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WO2022267041A1 - 一种无级变速装置、传动装置和自行车 - Google Patents

一种无级变速装置、传动装置和自行车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022267041A1
WO2022267041A1 PCT/CN2021/102507 CN2021102507W WO2022267041A1 WO 2022267041 A1 WO2022267041 A1 WO 2022267041A1 CN 2021102507 W CN2021102507 W CN 2021102507W WO 2022267041 A1 WO2022267041 A1 WO 2022267041A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
transmission
installation shaft
continuously variable
pawl
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/102507
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘岩
Original Assignee
刘岩
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 刘岩 filed Critical 刘岩
Priority to PCT/CN2021/102507 priority Critical patent/WO2022267041A1/zh
Priority to CN202180093618.5A priority patent/CN116867706A/zh
Publication of WO2022267041A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022267041A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M9/00Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
    • B62M9/04Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio
    • B62M9/06Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like
    • B62M9/08Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like involving eccentrically- mounted or elliptically-shaped driving or driven wheel; with expansible driving or driven wheel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H35/00Gearings or mechanisms with other special functional features
    • F16H35/02Gearings or mechanisms with other special functional features for conveying rotary motion with cyclically varying velocity ratio

Definitions

  • This article relates to but not limited to the technical field of mechanical transmission, especially to but not limited to a continuously variable transmission device, a transmission device and a bicycle.
  • Variable speed bicycles are usually manual transmission, multi-stage transmission.
  • a continuously variable transmission comprising:
  • the disc assembly includes a first installation shaft, a first disc that is rotatably installed on the first installation shaft, and a second disc that is circumferentially fixedly installed on the first installation shaft, the The first wheel is rotatably mounted on the first installation shaft, the second wheel is fixedly mounted on the first installation shaft in the circumferential direction, and the first wheel is provided with a plurality of first rail grooves, the second wheel is provided with a plurality of second rail grooves arranged in the circumferential direction, and the ends of the first rail grooves and the second rail grooves are close to the first installation shaft, the other end of which is far away from the first installation shaft;
  • the first transmission wheel assembly includes a plurality of first transmission wheels and a plurality of second installation shafts, and the plurality of second installation shafts, the plurality of first rail grooves and the plurality of second rail grooves correspond one-to-one , the second installation shaft passes through the corresponding first rail groove and the second rail groove, and the plurality of first transmission wheels are installed on the plurality of second installation shafts in a one-to-one correspondence, And a plurality of said first transmission wheels are configured to drive and cooperate with the second transmission wheels through a transmission belt; and
  • a driving device configured to drive the first wheel to rotate relative to the second wheel
  • the first transmission wheel is configured to move along the second rail groove toward a side close to or away from the first installation shaft when the first wheel rotates relative to the second wheel.
  • a transmission mechanism includes the above-mentioned continuously variable transmission device, a transmission belt and a second transmission wheel, and a plurality of the first transmission wheels and the second transmission wheels of the continuously variable transmission device are connected through the transmission belt.
  • a bicycle includes the above transmission mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a continuously variable transmission device described in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the continuously variable transmission device described in the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the continuously variable transmission device described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first wheel of the continuously variable transmission device described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the second wheel of the continuously variable transmission device described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the third wheel of the continuously variable transmission device described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a first structural schematic diagram of the control assembly of the continuously variable transmission device described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the control assembly of the continuously variable transmission device described in the embodiment of the present application without the gland;
  • FIG. 9 is a second structural schematic diagram of the control assembly of the continuously variable transmission device described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the first transmission member of the continuously variable transmission device described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the first transmission member of the continuously variable transmission device described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission device described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • 100-roulette assembly 101-first roulette, 102-second roulette, 103-third roulette, 104-first installation shaft, 105-first rail groove, 106-second rail groove, 107- The third rail groove, 108-mounting plate, 109-connecting sleeve, 110-end shaft sleeve, 111-bearing seat, 112-bottom bracket, 113-first fixing hole, 114-arc hole, 115-second fixing hole , 116-support shaft sleeve, 117-elastic element fixing sleeve, 118-the third fixing hole,
  • 400-non-return mechanism 401-mounting seat, 402-ratchet, 403-non-return pawl, 404-non-return pawl elastic part, 405-non-return pawl paddle, 406-non-return pawl paddle elastic part , 407-cam, 408-gland, 409-first shaft, 410-guide groove, 411-protrusion,
  • 500-locking mechanism 501-locking pawl, 502-locking pawl elastic part, 503-locking pawl paddle, 504-locking pawl paddle elastic part, 505-locking control element, 506 - drive unit, 507 - second shaft,
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a continuously variable transmission device, which can be used in bicycles, and of course, can also be applied to other mechanical devices for stepless speed regulation.
  • the continuously variable transmission device may include a wheel assembly 100 , a first transmission wheel assembly 200 and a driving device.
  • the wheel assembly 100 may include a first wheel 101, a second wheel 102 and a first mounting shaft 104, the first wheel 101 is rotatably mounted on the first mounting shaft 104, and the second wheel 102 is circumferentially fixedly Installed on the first installation shaft 104, the first wheel 101 is provided with a plurality of first track grooves 105 arranged in the circumferential direction, and the second wheel 102 is provided with a plurality of second track grooves 106 arranged in the circumferential direction One end of the first rail groove 105 and the second rail groove 106 are close to the first installation axis 104 , and the other end is away from the first installation axis 104 , and the centerlines of the first rail groove 105 and the second rail groove 106 do not coincide.
  • the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102 are sleeved outside the first installation shaft 104, and the first installation shaft 104 is provided with a mounting plate 108, the first wheel 101 An arc hole 114 is provided on the top, and a second fixing hole 115 is provided on the second wheel disc 102.
  • the screw 700 passes through the mounting plate 108, the arc hole 114 on the first wheel disc 101 and the second wheel disc 102.
  • Two fixing holes 115 are used to circumferentially fix the second wheel 102 and the first installation shaft 104 .
  • the screws 700 can slide in the arc holes 114 so that the first wheel 101 can rotate relative to the first installation shaft 104 .
  • the screw 700 can be provided with a support sleeve 116, and the support sleeve 116 passes through the arc-shaped hole 114 on the first wheel disc 101, so that the first installation shaft 104 can be connected with the second installation shaft 104 through the screw 700 and the support sleeve 116.
  • the connection of the wheel 102 is fixed.
  • the plurality of first rail grooves 105 on the first wheel 101 may be evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the shapes and sizes of the plurality of first rail grooves 105 may be the same.
  • the plurality of second rail grooves 106 on the second wheel 102 may be evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the shapes and sizes of the plurality of second rail grooves 106 may be the same.
  • the first rail groove 105 on the first wheel 101 and the second rail groove 106 on the second wheel 102 have one end close to the first installation shaft 104 and the other end away from the first installation shaft 104, that is Both the first rail groove 105 and the second rail groove 106 have components along the radial direction of the wheel assembly 100 (the radial directions of the first mounting shaft 104, the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102 are the same), but
  • the center line of the first rail groove 105 (shown in dotted line in Figure 4) and the center line of the second rail groove 106 (shown in dotted line in Figure 5) do not coincide, so that the first rail groove 105 and the second rail groove 106 At least one has a component in the circumferential direction of the wheel assembly 100 .
  • the first transmission wheel assembly 200 may include a plurality of first transmission wheels 201 and a plurality of second installation shafts 202, a plurality of second installation shafts 202, a plurality of first rail grooves 105 and a plurality of The second rail grooves 106 are in one-to-one correspondence, the second installation shaft 202 passes through the corresponding first rail groove 105 and the second rail groove 106, and a plurality of first transmission wheels 201 are installed on the plurality of second installation shafts in a one-to-one correspondence. 202 on.
  • a plurality of first transmission wheels 201 are configured to drive and cooperate with a second transmission wheel 900 through a transmission belt 800 .
  • the shapes and sizes of the plurality of first transmission wheels 201 may be the same, and the shapes and sizes of the plurality of second installation shafts 202 may be the same.
  • Each second installation shaft 202 passes through a first rail slot 105 and a second rail slot 106 correspondingly, and each second installation shaft 202 is mounted with a first transmission wheel 201 .
  • a plurality of first transmission wheels 201 realize transmission cooperation with the second transmission wheel 900 through the transmission belt 800 , so that the first transmission wheels 201 drive the second transmission wheel 900 to rotate through the transmission belt 800 .
  • the driving device is configured to drive the first wheel 101 to rotate relative to the second wheel 102 .
  • the first transmission wheel 201 is configured to move along the second rail groove 106 toward a side close to or away from the first installation shaft 104 when the first wheel 101 rotates relative to the second wheel 102 .
  • the driving device includes an elastic member 300 , one end of the elastic member 300 can be connected to the first installation shaft 104 , and the other end can be connected to the first wheel 101 .
  • the elastic member 300 can be a torsion spring, and the outer side of the first installation shaft 104 is provided with an elastic member fixing sleeve 117, and the elastic member fixing sleeve 117 is circumferentially fixed with the first installation shaft 104 to realize a rigid connection.
  • One end of the spring is fixedly connected with the elastic member fixing sleeve 117 .
  • the elastic member 300 can apply elastic force to the first wheel 101 to make the first wheel 101 rotate relative to the second wheel 102 .
  • the transmission belt 800 and the elastic member 300 are arranged to be capable of applying a force that causes the first wheel 101 to rotate in opposite directions. Therefore, under the action of the transmission belt 800 and the elastic member 300, the first wheel 101 is arranged to be able to rotate relative to the second wheel. 102 can rotate in two directions (that is, it can rotate in two opposite directions), and the first transmission wheel 201 is configured to move along the second rail groove 106 toward a side close to or away from the first installation shaft 104 .
  • the plurality of first transmission wheels 201 of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 are respectively distributed in the first rail groove 105 and the second rail groove 106 away from the first installation shaft 104.
  • the diameter D of the circle formed by the outer contour surfaces enveloping the plurality of first transmission wheels 201 is the largest.
  • the reaction force of the transmission belt 800 to the first transmission wheel 201 is greater than the active force of the elastic member 300, the plurality of first transmission wheels 201 shrink inwardly, and drive the first wheel disc 101 to rotate (rotate clockwise in FIG. 1 ), so that the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 becomes smaller.
  • the applied external force the reaction force of the transmission belt 800 to the first transmission wheel 201
  • the first wheel disc 101 turns (rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 1 ), and the first transmission wheel
  • the equivalent diameter of the assembly 200 returns to a maximum.
  • the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 is determined by the balance between the applied external force and the elastic force of the elastic member 300 .
  • the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 changes, so that the transmission ratio between the first transmission wheel 201 and the second transmission wheel 900 changes, thereby realizing speed change.
  • the continuously variable transmission device can also be configured such that when there is no external force, the plurality of first transmission wheels 201 of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 are respectively distributed in the first rail groove 105 and the second rail groove 105 under the action of the elastic member 300 .
  • the reaction force of a transmission wheel 201 is greater than the active force of the elastic member 300 , the multiple first transmission wheels 201 expand outward, so that the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 becomes larger.
  • the continuously variable transmission device can realize both continuously variable transmission and automatic transmission according to the reaction force of the transmission belt 800 .
  • the driving device is connected to the first wheel 101 and configured to drive the first wheel 101 to rotate in both directions relative to the second wheel 102, so that the first transmission wheel 201 can move along the second rail groove 106 Move towards a side close to or away from the first installation axis 104 .
  • the drive device may be an automatic drive device, such as may include a motor, or may include a motor and a transmission mechanism, and the motor may directly drive the first wheel 101 to rotate, or the motor may drive the first wheel 101 to rotate through a transmission mechanism.
