WO2023095925A1 - 重合体組成物及び単層位相差材 - Google Patents
重合体組成物及び単層位相差材 Download PDFInfo
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- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
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- C08F220/30—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/301—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and one oxygen in the alcohol moiety
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- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/30—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/303—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and one or more carboxylic moieties in the chain
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/26—Esters of unsaturated alcohols
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
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- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition containing a polymer and a single-layer retardation material.
- materials having optical properties suitable for applications such as display devices and recording materials, particularly suitable for optical compensation films such as polarizing plates and retardation plates for organic electroluminescence (EL) display devices and liquid crystal displays.
- EL organic electroluminescence
- a composition containing the polymer, and a single-layer retardation material obtained from the composition a composition containing the polymer, and a single-layer retardation material obtained from the composition.
- the polymerizable liquid crystal compound used here is generally a liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable group and a liquid crystal structure portion (a structure portion having a spacer portion and a mesogen portion), and an acrylic group is widely used as the polymerizable group. ing.
- Such a polymerizable liquid crystal compound is generally made into a polymer (film) by a method of polymerizing by irradiating it with radiation such as ultraviolet rays.
- a method of obtaining a polymer by supporting a specific polymerizable liquid crystal compound having an acrylic group between supports and irradiating the compound with radiation while maintaining the compound in a liquid crystal state Patent Document 1
- a method of adding a photopolymerization initiator to a mixture of two types of polymerizable liquid crystal compounds or a composition obtained by mixing this mixture with a chiral liquid crystal and irradiating ultraviolet rays to obtain a polymer is known (Patent Document 2).
- Patent Documents 7 and 8 Depending on the type of retardation plate using a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, there is a problem that the retardation changes when exposed to external light for a long time. Since deterioration of the retardation layer over time by light leads to deterioration in display quality, it is necessary to improve the light resistance of the retardation layer (Patent Documents 7 and 8).
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a novel polymer that enables the production of a single-layer retardation material with high light resistance by a simpler process, a composition containing the polymer, and the composition
- An object of the present invention is to provide a single-layer retardation material obtained from
- the present inventors have made intensive studies to solve the above problems. As a result, a single-layer retardation material with high light resistance can be obtained by using a specific polymer composition without using a liquid crystal alignment film.
- the present invention was completed by finding that
- the present invention provides the following polymer composition and single-layer retardation material.
- A a side chain polymer having a side chain having a photoreactive site represented by the following formula (a), and (B) an organic solvent, wherein the component (A) has a photoreactive site
- a polymer composition that is a side chain type polymer containing chains in an amount less than 20 mole percent of the total side chains.
- R 1 is an alkylene group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and one or more hydrogen atoms of the alkylene group may be substituted with a fluorine atom or an organic group.
- R 2 is a divalent aromatic group, a divalent alicyclic group, a divalent heterocyclic group or a divalent condensed cyclic group.
- R is a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a nitro group; , c ⁇ 2, each R may be the same or different.
- a dashed line is a bond. 2.
- the hydrogen atom of the benzene ring in formula (a1) is a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a halo group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. It may be substituted with a substituent selected from an alkoxy group, a cyano group and a nitro group. A dashed line is a bond.
- the polymer composition of 3, wherein the side chain that exhibits only liquid crystallinity is a liquid crystalline side chain represented by any one of the following formulas (1) to (13).
- R 11 is —NO 2 , —CN, halogen atom, phenyl group, naphthyl group, biphenylyl group, furyl group, monovalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, carbon It is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkyloxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 12 is a group consisting of a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenylyl group, a furyl group, a monovalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and a group obtained by combining these.
- a group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms bonded thereto may be substituted with —NO 2 , —CN, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- R 13 is a hydrogen atom, —NO 2 , —CN, a halogen atom, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenylyl group, a furyl group, a monovalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, or a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms; , an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- d is an integer from 1 to 12;
- k1 to k5 are each independently an integer of 0 to 2, but the sum of k1 to k5 is 2 or more.
- k6 and k7 are each independently an integer of 0 to 2, and the sum of k6 and k7 is 1 or more.
- m1, m2 and m3 are each independently an integer of 1-3.
- n is 0 or 1;
- a hydrogen atom of a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring in the formula is a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a halo group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. It may be substituted with a substituent selected from an alkoxy group, a cyano group and a nitro group. A dashed line is a bond. ) 5. 4. The polymer composition of 4, wherein the side chain that exhibits only liquid crystallinity is a liquid crystalline side chain represented by any one of formulas (1) to (11). 6.
- the polymer composition of the present invention has a photosensitive side-chain polymer capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity (hereinafter also simply referred to as a side-chain polymer), and the polymer composition is used to
- the resulting coating film is a film having a photosensitive side-chain polymer capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity. Alignment treatment is performed on this coating film by irradiating polarized light without performing rubbing treatment. After irradiating with polarized light, the side-chain polymer film is heated to obtain a film imparted with optical anisotropy (hereinafter also referred to as a single-layer retardation material).
- the slight anisotropy caused by polarized light irradiation becomes a driving force, and the liquid crystalline side chain polymer itself is efficiently reoriented by self-organization.
- a highly efficient orientation treatment is realized, and a single-layer retardation material imparted with high optical anisotropy can be obtained.
- the amount of the side chain having a photoreactive site in the component (A) is less than 20 mol %, the above effect is maintained while the light resistance is maintained. It should be noted that these include the opinion of the inventor regarding the mechanism of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention.
- the polymer composition of the present invention comprises (A) a side chain polymer having a side chain having a photoreactive site, and (B) an organic solvent, wherein the component (A) is a side chain having a photoreactive site It is characterized as a side chain type polymer containing chains in an amount of less than 20 mol % of all side chains.
- Component (A) is a photosensitive side chain type polymer that exhibits liquid crystallinity in a predetermined temperature range, and is a side chain having a photoreactive site represented by the following formula (a) (hereinafter referred to as a side chain (also referred to as a) in an amount of less than 20 mol % of the total side chains.
- R 1 is an alkylene group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkylene group may be substituted with a fluorine atom or an organic group.
- R 2 is a divalent aromatic group, a divalent alicyclic group, a divalent heterocyclic group or a divalent condensed cyclic group.
- R is a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a nitro group; , c ⁇ 2, each R may be the same or different.
- a is 0, 1 or 2;
- b is 0 or 1;
- c is an integer that satisfies 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 2b+4.
- a dashed line is a bond.
- the alkylene group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R 1 may be linear, branched or cyclic, and specific examples thereof include methylene group, ethylene group and propane-1,3-diyl group. , butane-1,4-diyl group, pentane-1,5-diyl group, hexane-1,6-diyl group, heptane-1,7-diyl group, octane-1,8-diyl group, nonane-1, 9-diyl group, decane-1,10-diyl group and the like.
- Examples of the divalent aromatic group represented by R 2 include a phenylene group and a biphenylylene group.
- the divalent alicyclic group represented by R 2 includes cyclohexanediyl group and the like.
- a divalent heterocyclic group represented by R 2 includes a furandiyl group and the like.
- a naphthylene group etc. are mentioned as a bivalent condensed cyclic group represented by R ⁇ 2> .
- the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms represented by R may be linear or branched, and specific examples thereof include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n- Linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as butyl group, isobutyl group, s-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group and n-hexyl group can be mentioned. Methyl groups are most preferred in the present invention.
- Examples of the haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms represented by R include those obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen atom of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms with a halogen atom. is preferred, and a perfluoroalkyl group is more preferred.
