WO2023008052A1 - 不織布の製造装置および製造方法 - Google Patents
不織布の製造装置および製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023008052A1 WO2023008052A1 PCT/JP2022/025714 JP2022025714W WO2023008052A1 WO 2023008052 A1 WO2023008052 A1 WO 2023008052A1 JP 2022025714 W JP2022025714 W JP 2022025714W WO 2023008052 A1 WO2023008052 A1 WO 2023008052A1
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- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- nonwoven fabric
- wall surface
- nozzle
- lip
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyethylenes Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012773 agricultural material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005003 food packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004750 melt-blown nonwoven Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and method suitable for manufacturing nonwoven fabrics by the meltblowing method.
- a high-speed, high-temperature air stream is blown onto the polymer extruded from the nozzle of the spinneret to pull and melt-bond the polymer to form a web, which is captured on a net conveyor.
- a meltblowing method in which a nonwoven fabric is obtained by gathering is mentioned.
- the die used in the melt blowing method includes a nozzle having a group of discharge holes arranged in a line in the width direction, and a pair of lips arranged on both sides of the nozzle so as to face each other with the group of discharge holes interposed therebetween. A gap is formed between the nozzle and the lip.
- nonwoven fabric made of ultrafine fibers.
- nonwoven fabrics have been used in a wide variety of applications, and nonwoven fabrics with very small fiber diameters have been desired for high-performance applications such as filters, medical masks, and medical gowns.
- the melt-blown nozzle disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a shape in which the flow path of the hot air ejected from the slit once shrinks after the polymer is ejected, and then gradually widens.
- the jet flows along one wall surface due to the Coanda effect, and is obliquely sprayed against the net conveyor that collects the web.
- the fibers fly up like feathers above the net conveyor, making it difficult to form a web.
- the polymer discharged from the nozzle tends to adhere to the constricted portion of the flow channel and the widened flow channel, resulting in shots (polymer clumps), which may make continuous production difficult.
- the width of the flow path becomes very narrow locally, the pressure loss increases, and it is necessary to improve the performance of the compressor device for supplying the hot air, which may increase the facility cost.
- the melt-blown nozzle it is possible to obtain the effect of reducing the fiber diameter by increasing the supply pressure of hot air supplied, but the use of compressed air increases utility costs.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a nonwoven fabric production apparatus and a production method that can efficiently obtain a nonwoven fabric of ultrafine fibers with a very small fiber diameter.
- the present invention for solving the above problems employs any one of the following configurations. (1) Between a nozzle having an ejection hole group in which ejection holes for ejecting molten polymer are arranged in a row, and a pair of lips arranged to face each other with the ejection hole group of the nozzle interposed therebetween.
- a pair of widened wall surfaces extending in the direction of polymer discharge from the lower surface of the lip so as to face each other across the polymer discharged from the discharge hole;
- the angle ⁇ formed by the pair of widening wall surfaces is in the range of 60° ⁇ 120°, and
- the distance P between the opposing intersections X and the distance H between the opposing intersections Y is in the range of 2 ⁇ H/P ⁇ 15.
- the "lower surface of the lip” refers to the surface of the lip facing downstream in the direction of polymer ejection.
- a "slit-shaped gap” refers to a rectangular gap that is arranged substantially parallel to a row of discharge holes and has a cross section that is long in one direction.
- the "angle ⁇ formed by a pair of widened wall surfaces” is an angle formed by an extension line of a substantially flat wall surface toward the upstream side in the direction of polymer ejection, as shown in FIG.
- the angle formed by the extension lines of the pair of flat surface portions is adopted. do.
- the "intersection point of the bottom surface of the lip and the wall surface forming the gap” is also substantially the intersection point of two planes. Take the intersection of the lines. Furthermore, the "intersection point between the bottom surface of the lip and the widened wall surface” refers to the intersection point between the substantially planar widened wall surface and the substantially planar bottom surface of the lip. If so, adopt the intersection of the extensions of the respective planes.