  • the rotation of the first disc 101 enables the first transmission wheel 201 to move along the second track groove 106 , thereby changing the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 to realize speed regulation.
  • the drive device can be a manual drive device, such as a speed control knob and a transmission mechanism, the speed control knob and the first wheel disc 101 are connected through a transmission mechanism, and the first wheel can be driven by manually adjusting the speed control knob.
  • Disk 101 rotates. The rotation of the first disc 101 enables the first transmission wheel 201 to move along the second track groove 106 , thereby changing the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 to realize speed regulation.
  • the first transmission wheel assembly 200 may further include a plurality of gears 206, and the plurality of gears 206 are arranged in the plurality of second track grooves 106 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second A side wall of the rail groove 106 is provided with gear teeth that cooperate with the gear 206 , and the gear 206 is installed on the second installation shaft 202 .
  • the first transmission wheel assembly 200 also includes a gear 206, and gear teeth are arranged on one side of the second rail groove 106.
  • the gear 206 can be located in the second rail groove 106 and cooperate with the gear teeth to form a gear 206 rack.
  • the matching form is such that when the plurality of first transmission wheels 201 expand outward or contract inward, the gear 206 can translate while rotating along the gear teeth of the second track groove 106 .
  • a and k are constants
  • r is a polar diameter (the pole O is a point on the rotation axis of the first installation shaft 104)
  • is a polar angle (the polar axis can be rotated arbitrarily, and the polar axis is different, and the value range of ⁇ is different )
  • e is the base of the natural logarithm (approximately 2.718).
  • the second rail groove 106 can be a linear rail groove whose center line (as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 5 ) is a straight line, and the center line of the second rail groove 106 can be along the second Radial extension of the wheel disc 102 .
  • the center line of the second rail groove 106 is a straight line extending radially of the second wheel 102 , so that the processing of the second rail groove 106 is simple.
  • the combination of the linear rail groove and the curved rail groove can realize radially outward expansion or inward contraction of a plurality of transmission wheels, so that the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 can be changed, thereby realizing speed change.
  • first rail groove 105 and the second rail groove 106 are not limited to curved rail grooves and straight rail grooves, and may also be in other forms, as long as the first rail groove 105 and the second rail groove 106 have The radial component of 100, and at least one of the first track groove 105 and the second track groove 106 has a component along the circumferential direction of the wheel assembly 100.
  • the first track groove 105 can be a straight track groove or a curved track Groove
  • the second rail groove 106 can be a straight rail groove or a curved rail groove.
  • the wheel assembly 100 may further include a third wheel 103 , and the third wheel 103 is circumferentially fixedly mounted on the first installation shaft. 104, the third wheel 103 is provided with a plurality of third rail grooves 107 arranged in the circumferential direction, the plurality of third rail grooves 107 correspond to the plurality of second rail grooves 106 one by one, and the third rail grooves 107 The centerline coincides with the centerline of the corresponding second rail groove 106 , and the second installation shaft 202 passes through the third rail groove 107 .
  • the wheel assembly 100 may further include a third wheel 103 , the third wheel 103 is fixedly installed on the first installation shaft 104 in the circumferential direction, that is, the third wheel 103 is relatively fixed to the second wheel 102 .
  • the third wheel 103 is provided with a plurality of third rail grooves 107 arranged in the circumferential direction, and the plurality of third rail grooves 107 correspond to the plurality of second rail grooves 106 one by one, and the center line of the third rail groove 107 is in line with the The centerlines of the corresponding second rail grooves 106 coincide, so that the third rail groove 107 can be substantially the same as the second rail groove 106 .
  • the second mounting shaft 202 also passes through the third rail groove 107 . Since the centerline of the third rail groove 107 coincides with the centerline of the corresponding second rail groove 106, the third rail groove 107 will not further restrict the movement of the second installation shaft 202, but the third rail groove 107 and The cooperation of the second track groove 106 can better guide the movement of the second installation shaft 202 , so that the outward expansion or inward contraction movement of the plurality of first transmission wheels 201 is smoother.
  • the third wheel 103 is provided with a third fixing hole 118 , passing through the mounting plate 108 , the arc-shaped hole 114 on the first wheel 101 and the second
  • the screw 700 of the second fixing hole 115 on the wheel 102 passes through the third fixing hole 118 of the third wheel 103 to fix the third wheel 103, the second wheel 102 and the first installation shaft 104 circumferentially, Realize a rigid connection.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 there are two first roulettes 101 , second roulettes 102 and third roulettes 103 , and the two second roulettes 102 are located on the two third roulettes.
  • the two first wheels 101 are located between the two second wheels 102
  • the first transmission wheel 201 is located between the two first wheels 101 .
  • Two bearings 600 are installed on the second installation shaft 202 , and the two bearings 600 can respectively move in the first track grooves 105 of the two first wheels 101 .
  • Flange bearings 207 are installed at both ends of the second installation shaft 202 , and the flange bearings 207 at both ends can move in the third rail grooves 107 of the two third wheels 103 respectively. Both ends of the flange bearing 207 and the second installation shaft 202 can be fastened with screws 700 .
  • the first transmission wheel 201 is located in the middle, each side of the first transmission wheel 201 is provided with the first wheel disc 101, the second wheel disc 102 and the third wheel disc 103 in turn, and the second installation shaft 202 passes through the first wheel disc 101, The second wheel 102, the third wheel 103 and the first transmission wheel 201, the two sides of the second installation shaft 202 are all supported by the first rail groove 105, the second rail groove 106 and the third rail groove 107, so that the second The support of the installation shaft 202 is stable, thereby making the installation of the first transmission wheel 201 stable.
  • the second installation shaft 202 and the first transmission wheel 201 on it can move under the joint action of the first rail groove 105 , the second rail groove 106 , the third rail groove 107 and the transmission belt 800 .
  • a one-way bearing 203 is provided between the second installation shaft 202 and the corresponding first transmission wheel 201 .
  • the one-way bearing 203 is sleeved on the second installation shaft 202
  • the first transmission wheel 201 is sleeved on the one-way bearing 203 .
  • the one-way bearing 203 is a kind of bearing 600 that can rotate freely in one direction and is locked in another direction.
  • the one-way bearing 203 is arranged to be in a locked state when the first installation shaft 104 rotates toward the first direction.
  • the second installation shaft 202, the one-way bearing 203 and the first transmission wheel 201 are fixed circumferentially, so the first transmission wheel 201 can drive the second transmission wheel 900 to move through the transmission belt 800, and the transmission belt 800 can apply a reverse force to the first transmission wheel 201;
  • the first installation shaft 104 rotates in the direction opposite to the first direction, the one-way bearing 203 It can rotate freely, and now the first transmission wheel 201 can rotate relative to the second installation shaft 202, so the first transmission wheel 201 cannot apply an active force (or the applied active force is very small) to the transmission belt 800, and then cannot drive the second transmission belt 800 through the transmission belt 800.
  • the movement of the second transmission wheel 900 leads to the reduction of the reverse force exerted by the transmission belt 800 on
  • the first transmission wheel 201 is configured to move under the action of the transmission belt 800 and the elastic member 300 when the first installation shaft 104 rotates toward the first direction, such as moving toward a side close to the first installation shaft 104, so that the first transmission wheel assembly
  • the equivalent diameter of 200 becomes smaller;
  • the first transmission wheel 201 is also arranged so that the first installation shaft 104 moves under the action of the elastic member 300 when the first installation shaft 104 rotates in the direction opposite to the first direction, such as toward a direction away from the first installation shaft 104 Lateral movement makes the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 larger.
  • the continuously variable transmission device When the continuously variable transmission device is applied to a bicycle, when the one-way bearing 203 makes the first installation shaft 104 rotate forward in the first direction, the first transmission wheel 201 can drive the second transmission wheel 900 to move through the transmission belt 800 to make the bicycle move forward; When the first installation shaft 104 reverses, the first transmission wheel 201 does not drive the second transmission wheel 900 to move, so that the bicycle will not move backward.
  • the continuously variable transmission device further includes a non-return mechanism 400, and the non-return mechanism 400 is configured to turn the first wheel 101 It is locked and fixed with the second wheel disc 102, so that the first transmission wheel 201 remains in its original position.
  • the continuously variable transmission device When the continuously variable transmission device is applied to a bicycle, when the first installation shaft 104 rotates positively toward the first direction, the bicycle advances; when the first installation shaft 104 stops rotating toward the first direction, the transmission belt 800 is applied to the first transmission
  • the reaction force of the wheel 201 decreases, which is smaller than the elastic force of the elastic member 300, but the non-return mechanism 400 locks and fixes the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102, preventing the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102 from
  • the relative rotation makes the first transmission wheel 201 move to the side away from the first installation shaft 104 , but remains in place, so that the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 remains unchanged, and the transmission ratio remains unchanged.
  • the non-return mechanism 400 may include: a mounting seat 401 , a ratchet 402 , a non-return pawl 403 , a non-return pawl elastic member 404 , and a non-return pawl paddle. 405 , non-return ratchet paddle elastic member 406 and cam 407 .
  • the installation seat 401 is fixedly installed on the first installation shaft 104 in the circumferential direction, and the non-return ratchet 403 and the non-return ratchet dial 405 provide the installation basis.
  • the mounting seat 401 is a plate-like structure, and is sheathed outside the first mounting shaft 104, passing through the mounting plate 108, the arc-shaped hole 114 on the first wheel 101, and the arc-shaped hole 114 on the second wheel 102.
  • the second fixing hole 115 and the screw 700 of the third fixing hole 118 on the third wheel disc 103 pass through the mounting seat 401, and the mounting seat 401, the second wheel disc 102, the third wheel disc 103 and the first mounting shaft 104 circumferentially fixed.
  • the ratchet 402 is rotatably mounted on the first installation shaft 104 and fixedly connected with the first wheel 101 in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG. 3 , the ratchet 402 is sheathed outside the first installation shaft 104 , and the outer side of the ratchet 402 is sheathed with the connecting sleeve 109 , and the ratchet 402 and the connecting sleeve 109 are circumferentially fixed to realize a rigid connection.
  • the connecting sleeve 109 is located between the two first wheel discs 101, and is fixed with the two first wheel discs 101 (as shown in Figure 4, the first wheel disc 101 is provided with a first fixing hole 113, the first wheel disc 101 It can be fixed with the connecting sleeve 109 by screws 700 to realize a rigid connection).
  • the elastic member 300 can be fixedly connected with the ratchet 402 so as to apply elastic force to the first wheel 101 through the ratchet 402 and the connecting sleeve 109 .
  • the second wheel 102 and the third wheel 103 can be mounted on the ratchet 402 through the bearing 600 , and the part of the ratchet 402 provided with gear teeth is located outside the third wheel 103 so as to cooperate with the non-return pawl 403 .
  • the non-return pawl 403 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 401 . As shown in FIG. 7 , the non-return pawl 403 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 401 through a first rotating shaft 409 .
  • the non-return pawl 403 can rotate to mesh with the teeth of the ratchet 402 to prevent the ratchet 402 from rotating relative to the mount 401 , thereby preventing the first wheel 101 fixed circumferentially with the ratchet 402 from rotating.
  • the pawl 403 can also be rotated to separate from the gear teeth of the ratchet 402, so that the first wheel 101 can rotate relative to the second wheel 102, so that the first transmission wheel 201 can be displaced, thereby making the equivalent of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 change in diameter.
  • the non-return pawl elastic member 404 can be a spring.
