thick ZnSnOx high refractive index layer, a 172.4nm thick SiO2 low refractive index layer, a 63.5nm thick TiOx high refractive index layer and a 101.3nm thick TiOx high refractive index layer are deposited sequentially on the inner surface 1120. SiO 2 low refractive index layer.
  • the transparent nano-film 12 has a five-layer structure: on the inner surface 1120, the first high-refractive index layer 121a (ZnSnMgOx) with a thickness of 107.6nm, the second high-refractive-index layer 121b (TiOx) with a thickness of 18.8nm, and the The first low refractive index layer 122a (SiO 2 ), the third high refractive index layer 121c (TiOx) with a thickness of 43.3nm, and the second low refractive index layer 122b (SiO 2 ) with a thickness of 113.2nm.
  • the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer 121a (ZnSnMgOx) is smaller than that of the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx).
  • the transparent nano film 12 has a five-layer structure: on the inner surface 1120, the first high refractive index layer 121a (ZnSnOx) with a thickness of 43.7nm, the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx) with a thickness of 93nm, and the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx) with a thickness of 154.3nm are deposited sequentially on the inner surface 1120.
  • the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer 121a (ZnSnOx) is smaller than the refractive index of the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx).
  • the transparent nano film 12 has a five-layer structure: on the inner surface 1120, the first high refractive index layer 121a (ZnSnOx) with a thickness of 72nm, the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx) with a thickness of 199.8nm, and the first high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx) with a thickness of 167nm are deposited sequentially on the inner surface 1120.
  • the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer 121a (ZnSnOx) is smaller than the refractive index of the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx).
  • the transparent nano-film 12 has a five-layer structure: on the inner surface 1120, the first high-refractive index layer 121a (ZnSnMgOx) with a thickness of 118nm, the second high-refractive-index layer 121b (TiOx) with a thickness of 11.9nm, and the second high-refractive-index layer 121b (TiOx) with a thickness of 177.9nm are deposited sequentially on the inner surface 1120.
  • a low refractive index layer 122a (SiO 2 ), a third high refractive index layer 121c (TiOx) with a thickness of 52.2nm, and a second low refractive index layer 122b (SiO 2 ) with a thickness of 103.6nm.
  • the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer 121a (ZnSnMgOx) is smaller than that of the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx).
  • the transparent nano film 12 has a five-layer structure: on the inner surface 1120, the first high refractive index layer 121a (SiAlNx) with a thickness of 226.9nm, the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx) with a thickness of 91.1nm, and the The first low refractive index layer 122a (SiO 2 ), the third high refractive index layer 121c (TiOx) with a thickness of 36.6nm, and the second low refractive index layer 122b (SiO 2 ) with a thickness of 114nm.
  • the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer 121a (SiAlNx) is smaller than the refractive index of the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx).
  • Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
  • the transparent nano film 12 is a five-layer structure: on the inner surface 1120, the first high refractive index layer 121a (ZnSnOx) with a thickness of 51.5nm, the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx) with a thickness of 199.8nm, and the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx) with a thickness of 167nm are deposited sequentially on the inner surface 1120.
  • a low refractive index layer 122a (SiO 2 ), a third high refractive index layer 121c (TiOx) with a thickness of 28.2 nm, and a second low refractive index layer 122b (SiO 2 ) with a thickness of 125.9 nm.
  • the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer 121a (ZnSnOx) is smaller than that of the second high refractive index layer 121b (TiOx).
  • the head-up display glass and the projection device of Comparative Examples 1-3 and Examples 1-6 are used to form a head-up display system, and the projection device produces projection light comprising at least 99% of P polarized light, and the projection light is incident at an incident angle of 38°-85° On the transparent nano-film, adjust the position of the projection device and the incident angle of the projection light so that the observer can observe the head-up display image to achieve the clearest, measure and calculate the reflectance Rp, the main and secondary image reflectance C, the visible light transmittance TL, Reflect colors a, b, etc.
  • Reflectance Rp From the side of the inner surface, measure and calculate the reflectivity of the head-up display glass to the projected light incident at 38°, 45°, 55°, 65°, 75°, and 85° according to ISO9050;
  • Very poor reflectivity Range From the inner surface side, measure the maximum reflectivity and minimum reflectivity of the head-up display glass to the projected light incident at 65° in the wavelength range of 460nm-630nm, the difference between the maximum reflectivity and the minimum reflectivity is Extremely poor reflectivity;
  • Visible light transmittance TL calculated according to ISO9050;
  • Reflected color a, b from the outer surface side, measured at an incident angle of 65°, based on D65 light source, 10° field of view, calculated according to the CIE Lab color model, a value represents red and green values, and b value represents yellow blue value;
  • comparative example 1 adopts the transparent nano film of double-layer structure, and under any incident angle in the scope of 38 °-85 °, the reflectivity Rp of comparative example 1 is all less than embodiment 1- 6 reflectance Rp; especially in the range of 55°-75° incident angle, the reflectance Rp of comparative example 1 is significantly smaller than the reflectance Rp of embodiment 1-6; respectively 38°, 55°, 65° ° and 75 °, the primary and secondary image reflectance C of Comparative Example 1 was also less than 10, less than 480, less than 45, and less than 10 respectively; and, the a value of the reflection color of Comparative Example 1 was greater than 1; 1 cannot meet the comprehensive requirements of making the HUD image have high reflectance, color neutral display as much as possible, and larger viewing angle at the same time, and the head-up display glass of Comparative Example 1 does not have excellent appearance color.
