WO2022264986A1

WO2022264986A1 - Antiglare laminate, optical laminate, polarizing plate, and image display device

Info

Publication number: WO2022264986A1
Application number: PCT/JP2022/023709
Authority: WO
Inventors: 玄古井; 隆史成川
Original assignee: 大日本印刷株式会社
Priority date: 2021-06-14
Filing date: 2022-06-14
Publication date: 2022-12-22
Also published as: TW202307470A; KR20240019772A

Abstract

Provided is an antiglare laminate having excellent pencil hardness and bending resistance.　This antiglare laminate includes resin layers on a substrate. The resin layers include, from the substrate side, a first resin layer and a second resin layer. The resin layers contain first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or greater, with 70% or more of the first particles, based on the number thereof, straddling across the first resin layer and the second resin layer, and the resin layers satisfy formula 1 below.　Formula 1: 5 < t1/t2 < 15 (In formula 1, t1 denotes the average thickness of the first resin layer, and t2 denotes the average thickness of the second resin layer.)

Description

Antiglare laminate, optical laminate, polarizing plate, and image display device

The present disclosure relates to antiglare laminates, optical laminates, polarizing plates, and image display devices.

An antiglare laminate is sometimes installed on the surface of image display devices such as televisions, notebook PCs, desktop PC monitors, etc., in order to impart antiglare properties. The anti-glare property is a property of suppressing reflection of background such as lighting and people.
Further, an optical laminate may be provided on the surface of the image display device in order to impart antifouling properties, antireflection properties, antiglare properties, and the like.

An antiglare laminate is basically composed of an antiglare layer having an uneven surface on a substrate. Since antiglare laminates are often used as surface members of image display devices and the like, they are often brought into contact with fingers, objects, and the like. Therefore, the antiglare laminate preferably has a high pencil hardness.
An optical layered body consists of the basic composition which has an optical function layer on a base material. Since the optical layered body is often used as a surface member of an image display device and the like, there are many opportunities for contact with a person's finger, an object, or the like. Therefore, it is preferable that the optical layered body has good pencil hardness.

A cured product of a curable resin composition is preferably used as the resin component of the antiglare layer in order to increase the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

In order to improve the pencil hardness of the optical layered body, a cured product of a curable resin composition is preferably used as the binder resin for the optical functional layer.
The cured product of the curable resin composition tends to improve the pencil hardness of the optical layered body, but tends to be inferior in adhesion to the substrate. Patent Literatures 3 and 4 propose an optical layered body using a cured product of a curable resin composition as a binder resin for an optical functional layer and having good adhesion.

Japanese Patent No. 6840215 International publication number WO2018/070426 JP 2012-234163 A JP 2015-188772 A

The antiglare laminates of Patent Documents 1 and 2 have good pencil hardness because the antiglare layers have high hardness. However, the antiglare laminates of Patent Documents 1 and 2 sometimes have insufficient bending resistance. Specifically, when the antiglare laminates of Patent Documents 1 and 2 are applied to a foldable type image display device or a rollable type image display device, cracks may occur in the antiglare laminate. . The flex resistance described above tends to deteriorate when an acrylic resin base material is used as the base material of the antiglare laminate.

The optical laminates of Patent Documents 3 and 4 have good initial adhesion. However, the optical layered bodies of Patent Documents 3 and 4 sometimes deteriorated in adhesion or changed in optical properties over time. Specifically, when the optical laminates of Patent Documents 3 and 4 were subjected to a light resistance test by ultraviolet irradiation, there were cases where the adhesion was lowered and the transmission image clarity was changed.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide an antiglare laminate excellent in pencil hardness and flex resistance, and a polarizing plate and an image display device using the same.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide an optical layered body, a polarizing plate and an image display device using the same, which can suppress a decrease in adhesion and a change in transmission image definition after a light resistance test. .

The present disclosure provides the following [1] to [31] antiglare laminates, optical laminates, polarizing plates, and image display devices.

[1] An antiglare laminate having a resin layer on a substrate,
The resin layer has a first resin layer and a second resin layer from the substrate side,
The resin layer contains first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or more,
70% or more of the first particles based on the number exist across the first resin layer and the second resin layer,
An antiglare laminate that satisfies Formula 1 below.
5.0<t1/t2<15.0 (Formula 1)
[In Formula 1, t1 represents the average thickness of the first resin layer, and t2 represents the average thickness of the second resin layer. ]
[2] The antiglare laminate according to [1], wherein D1 indicating the average particle diameter of the first particles and t2 indicating the average thickness of the second resin layer have a relationship of t2<D1. body.
[3] D1 indicating the average particle diameter of the first particles and t1 indicating the average thickness of the first resin layer are in a relationship of D1<t1. Antiglare laminate.
[4] The antiglare laminate according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the first particles are organic particles.
[5] The antiglare laminate according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the resin layer-side surface of the base material has an average inclination angle of 5.0 degrees or more and 15.0 degrees or less.
[6] The antiglare laminate according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the resin layer side surface of the substrate has an arithmetic mean height of 0.05 μm or more and 0.25 μm or less.
[7] H1 indicating the indentation hardness in the middle in the thickness direction of the first resin layer and H2 indicating the indentation hardness in the middle in the thickness direction of the second resin layer satisfy H1<H2. The antiglare laminate according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein:
[8] The antiglare laminate according to [7], wherein 40 MPa<H2-H1.
[9] The antiglare laminate according to [7], wherein 40 MPa<H2−H1≦100 MPa.
[10] The antiglare laminate according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the resin layer contains a cured product of a curable resin composition.
[11] The antiglare laminate according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein the substrate is an acrylic resin substrate.

[12] An antiglare laminate having a resin layer on a substrate,
The resin layer contains first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or more,
When the substrate side of the center of the resin layer in the thickness direction is defined as a first region, and the side opposite to the substrate from the center of the resin layer in the thickness direction is defined as a second region, the first particles 70% or more of the number standard exists in the second region,
An antiglare laminate that satisfies Condition 1A or Condition 2A below.
<Condition 1A>
The average inclination angle of the resin layer-side surface of the base material is 5.0 degrees or more and 20.0 degrees or less.
<Condition 2A>
The arithmetic mean height of the resin layer side surface of the base material is 0.10 μm or more and 0.40 μm or less.
[13] The description of [12], wherein D1 indicating the average particle diameter of the first particles and t indicating the average thickness of the resin layer have a relationship of 2.0<t/D1<6.0. antiglare laminate.
[14] The antiglare laminate according to [12] or [13], wherein the first particles are organic particles.
[15] The antiglare laminate according to any one of [12] to [14], wherein the resin layer contains a cured product of a curable resin composition.
[16] The antiglare laminate according to any one of [12] to [15], wherein the substrate is an acrylic resin substrate.

[17] An optical laminate having a resin layer on a substrate,
The resin layer has a first resin layer and a second resin layer from the substrate side,
The first resin layer has a region α1 independent of each other and a region α2 surrounding the region α1, and the resin contained in the region α1 and the resin contained in the region α2 are different,
The second resin layer has a region β1 independent of each other and a region β2 surrounding the region β1, and the resin contained in the region β1 and the resin contained in the region β2 are different,
An optical laminate that satisfies Condition 1B or Condition 2B below.
<Condition 1B>
θa1 indicating the average inclination angle of the surface of the base material facing the resin layer and θa2 indicating the average inclination angle of the surface of the first resin layer facing the second resin layer have a relationship of θa2<θa1. is.
<Condition 2B>
Pa1 indicating the arithmetic mean height of the surface of the base material on the resin layer side and Pa2 indicating the arithmetic mean height of the surface of the first resin layer on the second resin layer side satisfy Pa2<Pa1 is the relationship.
[18] The optical laminate according to [17], wherein θa1 is 5.0 degrees or more and 20.0 degrees or less.
[19] The optical laminate according to [17] or [18], wherein θa2 is 10.0 degrees or less.
[20] The optical laminate according to [17], wherein Pa1 is 0.05 μm or more and 0.25 μm or less.
[21] The optical laminate according to [17] or [18], wherein the Pa2 is 0.15 μm or less.
[22] The base material side of the center of the thickness direction of the first resin layer is defined as a first region, and the second resin layer side of the center of the thickness direction of the first resin layer is defined as a second region. The optical laminate according to any one of [17] to [21], wherein 70% or more of the region α1 is present in the second region.
[23] The resin contained in the region α1 and the resin contained in the region β2 are substantially the same, and the resin contained in the region α2 and the resin contained in the region β1 are substantially the same. , the optical laminate according to any one of [17] to [22].
[24] The optical laminate according to any one of [17] to [23], wherein the resin layer contains first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or more.
[25] The optical laminate according to [24], wherein the second resin layer contains the first particles.
[26] The optical laminate according to [24] or [25], wherein the first particles are organic particles.
[27] The optical laminate according to any one of [17] to [26], wherein the substrate is an acrylic resin substrate.
[28] The optical laminate according to any one of [17] to [27], wherein the resin layer contains a cured product of a curable resin composition.

[29] A polarizing plate having a polarizer, a first transparent protective plate arranged on one side of the polarizer, and a second transparent protective plate arranged on the other side of the polarizer. At least one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the antiglare laminate according to [1] to [16] and the optical laminate according to [17] to [28]. A polarizing plate, which is any antiglare laminate or optical laminate selected from the body.
[30] Any antiglare laminate selected from the antiglare laminate described in [1] to [16] and the optical laminate described in [17] to [28] or an optical An image display device having a laminate.
[31] The image display device is a foldable type image display device or a rollable type image display device, and the antiglare laminate according to any one of [1] to [16] is provided on the display element. The image display device according to [30], having a body.

The antiglare laminate of the present disclosure can have good pencil hardness and bending resistance. Since the polarizing plate and the image display device of the present disclosure have an antiglare laminate with excellent pencil hardness and bending resistance, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom in designing the polarizing plate and the image display device.

The optical layered body, polarizing plate, and image display device of the present disclosure can suppress deterioration in adhesion and change in transmission image definition after the light resistance test.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of an antiglare laminate according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an antiglare laminate of Comparative Example 1-3. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an antiglare laminate of Comparative Example 1-4. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an image display device of the present disclosure; FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the antiglare laminate of the second embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an antiglare laminate of Comparative Example 2-2; 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an image display device of the present disclosure; FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an optical laminate of the present disclosure; FIG. It is a figure explaining the method of calculating the position of area|region (alpha)1 in the thickness direction of the 1st resin layer of an optical laminated body. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an image display device of the present disclosure; FIG.

Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below.
[Anti-glare laminate of the first embodiment]
The antiglare laminate of the first embodiment of the present disclosure has a resin layer on a substrate,
The resin layer has a first resin layer and a second resin layer from the substrate side,
The resin layer contains first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or more,
70% or more of the first particles based on the number exist across the first resin layer and the second resin layer,
It is an antiglare laminate that satisfies the following formula 1.
5.0<t1/t2<15.0 (Formula 1)
[In Formula 1, t1 represents the average thickness of the first resin layer, and t2 represents the average thickness of the second resin layer. ]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of an antiglare laminate 100A according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
An antiglare laminate 100A in FIG. 1 has a resin layer 20A on a substrate 10. As shown in FIG. Moreover, the resin layer 20A of FIG. 1 has a first resin layer 21A and a second resin layer 22A from the substrate 10 side. Moreover, the resin layer 20A of FIG. 1 contains first particles 23A having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm or more. Further, the first particles 23A in FIG. 1 exist across the first resin layer 21A and the second resin layer 22A.
Note that FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view. That is, the scale of each layer constituting the antiglare laminate 100A, the scale of each material, and the scale of the surface irregularities are schematic for ease of illustration, and are different from the actual scale. Figures other than FIG. 1 are also different from the actual scale.

<Base material>
The substrate preferably has good light transmittance, smoothness, heat resistance and mechanical strength. Such substrates include polyester, triacetyl cellulose (TAC), cellulose diacetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, polyamide, polyimide, polyethersulfone, polysulfone, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetal, Resin substrates containing resins such as polyether ketone, acrylic resin, polycarbonate, polyurethane and amorphous olefin (Cyclo-Olefin-Polymer: COP) can be mentioned. The resin substrate may be a laminate of two or more resin substrates.
The resin substrate is preferably stretched in order to improve mechanical strength and dimensional stability.

