WO2023078987A1 - Systeme de navigation a coeurs inertiels pivotants - Google Patents
Systeme de navigation a coeurs inertiels pivotants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023078987A1 WO2023078987A1 PCT/EP2022/080660 EP2022080660W WO2023078987A1 WO 2023078987 A1 WO2023078987 A1 WO 2023078987A1 EP 2022080660 W EP2022080660 W EP 2022080660W WO 2023078987 A1 WO2023078987 A1 WO 2023078987A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- inertial
- cores
- navigation
- navigation system
- rotation
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/10—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
- G01C21/12—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
- G01C21/16—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
- G01C21/166—Mechanical, construction or arrangement details of inertial navigation systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/10—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
- G01C21/12—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
- G01C21/16—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
- G01C21/183—Compensation of inertial measurements, e.g. for temperature effects
- G01C21/188—Compensation of inertial measurements, e.g. for temperature effects for accumulated errors, e.g. by coupling inertial systems with absolute positioning systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of navigation and more particularly to the field of navigation of vehicles, in particular submarines and more particularly to nuclear ballistic missile submarines (SNLE in French, better known in the United States and in NATO vocabulary under the acronym SSBN for "Submersible Ship Ballistic missiles Nuclear powered”).
- SNLE nuclear ballistic missile submarines
- submarines have the mission of remaining at sea for several weeks, even several months, without being spotted and to be ready, in the event that the vital interests of the Nation have been attacked by another state, to launch missiles on strategic targets of that state.
- submarines are detectable and vulnerable when they are emerged, submarines of the aforementioned type ideally remain submerged for the entire duration of their mission.
- This prolonged immersion has in particular the consequence that it prevents the crew of the submarine from determining its position from the position of stars or landmarks.
- a satellite positioning system GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, BEIDU
- the submarine is not able to receive satellite signals when it is submerged.
- the submarines are equipped with a navigation device comprising at least one inertial unit arranged to measure the movements of the ssoouuss--mmaarriinn.
- the navigation device can calculate the position of the submarine at each moment of its navigation.
- the unit comprises an inertial heart which comprises: ttrrooiiss linear inertial sensors, generally accelerometers, aligned with three axes of a measurement mark to mmeessuurreerr the specific force applied to the heart; and three angular sensors, like gyroscopes, to measure rotations of the heart relative to the inertial frame.
- the heart is mounted on the ship by means of a gimbal mechanism comprising torque motors driven according to the measurements of the angular sensors so as to keep the orientation of the measurement reference fixed with respect to the local geographical reference.
- the unit comprises an inertial heart (or IMU for inertial measurement unit) which is fixed by suspensions in a box directly fixed to the submarine and which comprises: three linear inertial sensors, generally accelerometers, aligned on three axes of a measuring rod to measure the specific force applied to the submarine; and three angular sensors such as gyrometers for measuring rotations of the measurement frame with respect to the inertial frame then geographical.
- IMU inertial measurement unit
- a localization algorithm can then calculate at any time a rotation matrix to pass from the measurement reference to the geographical reference and to project in the geographical reference the mmeessuurreess of the linear sensors which are then integrated, after compensation for the gravitational acceleration, to determine the movement of the submarine relative to the geographical reference and to deduce its position in this reference.
- the accuracy of these control units is obviously highly dependent on the accuracy of each of the sensors that make it up.
- the measurements provided by the sensors are affected by errors of different types (bias of the accelerometers, bias or drift of the gyrometers, scale factor error, axis misalignment of the axes of the accelerometers and of the gyrometers) that it is necessary to know to correct them.
- most of these errors vary over time so that it is not sufficient to determine them at the factory to correct them once and for all.
- This location information can be the known coordinates of the quay along which the submarine is located, the zero speed of the submarine at the quay, speed information from a log, or even a position from a satellite positioning system.
- Inertial units of a mixed type comprising an inertial core of the "strapped-down" type fixed on a table carried by a rotation mechanism allowing rotation of the table about a vertical axis of rotation.