  • Comparative example 2 adopts the transparent nanofilm of three-layer structure, and under any incident angle in the scope of 38 °-85 °, the reflectivity Rp of comparative example 2 is all less than the reflectivity Rp of embodiment 1-6; Especially at 55 °-75 ° in the incident angle range, the reflectivity Rp of comparative example 2 is significantly less than the reflectivity Rp of embodiment 1-6;
  • the primary and secondary image reflectance C of ratio 2 is also less than 10, less than 480, less than 45, less than 10, less than 10 respectively;
  • the HUD image also has comprehensive requirements such as high reflectance, color-neutral display as much as possible, and a larger viewing angle, and the head-up display glass of Comparative Example 2 does not have an excellent appearance color, and even part of the measurement results of Comparative Example 2 are compared The ratio of 1 is even worse.
  • Comparative example 3 adopts the transparent nano film of four-layer structure, under any incident angle in the range of 38 °-85 °, the reflectivity Rp of comparative example 1 is all less than the reflectivity Rp of embodiment 1-6; When it is 38 °, 55 ° and 65 °, the reflectance C of the main and secondary images of Comparative Example 1 is also less than 10, less than 480, and less than 45 respectively; Comprehensive requirements such as a color-neutral display and a larger viewing angle as much as possible.
  • Embodiments 1-6 adopt the transparent nano-film 12 of five-layer structure, which can meet the comprehensive requirements of HUD images with high reflectance, color-neutral display as much as possible, and larger viewing angle and the requirements of Embodiments 1-6.
  • the head-up display glasses 10 all have excellent appearance colors.
  • the reflectance C of the primary and secondary images of the head-up display glasses of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 3, and Embodiment 5 is greater than or equal to 60 when the incident angle is 65°.
  • the reflectance range of the head-up display glass 10 of Examples 1-4 to P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 65° within the wavelength range of 460nm-630nm is less than or equal to 3%, or even less than or equal to 2%.
  • the head-up display glass 10 of Examples 2-4 has an excellent neutral appearance color.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种抬头显示玻璃及抬头显示系统，所述抬头显示玻璃包括相对设置的外表面和内表面，在所述内表面上设置能够反射P偏振光的透明纳米膜，所述透明纳米膜包括在所述内表面上依次层叠的第一高折射率层、第二高折射率层、第一低折射率层、第三高折射率层和第二低折射率层，所述第一高折射率层、所述第二高折射率层和所述第三高折射率层的折射率大于1.8，所述第一低折射率层和所述第二低折射率层的折射率小于或等于1.8。本申请的技术方案能够解决传统的抬头显示玻璃呈现的HUD图像不清晰等问题，使驾驶员或乘客可以更清楚的看到HUD图像，改善视觉舒适性，提升用户的使用体验。

Description

抬头显示玻璃及抬头显示系统 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其是涉及一种抬头显示玻璃及抬头显示系统。
背景技术
抬头显示(Head Up Display，简称HUD)系统在车辆上的应用越来越广泛，其能够在驾驶员的视野中实时显示虚拟的HUD图像，使驾驶员不用转头、低头就能够观察到车速、发动机转数、油耗、胎压、导航等行车信息以及外接智能设备的信息，能够极大地增强行车安全和改善驾驶体验。
