WO2023000245A1 - Pll circuit and electronic device - Google Patents
Pll circuit and electronic device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023000245A1 WO2023000245A1 PCT/CN2021/107790 CN2021107790W WO2023000245A1 WO 2023000245 A1 WO2023000245 A1 WO 2023000245A1 CN 2021107790 W CN2021107790 W CN 2021107790W WO 2023000245 A1 WO2023000245 A1 WO 2023000245A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
- H03L7/089—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal the phase or frequency detector generating up-down pulses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
- H03L7/093—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal using special filtering or amplification characteristics in the loop
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- the present invention relates to the technical field of communication, and more specifically, relates to a PLL circuit and electronic equipment.
- a frequency divider is a basic circuit; it is usually used to divide a given frequency to obtain the desired target frequency.
- the frequency division coefficients are half-integer frequency dividers such as 2.5, 3.5, and 7.5.
- the present invention provides a PLL circuit and electronic equipment, the technical solution is as follows:
- a PLL circuit comprising: a charge pump and a current input module
- the charge pump is used to receive a control signal, and the control signal is used to control the charging current and the discharging current of the charge pump;
- One end of the current input module is connected to the voltage input end, and the other end is connected to the output end of the charge pump;
- the current input module is used to output target current.
- the difference between the discharge current and the charge current is equal to the target current.
- the current input module is a constant current source.
- the current input module is a load resistor
- the first end of the load resistor is connected to the voltage input end
- the second end of the load resistor is connected to the output end of the charge pump.
- the current input module includes: a triode, a first resistor, a second resistor, and first to third capacitors;
- the first end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor, and the connection node is connected to the base of the triode;
- the second end of the first resistor and the second end of the first capacitor are respectively grounded;
- the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the third capacitor are respectively connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the connection node is connected to the emitter of the triode;
- the second end of the second capacitor and the second end of the third capacitor are respectively grounded;
- the second end of the second resistor is connected to the voltage input end
- the collector of the triode is connected with the output terminal of the charge pump.
- the PLL circuit further includes: a loop filter
- the input end of the loop filter is connected to the output end of the charge pump
- the loop filter is used to generate a loop control voltage based on a sum of the charging current, the discharging current and the target current.
- the PLL circuit further includes: a voltage controlled oscillator;
- the input end of the voltage controlled oscillator is connected to the output end of the loop filter
- the output terminal of the voltage-controlled oscillator is used as the output terminal of the PLL circuit
- the loop control voltage is used to control the frequency of the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator.
- the PLL circuit further includes: a fractional frequency divider;
- the input end of the fractional frequency divider is connected to the output end of the voltage controlled oscillator
- the fractional frequency divider is used to receive the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and generate a feedback signal.
- the PLL circuit further includes: a frequency and phase detector;
- the first input terminal of the frequency and phase detector is used to receive the phase frequency signal
- the second input terminal of the frequency and phase detector is connected to the output terminal of the fractional frequency divider for receiving the feedback signal
- the output end of the frequency and phase detector is connected to the control end of the charge pump
- the frequency and phase detector is used to generate the control signal according to the phase frequency signal and the feedback signal.
- An electronic device comprising the PLL circuit described in any one of the above items.
- a PLL circuit provided by the present invention includes: a charge pump and a current input module; the charge pump is used to receive a control signal, and the control signal is used to control the charge current and discharge current of the charge pump; the current input module One end is connected to the voltage input end, and the other end is connected to the output end of the charge pump; the current input module is used to output the target current. That is to say, the PLL circuit changes the timing of the PLL circuit charge pump by connecting a current input module externally to the output end of the charge pump, and then changes the fractional modulation mode, thereby achieving the purpose of optimizing fractional spurs.
- the charge pump and frequency divider in the PLL circuit are integrated on the phase-locked loop chip, and the loop filter and voltage-controlled oscillator are set externally on the phase-locked loop chip; usually, the optimization of fractional spurs needs to rely on
- the PLL circuit provided by the present invention adds a current input module, which can change the timing of the charge pump of the PLL circuit, and then change the decimal modulation mode, so that the PLL circuit does not need to modify the fractional frequency division in the phase-locked loop chip
- the fractional spurs can be improved through the current input module connected to the output terminal of the charge pump of the phase-locked loop chip, so that the optimization of the fractional spurs of the PLL circuit does not depend on the phase-locked loop chip.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of waveforms when a traditional PLL circuit is locked
- Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of spurious analysis when a traditional PLL circuit is locked
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of waveforms when the PLL circuit is locked according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of spur analysis when the PLL circuit is locked according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is another equivalent schematic diagram of the spurious analysis schematic diagram shown in FIG. 13 .
- the invention provides a novel PLL circuit structure, which effectively suppresses the fractional spurs of the PLL circuit, and further improves the performance of the PLL circuit.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the PLL circuit includes: a charge pump CP and a current input module 11 .
- the charge pump CP is used for receiving a control signal, and the control signal is used for controlling the charging current and the discharging current of the charge pump CP.
- One terminal of the current input module 11 is connected to the voltage input terminal VCC, and the other terminal is connected to the output terminal of the charge pump CP.
- the current input module 11 is used to output target current.
- control signal is used to control the working state of the charge pump CP, and the working state of the charge pump CP at least includes a charging state and a discharging state; the charge pump CP is in a charging state for delivering Charging current; the charge pump CP is in a discharging state and is used to deliver the discharging current.
- a current input module 11 is connected to the output of the charge pump CP to change the timing of the charge pump in the PLL circuit, and then change the fractional modulation mode, so as to optimize the fractional spurious the goal of.
- the described charge pump of PLL circuit is integrated on the phase-locked loop chip, under normal circumstances, needs to depend on the phase-locked loop chip to the optimization of fractional stray, and the PLL circuit that the present invention provides is in the current pump of phase-locked loop chip
- a current input module is added to the output end, which can change the timing of the PLL circuit charge pump, and then change the fractional modulation mode, so that the PLL circuit does not need to change the fractional frequency division modulation method of the frequency divider integrated in the phase-locked loop chip.