Among the resin substrates, acrylic resin substrates are preferred because they have low hygroscopicity and therefore tend to have good dimensional stability, and have low optical anisotropy and thus tend to have good visibility. In addition, the acrylic resin base material has a predetermined composition of the coating liquid for the resin layer and a predetermined drying condition, so that the first resin layer and the second resin layer can be easily formed by one application. can.
Since the acrylic resin substrate is hard and brittle, the bending resistance may be insufficient when the resin layer containing the cured product of the curable resin composition is formed on the acrylic resin substrate. In the antiglare laminate of the present disclosure, even if a resin layer containing a cured product of a curable resin composition is formed on an acrylic resin substrate, the first particles are present at predetermined positions in the thickness direction of the resin layer. and satisfying Formula 1, the decrease in bending resistance can be easily suppressed.
As used herein, acrylic resin means acrylic resin and/or methacrylic resin.

The acrylic resin contained in the acrylic resin substrate is not particularly limited. ) those obtained using methyl acrylate are preferred. Further, as the acrylic resin, JP-A-2000-230016, JP-A-2001-151814, JP-A-2002-120326, JP-A-2002-254544, JP-A-2005-146084, etc. things are also mentioned. As the acrylic resin, one having a ring structure such as an acrylic resin having a lactone ring structure or an acrylic resin having an imide ring structure may be used.

The acrylic resin preferably has a glass transition point (Tg) of 100° C. or higher and 150° C. or lower, more preferably 105° C. or higher and 135° C. or lower, even more preferably 110° C. or higher and 130° C. or lower.
When the acrylic resin has a glass transition point of 100° C. or higher, excessive dissolution of the acrylic resin base material can be easily suppressed during formation of the resin layer. When the glass transition point of the acrylic resin is 150° C. or lower, the degree of dissolution of the acrylic resin base material when forming the resin layer can be easily controlled.

The acrylic resin substrate may contain a resin other than the acrylic resin, but the ratio of the acrylic resin to the total resin constituting the acrylic resin substrate is preferably 80% by mass or more, and is 90% by mass or more. is more preferable, and 95% by mass or more is even more preferable.

The acrylic resin substrate can be produced, for example, by melt extruding pellets made of a humidity-conditioned acrylic resin, stretching the pellets in the longitudinal direction while cooling, and then stretching the pellets in the transverse direction.
In the melt-extrusion step, a screw having one screw, two screws, or two or more screws can be used, and the direction of rotation, number of rotations, and melting temperature of the screw can be set arbitrarily.
Stretching is preferably carried out so as to obtain a desired thickness after stretching. Moreover, although the draw ratio is not limited, it is preferably 1.2 times or more and 4.5 times or less. The temperature and humidity during stretching can be arbitrarily determined. The stretching method may be a general method.

The average thickness of the substrate is preferably 10 µm or more, more preferably 20 µm or more, and even more preferably 35 µm or more. By setting the average thickness of the substrate to 10 μm or more, the antiglare laminate can be easily handled with good performance.
The average thickness of the substrate is preferably 100 µm or less, more preferably 80 µm or less, and even more preferably 60 µm or less. By setting the average thickness of the substrate to 100 μm or less, the anti-glare laminate can be easily improved in flex resistance.
Preferred ranges for the average thickness of the substrate are 10 μm to 100 μm, 10 μm to 80 μm, 10 μm to 60 μm, 20 μm to 100 μm, 20 μm to 80 μm, 20 μm to 60 μm, 35 μm to 100 μm, and 35 μm or more. 80 μm or less, or 35 μm or more and 60 μm or less.

The average thickness of the base material mentioned above means the average thickness of the base material when the antiglare laminate is completed. As will be described later, when the average thickness of the base material when the antiglare laminate is completed is reduced from the average thickness of the initial base material by partially dissolving the base material by the resin layer coating liquid. There is Therefore, it is preferable that the initial average thickness of the base material is greater than the average thickness of the base material when the antiglare laminate is completed. The difference between the initial average thickness of the base material and the average thickness of the base material when the antiglare laminate is completed varies depending on the thickness of the resin layer, the composition of the coating liquid for the resin layer, the drying conditions of the coating liquid, and the like. Therefore, although it cannot be generalized, it is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, and more preferably 1 μm or more and 5 μm or less.

The average thickness of the base material can be calculated from the average value of 20 arbitrary points selected from cross-sectional photographs of the antiglare laminate taken by a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), for example. It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 1000 times or more and 7000 times or less.
Average thickness of the substrate, thickness of the first resin layer, thickness of the second resin layer, position of the first particles in the thickness direction of the resin layer, average inclination angle of the surface of the substrate on the resin layer side, substrate In order to measure the arithmetic mean height and the like of the surface of the resin layer of , it is necessary to prepare a measurement sample in which the cross section of the antiglare laminate is exposed. The sample can be prepared, for example, by steps (A1) to (A2) described later. If the interface is difficult to see due to insufficient contrast, the sample may be dyed with osmium tetroxide, ruthenium tetroxide, phosphotungstic acid, or the like as a pretreatment.

In this specification, various measurements and evaluations, and the atmosphere in which sampling for measurement and evaluation is performed are measured at a temperature of 23 ± 5 ° C. and a relative humidity of 40% or more and 65% or less, unless otherwise specified. and In addition, the target antiglare laminate shall be exposed to the atmosphere for 30 minutes or longer before the measurement, evaluation and sampling. The atmosphere described above is common to the antiglare laminate of the first embodiment, the antiglare laminate of the second embodiment, and the optical laminate.

The substrate preferably has an average inclination angle of 5.0 degrees or more and 15.0 degrees or less on the resin layer side surface of the substrate.
By setting the average inclination angle to 5 degrees or more, the bending resistance of the antiglare laminate can be easily improved. It is considered that the reason why the bending resistance is improved is that the adhesiveness between the base material and the resin layer is improved so that interfacial peeling does not occur during bending.
By setting the average tilt angle to 15 degrees or less, it is possible to easily suppress an increase in internal haze. Further, in the case of an embodiment in which a part of the substrate is dissolved in the resin layer coating liquid, the pencil hardness can be easily improved by setting the average tilt angle to 15 degrees or less. The reason why the pencil hardness can be easily improved in the above-described embodiment is considered to be that the hardness of the resin layer is less likely to decrease due to the excessive elution of the base material component into the resin layer.
The average tilt angle of the substrate is more preferably 5.5 degrees or more, and even more preferably 6.0 degrees or more. The average tilt angle of the substrate is more preferably 14.0 degrees or less, and even more preferably 13.0 degrees or less.
Preferred ranges of the average tilt angle of the substrate are 5.0 degrees or more and 15.0 degrees or less, 5.0 degrees or more and 14.0 degrees or less, 5.0 degrees or more and 13.0 degrees or less, and 5.0 degrees or more and 13.0 degrees or less. 5 degrees or more and 15.0 degrees or less, 5.5 degrees or more and 14.0 degrees or less, 5.5 degrees or more and 13.0 degrees or less, 6.0 degrees or more and 15.0 degrees or less, 6.0 degrees or more and 14.0 degrees degrees or less, and 6.0 degrees or more and 13.0 degrees or less.

The average tilt angle of the substrate and the arithmetic average height of the substrate can be measured, for example, as follows.
(1) A cross-sectional photograph of the antiglare laminate is taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 5000 times or more and 10000 times or less.
(2) Acquire the ridgeline of the interface between the substrate and the resin layer from the image of the cross-sectional photograph, and acquire the height data. Specifically, the following (a) to (l) are performed. The interface between the substrate and the resin layer corresponds to the surface of the substrate on the resin layer side.
(a) Display captured images with the open source and public domain image processing software ImageJ (version 1.52a).
(b) Obtain the length per pixel from the scale representation displayed in the image.
(c) Select “FreeHand Selections”, create a ROI that includes the interface, and adjust the Brightness so that the colors are clearly different across the interface.
(d) Apply Process-Smooth twice.
(e) Set Image-Type to 8bit.
(f) Select “Straight” to draw a line along the interface.
(g) Install and run ABSnake, which is a Plugin of ImageJ. At that time, set “Gradient threshold” to 10 and set Draw color to Red. Leave other settings as default.
(h) Visually confirm that the interface is traced with Red. If it is defective, start over from (f).
(i) Run Image-Adjust-Color Threshold. Set a threshold to separate Red from the rest. Specifically, set the color space to RGB, check "Pass" for "Red", "Green" and "Blue", set the upper and lower limits of the Red range to the maximum value (255), and set "Green" and " Set the upper and lower limits of the range of "Blue" to the minimum value (0).
(j) Execute Process-Binary-Make Binary to binarize the trace line portion of the interface and the portion other than the trace line.
(k) Save the binarized data with “Text Image” with File-Save As.
(l) From the binarized data, convert the interface into a height data point sequence.
(3) Calculate the average tilt angle and the arithmetic average height from the height data point sequence according to the following procedures (m) to (q).
(m) Obtain the center line of the height data by quadratic regression using the least squares method, and subtract the center line from the height data so that the center line is 0 and the upward direction is positive, and the downward direction is negative. Let the direction of the center line be the x-axis, and the direction perpendicular to it (height direction) be the y-axis.
(n) Convert the height data to length using the length per pixel obtained in (b).
(o) Apply a Gaussian low-pass filter with a cut-off wavelength of 0.5 μm.
(p) tan ⁻¹ ((y _i+1 −y _i−1 )/2Δx) [y _i is the height at the i-th point in the height data point sequence, Δx is the x-axis distance between adjacent points] The average tilt angle is obtained by calculating the arithmetic mean of the absolute values of the tilt angles of the obtained points.
(q) Calculate the arithmetic mean height by calculating the arithmetic mean of the absolute values of the height of each point.

The substrate preferably has an arithmetic mean height of 0.05 μm or more and 0.25 μm or less on the resin layer side surface of the substrate.
By setting the arithmetic mean height to 0.05 μm or more, the bending resistance of the antiglare laminate can be easily improved. It is considered that the reason why the bending resistance is improved is that the adhesiveness between the base material and the resin layer is improved so that interfacial peeling does not occur during bending.
By setting the arithmetic mean height to 0.25 μm or less, it is possible to easily suppress an increase in internal haze. Further, in the case of an embodiment in which a part of the substrate is dissolved in the resin layer coating liquid, by setting the arithmetic mean height to 0.25 μm or less, the pencil hardness can be easily improved. The reason why the pencil hardness can be easily improved in the above-described embodiment is considered to be that the hardness of the resin layer is less likely to decrease due to the excessive elution of the base material component into the resin layer.
The arithmetic mean height of the substrate is more preferably 0.07 μm or more, and even more preferably 0.09 μm or more. The arithmetic mean height of the substrate is more preferably 0.23 μm or less, and even more preferably 0.20 μm or less.
Embodiments of suitable ranges for the arithmetic mean height of the substrate are 0.05 μm to 0.25 μm, 0.05 μm to 0.23 μm, 0.05 μm to 0.20 μm, 0.07 μm to 0.25 μm 0.07 μm or more and 0.23 μm or less, 0.07 μm or more and 0.20 μm or less, 0.09 μm or more and 0.25 μm or less, 0.09 μm or more and 0.23 μm or less, and 0.09 μm or more and 0.20 μm or less.

In order to keep the average inclination angle and the arithmetic mean height of the surface of the resin layer side of the base material within the ranges described above, it is preferable to dissolve part of the base material in the resin layer coating liquid. However, when the substrate is dissolved in the resin layer coating liquid, it is preferable that the resin layer coating liquid has a predetermined composition and predetermined drying conditions. The prescribed composition and prescribed drying conditions will be described later.

