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WO2023082951A1 - 一种建筑施工升降方法 - Google Patents

一种建筑施工升降方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023082951A1
WO2023082951A1 PCT/CN2022/125806 CN2022125806W WO2023082951A1 WO 2023082951 A1 WO2023082951 A1 WO 2023082951A1 CN 2022125806 W CN2022125806 W CN 2022125806W WO 2023082951 A1 WO2023082951 A1 WO 2023082951A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lifting
beams
car
traction
installation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/125806
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴丰军
纪如愿
王松
Original Assignee
苏州东奥德森电梯有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州东奥德森电梯有限公司 filed Critical 苏州东奥德森电梯有限公司
Publication of WO2023082951A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023082951A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/0035—Arrangement of driving gear, e.g. location or support
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
    • B66B11/026—Attenuation system for shocks, vibrations, imbalance, e.g. passengers on the same side
    • B66B11/0266—Passive systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/043—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B17/00—Hoistway equipment
    • B66B17/12—Counterpoises
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/04—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of lifting, in particular to a lifting method for building construction.
  • Construction elevator is a kind of supporting equipment for manned and cargo lifting operation. It usually consists of car mechanism, driving mechanism, standard section, attached wall, chassis, fence, electrical system and other parts. There are many types of construction elevators. According to The operation mode is divided into two types: with or without counterweight mechanism and with counterweight mechanism. According to the control mode, it is divided into manual control type and automatic control type. Building construction needs to transport building materials to the required floors. During construction, the building is usually built first. The first installation height, and then continue to cover up to the second installation height. Before the second installation height, it is necessary to build up the guide rails for the lift of the car on the basis of the first height.
  • the present invention provides a lifting method for building construction, which is convenient and better for lifting.
  • the design is detachable and can be used alone or in combination. When used as a large frame and a construction platform, the car can be lifted together, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
  • the invention provides a lifting method for building construction, which uses a traction system to carry out the following construction, including the following steps:
  • Preparatory work mode lift the mechanism above the first installation height, fix the first installation frame and the second installation frame in place by the lifting mechanism, and then carry out the first installation height after the traction system is in place lifting construction;
  • the first independent lifting and lifting construction mode when the traction system is lifting and lowering at the first installation height, the first installation frame and the second installation frame are separated, the second installation frame is fixed, and the first After the installation frame is separated, it is reassembled into an installation platform, which is lifted up by the lifting mechanism to take the workers to build the guide rail, so that the construction of the guide rail at the second installation height and the construction of the first installation height can be carried out at the same time;
  • the anti-drop device provides guarantee for its safety;
  • the first overall lifting and lifting construction mode when the first installation height is completed, the guide rail of the second installation height is also built at this time, and then the first installation frame and the second installation frame are fixed together. At the same time, the second installation frame is still fixed together with the traction system, and then they are lifted up to the top of the second installation height and fixed in place, and then the traction system is in place and the lifting construction is carried out;
  • Steps S2 to S3 are repeated until the required height is achieved.
  • the second mounting frame and the car of the traction system are connected by a rigid connection assembly, which can prevent the second mounting frame and the car from occurring during the lifting process. Collision; after the lifting is completed, fix the second mounting frame on the guide rail, and then disassemble the rigid connection assembly, and then use the traction drive connection assembly to drive the car to lift up and down in the guide rail;
  • the first installation frame and the second installation frame form a detachable large frame and construction platform; a linkage mechanism consisting of a speed limiter and a safety gear is installed on the car to provide anti-falling protection when the car is raised and lowered.
  • a linkage mechanism consisting of a speed limiter and a safety gear is installed on the car to provide anti-falling protection when the car is raised and lowered.
  • the first installation frame is a first gantry structure
  • the first gantry structure includes two first horizontal beams, at least two first horizontal connecting beams and four first vertical beams,
  • the first horizontal beams are parallel to each other
  • the first horizontal connecting beams are parallel to each other and vertically connected between the two first horizontal beams
  • the four first vertical beams are vertically connected to both ends of the two first horizontal beams;
  • the second installation frame is a second gantry structure
  • the second gantry structure includes two second lower horizontal beams, two second lower horizontal connecting beams, two second upper horizontal beams, at least four second vertical beams, At least four second upper horizontal connecting beams, the second lower horizontal beams and the second lower horizontal connecting beams constitute the lower bracket for installing the steel wire rope pan
  • the second lower horizontal beams are parallel to each other and are located below the first horizontal beams
  • the second The lower horizontal beam is also detachably connected to the bottom of the first vertical beam to realize the detachable connection between the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame.
  • the second upper horizontal crossbeam, the second vertical beam and the second upper horizontal connecting beam constitute the upper support for installing the steel wire rope pan
  • the second upper horizontal crossbeams are parallel to each other and vertically connected to the two sides of the second lower horizontal connecting beam
  • the second vertical beams are arranged in pairs and their bottoms are vertically connected to the second upper horizontal beams.