- Specific examples thereof include a fluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a pentafluoroethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a heptafluoropropyl group, a 2,2,3,3,3- pentafluoropropyl group, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl group, 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl group, nonafluorobutyl group, 4,4,4-trifluoro butyl group, undecafluoropentyl group, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropentyl group, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro pentyl group, tridecafluorohexyl group, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-undecafluorohexyl group, 2,2,3,3,4,4, 5,5,6,6-de
- alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms represented by R include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy and tert-butoxy. group, n-pentoxy group, n-hexyloxy group, and the like. Methoxy groups are most preferred in the present invention.
- the haloalkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms represented by R includes a difluoromethoxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, a bromodifluoromethoxy group, a 2-chloroethoxy group, a 2-bromoethoxy group and a 1,1-difluoroethoxy group.
- 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy group 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy group, 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethoxy group, pentafluoroethoxy group, 3-bromopropoxy group , 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy group, 1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropoxy group, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yloxy group, 3-bromo-2-methylpropoxy group, 4-bromobutoxy group, perfluoropentyloxy group and the like.
- the side chain a is preferably represented by the following formula (a1) (hereinafter also referred to as side chain a1).
- R 1 , R 2 and a are the same as above.
- the benzene ring in formula (a1) is a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, It may be substituted with a substituent selected from a cyano group and a nitro group.
- a dashed line is a bond.
- side chain a1 for example, those represented by the following formula (a1-1) are preferable.
- L is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.
- the benzene ring in formula (a1-1) may be substituted with a substituent selected from a fluorine atom, methyl group, trifluoromethyl group, methoxy group, trifluoromethoxy group, cyano group and nitro group.
- a dashed line is a bond.
- alkylene group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms examples include those having 1 to 16 carbon atoms among the above alkylene groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the side chain type polymer preferably reacts with light in the wavelength range of 250 to 400 nm and exhibits liquid crystallinity in the temperature range of 100 to 300°C.
- the side chain type polymer preferably has a photosensitive side chain that reacts with light in the wavelength range of 250 to 400 nm.
- the side-chain polymer has a photosensitive side chain attached to the main chain, and can undergo a cross-linking reaction or an isomerization reaction in response to light.
- the structure of the photosensitive side-chain type polymer capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies such properties, but it is preferable that the side-chain structure has a rigid mesogenic component. A stable optical anisotropy can be obtained when the side chain type polymer is used as a single-layer retardation material.
- the structure of the photosensitive side-chain polymer capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity include (meth)acrylate, itaconate, fumarate, maleate, ⁇ -methylene- ⁇ -butyrolactone, styrene, vinyl, maleimide,
- the structure preferably has a main chain composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of a radically polymerizable group such as norbornene and siloxane, and a side chain a.
- the side-chain polymer (A) since the side-chain polymer (A) exhibits liquid crystallinity in the temperature range of 100 to 300° C., it preferably further has a side chain exhibiting only liquid crystallinity (hereinafter also referred to as side chain b). .
- side chain b a side chain exhibiting only liquid crystallinity
- the phrase "exhibits only liquid crystallinity” means that the polymer having only the side chain b can This means that it exhibits no photosensitivity and exhibits only liquid crystallinity.
- any one liquid crystalline side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formulas (1) to (13) is preferable.
- R 11 is —NO 2 , —CN, halogen atom, phenyl group, naphthyl group, biphenylyl group, furyl group, monovalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, carbon It is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 12 is a group consisting of a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenylyl group, a furyl group, a monovalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and a group obtained by combining these.
- a group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms bonded thereto may be substituted with —NO 2 , —CN, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- R 13 is a hydrogen atom, —NO 2 , —CN, a halogen atom, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenylyl group, a furyl group, a monovalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, or a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms; , an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- d is an integer from 1 to 12;
- k1 to k5 are each independently an integer of 0 to 2, but the sum of k1 to k5 is 2 or more.
- k6 and k7 are each independently an integer of 0 to 2, and the sum of k6 and k7 is 1 or more.
- m1, m2 and m3 are each independently an integer of 1-3.
- n is 0 or 1;
- a dashed line is a bond.
- Examples of monovalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups represented by A 1 and A 2 include pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolyl and pyridyl groups.
- Specific examples of the monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms include cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl groups.
- Examples of monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon groups having 5 to 8 carbon atoms represented by A 1 and A 2 include cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl groups.
- alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms represented by A 1 and A 2 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, s-butyl group and tert-butyl. group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl and the like.
- Alkoxy groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms represented by A 1 and A 2 include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy and s-butoxy groups. , tert-butoxy group, n-pentoxy group, n-hexyloxy group, n-heptyloxy group, n-octyloxy group, n-nonyloxy group, n-decyloxy group, n-undecyloxy group, n-dodecyloxy and the like.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms for R 12 includes methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, s-butyl group, tert-butyl group and n-pentyl group. etc.
- the alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms for R 12 includes methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, s-butyl group, tert-butyl group and n-pentyl group. etc.
- the monovalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, the monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and the alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms represented by R 13 includes A The same groups as those exemplified in the description of 1 and A 2 can be mentioned.
- the side chain b is preferably represented by any one of formulas (1) to (11).
- the (A) component side-chain polymer can be obtained by polymerizing a monomer having a structure represented by formula (a) and, if desired, a monomer having a structure that exhibits only liquid crystallinity.
- Examples of the monomer having the structure represented by formula (a) include compounds represented by the following formula (M1). (Wherein, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R, a, m and n are the same as above.)
- the monomer M1 one represented by the following formula (M1A) is preferable.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3A and a are the same as above.
- the benzene ring in formula (M1A) is a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. , an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyano group and a nitro group.
- monomers M1A those represented by the following formula (M1B) are more preferable.
- L and X are the same as above.
- the benzene ring in formula (M1B) is selected from a fluorine atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a methoxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, a cyano group and a nitro group. It may be substituted with a substituent.
- PL is a polymerizable group represented by any one of the following formulas (PL-1) to (PL-5).
- Q 1 , Q 2 and Q 3 are hydrogen atoms, linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or halogen-substituted It is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- a dashed line is a bond with R 1 or L.
- Linear or branched C 1-10 alkyl groups include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, s-butyl group and tert-butyl group. , n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group and the like. A methyl group and an ethyl group are particularly preferred.
- Examples of the halogen-substituted linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include a trifluoromethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 1,1,2,2,2- pentafluoroethyl group, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group, 1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropyl group, 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl group, 3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl group, 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutyl group, 1,1,2 , 2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutyl group and the like.
- a trifluoromethyl group is particularly preferred.
- Preferred examples of the monomer M1 include those represented by the following formulas (M1-1) to (M1-7). (Wherein, PL is the same as above. p is an integer from 2 to 9.)
- a monomer having a structure that exhibits only liquid crystallinity (hereinafter also referred to as monomer M2) is a monomer that allows a polymer derived from the monomer to exhibit liquid crystallinity and the polymer to form a mesogenic group at the side chain site. That is.
- the mesogenic group having a side chain even if it is a group such as biphenyl or phenylbenzoate that forms a mesogenic structure by itself, it is a group that forms a mesogenic structure by hydrogen bonding between side chains such as benzoic acid. good too.
- the mesogenic group having a side chain the following structure is preferable.