- This architecture makes it necessary to have a very precise angle encoder on the axis of rotation to pass from the attitude provided by the control unit carried by the table to the attitude of the carrier vehicle on which the table is fixed.
- inertial units of a mixed type comprising an inertial heart of the "strapped-down" type fixed on a table carried by a gimbal mechanism allowing rotation of the table about two axes perpendicular to each other. other.
- the gimbal mechanism comprises motors which are controlled to bring the table into different orientations so as to temporally average the projection, in the geographical reference, of the measurement errors.
- Such a table is however complex from a mechanical point of view and requires the use of slip rings to ensure the electrical supply of the inertial core.
- this rotation axis architecture does not make it possible to directly know the attitude (heading, pitch, roll) of the carrier, unless you have very precise angle encoders on the axes and rotation axes whose directions are known
- Document FR-A-2826447 discloses a navigation device comprising a navigation unit mounted on a motorized gimbal and a strapped-down type navigation unit. It is planned to perform 180° reversals of the gimbal-mounted navigation unit around two axes to cancel out the errors on average.
- An object of the invention is to provide an inertial navigation means having a reliable structure providing relatively precise navigation data.
- the drift Dv of the gyrometers oriented along the axis of rotation aligned with the local vertical direction Zlocal is projected on the polar axis in drift Dp equal to Dv.sin(Lat) and the drift Dn oriented along the local North axis Nlocal is projects on the local polar axis in Dn.cos(Lat).
- the term sin(Lat) tends towards 1 near the pole so that the projected drifts on the polar axis Ap tend to increase when approaching the pole, Or, for long-duration navigation (more than a few days), the predominant error is the longitude error which corresponds to the integral, as a function of time, of the drifts of the three gyrometers projected along the polar axis Ap.
- the drifts of the gyrometers which are projected in the equatorial plane (plane perpendicular to the polar axis Ap) generally create position and heading errors with a period of twenty-four hours which are not divergent.
- an inertial navigation system intended to be on board a vehicle, comprising at least two first inertial cores of the linked type and two second inertial cores each integral a table mounted to pivot about an axis of rotation, the axes of rotation of the second inertial cores being angularly offset relative to each other (in other words they are not mutually parallel).
- the system further comprises at least one electronic location calculation unit which is connected to the inertial cores and to a rotary drive motor of the table to control them and which implements at least one filtering algorithm to observe and correct a gap between positions provided by the cores.
- the electronic unit is programmed to control the motor to cause the tables to pivot and to process measurements originating on the one hand from the second inertial cores in at least two distinct angular positions of each table and on the other hand from the first cores.
- FIG. 9 a system is shown whose second cores are each mounted to rotate around an axis of rotation so that the second cores have rotation points R1, R2, R3 arranged to form a trihedron.
- the axis of rotation R1 is the one whose projection on the polar axis Ap is the most unfavorable and will greatly contribute to the divergence of the longitude error while the axis of rotation R2 is the one whose the projection on the polar axis Ap is the most favorable and will contribute the least to the divergence of the longitude error.
- the precision of the inertial cores can be improved in particular during movements of the vehicle, in particular for long duration movements, typically several days, and this under all latitudes.
- the system includes three first inertial cores and three second inertial cores.
- the axes of rotation of the tables form a trihedron and the trihedron preferably has a trisector extending in a vertical direction of the vehicle in the absence of roll and pitch.
- the trisector is the line forming the same angle with all the axes of rotation.
- the axes of rotation of the tables extend in a horizontal plane of the vehicle
- the axes of rotation of the tables are mutually orthogonal.
- the filtering algorithm comprises at least two Kalman filters each supplied with measurements by at least one of the first cores and at least one of the second cores.
- the filtering algorithm comprises three Kalman filters supplied with measurements by two of the second cores or
- the electronic navigation unit comprises at least two navigation modules which are each connected to at least one of the first cores and at least one of the second cores and which are each arranged to determine a first location of the vehicle from the measurements provided by the cores, each navigation module being associated with one of the filters; the navigation electronic unit determining a second location of the vehicle from an average of the first locations weighted according to precision information supplied by each filter.