目前，抬头显示系统通常包括投影装置和车窗玻璃，车窗玻璃具有朝向车内的内表面和朝向车外的外表面，投影装置将图像信息投影到车窗玻璃的内表面上并经过车窗玻璃的反射进入到驾驶员的眼睛中。而传统的投影装置主要产生包含S偏振光的投影光线，这种投影光线在从空气到玻璃的内表面处和从玻璃到空气的外表面处分别被反射，从而产生两个偏移的图像，即所谓的重影现象，导致HUD图像不清晰以及视觉舒适性较差。
发明内容
基于此，本申请提供一种抬头显示玻璃及抬头显示系统，能够解决传统的抬头显示玻璃呈现的HUD图像不清晰等问题，使驾驶员或乘客可以更清楚的看到HUD图像，改善视觉舒适性，提升用户的使用体验。
第一方面，本申请提供一种抬头显示玻璃，包括相对设置的外表面和内表面，在所述内表面上设置能够反射P偏振光的透明纳米膜，所述透明纳米膜包括在所述内表面上依次层叠的第一高折射率层、第二高折射率层、第一低折射率层、第三高折射率层和第二低折射率层，所述第一高折射率层、所述第二高折射率层和所述第三高折射率层的折射率大于1.8，所述第一低折射率层和所述第二低折射率层的折射率小于或等于1.8。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一高折射率层的折射率低于第二高折射率层折射率，且所述第一高折射率层的折射率与所述第二高折射率的差值大于或等于0.3。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述抬头显示玻璃对以38°～85°入射角入射的P偏振光具有至少13％的反射率。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述抬头显示玻璃对以55°～85°入射角入射的P偏振光具有至少16％的反射率。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述抬头显示玻璃对以65°入射角入射的P偏振光具有至少18％的反射率。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述抬头显示玻璃对以65°入射角入射的P偏振光在460nm-630nm波长范围内的反射率极差小于或等于6％。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一低折射率层的厚度为130nm-200nm，所述第三高折射率层的厚度为20nm-80nm，所述第二低折射率层的厚度为80nm-130nm。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一高折射率层的厚度为25nm-75nm，或所述第一高折射 率层的厚度为85nm-145nm，或所述第一高折射率层的厚度大于或者等于200nm。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二高折射率层的厚度为5nm-35nm，或所述第二高折射率层的厚度为80nm-145nm，或所述第二高折射率层的厚度为190nm-230nm。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一高折射率层的厚度为85nm-145nm，且所述第二高折射率层的厚度为5nm-35nm。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一高折射率层的厚度为85nm-145nm，且所述第二高折射率层的厚度为190nm-230nm。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一高折射率层的厚度为25nm-75nm，且所述第二高折射率层的厚度为80nm-145nm。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一高折射率层的厚度为25nm-75nm，且所述第二高折射率层的厚度为190nm-230nm。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述抬头显示玻璃包括夹层玻璃，所述夹层玻璃包括外层玻璃、内层玻璃和设于外层玻璃与内层玻璃之间的中间层，所述外层玻璃远离所述中间层的表面为所述外表面，所述内层玻璃远离所述中间层表面为所述内表面，所述外层玻璃为着色玻璃和/或所述中间层为着色中间层，所述抬头显示玻璃的可见光透过率大于或等于70％。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述抬头显示玻璃还包括抗指纹膜、隔热膜、电加热膜中的一种或多种。
第二方面，本申请提供一种抬头显示系统，包括投影装置和如上所述的抬头显示玻璃，所述投影装置用于产生包含P偏振光的投影光线，所述投影光线中的P偏振光占比大于或等于80％，所述投影光线以38°～85°入射角入射到所述透明纳米膜上。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述投影光线通过所述透明纳米膜的反射形成抬头显示主像，所述投影光线通过所述外表面的反射形成抬头显示副像，所述抬头显示主像的反射率与所述抬头显示副像的反射率之比大于10。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述投影光线以55°入射角入射所述抬头显示玻璃时，所述抬头显示主像的反射率与所述抬头显示副像的反射率之比大于480。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述投影光线以65°入射角入射所述抬头显示玻璃时，所述抬头显示主像的反射率与所述抬头显示副像的反射率之比大于45。
一种可能的实施方式中，从所述外表面一侧测量，以65°入射角入射所述抬头显示玻璃时，基于D65光源，所述抬头显示玻璃的反射颜色的Lab值中的a值小于或等于1，且b值小于或等于2.5。