  • the non-return ratchet elastic member 404 can exert elastic force on the non-return ratchet 403 , so that the non-return ratchet 403 meshes with the gear teeth of the ratchet 402 under the action of the elastic force of the non-return ratchet elastic member 404 .
  • the non-return ratchet pick piece 405 is rotatably installed on the mounting base 401 . As shown in FIG. 7 , the non-return ratchet dial 405 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 401 through a first rotating shaft 409 .
  • first rotating shaft that rotatably connects the non-return pawl 403 with the mounting base 401 and/or the first rotating shaft that rotatably connects the non-return pawl dial 405 with the mounting base 401 may be passed through
  • the arc hole 114 on the mounting plate 108, the first wheel disc 101, the second fixing hole 115 on the second wheel disc 102, the third fixing hole 118 on the third wheel disc 103, and the screw 700 of the mounting seat 401 serve as .
  • the non-return pawl pick piece 405 can be rotated to contact with the non-return pawl 403 and drive the non-return pawl 403 to rotate, so that the non-return pawl 403 is separated from the teeth of the ratchet 402; as shown in Figure 7 and As shown in Figure 8, the non-return pawl dial 405 can also be rotated to separate from the non-return pawl 403, so that the non-return pawl 403 automatically resets to the wheel with the ratchet 402 under the elastic force of the non-return pawl 404. tooth meshing.
  • the elastic member 406 of the non-return pawl is connected to the mounting base 401 , and the other end is connected to the non-return pawl 405 .
  • the elastic member 406 of the non-return pawl can be a spring.
  • the elastic part 406 of the non-return pawl can apply elastic force to the non-return pawl 405, so that the non-return pawl 405 is separated from the non-return pawl 403 under the elastic force of the elastic part 406 of the non-return pawl , so that the non-return pawl 403 automatically keeps meshing with the teeth of the ratchet 402 under the elastic force of the non-return pawl elastic member 404 .
  • the cam 407 is fixedly arranged, and the profile of the cam 407 includes a protruding portion 411 , and the protruding portion 411 is configured to move the non-return ratchet pick 405 .
  • the cam 407 is fixedly arranged, and the cam 407 can be installed in a fixed and non-rotating position relative to the continuously variable transmission. As shown in FIG. 3 , when the continuously variable transmission device is applied to a bicycle, the cam 407 can be fixed on the bottom bracket 112 .
  • the profile of the cam 407 includes a protruding portion 411.
  • the non-return pawl The pick piece 405 can be in contact with the raised portion 411 , and can rotate around the first rotating shaft 409 under the action of the raised portion 411 .
  • the mounting base 401 and the non-return pawl dial 405 on it also rotate in the counterclockwise direction in FIGS. 7 and 8 .
  • the non-return pawl plectrum 405 can rotate to the side away from the non-return pawl 403 under the effect of the protrusion 411. Toggle the non-return pawl 403 to make the non-return pawl 403 mesh with the teeth of the ratchet 402; when the first installation shaft 104 rotates in the direction opposite to the first direction (clockwise in FIG. 401 and the non-return ratchet pick 405 also move synchronously in the clockwise direction in Figure 7 and Figure 8, when turning to the state shown in Figure 9, the check ratchet pick 405 can be on the raised part Under the action of 411, it rotates toward the side close to the non-return pawl 403. At this time, the non-return pawl plectrum 405 can move the non-return pawl 403, so that the non-return pawl 403 is separated from the teeth of the ratchet 402.
  • the non-return pawl 403 is configured to mesh with the gear teeth of the ratchet 402 under the elastic force of the non-return pawl elastic member 404, so that when the first installation shaft 104 rotates toward the first direction, the second The wheel 101 rotates relative to the second wheel 102 , and prevents the first wheel 101 from rotating relative to the second wheel 102 when the first mounting shaft 104 stops rotating in the first direction.
  • the ratchet 402 When the non-return pawl 403 engages with the gear teeth of the ratchet 402 , the ratchet 402 can rotate in one direction, but prevents the ratchet 402 from rotating in the opposite direction. Under the elastic force of the non-return ratchet elastic member 404 meshing with the gear teeth of the ratchet 402, when the first mounting shaft 104 rotates positively in the first direction, the first wheel 101 rotates relative to the second wheel 102 ( It is opposite to the direction of rotation of the first installation shaft 104), and drives the ratchet 402 to rotate.
  • the non-return ratchet 403 allows the ratchet 402 to rotate, so as to realize the speed change of the continuously variable transmission device;
  • the non-return pawl 403 prevents the ratchet wheel 402 from rotating in reverse, thereby preventing the first wheel 101 from rotating in reverse relative to the second wheel 102 , so that the continuously variable transmission device keeps the previous shifting state unchanged.
  • the non-return pawl 405 is configured to separate from the non-return pawl 403 under the action of the elastic member 406 of the non-return pawl when the first installation shaft 104 rotates toward the first direction;
  • the non-return pawl plectrum 405 is also configured to act under the action of the cam 407 when the first installation shaft 104 rotates in the direction opposite to the first direction, and to move the non-return pawl 403 so that the non-return pawl 403 Separated from the teeth of the ratchet 402 .
  • the mounting seat 401 and the non-return pawl dial 405 move synchronously, and under the action of the protrusion 411, the non-return pawl dial 405 moves away from One side of the back ratchet 403 rotates, and the non-return ratchet plectrum 405 will not stir the non-return ratchet 403, and the non-return ratchet 403 is automatically kept in the wheel with the ratchet 402 under the effect of the non-return ratchet elastic member 404.
  • the meshing state of the teeth allows the continuously variable transmission device to shift gears when the first installation shaft 104 rotates forward in the first direction.
  • the non-return pawl 403 remains in the state of meshing with the gear teeth of the ratchet 402, so as to prevent the ratchet 402 from rotating in reverse, thereby preventing the first wheel disc 101 from moving relative to the second wheel.
  • the disc 102 rotates in the opposite direction, so that the continuously variable transmission maintains the previous shifting state unchanged.
  • the mounting seat 401 and the non-return ratchet plectrum 405 on it move synchronously, and under the action of the protrusion 411, the non-return ratchet
  • the pawl plectrum 405 rotates to the side close to the non-return pawl 403, and the non-return pawl plectrum 405 moves the non-return pawl 403, so that the non-return pawl 403 is separated from the teeth of the ratchet wheel 402, and the non-return mechanism 400 does not
  • the first wheel 101 is prevented from rotating relative to the second wheel 102, so that the continuously variable transmission device can change the speed.
  • the one-way bearing 203 is provided between the second installation shaft 202 and the first transmission wheel 201, under the action of the elastic member 300, the first wheel 101 rotates relative to the second wheel 102, so that the first transmission wheel assembly 200
  • the equivalent diameter returns to the maximum.
  • the continuously variable transmission further includes a locking mechanism 500, and the locking mechanism 500 is configured to lock and fix the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102, The first roulette 101 and the second roulette 102 are circumferentially fixed, and the locking mechanism 500 is configured to unlock the first roulette 101 and the second roulette 102 so that the first roulette 101 can be locked relative to the second roulette. 102 turns.
  • the locking mechanism 500 has a locked state (as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 ) and an unlocked state (as shown in FIG. 9 ).
  • the locking mechanism 500 in the locked state can lock and fix the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102, so that the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102 are circumferentially fixed. , the two cannot rotate relative to each other, that is, the continuously variable transmission device cannot change speed; as shown in Figure 9, the locking mechanism 500 in the unlocked state can also unlock the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102, so that the first The disc 101 is rotatable relative to the second wheel disc 102, so that the continuously variable transmission device can change gears.
  • the locking mechanism 500 is a one-way locking mechanism, and the one-way locking mechanism 500 is configured to connect the first wheel 101 and the second wheel only when the first installation shaft 104 rotates toward the first direction. 102 is locked and fixed.
  • the one-way locking mechanism 500 has a one-way locking function, that is, it has a locking function in one direction and does not have a locking function in the opposite direction.
  • the one-way locking mechanism 500 can lock and fix the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102, so that the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102 fixed;
  • the one-way locking mechanism 500 does not lock and fix the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102, so that the first wheel 101 can Rotate relative to the second roulette 102 .
  • the continuously variable transmission device does not have a speed change function; when the first installation shaft 104 rotates toward the direction opposite to the first direction, there is no
  • the gear shifting device has a shifting function.
  • the locking mechanism 500 is a two-way locking mechanism, and the two-way locking mechanism 500 is configured to be able to rotate when the first installation shaft 104 rotates in the first direction and in the reverse direction opposite to the first direction. Lock and fix the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102 .
  • the two-way locking mechanism 500 has a two-way locking function, that is, it has locking functions in two opposite directions.
  • the two-way locking mechanism 500 can lock and fix the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102 , and when the first installation shaft 104 is turned in the direction opposite to the first direction, When rotating, the two-way locking mechanism 500 can also lock and fix the first wheel 101 and the second wheel 102 , so that when the two-way locking mechanism 500 is in the locked state, the continuously variable transmission device does not have a shifting function.
  • the locking mechanism 500 includes: a locking pawl 501 , a locking pawl elastic member 502 , a locking pawl dial 503 , a locking pawl dial The elastic member 504 and the locking control element 505 .
  • the locking pawl 501 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 401 . As shown in FIG. 7 , the locking pawl 501 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 401 through a second rotating shaft 507 .
  • the locking pawl 501 can rotate until it engages with the gear teeth of the ratchet 402.
  • the locking mechanism 500 is in a locked state, which can prevent the ratchet 402 from rotating relative to the mounting base 401, thereby preventing the second
  • the wheel disc 101 rotates relative to the second wheel disc 102 to prevent the displacement of the first transmission wheel 201, so that the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 remains unchanged, so that the continuously variable transmission device cannot shift.
  • the locking pawl 501 can also be rotated to separate from the teeth of the ratchet 402, at this time the locking mechanism 500 is in an unlocked state, so that the first wheel 101 can rotate relative to the second wheel 102, so that The continuously variable transmission performs the speed change.
  • the locking pawl elastic member 502 is connected to the mounting base 401 , and the other end is connected to the locking pawl 501 .
  • the locking pawl elastic member 502 can be a spring.
  • the locking pawl elastic member 502 can exert elastic force on the locking pawl 501 , so that the locking pawl 501 meshes with the gear teeth of the ratchet 402 under the elastic force of the locking pawl elastic member 502 .
  • the locking ratchet dial 503 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 401 . As shown in FIG. 7 , the locking pawl dial 503 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 401 through the second rotating shaft 507 .
  • the locking pawl pick 503 can be rotated to contact with the locking pawl 501 and drive the non-return pawl 403 to rotate, so that the locking ratchet is separated from the teeth of the ratchet 402; as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the locking pawl dial 503 can also be rotated to separate from the locking pawl 501, so that the locking pawl 501 automatically resets to engage with the gear teeth of the ratchet 402 under the elastic force of the locking pawl elastic member 502 .
  • the elastic member 504 of the locking pawl can be a spring.
  • the elastic part 504 of the locking pawl pick can apply elastic force to the locking pawl pick 503, so that the locking pawl pick 503 is separated from the locking pawl 501 under the action of the elastic force of the locking pawl pick elastic part 504 , so that the locking pawl 501 automatically keeps meshing with the gear teeth of the ratchet 402 under the elastic force of the locking pawl elastic member 502 .
  • the locking control element 505 is movably installed on the mounting seat 401 , and the locking control element 505 is configured to drive the locking ratchet pick 503 to move.