- the filtering algorithm comprises a filter supplied with data by the first three cores and the three second cores.
- the precision of the second inertial cores can be improved during the initialization phase while the vehicle is stationary and the precision of the locations of the first inertial cores is improved during the navigation phase from the measurements of the second inertial cores.
- the table is used during the navigation phase, to improve the precision of the navigation system.
- the rotations of the table are then made with respect to the reference of the carrier vehicle.
- the amplitude of the rotations is 180° so that, at constant heading, the errors are averaged in the geographical reference.
- the electronic navigation unit is programmed to implement an initialization phase during which the carrier vehicle is stationary and the electronic unit controls the motors to rotate each table and processes measurements from the second inertial cores in at least two distinct angular positions of the table with a view to deducing errors therefrom, and a navigation phase during which the electronic unit compares the measurements of the first inertial cores with those of the second inertial cores during this phase to correct errors of the first cores inertials.
- the electronic control unit is programmed to, during the navigation phase, controlling the motors to rotate the tables and processing measurements of the second inertial cores in at least two distinct angular positions of the tables in order to deduce errors therefrom.
- FIG. 1 is a partial schematic perspective view of a submarine equipped with a navigation system according to the invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of such a ddee navigation system, according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of one of the inertial units of the navigation system according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view, in perspective, of a navigation system according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the architecture of part of a navigation system according to a third embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the positioning of the axes of rotation with respect to the vertical in a navigation system according to a fourth embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the positioning of the axes of rotation with respect to the vertical in a navigation system according to a fifth embodiment
- FIG. 8 is a diagram making it possible to display the navigation errors for a navigation system according to the prior art
- Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8 for the navigation system according to the invention.
- the invention is here described in application to a submarine S partially shown in schematic form in Figure 1.
- the submarine S is equipped with an inertial navigation system according to the invention, this system being generally designated 1.
- the inertial navigation system 1 comprises three inertial units 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 respectively comprising a first inertial heart 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 and a second inertial core 20.1, 20.2, 20.3.
- the first inertial core 10.1 comprises linear sensors 11x, 11y, 11z arranged along the axes X10, Y10, Z10 of a first measurement reference R10.
- the first inertial core 10.1 also comprises angular sensors 12x, 12y, 12z arranged to measure the rotations of the measurement reference r10 with respect to uunn inertial reference.
- the first inertial cores 10.2, 10.3 are identical to the first inertial core 10.1.
- Each inertial core is suspended in a box to limit the shocks and vibrations felt by the sensors.
- the linear sensors are conventional type accelerometers and the angular sensors here are vibrating resonator gyroscopes such as hemispherical resonator gyroscopes (or HRG for “Hemispherical Resonator Gyroscope”) given the desired precision, II is alternatively possible to use another type of gyrometer such as laser gyroscopes or fiber optic gyrometers.
- vibrating resonator gyroscopes such as hemispherical resonator gyroscopes (or HRG for “Hemispherical Resonator Gyroscope”) given the desired precision, II is alternatively possible to use another type of gyrometer such as laser gyroscopes or fiber optic gyrometers.
- the first inertial core 10.1, 1100..22, 10.3 is of the linked type (or "strapped-down") and is fixed to a wall P of the submarine S, possibly via a suspension, in such a way that the first marker measurement r10 has its first axis X10 parallel to the lubber line of the submarine S (i.e. the axis X10 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the submarine S), its second axis Y10 perpendicular to the first axis X10 and oriented to starboard, and its third axis Z10 vertical (i.e. the Z10 axis is perpendicular to the floors of the submarine and extends vertically when pitch and roll are impaired) and facing down.
