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WO2023029697A1 - 起重机及其钢丝绳预紧装置、方法、电子设备、存储介质 - Google Patents

起重机及其钢丝绳预紧装置、方法、电子设备、存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023029697A1
WO2023029697A1 PCT/CN2022/101585 CN2022101585W WO2023029697A1 WO 2023029697 A1 WO2023029697 A1 WO 2023029697A1 CN 2022101585 W CN2022101585 W CN 2022101585W WO 2023029697 A1 WO2023029697 A1 WO 2023029697A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wire rope
steel wire
pretensioning
pulley assembly
crane
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/101585
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈坚强
秦绪起
刘涛
Original Assignee
浙江三一装备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江三一装备有限公司 filed Critical 浙江三一装备有限公司
Publication of WO2023029697A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023029697A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/12—Driving gear incorporating electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/06—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/16—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs supported by columns, e.g. towers having their lower end mounted for slewing movements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/66—Outer or upper end constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/26—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans having several drums or barrels

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of hoisting equipment, in particular to a crane and its wire rope pretensioning device, method, electronic equipment, and storage medium.
  • the steel wire rope is pre-tightened by pre-tightening the pulling hook, and then the heavy object is hoisted. Because one end of the hoisting winch is connected to the hook through the pulley block, that is, there is a problem of lifting ratio of the wire rope, and tens of times the tension needs to be applied to the hook to achieve the pre-tightening effect of the wire rope, which consumes a lot of energy and There are potential safety hazards that affect the hoisting efficiency.
  • This application provides a steel wire rope pretensioning device for a crane, its pretensioning method, and a crane, which are used to solve the defect that the steel wire rope cannot be effectively pretensioned in the prior art, realize effective pretensioning of the steel wire rope, and ensure the safety of hoisting operations sex and efficiency.
  • the present application provides a steel wire rope pretensioning device for a crane, which includes a lifting mechanism and a steel wire rope.
  • One end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the outside of the lifting mechanism, and is sequentially wound on the outside of the lifting mechanism to form a winding layer.
  • the other end of the steel wire rope forms a free end, and also includes:
  • Arm head pulley assembly installed on the top of the boom of the crane
  • the hook pulley assembly is connected with the arm head pulley assembly through the wire rope;
  • the pre-tensioning mechanism is fixedly connected to the free end of the steel wire rope passing through the arm head pulley assembly and the hook pulley assembly, and the steel wire ropes can be arranged in sequence on the outside of the pre-tensioning mechanism ;
  • the holding part can hold the hook pulley assembly relative to the ground, and is used to prevent the hook pulley assembly from moving relative to the ground during the pre-tightening process.
  • a wire rope pretensioning device for a crane provided according to the present application also includes:
  • a guide pulley assembly installed on the jib head of the jib of the crane, for changing the direction of the wire rope;
  • the guide pulley assembly is located between the arm head pulley assembly and the lifting mechanism;
  • the free end of the wire rope can be guided to the arm head pulley assembly through the side groove of the guide pulley in the guide pulley assembly.
  • a wire rope pretensioning device for a crane provided according to the present application also includes:
  • the hook is connected with the hook assembly and can rotate relative to the hook assembly.
  • the pretensioning mechanism is arranged on the crane.
  • the application also provides a pretensioning method of a steel wire rope pretensioning device for a crane, comprising the following steps:
  • a pretensioning method of a steel wire rope pretensioning device for a crane provided by the present application, when the pretensioning mechanism takes up the steel wire rope, the pulling force exerted by the holding member on the hook pulley assembly is greater than the pretensioning force of the hook pulley assembly.
  • the pulling force exerted by the holding member on the hook pulley assembly is greater than the pulling force exerted on the steel wire rope by the lifting mechanism.
  • step S1 the lifting mechanism actively rotates, and the steel wire rope is sent and released in cooperation with the rotation of the pretensioning mechanism, so as to reduce the tension of the lifting mechanism. Friction between layers, circles and circles of the outer side of the steel wire rope;
  • step S1 when the pretensioning mechanism is rotated, the lifting mechanism is driven to rotate, so that the lifting mechanism can send and release the steel wire rope.
  • the present application also provides a crane, including the above-mentioned wire rope pretensioning device for the crane.
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor. The steps of the pretensioning method of the pretensioning device.
  • the present application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned pretensioning method of the steel wire rope pretensioning device for a crane are realized.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the steel wire rope pretensioning device that the application provides;
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the crane that the application provides
  • Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the pretensioning method of the steel wire rope pretensioning device provided by the application;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device provided by the present application.
  • 100 wire rope
  • 200 hoisting mechanism
  • 210 second reel
  • 500 pre-tensioning mechanism
  • 510 the first roll unwinding tube
  • 610 upper rotary body
  • 820 communication interface
  • 830 memory
  • 840 communication bus.
  • connection and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, Or integrated connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, Or integrated connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary.
  • the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first feature and the second feature may pass through the middle of the second feature.
  • Media indirect contact Moreover, “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “beneath” the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.
  • a kind of wire rope pretensioning device for a crane of the present application is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
  • a truss type crawler crane as an example, it can also be a telescopic boom type crawler crane, which specifically includes an upper slewing body 610, and the bottom end of the upper slewing body 610 rotates A lower gyratory body is connected, and the lower gyratory body can drive the crane to move.
  • the pin shaft on the top side of the upper gyratory body 610 is connected with a jib 620 , and the jib arm 620 can move the upper gyratory body 610 to pitch.
  • a free end of the wire rope 100 wound outside the lifting mechanism 200 passes through the top of the boom 610 , passes through the pulley assembly, and is fixedly connected with the pretensioning mechanism 500 .
  • the steel wire rope 100 here can also pass through the top of the jib connected to the jib 620 , and then pass through the pulley assembly to connect with the pretensioning mechanism 500 .
  • the hook 400 is connected under the hook pulley block 321 in the pulley assembly.
  • the hook 400 is connected to the object to be hoisted 700 through a sling.
  • a kind of wire rope pretensioning device for crane of the present application is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, comprise steel wire rope 100, hoisting mechanism 200, pulley assembly, pretensioning mechanism 500 and hook 400, the first end of hoisting mechanism 200 and wire rope 100 connected to output the pulling force, the pre-tightening mechanism 500 is connected to the second end of the steel wire rope 100 to output the pre-tightening force, wherein the second end of the steel wire rope 100 bypasses the pulley assembly, and the hook 400 is connected to the pre-tightening mechanism 500 .