- the current control module connected to the output terminal of the charge pump of the phase-locked loop chip is used to improve the fractional spurs. The optimization of the fractional spurs in this scheme does not depend on the phase-locked loop chip.
- the difference between the discharge current and the charge current is equal to the target current.
- the charging current has at least one current value that is not 0 in the working cycle, the ratio of the product of the absolute value of the current value and the maintenance time of the current value to the working cycle is the second ratio, and the discharging current and the charging current
- the difference between is the difference between the first ratio and the second ratio, that is, the difference between the first ratio and the second ratio is equal to the target current.
- the discharge current may also have multiple current values that are not 0 in one working cycle
- the first A ratio includes: obtaining the product of the absolute value of each non-zero current value and its respective maintenance time, and then obtaining the sum of each product, and the first ratio is the ratio of the sum to the duty cycle; similarly, when there are multiple non-zero currents in the charging current in one working cycle, the second ratio can be obtained according to the above calculation method.
- ISOURCE in Figure 10 represents the charging current, and in one working cycle, the charging current has 6 current values that are not 0, and obtaining the first ratio includes: obtaining the above 6 values that are not The product of the absolute value of the electric current of 0 and its respective maintenance time, obtain the sum value of each product again, described first ratio is the ratio of this sum value and duty cycle;
- I SINX represents charging current, in a duty cycle , the discharge current has 6 current values that are not 0, and obtaining the second ratio includes: obtaining the product of the absolute value of the above 6 current values that are not 0 and their respective maintenance times, and then obtaining the sum of each product, so The second ratio is the ratio of the sum to the duty cycle.
- the final output current of the charge pump and the current input module is a current obtained by superimposing the discharging current, the charging current and the target current.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the PLL circuit also includes: a loop filter LPF.
- the input end of the loop filter LPF is connected with the output end of the charge pump CP.
- the loop filter LPF is used for generating a loop control voltage based on the superimposed current of the charging current, the discharging current and the target current.
- the loop filter LPF performs filtering processing on the final output current of the charge pump CP and the current input module 11, and generates a loop control voltage CV.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the loop filter LPF is an RC filter or a linear filter.
- the loop filter LPF is an RC filter, which is composed of multiple capacitors C and multiple resistors R.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the PLL circuit also includes: a voltage-controlled oscillator VCO.
- the input end of the voltage controlled oscillator VCO is connected with the output end of the loop filter LPF.
- the loop control voltage CV is used to control the frequency of the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator VCO.
- the loop control voltage CV is used to control the frequency of the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO.
- the loop control voltage CV is at a high level, the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO
- the frequency of the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO increases; when the loop control voltage CV is at a low level, the frequency of the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO decreases.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the PLL circuit further includes: a fractional frequency divider DIV, and the fractional frequency divider and the current pump CP are integrated in a phase-locked loop chip.
- the input terminal of the fractional frequency divider DIV is connected with the output terminal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO.
- the fractional frequency divider DIV is used for receiving the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO and generating a feedback signal.
- the frequency division coefficient of the fractional frequency divider DIV is determined according to actual requirements, and then the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO is frequency-divided according to the frequency division coefficient to generate a feedback signal.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the PLL circuit further includes: a phase frequency detector PFD, and the phase frequency detector PFD, the fractional frequency divider and the current pump are all integrated in a phase locked loop chip.
- the first input terminal of the phase frequency detector PFD is used for receiving the phase frequency frequency signal V REF .
- the second input terminal of the phase frequency detector PFD is connected to the output terminal of the fractional frequency divider DIV for receiving the feedback signal V FB .
- the output terminal of the phase frequency detector PFD is connected to the control terminal of the charge pump CP.
- the phase frequency detector PFD is used for generating the control signal according to the phase frequency signal V REF and the feedback signal V FB .
- control signal is used to control the working state of the charge pump CP
- the working state of the charge pump CP includes at least a charging state and a discharging state; in the charging state, it is used to deliver a charging current; in the discharging state state for delivering the discharge current.
- the control loop controls the magnitude of the voltage CV.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the current input module 11 is a constant current source 12 .
- the constant current source 12 is a constant current source for outputting a preset target current.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the current input module 11 is a load resistor Rs.
- the first end of the load resistor Rs is connected to the voltage input end VCC.
- the second end of the load resistor Rs is connected to the output end of the charge pump CP.
- the resistance value of the load resistor Rs is determined according to the magnitude of the target current and the voltage at the voltage input terminal.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the current input module 11 includes: a transistor Q, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and first to third capacitors C1-C3.
- the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, and the connection node is connected to the base of the transistor Q.
- the second end of the first resistor R1 and the second end of the first capacitor C1 are respectively grounded.
- the first end of the second capacitor C2 and the first end of the third capacitor C3 are respectively connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the connection node is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q.
- the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 are respectively grounded.
- a second terminal of the second resistor R2 is connected to the voltage input terminal VCC.
- the collector of the transistor Q is connected to the output terminal of the charge pump CP.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic waveform diagram of a locked state of a traditional PLL circuit.
- V REF represents the reference frequency waveform of phase detection
- V FB represents the output signal waveform of the fractional frequency divider
- I SOURCE represents the waveform of the charging state of the charge pump
- I SINX represents the waveform of the discharging state of the charge pump
- I CP represents the final voltage of the charge pump output current waveform.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of spurious analysis when a conventional PLL circuit is locked.
- a time constant t 0 is set, and the time constant t 0 is the basic unit of the abscissa of the above-mentioned spurious distribution schematic diagram, namely t 1 , t 2 , t 3 , t 4 , t 5 , and t 6 are integer multiples of t 0.
- the distribution period of fractional spurs is 6*T, and the spurs brought by fractional frequency division are low.
- the entire PLL circuit has the greatest impact and is the most difficult to filter out.
- K represents the Fourier transform coefficient of the square wave
- I cp is a fixed value set according to the frequency output by the phase-locked loop circuit
- t 0 is also a set fixed value.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic waveform diagram of a locked state of a PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- V REF represents the reference frequency waveform of phase detection
- V FB represents the output signal waveform of the fractional frequency divider
- I SOURCE represents the waveform of the charging state of the charge pump
- I SINX represents the waveform of the discharging state of the charge pump
- I CP represents the final voltage of the charge pump output current waveform.