- the first marker measurement r10 has its first axis X10 parallel to the lubber line of the submarine S (i.e. the axis X10 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the submarine S), its second axis Y10 perpendicular to the first axis X10
- the second inertial cco ⁇ uurr 20.1 is integral with a motorized table 30.1 mounted on the wall P to pivot around a single axis R1.
- the second inertial core 20.1 comprises linear sensors 21x, 21y, 21z arranged along the axes X20, Y20, Z20 of a second measurement marker r20 and angular sensors 12x, 12y, 12z arranged to measure the rotations of the mmeessuurree marker r20 relative to an inertial frame.
- the linear sensors and the angular sensors are for example of the aforementioned type.
- the axes X20, Y20 and Z20 of the second inertial core mutually perpendicular with indifferent directions but at least one of which is substantially vertical for greater simplicity.
- the motorized table 30.1 is associated with an electric motor making it possible to control the rotation of the table 30.1 to bring the table 30.1 into at least three angular positions around the axis R1, namely the 0° positions,
- the inertial cores 20.2, 20.3 are identical to the inertial core 20.1 and are mounted on motorized tables 30.2, 30.3 mounted on the wall P to rotate around the axis of rotation R2, R3.
- the axes R1, R2, R3 are inclined by approximately 54° with respect to the vertical of the submarine S (ie the perpendicular to the horizontal plane in the absence of roll and pitch of the submarine) and are at 90° from each other to form an orthogonal trihedron.
- the linear sensors and the angular sensors of the first core 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, and the linear sensors and the angular sensors of the second core 20.1, 20.2, 20.3 are connected, respectively, to an electronic processing circuit 40.1, 40.2, 40.3 (or navigation module) which is programmed to recover the signals coming from the sensors and process them by implementing at least one localization algorithm (more commonly called inertial navigation algorithm) which is arranged to calculate in real time:
- the second position information latitude, longitude, altitude
- speed and attitude heading, roll and pitch angles of the inertial heart
- the electronic processing circuits 40.1, 40.2, 40.3 are each associated with a Kalman filter which observes the difference in position between the two locations coming from the inertial cores 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 and 20.1, 20.2, 20.3 and which integrates in a vector of state the inertial errors of the two inertial cores 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 and 20.1, 20.2, 20.3 and develops a covariance matrix of the latitude and longitude estimation errors.
- This filter also has the known absolute position and/or speed when the submarine is docked (at zero speed) or when the absolute position and absolute speed are provided by another means (for example a satellite positioning system): the absolute position and the absolute speed are grouped together under the name
- the filter permanently observes the position deviation supplied by the two inertial cores as well as the position or speed deviation between the location information supplied by the first inertial core and the external information.
- the two locations are looped back (ie corrected) periodically by the inertial errors estimated by the filter.
- the electronic processing circuits 40.1, 40.2, 40.3 are connected to an electronic location calculation (or control) unit 50 to provide the latter with the first position, speed and attitude information, as well as the covariance matrix of the errors of estimated latitude and longitude.
- an electronic location calculation (or control) unit 50 to provide the latter with the first position, speed and attitude information, as well as the covariance matrix of the errors of estimated latitude and longitude.
- 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, are connected via the electronic processing circuits 40.1, 40.2, 40.3 to the electronic location unit 50 to be controlled by the latter.
- the electronic location calculation unit 50 comprises a computer, such as a processor, and a memory containing a program comprising instructions arranged for the implementation of the method according to the invention.
- the program observes the difference in position between the locations resulting from the inertial units 1.1, 1.2,
- the method of the invention implemented during the execution of the program by the electronic unit 50 comprises an initialization (or calibration) phase and a navigation phase.
- the vehicle is stationary and the electronic unit 50 controls the motor to rotate the tables 30.1, 30.2, 30.3 and the inertial units 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 to collect measurements made by each second inertial heart 20.1 , 20.2, 20.3 in at least two distinct angular positions (here three positions) of the table 30.1, 30.2, 30.3.
- the electronic unit 50 is programmed to collect the measurements of the inertial units 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and compare them to develop the navigation of the submarine S.