  • the hoisting mechanism 200 is fixedly connected to the first end of the wire rope 100, and the wire rope 100 is rewound to realize the output of hoisting force on the wire rope 100, thereby realizing the lifting of the weight 700, and then the wire rope 100 is released through the hoisting mechanism 200. , to realize the dropping operation of the weight 700.
  • the pre-tightening mechanism 500 is connected with the second end of the steel wire rope 100, cooperates with the hoisting mechanism 200 to retract and release the steel wire rope 100, and realizes the pre-tightening of the steel wire rope 100, so that the hoisting mechanism 200 can lift and drop the heavy object 700 ,
  • the steel wire rope 100 is always in a tensioned state, preventing the phenomenon of disordered rope or tight winding.
  • the pulley assembly is used to increase the hoisting force magnification of the steel wire rope 100, that is to say, the second end of the steel wire rope 100 is passed around the pulley assembly and then connected to the pretensioning mechanism 500. It is worth noting that in the lifting mechanism 200 pair During hoisting or lowering of the weight 700 , the pretension mechanism 500 fixes the second end of the wire rope 100 , and only the lifting mechanism 200 winds up or unwinds the first end of the wire rope 100 accordingly.
  • the hook 400 is connected with the pulley assembly, connected with the heavy object 700 through a sling, and lifts together with the heavy object 700.
  • the hook 400 cooperates with the sling to ensure the stability of the heavy object 700 during lifting and lowering. prevent shedding.
  • the first end of the steel wire rope 100 is fixedly connected to the lifting mechanism 200, and the lifting mechanism 200 can retract and unwind the steel wire rope 100, and the second end of the steel wire rope 100 is passed around the pulley assembly to increase the lifting force output by the lifting mechanism 200 to
  • the second end of the wire rope 100 is fixedly connected to the pretension mechanism 500, and the pretension mechanism 500 can also wind up and unwind the part of the wire rope 100 passing through the pulley assembly.
  • the appropriate multiple refers to setting the ratio between the output force of the lifting mechanism 200 and the weight of the weight 700 itself, and then setting the threading manner of the pulley assembly and the wire rope 100 .
  • the pretensioning method is that the lifting mechanism 200 releases the steel wire rope 100, and all the pretensioning sections of the end of the steel wire rope 100 close to the pretensioning mechanism are released, the hook 400 can be hooked with the weight 700, and the function of the holding part is during the pretensioning process. Prevent the hook pulley assembly from moving up and down relative to the ground, thereby affecting the preload process. That is, during the pretensioning process of the wire rope 100, a pulling force can be applied to the hook pulley assembly or the wire rope.
  • the weight 700 is used as an example for the holding part.
  • the pretension mechanism 500 retracts the steel wire rope 100, so that all the pretension sections of the steel wire rope 100 are retracted to the pretension mechanism 500;
  • the lifting mechanism 200 retracts the first end of the wire rope 100 , and the pretension mechanism 500 provides a reverse pretension force to the second end of the wire rope 100 .
  • the weight 700 is used as an example to hold the component. Since the hook 400 is hooked on the weight 700 , the weight of the weight 700 is far greater than the pre-tightening force, and the weight 700 will not lift off the ground. That is to say, through the release of the lifting mechanism 200 and the retraction of the pretension mechanism 500, the hook connection between the heavy object 700 and the hook 400 is realized; Preload.
  • the pulley assembly specifically includes the arm head pulley assembly 310, the hook pulley assembly 320 and the guide pulley assembly 330, wherein the arm head pulley assembly 310 is installed on the top of the boom 620 of the crane; the hook pulley assembly 320 and the The jib head pulley assembly 310 is connected by the wire rope 100; the guide pulley assembly 330 is installed on the jib head of the jib 620 of the crane, and is used to change the direction of the wire rope 100 to realize the guiding function.
  • the pretensioning mechanism 500 includes a pretensioning motor, the output end of the pretensioning motor is provided with a first reel 510, and the second end of the wire rope 100 is wound on the first reel Put the cylinder 510 on. It can be understood that the pretension mechanism 500 specifically includes a pretension motor, which is used to provide output power for winding and unwinding the second end of the wire rope 100 .
  • the output end of the pre-tightening motor is provided with a first unwinding drum 510 , the first unwinding drum 510 rotates synchronously with the output end of the pre-tightening motor, and the second end of the wire rope 100 is fixedly connected to the first unwinding drum 510 .
  • the output end of the pre-tightening motor drives the first reel 510 to rotate forward, the second end of the wire rope 100 is wound up on the first reel 510, so that the wire rope 100 is wound on the first reel 510;
  • the output end of the pre-tightening motor drives the first unwinding drum 510 to reverse, the steel wire rope 100 wound on the first unwinding drum 510 is realized to be unwound.
  • preload motor can choose a reducer or a variable frequency motor.
  • a motor may also be used to provide power to the first reel 510 .
  • the forward rotation of the pretension motor can also be set as the delivery of the wire rope 100, and the reverse rotation can be set as the winding of the steel wire rope 100, which can be set according to the actual situation.
  • the hoisting mechanism 200 includes a hoisting motor, the output end of the hoisting motor is provided with a second unwinding drum 210, and the first end of the wire rope 100 is wound around the second unwinding drum 210 superior. It can be understood that the hoisting mechanism 200 specifically includes a hoisting motor, which is used to provide output power for winding and unwinding the first end of the wire rope 100 , that is, to provide hoisting force for lifting the weight 700 .
  • the output end of the hoisting motor is provided with a second unwinding cylinder 210 , the second unwinding cylinder 210 rotates synchronously with the output end of the hoisting motor, and the first end of the wire rope 100 is fixedly connected to the second unwinding cylinder 210 .
  • the output end of the lifting motor drives the second reel 210 to rotate forward, the first end of the wire rope 100 is wound up on the second reel 210, so that the wire rope 100 is wound on the second reel 210;
  • the output end of the motor drives the second unwinding drum 210 to reverse, the steel wire rope 100 wound on the second unwinding drum 210 is realized to be unwound.
  • the hoisting motor can choose a reducer or a variable frequency motor.
  • the forward rotation of the hoisting motor can also be set to broadcast the steel wire rope 100
  • the reverse rotation can be set to retract the steel wire rope 100 , which can be set according to actual conditions.