  • the locking control element 505 is a locking sleeve, which is sheathed outside the mounting base 401, and a protruding driving part 506 is provided on the inner wall of the locking control element 505 for dialing Lock the pawl pick 503 .
  • the mounting base 401 can be provided with a guide groove 410 , and the driving part 506 can slide in the guide groove 410 to guide the rotation of the locking control element 505 .
  • the locking pawl plectrum 503 can reversely rotate around the second rotating shaft 507 under the action of the locking pawl plectrum elastic member 504, and the lock
  • the ratchet paddle 503 can be separated from the non-return ratchet 403, so that the locking ratchet 501 automatically resets to mesh with the teeth of the ratchet 402 under the action of the locking ratchet elastic member 502 (as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 ). Show).
  • the outer peripheral surface of the locking control element 505 can be provided with a driving block (such as a friction block), and the driving block can be connected with a locking control button arranged on the handlebar of the bicycle, and the locking control button can be controlled by the locking control button. Movement of element 505.
  • a driving block such as a friction block
  • the driving block can be connected with a locking control button arranged on the handlebar of the bicycle, and the locking control button can be controlled by the locking control button. Movement of element 505.
  • the locking pawl 501 is set to mesh with the gear teeth of the ratchet 402 under the elastic force of the locking pawl elastic member 502, so as to prevent the ratchet 402 from rotating, so that the first wheel 101 and the second wheel The disk 102 is locked and fixed.
  • the locking pawl 501 meshes with the teeth of the ratchet 402 to realize the one-way locking function, that is, the locking mechanism 500 is a one-way locking mechanism.
  • the locking mechanism 500 can connect the first wheel 101 and The second wheel disc 102 is locked and fixed, so that the continuously variable transmission device cannot change gears.
  • the one-way locking mechanism 500 does not have a locking function, and the non-return pawl 405 moves the non-return pawl 403 under the action of the cam 407 ( As shown in FIG. 9 ), the non-return ratchet 403 is disengaged from the teeth of the ratchet wheel 402.
  • the first wheel 101 can rotate relative to the second wheel 102, so that the continuously variable transmission device can change gears.
  • the locking pawl dial 503 is set to be separated from the locking pawl 501 under the elastic force of the locking pawl dial elastic member 504; Action under the action of the locking control element 505 to toggle the locking pawl 501 to separate the locking pawl 501 from the teeth of the ratchet 402 .
  • the locking pawl plectrum elastic member 504 Under the elastic force of the locking pawl plectrum elastic member 504, the locking pawl plectrum 503 is separated from the locking pawl 501, and the locking pawl 501 is in the elastic state of the locking pawl. Under the elastic force of the member 502, it meshes with the gear teeth of the ratchet 402, and the locking mechanism 500 is in a locked state at this time.
  • the locking mechanism in the locked state can prevent the continuously variable transmission device from shifting when the first installation shaft 104 rotates forward in the first direction; when the first installation shaft 104 rotates in the direction opposite to the first direction,
  • the step transmission device can change the speed.
  • the locking pawl plectrum 503 can also contact the locking pawl 501, and toggle the locking pawl 501, so that the locking pawl 501 and the wheel of the ratchet 402
  • the locking mechanism 500 is in an unlocked state (as shown in FIG. 9 ), and when the first installation shaft 104 rotates in the first direction or in the direction opposite to the first direction, the continuously variable transmission device can realize the speed change .
  • the locking mechanism 500 is a one-way locking mechanism.
  • the continuously variable transmission can only be enabled when the first installation shaft 104 rotates forward in the first direction.
  • the device cannot change gears, and when the first mounting shaft 104 rotates in a direction opposite to the first direction, the continuously variable transmission device can change gears.
  • the locking mechanism 500 can also be configured as a two-way locking mechanism. When the two-way locking mechanism 500 is in the locked state, when the first installation shaft 104 rotates forward in the first direction and in a direction opposite to the first direction, All stepless transmission devices cannot change speed.
  • the non-return mechanism 400 and the locking mechanism 500 share the mounting base 401 and the ratchet 402 , which can simplify the structure of the continuously variable transmission device and reduce the weight and cost of the continuously variable transmission device.
  • the locking mechanism 500 may not share the mounting seat 401 and the ratchet 402 with the non-return mechanism 400, but separately install the mounting seat and the ratchet.
  • the locking mechanism 500 can be flexibly set as a one-way locking mechanism or a two-way locking mechanism. stop agency.
  • the non-return mechanism 400 and the locking mechanism 500 constitute a control assembly, which controls whether the continuously variable transmission can shift and maintain the shifting state.
  • the control assembly further includes a gland 408 .
  • the gland 408 is disposed at an end away from the mounting base 401 and can be fixed to the mounting base 401 by screws 700 .
  • Gland 408 can be ratchet 402, non-return pawl 403, non-return pawl elastic member 404, non-return pawl plectrum 405, non-return pawl plectrum elastic part 406, locking pawl 501, locking pawl
  • the part of the cam 407 that is provided with the raised portion 411 is located between the gland 408 and the mounting seat 401, so as to cooperate with the non-return ratchet paddle 405;
  • the joint 112 is fixed, and the bottom bracket 112 can be connected with the fixed end shaft sleeve 110 on the first installation shaft 104 through the bearing 600 and the bearing seat 111 .
  • the first transmission wheel 201 is a sprocket, that is, the continuously variable transmission device is a chain-driven continuously variable transmission device.
  • the second transmission wheel 900 is also a sprocket, and the transmission belt 800 matched with the sprocket is a chain.
  • the gear teeth of the first transmission wheel 201 include a force-bearing side 204 on the force-bearing side and a non-force-bearing side 205 on the non-force-bearing side, and the force-bearing side 204
  • the width W1 along the circumferential direction of the first transmission wheel 201 is smaller than the width W2 of the non-stressed side 205 along the circumferential direction of the first transmission wheel 201 .
  • W1 is smaller than W2, so that the overall gear tooth is an asymmetric structure, but is deflected toward the force-bearing side.
  • the sprocket (the first transmission wheel 201 ) in the embodiment of the present application is easier to achieve engagement with the chain, which improves the stability of the transmission.
  • the force-bearing side 204 is a standard tooth shape
  • the non-force-bearing side 205 is an arc surface
  • the standard tooth shape on the force-bearing side and the arc surface on the non-force side Intersecting lines are formed.
  • One-way bearing 203 is set between the second installation shaft 202 and the first transmission wheel 201, so that only one side of the gear teeth of the sprocket (first transmission wheel 201) is the stressed side during transmission, and the other side is the non-stressed side. side.
  • the force-bearing side 204 on one side of the gear tooth is a standard tooth shape, so as to cooperate with the chain for transmission;
  • the non-force force side 205 on the other side of the gear tooth is an arc surface, and intersects with the standard tooth shape on the force-bearing side to form an intersection line, which is beneficial to realize that W1 is smaller than W2.
  • the first transmission wheel assembly 200 includes at least three first transmission wheels 201 and at least three second installation shafts 202 .
  • the number of settings of the first transmission wheel 201 and the second installation shaft 202 can be eight, of course, the number of settings of the first transmission wheel 201 and the second installation shaft 202 can also be five, six, seven, Nine, ten and other values.
  • Fig. 4-Fig. The number of grooves 107 is set to be opposite to that of the first transmission wheels 201 , and the first rail groove 105 , the second rail groove 106 and the third rail groove 107 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.
  • the continuously variable transmission device of the embodiment of the present application can be divided into three parts as a whole: the wheel assembly 100 , the first transmission wheel assembly 200 and the control assembly.
  • the first transmission wheel 201 drives the transmission belt 800 to rotate, and then drives the second transmission wheel 900 to rotate.
  • the reaction force of the transmission belt 800 is greater than the elastic force of the elastic member 300, the plurality of first transmission wheels 201 shrink inwardly, the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 becomes smaller, the force applied to the transmission belt 800 increases, and the moment Increase to achieve the purpose of speed change.
  • the non-return mechanism 400 of the control assembly can keep the continuously variable transmission device in the shifting state without turning.
  • a force is applied to switch the locking mechanism 500 to the locked state, which can lock the continuously variable transmission, and the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 remains unchanged.
  • the non-return pawl pick 405 of the control assembly can release the non-return pawl 403 from the non-return state, so that the equivalent diameter of the first transmission wheel assembly 200 returns to the maximum.
  • a force is applied to switch the locking mechanism 500 to the unlocked state, so that the continuously variable transmission device can release the locked state, and the continuously variable transmission device can change gears.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a transmission mechanism, as shown in FIG. 12 , including a continuously variable transmission device, a transmission belt 800 and a second transmission wheel 900 in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and a plurality of first transmission wheels 201 of the continuously variable transmission device It is connected with the second transmission wheel 900 through the transmission belt 800.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a bicycle, including the above transmission mechanism.
  • the bicycle comprising the above-mentioned continuously variable speed change device can realize stepless and automatic speed change.
  • the first mounting shaft 104 of the continuously variable transmission is connected to the pedals via a crankshaft.
  • the continuously variable transmission device can also be installed at the rear wheel of the bicycle.
  • the transmission mechanism of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to other devices for transmission besides bicycles.
  • connection can be a fixed connection or an optional Disassembled connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection or an optional Disassembled connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.