The base material of the antiglare laminate and the base material of the optical laminate of the first and second embodiments may contain additives such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers and plasticizers. good.
Physical treatment such as corona discharge treatment was applied to the surface of the base material of the antiglare laminate of the first and second embodiments and the surface of the base material of the optical laminate in order to improve adhesion. Treatment or chemical treatment may be applied, or an easy-adhesion layer may be formed.

<Resin layer>
The resin layer is required to have a first resin layer and a second resin layer from the substrate side.
Moreover, the first resin layer and the second resin layer need to satisfy the following formula 1.
5.0<t1/t2<15.0 (Formula 1)
[In formula 1, t1 indicates the average thickness of the first resin layer, and t2 indicates the average thickness of the second resin layer. ]

For the first resin layer and the second resin layer, for example, a resin layer coating liquid containing the first particles, a resin component, and a solvent is applied onto the base material, dried, and cured as necessary. It can be formed by The resin layer coating liquid may further contain inorganic fine particles and additives, if necessary.
In the case of the above method, the resin layer coating liquid dissolves a part of the base material, and the region formed by mixing the component eluted from the base material with the resin layer coating liquid becomes the first resin layer. A region containing the resin layer coating liquid as a main component and containing almost no component eluted from the base material serves as the second resin layer. That is, in the above method, the first resin layer and the second resin layer can be formed by one application using one resin layer coating liquid.
In the above method, it is important to set the resin layer coating liquid to a predetermined composition and to set the drying conditions to predetermined conditions. The prescribed composition and prescribed drying conditions will be described later.
The method of applying the resin layer coating liquid onto the substrate is not particularly limited, and may be spin coating, dipping, spraying, die coating, bar coating, gravure coating, roll coating, meniscus coating, or flexographic printing. general-purpose coating methods such as coating method, screen printing method, and speed coater method.
When curing the resin layer coating liquid, it is preferable to irradiate ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams. Specific examples of ultraviolet light sources include ultra-high pressure mercury lamps, high pressure mercury lamps, low pressure mercury lamps, carbon arc lamps, black light fluorescent lamps and metal halide lamps. Moreover, the wavelength of the ultraviolet rays is preferably in the wavelength range of 190 nm or more and 380 nm or less. Specific examples of electron beam sources include various electron beam accelerators such as Cockcroftwald type, Vandegraft type, resonant transformer type, insulating core transformer type, linear type, dynamitron type, and high frequency type.

As a means for forming two resin layers, two resin layer coating liquids were prepared as in Comparative Examples 1-3 and 1-4 described later, and after forming the first resin layer, two resin layers were formed. Means for laminating the resin layers for each layer can be considered. However, when particles are included in the coating liquid for the first layer, it is difficult to improve anti-glare properties, and when particles are included in the coating liquid for the second layer, it is difficult to improve bending resistance. In addition, it is difficult to achieve good adhesion between the first layer and the second layer by means of forming two resin layers using two resin layer coating liquids.
Therefore, it is preferable to form the first resin layer and the second resin layer by one application using one resin layer coating liquid, as in the method described above.

When the resin layer is a single layer, it is difficult to improve the flex resistance or pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate. For example, in the case of a single resin layer having a high hardness, it is difficult to improve the flex resistance of the antiglare laminate. Moreover, in the case of a single resin layer having a low hardness, it is difficult to improve the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate.
Furthermore, even if the resin layer has the first resin layer and the second resin layer, if the formula 1 is not satisfied, it is possible to improve the bending resistance or pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate. Can not. Since the second resin layer is farther from the substrate than the first resin layer, the content of the component eluted from the substrate is smaller in the second resin layer than in the first resin layer. Therefore, the hardness of the second resin layer tends to be higher than the hardness of the first resin layer. That t1/t2 is 15.0 or more means that the ratio of the thickness of the second resin layer with high hardness is small. Therefore, when t1/t2 is 15.0 or more, the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate cannot be improved. Further, when t1/t2 is 5.0 or less, it means that the ratio of the thickness of the second resin layer with high hardness is large. Therefore, when t1/t2 is 5.0 or less, the anti-glare laminate cannot have good bending resistance.

t1/t2 is preferably 5.5 or more, more preferably 6.0 or more. Also, t1/t2 is preferably 14.0 or less, more preferably 13.5 or less.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for t1/t2 are greater than 5.0 and less than 15.0; greater than 5.0 and less than 14.0; greater than 5.0 and less than 13.5; 5 or more and 14.0 or less, 5.5 or more and 13.5 or less, 6.0 or more and less than 15.0, 6.0 or more and 14.0 or less, 6.0 or more and 13.5 or less.

The lower limit of the thickness of the entire resin layer (in other words, the total thickness of the first resin layer and the second resin layer) is preferably 7.0 μm or more, more preferably 8.0 μm or more, and more preferably 9.0 μm or more. More preferably, the upper limit is preferably 15.0 μm or less, more preferably 14.0 μm or less, and even more preferably 13.0 μm or less.
Preferred embodiments of the thickness of the entire resin layer are 7.0 μm or more and 15.0 μm or less, 7.0 μm or more and 14.0 μm or less, 7.0 μm or more and 13.0 μm or less, 8.0 μm or more and 15.0 μm or less, 8.0 μm or more and 14.0 μm or less, 8.0 μm or more and 13.0 μm or less, 9.0 μm or more and 15.0 μm or less, 9.0 μm or more and 14.0 μm or less, and 9.0 μm or more and 13.0 μm or less.
The lower limit of the average thickness t1 of the first resin layer is preferably 5.0 μm or more, more preferably 7.0 μm or more, and still more preferably 8.5 μm or more, and the upper limit is preferably 13.0 μm or less, and 12.0 μm. The following is more preferable, and 11.0 μm or less is even more preferable. By setting t1 to 5.0 μm or more, it is possible to easily improve the bending resistance, and by setting t1 to be 13.0 μm or less, it is possible to easily suppress a decrease in pencil hardness.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for t1 are 5.0 μm to 13.0 μm, 5.0 μm to 12.0 μm, 5.0 μm to 11.0 μm, 7.0 μm to 13.0 μm, 7.0 μm or more. 12.0 μm or less, 7.0 μm or more and 11.0 μm or less, 8.5 μm or more and 13.0 μm or less, 8.5 μm or more and 12.0 μm or less, and 8.5 μm or more and 11.0 μm or less.
The average thickness t2 of the second resin layer has a lower limit of preferably 0.3 μm or more, more preferably 0.5 μm or more, and still more preferably 0.7 μm or more, and an upper limit of 4.0 μm or less, preferably 3.0 μm. The following is more preferable, and 2.7 μm or less is even more preferable. By setting t2 to 0.3 μm or more, the pencil hardness can be easily improved, and by setting t2 to 4.0 μm or less, deterioration of bending resistance can be easily suppressed.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for t2 are 0.3 μm to 4.0 μm, 0.3 μm to 3.0 μm, 0.3 μm to 2.7 μm, 0.5 μm to 4.0 μm, 0.5 μm or more. 3.0 μm or less, 0.5 μm or more and 2.7 μm or less, 0.7 μm or more and 4.0 μm or less, 0.7 μm or more and 3.0 μm or less, and 0.7 μm or more and 2.7 μm or less.

For the average thickness of the first resin layer and the average thickness of the second resin layer, for example, 20 arbitrary points of cross-sectional photographs of the antiglare laminate taken by a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) are selected. , can be calculated from its average value. It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 1000 times or more and 7000 times or less.

The resin layer is required to contain first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or more.
If the resin layer does not contain the first particles, the antiglare property cannot be imparted to the antiglare laminate.

In the resin layer, 70% or more based on the number of the first particles need to exist across the first resin layer and the second resin layer.
The existence of the first particles 23A across the first resin layer 21A and the second resin layer 22A means that the first particles 23A extend across the first resin layer 21A and the second resin layer 22A in the thickness direction of the resin layer 20A as shown in FIG. means that it exists on both sides of the resin layer 21A side and the second resin layer 22A side. On the other hand, in FIG. 2, the first particles 23A do not exist across the first resin layer 21A and the second resin layer 22A, but exist on one side of the second resin layer 22A. In FIG. 3, the first particles 23A do not exist across the first resin layer 21A and the second resin layer 22A, but exist on one side of the first resin layer 21A.
In this specification, "70% or more of the first particles based on the number exist across the first resin layer and the second resin layer" means "the first particles are positioned in the thickness direction. Satisfy the conditions”. In this specification, "70% or more of the first particles based on the number do not exist across the first resin layer and the second resin layer" means "the first particles are positioned in the thickness direction. conditions are not met.”

If the first particles do not satisfy the condition of the position in the thickness direction, good antiglare properties and bending resistance cannot be obtained.
When the first particles do not satisfy the condition of the position in the thickness direction, more than 30% of the number-based number of the first particles does not straddle the first resin layer and the second resin layer, and the first resin layer and the second resin layer. In this specification, the first particles present in either the first resin layer or the second resin layer without straddling the first resin layer and the second resin layer are referred to as "biased first particles". It may be described as "particle of 1". If the first resin layer contains a large amount of uneven first particles, it is difficult for the first particles to form irregularities on the surface of the resin layer, and therefore antiglare properties cannot be improved. Moreover, when the antiglare laminate is bent, peeling may occur at the interface between the first particles and the resin layer, and the peeling causes deterioration of the bending resistance. Separation at the interface between the first particles and the resin layer is more difficult to suppress when the hardness of the resin layer is higher. For this reason, when the second resin layer contains a large amount of the first particles which are unevenly distributed, the flex resistance cannot be improved.

The ratio of the first particles present on both the first resin layer side and the second resin layer side in the thickness direction of the resin layer is preferably 80% or more based on the number, and is preferably 90% or more. It is more preferable to have

The position of the first particles in the thickness direction of the resin layer can be determined, for example, from a cross-sectional photograph of the antiglare laminate taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). Also, the ratio based on the number described above can be calculated from the cross-sectional photograph. In order to increase the reliability of the numerical value, it is preferable to obtain a plurality of cross-sectional photographs, set the total number of the first particles to 50 or more, and then calculate the above-mentioned number-based ratio.
It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 1000 times or more and 7000 times or less.

H1 indicating the indentation hardness in the middle in the thickness direction of the first resin layer and H2 indicating the indentation hardness in the middle in the thickness direction of the second resin layer have a relationship of H1<H2. preferable.
By satisfying the relationship H1<H2, the antiglare laminate can be easily improved in pencil hardness and flex resistance.

H1 and H2 are preferably 40 MPa<H2-H1. When H2-H1 is more than 40 MPa, the pencil hardness and flex resistance of the antiglare laminate can be easily improved. H2-H1 is more preferably 45 MPa or more, and even more preferably 50 MPa or more.
When H2-H1 is too large, the bending resistance of the antiglare laminate tends to decrease due to too large H2, and the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate tends to decrease due to too small H1. Therefore, H2-H1 is preferably 100 MPa or less, more preferably 90 MPa or less, and even more preferably 80 MPa or less.
The value of H2 can be adjusted by the resin component that constitutes the resin layer coating liquid. Since the value of H1 is the value of the mixture of the resin component constituting the resin layer coating liquid and the component eluted from the substrate, it can be adjusted by the two components.
Embodiments of preferred ranges of H2-H1 are greater than 40 MPa and less than or equal to 100 MPa, greater than 40 MPa and less than or equal to 90 MPa, greater than 40 MPa and less than or equal to 80 MPa, greater than or equal to 45 MPa and less than or equal to 100 MPa, greater than or equal to 45 MPa and less than or equal to 90 MPa, greater than or equal to 45 MPa and less than or equal to 80 MPa, greater than or equal to 50 MPa and less than or equal to 100 MPa, greater than or equal to 50 MPa and less than or equal to 90 MPa. Below, 50 MPa or more and 80 MPa or less are mentioned.