- I SINX is 4 ⁇ t 0 ⁇ I CP /T larger than I SOURCE .
- the stable condition of the traditional PLL circuit is: within a cycle T, the current of the current pump CP needs to meet the difference between the charging current and the discharging current to be 0, and the embodiment of the present application is at the output end of the current pump A constant current source is added, and its target current size is: 4 ⁇ t 0 ⁇ I CP /T, so in order to ensure the stability of the PLL circuit, I SINX is greater than I SOURCE by 4 ⁇ t 0 ⁇ I CP /T.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of spurious analysis when the PLL circuit is locked according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is another equivalent schematic diagram of the spurious analysis schematic diagram shown in FIG. 13 .
- the amplitude of the PLL circuit provided by the invention is lower than that of the traditional PLL circuit.
- a PLL circuit provided by the present invention connects a current input module externally to the output terminal of the charge pump to change the on/off timing of the charge pump in the PLL circuit, and then change the decimal modulation mode, so as to optimize the decimal complex. scattered purpose.
- the improved method has no dependence on the PLL circuit, does not require the PLL circuit to open any authority, and the cost of the improvement is very low.
- an electronic device is provided in another embodiment of the present invention, and the electronic device includes the PLL circuit described in the above-mentioned embodiments.
- each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.
- the description is relatively simple, and for the related information, please refer to the description of the method part.
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Abstract
Description
本发明涉及通信技术领域,更具体地说,涉及一种PLL电路及电子设备。The present invention relates to the technical field of communication, and more specifically, relates to a PLL circuit and electronic equipment.
在数字逻辑电路设计中,分频器是一种基本电路;其通常用于对某个给定频率进行分频,以得到所需要的目标频率。In digital logic circuit design, a frequency divider is a basic circuit; it is usually used to divide a given frequency to obtain the desired target frequency.
基于整数分频器而言,其实现方式较为简单,可采用标准的计数器,也可采用可编程逻辑器件设计实现。Based on the integer frequency divider, its implementation method is relatively simple, and can be realized by using a standard counter or a programmable logic device.
但是,在某些场合下,时钟源与所需要的目标频率不成整数倍关系时,此时需要采用小数分频器进行分频。比如,分频系数为2.5、3.5、7.5等半整数分频器。However, in some occasions, when the clock source and the required target frequency are not integer multiples, a fractional frequency divider is required for frequency division. For example, the frequency division coefficients are half-integer frequency dividers such as 2.5, 3.5, and 7.5.
进一步的,在PLL(Phase Locked Loop,锁相环)频率合成技术中,为了减小频率步进的同时保证低的带内相噪,也需要使用包括小数分频器的PLL电路。但是,使用小数分频必然会产生小数杂散,严重的情况会恶化接收和发射的指标。Furthermore, in the PLL (Phase Locked Loop, phase locked loop) frequency synthesis technology, in order to reduce the frequency step while ensuring low in-band phase noise, it is also necessary to use a PLL circuit including a fractional frequency divider. However, the use of fractional frequency division will inevitably produce fractional spurs, and severe cases will deteriorate the indicators of reception and transmission.
那么,如何对PLL电路的小数杂散进行抑制,是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。Then, how to suppress the fractional spurs of the PLL circuit is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,为解决上述问题,本发明提供一种PLL电路及电子设备,技术方案如下:In view of this, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a PLL circuit and electronic equipment, the technical solution is as follows:
一种PLL电路,所述PLL电路包括:电荷泵以及电流输入模块;A PLL circuit, the PLL circuit comprising: a charge pump and a current input module;
所述电荷泵用于接收控制信号,所述控制信号用于控制所述电荷泵的充电电流以及放电电流;The charge pump is used to receive a control signal, and the control signal is used to control the charging current and the discharging current of the charge pump;
所述电流输入模块的一端与电压输入端连接,另一端与所述电荷泵的输出 端连接;One end of the current input module is connected to the voltage input end, and the other end is connected to the output end of the charge pump;
所述电流输入模块用于输出目标电流。The current input module is used to output target current.
优选的,在上述PLL电路中,所述放电电流与所述充电电流的差值与所述目标电流相等。Preferably, in the above PLL circuit, the difference between the discharge current and the charge current is equal to the target current.
优选的,在上述PLL电路中,所述电流输入模块为恒定电流源。Preferably, in the above PLL circuit, the current input module is a constant current source.
优选的,在上述PLL电路中,所述电流输入模块为负载电阻;Preferably, in the above PLL circuit, the current input module is a load resistor;
其中,所述负载电阻的第一端与所述电压输入端连接;Wherein, the first end of the load resistor is connected to the voltage input end;
所述负载电阻的第二端与所述电荷泵的输出端连接。The second end of the load resistor is connected to the output end of the charge pump.
优选的,在上述PLL电路中,所述电流输入模块包括:三极管、第一电阻、第二电阻、第一至第三电容;Preferably, in the above PLL circuit, the current input module includes: a triode, a first resistor, a second resistor, and first to third capacitors;
其中,所述第一电阻的第一端与所述第一电容的第一端连接,且连接节点与所述三极管的基极连接;Wherein, the first end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor, and the connection node is connected to the base of the triode;
所述第一电阻的第二端、以及所述第一电容的第二端分别接地;The second end of the first resistor and the second end of the first capacitor are respectively grounded;
所述第二电容的第一端和所述第三电容的第一端分别与所述第二电阻的第一端连接,且连接节点与所述三极管的发射极连接;The first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the third capacitor are respectively connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the connection node is connected to the emitter of the triode;
所述第二电容的第二端、以及所述第三电容的第二端分别接地;The second end of the second capacitor and the second end of the third capacitor are respectively grounded;
所述第二电阻的第二端与所述电压输入端连接;The second end of the second resistor is connected to the voltage input end;
所述三极管的集电极与所述电荷泵的输出端连接。The collector of the triode is connected with the output terminal of the charge pump.