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Abstract

一种无级变速装置,包括:轮盘组件,包括第一安装轴、可转动地安装在第一安装轴上的第一轮盘、及周向固定地安装在第一安装轴上的第二轮盘,第一轮盘和第二轮盘上分别设有沿周向布置的多个第一轨槽和多个第二轨槽,第一轨槽和第二轨槽均一端靠近第一安装轴、另一端远离第一安装轴,且第一轨槽和第二轨槽的中心线不重合;第一传动轮组件,包括多个第一传动轮和多个第二安装轴,多个第二安装轴、多个第一轨槽和多个第二轨槽一一对应,第二安装轴穿过对应的第一轨槽和第二轨槽,多个第一传动轮分别一一对应地安装在多个第二安装轴上,且多个第一传动轮可通过传动带与第二传动轮传动配合;和驱动装置,驱动第一轮盘相对第二轮盘转动。

Description

一种无级变速装置、传动装置和自行车 技术领域
本文涉及但不限于机械传动技术领域,特别涉及但不限于一种无级变速装置、传动装置和自行车。
背景技术
可变速的自行车,通常都是手动变速,多级变速。
发明概述
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
一种无级变速装置,包括:
轮盘组件,包括第一安装轴、可转动地安装在所述第一安装轴上的第一轮盘、及周向固定地安装在所述第一安装轴上的第二轮盘,所述第一轮盘可转动地安装在所述第一安装轴上,所述第二轮盘周向固定地安装在所述第一安装轴上,所述第一轮盘上设有沿周向布置的多个第一轨槽,所述第二轮盘上设有沿周向布置的多个第二轨槽,所述第一轨槽和所述第二轨槽均一端靠近所述第一安装轴、另一端远离所述第一安装轴;
第一传动轮组件,包括多个第一传动轮和多个第二安装轴,多个所述第二安装轴、多个所述第一轨槽和多个所述第二轨槽一一对应,所述第二安装轴穿过对应的所述第一轨槽和所述第二轨槽,多个所述第一传动轮分别一一对应地安装在多个所述第二安装轴上,且多个所述第一传动轮设置成通过传动带与第二传动轮传动配合;和
驱动装置,设置成能驱动所述第一轮盘相对所述第二轮盘转动;
所述第一传动轮设置成在所述第一轮盘相对所述第二轮盘转动时能沿所述第二轨槽朝靠近或远离所述第一安装轴的一侧运动。
一种传动机构,包括上述的无级变速装置、传动带和第二传动轮,所述 无级变速装置的多个所述第一传动轮和所述第二传动轮通过所述传动带传动连接。
一种自行车,包括上述的传动机构。
在阅读并理解了附图概述和本申请实施例的实施方式后,可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
附图用来提供对本申请技术方案的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本申请的技术方案,并不构成对本申请技术方案的限制。
图1为本申请实施例所述的无级变速装置的结构示意图;
图2为本申请实施例所述的无级变速装置的分解结构示意图;
图3为本申请实施例所述的无级变速装置的局部剖视结构示意图;
图4为本申请实施例所述的无级变速装置的第一轮盘的结构示意图;
图5为本申请实施例所述的无级变速装置的第二轮盘的结构示意图;
图6为本申请实施例所述的无级变速装置的第三轮盘的结构示意图;
图7为本申请实施例所述的无级变速装置的控制组件的结构示意图一;
图8为本申请实施例所述的无级变速装置的控制组件省去压盖后的结构示意图;
图9为本申请实施例所述的无级变速装置的控制组件的结构示意图二;
图10为本申请实施例所述的无级变速装置的第一传动件的结构示意图;
图11为本申请实施例所述的无级变速装置的第一传动件的局部结构示意图;
图12为本申请实施例所述的传动装置的结构示意图。
图示说明:
100-轮盘组件,101-第一轮盘,102-第二轮盘,103-第三轮盘,104-第一安装轴,105-第一轨槽,106-第二轨槽,107-第三轨槽,108-安装板,109-连 接套,110-端轴套,111-轴承座,112-五通,113-第一固定孔,114-弧形孔,115-第二固定孔,116-支撑轴套,117-弹性件固定套,118-第三固定孔,
200-第一传动轮组件,201-第一传动轮,202-第二安装轴,203-单向轴承,204-受力侧面,205-非受力侧面,206-齿轮,207-法兰轴承,
300-弹性件,
400-止回机构,401-安装座,402-棘轮,403-止回棘爪,404-止回棘爪弹性件,405-止回棘爪拨片,406-止回棘爪拨片弹性件,407-凸轮,408-压盖,409-第一转轴,410-导向槽,411-凸起部,
500-锁止机构,501-锁止棘爪,502-锁止棘爪弹性件,503-锁止棘爪拨片,504-锁止棘爪拨片弹性件,505-锁止控制元件,506-驱动部,507-第二转轴,
600-轴承,700-螺钉,800-传动带,900-第二传动轮。
详述
下文中将结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多实施方式以便于充分理解本申请实施例,但是,本申请实施例还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的方式来实施,因此,本申请实施例的保护范围并不受下面公开的实现方式的限制。
如图1-图11所示,本申请实施例提供了一种无级变速装置,可用于自行车,当然也可以应用于其他机械装置中,进行无级调速。
如图1-图5所示,无级变速装置可包括轮盘组件100、第一传动轮组件200和驱动装置。
轮盘组件100可包括第一轮盘101、第二轮盘102和第一安装轴104,第一轮盘101可转动地安装在第一安装轴104上,第二轮盘102周向固定地安装在第一安装轴104上,第一轮盘101上设有沿周向布置的多个第一轨槽105,第二轮盘102上设有沿周向布置的多个第二轨槽106,第一轨槽105和第二轨槽106均一端靠近第一安装轴104、另一端远离第一安装轴104,且第一轨槽105和第二轨槽106的中心线不重合。
如图3-图5所示,第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102上均套设在第一安装轴104外,且第一安装轴104上设有安装板108,第一轮盘101上设有弧形孔114,第二轮盘102上设有第二固定孔115,螺钉700穿过安装板108、第一轮盘101上的弧形孔114以及第二轮盘102上的第二固定孔115,以将第二轮盘102与第一安装轴104周向固定,螺钉700可在弧形孔114内滑动,使得第一轮盘101可相对第一安装轴104转动。其中,螺钉700外可套设有支撑轴套116,支撑轴套116穿过第一轮盘101上的弧形孔114,使得第一安装轴104通过螺钉700和支撑轴套116实现与第二轮盘102的连接固定。
如图4所示,第一轮盘101上的多个第一轨槽105可沿着周向均布,且多个第一轨槽105的形状和尺寸可相同。如图5所示,第二轮盘102上的多个第二轨槽106可沿着周向均布,且多个第二轨槽106的形状和尺寸可相同。如图1所示,第一轮盘101上的第一轨槽105和第二轮盘102上的第二轨槽106均一端靠近第一安装轴104、另一端远离第一安装轴104,即第一轨槽105和第二轨槽106均具有沿轮盘组件100的径向方向(第一安装轴104、第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102的径向方向相同)的分量,但第一轨槽105的中心线(如图4中虚线所示)和第二轨槽106的中心线(如图5中虚线所示)不重合,使得第一轨槽105和第二轨槽106至少一个具有沿轮盘组件100的周向方向的分量。
如图1-图3所示,第一传动轮组件200可包括多个第一传动轮201和多个第二安装轴202,多个第二安装轴202、多个第一轨槽105和多个第二轨槽106一一对应,第二安装轴202穿过对应第一轨槽105和第二轨槽106,多个第一传动轮201分别一一对应地安装在多个第二安装轴202上。如图12所示,多个第一传动轮201设置成通过传动带800与第二传动轮900传动配合。
第一传动轮组件200中,多个第一传动轮201的形状和尺寸可相同,多个第二安装轴202的形状和尺寸可相同。每一个第二安装轴202对应地穿过一个第一轨槽105和一个第二轨槽106,且每一个第二安装轴202上安装有一个第一传动轮201。多个第一传动轮201通过传动带800实现与第二传动轮900的传动配合,以便第一传动轮201通过传动带800带动第二传动轮900转动。
驱动装置设置成能驱动第一轮盘101相对第二轮盘102转动。第一传动轮201设置成在第一轮盘101相对第二轮盘102转动时能沿第二轨槽106朝靠近或远离第一安装轴104的一侧运动。
一些示例性实施例中,驱动装置包括弹性件300,弹性件300的一端可与第一安装轴104连接、另一端可与第一轮盘101连接。如图3所示,弹性件300可为扭簧,第一安装轴104的外侧套设有弹性件固定套117,弹性件固定套117与第一安装轴104周向固定,实现刚性连接,扭簧的一端与弹性件固定套117固定连接。弹性件300可对第一轮盘101施加弹力,使第一轮盘101相对第二轮盘102转动。
传动带800和弹性件300设置成能够施加使第一轮盘101朝向相反的方向转动的力,因此,在传动带800和弹性件300的作用下,第一轮盘101设置成能相对第二轮盘102双向转动(即能够朝向相反的两个方向转动),第一传动轮201设置成能沿第二轨槽106朝靠近或远离第一安装轴104的一侧运动。
在无外力作用时,在弹性件300的作用下,第一传动轮组件200的多个第一传动轮201分别分布在第一轨槽105和第二轨槽106的远离第一安装轴104的一侧,此时,包络多个第一传动轮201的外轮廓面形成的圆的直径D(即第一传动轮组件200的等效直径,如图12所示)最大。当对第一安装轴104施加力,使第一安装轴104朝向第一方向(如图1中的逆时针方向)正向转动时,无级变速装置带动传动带800旋转。当传动带800对第一传动轮201的反作用力大于弹性件300的作用力时,多个第一传动轮201向内收缩,并带动第一轮盘101转动(沿图1中的顺时针方向转动),使得第一传动轮组件200的等效直径变小。传动带800对第一传动轮201的反作用力越大,第一传动轮组件200的等效直径越小。当施加的外力(传动带800对第一传动轮201的反作用力)取消后,在弹性件300的作用下,第一轮盘101回转(沿图1中的逆时针方向转动),第一传动轮组件200的等效直径回到最大。第一传动轮组件200的等效直径的大小由施加的外力与弹性件300的弹力达到平衡来决定。第一传动轮组件200的等效直径变化,使得第一传动轮201与第二传动轮900之间的传动比变化,进而实现变速。
应当理解,无级变速装置也可以设置成:在无外力作用时,在弹性件300的作用下,第一传动轮组件200的多个第一传动轮201分别分布在第一轨槽105和第二轨槽106的靠近第一安装轴104的一侧,此时,第一传动轮组件200的等效直径最小;当第一安装轴104正向转动并带动传动带800旋转,且传动带800对第一传动轮201的反作用力大于弹性件300的作用力时,多个第一传动轮201向外扩张,使得第一传动轮组件200的等效直径变大。
该无级变速装置,既可以实现无级变速,还可以根据传动带800的反作用力实现自动变速。
另一些示例性实施例中,驱动装置与第一轮盘101连接,并设置成能驱动第一轮盘101相对第二轮盘102双向转动,使第一传动轮201能沿第二轨槽106朝靠近或远离第一安装轴104的一侧运动。
该驱动装置可为自动驱动装置,如可包括电机,或者可包括电机和传动机构,电机可直接驱动第一轮盘101转动,或者电机通过传动机构驱动第一轮盘101转动。第一轮盘101转动,使第一传动轮201可沿第二轨槽106运动,进而使得第一传动轮组件200的等效直径的大小变化,实现调速。
或者,该驱动装置可为手动驱动装置,如可包括调速控制钮和传动机构,调速控制钮和第一轮盘101通过传动机构连接,通过手动调节调速控制钮,可驱动第一轮盘101转动。第一轮盘101转动,使第一传动轮201可沿第二轨槽106运动,进而使得第一传动轮组件200的等效直径的大小变化,实现调速。
一些示例性实施例中,如图3所示,第一传动轮组件200还可包括多个齿轮206,多个齿轮206分别一一对应地设置在多个第二轨槽106内,且第二轨槽106的一侧槽壁上设有与齿轮206配合的轮齿,齿轮206安装在第二安装轴202上。
第一传动轮组件200还包括齿轮206,第二轨槽106的一侧槽壁上设有轮齿,齿轮206可位于第二轨槽106内,并与该轮齿配合,形成齿轮206齿条配合形式,以便在多个第一传动轮201向外扩张或向内收缩时,齿轮206可沿第二轨槽106的轮齿边旋转边平移。
一些示例性实施例中,如图4所示,第一轨槽105可为中心线(如图4 中虚线所示)呈曲线状的曲线轨槽,第一轨槽105的中心线可为满足r=a*e^(k*θ)的对数螺旋曲线。