The lower limit of H1 is preferably 150 MPa or more, more preferably 160 MPa or more, and even more preferably 170 MPa or more, in order to facilitate good pencil hardness. To facilitate suppression, the pressure is preferably 250 MPa or less, more preferably 240 MPa or less, and even more preferably 230 MPa or less.
Embodiments of suitable ranges for H1 are 150 MPa to 250 MPa, 150 MPa to 240 MPa, 150 MPa to 230 MPa, 160 MPa to 250 MPa, 160 MPa to 240 MPa, 160 MPa to 230 MPa, 170 MPa to 250 MPa, 170 MPa to 240 MPa, 170 MPa or more and 230 MPa or less is mentioned.
The lower limit of H2 is preferably 230 MPa or more, more preferably 240 MPa or more, and still more preferably 245 MPa or more, in order to facilitate good pencil hardness. To facilitate suppression, the pressure is preferably 310 MPa or less, more preferably 290 MPa or less, and even more preferably 285 MPa or less.
Embodiments of suitable ranges for H2 include: 245 MPa or more and 285 MPa or less can be mentioned.

-Method for measuring indentation hardness-
In order to measure H1 to H3, it is necessary to prepare a measurement sample in which the cross section of the layer to be measured is exposed. The sample can be prepared, for example, by the following steps (A1) to (A2).

(A1) After preparing a cut sample by cutting the antiglare laminate into an arbitrary size, an embedding sample is prepared by embedding the cut sample in a resin. The size of the cut sample is, for example, a strip of 10 mm long×3 mm wide. The embedding resin is preferably an epoxy resin.
For the embedded sample, for example, the cut sample is placed in the silicon embedding plate, the embedding resin is poured in, and the embedding resin is cured. can be obtained by taking out the embedding resin enveloping the . In the case of the following epoxy resin manufactured by Struers, it is preferable that the above-described curing step is performed by allowing the resin to stand at room temperature for 12 hours. The shape of the embedded sample is block-like.
Examples of silicon embedding plates include those manufactured by Dosaka EM Co., Ltd. A silicon-embedded plate may also be referred to as a silicon capsule. As the epoxy resin for embedding, for example, a mixture of a trade name "Epofix" manufactured by Struers and a trade name "Hardener for Epofix" manufactured by the same company at a ratio of 10:1.2 can be used. .

(A2) A block-shaped embedded sample is cut vertically to prepare a sample for measurement of indentation hardness, in which a cross section of the antiglare laminate is exposed. The shape of the sample for measurement of indentation hardness remains blocky. The embedded sample is preferably cut through the center of the cut sample. Embedded samples are preferably cut with a diamond knife.
An example of an apparatus for cutting a block-shaped embedded sample is the product name "Ultramicrotome EM UC7" manufactured by Leica Microsystems. When cutting a block-shaped embedded sample, first cut roughly (rough trimming), and finally trim precisely under the conditions of "SPEED: 1.00 mm/s" and "FEED: 70 nm". is preferred.
As described above, among the sections cut from the block-shaped embedded sample, the section without defects such as holes and having a uniform thickness of 60 nm or more and 100 nm or less is the average thickness of the first resin layer, the first The average thickness of the resin layer of 2, the position of the first particles in the thickness direction of the resin layer, the average inclination angle of the resin layer side surface of the base material, the arithmetic mean height of the resin layer side surface of the base material, the first can be used as a sample for measuring the particle size of the particles and the particle size of the inorganic fine particles.

H1 to H3 are measured by pressing a Berkovich indenter (material: diamond triangular pyramid) vertically into a predetermined position on the cut surface of the sample described above.
The predetermined position is the middle of the thickness direction of the first resin layer in the measurement of H1, the middle of the thickness direction of the second resin layer in the measurement of H2, and the thickness of the substrate in the measurement of H3. in the middle of the direction. The center in the thickness direction of the first resin layer is preferably the center in the thickness direction of the first resin layer, but a deviation of 0.10 μm from the center is permissible. Similarly, the center in the thickness direction of the second resin layer is preferably the center in the thickness direction of the second resin layer, but a deviation of 0.10 μm from the center is permissible. Similarly, the center in the thickness direction of the substrate is preferably the center in the thickness direction of the substrate, but a deviation of 0.10 μm from the center is permissible.

The indentation hardness is preferably measured under the following conditions.
<Measurement conditions>
・ Used indenter: Berkovich indenter (model number: TI-0039, manufactured by BRUKER)
・Pushing conditions: Load control method ・Maximum load: 50 μN
・Load application time: 10 seconds (load change rate: 5 μN / sec)
・Holding time: 5 seconds ・Holding load: 50 μN
・ Load unloading time: 10 seconds (load change rate: -5 μN / sec)

The indentation hardness can be calculated as follows.
First, a load-displacement curve is created by continuously measuring the indentation depth h (nm) corresponding to the indentation load F (N). By analyzing the created load-displacement curve, the indentation hardness was obtained as a value obtained by dividing the maximum indentation load F _max (N) by the projected area A _p (mm ² ) where the indenter and the layer to be measured are in contact. _HIT can be calculated (formula 2 below).
_HIT = _Fmax / _Ap (equation 2)
Here, A _p is the projected contact area corrected for the tip curvature of the indenter by the Oliver-Pharr method using a standard sample of fused quartz (5-0098 manufactured by BRUKER).
As used herein, H1 to H3 mean the average values of measurements of 20 samples.

《First particle》
The first particles are particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or more. If the average particle size is less than 0.5 μm, it is difficult to form unevenness on the surface of the resin layer, and antiglare properties cannot be improved.

As the first particles, resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, melamine resin, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, benzoguanamine-melamine-formaldehyde condensate, silicone, fluorine-based resin and polyester-based resin. inorganic particles formed from one or more inorganic substances such as silica, alumina, zirconia and titania; Among these, organic particles are preferable because they are excellent in dispersion stability and have a relatively small specific gravity, so that the first particles can easily satisfy the positional conditions in the thickness direction.

The lower limit of the content of the first particles is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1.0 parts by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid. It is preferably 1.5 parts by mass or more, and the upper limit is preferably 10.0 parts by mass or less, more preferably 5.0 parts by mass or less, and 3.0 parts by mass or less. It is even more preferable to have
By setting the content of the first particles to 0.5 parts by mass or more, the antiglare property can be easily improved. Further, by setting the content of the first particles to 10.0 parts by mass or less, it is possible to easily suppress deterioration in bending resistance.
An embodiment of a preferred range of the content of the first particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component is 0.5 parts by mass or more and 10.0 parts by mass or less, 0.5 parts by mass or more and 5.0 parts by mass or less, 0 .5 to 3.0 parts by mass, 1.0 to 10.0 parts by mass, 1.0 to 5.0 parts by mass, 1.0 to 3.0 parts by mass , 1.5 to 10.0 parts by mass, 1.5 to 5.0 parts by mass, and 1.5 to 3.0 parts by mass.

The average particle size of the first particles is preferably 0.8 μm or more, more preferably 1.0 μm or more.
The average particle diameter of the first particles is preferably 3.0 μm or less, more preferably 2.7 μm or less, so that the first particles can easily satisfy the position condition in the thickness direction. 0.5 μm or less is more preferable.
Preferred embodiments of the average particle size of the first particles are 0.8 μm or more and 3.0 μm or less, 0.8 μm or more and 2.7 μm or less, 0.8 μm or more and 2.5 μm or less, 1.0 μm or more and 3.0 μm or less. 0 μm or less, 1.0 μm or more and 2.7 μm or less, or 1.0 μm or more and 2.5 μm or less.

The average particle size of the first particles can be calculated, for example, by the following operations (B1) to (B3).
(B1) Take a transmission observation image of the antiglare laminate with an optical microscope. The magnification is preferably 500 times or more and 2000 times or less.
(B2) Extract arbitrary 10 particles from the observation image and calculate the particle diameter of each particle. The particle size is measured as the distance between two straight lines that provide the maximum distance between any two parallel straight lines that sandwich the cross section of the particle.
(B3) Perform the same operation 5 times on observation images of the same sample on different screens, and take the value obtained from the number average of the particle diameters for a total of 50 particles as the average particle diameter of the particles.
However, when the first particles cannot be optically observed, the average particle diameter of the first particles is calculated by the following (B4) to (B6).
(B4) Using a microtome, the antiglare laminate is cut so as to have a cross section passing through the center of the first particle. The thickness of the section is preferably 60 nm to 100 nm. A plurality of sections are continuously produced for each first particle, and the section that maximizes the particle diameter calculated from each section by the operation of (B5) is taken as the section that passes through the center of the first particle. be able to.
(B5) The obtained section is observed with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to calculate the particle size. The method for calculating the particle size is the same as in (B2). The magnification is preferably 5,000 times or more and 20,000 times or less.
(B6) The operations of (B4) to (B5) are performed on 20 particles, and the value obtained from the number average of the particle diameters of 20 particles is taken as the average particle diameter of the first particles.

D1 indicating the average particle diameter of the first particles and t2 indicating the average thickness of the second resin layer preferably have a relationship of t2<D1. When t2<D1, the surface of the antiglare layered body can be easily provided with an uneven shape by the first particles, so that the antiglare property can be easily improved.
D1-t2 is preferably 0.5 μm or more, more preferably 0.7 μm or more.

If D1-t2 is too large, the first particles protrude from the surface of the second resin layer, which may reduce the bending resistance. Therefore, D1-t2 is preferably 2.0 μm or less, more preferably 1.7 μm or less, and even more preferably 1.5 μm or less.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for D1-t2 are 0.5 μm to 2.0 μm, 0.5 μm to 1.7 μm, 0.5 μm to 1.5 μm, 0.7 μm to 2.0 μm, 0.5 μm to 1.7 μm. 7 μm or more and 1.7 μm or less, and 0.7 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less.

D1 indicating the average particle diameter of the first particles and t1 indicating the average thickness of the first resin layer preferably have a relationship of D1<t1. By setting D1<t1, the flex resistance can be easily improved.
t1-D1 is preferably 4.0 μm or more, more preferably 5.0 μm or more, and even more preferably 6.0 μm or more.

If t1-D1 is too large, the thickness of the first resin layer with low hardness increases, which may lower the pencil hardness. Therefore, t1-D1 is preferably 10.0 μm or less, more preferably 9.0 μm or less, and even more preferably 8.5 μm or less.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for t1-D1 are 5.0 μm to 10.0 μm, 5.0 μm to 9.0 μm, 5.0 μm to 8.5 μm, 6.0 μm to 10.0 μm; 0 μm or more and 9.0 μm or less, and 6.0 μm or more and 8.5 μm or less.

《Inorganic fine particles》
The resin layer may contain inorganic fine particles. Since the resin layer contains inorganic fine particles having a relatively large specific gravity, the first particles are less likely to sink below the resin layer, so that the first particles can easily satisfy the positional condition in the thickness direction. In addition, the inorganic fine particles can enhance the dispersibility of the first particles and easily suppress the deterioration of the bending resistance.
In this specification, inorganic fine particles mean inorganic particles having an average primary particle size of 200 nm or less.
The average particle size of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less, more preferably 2 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and even more preferably 5 nm or more and 50 nm or less.

The average particle size of the inorganic fine particles can be calculated by the following operations (C1) to (C3).
(C1) A cross section of the antiglare laminate is imaged with a TEM or STEM. The acceleration voltage of the TEM or STEM is preferably 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification is preferably 50,000 times or more and 300,000 times or less.
(C2) Any 10 inorganic fine particles are extracted from the observation image, and the particle diameter of each inorganic fine particle is calculated. The particle diameter is measured as the distance between two arbitrary parallel straight lines sandwiching the cross section of the inorganic fine particles, and the distance between the two straight lines being the maximum.
(C3) Perform the same operation 5 times on observation images of the same sample on different screens, and use the average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles as the value obtained from the number average of the particle diameters for a total of 50 particles.

Examples of inorganic fine particles include fine particles made of silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, and the like. Among these, silica is preferable since it easily suppresses the generation of internal haze.