- the navigation of the submarine S is based on third position information (latitude, longitude, altitude), speed and attitude (heading, roll and pitch angles of the submarine S).
- third position information latitude, longitude, altitude
- speed and attitude heading, roll and pitch angles of the submarine S.
- CCeess third information on position, speed and attitude of the submarine S is obtained by calculating a weighted average of the first information on position, speed and attitude of the inertial units 1.1, 1.2, 1.3.
- Two weighting coefficients are respectively associated with the first position, speed and attitude information of the inertial units 1.1,
- the first weighting coefficients ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 are equal to 1/3 in nominal operating mode. If one of the inertial units fails or one of the inertial units is judged to be less efficient, it is possible to modify the first weighting coefficients accordingly. For example, if the inertial unit 1.3 is faulty, the first weighting coefficient ⁇ 3 is equal to 0 and the first weighting coefficients ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 are equal to 1 ⁇ 2, which makes it possible to discard the measurements of the faulty inertial unit 1.3.
- the second weighting coefficients are determined as a function of the standard deviation of the errors of each inertial unit 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 concerning the position, speed, attitude information considered. Thus, the second weighting coefficient for the longitude is so that we will have:
- the electronic unit 50 controls the motors of the tables 30.1, 30.2, 30.3 to bring the second inertial cores 20.1, 20.2, 20.3 successively into three angular positions 0°, 120° , -120° (a rotation towards one of these three positions is performed here approximately every hour).
- the gyroscopes chosen have a very stable scale factor: it is therefore no longer necessary to identify the scale factor errors Fi during each dock alignment. There therefore remain three unknowns per equation, thus requiring three different heading values for their identification.
- the initialization phase with the rotation around the Z axis therefore makes it possible to precisely identify the following errors (or combinations of errors) on the dock:
- the inertial unit li precisely measures the heading rotations induced by the table and the need is to vary the heading "sufficiently" to create observability (so that the error projections change significantly from one position to another).
- the method of the invention therefore makes it possible to identify the three gyrometer drifts (within errors of misalignment of axes for Dx and Dy) before departure at sea, which is essential to ensure a precision of location allowing navigation of several days to several weeks without position readjustment.
- the fact that Kxy and Kyx are not dissociable is not penalizing, only the sum of the two errors will impact navigation at sea and this sum will have been identified at the quay.
- the initialization or calibration of the inertial unit l.i is carried out by the Kalman filter of each inertial unit l.i which is arranged to model the inertia (three positions, three speeds, three attitudes) and the errors of the inertial sensors (gyrometers and accelerometers ) of the inertial unit l.i.
- the Kalman filter ensures an observation of the position errors (latitude and longitude) provided by the inertial unit l.i thanks to the knowledge of the position of the submarine S (at dock).
- the state matrix of the Kalman filter has knowledge of the attitude of the inertial unit (heading in particular), which enables it to trace the observable elementary errors (or groups of errors).
- the inertial cores 20.1, 20.2, 20.3 will thus be able to navigate at sea with calibrated errors (the six groups or terms of gyrometer errors and the three accelerometer biases).
- the accuracy of the location will be optimal at the calibration latitude
- North drift [Dx - ⁇ .sin (Lat).Kxz].cos(cap_quai)
- the method of the invention will make it possible to improve the precision of the inertial cores 10.1, 1100..22, 10.3 by using the inertial cores 20.1, 20.2, 20.3 whose precision is much better due to the initialization phase.
- the Kalman filter can go back to the elementary errors of the first inertial heart 10.1, 10.2,
- the hybridization provided by the Kalman filter between the two inertial cores 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 and 20.1, 20.2, 20.3 makes it possible to complete the calibration of the first inertial core 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 whose intrinsic precision will improve while browsing.
- the Kalman filter to be effective, is preferably arranged to include in its error model the errors of the two inertias (position, speed, attitudes) and the errors of the inertial sensors of each of the inertias, as well as the common contributors ( marine currents, gravity anomalies, etc.).