- monomer M2 More specific examples of monomer M2 include hydrocarbons, (meth)acrylates, itaconate, fumarate, maleate, ⁇ -methylene- ⁇ -butyrolactone, styrene, vinyl, maleimide, norbornene and other radically polymerizable groups and siloxanes.
- a structure having a polymerizable group derived from at least one selected from the group and at least one of formulas (1) to (13) is preferred.
- the monomer M2 preferably has a (meth)acrylate as a polymerizable group, and preferably has a side chain terminal of —COOH.
- Preferred examples of the monomer M2 include those represented by the following formulas (M2-1) to (M2-11).
- other monomers can be copolymerized within a range that does not impair the ability to express photoreactivity and/or liquid crystallinity.
- Other monomers include, for example, industrially available radical polymerizable monomers.
- Specific examples of other monomers include unsaturated carboxylic acids, acrylic acid ester compounds, methacrylic acid ester compounds, maleimide compounds, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, styrene compounds, and vinyl compounds.
- unsaturated carboxylic acids include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid.
- acrylic acid ester compounds include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, naphthyl acrylate, anthryl acrylate, anthryl methyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylates, cyclohexyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, 2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, 3-methoxybutyl acrylate, 2 -methyl-2-adamantyl acrylate, 2-propyl-2-adamantyl acrylate, 8-methyl-8-tricyclo[5.2.1.0 ⁇ 2,6>]decyl acrylate, 8-ethyl-8
- methacrylate compounds include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, naphthyl methacrylate, anthryl methacrylate, anthryl methyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate, methoxytriethylene glycol methacrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, 3-methoxybutyl methacrylate, 2-methyl-2-adamantyl methacrylate, 2- Propyl-2-adamantyl methacrylate, 8-methyl-8-tricyclo[5.2.1.0 ⁇ 2,6>]decyl methacrylate, 8-e
- Examples of vinyl compounds include vinyl ether, methyl vinyl ether, benzyl vinyl ether, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, phenyl vinyl ether, and propyl vinyl ether.
- Examples of styrene compounds include styrene, 4-methylstyrene, 4-chlorostyrene, 4-bromostyrene and the like.
- Examples of maleimide compounds include maleimide, N-methylmaleimide, N-phenylmaleimide, N-cyclohexylmaleimide and the like.
- the content of the side chain a in the side chain type polymer of the present invention is preferably 0.1 mol% or more, more preferably 1 mol% or more, more preferably 3 mol% or more, from the viewpoint of orientation and retardation value. Preferably, 5 mol % or more is particularly preferable.
- the content of the side chain a in the side chain type polymer of the present invention is preferably less than 20 mol%, more preferably 19 mol% or less, and 18 mol% or less from the viewpoint of light resistance. More preferably, 16 mol % or less is particularly preferable.
- the lower limit of the content of the side chain a is particularly preferably 10 mol %.
- the content of the side chain b in the side chain type polymer of the present invention is preferably 40 to 99.9 mol%, more preferably 60 to 99.9 mol%, from the viewpoint of orientation and retardation value, 65 to 99.9 mol % is even more preferred, 65 to 99 mol % is even more preferred, and 65 to 95 mol % is particularly preferred. Moreover, a particularly preferable upper limit of the content of the side chain b is 90 mol %.
- the side chain polymer of the present invention may contain other side chains as described above.
- the content of other side chains is the remainder when the total content of side chains a and b is less than 100 mol %.
- it is preferably 40 mol% or less, more preferably 30 mol% or less, even more preferably 20 mol% or less. mol % or less is more preferable.
- the method for producing the side-chain polymer of component (A) is not particularly limited, and a general-purpose industrial method can be used. Specifically, it can be produced by radical polymerization, cationic polymerization, or anionic polymerization utilizing the vinyl groups of the monomers M1 and M2 described above and, if desired, other monomers. Among these, radical polymerization is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of ease of reaction control.
- radical polymerization initiators Radical thermal polymerization initiators, radical photopolymerization initiators
- RAFT reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer
- a radical thermal polymerization initiator is a compound that generates radicals when heated above the decomposition temperature.
- radical thermal polymerization initiators include ketone peroxides (methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, etc.), diacyl peroxides (acetyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, etc.), hydroperoxides (peroxide Hydrogen, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, etc.), dialkyl peroxides (di-tert-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, dilauroyl peroxide, etc.), peroxyketals (dibutylperoxycyclohexane etc.), alkyl peresters (peroxyneodecanoic acid -tert-butyl ester, peroxypivalic acid -tert-butyl ester, peroxy 2-ethylcyclohexanoi
- the radical photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound that initiates radical polymerization by light irradiation.
- examples of such radical photopolymerization initiators include benzophenone, Michler's ketone, 4,4′-bis(diethylamino)benzophenone, xanthone, thioxanthone, isopropylxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, acetophenone, 2-hydroxy -2-methylpropiophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4'-isopropylpropiophenone, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, isopropylbenzoin ether, isobutylbenzoin ether, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,2 -dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, camphorquinone, benzanthrone, 2-methyl-1-[4-(methyl
- the radical polymerization method is not particularly limited, and an emulsion polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method, a precipitation polymerization method, a bulk polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, or the like can be used.
- the organic solvent used for the polymerization reaction is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the polymer produced.
- Specific examples include N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl- ⁇ -caprolactam, dimethylsulfoxide, and tetramethylurea.
- the above organic solvents may be used singly or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, even a solvent that does not dissolve the generated polymer may be mixed with the above-described organic solvent and used as long as the generated polymer does not precipitate. In addition, since oxygen in an organic solvent inhibits the polymerization reaction in radical polymerization, it is preferable to use an organic solvent that has been degassed to the extent possible.
- the polymerization temperature during radical polymerization can be selected from any temperature in the range of 30 to 150°C, preferably in the range of 50 to 100°C.
- the reaction can be carried out at any concentration, but if the concentration is too low, it becomes difficult to obtain a high-molecular-weight polymer, and if the concentration is too high, the viscosity of the reaction solution becomes too high, making uniform stirring difficult. Therefore, the monomer concentration is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 30% by mass.
- the initial stage of the reaction can be carried out at a high concentration, and then the organic solvent can be added.
- the ratio of the radical polymerization initiator to the monomer is large, the molecular weight of the polymer obtained will be small, and if it is small, the molecular weight of the polymer obtained will be large. It is preferably 0.1 to 20 mol % with respect to the monomer to be polymerized. Further, various monomer components, solvents, initiators, etc. may be added during polymerization.
- the reaction solution In order to recover the polymer produced from the reaction solution obtained by the above reaction, the reaction solution should be put into a poor solvent to precipitate the polymer. Poor solvents used for precipitation include methanol, acetone, hexane, heptane, butyl cellosolve, heptane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethanol, toluene, benzene, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, and water.
- the polymer precipitated by putting it into the poor solvent can be filtered and recovered, and then dried at room temperature or under heat under normal pressure or reduced pressure.
- impurities in the polymer can be reduced by repeating the operation of redissolving the recovered polymer in an organic solvent and recovering it by reprecipitation 2 to 10 times.
- the poor solvent in this case include alcohols, ketones, hydrocarbons, and the like. It is preferable to use three or more poor solvents selected from these, because the purification efficiency is further improved.
- the (A) side chain polymer of the present invention has a weight average molecular weight measured by the GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) method. is preferably from 2,000 to 2,000,000, more preferably from 2,000 to 1,000,000, and even more preferably from 5,000 to 200,000.
- the organic solvent of component (B) is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the polymer component.