The lower limit of the content of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid. It is more preferably 0.7 parts by mass or more, and the upper limit is preferably 5.0 parts by mass or less, more preferably 3.0 parts by mass or less, and 2.0 parts by mass or less. is more preferred.
By setting the content of the inorganic fine particles to 0.1 part by mass or more, the first particles can easily satisfy the positional condition in the thickness direction. In addition, by setting the content of the inorganic fine particles to 5.0 parts by mass or less, it is possible to prevent the first particles from floating excessively above the resin layer. Easy to fill.
In embodiments, the content of the inorganic fine particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more and 5.0 parts by mass or less, 0.1 parts by mass or more and 3.0 parts by mass or less, 0.1 parts by mass to 2.0 parts by mass, 0.5 parts by mass to 5.0 parts by mass, 0.5 parts by mass to 3.0 parts by mass, 0.5 parts by mass to 2.0 parts by mass, 0 7 to 5.0 parts by mass, 0.7 to 3.0 parts by mass, and 0.7 to 2.0 parts by mass.

《Resin component》
The resin layer preferably contains a cured product of a curable resin composition as a resin component. By including the cured product of the curable resin composition in the resin layer, it is possible to easily improve the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate. The cured product of the curable resin composition is preferably contained in both the first resin layer and the second resin layer.

The ratio of the curable resin composition to the total amount of the resin component in the resin layer coating liquid is preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and further preferably 95% by mass or more. Preferably, 100% by mass is most preferable.

The cured product of the curable resin composition includes a cured product of a thermosetting resin composition and a cured product of an ionizing radiation-curable resin composition. Among these, a cured product of an ionizing radiation-curable resin composition is preferable because it is easy to increase the pencil hardness and to easily dissolve the substrate in the uncured state of the composition.

A thermosetting resin composition is a composition containing at least a thermosetting resin, and is a resin composition that is cured by heating.
Thermosetting resins include acrylic resins, urethane resins, phenol resins, urea melamine resins, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, silicone resins, and the like. If necessary, a curing agent is added to these curable resins in the thermosetting resin composition.

An ionizing radiation-curable resin composition is a composition containing a compound having an ionizing radiation-curable functional group (hereinafter also referred to as an "ionizing radiation-curable compound"). Examples of ionizing radiation-curable functional groups include ethylenically unsaturated bond groups such as (meth)acryloyl groups, vinyl groups, and allyl groups, epoxy groups, and oxetanyl groups. As the ionizing radiation-curable compound, a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond group is preferred.
Ionizing radiation refers to electromagnetic waves or charged particle beams that have energy quanta capable of polymerizing or cross-linking molecules. Usually, ultraviolet rays or electron beams are used, but other electromagnetic waves such as X-rays and gamma rays are also used. , α-rays, ion beams, and other charged particle beams can also be used.
As used herein, a (meth)acryloyl group refers to an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group. Moreover, in this specification, (meth)acrylate indicates acrylate or methacrylate.

As the ionizing radiation-curable compound, both a monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable compound having one ionizing radiation-curable functional group and a polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable compound having two or more ionizing radiation-curable functional groups are used. be able to. Both monomers and oligomers can be used as the ionizing radiation-curable compound.
In order to partially dissolve the base material, increase the pencil hardness, and make it easier to suppress cure shrinkage, the following mixtures (a) to (c) can be used as the ionizing radiation-curable compound. is preferred. The following (a) to (c) are preferably compounds having an ethylenically unsaturated bond group as an ionizing radiation-curable functional group, more preferably (meth)acrylate compounds. As the (meth)acrylate compound, a part of the molecular skeleton modified with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, caprolactone, isocyanuric acid, alkyl, cyclic alkyl, aromatic, bisphenol or the like can also be used.
(a) monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (c) polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer

By including the monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a) as the ionizing radiation-curable compound, a part of the substrate can be easily dissolved, and the component eluted from the substrate can be used for the resin layer. It can be easily dissolved in the components of the coating liquid. In addition, since the viscosity of the resin layer coating liquid is reduced by including the monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a), the mixture of the resin layer coating liquid and the component eluted from the substrate tends to convect. Become. As a result, the thickness of the first resin layer becomes larger than the thickness of the second resin layer, so that t1/t2 can easily be made more than 5.
However, if the amount of the monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a) is too large, the base material will be dissolved excessively, resulting in a decrease in strength of the base material and a decrease in pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate. may decrease. In addition, if the amount of the monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a) is too large, the above-mentioned convection becomes intense, so that the thickness of the first resin layer becomes too large relative to the thickness of the second resin layer. , t1/t2 may exceed 15.
By including the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) as the ionizing radiation-curable compound, the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate can be easily improved. However, if the amount of the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) is too large, the hardness of the resin layer may become too high, and the flex resistance of the antiglare laminate may decrease.
By containing the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer (c) as the ionizing radiation-curable compound, curing shrinkage can be easily suppressed while maintaining the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate. However, if the amount of the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer (c) is too large, the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate may decrease.

The amount of the monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a) with respect to the total amount of the ionizing radiation-curable compound is preferably 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and is 15% by mass or more and 35% by mass or less. is more preferable, and more preferably 17% by mass or more and 33% by mass or less.
The amount of the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) with respect to the total amount of the ionizing radiation-curable compound is preferably 5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, and 6% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less. is more preferable, and more preferably 7% by mass or more and 13% by mass or less.
The amount of (c) polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer relative to the total amount of ionizing radiation-curable compounds is preferably 40% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less, and is preferably 50% by mass or more and 77% by mass or less. More preferably, it is 55% by mass or more and 75% by mass or less.

Monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomers (a) include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, pentyl (meth)acrylate, and hexyl (meth)acrylate. , cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate , 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate and the like. Among these, a monofunctional monomer having a hydroxyl group such as 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate is preferable because it tends to improve adhesion to the substrate.

Among the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomers (b), bifunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomers include ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, bisphenol A tetraethoxy diacrylate, bisphenol A tetrapropoxy diacrylate, 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate and the like. Trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra (Meth)acrylates, isocyanuric acid-modified tri(meth)acrylates, and the like.
The number of functional groups in the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) is preferably 3 or more and 5 or less, more preferably 3 or more and 4 or less, in order to increase pencil hardness and suppress curing shrinkage. , 3 is more preferred.

Examples of the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer (c) include acrylate polymers such as urethane (meth)acrylate, epoxy (meth)acrylate, polyester (meth)acrylate, and polyether (meth)acrylate.
Urethane (meth)acrylates are obtained, for example, by reacting polyhydric alcohols and organic diisocyanates with hydroxy (meth)acrylates.
Preferred epoxy (meth)acrylates are (meth)acrylates obtained by reacting tri- or more functional aromatic epoxy resins, alicyclic epoxy resins, aliphatic epoxy resins, etc. with (meth)acrylic acid; (Meth)acrylates obtained by reacting aromatic epoxy resins, alicyclic epoxy resins, aliphatic epoxy resins, etc. with polybasic acids and (meth)acrylic acid, and bifunctional or higher aromatic epoxy resins, alicyclic It is a (meth)acrylate obtained by reacting a group epoxy resin, an aliphatic epoxy resin, or the like with a phenol and (meth)acrylic acid.

The number of functional groups in the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer (c) is preferably 4 or more and 8 or less, more preferably 5 or more and 7 or less, in order to suppress cure shrinkage while maintaining pencil hardness. , 6.
The weight average molecular weight of the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer (c) is preferably 1000 or more and 5000 or less, more preferably 1100 or more and 3500 or less, in order to suppress curing shrinkage while maintaining pencil hardness. It is more preferably 1200 or more and 2000 or less.
As used herein, the weight average molecular weight is the average molecular weight measured by GPC analysis and converted to standard polystyrene.

When the ionizing radiation-curable compound is an ultraviolet-curable compound, the ionizing radiation-curable composition preferably contains additives such as a photopolymerization initiator and a photopolymerization accelerator.
Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include one or more selected from acetophenone, benzophenone, α-hydroxyalkylphenone, Michler's ketone, benzoin, benzyldimethylketal, benzoylbenzoate, α-acyloxime ester, thioxanthones, and the like.
The photopolymerization accelerator can reduce polymerization inhibition by air during curing and increase the curing speed, and is selected from, for example, p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid isoamyl ester, p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid ethyl ester, and the like. One or more types are mentioned.

"Additive"
The coating liquid for the resin layer may contain leveling agents, refractive index modifiers, antistatic agents, antifouling agents, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, viscosity modifiers, thermal polymerization initiators, etc., if necessary. It may contain additives.

"solvent"
The resin layer coating liquid preferably contains a solvent.
As the solvent, it is preferable to select a solvent that can dissolve the substrate. However, if the base material is dissolved excessively, the strength of the base material is lowered, so it is preferable to select an appropriate solvent according to the type of base material.
In addition, it is preferable to select the solvent in consideration of not only the solubility of the base material but also the evaporation rate inherent to the solvent. This is because if the evaporation rate of the solvent is slow, the substrate tends to dissolve excessively. The rate at which the solvent evaporates can also be controlled by the drying conditions. For example, the higher the drying temperature, the faster the solvent will evaporate. Also, the faster the drying air speed, the faster the solvent evaporates.
From the above, it is preferable to select the solvent in consideration of the solubility of the substrate, the evaporation rate, and the drying conditions.

Examples of solvents include ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and cyclohexanone; ethers such as dioxane and tetrahydrofuran; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons; halogenated carbons such as dichloromethane and dichloroethane; esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; alcohols such as isopropanol, butanol and cyclohexanol; cellosolves such as methyl cellosolve and ethyl cellosolve; glycol ethers such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; cellosolve acetates; sulfoxides such as dimethylsulfoxide; amides such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide; The solvent may be used singly or as a mixture of two or more.

An acrylic resin base material is easily dissolved in a solvent. For this reason, when an acrylic resin base material is used as the base material, it is preferable that the main component is a solvent having a high evaporation rate inherent to the solvent. The main component means 50% by mass or more of the total amount of the solvent, preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and most preferably 100% by mass.
In the present specification, a solvent with a high evaporation rate means a solvent with an evaporation rate of 100 or more when the evaporation rate of butyl acetate is set to 100. The evaporation rate of the solvent having a high evaporation rate is more preferably 120 or more and 300 or less, more preferably 140 or more and 220 or less.
Solvents with high evaporation rates include, for example, isopropyl alcohol (evaporation rate 150), methyl isobutyl ketone (evaporation rate 160), and toluene (evaporation rate 200).

《Drying conditions》
When forming the resin layer from the resin layer coating liquid, it is preferable to control the drying conditions.
Drying conditions can be controlled by drying temperature and air speed in the dryer. The preferred ranges of the drying temperature and wind speed vary depending on the composition of the resin layer coating liquid, so it cannot be generalized. preferable. The drying time is preferably 30 seconds or more and 90 seconds or less. Among the drying conditions, the drying temperature is important. When the drying temperature is lowered, t1/t2 tends to decrease, and when the drying temperature is increased, t1/t2 tends to increase. In order to dissolve a part of the substrate with the resin layer coating liquid and to flow the mixture of the components eluted from the substrate and the resin layer coating liquid to ensure the thickness of the first resin layer, ionizing radiation is applied. The irradiation of is preferably performed after drying the coating solution.

<Other layers>
The antiglare layered body of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described later, and the optical layered body described later may have layers other than the substrate and the resin layer. Other layers include an antireflection layer, an antifouling layer, an antistatic layer, and the like.

<Optical properties, surface shape>
The antiglare laminate of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described later, and the optical laminate described later preferably have a total light transmittance of 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, according to JIS K7361-1:1997. is more preferably 85% or more.
The light incident surface for measuring the total light transmittance and haze, which will be described later, is the substrate side.

The antiglare laminate of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described later, and the optical laminate described later preferably have a haze of JIS K7136:2000 of 0.5% or more, preferably 1.0% or more. is more preferably 1.5% or more. By setting the haze to 0.5% or more, the antiglare property can be easily improved.
In addition, in order to easily suppress deterioration of image resolution, the antiglare laminate of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described later, and the optical laminate described later preferably have a haze of 20% or less. , is more preferably 10% or less, and even more preferably 5% or less.
Embodiments of preferred ranges of haze for the antiglare laminate and the optical laminate are 0.5% to 20%, 0.5% to 10%, 0.5% to 5%, 1.0 % or more and 20% or less, 1.0% or more and 10% or less, 1.0% or more and 5% or less, 1.5% or more and 20% or less, 1.5% or more and 10% or less, 1.5% or more and 5% or less are mentioned.