本申请提供的抬头显示玻璃及抬头显示系统，能够更好地替代采用楔形中间层的传统抬头显示玻璃，得到清晰、无目视重影且高反射比的HUD图像，还能够满足佩戴墨镜的驾驶员的使用需求，以及能够配合入射角在38°-85°范围内的投影光线使用，能够满足视场角大于或等于10°的AR-HUD使用，实现更远距离、更大尺寸的图像显示，从而进一步改善视觉舒适性，提升用户的使用体验。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以如这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的抬头显示系统的结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种抬头显示玻璃的结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的透明纳米膜的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本申请的具体实施方式。虽然附图中显示了本申请的示例性实施方式，但应当理解的是，还可以采用不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施本申请，因此，本申请不受下面这些实施方式的限制。
为了方便理解，首先对本申请的实施例所涉及的术语进行解释。
厚度：为物理厚度。
折射率：为透射光在550nm波长处的折射率。
入射角：是在投影装置产生的投影光线入射至抬头显示玻璃上时与入射位置处的面法线之间的夹角。
本申请提供一种抬头显示玻璃及抬头显示系统，能够解决传统的抬头显示玻璃呈现的HUD图像不清晰等问题，使驾驶员或乘客可以更清楚的看到HUD图像。由于传统抬头显示玻璃采用楔形中间层以消除重影，其存在材料成本高、工艺难度高、不同车型需要设计不同楔形角而适用性差等缺点，本申请提供的抬头显示玻璃能够更好地替代这种传统抬头显示玻璃。同时，这种传统抬头显示玻璃只能配合入射角在60°-70°范围内的投影光线使用，相应地产生的HUD图像的视场角(FOV)也通常小于5°，只能实现近距离、小尺寸的图像显示，而且随着入射角的范围的增大，抬头显示投影成像的重影问题越来越严重，仅依靠楔形中间层也无法完全解决重影问题。与这种传统抬头显示玻璃相比，本申请提供的抬头显示玻璃还能够配合入射角在38°-85°范围内的投影光线使用，能够满足视场角大于或等于10°的AR-HUD(增强现实抬头现实)使用，实现更远距离、更大尺寸的图像显示，从而进一步改善视觉舒适性，提升用户的使用体验。
请参阅图1，车辆1000包括车体200和抬头显示系统100。抬头显示系统100和车200体相连。抬头显示系统100包括投影装置20和抬头显示玻璃10。
需说明的是，图1的目的仅在于示意性的描述车体200和抬头显示系统100的连接关系，并非是对各个设备的连接位置、具体构造及数量做具体限定。而本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对车辆1000的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，车辆1000可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
抬头显示玻璃10可以是车辆1000的前挡风玻璃，投影装置20可以设于车内。请参阅图2，投影装置20朝向抬头显示玻璃10发射投影光线，投影光线经抬头显示玻璃10反射后，所呈现的像被人眼接收。投影装置20所发出的投影光束的中心线与抬头显示玻璃10的入射位置处的面法线1之间的夹角a范围在38°-85°之间(包括端点值38°和85°)。为了避免采用较大楔角的楔形中间层，投影装置20所发射的投影光线包含P偏振光，且投影光线中的P偏振光占比大于或等于80％，优选P偏振光占比大于或等于90％，更优选P偏振光占比大于或等于95％，甚至P偏振光占比为100％(即投影光线为纯P偏振光)。本申请使用P偏振光进行投影，利用P偏振光入射在玻璃和空气界面上反射率较低，特别是以布儒斯 特角θB入射时基本不发生反射以及透明纳米膜能够反射部分P偏振光的特性从而完全消除目视重影现象；与只能配合S偏振光的投影光线使用的传统抬头显示玻璃相比，本申请提高的抬头显示玻璃、抬头显示系统能够满足佩戴墨镜的驾驶员的使用需求。
可以理解的是，本申请提供的抬头显示玻璃还能够配合入射角在38°-85°范围内的投影光线使用，大幅扩大了投影光线的入射角范围，使投影装置20可以向抬头显示玻璃10上的更大区域发出投影光线，其投影光线可以被抬头显示玻璃10反射而成像，甚至投影装置20所发出的投影光线可以在抬头显示玻璃10上的全区域进行反射成像。当投影光线在抬头显示玻璃10上的入射角为38°和85°时，抬头显示玻璃10均能够配合投影光线产生清晰的HUD图像，具有良好的显示效果。
请参阅图3，抬头显示玻璃10包括夹层玻璃11和透明纳米膜12。夹层玻璃11包括相对设置的内表面1120和外表面1100。内表面1120为夹层玻璃11安装于车辆1000时，朝向车内的表面，透明纳米膜12设于内表面1120。示例性的，当可见光垂直入射抬头显示玻璃10时，抬头显示玻璃10的可见光透过率大于或等于70％，满足法规对车辆1000的前挡风玻璃的要求。
请再次参阅图2，在夹层玻璃11的内表面1120沉积透明纳米膜12可增加抬头显示玻璃对对P偏振光的反射，使P偏振光入射到透明纳米膜12上时被以较高的反射率反射形成抬头显示主像201，而进入夹层玻璃内部的P偏振光在夹层玻璃11的外表面1100与空气交界处被以较低的反射率反射形成抬头显示副像202，且形成抬头显示副像202的P偏振光还会被夹层玻璃吸收以及被透明纳米膜12再次反射，进一步削弱了抬头显示副像202的反射率，从而得到清晰、无目视重影且高反射比的HUD图像。
需说明的是，用作前挡风玻璃的夹层玻璃11通常为弯曲形状，但夹层玻璃11的形状并不局限于前述描述的形状，其可以是满足车窗玻璃使用要求的任何形状，例如夹层玻璃11也可以呈平直板状，本申请的实施例对于夹层玻璃11的形状不做严格要求。示例性的，夹层玻璃11具有从底边到顶边方向上的垂直曲率半径，为了便于抬头显示玻璃10的设计和生产，垂直曲率半径为4000mm-20000mm。
夹层玻璃11包括外层玻璃110、内层玻璃112和设于外层玻璃110与内层玻璃112之间的中间层111。其中外层玻璃110远离中间层111的表面为外表面1100，内层玻璃112远离中间层111的表面为内表面1120。透明纳米膜12设于内层玻璃112的内表面1120。示例性的，外层玻璃110和内层玻璃112可以选用透明玻璃，也可以选用着色玻璃，例如着色绿玻、着色灰玻等，但外层玻璃110和内层玻璃112的可见光透过率均需大于或等于70％。外层玻璃110和内层玻璃112的材质可以包括钠钙硅玻璃、硼硅酸玻璃或者铝硅酸玻璃等。外层玻璃110的厚度可以为1.5mm-3.5mm，例如1.6mm、1.8mm、2.1mm、2.5mm、3.0mm、3.5mm等，内层玻璃112的厚度可以0.7mm-2.5mm，例如0.7mm、0.9mm、1.1mm、1.6mm、2.1mm、2.5mm等。示例性的，内层玻璃112的厚度小于外层玻璃110的厚度，例如，外层玻璃110的厚度比内层玻璃112的厚度大至少0.3mm，采用较薄的内层玻璃112可以形成非对称厚度的夹层玻璃结构，在减轻抬头显示玻璃的总厚度实现轻量化的基础上，一定程度上提高抬头显示玻璃的强度，还能够进一步提高抬头显示图像的质量。