  • the pulley assembly includes a plurality of arm pulleys 311 and a plurality of hook pulleys 321, and the second end of the wire rope 100 is between the arm pulleys 311 and the hook pulleys 321 in sequence.
  • the pulley assembly includes a jib pulley assembly 310 and a hook pulley assembly 320 , wherein the jib pulley assembly 310 includes a plurality of jib pulleys 311 , and the hook pulley assembly 320 includes a plurality of hook pulleys 321 .
  • the second end of the wire rope 100 is wound and connected with the jib head pulley 311 and the hook pulley 321 in turn, so as to achieve several times the lifting force output by the hoisting mechanism 200 on the wire rope 100 .
  • the second end of the wire rope 100 first goes around the first arm pulley 311, then winds around the first hook pulley 321, then wraps around the second arm pulley 311, and then winds around the second hook pulley 321.
  • the hook pulley 321 is then wound around the third arm pulley 311, and so on, until the second end of the wire rope 100 is wound around the last hook pulley 321, and then wound around the last arm pulley 311, finally with the pretension
  • the mechanism 500 is fixedly connected.
  • the hook pulley assembly 320 is fixedly connected with the hook 400, the hoisting mechanism 200 retracts the wire rope 100, and the hook pulley assembly 320 is driven by the wire rope 100 to drive the hook 400 and hang on the hook 400.
  • the weight of the 700 lift is not worth noting that the hook pulley assembly 320 is fixedly connected with the hook 400, the hoisting mechanism 200 retracts the wire rope 100, and the hook pulley assembly 320 is driven by the wire rope 100 to drive the hook 400 and hang on the hook 400. The weight of the 700 lift.
  • a plurality of arm head pulleys 311 are rotatably sleeved on the first fixed shaft 312, and a plurality of hook pulleys 321 are rotatably sleeved on the second fixed shaft 322
  • the first fixed shaft 312 is arranged parallel to the second fixed shaft 322 .
  • the arm head pulley assembly 310 also includes a first fixed shaft 312, and a plurality of arm head pulleys 311 can be independently rotated relative to the first fixed shaft 312 and sleeved on the first fixed shaft 312, and the arm head pulley 311 without interfering with each other.
  • the hook pulley assembly 320 also includes a second fixed shaft 322.
  • a plurality of hook pulleys 321 can be independently rotated relative to the second fixed shaft 322 and are sleeved on the second fixed shaft 322.
  • the hook pulleys 321 do not interfere with each other.
  • the first fixed shaft 312 and the second fixed shaft 322 are arranged in parallel, a plurality of arm head pulleys 311 are arranged along the axial direction of the first fixed shaft 312 , and a plurality of hook pulleys 321 are arranged along the axial direction of the second fixed shaft 322 .
  • the number of arm head pulleys 311 is one more than the number of hook pulleys 321 . That is to say, the second end of the wire rope 100 is initially wound around the arm pulley 311 , and finally wound around the arm pulley 311 .
  • the pulley assembly further includes a plurality of guide pulleys 331, and the guide pulleys 331 are adapted to guide the wire rope 100 to guide the second end of the wire rope 100 to the arm head pulley 311 and Preload mechanism 500.
  • the pulley assembly also includes a guide pulley assembly 330
  • the guide pulley assembly 330 includes a plurality of guide pulleys 331
  • the wire rope 100 is wound on the guide pulleys 331, and is guided and adapted to guide the second end of the wire rope 100 to the arm The head pulley 311, and finally guide the second end of the wire rope 100 to the first unwinding cylinder 510 of the pretensioning mechanism 500.
  • At least two guide pulleys 331 are provided, and the second end of the wire rope 100 first passes through the first guide pulley 331 to guide the second end of the wire rope 100 to the first arm pulley 311; The second end of the steel wire rope 100 behind the pulley 311 is guided to the first winding drum 510 through the second guide pulley 331 .
  • a plurality of guide pulleys 331 are rotatably sleeved on a third fixed shaft 332 , and the third fixed shaft 332 is arranged parallel to the first fixed shaft 312 .
  • the guide pulley assembly 330 also includes a third fixed shaft 332, and a plurality of guide pulleys 331 are sleeved on the third fixed shaft 332, which can rotate independently relative to the third fixed shaft 332, so as to ensure the guiding of each guide pulley 331. effect.
  • the third fixed shaft 332 is arranged parallel to the first fixed shaft 312 and the second fixed shaft 322 , that is to say, the winding of the steel wire rope 100 is always in a straight line state without winding disorder.
  • the hook 400 includes a hoisting ring 410 and a hook 420 , the hoisting ring 410 is connected to the pulley assembly, and the installation end of the hook 420 is rotatably passed through the hoisting ring 410 .
  • the hook 400 includes a ring 410 and a hook 420 , the ring 410 is fixedly connected to the hook pulley assembly 320 , the installation end of the hook 420 , that is, the upper end, is passed through the ring 410 and can rotate freely relative to the ring 410 .
  • the hook end of the hook 420 that is, the lower end, is used for hooking the weight 700 .
  • the hook pulley assembly 320 also includes a second mounting seat, the two ends of the second fixed shaft 322 are respectively mounted on two opposite side walls of the second mounting seat, and the lifting ring 410 is horizontally mounted on the bottom side of the second mounting seat. And relatively fixed with the second mount.
  • the installation end of suspension hook 400 is provided with chuck, and the diameter of chuck is larger than the outer diameter of snap ring, effectively prevents the upper end of suspension hook 400 from falling off.
  • the suspension hook 400 includes a vertical rod inserted through the suspension ring 410 , the diameter of the vertical rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the suspension ring 410 , so that the vertical rod can rotate freely in the suspension ring 410 .
  • the chuck is arranged on the upper end of the vertical bar, and the lower end of the vertical bar is provided with a hook structure to realize the hooking of the heavy object 700 . That is to say, through the rotation fit of the hook 400 and the ring 410 , the hooking angle of the hook 400 can be adjusted to adapt to the weights 700 placed differently.
  • the application also provides a pretensioning method of a steel wire rope pretensioning device for a crane, comprising the following steps:
  • the pretensioning mechanism 500 retracts the steel wire rope 100, the pulling force exerted by the holding part on the hook pulley assembly 320 is greater than that produced by the pretensioning mechanism 500 on the wire rope 100 braking force;
  • the pulling force exerted by the holding part on the hook pulley assembly 320 is greater than the pulling force exerted by the hoisting mechanism 200 on the wire rope 100 .