优选的,在上述PLL电路中,所述PLL电路还包括:环路滤波器;Preferably, in the above PLL circuit, the PLL circuit further includes: a loop filter;
其中,所述环路滤波器的输入端与所述电荷泵的输出端连接;Wherein, the input end of the loop filter is connected to the output end of the charge pump;
所述环路滤波器用于基于所述充电电流、所述放电电流以及所述目标电流三者叠加的和值,产生环路控制电压。The loop filter is used to generate a loop control voltage based on a sum of the charging current, the discharging current and the target current.
优选的,在上述PLL电路中,所述PLL电路还包括:压控振荡器;Preferably, in the above PLL circuit, the PLL circuit further includes: a voltage controlled oscillator;
其中,所述压控振荡器的输入端与所述环路滤波器的输出端连接;Wherein, the input end of the voltage controlled oscillator is connected to the output end of the loop filter;
所述压控振荡器的输出端作为所述PLL电路的输出端;The output terminal of the voltage-controlled oscillator is used as the output terminal of the PLL circuit;
所述环路控制电压用于控制所述压控振荡器的输出信号的频率。The loop control voltage is used to control the frequency of the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator.
优选的,在上述PLL电路中,所述PLL电路还包括:小数分频器;Preferably, in the above PLL circuit, the PLL circuit further includes: a fractional frequency divider;
所述小数分频器的输入端与所述压控振荡器的输出端连接;The input end of the fractional frequency divider is connected to the output end of the voltage controlled oscillator;
所述小数分频器用于接收所述压控振荡器的输出信号,并产生反馈信号。The fractional frequency divider is used to receive the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and generate a feedback signal.
优选的,在上述PLL电路中,所述PLL电路还包括:鉴频鉴相器;Preferably, in the above PLL circuit, the PLL circuit further includes: a frequency and phase detector;
所述鉴频鉴相器的第一输入端用于接收鉴相频率信号;The first input terminal of the frequency and phase detector is used to receive the phase frequency signal;
所述鉴频鉴相器的第二输入端与所述小数分频器的输出端连接,用于接收所述反馈信号;The second input terminal of the frequency and phase detector is connected to the output terminal of the fractional frequency divider for receiving the feedback signal;
所述鉴频鉴相器的输出端与所述电荷泵的控制端连接;The output end of the frequency and phase detector is connected to the control end of the charge pump;
所述鉴频鉴相器用于依据所述鉴相频率信号以及所述反馈信号,生成所述控制信号。The frequency and phase detector is used to generate the control signal according to the phase frequency signal and the feedback signal.
一种电子设备,所述电子设备包括上述任一项所述的PLL电路。An electronic device, comprising the PLL circuit described in any one of the above items.
与现有技术相比,本申请的有益效果为:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:
本发明提供的一种PLL电路包括:电荷泵以及电流输入模块;所述电荷泵用于接收控制信号,所述控制信号用于控制所述电荷泵的充电电流以及放电电流;所述电流输入模块的一端与电压输入端连接,另一端与所述电荷泵的输出端连接;所述电流输入模块用于输出目标电流。也就是说,该PLL电路通过在电荷泵的输出端外接一个电流输入模块,以此改变PLL电路电荷泵的时序,进而改变小数调制方式,从而达到优化小数杂散的目的。并且,PLL电路内的电荷泵和分频器集成在锁相环芯片上,环路滤波器和压控振荡器设置外置于锁相环芯片;通常情况下,对小数杂散的优化需要依赖于锁相环芯片,而本发明提供的PLL电路增加了电流输入模块,能够改变PLL电路电荷泵的时序,进而改变小数调制方式,使得所述PLL电路不用在锁相环芯片中修改小数分频调制方法,可以通过与锁相环芯片的电荷泵输出端相连的电流输入模块,来改善小数杂散,使得所述PLL电路小数杂散的优化不依赖于锁相环芯片。A PLL circuit provided by the present invention includes: a charge pump and a current input module; the charge pump is used to receive a control signal, and the control signal is used to control the charge current and discharge current of the charge pump; the current input module One end is connected to the voltage input end, and the other end is connected to the output end of the charge pump; the current input module is used to output the target current. That is to say, the PLL circuit changes the timing of the PLL circuit charge pump by connecting a current input module externally to the output end of the charge pump, and then changes the fractional modulation mode, thereby achieving the purpose of optimizing fractional spurs. Moreover, the charge pump and frequency divider in the PLL circuit are integrated on the phase-locked loop chip, and the loop filter and voltage-controlled oscillator are set externally on the phase-locked loop chip; usually, the optimization of fractional spurs needs to rely on In the phase-locked loop chip, the PLL circuit provided by the present invention adds a current input module, which can change the timing of the charge pump of the PLL circuit, and then change the decimal modulation mode, so that the PLL circuit does not need to modify the fractional frequency division in the phase-locked loop chip In the modulation method, the fractional spurs can be improved through the current input module connected to the output terminal of the charge pump of the phase-locked loop chip, so that the optimization of the fractional spurs of the PLL circuit does not depend on the phase-locked loop chip.
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述 中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种PLL电路的原理示意图;FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的另一种PLL电路的原理示意图;FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图;FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图;FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图;FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图;FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图;FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图;FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图9为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图;FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图10为传统PLL电路锁定时的波形示意图;FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of waveforms when a traditional PLL circuit is locked;
图11为传统PLL电路锁定时的杂散分析示意图;Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of spurious analysis when a traditional PLL circuit is locked;
图12为本发明实施例提供的PLL电路锁定时的波形示意图;12 is a schematic diagram of waveforms when the PLL circuit is locked according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图13为本发明实施例提供的PLL电路锁定时的杂散分析示意图;13 is a schematic diagram of spur analysis when the PLL circuit is locked according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图14为图13所示杂散分析示意图的另一等效示意图。FIG. 14 is another equivalent schematic diagram of the spurious analysis schematic diagram shown in FIG. 13 .
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.
本发明提供了一种新型的PLL电路结构,对PLL电路的小数杂散实现了有效的抑制,进而提高了PLL电路的性能。The invention provides a novel PLL circuit structure, which effectively suppresses the fractional spurs of the PLL circuit, and further improves the performance of the PLL circuit.