In the antiglare laminates of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described later, and the optical laminate described later, in order to easily improve the antiglare property, the arithmetic mean roughness of JIS B0601:2001 of the surface on the resin layer side is The thickness Ra is preferably 0.03 μm or more, more preferably 0.05 μm or more. Further, in the antiglare laminates of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described later, and the optical laminate described later, the Ra of the surface on the resin layer side is set to 0.00 in order to easily suppress the deterioration of image resolution. It is preferably 12 μm or less, more preferably 0.10 μm or less. Ra means a value at a cutoff value of 0.8 mm.
Preferred ranges of Ra on the resin layer side surface are 0.03 μm to 0.12 μm, 0.03 μm to 0.10 μm, 0.05 μm to 0.12 μm, and 0.05 μm to 0.10 μm. These include:

<Size, shape, etc.>
The antiglare laminates of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described later, and the optical laminates described later may be in the form of sheets cut into a predetermined size, or may be in the form of a long sheet wound into a roll. It may also be in the form of a roll. The size of the sheet is not particularly limited, but the maximum diameter is about 2 inches or more and 500 inches or less. The term “maximum diameter” refers to the maximum length of any two points of the antiglare layered body or the optical layered body. For example, when the antiglare layered body or the optical layered body is rectangular, the diagonal line of the rectangle is the maximum diameter. When the antiglare layered body or the optical layered body is circular, the diameter of the circle is the maximum diameter.
The width and length of the roll are not particularly limited, but generally the width is about 500 mm or more and 3000 mm or less, and the length is about 500 m or more and 5000 m or less. The roll-shaped antiglare layered body or optical layered body can be cut into sheets according to the size of an image display device or the like. When cutting, it is preferable to exclude the roll ends whose physical properties are not stable.
The shape of the sheet is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a polygon such as a triangle, quadrangle, or pentagon, a circle, or a random irregular shape. More specifically, when the antiglare layered body or the optical layered body has a square shape, the aspect ratio is not particularly limited as long as there is no problem as a display screen. For example, horizontal:vertical=1:1, 4:3, 16:10, 16:9, 2:1, 5:4, 11:8.

[Anti-glare laminate of the second embodiment]
The antiglare laminate of the present disclosure has a resin layer on a substrate,
The resin layer contains first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or more,
When the substrate side of the center of the resin layer in the thickness direction is defined as a first region, and the side opposite to the substrate from the center of the resin layer in the thickness direction is defined as a second region, the first particles 70% or more of the number standard exists in the second region,
It satisfies the following condition 1A or condition 2A.
<Condition 1A>
The average inclination angle of the resin layer-side surface of the base material is 5.0 degrees or more and 20.0 degrees or less.
<Condition 2A>
The arithmetic mean height of the resin layer side surface of the base material is 0.10 μm or more and 0.40 μm or less.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the antiglare laminate 100B of the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
Antiglare laminate 100B in FIG. 5 has resin layer 20B on substrate 10 . Moreover, the resin layer 20B of FIG. 5 contains the first particles 23B having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm or more. Further, when defining the substrate 10 side from the center of the thickness direction of the resin layer 20B as the first region 21B, and defining the side opposite to the substrate 10 from the center of the thickness direction of the resin layer 20B as the second region 22B, FIG. The first particles 23B inside are present in the second region 22B.
Note that FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view. That is, the scale of each layer, the scale of each material, and the scale of the surface irregularities that constitute the antiglare laminate 100B are schematic representations for ease of illustration, and are different from the actual scale. Figures other than FIG. 5 are also different from the actual scale.

Among the resin substrates, acrylic resin substrates are preferred because they have low hygroscopicity and therefore tend to have good dimensional stability, and have low optical anisotropy and thus tend to have good visibility. Further, the acrylic resin base material satisfies condition 1A and/or condition 2A by making the resin layer coating liquid a predetermined composition and under predetermined drying conditions, and the position of the first particle in the thickness direction can be easily satisfied.
Since the acrylic resin substrate is hard and brittle, the bending resistance may be insufficient when the resin layer containing the cured product of the curable resin composition is formed on the acrylic resin substrate. In the antiglare laminate of the present disclosure, even if a resin layer containing a cured product of a curable resin composition is formed on an acrylic resin substrate, the flex resistance is reduced by satisfying Condition 1A or Condition 2A. can be suppressed, and the pencil hardness can be easily maintained.

Unless otherwise specified, the embodiment of the acrylic resin base material of the second embodiment can be the same as the embodiment of the acrylic resin base material of the first embodiment. For example, the embodiment of the glass transition point of the acrylic resin base material of the second embodiment can be the same as the embodiment of the glass transition point of the acrylic resin base material of the first embodiment.

The average thickness of the substrate is preferably 10 µm or more, more preferably 20 µm or more, and even more preferably 35 µm or more. By setting the average thickness of the substrate to 10 μm or more, the antiglare laminate can be easily handled with good performance.
The average thickness of the substrate is preferably 100 µm or less, more preferably 80 µm or less, and even more preferably 60 µm or less. By setting the average thickness of the base material to 100 μm or less, it is possible to easily improve the bending resistance of the antiglare laminate.
Preferred ranges for the average thickness of the base material are 10 μm to 100 μm, 10 μm to 80 μm, 10 μm to 60 μm, 20 μm to 100 μm, 20 μm to 80 μm, 20 μm to 60 μm, 35 μm to 100 μm, and 35 μm or more. 80 μm or less, or 35 μm or more and 60 μm or less.

The average thickness of the base material can be calculated from the average value of 20 arbitrary points selected from cross-sectional photographs of the antiglare laminate taken by a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), for example. It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 1000 times or more and 7000 times or less.
Average thickness of the base material, thickness of the resin layer, position of the first particles in the thickness direction of the resin layer, average inclination angle of the resin layer side surface of the base material, arithmetic mean height of the resin layer side surface of the base material In order to measure such as, it is necessary to prepare a measurement sample in which the cross section of the antiglare laminate is exposed. The sample can be prepared, for example, by the following steps (A1') to (A2'). If the interface is difficult to see due to insufficient contrast, the sample may be dyed with osmium tetroxide, ruthenium tetroxide, phosphotungstic acid, or the like as a pretreatment.

(A1') Step A1' is the same as step A1 in the first embodiment.

(A2′) A block-shaped embedded sample is cut vertically to prepare a sample for measurement, in which the cross section of the antiglare laminate is exposed. As a sample for measurement, a thin section cut from the block-shaped embedded sample is used (the conditions for the sample for measurement will be described later). The embedded sample is preferably cut through the center of the cut sample. Embedded samples are preferably cut with a diamond knife.
An example of an apparatus for cutting an embedded sample is the product name "Ultramicrotome EM UC7" manufactured by Leica Microsystems. When cutting the embedded sample, it is preferable to first cut roughly (rough trimming) and finally trim precisely under the conditions of "SPEED: 1.00 mm/s" and "FEED: 70 nm".
Among the sections cut from the block-shaped embedded sample as described above, sections without defects such as holes and having a uniform thickness of 60 nm or more and 100 nm or less are the average thickness of the base material, the thickness of the resin layer, The position of the first particles in the thickness direction of the resin layer, the average inclination angle of the resin layer side surface of the base material, the arithmetic mean height of the resin layer side surface of the base material, the particle size of the first particles, the inorganic fine particles can be used as a sample for measuring the particle size of

<<Condition 1A, Condition 2A>>
The antiglare laminate of the second embodiment of the present disclosure needs to satisfy Condition 1A or Condition 2A below. The antiglare laminate of the second embodiment of the present disclosure should satisfy at least one of Condition 1A and Condition 2A, but preferably satisfies both.
<Condition 1A>
The average inclination angle of the resin layer-side surface of the base material is 5.0 degrees or more and 20.0 degrees or less.
<Condition 2A>
The arithmetic mean height of the resin layer side surface of the base material is 0.10 μm or more and 0.40 μm or less.

-Condition 1A-
If the average tilt angle of the base material is less than 5.0 degrees, the adhesion between the base material and the resin layer is insufficient, and interfacial peeling occurs when the antiglare laminate is bent. It is difficult to improve bending resistance.
If the average tilt angle of the substrate exceeds 20.0 degrees, it means that the substrate components are excessively eluted into the resin layer. Therefore, if the average tilt angle of the substrate exceeds 20.0 degrees, it is difficult to improve the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate. Further, when the average tilt angle of the base material exceeds 20.0 degrees, the internal haze is increased, and the resolution tends to be lowered.
The average tilt angle of the substrate is preferably 6.0 degrees or more, more preferably 8.0 degrees or more, and even more preferably 10.0 degrees or more. The average tilt angle of the substrate is preferably 19.5 degrees or less, more preferably 19.0 degrees or less, and even more preferably 18.5 degrees or less.
Preferred ranges of the average tilt angle of the substrate are 5.0 degrees or more and 20.0 degrees or less, 5.0 degrees or more and 19.5 degrees or less, 5.0 degrees or more and 19.0 degrees or less, and 5.0 degrees or more and 19.5 degrees or less. 0 degrees to 18.5 degrees, 6.0 degrees to 20.0 degrees, 6.0 degrees to 19.5 degrees, 6.0 degrees to 19.0 degrees, 6.0 degrees to 18.5 degrees 8.0 degrees or more and 20.0 degrees or less, 8.0 degrees or more and 19.5 degrees or less, 8.0 degrees or more and 19.0 degrees or less, 8.0 degrees or more and 18.5 degrees or less, 10.0 degrees 10.0 degrees or more and 19.5 degrees or less, 10.0 degrees or more and 19.0 degrees or less, and 10.0 degrees or more and 18.5 degrees or less.

The average inclination angle of the substrate and the arithmetic average height of the substrate can be measured, for example, by the same method as in the first embodiment.

-Condition 2A-
When the arithmetic mean height of the base material is less than 0.10 μm, the adhesion between the base material and the resin layer is insufficient, and interfacial peeling occurs when the antiglare laminate is bent. It is difficult to improve flex resistance.
If the arithmetic mean height of the base material exceeds 0.40 μm, it means that the base material components are excessively eluted into the resin layer. Therefore, if the arithmetic mean height of the substrate exceeds 0.40 μm, it is difficult to improve the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate. In addition, if the arithmetic mean height of the base material exceeds 0.40 μm, the internal haze increases, which tends to lower the resolution.
The arithmetic mean height of the substrate is preferably 0.15 μm or more, more preferably 0.20 μm or more. The arithmetic mean height of the substrate is more preferably 0.38 μm or less, and even more preferably 0.36 μm or less.
Embodiments of suitable ranges for the arithmetic mean height of the substrate are 0.10 μm to 0.40 μm, 0.10 μm to 0.38 μm, 0.10 μm to 0.36 μm, 0.15 μm to 0.40 μm 0.15 μm or more and 0.38 μm or less, 0.15 μm or more and 0.36 μm or less, 0.20 μm or more and 0.40 μm or less, 0.20 μm or more and 0.38 μm or less, and 0.20 μm or more and 0.36 μm or less.

<Resin layer>
The resin layer needs to contain first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or more.
If the resin layer does not contain the first particles, the antiglare property cannot be imparted to the antiglare laminate.

In the anti-glare laminate of the present disclosure, when the substrate side of the center of the resin layer in the thickness direction is defined as the first region, and the side opposite to the substrate from the center of the resin layer in the thickness direction is defined as the second region, It is required that 70% or more of the number of the first particles exist in the second region.
5 and 6, the first particles 23B in FIG. 5 exist in the second region 22B and the first particles 23B in FIG. 6 exist in the first region 21B.
In the second embodiment, the resin layer is preferably a single layer.