  • step S1 the hoisting mechanism 200 actively rotates, and cooperates with the pretensioning mechanism 500 to rotate and release the wire rope 100 to reduce the wire rope on the outside of the hoisting mechanism 200.
  • step S1 the pretensioning mechanism 500 is rotated to drive the lifting mechanism 200 to rotate, so that the lifting mechanism 200 sends and releases the steel wire rope 100 .
  • the first end of the steel wire rope 100 is fixedly connected to the second winding drum 210, the second end of the steel wire rope 100 is wound with the first guide pulley 331, and guided to the arm head pulley 311, and the second end of the steel wire rope 100 is wound successively.
  • Set the arm head pulley 311 and the hook pulley 321 to turn the output force of the lifting motor to the required multiple to meet the lifting force requirements, and the second guide pulley 331 guides the second end of the wire rope 100 to the first roll.
  • Tube 510 and fixedly connected with the first winding tube 510;
  • power is not provided to the second reel 210, and the first reel 510 rotates to drive the second reel 210 to rotate until the first reel 510 is rewound to complete the pretension section of the wire rope 100 . That is, power may be actively provided to the second unwinding cylinder 210 , or power may not be provided to the second unwinding cylinder 210 . Actively supplying power to the second unwinding drum 210 can reduce wear between the steel wire ropes 100 wound on the second unwinding drum 210 .
  • the hook 420 has enough steel wire rope 100 surplus to hook the weight 700, and the hook 420 is hooked and connected with the weight 700;
  • the hoisting motor rotate forward, and drive the second unwinding drum 210 to rotate, so as to realize the winding up of the wire rope 100.
  • the pre-tension motor is turned off, and a reverse pre-tightening force is applied to the second unwinding drum 210.
  • the lifting force provided by the lifting motor is greater than the reverse pre-tightening force, so that the second unwinding drum 210 can realize the winding up of the steel wire rope 100 .
  • the lifting force tends to be equal to the reverse pretension force, so that the second unwinding drum 210 winds up the steel wire rope 100 at a constant speed at a constant speed.
  • the load 700 Since the weight of the weight 700 is far greater than the preload of the preload motor, the load 700 will not lift off the ground.
  • the lifting force output by the lifting motor is equal to the reverse preload output by the preload motor, without considering the friction Next, the steel wire rope 100 will be wound on the second reel 210 at a constant speed, and the steel wire rope 100 is in a pre-tensioned state.
  • the present application also provides a crane, including an upper slewing body 610, a jib 620 and the above-mentioned wire rope pretensioning device for the crane, the lifting mechanism 200 is arranged on the upper slewing body 610, and the pretensioning mechanism 500 is arranged on the installation end of the boom 620 , the installation end of the boom 620 is installed on the upper slewing body 610 , and the pulley assembly is arranged on the arm head of the boom 620 .
  • the upper slewing body 610 is used to install the boom 620 as a stable support base. Both the boom 620 and the hoisting motor are installed on the upper slewing body 610 .
  • the preload motor is installed on one side of the boom 620 and is close to the installation end of the boom 620 .
  • Both the guide pulley assembly 330 and the arm head pulley assembly 310 are installed on the telescopic end of the boom 620, specifically, the guide pulley assembly 330 is installed on the first side of the telescopic end of the boom 620 close to the upper slewing body 610, and the arm head pulley assembly
  • the member 310 is installed opposite to the guide pulley assembly 330 , that is, it is installed on the second side of the jib head of the boom 620 away from the upper slewing body 610 .
  • first side of the arm head of the boom is provided with a third mount, and the two ends of the third fixed shaft 332 are respectively mounted on two opposite side walls of the third mount, so that the third fixed shaft 332 stable installation.
  • the second side of the telescopic end of the telescopic arm is provided with a first mounting seat, and the two ends of the first fixed shaft 312 are respectively mounted on opposite side walls of the first mounting seat, so as to ensure the stable installation of the first fixed shaft 312 .
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including a memory 830, a processor 810, and a computer program stored on the memory 830 and operable on the processor 810.
  • the processor 810 executes the program, the above-mentioned Steps of a pretensioning method for a steel wire rope pretensioning device for a crane.
  • the electronic device may include: a processor 810 , a communication interface 820 , a memory 830 and a communication bus 840 , wherein the processor 810 , the communication interface 820 and the memory 830 complete mutual communication through the communication bus 840 .
  • the processor 810 can call the logic instructions in the memory 830 to execute the pretensioning method of the steel wire rope pretensioning device for the crane.
  • the above logic instructions in the memory 830 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and when sold or used as an independent product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disc, etc., which can store program codes. .
  • the present application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored.
  • the computer program is executed by the processor 810, the steps of the above-mentioned pretensioning method of the steel wire rope pretensioning device for a crane are realized.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in One place, or it can be distributed to multiple network elements. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. It can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts.
  • each implementation can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course also by hardware.
  • the essence of the above technical solution or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of software products, and the computer software products can be stored in computer-readable storage media, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic discs, optical discs, etc., including several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
  • the crane and its steel wire rope pretensioning device, method, electronic equipment, and storage medium provided by the present application include a lifting mechanism and a steel wire rope, one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the outside of the lifting mechanism, and is wound around the lifting mechanism in sequence
  • the outer side of the wire rope forms a winding layer
  • the other end of the wire rope forms a free end
  • an arm head pulley assembly installed on the top of the boom of the crane
  • a hook pulley assembly and the arm head pulley assembly through the The wire rope is connected
  • the pre-tightening mechanism is fixedly connected with the free end of the steel wire rope passing through the arm head pulley assembly and the hook pulley assembly, and the steel wire ropes can be arranged in sequence in the pre-tightening
  • the outer side of the mechanism; the holding part can hold the hook pulley assembly relative to the ground, so as to prevent the hook pulley assembly from moving relative to the ground during the pre-tightening process.