- defects such as shots can be prevented from occurring by controlling the jet stream directly below the spinneret, making it possible to stably produce a nonwoven fabric of ultrafine fibers.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a melt-blown nozzle according to the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional melt blow nozzle
- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic side view which shows one Embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus of the nonwoven fabric in this invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the direction of airflow directly below the melt-blown nozzle in a conventional example.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the direction of airflow directly below the melt blow nozzle in the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the direction of airflow directly below the melt-blown nozzle in a conventional example.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the meltblown nozzle in the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the meltblown nozzle in the present invention
- 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a meltblown nozzle not included in the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a meltblown nozzle not included in the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the meltblown nozzle of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the melt-blown nozzle used in the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional melt-blown nozzle without a widened wall surface on the lower surface of the lip.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic side view showing an example of a nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the direction of the airflow immediately below the melt-blown mouthpiece in the conventional example when no widening wall surface is provided on the lower surface of the lip.
- FIG. 5 shows the direction of airflow just below the meltblowing nozzle in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the direction of the airflow immediately below the melt-blown nozzle of another conventional example, which has a widened wall surface on the lower surface of the lip but is not included in the present invention.
- 7 and 8 are schematic cross-sectional views showing another embodiment of the meltblown nozzle of the present invention. 4 to 6, the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of the airflow.
- the term "immediately below the melt-blowing nozzle” used herein refers to a region below the ejection hole of the nozzle of the melt-blowing nozzle in the direction of polymer ejection.
- the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus used in the embodiment of the present invention is composed of a polymer introduction pipe 8, a melt blow nozzle 9, a collection net conveyor 10, rollers 11, etc., as shown in FIG.
- the melt blow nozzle 9 includes a nozzle 1 having a group of discharge holes in which a plurality of discharge holes 2 are arranged in one direction (the depth direction of the paper surface in FIG. 1), and a nozzle 1 with the discharge hole group It has a pair of lips 3 arranged to face each other, and a slit-like gap 4 is formed between the nozzle 1 and each lip 3 .
- the polymer is supplied from the polymer introduction pipe 8 to the melt blow nozzle 9, and a gas such as high-temperature air is also supplied to the melt blow nozzle 9, and the molten polymer is discharged from the nozzle 1 through the discharge hole 2.
- the polymer may be directly supplied from the polymer introduction pipe 8 to the melt blow nozzle 9, or may be led to the melt blow nozzle 9 via a spin block (not shown) consisting of a coat hanger die.
- a gas such as high-temperature air is blown onto the polymer continuously discharged from the discharge hole 2 from the gap 4 formed between the nozzle 1 and the lip 3, thereby pulling the polymer and reducing its diameter.
- the web 12 is formed by fusion bonding.
- the web 12 is collected by a collection net conveyor 10 and wound around a roller 11 as a nonwoven fabric.
- the web 12 may be formed by directly discharging the polymer onto a rotating roller and blowing gas such as high-temperature air.
- the polymer discharged from the discharge hole 2 is pulled and reduced in diameter in a section (referred to as a stretching section) from the discharge hole 2 to several millimeters in the polymer discharge direction, where the viscosity is low. Therefore, it is important to efficiently generate traction force in this stretched section.
- the traction force F is given by the formula (A), where CF is a constant, ⁇ is the density of the blown gas, v is the wind speed of the gas in the stretched section, c is the circumferential length of the linear polymer, and l is the length of the stretched section. , proportional to the square of the wind speed v of the airflow and the length l of the stretched section.
- the width of the flow path is minimized after the flow paths of the ejected gas are merged at the lower end of the slit, and then the width of the flow path is expanded to increase the velocity of the gas. can increase v.
- this method as shown in FIG. 6, after the polymer is discharged, a portion with a very narrow flow path extends along the direction of polymer discharge, so that the jet flows along one wall surface due to the Coanda effect. easier to flow. As a result, the polymer discharged from the discharge hole 2 cannot flow straight in the discharge direction, and the length l of the stretched section becomes extremely short.