中间层111用于连接外层玻璃110与内层玻璃112，使抬头显示玻璃10整体呈现夹层结构，以提高抬头显示玻璃10的安全性，使其满足车辆用窗玻璃的安全标准和法规要求。中间层111的材质可以是聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)或离子型聚合物膜(SGP)等。示例性的，中间层111可以为单层结构或多层结构，多层结构可 以举例有双层结构、三层结构、四层结构、五层结构等。中间层111还可以具有其他功能，例如设置至少一个着色区用作阴影带从而降低太阳光对人眼的干扰，或者增添红外线吸收剂从而具有防晒或隔热功能，或者增添紫外线吸收剂从而具有隔紫外线功能，又或者多层结构的至少一层的增塑剂含量更高从而具有隔音功能。传统抬头显示玻璃为了消除重影，通常采用具有至少0.3mrad楔角的楔形中间层，使得设计、生产、调试抬头显示系统均较为困难，本申请提供的抬头显示玻璃可以采用普通的等厚中间层进行直接替代。可以理解的是，本申请也可以选用较小楔角的楔形中间层，例如楔形中间层的楔角为0.01～0.15mrad，例如0.01mard、0.02mrad、0.03mrad、0.04mrad、0.05mrad、0.06mrad、0.07mrad、0.08mrad、0.09mrad、0.10mrad、0.11mrad、0.12mrad、0.13mrad、0.14mrad、0.15mrad等，这样可以进一步消除车辆外部环境中的景物透过抬头显示玻璃产生的透视重影，较小楔角的楔形中间层可以通过简单拉伸工艺获得，从而能够以低成本的方式同时消除反射重影和透视重影，获得更高质量的抬头显示图像和观察效果。中间层111可以为透明中间层，也可以为着色中间层，其可见光透过率大于或等于80％，优选大于或等于85％，更优选大于或等于90％。中间层111的厚度可以为0.38mm-1.6mm，例如0.38mm、0.5mm、0.76mm、1.14mm、1.52mm、1.6mm等。
请参阅图4，透明纳米膜12包括高折射率层121和低折射率层122。其中，高折射率层121的折射率大于1.8，优选大于或等于1.85，更优选大于或等于1.9；低折射率层122的折射率小于或者等于1.8，优选小于或等于1.7，更优选小于或等于1.6。示例性的，透明纳米膜12包括在内表面1120上依次沉积的第一高折射率层121a、第二高折射率层121b、第一低折射率层122a、第三高折射率层121c和第二低折射率层122b。通过第一高折射率层121a、第二高折射率层121b、第一低折射率层122a、第三高折射率层121c和第二低折射率层122b的设计匹配，使抬头显示玻璃对以38°～85°入射角入射的P偏振光具有至少13％的反射率，满足了更大的视场角(FOV)要求甚至AR-HUD的要求，并且能够实现透明纳米膜12的光学性能、机械性能以及外观颜色等方面均满足车辆用窗玻璃的综合要求。
高折射率层121材料包括Zr、Nb、Si、Sb、Sn、Zn、In、Al、Ni、Cr、Mg、Mn、V、W、Hf、Ta、Mo、Ga、Y、Bi、Ta的氧化物或氮化物或氮氧化物中的至少一种。高折射率层121包括第一高折射率层121a、第二高折射率层121b和第三高折射率层121c，具体为，第一高折射率层121a、第二高折射率层121b和第三高折射率层121c的折射率均大于1.8，优选大于或等于1.9。其中，为了更好实现透明纳米膜12的光学性能、机械性能以及外观颜色等方面均满足车辆用窗玻璃的综合要求，第一高折射率层121a的折射率优选为1.9-2.2，可举例为1.9、2.0、2.1、2.2等。其中，为了更好实现透明纳米膜12的光学性能、机械性能以及外观颜色等方面均满足车辆用窗玻璃的综合要求，第二高折射率层121b和第三高折射率层121c的折射率优选大于2.2，更优选大于或等于2.3，甚至优选大于或等于2.4，可举例为2.5、2.65、2.72等。第一高折射率层121a材料可以包括氧化锌锡(ZnSnO x)、镁掺杂的氧化锌锡(ZnSnMgO x)、钛掺杂的氧化锌锡(ZnSnTiO x)、锆掺杂的氧化锌锡(ZnSnZrO x)、氮化硅铝(SiAlN x)、氮化硅锆(SiZrN x)、氮氧化硅铝(SiAlON x)、氮氧化硅锆(SiZrON x)、氮化硅(SiN x)、氧化锆(ZrO x)、氧化锌(ZnO x)、铝掺杂的氧化锌(AZO)、掺铪和铝的氧化锌(HAZO)、掺钇的氧化锌(YZO)、掺镓的氧化锌(GZO)。第二高折射率层121b的材料和第三高折射率层121c的材料可以包括氧化钛(TiO x)、氧化铌(Nb 2O 5)、氮化硅锆(SiZrN x)。x取值可以根据磁控溅射工艺中以化学计量方式、亚化学计量方式或超化学计量方式沉积等进行确定。
低折射率层122材料包括Si、Al、Mg、Zr的氧化物或氮化物或碳化物或氟化物中的至少一种。低折射率层122包括第一低折射率层122a和第二低折射率层122b。具体为，第一 低折射率层122a和第二低折射率层122b的折射率等于或小于1.8，优选小于或等于1.7，更优选小于或等于1.6，可举例为1.52、1.50、1.47、1.38等。第一低折射率层122a的材料和第二低折射率层122b的材料可以包括氧化硅(SiO 2)、氧化铝(Al 2O 3)、氧化镁(MgO)、氟化镁(MgF)。
为了得到高反射比的HUD图像，本申请的抬头显示玻璃10对以38°～85°入射角入射的P偏振光具有至少13％的反射率；优选地，抬头显示玻璃10对以55°～85°入射角入射的P偏振光具有至少16％的反射率；更优选地，抬头显示玻璃对以65°入射角入射的P偏振光具有至少18％的反射率，或至少20％的反射率，或至少22％的反射率，或至少24％的反射率，这样有助于实现抬头显示玻璃的产品商业化应用。
在一些实施方式中，第一高折射率层121a的折射率低于第二高折射率层121b的折射率，且第一高折射率层121a的折射率与第二高折射率层121b的折射率的差值大于或等于0.3，差值具体可举例为0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9等，通过第一高折射率层121a与第二高折射率层121b进行折射率设计匹配，能够在得到高反射比的HUD图像的基础上，使抬头显示玻璃10对P偏振光的反射光谱更加平滑，具体的，抬头显示玻璃10对以65°入射角入射的P偏振光在460nm-630nm波长范围内的反射率极差小于或等于6％，优选地极差小于或等于5％，更优选地极差小于或等于3％，甚至极差小于或等于2％，从而实现HUD图像的尽可能色彩中性显示。