- Specific examples include N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl- ⁇ -caprolactam, 2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N- Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylsulfoxide, tetramethylurea, pyridine, dimethylsulfone, hexamethylphosphoramide, ⁇ -butyrolactone, 3-methoxy-N,N-dimethylpropanamide, 3-ethoxy-N,N-dimethylpropane amide, 3-butoxy-N,N-dimethylpropanamide, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, ethyl amyl ketone, methyl nonyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isoamyl
- the polymer composition of the present invention may contain components other than components (A) and (B). Examples thereof include solvents and compounds that improve film thickness uniformity and surface smoothness when the polymer composition is applied, compounds that improve adhesion between the retardation material and the substrate, and the like. Not limited.
- ethyl carbitol ethyl carbitol acetate
- ethylene glycol ethylene glycol monoacetate, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monoacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol-tert-butyl ether, di Propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoacetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether , dipropylene glycol monoacetate monopropyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl
- These poor solvents may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- its content is preferably 5 to 80% by mass in the solvent so as not to significantly lower the solubility of the entire solvent contained in the polymer composition, and 20 to 60% by mass. % by mass is more preferred.
- Compounds that improve film thickness uniformity and surface smoothness include fluorine-based surfactants, silicone-based surfactants, and nonionic surfactants. Specific examples thereof include Ftop (registered trademark) 301, EF303, EF352 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Electronic Chemicals), Megafac (registered trademark) F171, F173, F560, F563, R-30, R-40 (DIC company), Florard FC430, FC431 (manufactured by 3M), Asahiguard (registered trademark) AG710 (manufactured by AGC), Surflon (registered trademark) S-382, SC101, SC102, SC103, SC104, SC105, SC106 (AGC Seimi chemical company) and the like.
- the content of these surfactants is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by mass, per 100 parts by mass of component (A).
- the compound that improves the adhesion between the retardation material and the substrate include functional silane-containing compounds, and specific examples thereof include 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
- a phenoplast-based compound or an epoxy group-containing compound is added to the polymer composition for the purpose of preventing deterioration of characteristics due to backlight when the polarizing plate is constructed. may be added.
- phenoplast additive examples include but are not limited thereto.
- epoxy group-containing compounds include ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tripropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1, 6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, dibromoneopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,3,5,6-tetraglycidyl-2,4-hexanediol, N,N,N',N'-tetra glycidyl-m-xylylenediamine, 1,3-bis(N,N-diglycidylaminomethyl)cyclohexane, N,N,N',N'-tetraglycidyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and
- the content thereof is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer component contained in the polymer composition. is more preferred. If the content is less than 0.1 parts by mass, the effect of improving the adhesion cannot be expected, and if it exceeds 30 parts by mass, the orientation of the liquid crystal may deteriorate.
- a photosensitizer can also be used as an additive.
- Preferred photosensitizers are colorless sensitizers and triplet sensitizers.
- Photosensitizers include aromatic nitro compounds, coumarin (7-diethylamino-4-methylcoumarin, 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin), ketocoumarin, carbonylbiscoumarin, aromatic 2-hydroxyketone, aromatic 2-hydroxy Ketones (2-hydroxybenzophenone, mono- or di-p-(dimethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzophenone, etc.), acetophenone, anthraquinone, xanthone, thioxanthone, benzantrone, thiazoline (2-benzoylmethylene-3-methyl- ⁇ - Naphthothiazoline, 2-( ⁇ -naphthoylmethylene)-3-methylbenzothiazoline, 2-( ⁇ -naphthoylmethylene)-3-methylbenzothiazoline, 2-(4-biphenoylmethylene)-3-methylbenzothiazoline , 2-( ⁇ -naphthoylmethylene)-3-methyl- ⁇ -naphtho
- aromatic 2-hydroxyketones (benzophenones), coumarins, ketocoumarins, carbonylbiscoumarins, acetophenones, anthraquinones, xanthones, thioxanthones and acetophenone ketals are preferred.
- dielectrics and A cross-linking compound may be added for the purpose of increasing the hardness and denseness of the film when used as a retardation material, as well as the conductive substance.
- the polymer composition of the present invention is preferably prepared as a coating liquid so as to be suitable for forming a single-layer retardation material. That is, the polymer composition used in the present invention contains the component (A), the solvent or compound that improves the uniformity of the film thickness and the surface smoothness described above, the compound that improves the adhesion between the liquid crystal alignment film and the substrate, and the like. It is preferably prepared as a solution in which component (B) is dissolved in an organic solvent.
- the content of component (A) is preferably 1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 3 to 25% by mass in the composition of the present invention.
- the polymer composition of the present invention may contain, in addition to the polymer of component (A), other polymers within a range that does not impair the ability to develop liquid crystals and photosensitive performance.
- the content of the other polymer in the polymer component is preferably 0.5 to 80% by mass, more preferably 1 to 50% by mass.
- Other polymers include, for example, polymers other than photosensitive side chain type polymers capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity, such as poly(meth)acrylates, polyamic acids, and polyimides.
- the single-layer retardation material of the present invention can be produced by a method including the following steps (I) to (III). (I) a step of applying the composition of the present invention onto a substrate to form a coating film; (II) a step of irradiating the coating film with polarized ultraviolet rays; and (III) a step of heating the coating film irradiated with the ultraviolet rays to obtain a retardation material.
- Step (I) is a step of applying the composition of the present invention onto a substrate to form a coating film. More specifically, the composition of the present invention can be applied to substrates (e.g., silicon/silicon dioxide coated substrates, silicon nitride substrates, metal (e.g., aluminum, molybdenum, chromium, etc.) coated substrates, glass substrates, quartz substrates, etc.).
- substrates e.g., silicon/silicon dioxide coated substrates, silicon nitride substrates, metal (e.g., aluminum, molybdenum, chromium, etc.) coated substrates, glass substrates, quartz substrates, etc.
- the solvent is evaporated at 30 to 200° C., preferably 30 to 150° C., by heating means such as a hot plate, thermal circulation oven, IR (infrared) oven, etc. to obtain a coating film.
- resin films such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC) films, cycloolefin polymer films, polyethylene terephthalate films, acrylic films, etc.
- bar coating spin coating, flow coating, roll coating , slit coating, spin coating following slit coating, inkjet method, printing method, or the like.
- the solvent is evaporated at 30 to 200° C., preferably 30 to 150° C., by heating means such as a hot plate, thermal circulation oven, IR (infrared) oven, etc. to obtain a coating film.
- step (II) the coating film obtained in step (I) is irradiated with polarized ultraviolet rays.
- the substrate is irradiated with the polarized ultraviolet rays from a certain direction through a polarizing plate.
- the ultraviolet rays ultraviolet rays having a wavelength in the range of 100 to 400 nm can be used.
- the optimum wavelength is selected through a filter or the like depending on the type of coating film to be used.
- ultraviolet light with a wavelength in the range of 290 to 400 nm can be selected and used so as to selectively induce a photocrosslinking reaction.
- ultraviolet rays for example, light emitted from a high-pressure mercury lamp can be used.
- the amount of polarized UV light depends on the coating film used.
- the irradiation amount is 1 to 70% of the amount of polarized ultraviolet rays that realizes the maximum value of ⁇ A, which is the difference between the ultraviolet absorbance in the direction parallel to the polarization direction of the polarized ultraviolet rays and the ultraviolet absorbance in the direction perpendicular to the polarized ultraviolet rays in the coating film. is preferably within the range of , and more preferably within the range of 1 to 50%.