- the polymer since the polymer is obliquely sprayed onto the collection net conveyor 10, it may be difficult to stably produce a nonwoven fabric of ultrafine fibers.
- melt-blown nozzles blow out high-speed gas from a pair of gaps 4 and form jets after they collide. very difficult to form.
- the jet portion is a high-speed region of the airflow blown out from the gap 4 (generally defined Mach number 0.3 or more region), but the section where the wind speed v of this jet section is high is the extension section.
- a pair of widened wall surfaces 6 extending in the polymer discharge direction are arranged starting from the lower surface of the lip 3 .
- the angle ⁇ formed by the pair of widening wall surfaces 6 is set within the range of 60° ⁇ 120°.
- the interval P [mm] between the opposing intersection points X and the opposing intersection points is set to be in the range of 2 ⁇ H/P ⁇ 15.
- the accompanying flow flows along the widened wall surface 6 and the lower surface of the lip 3 for the jet flow portion blown out from the pair of gaps 4, and flows in the mainstream direction of the jet flow portion (Fig. It flows into the jet part from the opposite direction to the downward direction in the middle.
- the jet width w is narrowed by the accompanying flows that flowed in from both sides of the nozzle 1, and the cross-sectional area of the jet portion becomes smaller. faster in comparison.
- the airflow flows along the widened wall surface 6 in a direction opposite to the main flow direction of the jet, thereby suppressing the widening of the jet portion.
- the jet portion becomes longer in the direction of polymer ejection, and the stretching section l increases.
- the length l of the stretched section and the wind speed v of the stretched section are increased, so that a nonwoven fabric of ultrafine fibers can be stably produced.
- the angle ⁇ formed by a pair of opposed widened wall surfaces 6 satisfies the relationship of 60° ⁇ 120°, and between the intersection points X facing each other across the discharge hole 2
- the interval P [mm] and the interval H [mm] between the intersection points Y facing each other across the discharge hole 2 are adjusted so as to satisfy the relationship 2 ⁇ H/P ⁇ 15.
- the angle ⁇ is ⁇ >120°, the accompanying flow cannot narrow the jet portion, and the effect of reducing the diameter cannot be obtained.
- the angle ⁇ is preferably in the range of 70° ⁇ 110°.
- H/P is preferably in the range of 3 ⁇ H/P ⁇ 8.
- the interval P [mm] determines the initial width of the jet
- the interval H [mm] determines the widening of the jet on the downstream side. It is an important parameter for controlling the jet flow and for reducing the diameter.
- the interval P [mm] between the intersections X facing each other across the discharge hole 2 is in the range of 0.4 ⁇ P ⁇ 4.0. It is necessary to set the air gap width uniformly over the arrangement direction of the discharge holes (apparatus width), but by setting 0.4 ⁇ P, it becomes easy to set the air gap width uniformly across the apparatus width. . On the other hand, by setting P ⁇ 4.0, the jet velocity is increased, making it easier to achieve a smaller diameter.
- each widened wall surface 6 may be changed arbitrarily.
- the member 5 forming the widened wall surface 6 may be a block or a plate material, and the lip 3 and the widened wall surface 6 may be integrally constructed.
- the lip is a part that contributes to forming and regulating the flow path of the gas blown out to the polymer together with the nozzle.
- the lower surface is the "lower surface of the lip”.
- the tip of the nozzle 1 may be positioned at the same position as the lower surface of the lip 3 in the direction of polymer ejection as shown in FIG. may be upstream or downstream of the lower surface of the lip.
- the lower surface of the lip 3 may not be perpendicular to the direction of polymer ejection, and the angle ⁇ formed by the lower surface of the lip and the direction of polymer ejection is 70° ⁇ 120°. is desirable.