在一些实施方式中，第一低折射率层122a的厚度为130nm-200nm，第三高折射率层121c的厚度为20nm-80nm，第二低折射率层122b的厚度为80nm-130nm；在一些实施方式中，第一高折射率层121a的厚度为25nm-75nm，或为85nm-145nm，或不小于200nm；在一些实施方式中，第二高折射率层121b的厚度为5nm-35nm，或为80nm-145nm，或为190nm-230nm；通过第一高折射率层121a、第二高折射率层121b、第一低折射率层122a、第三高折射率层121c和第二低折射率层122b的厚度设计匹配，能够使HUD图像同时具有高反射比、尽可能色彩中性的显示、满足更大的视场角等综合要求以及抬头显示玻璃具有优异的外观颜色。
在一些实施方式中，第一高折射率层121a的厚度为85nm-145nm，且第二高折射率层121b的厚度为5nm-35nm。
在一些实施方式中，第一高折射率层121a的厚度为85nm-145nm，且第二高折射率层121b的厚度为190nm-230nm。
在一些实施方式中，第一高折射率层121a的厚度为25nm-75nm，且第二高折射率层121b的厚度为80nm-145nm。
在一些实施方式中，第一高折射率层121a的厚度为25nm-75nm，且第二高折射率层121b的厚度为190nm-230nm。
在一些实施方式中，外层玻璃110为着色玻璃和/或中间层111为着色中间层，着色玻璃和着色中间层对P偏振光具有更多的吸收，可以进一步降低抬头显示副像202的反射率，大大提高抬头显示主像201与抬头显示副像202的反射比。
请再次参阅图2，本申请还提供一种抬头显示系统100，包括投影装置20和的抬头显示玻璃10，投影装置20用于产生包含P偏振光的投影光线，投影光线中的P偏振光占比大于或等于80％，投影光线以38°～85°入射角入射到透明纳米膜12上。
在一些实施方式中，投影光线通过透明纳米膜12的反射形成抬头显示主像201，通过外表面1100的反射形成抬头显示副像202，抬头显示主像201的反射率与抬头显示副像202的反射率之比大于10，使得投影光线即使以38°和85°入射角入射到透明纳米膜12 上仍然可以获得清晰的HUD图像，能够满足更大视场角甚至AR-HUD的使用。
在一些实施方式中，投影光线以55°入射角入射时，抬头显示主像的反射率与抬头显示副像的反射率之比大于480。
在一些实施方式中，投影光线以65°入射角入射时，抬头显示主像的反射率与抬头显示副像的反射率之比大于45。
在一些实施方式中，从外表面一侧测量，抬头显示玻璃具有65°入射角下的反射颜色的Lab值中的a值小于或等于1、b值小于或等于2.5，从而使抬头显示玻璃具有优异的外观颜色。
投影装置20用于输出相关文字、图像信息例如速度、发动机转数、油耗、胎压、动态导航、夜视、实景地图等到抬头显示玻璃10上，从而被车内的观察者所观察到，实现抬头显示(HUD)，甚至增强现实抬头显示(AR-HUD)。投影装置20为本领域技术人员已知的元件，包括但不限于激光、发光二极管(LED)、液晶显示屏(LCD)、数字光处理(DLP)、电致发光(EL)、阴极射线管(CRT)、真空荧光管(VFD)、准直镜、球面校正镜、凸透镜、凹透镜、反射镜和/或偏振镜等。同时，投影装置20的位置和入射角度是可调的，以适合车内不同位置或高度的观察者。
在一些实施方式中，抬头显示玻璃10还可以包括抗指纹膜、隔热膜、电加热膜中的一种或多种。
抗指纹膜可以设置在透明纳米膜12上且覆盖透明纳米膜12的至少部分区域，以防止指纹等污染透明纳米膜12，从而保证更高质量地实现抬头显示。
隔热膜可以设置在外层玻璃110的靠近中间层111的表面和/或内层玻璃112的靠近中间层111的表面，隔热膜可以是单银隔热膜、双银隔热膜、三银隔热膜、四银隔热膜或透明导电氧化物(TCO)隔热膜中的一种或多种；其中，单银隔热膜、双银隔热膜、三银隔热膜、四银隔热膜、透明导电氧化物(TCO)隔热膜分别指具有一个银层、两个银层、三个银层、四个银层、TCO层的透明纳米隔热膜，除了银层或TCO层外，透明纳米隔热膜还包含至少两个介质层，介质层可以用来保护银层或TCO层以及调节隔热膜的光学性能、外观颜色等。隔热膜可以使车辆内部具有更好的乘坐舒适性，单银隔热膜、双银隔热膜、三银隔热膜、四银隔热膜、TCO隔热膜可以通过磁控溅射沉积工艺直接设置在外层玻璃110的靠近中间层111的表面和/或内层玻璃112的靠近中间层111的表面。
电加热膜可以设置在外层玻璃110的靠近中间层111的表面和/或内层玻璃112的靠近中间层111的表面，电加热膜可以是双银电加热膜、三银电加热膜、四银电加热膜、五银电加热膜中的任意一种，通过在夹层玻璃中设置至少两个汇流母线，可以将供电电源的电流输入到电加热膜内，以使电加热膜发热从而对夹层玻璃进行加热以实现除霜、除雾甚至除冰除雪的功能，进一步提高驾驶安全性。其中，双银电加热膜、三银电加热膜、四银电加热膜、五银电加热膜分别指具有两个银层、三个银层、四个银层、五个银层的透明纳米导电膜，除了银层外，透明纳米导电膜还包含至少两个介质层，介质层可以用来保护银层以及调节电加热膜的光学性能、外观颜色等。电加热膜可以通过磁控溅射沉积工艺直接设置在外层玻璃110的靠近中间层111的表面和/或内层玻璃112的靠近中间层111的表面。
对比例1-3和实施例1-6
准备外层玻璃110、中间层111和内层玻璃112，外层玻璃110为2.1mm厚的着色绿玻，中间层111为等厚的透明PVB，内层玻璃112为1.6mm厚的透明玻璃，在内层玻璃112的内表面1120上通过磁控溅射工艺沉积对比例1-3和实施例1-6中的透明纳米膜，然后按照车辆 玻璃生产工艺进行加工制造，得到对比例1-3和实施例1-6中的抬头显示玻璃。
对比例1：
透明纳米膜为双层结构：在内表面1120上依次沉积64.8nm厚度的TiOx高折射率层和131.5nm厚度的SiO 2低折射率层。
对比例2：
透明纳米膜为三层结构：在内表面1120上依次沉积45.5nm厚度的TiOx高折射率层、25.0nm厚度的ZnSnOx高折射率层和93.0nm厚度的SiO 2低折射率层。其中，TiOx高折射率层的折射率大于ZnSnOx高折射率层的折射率。
对比例3：
透明纳米膜为四层结构：在内表面1120上依次沉积10.9nm厚度的ZnSnOx高折射率层、172.4nm厚度的SiO 2低折射率层、63.5nm厚度的TiOx高折射率层和101.3nm厚度的SiO 2低折射率层。
实施例1：