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  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供的起重机及其钢丝绳预紧装置、方法、电子设备、存储介质。该起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置包括提升机构和钢丝绳，还包括臂头滑轮组件，安装在起重机的起重臂顶端；吊钩滑轮组件，与臂头滑轮组件通过钢丝绳连接；预紧机构，与穿设过臂头滑轮组件、吊钩滑轮组件后的钢丝绳的自由端固定连接，且钢丝绳可被依次按序排列在预紧机构的外侧；保持部件，可相对地面保持吊钩滑轮组件。本申请通过预紧机构和提升机构对钢丝绳的两端的卷收和放送配合调整，实现对钢丝绳在钩挂重物后，吊起重物之前，完成预紧，保证提升机构对钢丝绳进行卷收和放送时，钢丝绳处于张紧状态，不会出现乱绳现象，同时，节约能耗。

Description

起重机及其钢丝绳预紧装置、方法、电子设备、存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年8月30日提交的申请号为202111007415.8，发明名称为“起重机及其钢丝绳预紧装置、方法、电子设备、存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其通过引用方式全部并入本文。
技术领域
本申请涉及吊装设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种起重机及其钢丝绳预紧装置、方法、电子设备、存储介质。
背景技术
大型履带式起吊设备在作业时，特殊情况需将重物从高处往下吊装，或者将重物从地面往井底吊装，重物吊下后须收回吊钩进行下步作业，但在的起升过程中因吊钩重量较轻，卷扬的钢丝绳预紧力达不到要求，容易乱绳，且导致缠绳不紧，再次重复将重物下放，会在重物下降的过程中钢丝绳就容易产生陷绳现象，这种现象严重时可能导致钢丝绳磨损，甚至无法作业。
现有方案先通过预紧拉拽吊钩，对钢丝绳进行预紧，然后吊装重物。由于起升卷扬伸出的一端，经过滑轮组与吊钩连接，即钢丝绳的存在起吊倍率问题，需要在吊钩处施加数十倍的拉力，才能达到钢丝绳的预紧效果，耗能严重，且存在安全隐患，影响吊装效率。
发明内容
本申请提供一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置及其预紧方法、起重机，用以解决现有技术中无法对钢丝绳进行有效预紧的缺陷，实现对钢丝绳提供有效预紧力，保证吊装作业的安全性和效率。
本申请提供一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，包括提升机构和钢丝绳，所述钢丝绳一端固定连接在所述提升机构的外侧，并依次按序缠绕在所述提升机构的外侧，形成缠绕圈层，所述钢丝绳的另一端形成自由端，还包 括：
臂头滑轮组件，安装在起重机的起重臂顶端；
吊钩滑轮组件，与所述臂头滑轮组件通过所述钢丝绳连接；
预紧机构，与穿设过所述臂头滑轮组件、所述吊钩滑轮组件后的所述钢丝绳的自由端固定连接，且所述钢丝绳可被依次按序排列在所述预紧机构的外侧；
保持部件，可相对地面保持所述吊钩滑轮组件，用以在预紧过程，防止所述吊钩滑轮组件相对地面发生移动。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，还包括：
导向滑轮组件，安装在所述起重机的起重臂的臂头，用于改变所述钢丝绳的方向；
在水平方向，所述导向滑轮组件位于所述臂头滑轮组件与所述提升机构之间；
所述钢丝绳的自由端可通过所述导向滑轮组件中导向滑轮的侧面凹槽导向至所述臂头滑轮组件。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，还包括：
挂接组件，与所述吊钩滑轮组件连接；
挂钩，与所述挂接组件连接，并可相对所述挂接组件转动。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，所述预紧机构被设置在所述起重机上。
本申请还提供一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法，包括如下步骤：
S1：通过所述预紧机构卷收所述钢丝绳，所述钢丝绳的预紧段被所述预紧机构完全卷收，所述预紧机构停止作业；
S2：通过所述提升机构卷收所述钢丝绳，在所述提升机构卷收所述钢丝绳时，所述预紧机构对所述钢丝绳的自由端产生制动力，对所述钢丝绳形成反向预紧力，实现对所述提升机构的外侧所述钢丝绳的预紧。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法，在所述预紧机构卷收所述钢丝绳时，所述保持部件施加在所述吊钩滑轮组件上的拉力大于所述预紧机构对钢所述丝绳产生的制动力；
在所述提升机构卷收所述钢丝绳时，所述保持部件施加在所述吊钩滑轮组件上的拉力大于所述提升机构施加在所述钢丝绳上的拉力。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法，在步骤S1中，所述提升机构主动转动，配合所述预紧机构转动送放所述钢丝绳，用以减少所述提升机构的外侧的所述钢丝绳层与层、圈与圈之间的摩擦；
或，在步骤S1中，在所述预紧机构转动，带动所述提升机构转动，从而实现所述提升机构送放所述钢丝绳。
本申请还提供一种起重机，包括如上所述的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置。
本申请还提供一种电子设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如上所述起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法的步骤。
本申请还提供一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上所述起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法的步骤。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请提供的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的结构示意图；
图2是本申请提供的起重机的结构示意图；
图3是本申请提供的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法的流程图；
图4是本申请提供的电子设备的结构示意图；
附图标记：
100：钢丝绳；        200：提升机构；     210：第二卷放筒；
310：臂头滑轮组件；  311：臂头滑轮；     312：第一固定轴；
320：吊钩滑轮组件；  321：吊钩滑轮；     322：第二固定轴；
330：导向滑轮组件；  331：导向滑轮；     332：第三固定轴；
400：吊钩；          410：吊环；         420：挂钩；
500：预紧机构；     510：第一卷放筒；   610：上回转体；
620：起重臂；       700：重物；         810：处理器；
820：通信接口；     830：存储器；       840：通信总线。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本申请，但不能用来限制本申请的范围。