- ⁇ is 70° or more, it is possible to more reliably prevent the accompanying flow from biasing toward the widened wall surface 6 at the ejection portion, thereby facilitating collection by the conveyor belt.
- ⁇ is larger than 120°, the thickness of the lip tip becomes thin, which makes processing difficult and tends to reduce durability.
- the length ⁇ of the widened wall surface 6 in the polymer ejection direction is 10 mm or more.
- the jet portion of the airflow ejected from the gap 4 can be reliably narrowed, so that the effect of reducing the diameter tends to increase.
- the length ⁇ preferably ranges from 10 mm to 50 mm. By setting the length ⁇ to 50 mm or less, it is possible to further prevent the deviation of the jet portion toward the widened wall surface 6 .
- the widened wall surface 6 may be composed of two or more widened members, and in this case, it is desirable that the widened member 6 located below in the direction of polymer ejection be detachable.
- the widening wall surfaces may not be straight but may have steps, but they must be sealed to prevent air from escaping. In this case, ⁇ and H are obtained based on the widening member 6 on the side in contact with the lower surface of the lip 3 .
- the widening member 5 constituting the widening wall surface 6 is horizontally movable along the lower surface of the lip 3 . This is because polymer may adhere to the widened wall surface 6 when the polymer discharge is unstable, such as when the apparatus starts operating. This is because the widening member 5 is moved to a predetermined position when the discharge state is stabilized.
- the moving distance is preferably 10 mm or more in the horizontal direction, and particularly preferably 50 mm or more.
- a heating mechanism for the widened wall surface 6 it is preferable to have a heating mechanism for the widened wall surface 6 .
- the widening member 5 constituting the widening wall surface 6 is heated by a heating mechanism such as a heater.
- a heating mechanism such as a heater.
- a normal temperature accompanying flow flows along the widened wall surface 6 toward the nozzle 1 , so that the tip of the nozzle 1 is easily cooled through the widened member 5 .
- the melt viscosity of the polymer at the time of ejection increases, which hinders the efficient drawing of the fiber and may reduce the effect of reducing the diameter.
- a heating mechanism for the widened wall surface 6 to prevent the melt viscosity from increasing during ejection of the polymer.
- a rod-shaped heater, a plate-shaped heater, and the like can be used, and a plate-shaped heater is more preferable from the viewpoint of uniformity.
- the heat quantity of the heater is preferably 1.2 KW/m or more.
- the surface of the widening member may be covered with a heat insulating plate having a low thermal conductivity, and the thermal conductivity is desirably 1.0 W/m/K or less.
- the widened wall surface 6 may have an R portion that asymptotically approaches the lower surface of the lip 3 in addition to the flat portion.
- the main point of the present invention is to suppress the expansion of the air jet portion directly under the mouthpiece by the inflow of the accompanying flow along the widening wall surface 6, so that the main flow of the accompanying flow is not affected. Even if the R portion is formed within a range in which there is no R portion, the effect of reducing the diameter is exhibited.
- the widened wall surface preferably has an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 100 ⁇ m or less. If the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the widened wall surface is Ra>100 ⁇ m, the unevenness of the widened wall surface 6 tends to generate eddy currents, resulting in increased turbulence in the entraining flow, which may reduce the effect of reducing the diameter. Moreover, it is preferable that the direction of the knot formed by machining the widened wall surface 6 is parallel to the direction of the airflow near the widened wall surface 6 shown in FIG.
- Metal materials such as stainless steel and aluminum, and plastic materials such as glass fiber can be preferably used as materials for the widening member used in the present invention.
- the present invention is an invention with extremely high versatility, and can be applied to the production of known melt-blown nonwoven fabrics. Therefore, the polymer constituting the nonwoven fabric is not particularly limited.
- polyesters, polyamides, polyphenylene sulfides, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, and the like can be cited as examples of polymers that constitute nonwoven fabrics.
- the MFR (melt flow rate) of the polymer is preferably 300-1500 g/10 min, more preferably 900-1300 g/10 min.