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
参考图1,图1为本发明实施例提供的一种PLL电路的原理示意图。Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
所述PLL电路包括:电荷泵CP以及电流输入模块11。The PLL circuit includes: a charge pump CP and a current input module 11 .
所述电荷泵CP用于接收控制信号,所述控制信号用于控制所述电荷泵CP的充电电流以及放电电流。The charge pump CP is used for receiving a control signal, and the control signal is used for controlling the charging current and the discharging current of the charge pump CP.
所述电流输入模块11的一端与电压输入端VCC连接,另一端与所述电荷泵CP的输出端连接。One terminal of the current input module 11 is connected to the voltage input terminal VCC, and the other terminal is connected to the output terminal of the charge pump CP.
所述电流输入模块11用于输出目标电流。The current input module 11 is used to output target current.
在该实施例中,所述控制信号用于控制所述电荷泵CP的工作状态,所述电荷泵CP的工作状态至少包括充电状态和放电状态;所述电荷泵CP处于充电状态,用于输送充电电流;所述电荷泵CP处于放电状态,用于输送放电电流。In this embodiment, the control signal is used to control the working state of the charge pump CP, and the working state of the charge pump CP at least includes a charging state and a discharging state; the charge pump CP is in a charging state for delivering Charging current; the charge pump CP is in a discharging state and is used to deliver the discharging current.
进一步的,基于目前电荷泵CP的PLL电路结构,通过在电荷泵CP的输出端外接一个电流输入模块11,以此改变PLL电路电荷泵的时序,进而改变小数调制方式,从而达到优化小数杂散的目的。Furthermore, based on the current PLL circuit structure of the charge pump CP, a current input module 11 is connected to the output of the charge pump CP to change the timing of the charge pump in the PLL circuit, and then change the fractional modulation mode, so as to optimize the fractional spurious the goal of.
并且,PLL电路的所述电荷泵集成在锁相环芯片上,通常情况下,对小数杂散的优化需要依赖于锁相环芯片,而本发明提供的PLL电路在锁相环芯片的电流泵输出端增加了电流输入模块,能够改变PLL电路电荷泵的时序,进而改变小数调制方式,使得所述PLL电路不用改变锁相环芯片中集成的分频器的小数分频调制方法,可以通过与锁相环芯片的电荷泵输出端相连的电流控制模块,来改善小数杂散,本方案对小数杂散的优化不依赖于锁相环芯片。And, the described charge pump of PLL circuit is integrated on the phase-locked loop chip, under normal circumstances, needs to depend on the phase-locked loop chip to the optimization of fractional stray, and the PLL circuit that the present invention provides is in the current pump of phase-locked loop chip A current input module is added to the output end, which can change the timing of the PLL circuit charge pump, and then change the fractional modulation mode, so that the PLL circuit does not need to change the fractional frequency division modulation method of the frequency divider integrated in the phase-locked loop chip. The current control module connected to the output terminal of the charge pump of the phase-locked loop chip is used to improve the fractional spurs. The optimization of the fractional spurs in this scheme does not depend on the phase-locked loop chip.
进一步的,基于本发明上述实施例,所述放电电流与所述充电电流的差值与所述目标电流相等。需要说明的是,在一个工作周期中所述放电电流存在至少一个不为0的电流值,该电流值的绝对值与该电流值维持时间的乘积同工作周期的比值为第一比值,在一个工作周期中所述充电电流存在至少一个不为0的电流值,该电流值的绝对值与该电流值维持时间的乘积同工作周期的比值为第二比值,所述放电电流与所述充电电流之间的差值为第一比值和第二比值之间的差值,即所述第一比值和所述第二比值之间的差值与所述目标电流相等。还需要说明的是,在一个工作周期中所述放电电流还可以存在多个不为0的电流值,当在一个工作周期中所述放电电流存在多个不为0的电流值时,得到第一比值包括:得到各个不为0的电流值的绝对值与其各自维持时间的乘积,再得到各个乘积的和值,所述第一比值为该和值与工作周期的比值;同理,当在一个工作周期中所述充电电流存在多个不为0的电流时,可以根据上述计算方 法,得到第二比值。Further, based on the above embodiments of the present invention, the difference between the discharge current and the charge current is equal to the target current. It should be noted that there is at least one current value of the discharge current that is not 0 in a working cycle, and the ratio of the product of the absolute value of the current value and the maintenance time of the current value to the working cycle is the first ratio, in a The charging current has at least one current value that is not 0 in the working cycle, the ratio of the product of the absolute value of the current value and the maintenance time of the current value to the working cycle is the second ratio, and the discharging current and the charging current The difference between is the difference between the first ratio and the second ratio, that is, the difference between the first ratio and the second ratio is equal to the target current. It should also be noted that the discharge current may also have multiple current values that are not 0 in one working cycle, and when the discharging current has multiple current values that are not 0 in one working cycle, the first A ratio includes: obtaining the product of the absolute value of each non-zero current value and its respective maintenance time, and then obtaining the sum of each product, and the first ratio is the ratio of the sum to the duty cycle; similarly, when When there are multiple non-zero currents in the charging current in one working cycle, the second ratio can be obtained according to the above calculation method.
具体的,如图12所示,图10中I SOURCE代表充电电流,在一个工作周期中,所述充电电流存在6个不为0的电流值,得到第一比值包括:得到上述6个不为0的电流的绝对值与其各自维持时间的乘积,再得到各个乘积的和值,所述第一比值为该和值与工作周期的比值;图10中I SINX代表充电电流,在一个工作周期中,所述放电电流存在6个不为0的电流值,得到第二比值包括:得到上述6个不为0的电流值的绝对值与其各自维持时间的乘积,再得到各个乘积的和值,所述第二比值为该和值与工作周期的比值。 Specifically, as shown in Figure 12, ISOURCE in Figure 10 represents the charging current, and in one working cycle, the charging current has 6 current values that are not 0, and obtaining the first ratio includes: obtaining the above 6 values that are not The product of the absolute value of the electric current of 0 and its respective maintenance time, obtain the sum value of each product again, described first ratio is the ratio of this sum value and duty cycle; Among Fig. 10, I SINX represents charging current, in a duty cycle , the discharge current has 6 current values that are not 0, and obtaining the second ratio includes: obtaining the product of the absolute value of the above 6 current values that are not 0 and their respective maintenance times, and then obtaining the sum of each product, so The second ratio is the ratio of the sum to the duty cycle.