在本申请实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请实施例中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请实施例的至少一 个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
下面结合图1、图2描述本申请的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，以桁架式履带起重机为例，也可是伸缩臂式履带起重机，具体包括上回转体610，上回转体610底端旋转连接有下回转体，下回转体可带动起重机进行移动，上回转体610顶端一侧销轴连接有起重臂620，起重臂620可对上回转体610进行俯仰运动。提升机构200的外侧缠绕的钢丝绳100中的一个自由端过起重臂610顶端，再穿设过滑轮组件后与预紧机构500固定连接。此处的钢丝绳100也可穿过与起重臂620连接的副臂顶端，再穿设滑轮组件后与预紧机构500连接。在此，以钢丝绳100过起重臂620后为例，滑轮组件中的吊钩滑轮组321下连接有吊钩400。吊钩400通过吊具与被吊重物700连接。
下面结合图1和图2描述本申请的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，包括钢丝绳100、提升机构200、滑轮组件、预紧机构500和吊钩400，提升机构200与钢丝绳100的第一端连接，用以输出提拉力，预紧机构500与钢丝绳100的第二端连接，用以输出预紧力，其中，钢丝绳100的第二端绕过滑轮组件，吊钩400与预紧机构500连接。可以理解的是，提升机构200与钢丝绳100的第一端固定连接，卷收钢丝绳100，实现对钢丝绳100输出提升卷扬力，进而实现对重物700的提起，再通过提升机构200放送钢丝绳100，实现对重物700的落放操作。
其中，预紧机构500与钢丝绳100的第二端连接，与提升机构200配合对钢丝绳100的卷收和放送，实现对钢丝绳100的预紧，使提升机构200在提升和落放重物700时，钢丝绳100始终处于张紧状态，防止出现乱绳或缠绳不紧凑的现象。
其中，滑轮组件用以提高钢丝绳100的提升卷扬力的倍率，也就是说，钢丝绳100的第二端穿绕滑轮组件后再与预紧机构500连接，值得说明的是，在提升机构200对重物700进行提升卷扬或落放过程中，预紧机构500 固定钢丝绳100的第二端，仅提升机构200对钢丝绳100的第一端进行相应的卷收或放送。
其中，吊钩400与滑轮组件连接，通过吊具与重物700连接，并与重物700一起升降，吊钩400与吊具配合，能保证重物700提升和落放过程中的稳定性，防止脱落。
具体的，钢丝绳100的第一端与提升机构200固定连接，提升机构200可对钢丝绳100进行卷收和放送，钢丝绳100的第二端穿绕滑轮组件，将提升机构200输出的提拉力提升至合适的倍数，之后，钢丝绳100的第二端再与预紧机构500固定连接，预紧机构500也可对钢丝绳100穿过滑轮组件的部分进行卷收和放送。值得说明的是，合适的倍数是指提升机构200的输出力与重物700自身重量之间的比例进行设定，进而设定滑轮组件与钢丝绳100的穿设方式。
预紧方式具体为，提升机构200放送钢丝绳100，将钢丝绳100中的靠近预紧机构的一端的预紧段全部放送，吊钩400可与重物700钩挂，保持部件作用是在预紧过程中避免吊钩滑轮组件相对地面上下移动，从而影响预紧进程。即在钢丝绳100预紧过程中，能够对吊钩滑轮组件或者钢丝绳施加拉力。此处保持部件采用重物700进行示例。也可在预紧过程中，将吊钩滑轮组件通过挂钩420直接与地面进行可拆卸连接，或将吊钩滑轮组件通过挂钩420与起重机本体进行可拆卸连接。同时，预紧机构500对钢丝绳100进行卷收，使得钢丝绳100的预紧段全部卷收至预紧机构500；
提升机构200卷收钢丝绳100的第一端，预紧机构500对钢丝绳100的第二端，提供一个反向预紧力。此处以保持部件为重物700进行示例，由于吊钩400钩挂着重物700，使得重物700的重量远远大于预紧力，重物700不会离地。也就是说，通过提升机构200的放送，预紧机构500的卷收，实现重物700与吊钩400钩挂连接；提升机构200卷收钢丝绳100，预紧机构500锁紧，实现钢丝绳100的预紧。
值得说明的是，滑轮组件具体包括臂头滑轮组件310、吊钩滑轮组件320和导向滑轮组件330，其中，臂头滑轮组件310安装在起重机的起重臂620的顶端；吊钩滑轮组件320与臂头滑轮组件310通过钢丝绳100连接；导向滑轮组件330安装在起重机的起重臂620的臂头，用于改变钢丝 绳100的方向，实现导向作用。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，预紧机构500包括预紧电机，预紧电机的输出端设有第一卷放筒510，钢丝绳100的第二端绕设于第一卷放筒510上。可以理解的是，预紧机构500具体包括预紧电机，用以对钢丝绳100的第二端进行卷收和放送提供输出动力。预紧电机的输出端设有第一卷放筒510，第一卷放筒510与预紧电机的输出端同步转动，钢丝绳100的第二端与第一卷放筒510固定连接。当预紧电机的输出端带动第一卷放筒510正转时，钢丝绳100的第二端卷收于第一卷放筒510，实现将钢丝绳100绕设于第一卷放筒510上；当预紧电机的输出端带动第一卷放筒510反转时，实现将绕设于第一卷放筒510上的钢丝绳100进行放送。
值得说明的是，预紧电机可选用减速机或变频电机。也可采用马达对第一卷放筒510提供动力。
还需要说明的是，预紧电机的正转也可设定为对钢丝绳100的放送，反转设定为对钢丝绳100的卷收，具体的可根据实际情况进行设置。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，提升机构200包括提升电机，提升电机的输出端设有第二卷放筒210，钢丝绳100的第一端绕设于第二卷放筒210上。可以理解的是，提升机构200具体包括提升电机，用以对钢丝绳100的第一端进行卷收和放送提供输出动力，也就是对重物700的提升提供提升卷扬力。提升电机的输出端设有第二卷放筒210，第二卷放筒210与提升电机的输出端同步转动，钢丝绳100的第一端与第二卷放筒210固定连接。当提升电机的输出端带动第二卷放筒210正转时，钢丝绳100的第一端卷收于第二卷放筒210，实现将钢丝绳100绕设于第二卷放筒210上；当提升电机的输出端带动第二卷放筒210反转时，实现将绕设于第二卷放筒210上的钢丝绳100进行放送。
值得说明的是，提升电机可选用减速机或变频电机。
还需要说明的是，提升电机的正转也可设定为对钢丝绳100的放送，反转设定为对钢丝绳100的卷收，具体的可根据实际情况进行设定。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，滑轮组件包括多个臂头滑轮311和多个吊钩滑轮321，钢丝绳100的第二端顺次在臂头滑轮 311和吊钩滑轮321之间绕设连接。可以理解的是，滑轮组件包括臂头滑轮组件310和吊钩滑轮组件320，其中，臂头滑轮组件310包括多个臂头滑轮311，吊钩滑轮组件320包括多个吊钩滑轮321。钢丝绳100的第二端顺次与臂头滑轮311和吊钩滑轮321绕设连接，实现对提升机构200对钢丝绳100输出的提升力进行数倍提升。
具体的，钢丝绳100的第二端首先绕过第一个臂头滑轮311，再绕设于第一个吊钩滑轮321，之后回绕于第二个臂头滑轮311，再绕设至第二个吊钩滑轮321，之后再回绕于第三臂头滑轮311，依次类推，直至钢丝绳100的第二端绕设于最后一个吊钩滑轮321后，回绕于最后一个臂头滑轮311，最终与预紧机构500固定连接。