- Matting agents such as titanium dioxide, silicon oxide, carion, anti-coloring agents, stabilizers, antioxidants, deodorants, flame retardants, yarn friction reducing agents, and Various functional particles such as coloring pigments and surface modifiers and additives of organic compounds may be contained, and copolymerization may be included.
- a polymer solution obtained by dissolving a polymer such as cellulose, polysulfone, polyetherimide, or polyacrylonitrile in a solvent may be used.
- the melting point of the polymer used serves as a guideline for the spinning temperature of the polymer, and it is desirable to set the melting point +60° C. or lower.
- air is the most economical and preferable gas to be blown from the gap 4, but mixed gas, steam, saturated steam, and superheated steam may also be used.
- mixed gas, steam, saturated steam, and superheated steam may also be used.
- it is preferable to select a gas with a high density because the density ⁇ of the gas is also related as shown in the above formula (A).
- the temperature of the gas is preferably set within a range of +50° C. or less from the temperature of the discharged polymer.
- ⁇ Misalignment of airflow> The deviation of the airflow is evaluated at the center position of the apparatus width during spinning using an anemometer (Japan Kanomax Co., Ltd.: MODEL6501 series). Specifically, an anemometer probe was installed at a position 10 mm downstream from the nozzle ejection surface in the direction of polymer ejection from the left and right widened wall surfaces and at a position 2 mm inward from the widened wall surface. Measure the wind speed at 10 seconds and use the average value for 10 seconds. If there is a difference of 5 times or more between the obtained wind speed values on the left and right wall surfaces, it is determined that the airflow is biased.
- an anemometer probe was installed at a position 10 mm downstream from the nozzle ejection surface in the direction of polymer ejection from the left and right widened wall surfaces and at a position 2 mm inward from the widened wall surface. Measure the wind speed at 10 seconds and use the average value for 10 seconds. If there is a difference
- a non-woven fabric was produced using a melt-blown nozzle as shown in FIG.
- a polypropylene resin conforming to ASTM-D1238 with a weight of 2.16 kg and a melt flow rate of 1100 g/10 minutes at a temperature of 230°C is used as the raw material resin.
- the nonwoven fabric could be collected on the conveyor belt, and the average fiber diameter was 1.1 ⁇ m.
- Examples 1 to 10, Comparative Examples 2 to 6 A nonwoven fabric was produced using a melt-blown nozzle (that is, with a widened wall surface on the lower surface side of the lip) as shown in FIG.
- a melt-blown nozzle that is, with a widened wall surface on the lower surface side of the lip
- a polypropylene resin conforming to ASTM-D1238 with a weight of 2.16 kg and a melt flow rate of 1100 g/10 minutes at a temperature of 230°C is used.
- Comparative Example 2 is the same as Example 2 except that the angle ⁇ formed by the opposing widened wall surfaces is changed to 50°, and the ratio H/P between the interval P between the intersection points X and the interval H between the intersection points Y is changed to 1.
- the angle ⁇ formed by the opposing widened wall surfaces is changed to 50°
- the ratio H/P between the interval P between the intersection points X and the interval H between the intersection points Y is changed to 1.
- Comparative Example 4 an attempt was made to produce a nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the ratio H/P between the spacing P between the intersection points X and the spacing H between the intersection points Y was changed to 1.
- the nonwoven fabric could not be collected on the conveyor belt because the air flow flowed along with the nonwoven fabric.
- Comparative Example 5 an attempt was made to produce a nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the ratio H/P between the spacing P between the intersection points X and the spacing H between the intersection points Y was changed to 21. As a result, a nonwoven fabric was obtained. However, it was not possible to narrow the airflow spouted by the accompanying flow, resulting in a result that the effect of reducing the diameter could not be obtained.
- Comparative Example 6 an attempt was made to produce a nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the angle ⁇ formed by the opposing widened wall surfaces was changed to 150°. As a result, the airflow could not be narrowed and the effect of reducing the diameter could not be obtained.