- step (III) the coating film irradiated with the polarized ultraviolet rays in step (II) is heated. Heating can impart alignment control ability to the coating film.
- heating means such as a hot plate, thermal circulation oven, IR (infrared) oven, etc. can be used.
- the heating temperature can be determined in consideration of the temperature at which the coating film to be used exhibits liquid crystallinity.
- the heating temperature is preferably within the temperature range at which the polymer of component (A) contained in the composition of the present invention exhibits liquid crystallinity (hereinafter referred to as the liquid crystal display temperature).
- the temperature at which liquid crystals appear on the surface of the coating film is expected to be lower than the temperature at which liquid crystals appear when the polymer of component (A) is observed in bulk. For this reason, the heating temperature is more preferably within the temperature range of the liquid crystal manifestation temperature of the coating film surface.
- the temperature range of the heating temperature after irradiation with polarized ultraviolet rays is set to a temperature 10°C lower than the lower limit of the temperature range of the liquid crystal manifestation temperature of the polymer of component (A), and a temperature lower than the upper limit of the liquid crystal temperature range by 10°C. It is preferable that the temperature is in the range with the upper limit of If the heating temperature is lower than the above temperature range, the effect of amplifying the anisotropy in the coating film by heat tends to be insufficient, and if the heating temperature is too high above the above temperature range, the state of the coating film tend to approach an isotropic liquid state (isotropic phase), in which case self-assembly can make it difficult to reorient in one direction.
- the liquid crystal manifestation temperature is the liquid crystal transition temperature at which the polymer or coating surface undergoes a phase transition from the solid phase to the liquid crystal phase, and is isotropic that causes the phase transition from the liquid crystal phase to the isotropic phase (isotropic phase).
- the temperature below the phase transition temperature (Tiso) means that the liquid crystal transition temperature at which a phase transition occurs from a solid phase to a liquid crystal phase is 130° C. or lower.
- the thickness of the coating film formed after heating can be appropriately selected in consideration of the steps of the substrate to be used and the optical and electrical properties, and is preferably 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m, for example.
- the single-layer retardation material of the present invention thus obtained is a material having optical properties suitable for applications such as display devices and recording materials. It is suitable as an optical compensation film.
- M1-1-1 was synthesized according to the synthetic method described in WO2011/084546.
- M1' was synthesized according to the synthetic method described in JP-A-2012-27354.
- M2-1-1 was synthesized according to the synthetic method described in JP-A-9-118717.
- M2-2-1 and M2-5-1 were synthesized according to the synthetic method described in JP-A-2015-129210.
- M3-1 a reagent purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. was used.
- the side chains derived from M1-1-1 and M1' correspond to side chain a
- the side chains derived from M2-1-1 and M2-2-1, M2-5-1 correspond to side chain b. Applicable.
- Side chains derived from M3-1 are other side chains other than side chain a and side chain b.
- P11 had a number average molecular weight of 25,000 and a weight average molecular weight of 73,000.
- P12 had a number average molecular weight of 23,000 and a weight average molecular weight of 66,000.
- P13 had a number average molecular weight of 21,000 and a weight average molecular weight of 53,000.
- P15 had a number average molecular weight of 29,000 and a weight average molecular weight of 66,000.
- Polymer solutions T2 to T10 were obtained by mixing solvents and the like in the same proportions as in Preparation Example 1 except that the polymer solutions used were replaced with P2 to P10 from P1. These polymer solutions T2 to T10 were directly used as materials for forming retardation films.
- Preparation Examples 12 and 13 Polymer solutions T12 and T13 were obtained in the same manner as in Preparation Example 11 except that the polymer powder used was replaced with P12 and P13 instead of P11. These polymer solutions T13 to T16 were directly used as materials for forming retardation films.
- a polymer solution T14 was obtained by mixing the solvent and the like in the same ratio as in Preparation Example 1 except that the polymer solution used was replaced with P14 from P1. This polymer solution T14 was directly used as a material for forming a retardation film.
- a polymer solution T15 was obtained by mixing the solvent and the like in the same ratio as in Preparation Example 11 except that the polymer powder used was replaced with P15 from P11. This polymer solution T15 was directly used as a material for forming a retardation film.
- Example 10 Polymer solution T11 was applied on glass using a bar coater. The coated film was dried in a thermal circulation oven at 50° C. for 3 minutes, and then the substrate was irradiated with 600 mJ/cm 2 of polarized ultraviolet rays of 365 nm from a high pressure mercury lamp through a 300 nm long web length pass filter (LWPF) and a polarizing plate. (wavelength 365 nm standard). It was heated in an IR oven at 140° C. for 20 minutes to prepare a substrate S11 with a retardation film. Incidentally, the thickness of the retardation layer of S11 was 3.4 ⁇ m.
- LWPF long web length pass filter
- the substrates S1 to S12 and R1 to R5 with retardation films were evaluated for retardation value and light resistance by the following methods.
- Phase difference value evaluation The linear retardation (Linear Re) at a wavelength of 550 nm was evaluated using Axo Scan manufactured by Axometrics, and the results are summarized in Table 1.
- Retardation films (R1) to (R3) made of a polymer having a monomer M1-1-1 content of 20 mol% or more had a retardation change of 5% or more after a 500-hour light resistance test. rice field.
- the retardation films (S1) to (S13) made of a polymer having a monomer M1-1-1 content of less than 20 mol% have a retardation change of less than 5% after a 500-hour light resistance test. and showed good light resistance.
- a retardation film produced from a polymer containing no photoreactive monomer did not exhibit retardation (R4).
- the retardation film was prepared from a polymer with a copolymerization ratio of M1' of 10 mol%, but the position after the light resistance test for 500 hours was low. The amount of change in phase difference was 5% or more.