透明纳米膜12为五层结构：在内表面1120上依次沉积107.6nm厚度的第一高折射率层121a(ZnSnMgOx)、18.8nm厚度的第二高折射率层121b(TiOx)、178.3nm厚度的第一低折射率层122a(SiO 2)、43.3nm厚度的第三高折射率层121c(TiOx)及113.2nm厚度的第二低折射率层122b(SiO 2)。其中，第一高折射率层121a(ZnSnMgOx)的折射率小于第二高折射率层121b的折射率(TiOx)。
实施例2：
透明纳米膜12为五层结构：在内表面1120上依次沉积43.7nm厚度的第一高折射率层121a(ZnSnOx)、93nm厚度的第二高折射率层121b(TiOx)、154.3nm厚度的第一低折射率层122a(SiO 2)、49.1nm厚度的第三高折射率层121c(TiOx)及100nm厚度的第二低折射率层122b(SiO 2)。其中，第一高折射率层121a(ZnSnOx)的折射率小于第二高折射率层121b(TiOx)的折射率。
实施例3：
透明纳米膜12为五层结构：在内表面1120上依次沉积72nm厚度的第一高折射率层121a(ZnSnOx)、199.8nm厚度的第二高折射率层121b(TiOx)、167nm厚度的第一低折射率层122a(SiO 2)、28.2nm厚度的第三高折射率层121c(TiOx)及125.9nm厚度的第二低折射率层122b(SiO 2)。其中，第一高折射率层121a(ZnSnOx)的折射率小于第二高折射率层121b(TiOx)的折射率。
实施例4：
透明纳米膜12为五层结构：在内表面1120上依次沉积118nm厚度的第一高折射率层121a(ZnSnMgOx)、11.9nm厚度的第二高折射率层121b(TiOx)、177.9nm厚度的第一低折射率层122a(SiO 2)、52.2nm厚度的第三高折射率层121c(TiOx)及103.6nm厚度的第二低折射率层122b(SiO 2)。其中，第一高折射率层121a(ZnSnMgOx)的折射率小于第二高折射率层121b的折射率(TiOx)。
实施例5：
透明纳米膜12为五层结构：在内表面1120上依次沉积226.9nm厚度的第一高折射率层121a(SiAlNx)、91.1nm厚度的第二高折射率层121b(TiOx)、161.5nm厚度的第一低折射率层122a(SiO 2)、36.6nm厚度的第三高折射率层121c(TiOx)及114nm厚度的第二低折射率层122b(SiO 2)。其中，第一高折射率层121a(SiAlNx)的折射率小于第二高折射率层 121b(TiOx)的折射率。
实施例6：
透明纳米膜12为五层结构：在内表面1120上依次沉积51.5nm厚度的第一高折射率层121a(ZnSnOx)、199.8nm厚度的第二高折射率层121b(TiOx)、167nm厚度的第一低折射率层122a(SiO 2)、28.2nm厚度的第三高折射率层121c(TiOx)及125.9nm厚度的第二低折射率层122b(SiO 2)。其中，第一高折射率层121a(ZnSnOx)的折射率小于第二高折射率层121b的折射率(TiOx)。
将对比例1-3和实施例1-6的抬头显示玻璃和投影装置组成抬头显示系统，投影装置产生包含至少99％的P偏振光的投影光线，投影光线以38°-85°入射角入射至透明纳米膜上，调节投影装置的位置和投影光线的入射角使观察者能够观察到的抬头显示图像达到最清晰，测量计算反射率Rp、主副像反射比C、可见光透过率TL、反射颜色a、b等。
反射率Rp：从内表面一侧，根据ISO9050测量计算抬头显示玻璃对以38°、45°、55°、65°、75°、85°入射的投影光线的反射率；
反射率极差Range：从内表面一侧，测量抬头显示玻璃对以65°入射的投影光线在460nm-630nm波长范围内的最大反射率和最小反射率，最大反射率与最小反射率之差为反射率极差；
主副像反射比C：从内表面一侧，根据ISO9050测量测量计算以38°、45°、55°、65°、75°、85°入射的投影光线产生的抬头显示主像的反射率、抬头显示副像的反射率，根据“主副像反射比＝抬头显示主像的反射率/抬头显示副像的反射率”计算；
可见光透过率TL：根据ISO9050计算；
反射颜色a、b：从外表面一侧，测量在65°入射角情况下，基于D65光源、10°视场角下，按照CIE Lab颜色模型计算，a值表示红绿值，b值表示黄蓝值；
将对比例1-3和实施例1-2的测量结果计入表1中。
表1：对比例1-3和实施例1-2的抬头显示玻璃的测量结果
Figure PCTCN2022093886-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022093886-appb-000002
将实施例3-6的测量结果计入表2中。
表2：实施例3-6的抬头显示玻璃的测量结果
Figure PCTCN2022093886-appb-000003
从表1和表2可以看出，对比例1采用双层结构的透明纳米膜，在38°-85°范围内的任一入射角下，对比例1的反射率Rp均小于实施例1-6的反射率Rp；特别是在55°-75°入射角范围内，对比例1的反射率Rp大幅小于实施例1-6的反射率Rp；在入射角分别为38°、55°、65°和75°时，对比例1的主副像反射比C还分别小于10、小于480、小于45、小于10；并且，对比例1的反射颜色的a值大于1；由此可见，对比例1无法满足使HUD图像同时具有高反射比、尽可能色彩中性的显示、更大的视场角等综合要求以及对比例1的抬头显示玻璃不具有优异的外观颜色。
对比例2采用三层结构的透明纳米膜，在38°-85°范围内的任一入射角下，对比例2的反射率Rp均小于实施例1-6的反射率Rp；特别是在55°-75°入射角范围内，对比例2的反射率Rp大幅小于实施例1-6的反射率Rp；在入射角分别为38°、55°、65°、75°、85°时，对比例2的主副像反射比C还分别小于10、小于480、小于45、小于10、小于10；并且，对比例1的反射颜色的a值大于2；由此可见，对比例2无法满足使HUD图像同时具有高反射比、尽可能色彩中性的显示、更大的视场角等综合要求以及对比例2的抬头显示玻璃不具有优异的外观颜色，甚至对比例2的部分测量结果比对比例1的还差。
对比例3采用四层结构的透明纳米膜，在38°-85°范围内的任一入射角下，对比例1的反射率Rp均小于实施例1-6的反射率Rp；在入射角分别为38°、55°和65°时，对比例1的主副像反射比C还分别小于10、小于480、小于45；由此可见，对比例3无法满足使HUD图像同时具有高反射比、尽可能色彩中性的显示、更大的视场角等综合要求。