  • the second upper horizontal connecting beams are parallel to each other and their two ends are vertically connected between the corresponding two second vertical beams. between.
  • the present application also includes two telescopic structures, the telescopic structures are rotatably arranged at both ends of the second lower horizontal beam, and when the telescopic structures are unfolded, the telescopic structures are rotated to form a The overall structure of the same plane; when the telescopic structure shrinks, the telescopic structure rotates to be perpendicular to the second horizontal beam.
  • the traction drive connection assembly includes a traction motor, a traction wheel, a wire rope, a wire rope reel and a traction control system, and the traction motor and the traction control system are arranged on the top of the car; the traction The output shaft of the motor is coaxially connected with the traction sheave.
  • the steel wire rope is installed on the second mounting frame. The two ends of the steel wire rope are respectively connected with the car and the counterweight mechanism. Generate friction in the traction sheave groove;
  • the wire rope large plate coaxial transmission has a gear motor or not, and the gearless motor is connected to the relay.
  • the three power lines of the gearless motor are connected to the star through the relay, and the star is sealed through the normally closed function of the relay, so that the motor has a hysteresis function.
  • the bottom of the second installation frame is rigidly connected to the car through a rigid connection assembly, and the middle part of the second installation frame is softly connected to the car through a chain hoist.
  • the second installation frame and the car are provided with a connecting assembly matched with the guide rail to prevent overturning and rollover during lifting;
  • the first installation frame is also provided with a crane, the mechanical The arm is a rotatable structure that can adjust the angle according to demand.
  • the lifting mechanism uses a winch as a lifting power source, and the winch is installed above each installation height.
  • the bottom of the car is provided with a buffer plate for buffer protection.
  • the car is provided with an accompanying power line for power transmission, and the accompanying power line is electrically connected to the traction motor and the traction control system.
  • the large frame and construction platform composed of the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame can be disassembled and used alone, or combined as a whole.
  • it is the hanging blue that installs the guide rail in advance, and when combined, it can be used together.
  • Lift the car so that the construction of the second installation height guide rail and the first installation height construction can be carried out at the same time, which can greatly shorten the construction time and save costs.
  • the first installation frame is equipped with a fall arrester to prevent the fall caused by the breakage of the wire rope.
  • Both the mounting frame and the second mounting frame can play a protective role, greatly improving safety performance.
  • the safety gear directly locks the car on the guide rail to prevent the car from falling.
  • the traction motor and traction control system are arranged on the top of the car mechanism, which saves the accompanying cables between the car, the motor and the traction control system, and only needs the accompanying power cord on the car, saving space , It also gave way to the large rack and construction platform.
  • the coaxially connected gearless motor in the wire rope drum is sealed by the normally closed function of the relay, so that the motor has a hysteresis function, so that it always provides tension to the wire rope during lifting, preventing the wire rope from loosening completely, which is safer.
  • connecting components matching the guide rails on the large frame and construction platform, and the connecting components can slide on the guide rails to prevent overturning and rollover during lifting; there is also a crane on the first installation frame, and the mechanical The arm is a rotatable structure, and the angle can be adjusted according to needs.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the elevator in the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state structure of the car lifting and lowering work when the large frame and the construction platform are disassembled in the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the state structure of the car lifting work when the large frame and the construction platform are combined in the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a large rack and a construction platform in the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the second lower horizontal beam and the telescopic structure in the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the car in the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a top view of the car in the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the safety gear in the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rigid connection assembly in the present invention.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.
  • This embodiment provides a method for building construction lifting, using the traction system shown in Figure 1 to Figure 9 to perform the following construction, including the following steps:
  • the lifting mechanism is in place above the first installation height, and the first installation frame 17 and the second installation frame 16 are fixed in place by the lifting mechanism, and then the first installation is performed after the traction system is in place Lifting construction at high altitudes;
  • the first independent lifting and lifting construction mode when the traction system is lifting and lowering at the first installation height, the first installation frame 17 and the second installation frame 16 are separated, and the second installation frame 16 is fixed , the first installation frame 17 is separated and reassembled into the installation platform, and the lifting mechanism is lifted up to bring the workers to build the guide rail 2, so that the construction of the guide rail 2 of the second installation height and the construction of the first installation height can be carried out simultaneously; meanwhile, the second installation height A fall arrester 13 is installed on the mounting frame 17 to provide guarantee for its safety;
  • the first overall lifting and lifting construction mode when the first installation height is completed, the guide rail 2 of the second installation height is also built at this time, and then the first installation frame 17 and the second installation frame 16 are fixed on the Together, at this time, the second installation frame 16 is still fixed together with the traction system, and then they are lifted up to the top of the second installation height and fixed in place, and then the lifting construction is carried out after the traction system is in place;
  • Steps S2 to S3 are repeated until the required height is achieved.