其中,a、k是常数,r是极径(极点O是第一安装轴104的转动轴线上的点),θ是极角(极轴可任意旋转,极轴不同,θ的取值范围不同),e是自然对数的底(取值约为2.718)。
第一轨槽105的中心线设置为满足r=a*e^(k*θ)的对数螺旋曲线,使得弹性件300(扭簧)施加的弹力随着第一安装轴104的转动角度变化而均衡变化,避免弹性件300施加的弹力忽大忽小,以便在无级变速装置应用于自行车时,人施加的骑行力均衡变化。
一些示例性实施例中,如图5所示,第二轨槽106可为中心线(如图5中虚线所示)为直线的直线轨槽,第二轨槽106的中心线可沿第二轮盘102的径向延伸。
第二轨槽106的中心线为沿第二轮盘102的径向延伸的直线,使得第二轨槽106的加工简单。直线轨槽与曲线轨槽配合,可实现多个传动轮沿径向向外扩张或向内收缩,使得第一传动轮组件200的等效直径变化,进而实现变速。
应当理解,第一轨槽105和第二轨槽106的结构不限于曲线轨槽和直线轨槽,也可以为其他形式,只要第一轨槽105和第二轨槽106均具有沿轮盘组件100的径向的分量,且第一轨槽105和第二轨槽106的至少一个具有沿轮盘组件100的周向方向的分量即可,第一轨槽105可以是直线轨槽或曲线轨槽,第二轨槽106可以是直线轨槽或曲线轨槽。
一些示例性实施例中,如图1、图3、图5和图6所示,轮盘组件100还可包括第三轮盘103,第三轮盘103周向固定地安装在第一安装轴104上,第三轮盘103上设有沿周向布置的多个第三轨槽107,多个第三轨槽107与多个第二轨槽106一一对应,且第三轨槽107的中心线与对应的第二轨槽106的中心线重合,第二安装轴202穿过第三轨槽107。
轮盘组件100还可包括第三轮盘103,第三轮盘103周向固定地安装在第一安装轴104上,即第三轮盘103与第二轮盘102相对固定。第三轮盘103上设有沿周向布置的多个第三轨槽107,多个第三轨槽107与多个第二轨槽 106一一对应,且第三轨槽107的中心线与对应的第二轨槽106的中心线重合,使得第三轨槽107可与第二轨槽106大致相同。
第二安装轴202也穿过第三轨槽107。由于第三轨槽107的中心线与对应的第二轨槽106的中心线重合,因此第三轨槽107不会对第二安装轴202的运动造成进一步的限制,但是第三轨槽107和第二轨槽106配合,可对第二安装轴202的运动起到更好地导向运动,使得多个第一传动轮201的向外扩展或向内收缩运动更顺畅。
一些示例性实施例中,如图3和图6所示,第三轮盘103上设有第三固定孔118,穿过安装板108、第一轮盘101上的弧形孔114以及第二轮盘102上的第二固定孔115的螺钉700穿过第三轮盘103的第三固定孔118,以将第三轮盘103、第二轮盘102与第一安装轴104周向固定,实现刚性连接。
一些示例性实施例中,如图2和图3所示,第一轮盘101、第二轮盘102和第三轮盘103均设有两个,两个第二轮盘102位于两个第三轮盘103之间,两个第一轮盘101位于两个第二轮盘102之间,第一传动轮201位于两个第一轮盘101之间。第二安装轴202上安装有两个轴承600,两个轴承600可分别在两个第一轮盘101的第一轨槽105内运动。第二安装轴202的两端安装有法兰轴承207,两端的法兰轴承207可分别在两个第三轮盘103的第三轨槽107内运动。法兰轴承207与第二安装轴202的两端可用螺钉700紧固。
第一传动轮201位于中间,第一传动轮201的每一侧依次设置第一轮盘101、第二轮盘102和第三轮盘103,第二安装轴202穿过第一轮盘101、第二轮盘102、第三轮盘103和第一传动轮201,第二安装轴202两侧均通过第一轨槽105、第二轨槽106和第三轨槽107进行支撑,使得第二安装轴202的支撑平稳,进而使得第一传动轮201的安装平稳。第二安装轴202及其上的第一传动轮201可在第一轨槽105、第二轨槽106和第三轨槽107以及传动带800的共同作用下运动。
一些示例性实施例中,如图3所示,第二安装轴202与对应的第一传动轮201之间设有单向轴承203。单向轴承203套设在第二安装轴202外,第一传动轮201套设在单向轴承203外。
单向轴承203是在一个方向上可以自由转动,而在另一个方向上锁死的 一种轴承600。单向轴承203设置成在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向转动时处于锁死状态,此时第二安装轴202、单向轴承203与第一传动轮201周向固定,因此第一传动轮201可通过传动带800带动第二传动轮900运动带动,传动带800可给第一传动轮201施加反向作用力;在第一安装轴104朝向与第一方向相反的方向转动时,单向轴承203可自由转动,此时第一传动轮201可相对第二安装轴202转动,因此第一传动轮201不能给传动带800施加作用力(或施加的作用力极小),进而不能通过传动带800带动第二传动轮900运动带动,导致传动带800施加给第一传动轮201施加的反向作用力减小。
第一传动轮201设置成在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向转动时在传动带800和弹性件300的作用下运动,如朝靠近第一安装轴104的一侧运动,使得第一传动轮组件200的等效直径变小;第一传动轮201还设置成第一安装轴104朝向与第一方向相反的方向转动时在弹性件300的作用下运动,如朝远离第一安装轴104的一侧运动,使得第一传动轮组件200的等效直径变大。
当该无级变速装置应用于自行车时,单向轴承203使得第一安装轴104朝向第一方向正转时,第一传动轮201可通过传动带800带动第二传动轮900运动,使自行车前进;当第一安装轴104反转时,第一传动轮201不带动第二传动轮900运动,使自行车不会后退。
一些示例性实施例中,如图3所示,无级变速装置还包括止回机构400,止回机构400设置成在第一安装轴104停止朝向第一方向转动时,将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定,使第一传动轮201保持在原位。
当该无级变速装置应用于自行车时,第一安装轴104朝向第一方向正转时,自行车前进;当第一安装轴104停止朝向第一方向转动时,此时传动带800施加给第一传动轮201的反作用力减小,小于弹性件300的弹性作用力,但是止回机构400将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定,防止第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102相对转动,使得第一传动轮201向远离第一安装轴104的一侧移动,而是保持在原位,进而使得第一传动轮组件200的等效直径保持不变,传动比不变。
一些示例性实施例中,如图7-图9所示,止回机构400可包括:安装座401、棘轮402、止回棘爪403、止回棘爪弹性件404、止回棘爪拨片405、止 回棘爪拨片弹性件406和凸轮407。
安装座401周向固定地安装在第一安装轴104上,并为止回棘爪403、止回棘爪拨片405提供安装基础。如图3所示,安装座401为板状结构,并套设在第一安装轴104外,穿过安装板108、第一轮盘101上的弧形孔114、第二轮盘102上的第二固定孔115、以及第三轮盘103上的第三固定孔118的螺钉700穿过安装座401,并将安装座401、第二轮盘102、第三轮盘103和第一安装轴104周向固定。
棘轮402可转动地安装在第一安装轴104上,并与第一轮盘101周向固定地连接。如图3所示,棘轮402套设在第一安装轴104外,棘轮402的外侧套设有连接套109,且棘轮402与连接套109周向固定,实现刚性连接。连接套109位于两个第一轮盘101之间,并与两个第一轮盘101固定(如图4所示,第一轮盘101上设有第一固定孔113,第一轮盘101与连接套109可通过螺钉700固定,实现刚性连接)。弹性件300可与棘轮402固定连接,以便通过棘轮402和连接套109对第一轮盘101施加弹力。第二轮盘102和第三轮盘103可通过轴承600安装在棘轮402上,棘轮402的设有轮齿的部分位于第三轮盘103的外侧,以便与止回棘爪403配合。
止回棘爪403可转动地安装在安装座401上。如图7所示,止回棘爪403通过第一转轴409可转动地安装在安装座401上。
如图7和图8所示,止回棘爪403可转动至与棘轮402的轮齿啮合,以防止棘轮402相对于安装座401转动,进而防止与棘轮402周向固定的第一轮盘101相对于与安装座401周向固定的第二轮盘102转动,以防止第一传动轮201位移,进而使得第一传动轮组件200的等效直径保持不变;如图9所示,止回棘爪403还可转动至与棘轮402的轮齿分离,使得第一轮盘101可相对于第二轮盘102转动,以便第一传动轮201位移,进而使得第一传动轮组件200的等效直径变化。
止回棘爪弹性件404的一端与安装座401连接,另一端与止回棘爪403连接。如图7-图9所示,止回棘爪弹性件404可为弹簧。止回棘爪弹性件404可对止回棘爪403施加弹力,使得止回棘爪403在止回棘爪弹性件404的弹力作用下与棘轮402的轮齿啮合。
止回棘爪拨片405可转动地安装在安装座401上。如图7所示,止回棘爪拨片405通过第一转轴409可转动地安装在安装座401上。应当理解,将止回棘爪403与安装座401可转动地连接的第一转轴、和/或将止回棘爪拨片405与安装座401可转动地连接的第一转轴,可利用穿过安装板108、第一轮盘101上的弧形孔114、第二轮盘102上的第二固定孔115、第三轮盘103上的第三固定孔118、以及安装座401的螺钉700充当。
如图9所示,止回棘爪拨片405可转动至与止回棘爪403接触并带动止回棘爪403转动,使止回棘爪403与棘轮402的轮齿分离;如图7和图8所示,止回棘爪拨片405还可转动至与止回棘爪403分离,以便止回棘爪403在止回棘爪弹性件404的弹力作用下自动复位至与棘轮402的轮齿啮合。
止回棘爪拨片弹性件406的一端与安装座401连接、另一端与止回棘爪拨片405连接。如图7所示,止回棘爪拨片弹性件406可为弹簧。止回棘爪拨片弹性件406可对止回棘爪拨片405施加弹力,使得止回棘爪拨片405在止回棘爪拨片弹性件406的弹力作用下与止回棘爪403分离,以便止回棘爪403在止回棘爪弹性件404的弹力作用下自动保持与棘轮402的轮齿啮合。
如图7-图9所示,凸轮407固定设置,凸轮407的轮廓包括凸起部411,凸起部411设置成能拨动止回棘爪拨片405。
凸轮407固定设置,凸轮407可安装在相对无级变速装置固定不转动的位置。如图3所示,该无级变速装置应用于自行车时,凸轮407可固定在五通112上。
如图7-图9所示,凸轮407的轮廓包括凸起部411,在第一安装轴104转动并带动安装座401及其上的止回棘爪拨片405同步运动时,止回棘爪拨片405可与该凸起部411接触,并可在凸起部411的作用下绕第一转轴409转动。其中,当第一安装轴104朝向第一方向(图1中的逆时针方向)转动时,安装座401及其上的止回棘爪拨片405也沿图7和图8中的逆时针方向同步运动,止回棘爪拨片405可在凸起部411的作用下向远离止回棘爪403的一侧转动,此时止回棘爪拨片405与止回棘爪403分离,不会拨动止回棘爪403,使止回棘爪403与棘轮402的轮齿啮合;当第一安装轴104朝向与第一方向相反的方向(图1中的顺时针方向)转动时,安装座401及其上的 止回棘爪拨片405也沿图7和图8中的顺时针方向同步运动,当转动至图9所示的状态时,止回棘爪拨片405可在凸起部411的作用下向靠近止回棘爪403的一侧转动,此时止回棘爪拨片405可拨动止回棘爪403,使止回棘爪403与棘轮402的轮齿分离。
该止回机构400中,止回棘爪403设置成在止回棘爪弹性件404的弹力作用下与棘轮402的轮齿啮合,以在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向转动时,允许第一轮盘101相对第二轮盘102转动,并在第一安装轴104停止朝向第一方向转动时,阻止第一轮盘101相对第二轮盘102转动。
止回棘爪403与棘轮402的轮齿啮合时,使得棘轮402可朝向一个方向转动,但是阻止棘轮402朝向反方向转动。在止回棘爪弹性件404的弹力作用下与棘轮402的轮齿啮合的情况下,在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向正转时,第一轮盘101相对第二轮盘102转动(与第一安装轴104的转动方向相反),并带动棘轮402转动,此时止回棘爪403允许棘轮402转动,以实现无级变速装置的变速;并在第一安装轴104停止朝向第一方向转动时,止回棘爪403阻止棘轮402反向转动,进而阻止第一轮盘101相对第二轮盘102反向转动,使得无级变速装置保持之前的变速状态不变。
该止回机构400中,止回棘爪拨片405设置成在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向转动时,在止回棘爪拨片弹性件406的作用下与止回棘爪403分离;止回棘爪拨片405还设置成在第一安装轴104朝向与第一方向相反的方向转动时,在凸轮407的作用下动作,并拨动止回棘爪403,使止回棘爪403与棘轮402的轮齿分离。