值得说明的是，吊钩滑轮组件320与吊钩400固定连接，提升机构200对钢丝绳100进行卷收，吊钩滑轮组件320受钢丝绳100的作用，带动吊钩400以及钩挂在吊钩400上的重物700提升。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，多个臂头滑轮311可转动的套设于第一固定轴312上，多个吊钩滑轮321可转动的套设于第二固定轴322上，第一固定轴312与第二固定轴322平行设置。可以理解的是，臂头滑轮组件310还包括第一固定轴312，多个臂头滑轮311均可独自相对于第一固定轴312转动的套设于第一固定轴312上，臂头滑轮311之间互不干扰。吊钩滑轮组件320还包括第二固定轴322，多个吊钩滑轮321均可独自相对于第二固定轴322转动的套设于第二固定轴322上，吊钩滑轮321之间互不干扰。第一固定轴312和第二固定轴322平行设置，多个臂头滑轮311沿第一固定轴312的轴向设置，多个吊钩滑轮321沿第二固定轴322的轴向设置。
本实实施例中臂头滑轮311的个数比吊钩滑轮321的个数多一个。也就是说，钢丝绳100的第二端起始绕设于臂头滑轮311，最终回绕于臂头滑轮311。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，滑轮组件还包括多个导向滑轮331，导向滑轮331与钢丝绳100导向适配，用以将钢丝绳100的第二端导向至臂头滑轮311和预紧机构500。可以理解的是，滑轮组件还包括导向滑轮组件330，导向滑轮组件330包括多个导向滑轮331，钢 丝绳100绕设于导向滑轮331上，并导向适配，实现将钢丝绳100第二端导向至臂头滑轮311，并最终将钢丝绳100的第二端导向至预紧机构500的第一卷放筒510上。
也就是说，导向滑轮331至少设置两个，钢丝绳100的第二端首先经第一个导向滑轮331，将钢丝绳100的第二端导向至第一个臂头滑轮311；回绕于最后一个臂头滑轮311后的钢丝绳100的第二端经第二个导向滑轮331导向至第一卷放筒510。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，多个导向滑轮331可转动套设于第三固定轴332上，第三固定轴332与第一固定轴312平行设置。可以理解的是，导向滑轮组件330还包括第三固定轴332，多个导向滑轮331可相对于第三固定轴332独自转动的套设于第三固定轴332上，保证各导向滑轮331的导向作用。第三固定轴332与第一固定轴312、第二固定轴322均平行设置，也就是说，钢丝绳100的穿绕始终处于直线状态，不会发生缠绕错乱。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，吊钩400包括吊环410和挂钩420，吊环410与滑轮组件连接，挂钩420的安装端可转动的穿设于吊环410内。可以理解的是，吊钩400包括吊环410和挂钩420，吊环410与吊钩滑轮组件320固定连接，挂钩420的安装端即上端穿设于吊环410内，并可相对于吊环410自由旋转。挂钩420的钩挂端即下端用以钩挂重物700。
具体的，吊钩滑轮组件320还包括第二安装座，第二固定轴322的两端分别安装于第二安装座的两相对侧壁上，吊环410水平安装于第二安装座的底侧，并与第二安装座相对固定。吊钩400的安装端设有卡盘，卡盘的直径大于卡环的外径，有效防止吊钩400的上端脱落。吊钩400包括竖杆，竖杆穿插于吊环410，竖杆的直径小于吊环410的内径，使得竖杆可在吊环410内自由转动。卡盘设于竖杆的上端，竖杆的下端设有钩状结构，实现对重物700的钩挂。也就是说，通过吊钩400与吊环410的旋转适配，可调整吊钩400的钩挂角度，适配不同放置的重物700。
下面结合图3对本申请提供的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法进行描述，下文描述的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法与上文描述的起 重机用钢丝绳预紧装置可相互对应参照。
本申请还提供一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法，包括如下步骤：
S1:通过预紧机构500卷收钢丝绳100靠近预紧机构的一端的预紧段，至钢丝绳100的预紧段完成送放，预紧机构500完成对预紧段的卷收；
S2：通过提升机构200卷收钢丝绳100，在提升机构200卷收钢丝绳100时，预紧机构对钢丝绳100的自由端产生制动力，对钢丝绳100形成反向预紧力，实现对提升机构200的外侧钢丝绳100的预紧。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法，在预紧机构500卷收钢丝绳100时，保持部件施加在吊钩滑轮组件320上的拉力大于预紧机构500对钢丝绳100产生的制动力；
在提升机构200卷收钢丝绳100时，保持部件施加在吊钩滑轮组件320上的拉力大于提升机构200施加在钢丝绳100上的拉力。
根据本申请提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法，在步骤S1中，提升机构200主动转动，配合预紧机构500转动送放钢丝绳100，用以减少提升机构200的外侧的钢丝绳100层与层、圈与圈之间的摩擦；
或，在步骤S1中，在预紧机构500转动，带动提升机构200转动，从而实现提升机构200送放钢丝绳100。
本申请实施例提供的一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法，具体包括如下步骤：
将钢丝绳100的第一端固定连接至第二卷放筒210上，将钢丝绳100的第二端绕设第一个导向滑轮331，并导向至臂头滑轮311，钢丝绳100的第二端依次绕设臂头滑轮311和吊钩滑轮321，使提升电机的输出力翻至所需倍数，满足提升力所需，并由第二个导向滑轮331将钢丝绳100的第二端导向至第一卷放筒510，并与第一卷放筒510固定连接；
开启预紧电机，正转，带动第一卷放筒510转动，实现对钢丝绳100的第二端进行卷收，同时，开启提升电机，反转，带动第二卷放筒210转动，实现对绕设在第二卷放筒210上的钢丝绳100进行放送，直至将钢丝绳100的预紧段放送完；
或者，不向第二卷放筒210提供动力，由第一卷放筒510转动情况下， 带动第二卷放筒210转动，直至将第一卷放筒510卷收完成钢丝绳100的预紧段。即可以主动向第二卷放筒210提供动力，也可以不向第二卷放筒210提供动力。主动向第二卷放筒210提供动力，能够减少第二卷放筒210上缠绕的钢丝绳100之间的磨损。
此时，挂钩420有足够的钢丝绳100余量对重物700进行钩挂，将挂钩420与重物700钩挂连接；
开启提升电机，正转，带动第二卷放筒210转动，实现对钢丝绳100进行卷收，同时，预紧电机关闭，对第二卷放筒210施加反向预紧力。此处需要说明的是，开始时，提升电机提供的提升力大于反向预紧力，使得第二卷放筒210能实现对钢丝绳100进行卷收。在卷收一段钢丝绳100后，提升力趋近等于反向预紧力，使得第二卷放筒210以一定速度匀速卷收钢丝绳100。由于重物700的重量远远大于预紧电机的预紧力，重物700不会离地，当提升电机输出的提升力等于预紧电机输出的反向预紧力，在不考虑摩擦力情况下，钢丝绳100会匀速缠绕在第二卷放筒210上，钢丝绳100处于预紧状态。