  • step S3 during the lifting process, the second mounting frame 16 and the car of the traction system are connected by a rigid connection assembly 6, which can prevent collisions between the second mounting frame 16 and the car during the lifting process; complete the lifting Finally, the second mounting frame 16 is fixed on the guide rail 2, and then the rigid connection assembly 6 is disassembled, and then the traction drive connection assembly is used to drive the car to lift and work in the guide rail 2;
  • the first mounting frame 17 and the second mounting frame 16 form a detachable large frame and a construction platform 4; a linkage mechanism composed of a speed limiter and a safety gear 18 is installed on the car to provide anti-falling protection when the car is lifted. , when the speed governor senses that the descending speed exceeds the preset range, the safety gear 18 is triggered to directly lock the car on the guide rail 2, and the linkage mechanism is not working when the first mounting frame 17 and the second mounting frame 16 are lifted together state.
  • the first mounting frame 17 is a first gantry structure, and the first gantry structure includes two first horizontal beams, two first horizontal connecting beams and four first vertical beams, the first horizontal beam parallel to each other, the first horizontal connecting beams are parallel to each other and vertically connected between the two first horizontal beams, and the four first vertical beams are vertically connected to both ends of the two first horizontal beams;
  • the second mounting frame 16 is a second gantry structure, and the second gantry structure includes two second lower horizontal beams, two second lower horizontal connecting beams, two second upper horizontal beams, eight second vertical beams, Eight second upper horizontal connecting beams, the second lower horizontal beam and the second lower horizontal connecting beam constitute the lower support for installing the steel wire rope pan, the second lower horizontal beams are parallel to each other and are located below the first horizontal beam, the second lower horizontal beam
  • the horizontal beam is also detachably connected with the bottom of the first vertical beam to realize the detachable connection of the first mounting frame 17 and the second mounting frame 16.
  • the second lower horizontal connecting beam is parallel to each other and its two ends are vertically connected to two second mounting frames.
  • the second upper horizontal crossbeam, the second vertical beam, and the second upper horizontal connecting beam constitute the upper support for installing the steel wire rope pan
  • the second upper horizontal crossbeams are parallel to each other and vertically connected to the second lower horizontal connecting beam
  • the second vertical beams are arranged in pairs and their bottoms are vertically connected to the second upper horizontal beams
  • the second upper horizontal connecting beams are parallel to each other and their two ends are vertically connected to the corresponding two second vertical beams between.
  • it also includes two telescopic structures 15, the telescopic structures 15 are rotated and arranged at the two ends of the second lower horizontal beam, when the telescopic structure 15 is unfolded, the telescopic structure 15 rotates to form a horizontal beam parallel to the second lower horizontal beam.
  • the traction drive connection assembly includes a traction motor 9, a traction wheel 5, a wire rope 3, a wire rope pan 14 and a traction control system 10, and the traction motor 9 and the traction control system 10 are arranged on the top of the car; the traction The output shaft of the motor 9 is connected with the coaxial transmission of the traction sheave 5, the wire rope pan 14 is arranged on the second mounting frame 16, the two ends of the wire rope 3 are respectively connected with the car and the counterweight mechanism 8, and the car mechanism 11 is connected with the counterweight The gravity of the mechanism 8 causes the steel wire rope 3 to be compressed in the groove of the traction sheave 5 to generate frictional force;
  • the wire rope large plate 14 coaxial transmission has gear motor or not, and the gearless motor is connected to the relay.
  • the three power lines of the gearless motor are connected to the star through the relay, and the star is sealed through the normally closed function of the relay, so that the motor has a hysteresis function, thus Pulling force is provided to the steel wire rope 3 all the time during lifting to prevent the steel wire rope 3 from loosening completely.
  • the bottom of the second installation frame 16 is rigidly connected to the car through the rigid connection assembly 6
  • the middle part of the second installation frame 16 is softly connected to the car through the chain hoist 7 .
  • the second installation frame 16 and the car are provided with a connecting assembly matching the guide rail 2 to prevent overturning and rollover during lifting;
  • the first installation frame 17 is also provided with a crane, and the mechanical arm of the crane Rotatable structure to adjust the angle.
  • the lifting mechanism uses the winch 1 as a lifting power source, and the winch 1 is installed above each installation height.
  • the bottom of the car 11 is provided with a buffer plate 19 for buffer protection.
  • the car 11 is provided with an accompanying power cord 12 for power transmission, and the accompanying power cord 12 is electrically connected to the traction motor 9 and the traction control system 10 .