- Comparative Example 7 Using a melt - blown nozzle as shown in FIG. Non-woven fabric was manufactured. Table 5 shows the test results. In Comparative Example 7, the nonwoven fabric could be collected on the conveyor belt, and the average fiber diameter was 1.1 ⁇ m.
- Examples 11 to 13, Comparative Examples 8 and 9 Using a melt - blown nozzle as shown in FIG.
- the angle ⁇ formed by the lower surface and the polymer ejection direction is 90°
- the length ⁇ of the widened wall surface in the polymer ejection direction is 30 mm
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the widened wall surface is 12.5 ⁇ m
- the widened member is not heated by a heater.
- a nonwoven fabric was produced under the conditions shown in 5.
- Comparative Example 8 an attempt was made to produce a nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 11, except that the ratio H/P between the spacing P between the intersection points X and the spacing H between the intersection points Y was changed to 1.
- the nonwoven fabric could not be collected on the conveyor belt because the air flow flowed along with the nonwoven fabric.
- Example 14 Using a melt - blown nozzle as shown in FIG.
- the angle ⁇ between the lower surface and the direction of polymer ejection is 90°
- the length ⁇ of the widened wall surface in the direction of polymer ejection is 30 mm
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra of the widened wall surface is 12.5 ⁇ m
- the widened member is divided into two parts using a plate-shaped heater.
- a nonwoven fabric was produced under the conditions shown in Table 5 by heating at 0 KW/m (heating surface: opposite side of the widened wall surface).
- Example 12 Compared to Example 12 in which the widening member was not heated, a nonwoven fabric made of finer fibers could be stably produced.
- the non-woven fabric produced by the production apparatus and production method of the present invention can be used for industrial material filters, diapers, sanitary products, medical masks, medical gowns, pollen guard masks, sanitary materials such as drapes, automotive materials, liquid filtration filters, and interleaving paper.
- car wash brushes and other industrial materials food packaging materials, furoshiki cloth, tape yarn, shoe materials, daily life materials such as body warmers, tea bags, and cleaning covers, agricultural materials such as adhesives and agricultural material pots, roof materials, civil engineering stabilizing sheets, and heat insulating materials It can be applied to construction materials such as building materials, floor materials, house wraps, civil engineering materials, etc., but the scope of application is not limited to these.