如图2所示，本申请还提供一种起重机，包括上回转体610、起重臂620和如上所述的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，提升机构200设于上回转体610上，预紧机构500设于起重臂620的安装端，起重臂620的安装端安装于上回转体610上，滑轮组件设于起重臂620的臂头。可以理解的是，上回转体610用以安装起重臂620，作为稳定支撑基座。起重臂620和提升电机均安装于上回转体610上。预紧电机安装于起重臂620的一侧，并靠近起重臂620的安装端。导向滑轮组件330和臂头滑轮组件310均安装于起重臂620的伸缩端，具体的，导向滑轮组件330安装于起重臂620的伸缩端靠近上回转体610的第一侧，臂头滑轮组件310与导向滑轮组件330相对安装，也就是安装于起重臂620的臂头远离上回转体610的第二侧。
值得说明的是，臂架的臂头的第一侧设有第三安装座，第三固定轴332的两端分别对应安装于第三安装座的两相对侧壁上，保证第三固定轴332的稳定安装。伸缩臂的伸缩端的第二侧设有第一安装座，第一固定轴312的两端分别对应安装于第一安装座的两相对侧壁上，保证第一固定轴312 的稳定安装。
如图4所示，本申请还提供一种电子设备，包括存储器830、处理器810及存储在存储器830上并可在处理器810上运行的计算机程序，处理器810执行程序时实现如上所述起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法的步骤。值得说明的是，该电子设备可以包括：处理器810、通信接口820、存储器830和通信总线840，其中，处理器810，通信接口820，存储器830通过通信总线840完成相互间的通信。处理器810可以调用存储器830中的逻辑指令，以执行起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法。
此外，上述的存储器830中的逻辑指令可以通过软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本申请还提供一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器810执行时实现如上所述起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法的步骤。
以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件。基于这样的理解，上述技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品可以存储在 计算机可读存储介质中，如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。
本申请提供的起重机及其钢丝绳预紧装置、方法、电子设备、存储介质，包括提升机构和钢丝绳，所述钢丝绳一端固定连接在所述提升机构的外侧，并依次按序缠绕在所述提升机构的外侧，形成缠绕圈层，所述钢丝绳的另一端形成自由端，还包括：臂头滑轮组件，安装在起重机的起重臂顶端；吊钩滑轮组件，与所述臂头滑轮组件通过所述钢丝绳连接；预紧机构，与穿设过所述臂头滑轮组件、所述吊钩滑轮组件后的所述钢丝绳的自由端固定连接，且所述钢丝绳可被依次按序排列在所述预紧机构的外侧；保持部件，可相对地面保持所述吊钩滑轮组件，用以在预紧过程，防止所述吊钩滑轮组件相对地面发生移动，通过预紧机构和提升机构对钢丝绳的两端的卷收和放送配合调整，实现对钢丝绳在钩挂重物后，吊起重物之前，完成预紧，保证提升机构对钢丝绳进行卷收和放送时，钢丝绳处于张紧状态，不会出现乱绳现象，同时，节约能耗。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，包括提升机构和钢丝绳，所述钢丝绳一端固定连接在所述提升机构的外侧，并依次按序缠绕在所述提升机构的外侧，形成缠绕圈层，所述钢丝绳的另一端形成自由端，还包括：
    臂头滑轮组件，安装在起重机的起重臂顶端；
    吊钩滑轮组件，与所述臂头滑轮组件通过所述钢丝绳连接；
    预紧机构，与穿设过所述臂头滑轮组件、所述吊钩滑轮组件后的所述钢丝绳的自由端固定连接，且所述钢丝绳可被依次按序排列在所述预紧机构的外侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，还包括：
    导向滑轮组件，安装在所述起重机的起重臂的臂头，用于改变所述钢丝绳的方向；
    在水平方向，所述导向滑轮组件位于所述臂头滑轮组件与所述提升机构之间；
    所述钢丝绳的自由端可通过所述导向滑轮组件中导向滑轮的侧面凹槽导向至所述臂头滑轮组件。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，还包括：
    挂接组件，与所述吊钩滑轮组件连接；
    挂钩，与所述挂接组件连接，并可相对所述挂接组件转动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置，其中，所述预紧机构被设置在所述起重机上。
  5. 一种如权利要求1至4任一项所述的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S1：通过所述预紧机构卷收所述钢丝绳，所述钢丝绳的预紧段被所述预紧机构完全卷收，所述预紧机构停止作业；
    S2：通过所述提升机构卷收所述钢丝绳，在所述提升机构卷收所述钢丝绳时，所述预紧机构对所述钢丝绳的自由端产生制动力，对所述钢丝绳形成反向预紧力，实现对所述提升机构的外侧所述钢丝绳的预紧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法，其中，
    在所述预紧机构卷收所述钢丝绳时，所述保持部件施加在所述吊钩滑轮组件上的拉力大于所述预紧机构对钢所述丝绳产生的制动力；
    在所述提升机构卷收所述钢丝绳时，所述保持部件施加在所述吊钩滑轮组件上的拉力大于所述提升机构施加在所述钢丝绳上的拉力。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法，其中，在步骤S1中，所述提升机构主动转动，配合所述预紧机构转动送放所述钢丝绳，用以减少所述提升机构的外侧的所述钢丝绳层与层、圈与圈之间的摩擦；
    或，在步骤S1中，在所述预紧机构转动，带动所述提升机构转动，从而实现所述提升机构送放钢丝绳。
  8. 一种起重机，其中，包括如权利要求1至4任一项所述的起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置。
  9. 一种电子设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如权利要求5至7任一项所述起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法的步骤。
  10. 一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求5至7任一项所述起重机用钢丝绳预紧装置的预紧方法的步骤。
PCT/CN2022/101585 2021-08-30 2022-06-27 起重机及其钢丝绳预紧装置、方法、电子设备、存储介质 WO2023029697A1 (zh)

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