  • the large frame and construction platform formed by the large frame of the first installation frame and the second mounting frame can be disassembled and used alone, or combined as a whole. When disassembled, it is a hanging basket with guide rails installed in advance. When combined, the car can be lifted together. In this way, the construction of the guide rails at the second installation height and the construction of the first installation height can be carried out at the same time, which can greatly shorten the construction time and save costs.
  • the bottom of the second mounting frame 16 is rigidly connected between the two groups of rigid connection components 6 and the car, and the middle part of the second mounting frame 16 is softly connected by the hand chain block 7 and the car.
  • the structure can be disassembled to facilitate positioning and disassembly with the second mounting bracket 16, and the flexible connection structure can be used for activity adjustment.
  • the first installation frame When the large frame and construction platform are disassembled, the first installation frame is equipped with a fall arrester to prevent the fall caused by the breakage of the wire rope.
  • the second installation frame can play a protective role, greatly improving the safety performance.
  • the safety gear When the car is ascending and descending, when the speed limiter senses that the descending speed exceeds the set threshold, the safety gear directly locks the car on the guide rail to prevent the car from falling.
  • the traction motor and traction control system are arranged on the top of the car mechanism, which saves the accompanying cables between the car, the motor and the traction control system. Only the accompanying power cord is needed on the car, which saves space and provides The large rack and construction platform gave way to space.
  • the coaxially connected gearless motor in the wire rope drum is sealed by the normally closed function of the relay, so that the motor has a hysteresis function, so that it always provides tension to the wire rope during lifting, preventing the wire rope from loosening completely, which is safer.
  • the large frame and construction platform are equipped with connecting components that match the guide rails.