在该实施例中,所述电荷泵和所述电流输入模块最终输出的电流为:所述放电电流、所述充电电流和所述目标电流叠加之后的电流。In this embodiment, the final output current of the charge pump and the current input module is a current obtained by superimposing the discharging current, the charging current and the target current.
进一步的,基于本发明上述实施例,参考图2,图2为本发明实施例提供的另一种PLL电路的原理示意图。Further, based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
所述PLL电路还包括:环路滤波器LPF。The PLL circuit also includes: a loop filter LPF.
其中,所述环路滤波器LPF的输入端与所述电荷泵CP的输出端连接。Wherein, the input end of the loop filter LPF is connected with the output end of the charge pump CP.
所述环路滤波器LPF用于基于所述充电电流、所述放电电流以及所述目标电流叠加之后的电流,产生环路控制电压。The loop filter LPF is used for generating a loop control voltage based on the superimposed current of the charging current, the discharging current and the target current.
在该实施例中,所述环路滤波器LPF对所述电荷泵CP和所述电流输入模块11最终输出的电流进行滤波处理,并生成环路控制电压CV。In this embodiment, the loop filter LPF performs filtering processing on the final output current of the charge pump CP and the current input module 11, and generates a loop control voltage CV.
可选的,参考图3,图3为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图。Optionally, refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
所述环路滤波器LPF为RC滤波器或线性滤波器。The loop filter LPF is an RC filter or a linear filter.
如图3所示,所述环路滤波器LPF为RC滤波器,其由多个电容C和多个电阻R构成。As shown in FIG. 3 , the loop filter LPF is an RC filter, which is composed of multiple capacitors C and multiple resistors R.
进一步的,基于本发明上述实施例,参考图4,图4为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图。Further, based on the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
所述PLL电路还包括:压控振荡器VCO。The PLL circuit also includes: a voltage-controlled oscillator VCO.
其中,所述压控振荡器VCO的输入端与所述环路滤波器LPF的输出端连接。Wherein, the input end of the voltage controlled oscillator VCO is connected with the output end of the loop filter LPF.
所述环路控制电压CV用于控制所述压控振荡器VCO的输出信号的频率。The loop control voltage CV is used to control the frequency of the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator VCO.
在该实施例中,所述环路控制电压CV用于控制所述压控振荡器VCO的输出信号的频率,一般情况下,环路控制电压CV为高电平时,所述压控振荡器VCO的输出信号的频率增大;环路控制电压CV为低电平时,所述压控振荡器VCO的输出信号的频率减小。In this embodiment, the loop control voltage CV is used to control the frequency of the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO. Generally, when the loop control voltage CV is at a high level, the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO The frequency of the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO increases; when the loop control voltage CV is at a low level, the frequency of the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO decreases.
进一步的,基于本发明上述实施例,参考图5,图5为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图。Further, based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
所述PLL电路还包括:小数分频器DIV,所述小数分频器同所述电流泵CP均集成在锁相环芯片中。The PLL circuit further includes: a fractional frequency divider DIV, and the fractional frequency divider and the current pump CP are integrated in a phase-locked loop chip.
所述小数分频器DIV的输入端与所述压控振荡器VCO的输出端连接。The input terminal of the fractional frequency divider DIV is connected with the output terminal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO.
所述小数分频器DIV用于接收所述压控振荡器VCO的输出信号,并产生反馈信号。The fractional frequency divider DIV is used for receiving the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO and generating a feedback signal.
在该实施例中,所述小数分频器DIV的分频系数根据实际要求而定,进而依据分频系数对压控振荡器VCO的输出信号进行分频处理,生成反馈信号。In this embodiment, the frequency division coefficient of the fractional frequency divider DIV is determined according to actual requirements, and then the output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator VCO is frequency-divided according to the frequency division coefficient to generate a feedback signal.
进一步的,基于本发明上述实施例,参考图6,图6为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图。Further, based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, refer to FIG. 6 , which is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
所述PLL电路还包括:鉴频鉴相器PFD,所述鉴频鉴相器PFD同所述小数分频器以及所述电流泵均集成在锁相环芯片中。The PLL circuit further includes: a phase frequency detector PFD, and the phase frequency detector PFD, the fractional frequency divider and the current pump are all integrated in a phase locked loop chip.
所述鉴频鉴相器PFD的第一输入端用于接收鉴相频率信号V REF。 The first input terminal of the phase frequency detector PFD is used for receiving the phase frequency frequency signal V REF .
所述鉴频鉴相器PFD的第二输入端与所述小数分频器DIV的输出端连接,用于接收所述反馈信号V FB。 The second input terminal of the phase frequency detector PFD is connected to the output terminal of the fractional frequency divider DIV for receiving the feedback signal V FB .
所述鉴频鉴相器PFD的输出端与所述电荷泵CP的控制端连接。The output terminal of the phase frequency detector PFD is connected to the control terminal of the charge pump CP.
所述鉴频鉴相器PFD用于依据所述鉴相频率信号V REF以及所述反馈信号V FB,生成所述控制信号。 The phase frequency detector PFD is used for generating the control signal according to the phase frequency signal V REF and the feedback signal V FB .
在该实施例中,所述控制信号用于控制所述电荷泵CP的工作状态,所述电荷泵CP的工作状态至少包括充电状态和放电状态;在充电状态,用于输送充电电流;在放电状态,用于输送放电电流。进而控制环路控制电压CV的大小。In this embodiment, the control signal is used to control the working state of the charge pump CP, and the working state of the charge pump CP includes at least a charging state and a discharging state; in the charging state, it is used to deliver a charging current; in the discharging state state for delivering the discharge current. Then the control loop controls the magnitude of the voltage CV.