在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向正转时,安装座401及其上的止回棘爪拨片405同步运动,在凸起部411的作用下,止回棘爪拨片405向远离止回棘爪403的一侧转动,止回棘爪拨片405不会拨动止回棘爪403,止回棘爪403在止回棘爪弹性件404的作用下自动保持在与棘轮402的轮齿啮合的状态,以在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向正转时,允许无级变速装置进行变速。
当第一安装轴104停止朝向第一方向转动时,止回棘爪403保持在与棘轮402的轮齿啮合的状态,以阻止棘轮402反向转动,进而阻止第一轮盘101相对第二轮盘102反向转动,使得无级变速装置保持之前的变速状态不变。
当第一安装轴104反转(朝向与第一方向相反的方向转动)时,安装座401及其上的止回棘爪拨片405同步运动,在凸起部411的作用下,止回棘爪拨片405向靠近止回棘爪403的一侧转动,止回棘爪拨片405拨动止回棘爪403,使止回棘爪403与棘轮402的轮齿分离,止回机构400不阻止第一轮盘101相对第二轮盘102转动,无级变速装置可进行变速。由于第二安装轴202与第一传动轮201之间设有单向轴承203,因此在弹性件300的作用下,第一轮盘101相对第二轮盘102转动,使第一传动轮组件200的等效直径回到最大。
一些示例性实施例中,如图7-图9所示,无级变速装置还包括锁止机构500,锁止机构500设置成能将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定、使第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102周向固定,锁止机构500设置成还能将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102解锁、使第一轮盘101能相对第二轮盘102转动。
锁止机构500具有锁止状态(如图7和图8所示)和解锁状态(如图9所示)。如图7和图8所示,处于锁止状态的锁止机构500能将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定,使第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102周向固定,二者不能发生相对转动,即无级变速装置不能变速;如图9所示,处于解锁状态的锁止机构500还能将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102解锁,使第一轮盘101可相对第二轮盘102转动,以便无级变速装置进行变速。
一些示例性实施例中,锁止机构500为单向锁止机构,单向锁止机构500设置成仅在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向转动时将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定。
单向锁止机构500具有单向锁止功能,即在一个方向上具有锁止功能,在相反的方向上不具有锁止功能。在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向转动时,单向锁止机构500能将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定,使第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102周向固定;在第一安装轴104朝向与第一方向相反的反向转动时,单向锁止机构500不将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定,使第一轮盘101可相对于第二轮盘102转动。单向锁止机构500处于锁止状态时,第一安装轴104朝向第一方向转动时,无级变速装置不具有变速功能;第一安装轴104朝向与第一方向相反的方向转动时,无级变速装置具有变速 功能。
另一些示例性实施例中,锁止机构500为双向锁止机构,双向锁止机构500设置成在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向转动以及朝向与第一方向相反的反向转动时均能将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定。
双向锁止机构500具有双向锁止功能,即在相反的两个方向上均具有锁止功能。在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向转动时,双向锁止机构500能将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定,在第一安装轴104朝向与第一方向相反的反向转动时,双向锁止机构500还能将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定,使双向锁止机构500处于锁止状态时,无级变速装置不具有变速功能。
一些示例性实施例中,如图7-图9所示,锁止机构500包括:锁止棘爪501、锁止棘爪弹性件502、锁止棘爪拨片503、锁止棘爪拨片弹性件504和锁止控制元件505。
锁止棘爪501可转动地安装在安装座401上。如图7所示,锁止棘爪501通过第二转轴507可转动地安装在安装座401上。
如图7和图8所示,锁止棘爪501可转动至与棘轮402的轮齿啮合,此时锁止机构500处于锁止状态,可防止棘轮402相对于安装座401转动,进而防止第一轮盘101相对于第二轮盘102转动,以防止第一传动轮201位移,进而使得第一传动轮组件200的等效直径保持不变,使得无级变速装置无法变速。如图9所示,锁止棘爪501还可转动至与棘轮402的轮齿分离,此时锁止机构500处于解锁状态,使得第一轮盘101可相对于第二轮盘102转动,以便无级变速装置进行变速。
锁止棘爪弹性件502的一端与安装座401连接,另一端与锁止棘爪501连接。如图7所示,锁止棘爪弹性件502可为弹簧。锁止棘爪弹性件502可对锁止棘爪501施加弹力,使得锁止棘爪501在锁止棘爪弹性件502的弹力作用下与棘轮402的轮齿啮合。
锁止棘爪拨片503可转动地安装在安装座401上。如图7所示,锁止棘爪拨片503通过第二转轴507可转动地安装在安装座401上。
如图9所示,锁止棘爪拨片503可转动至与锁止棘爪501接触并带动止回棘爪403转动,使锁止棘与棘轮402的轮齿分离;如图7和图8所示,锁止棘爪拨片503还可转动至与锁止棘爪501分离,以便锁止棘爪501在锁止棘爪弹性件502的弹力作用下自动复位至与棘轮402的轮齿啮合。
锁止棘爪拨片弹性件504的一端与安装座401连接,另一端与锁止棘爪拨片503连接。如图7所示,锁止棘爪拨片弹性件504可为弹簧。锁止棘爪拨片弹性件504可对锁止棘爪拨片503施加弹力,使得锁止棘爪拨片503在锁止棘爪拨片弹性件504的弹力作用下与锁止棘爪501分离,以便锁止棘爪501在锁止棘爪弹性件502的弹力作用下自动保持与棘轮402的轮齿啮合。
锁止控制元件505可动地安装在安装座401上,锁止控制元件505设置成能带动锁止棘爪拨片503运动。如图7-图9所示,锁止控制元件505为锁止套,并套设在安装座401外,锁止控制元件505的内侧壁面上设有凸出的驱动部506,用于拨动锁止棘爪拨片503。安装座401上可设有导向槽410,驱动部506可在导向槽410内滑动,以对锁止控制元件505的转动进行导向。
锁止控制元件505转动(如沿图7-图9中的逆时针方向转动)时,驱动部506可随之运动,并可带动锁止棘爪拨片503绕第二转轴507转动,锁止棘爪拨片503可与止回棘爪403接触,并拨动锁止棘爪501,使锁止棘爪501与棘轮402的轮齿分离(如图9所示);锁止控制元件505反向转动(如沿图7-图9中的顺时针方向转动)时,锁止棘爪拨片503可在锁止棘爪拨片弹性件504的作用下绕第二转轴507反向转动,锁止棘爪拨片503可与止回棘爪403分离,使锁止棘爪501在锁止棘爪弹性件502的作用下自动复位至与棘轮402的轮齿啮合(如图7和图8所示)。
锁止控制元件505的外周面上可设有驱动块(如摩擦块),该驱动块可与设置在自行车的车把处的锁止控制钮连接,通过该锁止控制钮可控制锁止控制元件505的运动。
该锁止机构500中,锁止棘爪501设置成在锁止棘爪弹性件502的弹力作用下与棘轮402的轮齿啮合,以阻止棘轮402转动,使第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定。
锁止棘爪501与棘轮402的轮齿啮合,实现单向锁止功能,即锁止机构 500为单向锁止机构。如图7和图8所示,在锁止棘爪501与棘轮402的轮齿啮合时,在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向正转时,锁止机构500可将第一轮盘101和第二轮盘102锁止固定,使得无级变速装置不能变速。在第一安装轴104朝向与第一方向相反的方向转动时,单向锁止机构500不具有锁止功能,止回棘爪拨片405在凸轮407的作用下拨动止回棘爪403(如图9所示),使止回棘爪403与棘轮402的轮齿脱离,此时第一轮盘101可相对第二轮盘102转动,使得无级变速装置能够变速。
该锁止机构500中,锁止棘爪拨片503设置成在锁止棘爪拨片弹性件504的弹力作用下与锁止棘爪501分离;锁止棘爪拨片503还设置成在锁止控制元件505的作用下动作,以拨动锁止棘爪501,使锁止棘爪501与棘轮402的轮齿分离。
如图7和图8所示,在锁止棘爪拨片弹性件504的弹力作用下,锁止棘爪拨片503与锁止棘爪501分离,锁止棘爪501在锁止棘爪弹性件502的弹力作用下与棘轮402的轮齿啮合,此时锁止机构500处于锁止状态。处于锁止状态的锁止机构可在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向正转时,使无级变速装置不能变速;在第一安装轴104朝向与第一方向相反的方向转动时,使无级变速装置可变速。
锁止控制元件505的驱动部506的作用下,锁止棘爪拨片503还可与锁止棘爪501接触,并拨动锁止棘爪501,使锁止棘爪501与棘轮402的轮齿分离,此时锁止机构500处于解锁状态(如图9所示),第一安装轴104朝向第一方向转动以及朝向与第一方向相反的方向转动时,无级变速装置均可实现变速。
应当理解,上述实施例中,锁止机构500为单向锁止机构,单向锁止机构处于锁止状态时,仅可在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向正转时,使无级变速装置不能变速,在第一安装轴104朝向与第一方向相反的方向转动时,无级变速装置可变速。当然,锁止机构500也可以设置为双向锁止机构,双向锁止机构500处于锁止状态时,在第一安装轴104朝向第一方向正转以及朝向与第一方向相反的方向转动时,无级变速装置均不能变速。
图7-图9所示的实施例中,止回机构400与锁止机构500共用安装座401 和棘轮402,可简化无级变速装置的结构,降低无级变速装置的重量和成本。当然,锁止机构500也可以不与止回机构400共用安装座401和棘轮402,而是另外单独设置安装座和棘轮,此时锁止机构500可以灵活设置为单向锁止机构或者双向锁止机构。
止回机构400和锁止机构500构成了控制组件,控制无级变速装置可否进行变速以及保持变速状态。如图3、图7和图9所示,该控制组件还包括压盖408,压盖408设置在远离安装座401的一端,并可通过螺钉700与安装座401固定。压盖408可将棘轮402、止回棘爪403、止回棘爪弹性件404、止回棘爪拨片405、止回棘爪拨片弹性件406、锁止棘爪501、锁止棘爪弹性件502、锁止棘爪拨片503、锁止棘爪拨片弹性件504等进行遮挡,以增强美观性。凸轮407的设有凸起部411的部分位于压盖408与安装座401之间,以便与止回棘爪拨片405配合;凸轮407的端部伸出压盖408外,以与自行车的五通112固定,五通112可通过轴承600和轴承座111实现与第一安装轴104上固定的端轴套110连接。
一些示例性实施例中,如图1所示,第一传动轮201为链轮,即该无级变速装置为链传动无级变速装置。相应的,第二传动轮900也为链轮,与链轮配合的传动带800为链条。
一些示例性实施例中,如图10和图11所示,第一传动轮201的轮齿包括位于受力侧的受力侧面204和位于非受力的非受力侧面205,受力侧面204沿第一传动轮201的周向的宽度W1小于非受力侧面205沿第一传动轮201的周向的宽度W2。