实施例1-6采用五层结构的透明纳米膜12，能够满足使HUD图像同时具有高反射比、 尽可能色彩中性的显示、更大的视场角等综合要求以及实施例1-6的抬头显示玻璃10均具有优异的外观颜色。其中，实施例1、实施例3、实施例5的抬头显示玻璃在入射角为65°时的主副像反射比C均大于或等于60。其中，实施例1-4的抬头显示玻璃10对以65°入射角入射的P偏振光在460nm-630nm波长范围内的反射率极差均小于或等于3％，甚至小于或等于2％。其中，实施例2-4的抬头显示玻璃10具有优异的中性外观颜色。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“具体实施例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，包括相对设置的外表面和内表面，在所述内表面上设置能够反射P偏振光的透明纳米膜，所述透明纳米膜包括在所述内表面上依次层叠的第一高折射率层、第二高折射率层、第一低折射率层、第三高折射率层和第二低折射率层，所述第一高折射率层、所述第二高折射率层和所述第三高折射率层的折射率大于1.8，所述第一低折射率层和所述第二低折射率层的折射率小于或等于1.8。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述第一高折射率层的折射率低于第二高折射率层折射率，且所述第一高折射率层的折射率与所述第二高折射率的差值大于或等于0.3。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述抬头显示玻璃对以38°～85°入射角入射的P偏振光具有至少13％的反射率。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述抬头显示玻璃对以55°～85°入射角入射的P偏振光具有至少16％的反射率。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述抬头显示玻璃对以65°入射角入射的P偏振光具有至少18％的反射率。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述抬头显示玻璃对以65°入射角入射的P偏振光在460nm-630nm波长范围内的反射率极差小于或等于6％。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述第一低折射率层的厚度为130nm-200nm，所述第三高折射率层的厚度为20nm-80nm，所述第二低折射率层的厚度为80nm-130nm。
  8. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述第一高折射率层的厚度为25nm-75nm，或所述第一高折射率层的厚度为85nm-145nm，或所述第一高折射率层的厚度大于或者等于200nm。
  9. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述第二高折射率层的厚度为5nm-35nm，或所述第二高折射率层的厚度为80nm-145nm，或所述第二高折射率层的厚度为190nm-230nm。
  10. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述第一高折射率层的厚度为85nm-145nm，且所述第二高折射率层的厚度为5nm-35nm。
  11. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述第一高折射率层的厚度为85nm-145nm，且所述第二高折射率层的厚度为190nm-230nm。
  12. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述第一高折射率层的厚度为25nm-75nm，且所述第二高折射率层的厚度为80nm-145nm。
  13. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述第一高折射率层的厚度为25nm-75nm，且所述第二高折射率层的厚度为190nm-230nm。
  14. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述抬头显示玻璃包括夹层玻璃，所述夹层玻璃包括外层玻璃、内层玻璃和设于外层玻璃与内层玻璃之间的中间层，所述外层玻璃远离所述中间层的表面为所述外表面，所述内层玻璃远离所述中间层表面为所述内表面，所述外层玻璃为着色玻璃和/或所述中间层为着色中间层，所述抬头显示玻璃的可见光透过率大于或等于70％。
  15. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的抬头显示玻璃，其特征在于，所述抬头显示玻璃还包 括抗指纹膜、隔热膜、电加热膜中的一种或多种。
  16. 一种抬头显示系统，其特征在于，包括投影装置和如权利要求1-15任一项所述的抬头显示玻璃，所述投影装置用于产生包含P偏振光的投影光线，所述投影光线中的P偏振光占比大于或等于80％，所述投影光线以38°～85°入射角入射到所述透明纳米膜上。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的抬头显示系统，其特征在于，所述投影光线通过所述透明纳米膜的反射形成抬头显示主像，所述投影光线通过所述外表面的反射形成抬头显示副像，所述抬头显示主像的反射率与所述抬头显示副像的反射率之比大于10。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的抬头显示系统，其特征在于，所述投影光线以55°入射角入射所述抬头显示玻璃时，所述抬头显示主像的反射率与所述抬头显示副像的反射率之比大于480。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的抬头显示系统，其特征在于，所述投影光线以65°入射角入射所述抬头显示玻璃时，所述抬头显示主像的反射率与所述抬头显示副像的反射率之比大于45。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的抬头显示系统，其特征在于，从所述外表面一侧测量，以65°入射角入射所述抬头显示玻璃时，基于D65光源，所述抬头显示玻璃的反射颜色的Lab值中的a值小于或等于1，且b值小于或等于2.5。
PCT/CN2022/093886 2022-05-19 2022-05-19 抬头显示玻璃及抬头显示系统 WO2023155316A1 (zh)

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