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Abstract
Description
1.(A)下記式(a)で表される光反応性部位を有する側鎖を有する側鎖型重合体、及び(B)有機溶媒を含み、(A)成分が、光反応性部位を有する側鎖を、全側鎖の20モル%より少ない量で含む側鎖型重合体である重合体組成物。
R2は、2価の芳香族基、2価の脂環族基、2価の複素環式基又は2価の縮合環式基である。
R3は、単結合、-O-、-C(=O)-O-、-O-C(=O)-又は-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-である。
Rは、フッ素原子、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルコキシ基、シアノ基又はニトロ基であり、c≧2のとき、各Rは、互いに同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよい。
aは、0、1又は2である。
bは、0又は1である。
cは、0≦c≦2b+4を満たす整数である。
破線は、結合手である。
2.上記光反応性部位を有する側鎖が、下記式(a1)で表されるものである1の重合体組成物。
R3Aは、単結合、-O-、-C(=O)-O-又は-O-C(=O)-である。
式(a1)中のベンゼン環の水素原子は、フッ素原子、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルコキシ基、シアノ基及びニトロ基から選ばれる置換基で置換されていてもよい。
破線は、結合手である。)
3.(A)側鎖型重合体が、更に、液晶性のみを発現する側鎖を有する1又は2の重合体組成物。
4.上記液晶性のみを発現する側鎖が、下記式(1)~(13)のいずれかで表される液晶性側鎖である3の重合体組成物。
R11は、-NO2、-CN、ハロゲン原子、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニリル基、フリル基、1価窒素含有複素環基、炭素数5~8の1価脂環式炭化水素基、炭素数1~12のアルキル基又は炭素数1~12のアルキルオキシ基である。
R12は、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニリル基、フリル基、1価窒素含有複素環基、炭素数5~8の1価脂環式炭化水素基、及びこれらを組み合わせて得られる基からなる群から選ばれる基であり、これらに結合する水素原子が、-NO2、-CN、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素数1~5のアルコキシ基で置換されてもよい。
R13は、水素原子、-NO2、-CN、ハロゲン原子、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニリル基、フリル基、1価窒素含有複素環基、炭素数5~8の1価脂環式炭化水素基、炭素数1~12のアルキル基又は炭素数1~12のアルコキシ基である。
Eは、-C(=O)-O-又は-O-C(=O)-である。
dは、1~12の整数である。
k1~k5は、それぞれ独立に、0~2の整数であるが、k1~k5の合計は2以上である。
k6及びk7は、それぞれ独立に、0~2の整数であるが、k6及びk7の合計は1以上である。
m1、m2及びm3は、それぞれ独立に、1~3の整数である。
nは、0又は1である。
Z1及びZ2は、それぞれ独立に、単結合、-C(=O)-、-CH2O-、-CF2-である。
式中のベンゼン環、ナフタレン環の水素原子は、フッ素原子、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルコキシ基、シアノ基及びニトロ基から選ばれる置換基で置換されていてもよい。
破線は、結合手である。)
5.上記液晶性のみを発現する側鎖が、式(1)~(11)のいずれかで表される液晶性側鎖である4の重合体組成物。
6.(I)1~5のいずれかの重合体組成物を、基板上に塗布して塗膜を形成する工程、
(II)上記塗膜に、偏光した紫外線を照射する工程、及び
(III)上記紫外線を照射した塗膜を加熱して、位相差材を得る工程
を含む、単層位相差材の製造方法。
7.1~5のいずれかの組成物から得られる単層位相差材。
本発明の重合体組成物は、液晶性を発現し得る感光性の側鎖型重合体(以下、単に側鎖型重合体ともいう。)を有しており、上記重合体組成物を用いて得られる塗膜は、液晶性を発現し得る感光性の側鎖型重合体を有する膜である。この塗膜にはラビング処理を行うこと無く、偏光照射によって配向処理を行う。そして、偏光照射の後、その側鎖型重合体膜を加熱する工程を経て、光学異方性が付与されたフィルム(以下、単層位相差材ともいう。)となる。このとき、偏光照射によって発現した僅かな異方性がドライビングフォースとなり、液晶性側鎖型重合体自体が自己組織化により効率的に再配向する。その結果、高効率な配向処理が実現し、高い光学異方性が付与された単層位相差材を得ることができる。その際、(A)成分における光反応性部位を有する側鎖の量を20モル%より少ない量とすることで、上記の効果を維持しつつ、耐光性を有する。なお、これらは本発明のメカニズムに関する発明者の見解を含むものであり、本発明を拘束するものではない。
本発明の重合体組成物は、(A)光反応性部位を有する側鎖を有する側鎖型重合体、及び(B)有機溶媒を含み、(A)成分が、光反応性部位を有する側鎖を、全側鎖の20モル%より少ない量で含む側鎖型重合体であることを特徴とする。
(A)成分は、所定の温度範囲で液晶性を発現する感光性の側鎖型重合体であって、下記式(a)で表される光反応性部位を有する側鎖(以下、側鎖aともいう。)を全側鎖の20モル%より少ない量で含む側鎖型重合体である。
その具体例としては、フルオロメチル基、ジフルオロメチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、ペンタフルオロエチル基、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル基、ヘプタフルオロプロピル基、2,2,3,3,3-ペンタフルオロプロピル基、2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピル基、2,2,2-トリフルオロ-1-(トリフルオロメチル)エチル基、ノナフルオロブチル基、4,4,4-トリフルオロブチル基、ウンデカフルオロペンチル基、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-ノナフルオロペンチル基、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロペンチル基、トリデカフルオロヘキシル基、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-ウンデカフロオロヘキシル基、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-デカフルオロヘキシル基、3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-ノナフルオロヘキシル基等が挙げられる。本発明では、トリフルオロメチル基が最も好ましい。
(B)成分の有機溶媒は、重合体成分を溶解させる有機溶媒であれば特に限定されない。その具体例としては、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N-メチル-ε-カプロラクタム、2-ピロリドン、N-エチル-2-ピロリドン、N-ビニル-2-ピロリドン、ジメチルスルホキシド、テトラメチル尿素、ピリジン、ジメチルスルホン、ヘキサメチルホスホルアミド、γ-ブチロラクトン、3-メトキシ-N,N-ジメチルプロパンアミド、3-エトキシ-N,N-ジメチルプロパンアミド、3-ブトキシ-N,N-ジメチルプロパンアミド、1,3-ジメチル-2-イミダゾリジノン、エチルアミルケトン、メチルノニルケトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソアミルケトン、メチルイソプロピルケトン、シクロペンタノン、シクロヘキサノン、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、ジグライム、4-ヒドロキシ-4-メチル-2-ペンタノン、プロピレングリコールモノアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコール-tert-ブチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコールモノアセテート、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノアセテートモノメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノアセテートモノエチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノアセテートモノプロピルエーテル、3-メチル-3-メトキシブチルアセテート、トリプロピレングリコールメチルエーテル等が挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。
本発明の重合体組成物は、(A)、(B)成分以外の成分を含んでもよい。その例としては、重合体組成物を塗布した際の膜厚均一性や表面平滑性を向上させる溶媒や化合物、位相差材と基板との密着性を向上させる化合物等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
本発明の重合体組成物は、単層位相差材の形成に好適となるように塗布液として調製されることが好ましい。すなわち、本発明に用いられる重合体組成物は、(A)成分及び上述した膜厚均一性や表面平滑性を向上させる溶媒や化合物、液晶配向膜と基板との密着性を向上させる化合物等が(B)成分の有機溶媒に溶解した溶液として調製されることが好ましい。ここで、(A)成分の含有量は、本発明の組成物中1~30質量%が好ましく、より好ましくは3~25質量%である。
本発明の単層位相差材は、下記工程(I)~(III)を含む方法によって製造することができる。
(I)本発明の組成物を、基板上に塗布して塗膜を形成する工程、