  • the connecting components can slide on the guide rails to prevent overturning and rollover during lifting; there is also a crane on the first installation frame, and the mechanical arm of the crane can be
  • the rotating structure can adjust the angle according to the demand.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)

Abstract

一种建筑施工升降方法，使用升降机进行以下施工，包括以下步骤：S1、预备工作模式；S2、第一次单独提升及升降施工模式；S3、第一次整体提升及升降施工模式；S4、重复步骤S2至步骤S3直至完成所需要的高度。大盘架兼施工平台（4）可拆卸，可单独使用，也可组合使用，拆解时为提前安装导轨的吊篮，组合时整体作为大盘架兼施工平台（4）可以一起提升轿厢，拆解时大盘架兼施工平台（4）上有防坠器（13），防止因为钢丝绳（3）断裂造成坠落，组合时防坠器（13）依然有效。

Description

一种建筑施工升降方法 技术领域
本发明涉及升降技术领域，特别涉及一种建筑施工升降方法。
背景技术
建筑施工升降机是一种进行载人载货升降操作的支撑设备，通常由轿厢机构、驱动机构、标准节、附墙、底盘、围栏、电气系统等几部分组成，施工升降机的种类很多，按运行方式分有无对重机构和有对重机构两种，按控制方式分为手动控制式和自动控制式，建筑施工需要将建材运送到需要的楼层，在施工时，一般先将建筑盖到第一个安装高度，然后再向上继续盖到第二个安装高度，在第二个安装高度之前需要在第一个高度基础上向上搭建给轿厢升降的导轨。
现有的建筑施工升降机在使用时存在一定的弊端，采用现有技术结构的升降机在第一个安装高度运送建材时无法为搭建导轨提供帮助，大大增加了施工周期，增加了施工成本，另外，轿厢和电机、曳引控制系统之间需要使用随行电缆线进行数据传输，电缆线繁琐复杂，占用较大空间，不利于户外使用环境，为此，我们提出一种建筑施工升降方法。
发明内容
(一)解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种建筑施工升降方法，方便更好的进行升降，设计可拆卸，可单独使用，也可组合使用，拆解时为提前安装导轨的吊蓝，组合时作为大盘架兼施工平台可以一起提升轿厢，可以有效解决背景技术中的问题。
(二)技术方案
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：
本发明提供一种建筑施工升降方法，使用曳引系统进行以下施工，包括以下步骤：
S1、预备工作模式：在第一个安装高度上方就位提升机构，由提升机构将第一安装架和第二安装架固定就位，然后将曳引系统就位后进行第一个安装高度下的升降施工；
S2、第一次单独提升及升降施工模式：在第一个安装高度下曳引系统进行升降施工时，将第一安装架和第二安装架进行分离，第二安装架固定不动，第一安装架分离后重新组合成安装平台由提升机构向上提升带着工人搭建导轨，这样搭建第二个安装高度的导轨和第一个安装高度的施工可同时进行；同时，第一安装架上安装有防坠器，为其安全提供保障；
S3、第一次整体提升及升降施工模式：当第一个安装高度完成时，此时第二个安装高度的导轨也搭建完成，然后将第一安装架和第二安装架固定在一起，此时第二安装架还与曳引系统固定在一起，再将他们一起向上提升到第二个安装高度的上方固定就位，之后将曳引系统就位后进行升降施工；
S4、重复步骤S2至步骤S3直至完成所需要的高度。
作为本申请一种优选的技术方案，步骤S3中提升过程中第二安装架和曳引系统的轿厢之间采用刚性连接组件连接，可防止提升过程中第二安装架和轿厢之间产生碰撞；完成提升后将第二安装架固定在导轨上，再拆开刚性连接组件，之后就利用曳引驱动连接组件带动轿厢在导轨内升降工作；
第一安装架和第二安装架构成可拆卸的大盘架兼施工平台；轿厢上安装有限速器和安全钳构成的联动机构，用于在轿厢升降时提供防坠保护作用，当限速器感应到下降速度超出预设范围时，触发安全钳直接将轿厢卡死在导轨上，联动机构在第一安装架和第二安装架一起提升时处于不工作状态。
作为本申请一种优选的技术方案，第一安装架为第一龙门架结构，第一龙门架结构包括二个第一水平横梁、至少二个第一水平连接梁和四个第一竖梁，第一水平横梁相互平行，第一水平连接梁相互平行且垂直连接于二个第一水平横梁之间，四个第一竖梁垂直连接于二个第一水平横梁的两端；
第二安装架为第二龙门架结构，第二龙门架结构包括二个第二下水平横梁、二个第二下水平连接梁、二个第二上水平横梁、至少四个第二竖梁、至少四个第二上水平连接梁，第二下水平横梁和第二下水平连接梁构成用于安装钢丝绳大盘的下支架，第二下水平横梁相互平行且位于第一水平横梁的下方，第二下水平横梁还与第一竖梁的底部可拆卸连接实现第一安装架和第二安装架的可拆卸连接，第二下水平连接梁相互平行且其两端底部垂直连接于二个第二水平横梁之间；第二上水平横梁、第二竖梁、第二上水平连接梁构成用于安装钢 丝绳大盘的上支架，第二上水平横梁相互平行且垂直连接于第二下水平连接梁的两端顶部，第二竖梁两两相对应设置且其底部垂直连接于第二上水平横梁上，第二上水平连接梁相互平行且其两端垂直连接于相对应的二个第二竖梁之间。