进一步的,基于本发明上述实施例,参考图7,图7为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图。Further, based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, refer to FIG. 7 , which is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
所述电流输入模块11为恒定电流源12。The current input module 11 is a constant
在该实施例中,所述恒定电流源12为恒定电流源,用于输出预设的目标电流。In this embodiment, the constant
进一步的,基于本发明上述实施例,参考图8,图8为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图。Further, based on the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, refer to FIG. 8 , which is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
所述电流输入模块11为负载电阻Rs。The current input module 11 is a load resistor Rs.
其中,所述负载电阻Rs的第一端与所述电压输入端VCC连接。Wherein, the first end of the load resistor Rs is connected to the voltage input end VCC.
所述负载电阻Rs的第二端与所述电荷泵CP的输出端连接。The second end of the load resistor Rs is connected to the output end of the charge pump CP.
在该实施例中,所述负载电阻Rs的阻值根据目标电流的大小,以及电压输入端的电压而定。In this embodiment, the resistance value of the load resistor Rs is determined according to the magnitude of the target current and the voltage at the voltage input terminal.
进一步的,基于本发明上述实施例,参考图9,图9为本发明实施例提供的又一种PLL电路的原理示意图。Further, based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, refer to FIG. 9 , which is a schematic schematic diagram of another PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
所述电流输入模块11包括:三极管Q、第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2、第一至第三电容C1-C3。The current input module 11 includes: a transistor Q, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and first to third capacitors C1-C3.
其中,所述第一电阻R1的第一端与所述第一电容C1的第一端连接,且连接节点与所述三极管Q的基极连接。Wherein, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, and the connection node is connected to the base of the transistor Q.
所述第一电阻R1的第二端、以及所述第一电容C1的第二端分别接地。The second end of the first resistor R1 and the second end of the first capacitor C1 are respectively grounded.
所述第二电容C2的第一端和所述第三电容C3的第一端分别与所述第二电阻R2的第一端连接,且连接节点与所述三极管Q的发射极连接。The first end of the second capacitor C2 and the first end of the third capacitor C3 are respectively connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the connection node is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q.
所述第二电容C2的第二端、以及所述第三电容C3的第二端分别接地。The second terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 are respectively grounded.
所述第二电阻R2的第二端与所述电压输入端VCC连接。A second terminal of the second resistor R2 is connected to the voltage input terminal VCC.
所述三极管Q的集电极与所述电荷泵CP的输出端连接。The collector of the transistor Q is connected to the output terminal of the charge pump CP.
进一步的,基于本发明上述全部实施例,下面对本发明提供的PLL电路的原理再次进行阐述:Further, based on all the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, the principle of the PLL circuit provided by the present invention will be described again below:
首先,基于传统PLL电路的小数杂散情况进行分析。First, analyze the fractional spurs based on the traditional PLL circuit.
比如要实现N+1/6的分频,在6次分频中,其中5次进行N分频,1次进行N+1分频,那么累积分频数为(5·N+(N+1))/6=N+1/6。For example, to achieve N+1/6 frequency division, in 6 frequency divisions, 5 times of N frequency division, 1 time of N+1 frequency division, then the cumulative frequency division number is (5·N+(N+1 ))/6=N+1/6.
参考图10,图10为传统PLL电路锁定状态的波形示意图。Referring to FIG. 10 , FIG. 10 is a schematic waveform diagram of a locked state of a traditional PLL circuit.
其中,V REF表示鉴相参考频率波形;V FB表示小数分频器的输出信号波形;I SOURCE表示电荷泵充电状态的波形;I SINX表示电荷泵放电状态的波形;I CP表示电荷泵最终的输出电流波形。 Among them, V REF represents the reference frequency waveform of phase detection; V FB represents the output signal waveform of the fractional frequency divider; I SOURCE represents the waveform of the charging state of the charge pump; I SINX represents the waveform of the discharging state of the charge pump; I CP represents the final voltage of the charge pump output current waveform.
参考图11,图11为传统PLL电路锁定时的杂散分析示意图。Referring to FIG. 11 , FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of spurious analysis when a conventional PLL circuit is locked.
假设鉴频鉴相器的鉴相参考频率的周期为T,为了方便分析,设定时间常数t 0,所述时间常数t 0为上述杂散分许示意图横坐标的基本单位,即t 1、t 2、t 3、t 4、t 5、t 6为t 0的整数倍,对于1/6分频而言,小数杂散分布周期为6*T,小数分频带来的杂散低,对整个PLL电路的影响最大,最难以滤除。 Assuming that the period of the phase detection reference frequency of the frequency and phase detector is T, in order to facilitate the analysis, a time constant t 0 is set, and the time constant t 0 is the basic unit of the abscissa of the above-mentioned spurious distribution schematic diagram, namely t 1 , t 2 , t 3 , t 4 , t 5 , and t 6 are integer multiples of t 0. For 1/6 frequency division, the distribution period of fractional spurs is 6*T, and the spurs brought by fractional frequency division are low. The entire PLL circuit has the greatest impact and is the most difficult to filter out.
如图11所示,对于每一个杂散点相位,存在以下关系:As shown in Figure 11, for each spurious point phase, the following relationship exists:
θ 1=θ(t 1)=θ(t 4)-π; θ 1 = θ(t 1 ) = θ(t 4 )-π;
θ 2=θ(t 2)=θ(t 5)-π; θ 2 = θ(t 2 ) = θ(t 5 )-π;
θ 3=θ(t 3)=θ(t 6)-π。 θ 3 =θ(t 3 )=θ(t 6 )−π.
那么,对周期为6*T的杂散信号进行傅里叶变换,令其频率为ω 0,只取基波项可得: Then, perform Fourier transform on the spurious signal whose period is 6*T, let its frequency be ω 0 , and only take the fundamental wave item:
f(t)=I cp·K·6t 0·[sin(ω 0·t+θ 1)+sin(ω 0·t+θ 2)+sin(ω 0·t+θ 3)] f(t)=I cp ·K·6t 0 ·[sin(ω 0 ·t+θ 1 )+sin(ω 0 ·t+θ 2 )+sin(ω 0 ·t+θ 3 )]
其中,K表示方波的傅里叶变换系数,I cp是根据锁相环电路输出的频率设定的固定值,t 0也是设定的固定值。 Among them, K represents the Fourier transform coefficient of the square wave, I cp is a fixed value set according to the frequency output by the phase-locked loop circuit, and t 0 is also a set fixed value.