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- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(1) 溶融したポリマーを吐出するための吐出孔が1列に配された吐出孔群を有するノズルと、前記ノズルの吐出孔群を挟んで対向するように配された一対のリップとの間に、スリット状のギャップを有し、前記吐出孔より吐出したポリマーに対して前記ギャップから気体を吹き付けて不織布を製造する装置であって、
前記吐出孔より吐出されるポリマーを挟んで対向するように、前記リップの下面を起点に、ポリマー吐出方向に延在する一対の拡幅壁面を配し、
前記一対の拡幅壁面の成す角度αが60°≦α≦120°の範囲であり、且つ、
前記リップの下面と前記ギャップを形成する壁面の交点をX、前記リップの下面と前記拡幅壁面の交点をYとしたとき、対向する交点X間の間隔Pと、対向する交点Y間の間隔Hとが、2≦H/P≦15の範囲である
ことを特徴とする不織布の製造装置。
(2) 前記リップの下面とポリマー吐出方向との成す角度βが、70°≦β≦120°である、前記(1)に記載の不織布の製造装置。
(3) 前記拡幅壁面のポリマー吐出方向の長さγが10mm以上である、前記(1)または(2)に記載の不織布の製造装置。
(4) 前記拡幅壁面がポリマー吐出方向と交差する方向に移動可能である、前記(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の不織布の製造装置。
(5) 前記拡幅壁面の算術平均粗さRaが100μm以下である、前記(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の不織布の製造装置。
(6) 前記拡幅壁面の加熱機構を有している、前記(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載の不織布の製造装置。
(7) 前記(1)~(6)のいずれかの装置を用いた不織布の製造方法。
そのため、牽引力Fを効率的に増加させる方法としては、延伸区間での気体の風速vと延伸区間の長さlを増加させることが考えられる。
気流の偏りは、紡糸中に、風速計(日本カノマックス株式会社:MODEL6501シリーズ)を用いて、装置幅の中央の位置で評価する。具体的には、左右の拡幅壁面に対して、ノズル吐出面からポリマー吐出方向に10mm下流側の位置で、かつ、拡幅壁面から2mm内側の位置に、風速計のプローブを設置し、1秒ごとに風速を測定し、10秒間の平均値を用いる。得られた風速値について、左右の壁面で5倍以上の差がついていた場合、気流の偏りがあると判断する。
捕集ネットコンベア上に捕集して得た不織布から、幅方向中央50mm以外を除いたうえで、ランダムに小片サンプルを採取する。電子顕微鏡で各小片サンプルの写真を撮影し、その中の100本を無作為に抽出して繊維径を測定し、算術平均値を求める。
図2に示すようなメルトブロー口金(すなわちリップ下面側の拡幅壁面なし)を用い、不織布の製造を行った。原料樹脂として、ASTM-D1238に準拠し、おもり2.16Kg、温度230℃でのメルトフローレートが1100g/10分のポリプロピレン樹脂を用い、溶融樹脂温度280℃、ノズル孔数150個、ノズル吐出孔のピッチ1mm、ノズル孔径0.4mm、単孔吐出量0.1g/min、リップ下面における、熱風を供給するギャップ幅1.5mm、熱風流量560Nm3/(hr・m)、リップ下面とポリマー吐出方向が成す角度90°(β=90°)として、表1に示す条件で、不織布の製造を行った。試験結果を表1に示す。比較例1では、不織布をコンベアベルト上に捕集することができ、平均繊維径は1.1μmだった。
図1に示すようなメルトブロー口金(すなわちリップ下面側の拡幅壁面あり)を用い、不織布の製造を行った。原料樹脂として、ASTM-D1238に準拠し、おもり2.16Kg、温度230℃でのメルトフローレートが1100g/10分のポリプロピレン樹脂を用い、溶融樹脂温度280℃、ノズル孔数150個、ノズル吐出孔のピッチ1mm、ノズル孔径0.4mm、単孔吐出量0.1g/min、リップ下面における、熱風を供給するギャップ幅1.5mm、熱風流量560Nm3/(hr・m)、ヒーターによる拡幅部材の加熱はなし、として、表2~4に示す条件で、不織布の製造を行った。試験結果を表2~4に示す。
比較例3では、対向する拡幅壁面が成す角度αを50°に変更する以外は実施例2と同様にして、不織布の製造を試みたが、一方の壁面に気流が沿って流れて、不織布をコンベアベルト上に捕集することが出来なかった。
図2に示すようなメルトブロー口金(すなわちリップ下面側の拡幅壁面なし)を用い、ギャップ幅0.5mm、熱風流量450Nm3/(hr・m)、以外の条件は比較例1と同じ条件で、不織布の製造を行った。試験結果を表5に示す。比較例7では、不織布をコンベアベルト上に捕集することができ、平均繊維径は1.1μmだった。
図1に示すようなメルトブロー口金(すなわちリップ下面側の拡幅壁面あり)を用い、ギャップ幅0.5mm、熱風流量450Nm3/(hr・m)、対向する壁面が成す角度αを90°、リップ下面とポリマー吐出方向が成す角度βを90°、拡幅壁面のポリマー吐出方向の長さγを30mm、拡幅壁面の算術平均粗さRaを12.5μm、ヒーターによる拡幅部材の加熱はなし、として、表5に示す条件で不織布の製造を行った。