- the first inertial core 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 will approach the level of accuracy of the second inertial core 20.1, 20.2, 20.3.
- the errors increasing: in the long term, the position obtained with the two inertial cores 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 and 20.1,
- the speed and heading developed by the system will also benefit from this hybridization between the two inertial cores 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 and 20.1, 20.2, 20.3.
- the table 30.1, 30.2, 30.3 is pivoted during the navigation phase
- the electronic unit 2 then controls the motor to bring the table 30.1, 30.2,
- the motor is more particularly controlled to perform rotations of the table 30.1, 30.2, 30.3 by +180° and -180° according to the sequence etc. by remaining for a predetermined and constant time in each position (from a few minutes to a few hours). Note that the rotation can also be continuous to move slowly from one position to another, for example at 30° per hour.
- the averaging will be less complete than in the absence of movement but will nevertheless remain quite effective in the long term (this is in all cases more efficient than staying at a constant table angle).
- the second inertial core 20.1, 20.2, 20.3, due to the rotations of the table 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, will therefore maintain a good level of location precision.
- the navigation system comprises as previously: three first inertial cores 10.1, 10.2, 10.3; three second inertial cores 20.1, 20.2, 20.3 each mounted on a motorized table 30.1, 30.2, 30.3; three electronic processing circuits 40.1, 40.2,
- the second embodiment differs from the previous one in that each of the three electronic processing circuits 40.1, 40.2, 40.3 is connected to one of the first inertial cores and to two of the second inertial cores.
- the electronic processing circuit 40.1 is connected to the first inertial core 10.1 and to the second inertial cores 20.1, 20.2 to form the inertial unit 1.1 and provide the first position, speed, attitude information
- the electronic processing circuit 40.2 is connected to the first inertial core 10.2 and to the second inertial cores 20.22,, 20.3 to form the inertial unit 1.2 and supply the first position, speed and attitude information
- the electronic processing circuit 40.3 is connected to the first inertial core 10.3 and to the second inertial cores 20.1, 20.3 to form the inertial unit 1.3 and provide the first position, speed and attitude information.
- each inertial unit uses the measurements of three inertial hearts to generate the third position, speed and attitude information.
- the Kalman filter associated with each electronic processing circuit 40.1, 40.2, 40.3 can observe the differences between the position, speed and attitude information of the two second inertial cores to which it is connected and whose axes of rotation are orthogonal one to another. This orthogonality of the axes of rotation is advantageous because it makes the errors of each of these two inertial cores more observable.
- the longitude error of the second inertial core 20.1 will evolve like the integral of the gyrometric drift which is along this axis.
- the axis of rotation R2 will be in the equatorial plane and will undergo a slight change in the longitude error because the polar drift will be averaged.
- the Kalman filter being informed of these characteristics, it will be able to attribute the evolution of the difference in longitude between the two locations to the second inertial core 20.1 and will thus be able to identify the drift of the second inertial core 20.1 oriented along the axis of rotation R1 and compensate it for the rest of the navigation.
- This principle is generally applicable, whatever the orientations of the axes with respect to the
- the Kalman filter can thus estimate over the navigation (and therefore over the changes of heading and latitude, which will modify the projections of the drifts in the geographical reference) the non-averaged residual drifts of the second inertial cores 20.1, 20.22 to orthogonal axes of rotation, and improve the location accuracy of the inertial unit 1.1.
- the navigation system comprises as previously: three first inertial cores 10.1, 10.2, 10.3; three second inertial cores 20.1, 20.2, 20.3 each mounted on a motorized table 30.1, 30.2, 30.3; an electronic location unit 50.
- the first three inertial cores 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 and the three second inertial cores 20.1, 20.2, 20.3 are connected to the electronic location unit 50 which comprises an electronic processing circuit implementing implements a Kalman filter receiving as input the position, speed and attitude data of each of the six inertial cores to encompass the errors of these six cores.
- This embodiment is very precise but greedy in computing resources.