作为本申请一种优选的技术方案，还包括二个伸缩结构，伸缩结构转动设置于第二下水平横梁的两端，当伸缩结构展开时，伸缩结构转动至与第二下水平横梁平行构成一个同一平面的整体结构；当伸缩结构收缩时，伸缩结构转动至与第二水平横梁垂直。
作为本申请一种优选的技术方案，曳引驱动连接组件包括曳引电机、曳引轮、钢丝绳、钢丝绳大盘和曳引控制系统，曳引电机和曳引控制系统设置在轿厢顶部；曳引电机的输出轴与曳引轮同轴传动连接，钢丝绳大盘设置于第二安装架上，钢丝绳的两端分别与轿厢、对重机构连接，轿厢机构与对重机构的重力使钢丝绳压紧在曳引轮槽内产生摩擦力；
钢丝绳大盘同轴传动有无齿轮电机，且无齿轮电机连接继电器，无齿轮电机的三根动力线通过继电器进行封星连接，通过继电器的常闭功能进行封星，使得电机具有磁滞功能，从而在升降时始终提供拉力给钢丝绳，防止钢丝绳全部松开。
作为本申请一种优选的技术方案，第二安装架的底部通过刚性连接组件与轿厢之间为硬性连接，第二安装架的中部通过手拉葫芦与轿厢之间为软性连接。
作为本申请一种优选的技术方案，第二安装架和轿厢上设有与导轨匹配的连接组件，在提升时防止倾覆侧翻；第一安装架上还设有吊机，吊机的机械臂为根据需求调节角度的可旋转式的结构。
作为本申请一种优选的技术方案，提升机构通过卷扬机作为提升动力源，卷扬机安装于每个安装高度的上方。
作为本申请一种优选的技术方案，轿厢的底部设有用于缓冲防护的缓冲板。
作为本申请一种优选的技术方案，所述轿厢上设有用于电源输送的随行电源线，随行电源线与曳引电机、曳引控制系统电连接。
(三)有益效果
与现有技术相比，具备以下有益效果：
第一，第一安装架和第二安装架大盘架构成的大盘架兼施工平台可以拆解单独使用，也可以组合为一个整体使用，拆解时为提前安装导轨的吊蓝，组合时可以一起提升轿厢，这样搭建第二个安装高度的导轨和第一个安装高度的施工可同时进行，可大大缩短施工时间，节约成本。
第二，大盘架兼施工平台拆解时，第一安装架上设有防坠器，防止因为钢丝绳断裂造成坠落，组合时防坠器依然有效，即单独提升第一安装架和整体提升第一安装架与第二安装架时都可以起到保护作用，大大提高安全性能。
第三，在轿厢升降时，限速器感应到下降速度超出设定阈值时，安全钳直接将轿厢卡死在导轨上，防止轿厢坠落。
第四，曳引电机和曳引控制系统设置在轿厢机构顶部，省却了轿厢和电机、曳引控制系统之间的随行电缆线，轿厢上只需要随行电源线即可，节省了空间，也给大盘架兼施工平台让出了空间。
第五，钢丝绳大盘内同轴连接的无齿轮电机通过继电器的常闭功能进行封星，使得电机具有磁滞功能，从而在升降时始终提供拉力给钢丝绳，防止钢丝绳全部松开，更加安全。
第六，大盘架兼施工平台上设有与导轨相匹配的连接组件，连接组件可在导轨上滑动，在提升时防止倾覆侧翻；第一安装架上还设有吊机，吊机的机械臂为可旋转式的结构，可根据需求调节角度。
附图说明
图1为本发明中升降机的整体结构示意图。
图2为本发明中大盘架兼施工平台拆解时进行轿厢升降工作的状态结构示意图。
图3为本发明中大盘架兼施工平台组合时进行轿厢提升工作的状态结构示意图。
图4为本发明中大盘架兼施工平台的结构示意图。
图5为本发明中第二下水平横梁和伸缩结构的结构示意图。
图6为本发明中轿厢的结构示意图。
图7为本发明中轿厢的俯视图。
图8为本发明中安全钳的安装结构示意图。
图9为本发明中刚性连接组件的安装结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，但是本领域技术人员将会理解，下列所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例，仅用于说明本发明，而不应视为限制本发明的范围。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者，按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重机构要性。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例一：
本实施例提供一种建筑施工升降方法，使用如图1至图9所示的曳引系统进行以下施工，包括以下步骤：
S1、预备工作模式：在第一个安装高度上方就位提升机构，由提升机构将第一安装架17和第二安装架16固定就位，然后将曳引系统就位后进行第一个安装高度下的升降施工；
S2、第一次单独提升及升降施工模式：在第一个安装高度下曳引系统进行升降施工时，将第一安装架17和第二安装架16进行分离，第二安装架16固定不动，第一安装架17分离后重新组合成安装平台由提升机构向上提升带着工人 搭建导轨2，这样搭建第二个安装高度的导轨2和第一个安装高度的施工可同时进行；同时，第一安装架17上安装有防坠器13，为其安全提供保障；
S3、第一次整体提升及升降施工模式：当第一个安装高度完成时，此时第二个安装高度的导轨2也搭建完成，然后将第一安装架17和第二安装架16固定在一起，此时第二安装架16还与曳引系统固定在一起，再将他们一起向上提升到第二个安装高度的上方固定就位，之后将曳引系统就位后进行升降施工；
S4、重复步骤S2至步骤S3直至完成所需要的高度。
具体的，步骤S3中提升过程中第二安装架16和曳引系统的轿厢之间采用刚性连接组件6连接，可防止提升过程中第二安装架16和轿厢之间产生碰撞；完成提升后将第二安装架16固定在导轨2上，再拆开刚性连接组件6，之后就利用曳引驱动连接组件带动轿厢在导轨2内升降工作；