If 70% or more of the first particles based on the number do not exist in the second region, it means that 30% or more of the first particles based on the number exist in the first region.
Since the first particles present in the first region are difficult to make the surface of the resin layer uneven, it is difficult to improve the antiglare property as in Comparative Example 2-2 described later.
As in Comparative Example 2-1 described later, if the absolute value of the content of the first particles is large, the antiglare property can be obtained even if 70% or more of the first particles based on the number are not present in the second region. can be made better. However, in this case, since the interface between the first particles and the resin layer increases, which causes a decrease in flex resistance, the flex resistance of the antiglare laminate cannot be improved.

The ratio of the first particles existing in the second region is preferably 75% or more, more preferably 80% or more, based on the number.

In this specification, the position of the first particles in the thickness direction of the resin layer is determined by the following methods (1) to (5).
(1) A cross-sectional photograph of the antiglare laminate is taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 1000 times or more and 7000 times or less.
(2) Based on the cross-sectional photograph, calculate the average X1 of the elevation of the ridges on the surface of the resin layer on the substrate side and the average X2 of the elevations of the ridges on the surface of the resin layer on the opposite side from the substrate (symbols in FIG. 5 See X1 and X2).
(3) The center M in the thickness direction of the resin layer is defined between the altitudes of X1 and X2 (see symbol M in FIG. 5).
(4) Based on the cross-sectional photograph, the first particles present in the first region on the substrate side from the center in the thickness direction of the resin layer, and the second particles on the side opposite to the substrate from the center in the thickness direction of the resin layer counting the number of first particles present in the region; The number of first particles present in both the first region and the second region across the center of the resin layer in the thickness direction is assigned to each region according to the area ratio of each region. For example, for a first particle having an area ratio of 40% in the first region and an area ratio of 60% in the second region, 0.4 particles are assigned to the first area and 0.6 particles are assigned to the second area.
(5) In order to increase the reliability of the numerical value, a plurality of cross-sectional photographs are taken, the total number of the first particles is set to 50 or more, and the number of the first particles present in the first region and the second region is Calculate the number-based ratio.

The resin layer can be formed, for example, by coating a base material with a resin layer coating liquid containing first particles, a resin component, and a solvent, drying it, and curing it as necessary. The resin layer coating liquid may further contain inorganic fine particles and additives, if necessary.
In the case of the above method, the resin layer coating liquid partially dissolves the base material, thereby roughening the surface of the base material on the resin layer side. The components eluted from the base material are mixed with the resin layer coating liquid and become constituent components of the resin layer.
In the above method, it is important to set the resin layer coating liquid to a predetermined composition and to set the drying conditions to predetermined conditions. The prescribed composition and prescribed drying conditions will be described later.
The method of applying the resin layer coating liquid onto the substrate is not particularly limited, and may be spin coating, dipping, spraying, die coating, bar coating, gravure coating, roll coating, meniscus coating, flexographic printing. general-purpose coating methods such as coating method, screen printing method, and speed coater method.
When curing the resin layer coating liquid, it is preferable to irradiate ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams. Specific examples of ultraviolet light sources include ultra-high pressure mercury lamps, high pressure mercury lamps, low pressure mercury lamps, carbon arc lamps, black light fluorescent lamps and metal halide lamps. Moreover, the wavelength of the ultraviolet rays is preferably in the wavelength range of 190 nm or more and 380 nm or less. Specific examples of electron beam sources include various electron beam accelerators such as Cockcroftwald type, Vandegraft type, resonance transformer type, insulating core transformer type, linear type, dynamitron type, and high frequency type.

The lower limit of the average thickness of the resin layer is preferably 6.0 µm or more, more preferably 7.0 µm or more, still more preferably 8.0 µm or more, and the upper limit is preferably 15.0 µm or less, more preferably 14.0 µm or less. , 13.0 μm or less.
By setting the average thickness of the resin layer to 6.0 μm or more, the pencil hardness can be easily improved. By setting the average thickness of the resin layer to 15.0 μm or less, it is possible to easily suppress deterioration in flex resistance.
Preferred embodiments of the average thickness of the resin layer are 6.0 μm or more and 15.0 μm or less, 6.0 μm or more and 14.0 μm or less, 6.0 μm or more and 13.0 μm or less, 7.0 μm or more and 15.0 μm or less, 7.0 μm or more and 14.0 μm or less, 7.0 μm or more and 13.0 μm or less, 8.0 μm or more and 15.0 μm or less, 8.0 μm or more and 14.0 μm or less, and 8.0 μm or more and 13.0 μm or less.

The average thickness of the resin layer can be calculated, for example, by selecting 20 arbitrary points in cross-sectional photographs of the antiglare laminate taken by a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) and calculating the average value thereof. It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 1000 times or more and 7000 times or less.

The average particle size of the first particles can be calculated, for example, by the same method as in the first embodiment.

D1, which indicates the average particle diameter of the first particles, and t, which indicates the average thickness of the resin layer, preferably have a relationship of 2.0<t/D1<6.0.
By setting t/D1 to be less than 6.0, the first particles can easily provide the surface of the antiglare laminate with an uneven shape, so that the antiglare property can be easily improved. By setting t/D1 to be more than 2.0, it is possible to easily suppress deterioration in bending resistance due to protrusion of the first particles from the surface of the resin layer.
The lower limit of t/D1 is more preferably 2.5 or more, more preferably 3.5 or more, and the upper limit is more preferably 5.0 or less, further preferably 4.5 or less.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for t/D1 are greater than 2.0 and less than 6.0; greater than 2.0 and less than 5.0; 5 or more and 5.0 or less, 2.5 or more and 4.5 or less, 3.5 or more and less than 6.0, 3.5 or more and 5.0 or less, 3.5 or more and 4.5 or less.

The lower limit of t-D1 is preferably 2.0 μm or more, more preferably 3.0 μm or more, and 4.0 μm or more in order to easily suppress the decrease in bending resistance. is more preferable, and the upper limit is preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 8.0 μm or less, and even more preferably 7.0 μm or less, in order to easily improve the antiglare property.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for t-D1 are 2.0 μm to 10 μm, 2.0 μm to 8.0 μm, 2.0 μm to 7.0 μm, 3.0 μm to 10 μm, 3.0 μm to 8.0 μm. 0 μm or less, 3.0 μm or more and 7.0 μm or less, 4.0 μm or more and 10 μm or less, 4.0 μm or more and 8.0 μm or less, and 4.0 μm or more and 7.0 μm or less.

《Inorganic fine particles》
The resin layer may contain inorganic fine particles. Since the resin layer contains inorganic fine particles having a relatively large specific gravity, the first particles are less likely to sink below the resin layer, so that the first particles can easily satisfy the positional condition in the thickness direction. In addition, the inorganic fine particles can enhance the dispersibility of the first particles and easily suppress the deterioration of the bending resistance.

The embodiment of the average particle size and type of inorganic fine particles in the second embodiment can be the same as the embodiment of the average particle size and type of inorganic fine particles in the first embodiment.

The lower limit of the content of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid. It is more preferably 0.7 parts by mass or more, and the upper limit is preferably 5.0 parts by mass or less, more preferably 3.0 parts by mass or less, and 2.0 parts by mass or less. is more preferred.
By setting the content of the inorganic fine particles to 0.1 part by mass or more, the first particles can easily satisfy the positional condition in the thickness direction. In addition, by setting the content of the inorganic fine particles to 5.0 parts by mass or less, it is possible to prevent the first particles from excessively floating above the resin layer, so that it is possible to easily prevent deterioration in bending resistance.
In embodiments, the content of the inorganic fine particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more and 5.0 parts by mass or less, 0.1 parts by mass or more and 3.0 parts by mass or less, 0.1 parts by mass to 2.0 parts by mass, 0.5 parts by mass to 5.0 parts by mass, 0.5 parts by mass to 3.0 parts by mass, 0.5 parts by mass to 2.0 parts by mass, 0 7 to 5.0 parts by mass, 0.7 to 3.0 parts by mass, and 0.7 to 2.0 parts by mass.

《Resin component》
The resin layer preferably contains a cured product of a curable resin composition as a resin component. By including the cured product of the curable resin composition in the resin layer, it is possible to easily improve the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate.

The embodiment of the thermosetting resin composition of the second embodiment can be the same as the embodiment of the thermosetting resin composition of the first embodiment.

The ionizing radiation-curable resin composition is a composition containing a compound having an ionizing radiation-curable functional group (hereinafter also referred to as an "ionizing radiation-curable compound"). Examples of ionizing radiation-curable functional groups include ethylenically unsaturated bond groups such as (meth)acryloyl groups, vinyl groups, and allyl groups, epoxy groups, and oxetanyl groups. As the ionizing radiation-curable compound, a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond group is preferred.
Ionizing radiation refers to electromagnetic waves or charged particle beams that have energy quanta capable of polymerizing or cross-linking molecules. Usually, ultraviolet rays or electron beams are used, but other electromagnetic waves such as X-rays and gamma rays are also used. , α-rays, ion beams, and other charged particle beams can also be used.
As used herein, a (meth)acryloyl group refers to an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group. Moreover, in this specification, (meth)acrylate indicates acrylate or methacrylate.

By including the monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a) as the ionizing radiation-curable compound, a part of the substrate can be easily dissolved, so that condition 1A or condition 2A can be easily satisfied. In addition, by including the monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a), the components eluted from the substrate can be easily dissolved in the components of the resin layer coating liquid, so that the physical properties of the resin layer can be easily improved. can.
However, if the amount of the monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a) is too large, the base material will be dissolved excessively, resulting in a decrease in strength of the base material and a decrease in pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate. may decrease.
By including the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) as the ionizing radiation-curable compound, the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate can be easily improved. However, if the amount of the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) is too large, the hardness of the resin layer may become too high, and the flex resistance of the antiglare laminate may decrease.
By containing the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer (c) as the ionizing radiation-curable compound, curing shrinkage can be easily suppressed while maintaining the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate. However, if the amount of the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer (c) is too large, the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate may decrease.

The amount of the monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a) with respect to the total amount of the ionizing radiation-curable compound is preferably 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and is 13% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less. is more preferable, and more preferably 15% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less.
The amount of the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) with respect to the total amount of the ionizing radiation-curable compound is preferably 5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, and 6% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less. is more preferable, and more preferably 7% by mass or more and 13% by mass or less.
The amount of (c) polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer relative to the total amount of ionizing radiation-curable compounds is preferably 50% by mass or more and 85% by mass or less, and is preferably 60% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less. More preferably, it is 65% by mass or more and 75% by mass or less.

The embodiments of (a) the monofunctional ionizing radiation curable monomer, (b) the multifunctional ionizing radiation curable monomer, and (c) the multifunctional ionizing radiation curable oligomer of the second embodiment are Similar practice to embodiment (a) monofunctional ionizing radiation curable monomer, (b) multifunctional ionizing radiation curable monomer, and (c) multifunctional ionizing radiation curable oligomer embodiment. can be in the form

When the ionizing radiation-curable compound is an ultraviolet-curable compound, the ionizing radiation-curable composition preferably contains additives such as photopolymerization initiators and photopolymerization accelerators, as in the first embodiment. .
As in the first embodiment, the resin layer coating liquid may contain additives, if necessary.

"solvent"
The resin layer coating liquid preferably contains a solvent.
As the solvent, it is preferable to select a solvent that can dissolve the substrate. However, if the base material is dissolved excessively, the strength of the base material is lowered, so it is preferable to select an appropriate solvent according to the type of base material. Among the three components of the Hansen solubility parameter, the solvent contains a solvent in which δp, which is the polar component, is 7.0 (J/cm ³ ) ^0.5 or more and 10.0 (J/cm ³ ) ^0.5 or less. is preferred. When δp is 7.0 (J/cm ³ ) ^0.5 or more, the substrate can be easily dissolved, and when δp is 10.0 (J/cm ³ ) ^0.5 or less, You can try not to overdo it. The values of δp[(J/cm ³ ) ^0.5 ] of toluene, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) are as follows.
([Toluene: 1.4, IPA: 6.1, MEK: 9.0, MIBK: 6.1])
In addition, it is preferable to select the solvent in consideration of not only the solubility of the base material but also the evaporation rate inherent to the solvent. This is because if the evaporation rate of the solvent is slow, the substrate tends to dissolve excessively. The rate at which the solvent evaporates can also be controlled by the drying conditions. For example, the higher the drying temperature, the faster the solvent will evaporate. Also, the faster the drying air speed, the faster the solvent evaporates.
From the above, it is preferable to select the solvent in consideration of the solubility of the substrate, the evaporation rate, and the drying conditions.