(II)上記塗膜に偏光した紫外線を照射する工程、及び
(III)上記紫外線を照射した塗膜を加熱して、位相差材を得る工程。
工程(I)は、本発明の組成物を基板上に塗布して塗膜を形成する工程である。より具体的には、本発明の組成物を基板(例えば、シリコン/二酸化シリコン被覆基板、シリコンナイトライド基板、金属(例えば、アルミニウム、モリブデン、クロム等)が被覆された基板、ガラス基板、石英基板、ITO基板等)やフィルム(例えば、トリアセチルセルロース(TAC)フィルム、シクロオレフィンポリマーフィルム、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム、アクリルフィルム等の樹脂フィルム)等の上に、バーコート、スピンコート、フローコート、ロールコート、スリットコート、スリットコートに続いたスピンコート、インクジェット法、印刷法等の方法によって塗布する。塗布した後、ホットプレート、熱循環型オーブン、IR(赤外線)型オーブン等の加熱手段により30~200℃、好ましくは30~150℃で溶媒を蒸発させて塗膜を得ることができる。
工程(II)では、工程(I)で得られた塗膜に偏光した紫外線を照射する。塗膜の膜面に偏光した紫外線を照射する場合、基板に対して一定の方向から偏光板を介して偏光された紫外線を照射する。上記紫外線としては、波長100~400nmの範囲の紫外線を使用することができる。好ましくは、使用する塗膜の種類によりフィルター等を介して最適な波長を選択する。そして、例えば、選択的に光架橋反応を誘起できるように、波長290~400nmの範囲の紫外線を選択して使用することができる。紫外線としては、例えば、高圧水銀灯から放射される光を用いることができる。
工程(III)では、工程(II)で偏光した紫外線を照射された塗膜を加熱する。加熱により、塗膜に配向制御能を付与することができる。
M1’は、特開2012-27354に記載された合成法に従って合成した。
M2-1-1は、特開平9-118717号公報に記載された合成法に従って合成した。M2-2-1とM2-5-1は、特開2015-129210号公報に記載された合成法に従って合成した。M3-1は、東京化成工業株式会社から購入した試薬を用いた。なお、M1-1-1及びM1’に由来する側鎖は側鎖aに該当し、M2-1-1及びM2-2-1、M2-5-1に由来する側鎖は側鎖bに該当する。M3-1に由来する側鎖は側鎖a及び側鎖b以外となるその他の側鎖である。
(有機溶媒)
NMP:N-メチル-2-ピロリドン
BCS:ブチルセロソルブ
PGME:プロピレングリコーモノメチルエーテル
PB:プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル
CPN:シクロペンタノン
THF:テトラヒドロフラン
(重合開始剤)
AIBN:2,2’-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル
V-601:2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオン酸)ジメチル
(界面活性剤)
R40:メガファックR-40(DIC社製)
F563:メガファックF-563(DIC社製)
(ポリマーの分子量測定)
ポリマーの分子量測定条件は、以下の通りである。
装置:島津製作所 Nexera GPC システム (Shimadzu SCL-40)
カラム:Shodex社製カラム(LF-804、KF-801)、
カラム温度:40℃、
溶離液:テトラヒドロフラン (HPLCグレード)
流速:1.0ml/分、
検量線作成用標準サンプル:ポリスチレン(PStQuick E/PStQuick F)(東ソー社製)
[合成例1(M1-1-1:M2-1-1=18:82)]
NMP(22.9g)中に、M1-1-1(2.99g、9.00mmol)、M2-1-1(12.6g、41.0mmol)及びAIBN(0.821g、5.00mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、60℃で、NMP(15.3g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃で12時間反応させ、ポリマー溶液P1を得た。
NMP(22.9g)中に、M1-1-1(2.49g、7.50mmol)、M2-1-1(13.0g、42.5mmol)及びAIBN(0.821g、5.00mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、60℃で、NMP(15.2g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃で12時間反応させ、ポリマー溶液P2を得た。
NMP(22.8g)中に、M1-1-1(1.99g、6.00mmol)、M2-1-1(13.5g、44.0mmol)及びAIBN(0.821g、5.00mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、60℃で、NMP(15.2g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃で12時間反応させ、ポリマー溶液P3を得た。
NMP(13.2g)中に、M1-1-1(1.50g、4.50mmol)、M2-1-1(6.89g、22.5mmol)、M3-1(0.577g、3.00mmol)及びAIBN(0.493g、3.00mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、60℃で、NMP(8.8g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃で12時間反応させ、ポリマー溶液P4を得た。
NMP(14.0g)中に、M1-1-1(1.50g、4.50mmol)、M2-1-1(6.89g、22.5mmol)、M2-5-1(1.15g、3.00mmol)及びAIBN(0.493g、3.00mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、60℃で、NMP(9.4g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃で12時間反応させ、ポリマー溶液P5を得た。
NMP(22.8g)中に、M1-1-1(1.66g、5.00mmol)、M2-1-1(13.8g、45.0mmol)及びAIBN(0.821g、5.00mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、60℃で、NMP(15.2g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃で12時間反応させ、ポリマー溶液P6を得た。
NMP(23.3g)中に、M1-1-1(6.65g、20.0mmol)、M2-1-1(9.19g、30.0mmol)及びAIBN(0.821g、5.00mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、60℃で、NMP(15.5g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃で12時間反応させ、ポリマー溶液P7を得た。
NMP(23.0g)中に、M1-1-1(3.32g、10.0mmol)、M2-1-1(12.3g、40.0mmol)及びAIBN(0.821g、5.00mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、60℃で、NMP(15.3g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃で12時間反応させ、ポリマー溶液P8を得た。
NMP(14.2g)中に、M1-1-1(2.99g、9.00mmol)、M2-1-1(5.51g、18.0mmol)、M2-5-1(1.15g、3.00mmol)及びAIBN(0.493g、3.00mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、60℃で、NMP(9.5g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃で12時間反応させ、ポリマー溶液P9を得た。
NMP(22.7g)中に、M1-1-1(0.831g、2.50mmol)、M2-1-1(14.6g、47.5mmol)及びAIBN(0.821g、5.00mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、60℃で、NMP(15.1g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃で12時間反応させ、ポリマー溶液P10を得た。
CPN(26.6g)中に、M1-1-1(1.50g、4.50mmol)、M2-1-1(7.81g、25.5mmol)及びV-601(0.207g、0.90mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、70℃で、CPN(11.4g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、70℃で12時間反応させた。反応終了後、メタノール/純水混合溶媒中に反応液を注ぎ込み、析出したポリマーを濾別し、メタノールで洗浄することでポリマー粉体P11(7.61g)を得た。P11の数平均分子量は25,000、重量平均分子量は73,000であった。
CPN(26.5g)中に、M1-1-1(0.997g、3.00mmol)、M2-1-1(8.27g、27.0mmol)及びV-601(0.207g、0.90mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、70℃で、CPN(11.4g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、70℃で12時間反応させた。反応終了後、メタノール/純水混合溶媒中に反応液を注ぎ込み、析出したポリマーを濾別し、メタノールで洗浄することでポリマー粉体P12(7.58g)を得た。P12の数平均分子量は23,000、重量平均分子量は66,000であった。