第一安装架17和第二安装架16构成可拆卸的大盘架兼施工平台4；轿厢上安装有限速器和安全钳18构成的联动机构，用于在轿厢升降时提供防坠保护作用，当限速器感应到下降速度超出预设范围时，触发安全钳18直接将轿厢卡死在导轨2上，联动机构在第一安装架17和第二安装架16一起提升时处于不工作状态。
如图4所示，第一安装架17为第一龙门架结构，第一龙门架结构包括二个第一水平横梁、二个第一水平连接梁和四个第一竖梁，第一水平横梁相互平行，第一水平连接梁相互平行且垂直连接于二个第一水平横梁之间，四个第一竖梁垂直连接于二个第一水平横梁的两端；
第二安装架16为第二龙门架结构，第二龙门架结构包括二个第二下水平横梁、二个第二下水平连接梁、二个第二上水平横梁、八个第二竖梁、八个第二上水平连接梁，第二下水平横梁和第二下水平连接梁构成用于安装钢丝绳大盘的下支架，第二下水平横梁相互平行且位于第一水平横梁的下方，第二下水平横梁还与第一竖梁的底部可拆卸连接实现第一安装架17和第二安装架16的可拆卸连接，第二下水平连接梁相互平行且其两端底部垂直连接于二个第二水平横梁之间；第二上水平横梁、第二竖梁、第二上水平连接梁构成用于安装钢丝绳大盘的上支架，第二上水平横梁相互平行且垂直连接于第二下水平连接梁的两端顶部，第二竖梁两两相对应设置且其底部垂直连接于第二上水平横梁上， 第二上水平连接梁相互平行且其两端垂直连接于相对应的二个第二竖梁之间。
如图5所示，还包括二个伸缩结构15，伸缩结构15转动设置于第二下水平横梁的两端，当伸缩结构15展开时，伸缩结构15转动至与第二下水平横梁平行构成一个同一平面的整体结构；当伸缩结构15收缩时，伸缩结构15转动至与第二水平横梁垂直。
具体的，曳引驱动连接组件包括曳引电机9、曳引轮5、钢丝绳3、钢丝绳大盘14和曳引控制系统10，曳引电机9和曳引控制系统10设置在轿厢顶部；曳引电机9的输出轴与曳引轮5同轴传动连接，钢丝绳大盘14设置于第二安装架16上，钢丝绳3的两端分别与轿厢、对重机构8连接，轿厢机构11与对重机构8的重力使钢丝绳3压紧在曳引轮5槽内产生摩擦力；
钢丝绳大盘14同轴传动有无齿轮电机，且无齿轮电机连接继电器，无齿轮电机的三根动力线通过继电器进行封星连接，通过继电器的常闭功能进行封星，使得电机具有磁滞功能，从而在升降时始终提供拉力给钢丝绳3，防止钢丝绳3全部松开。
如图9所示，第二安装架16的底部通过刚性连接组件6与轿厢之间为硬性连接，第二安装架16的中部通过手拉葫芦7与轿厢之间为软性连接。
具体的，第二安装架16和轿厢上设有与导轨2匹配的连接组件，在提升时防止倾覆侧翻；第一安装架17上还设有吊机，吊机的机械臂为根据需求调节角度的可旋转式的结构。
具体的，提升机构通过卷扬机1作为提升动力源，卷扬机1安装于每个安装高度的上方。
如图8所示，轿厢11的底部设有用于缓冲防护的缓冲板19。
具体的，所述轿厢11上设有用于电源输送的随行电源线12，随行电源线12与曳引电机9、曳引控制系统10电连接。
第一安装架和第二安装架大盘架构成的大盘架兼施工平台可以拆解单独使用，也可以组合为一个整体使用，拆解时为提前安装导轨的吊蓝，组合时可以一起提升轿厢，这样搭建第二个安装高度的导轨和第一个安装高度的施工可同时进行，可大大缩短施工时间，节约成本。
同时，第二安装架16的底部通过两组刚性连接组件6与轿厢之间为硬性 连接，第二安装架16的中部通过手拉葫芦7与轿厢之间为软性连接，通过刚性连接结构可以进行拆装，方便与第二安装架16之间进行定位与拆卸，通过软性连接结构可以进行活动调节。
大盘架兼施工平台拆解时，第一安装架上设有防坠器，防止因为钢丝绳断裂造成坠落，组合时防坠器依然有效，即单独提升第一安装架和整体提升第一安装架与第二安装架时都可以起到保护作用，大大提高安全性能。
在轿厢升降时，限速器感应到下降速度超出设定阈值时，安全钳直接将轿厢卡死在导轨上，防止轿厢坠落。
曳引电机和曳引控制系统设置在轿厢机构顶部，省却了轿厢和电机、曳引控制系统之间的随行电缆线，轿厢上只需要随行电源线即可，节省了空间，也给大盘架兼施工平台让出了空间。
钢丝绳大盘内同轴连接的无齿轮电机通过继电器的常闭功能进行封星，使得电机具有磁滞功能，从而在升降时始终提供拉力给钢丝绳，防止钢丝绳全部松开，更加安全。
大盘架兼施工平台上设有与导轨相匹配的连接组件，连接组件可在导轨上滑动，在提升时防止倾覆侧翻；第一安装架上还设有吊机，吊机的机械臂为可旋转式的结构，可根据需求调节角度。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二一号、二号等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种建筑施工升降方法，其特征在于，使用曳引系统进行以下施工，包括以下步骤：
    S1、预备工作模式：在第一个安装高度上方就位提升机构，由提升机构将第一安装架(17)和第二安装架(16)固定就位，然后将曳引系统就位后进行第一个安装高度下的升降施工；
    S2、第一次单独提升及升降施工模式：在第一个安装高度下曳引系统进行升降施工时，将第一安装架(17)和第二安装架(16)进行分离，第二安装架(16)固定不动，第一安装架(17)分离后重新组合成安装平台由提升机构向上提升带着工人搭建导轨(2)，这样搭建第二个安装高度的导轨(2)和第一个安装高度的施工可同时进行；同时，第一安装架(17)上安装有防坠器(13)，为其安全提供保障；
    S3、第一次整体提升及升降施工模式：当第一个安装高度完成时，此时第二个安装高度的导轨(2)也搭建完成，然后将第一安装架(17)和第二安装架(16)固定在一起，此时第二安装架(16)还与曳引系统固定在一起，再将他们一起向上提升到第二个安装高度的上方固定就位，之后将曳引系统就位后进行升降施工；