- the navigation system comprises as previously: first three inertial cores; three second inertial cores each mounted on a motorized table; three electronic processing circuits; an electronic location unit connected to the three electronic processing circuits.
- the fourth embodiment differs from the previous one in that the axes of rotation R1, R2, R3 are in the horizontal plane, which is favorable to the precision of the measurements but prevents carrying out a precise initialization phase on the dock.
- At least one of the second inertial cores can be mounted on a table having two axes of rotation, one of which is substantially vertical.
- the navigation system comprises only: two first inertial cores; two second inertial cores each mounted on a motorized table; two electronic processing circuits; an electronic location unit connected to the two electronic processing circuits.
- the navigation system may have a structure different from that described.
- the electronic navigation unit can comprise a calculation means other than a processor.
- the electronic navigation unit may include a microcontroller or reconfigurable circuit of the FPGA type.
- the electronic navigation unit can comprise remote navigation modules or, on the contrary, integrated into the same box.
- Kalman's algorithm can include a single filter or multiple filters.
- inertial core is meant any inertial measurement device comprising linear sensors and angular sensors arranged to perform measurements along three mutually orthogonal axes of a measurement reference.
- the inertial core can include multi-axis sensors and/or single-axis sensors, and can also include more than three linear sensors and/or more than three angular sensors.
- the directions of the axes of the marks r10, r20 are indifferent and can be modified.
- the number of inertial units, the number of first inertial cores and the number of second inertial cores can be different and for example greater than three.
- Several sequences are possible, with and without limitation of the number of turns relative to the wearer. If the number of turns is limited, for example by authorizing the range from - 180° to +180°, this makes it possible to avoid the use of slip rings, which are expensive and sometimes unreliable, but on the contrary this does not allow to average the errors in the geographical reference, because of the heading movements of the wearer.
- an averaging cycle consists for example of linking the following angular positions: 0° -> +180° -> 0° -> -180° 0°...
- the angular positions can be separated by 120° (equi-distributed over one turn) or not for dockside calibration.
- the table can also be driven to have less or more than three positions.
- error terms bias + settings
- the table can be controlled to have more than two positions in the navigation phase.
- Any mechanical means can be used to block the table in rotation during navigation if the vehicle is expected to undergo significant shocks between two rotations.
- the invention can also be carried out without any means of locking the table in rotation.
- the inertial core carried by the table can be connected to the electronic control unit by cables or flexible layers, or by slip rings.
- a Kalman filter receiving the information from only part of the first inertial cores and the information from all the second inertial cores.
- the invention is applicable to other types of ships
- GNSS denied for example, that is to say in a context of war where navigation systems by satellites are jammed or tricked.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2022383486A AU2022383486B2 (en) | 2021-11-04 | 2022-11-03 | Navigation system with pivoting inertial measurement units |
US18/706,653 US20250052579A1 (en) | 2021-11-04 | 2022-11-03 | Navigation system with pivoting inertial measurement units |
EP22812616.5A EP4426998A1 (fr) | 2021-11-04 | 2022-11-03 | Systeme de navigation a coeurs inertiels pivotants |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2111692A FR3128780B1 (fr) | 2021-11-04 | 2021-11-04 | Système de navigation à cœurs inertiels pivotants |
FR2111692 | 2021-11-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023078987A1 true WO2023078987A1 (fr) | 2023-05-11 |
Family
ID=81927570
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2022/080660 WO2023078987A1 (fr) | 2021-11-04 | 2022-11-03 | Systeme de navigation a coeurs inertiels pivotants |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20250052579A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4426998A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2022383486B2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3128780B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2023078987A1 (fr) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2826447A1 (fr) | 2001-06-26 | 2002-12-27 | Sagem | Procede et dispositif de navigation inertielle hybride |