由此可得,传统PLL电路的小数杂散情况。It can be obtained from this, the fractional spurious situation of the traditional PLL circuit.
其次,基于本发明实施例提供的PLL电路的小数杂散情况进行分析。Secondly, analysis is performed based on the fractional spurs of the PLL circuit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
参考图12,图12为本发明实施例提供的PLL电路锁定状态的波形示意图。Referring to FIG. 12 , FIG. 12 is a schematic waveform diagram of a locked state of a PLL circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
例如在电荷泵的输出端外加一个恒定电流源,并设定其输出的目标电流大小为:4·t 0·I CP/T;其锁定波形如图12所示。 For example, add a constant current source to the output of the charge pump, and set the output target current as: 4·t 0 ·I CP /T; the locking waveform is shown in Figure 12.
其中,V REF表示鉴相参考频率波形;V FB表示小数分频器的输出信号波形;I SOURCE表示电荷泵充电状态的波形;I SINX表示电荷泵放电状态的波形;I CP表示电荷泵最终的输出电流波形。 Among them, V REF represents the reference frequency waveform of phase detection; V FB represents the output signal waveform of the fractional frequency divider; I SOURCE represents the waveform of the charging state of the charge pump; I SINX represents the waveform of the discharging state of the charge pump; I CP represents the final voltage of the charge pump output current waveform.
此时,I SINX比I SOURCE大4·t 0·I CP/T。需要说明的是,传统PLL电路的稳定条件为:在一个周期T内,电流泵CP的电流需要满足充电电流与放电电流之间的差值为0,而本申请实施例在电流泵的输出端增加了恒定电流源,且其目标电流大小为:4·t 0·I CP/T,从而为了保证PLL电路的稳定,I SINX比I SOURCE大4·t 0·I CP/T。 At this time, I SINX is 4·t 0 ·I CP /T larger than I SOURCE . It should be noted that the stable condition of the traditional PLL circuit is: within a cycle T, the current of the current pump CP needs to meet the difference between the charging current and the discharging current to be 0, and the embodiment of the present application is at the output end of the current pump A constant current source is added, and its target current size is: 4·t 0 ·I CP /T, so in order to ensure the stability of the PLL circuit, I SINX is greater than I SOURCE by 4·t 0 ·I CP /T.
参考图13,图13为本发明实施例提供的PLL电路锁定时的杂散分析示意图,I 11代表恒定电流源的波形,实际上的I CP变为了I CP1,且I CP-I CP1=4·t 0·I CP/T。 Referring to FIG. 13 , FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of spurious analysis when the PLL circuit is locked according to the embodiment of the present invention. I 11 represents the waveform of a constant current source, and the actual I CP becomes I CP1 , and I CP -I CP1 =4 · t 0 · ICP /T.
参考图14,图14为图13所示杂散分析示意图的另一等效示意图。Referring to FIG. 14 , FIG. 14 is another equivalent schematic diagram of the spurious analysis schematic diagram shown in FIG. 13 .
采用上述相同的方法对I CP1进行傅里叶变换可得: Using the same method as above to perform Fourier transform on I CP1 :
f 1(t)=I CP·K·6·t 0·[(1-8·t 0/(3·T))Sin(ω 0·t+θ 1)+(1-4·t 0/T)Sin(ω 0·t+θ 2)+(1-4·t 0/T)Sin(ω 0·t+θ 3)] f 1 (t)=I CP ·K·6·t 0 ·[(1-8·t 0 /(3·T))Sin(ω 0 ·t+θ 1 )+(1-4·t 0 / T)Sin(ω 0 ·t+θ 2 )+(1-4·t 0 /T)Sin(ω 0 ·t+θ 3 )]
那么通过对比f(t)和f 1(t)可知,对于相同相位的信号幅度,f 1(t)比f(t)要低一些,即: Then by comparing f(t) and f 1 (t), we can know that for the signal amplitude of the same phase, f 1 (t) is lower than f(t), that is:
对于杂散信号的基波而言,使用本发明提供的PLL电路,其幅度比传统的PLL电路的幅度要低一些。For the fundamental wave of the stray signal, the amplitude of the PLL circuit provided by the invention is lower than that of the traditional PLL circuit.
在一些具体的实践过程中发现,可优化15dB左右。It is found in some specific practice that it can be optimized by about 15dB.
通过上述描述可知,本发明提供的一种PLL电路通过在电荷泵的输出端外接一个电流输入模块,以此改变PLL电路电荷泵的开/关时序,进而改变小数调制方式,从而达到优化小数杂散的目的。It can be seen from the above description that a PLL circuit provided by the present invention connects a current input module externally to the output terminal of the charge pump to change the on/off timing of the charge pump in the PLL circuit, and then change the decimal modulation mode, so as to optimize the decimal complex. scattered purpose.
并且,该改进方式对PLL电路没有依赖性,不需要PLL电路开放任何权限,且改进的成本很低。Moreover, the improved method has no dependence on the PLL circuit, does not require the PLL circuit to open any authority, and the cost of the improvement is very low.
基于本发明上述全部实施例,在本发明另一实施例中还提供了一种电子设备,所述电子设备包括上述实施例所述的PLL电路。Based on all the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, an electronic device is provided in another embodiment of the present invention, and the electronic device includes the PLL circuit described in the above-mentioned embodiments.
以上对本发明所提供的一种PLL电路及电子设备进行了详细介绍,本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。Above, a kind of PLL circuit and electronic equipment provided by the present invention have been introduced in detail. In this paper, specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention. and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and scope of application. limits.
需要说明的是,本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言,由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应,所以描述的比较简单,相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。It should be noted that each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts in each embodiment, refer to each other, that is, Can. As for the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the related information, please refer to the description of the method part.
还需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素,或者是还包括为这些过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should also be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that these entities or operations Any such actual relationship or order exists between. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that elements inherent in a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements are included, or are also included as such , method, article or device inherent in the elements. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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