図1に示すようなメルトブロー口金(すなわちリップ下面側の拡幅壁面あり)を用い、ギャップ幅0.5mm、熱風流量450Nm3/(hr・m)、対向する壁面が成す角度αを90°、リップ下面とポリマー吐出方向が成す角度βを90°、拡幅壁面のポリマー吐出方向の長さγを30mm、拡幅壁面の算術平均粗さRaを12.5μm、プレート状のヒーターを用いて拡幅部材を2.0KW/mで加熱(加熱面:拡幅壁面の逆側面)して、表5に示す条件で不織布の製造を行った。
2 吐出孔
3 リップ
4 ギャップ
5 拡幅部材
6 拡幅壁面
7 吐出後の主なポリマーの軌跡
8 ポリマー導入管
9 メルトブロー口金
10 捕集ネットコンベア
11 ローラー
12 ウエブ
13 噴流部と噴流部でない領域の境界
X リップの下面とギャップを形成する壁面の交点
Y リップの下面と拡幅壁面の交点
α 対向する拡幅壁面が成す角度
β リップの下面とポリマー吐出方向が成す角度
γ 拡幅壁面のポリマー吐出方向の長さ
l 延伸区間の長さ
w 噴流幅
H 吐出孔を挟んで対向する交点Y間の間隔
P 吐出孔を挟んで対向する交点X間の間隔
Claims (7)
- 溶融したポリマーを吐出するための吐出孔が1列に配された吐出孔群を有するノズルと、前記ノズルの吐出孔群を挟んで対向するように配された一対のリップとの間に、スリット状のギャップを有し、前記吐出孔より吐出したポリマーに対して前記ギャップから気体を吹き付けて不織布を製造する装置であって、
前記吐出孔より吐出されるポリマーを挟んで対向するように、前記リップの下面を起点に、ポリマー吐出方向に延在する一対の拡幅壁面を配し、
前記一対の拡幅壁面の成す角度αが60°≦α≦120°の範囲であり、且つ、
前記リップの下面と前記ギャップを形成する壁面の交点をX、前記リップの下面と前記拡幅壁面の交点をYとしたとき、対向する交点X間の間隔Pと、対向する交点Y間の間隔Hとが、2≦H/P≦15の範囲である
ことを特徴とする不織布の製造装置。 - 前記リップの下面とポリマー吐出方向との成す角度βが、70°≦β≦120°である、請求項1に記載の不織布の製造装置。
- 前記拡幅壁面のポリマー吐出方向の長さγが10mm以上である、請求項1または2に記載の不織布の製造装置。
- 前記拡幅壁面がポリマー吐出方向と交差する方向に移動可能である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の不織布の製造装置。
- 前記拡幅壁面の算術平均粗さRaが100μm以下である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の不織布の製造装置。
- 前記拡幅壁面の加熱機構を有している、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の不織布の製造装置。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかの装置を用いた不織布の製造方法。
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JPS5167411A (ja) * | 1974-12-09 | 1976-06-11 | Asahi Chemical Ind | |
US6247911B1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2001-06-19 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation | Melt blowing die |
JP2003502524A (ja) * | 1999-06-21 | 2003-01-21 | キンバリー クラーク ワールドワイド インコーポレイテッド | メルトブロー装置用ダイ組立体 |
US20080122143A1 (en) * | 2006-11-28 | 2008-05-29 | Herman Peter K | Apparatus, system, and method for maximizing ultrafine meltblown fiber attenuation |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS5167411A (ja) * | 1974-12-09 | 1976-06-11 | Asahi Chemical Ind | |
US6247911B1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2001-06-19 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation | Melt blowing die |
JP2003502524A (ja) * | 1999-06-21 | 2003-01-21 | キンバリー クラーク ワールドワイド インコーポレイテッド | メルトブロー装置用ダイ組立体 |
US20080122143A1 (en) * | 2006-11-28 | 2008-05-29 | Herman Peter K | Apparatus, system, and method for maximizing ultrafine meltblown fiber attenuation |
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