    S4、重复步骤S2至步骤S3直至完成所需要的高度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑施工升降方法，其特征在于：步骤S3中提升过程中第二安装架(16)和曳引系统的轿厢之间采用刚性连接组件(6)连接，可防止提升过程中第二安装架(16)和轿厢之间产生碰撞；完成提升后将第二安装架(16)固定在导轨(2)上，再拆开刚性连接组件(6)，之后就利用曳引驱动连接组件带动轿厢在导轨(2)内升降工作；
    第一安装架(17)和第二安装架(16)构成可拆卸的大盘架兼施工平台(4)；轿厢上安装有限速器和安全钳(18)构成的联动机构，用于在轿厢升降时提供防坠保护作用，当限速器感应到下降速度超出预设范围时，触发安全钳(18)直接将轿厢卡死在导轨(2)上，联动机构在第一安装架(17)和第二安装架(16)一起提升时处于不工作状态。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种建筑施工升降方法，其特征在于：第一安装架(17)为第一龙门架结构，第一龙门架结构包括二个第一水平横梁、至少二 个第一水平连接梁和四个第一竖梁，第一水平横梁相互平行，第一水平连接梁相互平行且垂直连接于二个第一水平横梁之间，四个第一竖梁垂直连接于二个第一水平横梁的两端；
    第二安装架(16)为第二龙门架结构，第二龙门架结构包括二个第二下水平横梁、二个第二下水平连接梁、二个第二上水平横梁、至少四个第二竖梁、至少四个第二上水平连接梁，第二下水平横梁和第二下水平连接梁构成用于安装钢丝绳大盘的下支架，第二下水平横梁相互平行且位于第一水平横梁的下方，第二下水平横梁还与第一竖梁的底部可拆卸连接实现第一安装架(17)和第二安装架(16)的可拆卸连接，第二下水平连接梁相互平行且其两端底部垂直连接于二个第二水平横梁之间；第二上水平横梁、第二竖梁、第二上水平连接梁构成用于安装钢丝绳大盘的上支架，第二上水平横梁相互平行且垂直连接于第二下水平连接梁的两端顶部，第二竖梁两两相对应设置且其底部垂直连接于第二上水平横梁上，第二上水平连接梁相互平行且其两端垂直连接于相对应的二个第二竖梁之间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种建筑施工升降方法，其特征在于：还包括二个伸缩结构(15)，伸缩结构(15)转动设置于第二下水平横梁的两端，当伸缩结构(15)展开时，伸缩结构(15)转动至与第二下水平横梁平行构成一个同一平面的整体结构；当伸缩结构(15)收缩时，伸缩结构(15)转动至与第二水平横梁垂直。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种建筑施工升降方法，其特征在于：曳引驱动连接组件包括曳引电机(9)、曳引轮(5)、钢丝绳(3)、钢丝绳大盘(14)和曳引控制系统(10)，曳引电机(9)和曳引控制系统(10)设置在轿厢顶部；曳引电机(9)的输出轴与曳引轮(5)同轴传动连接，钢丝绳大盘(14)设置于第二安装架(16)上，钢丝绳(3)的两端分别与轿厢、对重机构(8)连接，轿厢机构(11)与对重机构(8)的重力使钢丝绳(3)压紧在曳引轮(5)槽内产生摩擦力；
    钢丝绳大盘(14)同轴传动有无齿轮电机，且无齿轮电机连接继电器，无齿轮电机的三根动力线通过继电器进行封星连接，通过继电器的常闭功能进行封星，使得电机具有磁滞功能，从而在升降时始终提供拉力给钢丝绳(3)，防 止钢丝绳(3)全部松开。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑施工升降方法，其特征在于：第二安装架(16)的底部通过刚性连接组件(6)与轿厢之间为硬性连接，第二安装架(16)的中部通过手拉葫芦(7)与轿厢之间为软性连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑施工升降方法，其特征在于：第二安装架(16)和轿厢上设有与导轨(2)匹配的连接组件，在提升时防止倾覆侧翻；第一安装架(17)上还设有吊机，吊机的机械臂为根据需求调节角度的可旋转式的结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑施工升降方法，其特征在于：提升机构通过卷扬机(1)作为提升动力源，卷扬机(1)安装于每个安装高度的上方。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑施工升降方法，其特征在于：轿厢(11)的底部设有用于缓冲防护的缓冲板(19)。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑施工升降方法，其特征在于：所述轿厢(11)上设有用于电源输送的随行电源线(12)，随行电源线(12)与曳引电机(9)、曳引控制系统(10)电连接。
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CN112794180A (zh) * 2021-02-01 2021-05-14 安徽工业大学 用于施工电梯井的升降机及施工方案
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