W1小于W2,使得轮齿整体为非对称结构,而是朝向受力侧偏斜。与轮齿为对称形式结构的链轮相比,本申请实施例的链轮(第一传动轮201)更易实现与链条的啮合配合,提高了传动的平稳性。
一些示例性实施例中,如图10和图11所示,受力侧面204为标准齿形,非受力侧面205为弧面,受力侧的标准齿形与非受力侧的弧面之间形成相交线。
第二安装轴202与第一传动轮201之间设置单向轴承203,使得链轮(第一传动轮201)的轮齿仅一侧为传动时的受力侧,另一侧为非受力侧。其中, 轮齿一侧的受力侧面204为标准齿形,以便与链条配合进行传动;轮齿另一侧的非受力侧面205为弧面,并与受力侧的标准齿形相交形成相交线,有利于实现W1小于W2。
一些实施例中,第一传动轮组件200包括至少三个第一传动轮201和至少三个第二安装轴202。如图1所示,第一传动轮201和第二安装轴202的设置数量可为八个,当然,第一传动轮201和第二安装轴202的设置数量也可以为五、六、七、九、十等其他值。如图1、图4-图6所示,第一轮盘101上第一轨槽105的数量、第二轮盘102上第二轨槽106的数量、以及第三轮盘103上第三轨槽107的数量设置成与第一传动轮201的设置数量相对,且第一轨槽105、第二轨槽106和第三轨槽107沿周向均布。
本申请实施例的无级变速装置,整体可分为三个部分:轮盘组件100、第一传动轮组件200和控制组件。施加外力使第一安装轴104沿第一方向正转时,第一传动轮201带动传动带800转动,进而带动第二传动轮900转动。当传动带800的反作用力大于弹性件300的弹性作用力时,多个第一传动轮201向内收缩,第一传动轮组件200的等效直径变小,施加给传动带800的力增大,力矩增加,达到变速目的。
控制组件的止回机构400可以使无级变速装置保持变速状态不回转。第一安装轴104正向转动时,施力使锁止机构500切换到锁止状态,可以使无级变速装置锁止,第一传动轮组件200的等效直径保持不变。施加外力使第一安装轴104反向转动时,控制组件的止回棘爪拨片405可以解除止回棘爪403的逆止状态,使第一传动轮组件200的等效直径回到最大。第一安装轴104反向转动时,施力使锁止机构500切换到解锁状态,可以使无级变速装置解除锁止状态,无级变速装置可变速。
本申请实施例提供了一种传动机构,如图12所示,包括上述任一实施例的无级变速装置、传动带800和第二传动轮900,无级变速装置的多个第一传动轮201和第二传动轮900通过传动带800传动连接。
本申请实施例提供了一种自行车,包括上述的传动机构。包括上述无级变速装置的自行车,可实现无级、自动变速。
一些示例性实施例中,无级变速装置的第一安装轴104通过曲轴连接至 脚蹬。当然,无级变速装置也可以安装在自行车的后轮处。
应当理解,本申请实施例的传动机构除可以用于自行车外,还可以应用于其他装置中进行传动。
在本申请中的描述中,需要说明的是,“上”、“下”、“一端”、“一侧”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的结构具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“连接”、“装配”、“安装”应做广义理解,例如,术语“连接”可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请描述的实施例是示例性的,而不是限制性的,并且对于本领域的普通技术人员来说显而易见的是,在本申请所描述的实施例包含的范围内可以有更多的实施例和实现方案。尽管在附图中示出了许多可能的特征组合,并在具体实施方式中进行了讨论,但是所公开的特征的许多其它组合方式也是可能的。除非特意加以限制的情况以外,任何实施例的任何特征或元件可以与任何其它实施例中的任何其他特征或元件结合使用,或可以替代任何其它实施例中的任何其他特征或元件。
本申请包括并设想了与本领域普通技术人员已知的特征和元件的组合。本申请已经公开的实施例、特征和元件也可以与任何常规特征或元件组合,以形成由权利要求限定的独特的技术方案。任何实施例的任何特征或元件也可以与来自其它技术方案的特征或元件组合,以形成另一个由权利要求限定的独特的技术方案。因此,应当理解,在本申请中示出和/或讨论的任何特征可以单独地或以任何适当的组合来实现。因此,除了根据所附权利要求及其等同替换所做的限制以外,实施例不受其它限制。此外,可以在所附权利要求的保护范围内进行各种修改和改变。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种无级变速装置,包括:
    轮盘组件,包括第一安装轴、可转动地安装在所述第一安装轴上的第一轮盘、及周向固定地安装在所述第一安装轴上的第二轮盘,所述第一轮盘上设有沿周向布置的多个第一轨槽,所述第二轮盘上设有沿周向布置的多个第二轨槽,所述第一轨槽和所述第二轨槽均一端靠近所述第一安装轴、另一端远离所述第一安装轴,且所述第一轨槽和所述第二轨槽的中心线不重合;
    第一传动轮组件,包括多个第一传动轮和多个第二安装轴,多个所述第二安装轴、多个所述第一轨槽和多个所述第二轨槽一一对应,所述第二安装轴穿过对应的所述第一轨槽和所述第二轨槽,多个所述第一传动轮分别一一对应地安装在多个所述第二安装轴上,且多个所述第一传动轮设置成通过传动带与第二传动轮传动配合;和
    驱动装置,设置成能驱动所述第一轮盘相对所述第二轮盘转动;
    所述第一传动轮设置成在所述第一轮盘相对所述第二轮盘转动时能沿所述第二轨槽朝靠近或远离所述第一安装轴的一侧运动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述驱动装置包括弹性件,所述弹性件的一端与所述第一安装轴连接、另一端与所述第一轮盘连接;
    所述传动带和所述弹性件设置成能够施加使所述第一轮盘朝向相反的方向转动的力,在所述传动带和所述弹性件的作用下,所述第一轮盘设置成能相对所述第二轮盘双向转动,所述第一传动轮设置成能沿所述第二轨槽朝靠近或远离所述第一安装轴的一侧运动。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述驱动装置与所述第一轮盘连接,并设置成能驱动所述第一轮盘相对所述第二轮盘双向转动,使所述第一传动轮能沿所述第二轨槽朝靠近或远离所述第一安装轴的一侧运动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述第一传动轮组件还包括多个齿轮,多个所述齿轮分别一一对应地设置在所述第二轨槽内,且所述第二轨槽的一侧槽壁上设有与所述齿轮配合的轮齿,所述齿轮安装在所述 第二安装轴上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述第一轨槽为中心线呈曲线状的曲线轨槽,所述第一轨槽的中心线为满足r=a*e^(k*θ)的对数螺旋曲线,其中,a、k是常数,r是极径,θ是极角,e是自然对数的底。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述第二轨槽为中心线为直线的直线轨槽,所述第二轨槽的中心线沿所述第二轮盘的径向延伸。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述轮盘组件还包括第三轮盘,所述第三轮盘周向固定地安装在所述第一安装轴上,所述第三轮盘上设有沿周向布置的多个第三轨槽,多个所述第三轨槽与多个所述第二轨槽一一对应,且所述第三轨槽的中心线与对应的所述第二轨槽的中心线重合,所述第二安装轴穿过所述第三轨槽。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述第一轮盘、所述第二轮盘和所述第三轮盘均设有两个,两个所述第二轮盘位于两个所述第三轮盘之间,两个所述第一轮盘位于两个所述第二轮盘之间,所述第一传动轮位于两个所述第一轮盘之间。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述第二安装轴与对应的所述第一传动轮之间设有单向轴承,所述单向轴承设置成在所述第一安装轴朝向第一方向转动时处于锁死状态。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的无级变速装置,还包括止回机构,所述止回机构设置成在所述第一安装轴停止朝向所述第一方向转动时,将所述第一轮盘和所述第二轮盘锁止固定,使所述第一传动轮保持在原位。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述止回机构包括:
    安装座,周向固定地安装在所述第一安装轴上;
    棘轮,可转动地安装在所述第一安装轴上,并与所述第一轮盘周向固定地连接;
    止回棘爪,可转动地安装在所述安装座上;
    止回棘爪弹性件,一端与安装座连接、另一端与所述止回棘爪连接;
    止回棘爪拨片,可转动地安装在所述安装座上;
    止回棘爪拨片弹性件,一端与安装座连接、另一端与所述止回棘爪拨片连接;和
    凸轮,固定设置,且所述凸轮的轮廓包括凸起部,所述凸起部设置成能拨动所述止回棘爪拨片;
    所述止回棘爪设置成在所述止回棘爪弹性件的弹力作用下与所述棘轮的轮齿啮合,以在所述第一安装轴朝向所述第一方向转动时,允许所述第一轮盘相对所述第二轮盘转动,并在所述第一安装轴停止朝向所述第一方向转动时,阻止所述第一轮盘相对所述第二轮盘转动;
    所述止回棘爪拨片设置成在所述第一安装轴朝向所述第一方向转动时,在所述止回棘爪拨片弹性件的作用下与所述止回棘爪分离;所述止回棘爪拨片还设置成在所述第一安装轴朝向与所述第一方向相反的方向转动时,在所述凸轮的作用下动作,并拨动所述止回棘爪,使所述止回棘爪与所述棘轮的轮齿分离。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的无级变速装置,还包括锁止机构,所述锁止机构设置成能将所述第一轮盘和所述第二轮盘锁止固定、使所述第一轮盘和所述第二轮盘周向固定,所述锁止机构设置成还能将所述第一轮盘和所述第二轮盘解锁、使所述第一轮盘能相对所述第二轮盘转动。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述锁止机构为单向锁止机构,所述单向锁止机构设置成仅在所述第一安装轴朝向所述第一方向转动时将所述第一轮盘和所述第二轮盘锁止固定;
    或者,所述锁止机构为双向锁止机构,所述双向锁止机构设置成在所述第一安装轴朝向所述第一方向转动以及朝向与所述第一方向相反的反向转动时均能将所述第一轮盘和所述第二轮盘锁止固定。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述锁止机构包括:
    安装座,周向固定地安装在所述第一安装轴上;
    棘轮,可转动地安装在所述第一安装轴上,并与所述第一轮盘周向固定地连接;
    锁止棘爪,可转动地安装在所述安装座上;
    锁止棘爪弹性件,一端与安装座连接、另一端与所述锁止棘爪连接;
    锁止棘爪拨片,可转动地安装在所述安装座上;
    锁止棘爪拨片弹性件,一端与安装座连接、另一端与所述锁止棘爪拨片连接;和
    锁止控制元件,可动地安装在所述安装座上,所述锁止控制元件设置成能带动所述锁止棘爪拨片运动;
    所述锁止棘爪设置成在所述锁止棘爪弹性件的弹力作用下与所述棘轮的轮齿啮合,以阻止所述棘轮转动,使所述第一轮盘和所述第二轮盘锁止固定;
    所述锁止棘爪拨片设置成在所述锁止棘爪拨片弹性件的弹力作用下与所述锁止棘爪分离;所述锁止棘爪拨片还设置成在所述锁止控制元件的作用下动作,以拨动所述锁止棘爪,使所述锁止棘爪与所述棘轮的轮齿分离。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述第一传动轮为链轮,所述第一传动轮的轮齿包括位于受力侧的受力侧面和位于非受力的非受力侧面,所述受力侧面沿所述第一传动轮的周向的宽度小于所述非受力侧面沿所述第一传动轮的周向的宽度。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的无级变速装置,其中,所述受力侧面为标准齿形,所述非受力侧面为弧面,所述受力侧面和所述非受力侧面之间形成相交线。
  17. 一种传动机构,包括权利要求1至16中任一项所述的无级变速装置、传动带和第二传动轮,所述无级变速装置的多个所述第一传动轮和所述第二传动轮通过所述传动带传动连接。
  18. 一种自行车,包括权利要求17所述的传动机构。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的自行车,其中,所述无级变速装置的第一安 装轴通过曲轴连接至脚蹬。
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