CPN(26.4g)中に、M1-1-1(0.499g、1.50mmol)、M2-1-1(8.73g、28.5mmol)及びV-601(0.207g、0.90mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、70℃で、CPN(11.3g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、70℃で12時間反応させた。反応終了後、メタノール/純水混合溶媒中に反応液を注ぎ込み、析出したポリマーを濾別し、メタノールで洗浄することでポリマー粉体P13(7.55g)を得た。P13の数平均分子量は21,000、重量平均分子量は53,000であった。
NMP(13.6g)中に、M2-1-1(9.19g、30.0mmol)及びAIBN(0.493g、3.00mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、60℃で、NMP(9.04g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃で12時間反応させ、ポリマー溶液P14を得た。
CPN(23.5g)中に、M1′(1.32g、3.00mmol)、M2-1-1(8.27g、27.0mmol)及びV-601(0.207g、0.90mmol)を溶解させ、モノマー混合溶液を調製した。窒素雰囲気下、70℃で、CPN(15.7g)中にモノマー混合溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、70℃で12時間反応させた。反応終了後、メタノール/純水混合溶媒中に反応液を注ぎ込み、析出したポリマーを濾別し、メタノールで洗浄することでポリマー粉体P15(7.90g)を得た。P15の数平均分子量は29,000、重量平均分子量は66,000であった。
[調製例1]
ポリマー溶液P1(50.0g)に、NMP(2.50g)、BCS(7.50g)、PGME(7.50g)、PB(7.50g)及びR40(7.5mg)を加えて撹拌することで、ポリマー溶液T1を得た。このポリマー溶液T1は、そのまま位相差膜を形成するための材料とした。
使用するポリマー溶液をP1からP2~P10に置き換えたことを除いては調製例1と同様の比率で溶媒等を混合することで、ポリマー溶液T2~T10を得た。このポリマー溶液T2~T10は、そのまま位相差膜を形成するための材料とした。
合成例11で得られたポリマー粉体P11(5.00g)に、CPN(22.8g)、及びF563(25.0mg)を加えて撹拌した。ポリマーを溶解させた後、孔径5.0μmのフィルターで濾過することでポリマー溶液T11を得た(ポリマー濃度:18質量%)。このポリマー溶液T11は、そのまま位相差膜を形成するための材料とした。
使用するポリマー粉体をP11からP12、P13に置き換えたことを除いては調製例11と同様に実施することで、ポリマー溶液T12、T13を得た。このポリマー溶液T13~T16は、そのまま位相差膜を形成するための材料とした。
使用するポリマー溶液をP1からP14に置き換えたことを除いては調製例1と同様の比率で溶媒等を混合することで、ポリマー溶液T14を得た。このポリマー溶液T14は、そのまま位相差膜を形成するための材料とした。
使用するポリマー粉体をP11からP15に置き換えたことを除いては調製例11と同様の比率で溶媒等を混合することで、ポリマー溶液T15を得た。このポリマー溶液T15は、そのまま位相差膜を形成するための材料とした。
[実施例1]
ポリマー溶液T1を孔径5.0μmのフィルターで濾過した後、無アルカリガラス基板上にスピンコートし、70℃のホットプレート上で4分間乾燥し、膜厚2.0μmの位相差膜を形成した。次いで、塗膜面に空気側から波長365nm(バンドパスフィルター:BPF)直線偏光紫外線を1200mJ/cm2(波長365nm基準) 照射した。その後、140℃の循環型オーブンで20分間加熱(本焼成)し、位相差膜付きの基板S1を作製した。
表1に示す通りのポリマー溶液、膜厚、偏光紫外線露光、本焼成温度の条件を変更した以外は実施例1と同様の手法で、位相差膜付きの基板S2~S9及びR1~R4を作製した。尚、直線偏光紫外線露光時に波長313nm(カットフィルターなし)直線偏光紫外線を用いた実施例2、7及び比較例1、2、4において、露光量は波長313nm基準とした。
ポリマー溶液T11をガラス上にバーコーターを用いて塗布した。この塗布フィルムを50℃の熱循環オーブンで3分間乾燥させ、続いて、この基板に高圧水銀灯から300nmロングウェブレングスパスフィルター(LWPF)および偏光板を介して365nmの偏光紫外線を600mJ/cm2照射(波長365nm基準)した。140℃のIR式オーブンで20分間加熱し、位相差膜付き基板S11を作製した。尚、S11の位相差層膜厚は、3.4μmであった。
表1に示す通りのポリマー溶液を変更した以外は実施例10と同様の手法で、位相差膜付きの基板S11、S12を作製した。
ポリマー溶液T15をガラス上にバーコーターを用いて塗布した。この塗布フィルムを50℃の熱循環オーブンで3分間乾燥させ、続いて、この基板に高圧水銀灯から275nmロングウェブレングスパスフィルター(LWPF)および偏光板を介して313nmの偏光紫外線を200mJ/cm2照射(波長313nm基準)した。150℃のIR式オーブンで20分間加熱し、位相差膜付き基板R5を作製した。尚、R5の位相差層膜厚は、2.3μmであった。
〔位相差値評価〕
Axometrics社製のAxo Scanを用いて波長550nmにおける直線位相差(Linear Re)を評価し、表1にまとめた。
各位相差膜付きの基板の膜表面にUVカットフィルム(波長370nm以下UVカット)を積層し、Q-Lab社製の卓上型キセノン促進耐候性試験機(放射照度:0.55W/m2(波長340nm基準)、温度:60℃、フィルター:Daylight F ilter)を用いて、耐光性試験を実施した。具体的には、UVカットフィルムを積層した各位相差膜付きの基板を上記条件のキセノン促進耐候性試験機に入れて200時間又は500時間に渡り光を露光した。露光後、UVカットフィルムを外した状態の各位相差膜付き基板の直線位相差を上記手法にて測定した。下記式に従って、Linear Re保持率を算出した。
Linear Re変化率[%]=100-(耐光性試験後のLinear Re)/(初期のLinear Re)×100
結果を表1に示す。
Claims (7)
- (A)下記式(a)で表される光反応性部位を有する側鎖を有する側鎖型重合体、及び
(B)有機溶媒を含み、(A)成分が、光反応性部位を有する側鎖を、全側鎖の20モル%より少ない量で含む側鎖型重合体である重合体組成物。
R2は、2価の芳香族基、2価の脂環族基、2価の複素環式基又は2価の縮合環式基である。
R3は、単結合、-O-、-C(=O)-O-、-O-C(=O)-又は-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-である。
Rは、フッ素原子、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルコキシ基、シアノ基又はニトロ基であり、c≧2のとき、各Rは、互いに同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよい。
aは、0、1又は2である。
bは、0又は1である。
cは、0≦c≦2b+4を満たす整数である。
破線は、結合手である。 - (A)側鎖型重合体が、更に、液晶性のみを発現する側鎖を有する請求項1に記載の重合体組成物。
- 上記液晶性のみを発現する側鎖が、下記式(1)~(13)のいずれかで表される液晶性側鎖である請求項3に記載の重合体組成物。
R11は、-NO2、-CN、ハロゲン原子、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニリル基、フリル基、1価窒素含有複素環基、炭素数5~8の1価脂環式炭化水素基、炭素数1~12のアルキル基又は炭素数1~12のアルキルオキシ基である。
R12は、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニリル基、フリル基、1価窒素含有複素環基、炭素数5~8の1価脂環式炭化水素基、及びこれらを組み合わせて得られる基からなる群から選ばれる基であり、これらに結合する水素原子が、-NO2、-CN、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素数1~5のアルコキシ基で置換されてもよい。
R13は、水素原子、-NO2、-CN、ハロゲン原子、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニリル基、フリル基、1価窒素含有複素環基、炭素数5~8の1価脂環式炭化水素基、炭素数1~12のアルキル基又は炭素数1~12のアルコキシ基である。
Eは、-C(=O)-O-又は-O-C(=O)-である。
dは、1~12の整数である。
k1~k5は、それぞれ独立に、0~2の整数であるが、k1~k5の合計は2以上である。
k6及びk7は、それぞれ独立に、0~2の整数であるが、k6及びk7の合計は1以上である。
m1、m2及びm3は、それぞれ独立に、1~3の整数である。
nは、0又は1である。
Z1及びZ2は、それぞれ独立に、単結合、-C(=O)-、-CH2O-、-CF2-である。
式中のベンゼン環、ナフタレン環の水素原子は、フッ素原子、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルコキシ基、シアノ基及びニトロ基から選ばれる置換基で置換されていてもよい。
破線は、結合手である。) - 上記液晶性のみを発現する側鎖が、式(1)~(11)のいずれかで表される液晶性側鎖である請求項4に記載の重合体組成物。
- (I)請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の重合体組成物を、基板上に塗布して塗膜を形成する工程、
(II)上記塗膜に、偏光した紫外線を照射する工程、及び
(III)上記紫外線を照射した塗膜を加熱して、位相差材を得る工程
を含む、単層位相差材の製造方法。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の組成物から得られる単層位相差材。
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