EP3617656A1 (fr) | 2018-08-24 | 2020-03-04 | Atlantic Inertial Systems Limited | Système de navigation à inertie |
CN112697143A (zh) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-04-23 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | 高精度载体动态姿态测量方法及系统 |
-
2021
- 2021-11-04 FR FR2111692A patent/FR3128780B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-11-03 AU AU2022383486A patent/AU2022383486B2/en active Active
- 2022-11-03 US US18/706,653 patent/US20250052579A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-03 WO PCT/EP2022/080660 patent/WO2023078987A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2022-11-03 EP EP22812616.5A patent/EP4426998A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2826447A1 (fr) | 2001-06-26 | 2002-12-27 | Sagem | Procede et dispositif de navigation inertielle hybride |
EP3617656A1 (fr) | 2018-08-24 | 2020-03-04 | Atlantic Inertial Systems Limited | Système de navigation à inertie |
CN112697143A (zh) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-04-23 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | 高精度载体动态姿态测量方法及系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2022383486A1 (en) | 2024-05-16 |
EP4426998A1 (fr) | 2024-09-11 |
AU2022383486B2 (en) | 2024-10-24 |
US20250052579A1 (en) | 2025-02-13 |
FR3128780B1 (fr) | 2024-03-22 |
FR3128780A1 (fr) | 2023-05-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110031882B (zh) | 一种基于sins/dvl组合导航系统的外量测信息补偿方法 | |
EP1407214B1 (fr) | Dispositif, et procede associe, apte a determiner la direction d'une cible | |
EP2048475B1 (fr) | Procédé de détermination de l'attitude, de la position et de la vitesse d'un engin mobile | |
Rogne et al. | On the usage of low-cost mems sensors, strapdown inertial navigation, and nonlinear estimation techniques in dynamic positioning | |
EP1552246A2 (fr) | Procede et systeme permettant de traiter des signaux d'impulsion dans un systeme de navigation inertiel | |
CN105352527B (zh) | 一种基于双轴转位机构光纤陀螺标定方法 | |
EP3384241A1 (fr) | Systeme de navigation inertielle a precision amelioree | |
BE1023739B1 (fr) | Observatoire magnétique autonome et auto-calibré | |
EP0484202A1 (fr) | Système pour l'alignement de la centrale inertielle d'un véhicule porté sur celle d'un véhicule porteur | |
CN105737812B (zh) | 一种单轴激光寻北仪的多位置自寻北方法 | |
FR2953588A1 (fr) | Procede de determination d'un cap par rotation d'un dispositif inertiel | |
CN110986934A (zh) | 一体化双轴旋转惯导天文组合导航系统的导航方法及系统 | |
US8725415B2 (en) | Method and device for long-duration navigation | |
WO2023078987A1 (fr) | Systeme de navigation a coeurs inertiels pivotants | |
EP2410293B1 (fr) | Procédé et système d'harmonisation d'un référentiel d'un positionneur angulaire par rapport à un référentiel terrestre | |
JP2001141507A (ja) | 慣性航法装置 | |
FR2965345A1 (fr) | Centrale inertielle a gyroscopes orientables et procede de mesure angulaire | |
RU2308004C1 (ru) | Способ ориентации полярного электростатического гироскопа корабельной навигационной системы | |
FR3094479A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procédé de détermination d’attitude d’un satellite équipé d’actionneurs gyroscopiques, et satellite embarquant un tel dispositif | |
Marland | The NATO ships inertial navigation system (SINS) | |
CH632591A5 (en) | Navigation device for a surface vehicle | |
WO2024074473A1 (fr) | Procédé de navigation collaborative pour des véhicules disposant de solutions de navigation de précisions différentes | |
WO2023083879A1 (fr) | Procede de navigation hybride inertielle/stellaire a indicateur de performance d'harmonisation | |
Schmidt | Similarities between classical celestial navigation and electrostatic gyro navigation | |
Ali | Astronavigation system as an autonomous enhancement suite for a strapdown inertial navigation system: An evaluation |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22812616 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 18706653 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: AU2022383486 Country of ref document: AU |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2022383486 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20221103 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202447041644 Country of ref document: IN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2022812616 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2022812616 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20240604 |