The solvent type embodiment of the second embodiment can be the same embodiment as the solvent type embodiment of the first embodiment.

An acrylic resin base material is easily dissolved in a solvent. For this reason, when an acrylic resin base material is used as the base material, it is preferable that the main component is a solvent having a high evaporation rate inherent to the solvent. The main component means 50% by mass or more of the total amount of the solvent, preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and most preferably 100% by mass.
In the present specification, a solvent with a high evaporation rate means a solvent with an evaporation rate of 100 or more when the evaporation rate of butyl acetate is set to 100. The evaporation rate of the solvent having a high evaporation rate is more preferably 120 or more and 450 or less, and even more preferably 140 or more and 400 or less.
Solvents with high evaporation rates include, for example, isopropyl alcohol (evaporation rate 150), methyl isobutyl ketone (evaporation rate 160), toluene (evaporation rate 200), and methyl ethyl ketone (evaporation rate 370).

Furthermore, the solvent preferably contains a solvent with a low molecular weight and high polarity. A highly polar solvent is preferably a solvent in which the Hansen solubility parameter δp is in the range described above. By containing a solvent having a small molecular weight, a high polarity, and an evaporation rate as described above, the acrylic resin base material can be easily and appropriately dissolved. Such solvents include methyl ethyl ketone.
The amount of methyl ethyl ketone is preferably 20% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less of the total amount of the solvent in order to easily satisfy Condition 1A or Condition 2A.

《Drying conditions》
When forming the resin layer from the resin layer coating liquid, it is preferable to control the drying conditions.
Further, in the antiglare laminate of the present disclosure, it is preferable to dry the resin layer coating liquid in two stages. Specifically, it is preferable to weaken the drying intensity in the first stage of drying and increase the drying intensity in the second stage of drying. During the first stage of low-strength drying, the dissolution of the substrate proceeds, and a mixture is formed in which the components eluted from the substrate and the components of the resin layer coating liquid are mixed, and the convection time of the mixture is can be lengthened, the condition of the position of the first grain in the thickness direction can be easily satisfied. In addition, by weakening the strength of the drying in the first stage, the components eluted from the substrate and the components of the resin layer coating liquid can be easily mixed, and the resin layer can be easily made into a single layer. Then, by performing strong drying in the second stage, it is possible to suppress excessive dissolution of the base material, so it is possible to suppress the average inclination angle of the base material and the arithmetic mean height of the base material from becoming too large. can be done easily.

Drying conditions can be controlled by drying temperature and air speed in the dryer. The preferred ranges for the drying temperature and air velocity vary depending on the composition of the resin layer coating liquid, so it cannot be generalized, but the following conditions are preferred.
<Drying in the first stage>
The drying temperature is preferably 65° C. or higher and 85° C. or lower, and the drying wind speed is preferably 0.5 m/s or higher and 2 m/s or lower. The drying time is preferably 20 seconds or more and 40 seconds or less.
<Second stage drying>
The drying temperature is preferably 65° C. or higher and 85° C. or lower, and the drying wind speed is preferably 15 m/s or higher and 25 m/s or lower. The drying time is preferably 20 seconds or more and 40 seconds or less.

Ionizing radiation is applied after drying the coating liquid in order to dissolve a part of the base material with the coating liquid for the resin layer and to facilitate sufficient mixing of the components eluted from the base material and the coating liquid for the resin layer. is preferred.

[Optical laminate]
The optical laminate of the present disclosure has a resin layer on a substrate,
The resin layer has a first resin layer and a second resin layer from the substrate side,
The first resin layer has a region α1 independent of each other and a region α2 surrounding the region α1, and the resin contained in the region α1 and the resin contained in the region α2 are different,
The second resin layer has a region β1 independent of each other and a region β2 surrounding the region β1, and the resin contained in the region β1 and the resin contained in the region β2 are different,
It satisfies the following condition 1B or condition 2B.
<Condition 1B>
θa1 indicating the average inclination angle of the surface of the base material on the resin layer side and θa2 indicating the average inclination angle of the surface of the first resin layer on the second resin layer side have a relationship of θa2<θa1. is.
<Condition 2B>
Pa1 indicating the arithmetic mean height of the surface of the base material on the resin layer side and Pa2 indicating the arithmetic mean height of the surface of the first resin layer on the second resin layer side satisfy Pa2<Pa1 is the relationship.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of an optical laminate 100C of the present disclosure.
An optical layered body 100C in FIG. 8 has a resin layer 20C on a substrate 10. As shown in FIG. 8 has a first resin layer 21C and a second resin layer 22C from the substrate 10 side.
The first resin layer 21C of FIG. 8 has a region α1 independent of each other and a region α2 surrounding the region α1. Further, the second resin layer 22C of FIG. 8 has a region β1 independent of each other and a region β2 surrounding the region β1. In this specification, a structure having a region n1 independent of each other and a region n2 surrounding the region n1, such as the first resin layer and the second resin layer in FIG. 8, is referred to as a "sea-island structure." sometimes referred to as
Note that FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view. That is, the reduced scale of each layer, the reduced scale of each material, and the reduced scale of surface irregularities constituting the optical layered body 100C are schematic representations for ease of illustration, and are different from the actual reduced scale. Figures other than FIG. 8 are also different from the actual scale.

Among the resin substrates, acrylic resin substrates are preferable because they have low hygroscopicity and therefore tend to have good dimensional stability, and because they have low optical anisotropy, they tend to have good visibility. Further, the acrylic resin substrate satisfies Condition 1B and/or Condition 2B by making the resin layer coating liquid a predetermined composition and under predetermined drying conditions, and the first resin layer and the second resin layer The resin layer can easily have a sea-island structure.
Since the acrylic resin substrate is hard and brittle, it is difficult to achieve good adhesion when another layer is formed on the acrylic resin substrate. In particular, when a hard resin layer such as a resin layer containing a cured product of a curable resin composition is formed on an acrylic resin substrate, the adhesion between the substrate and the resin layer tends to be insufficient. The optical laminate of the present disclosure satisfies condition 1B or condition 2B even if a resin layer containing a cured product of a curable resin composition is formed on an acrylic resin substrate, and the resin layer has a sea-island structure. For example, it is possible to suppress a decrease in adhesion and to easily suppress a change in image definition.
As used herein, acrylic resin means acrylic resin and/or methacrylic resin.

Unless otherwise specified, the embodiment of the acrylic resin base material of the optical laminate can be the same as the embodiment of the acrylic resin base material of the first embodiment. For example, the embodiment of the glass transition point of the acrylic resin substrate of the optical layered body can be the same as the embodiment of the glass transition point of the acrylic resin substrate of the first embodiment.

The resin such as acrylic resin contained in the resin base material preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or more and 500,000 or less, more preferably 50,000 or more and 300,000 or less. By setting the weight-average molecular weight of the resin within the above range, the condition 1B, the condition 2B, and the sea-island structure can be easily controlled.

The average thickness of the substrate is preferably 10 µm or more, more preferably 20 µm or more, and even more preferably 35 µm or more. By setting the average thickness of the substrate to 10 μm or more, the optical layered body can be easily handled well.
The average thickness of the substrate is preferably 100 µm or less, more preferably 80 µm or less, and even more preferably 60 µm or less. By setting the average thickness of the base material to 100 μm or less, the flexibility resistance of the optical layered body can be easily improved.
Preferred ranges for the average thickness of the base material are 10 μm to 100 μm, 10 μm to 80 μm, 10 μm to 60 μm, 20 μm to 100 μm, 20 μm to 80 μm, 20 μm to 60 μm, 35 μm to 100 μm, and 35 μm or more. 80 μm or less, or 35 μm or more and 60 μm or less.

The average thickness of the base material mentioned above means the average thickness of the base material when the optical laminate is completed. As will be described later, part of the base material is dissolved by the resin layer coating liquid, so that the average thickness of the base material when the optical layered body is completed may be smaller than the initial average thickness of the base material. . Therefore, it is preferable that the initial average thickness of the base material is greater than the average thickness of the base material when the optical layered body is completed. The difference between the initial average thickness of the base material and the average thickness of the base material when the optical layered body is completed varies depending on the thickness of the resin layer, the composition of the coating liquid for the resin layer, the drying conditions of the coating liquid, and the like. However, it is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, and more preferably 1 μm or more and 5 μm or less.

The average thickness of the substrate can be calculated, for example, by selecting 20 arbitrary points in a cross-sectional photograph of the optical layered body taken by a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) and calculating the average value thereof. It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 1000 times or more and 7000 times or less.
Average thickness of the substrate, thickness of the first resin layer, thickness of the second resin layer, position of the region α1 in the thickness direction of the first resin layer, position of the first particles in the thickness direction of the resin layer, θa1 , θa2, Pa1, Pa2, etc., it is necessary to prepare a measurement sample in which the cross section of the optical layered body is exposed. The sample can be prepared, for example, by the following steps (A1'') to (A2''). If the interface is difficult to see due to insufficient contrast, the sample may be dyed with osmium tetroxide, ruthenium tetroxide, phosphotungstic acid, or the like as a pretreatment.

(A1'') Process A1'' is the same as process A1 in the first embodiment.

(A2'') A block-shaped embedded sample is cut vertically to prepare a sample for measurement in which the cross section of the optical layered body is exposed. As a sample for measurement, a thin section cut from the block-shaped embedded sample is used (the conditions for the sample for measurement will be described later). The embedded sample is preferably cut through the center of the cut sample. Embedded samples are preferably cut with a diamond knife.
An example of an apparatus for cutting an embedded sample is the product name "Ultramicrotome EM UC7" manufactured by Leica Microsystems. When cutting the embedded sample, it is preferable to first cut roughly (rough trimming) and finally trim precisely under the conditions of "SPEED: 1.00 mm/s" and "FEED: 70 nm".
Among the sections cut from the block-shaped embedded sample as described above, the section without defects such as holes and having a uniform thickness of 60 nm or more and 100 nm or less is the average thickness of the base material, the first resin layer thickness of the second resin layer, the position of the region α1 in the thickness direction of the first resin layer, the position of the first particles in the thickness direction of the resin layer, θa1, θa2, Pa1, Pa2, the first particles can be used as a sample for measuring the particle size of the inorganic fine particles.

<Resin layer>
The resin layer is required to have a first resin layer and a second resin layer from the substrate side. By having the first resin layer and the second resin layer as the resin layers, it is possible to easily suppress a decrease in pencil hardness while improving adhesion.

When the resin layer is a single layer, it is difficult to improve the bending resistance or pencil hardness of the optical laminate. For example, in the case of a single resin layer having a high hardness, it is difficult to improve the bending resistance of the optical layered body. Further, in the case of a single resin layer having a low hardness, it is difficult to improve the pencil hardness of the optical layered body.

The first resin layer and the second resin layer are formed, for example, by coating a base material with a resin layer coating liquid containing a resin component and a solvent, drying it, and curing it as necessary. be able to. The resin layer coating liquid may further contain first particles, inorganic fine particles, and additives, if necessary.
In the case of the above method, for example, the resin layer coating liquid dissolves a part of the base material, and the resin component eluted from the base material is the main component, and the region containing a small amount of the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid is the first Furthermore, the content of the resin component eluted from the base material is small, and the second resin layer can be formed from the region containing the resin component as the main component of the coating liquid for the resin layer . That is, in the above method, the first resin layer and the second resin layer can be formed by one application using one resin layer coating liquid. Moreover, since the content of the resin component eluted from the substrate is small in the second resin layer formed by the above method, the pencil hardness can be easily improved.
In the above method, it is important to set the resin layer coating liquid to a predetermined composition and to set the drying conditions to predetermined conditions. The prescribed composition and prescribed drying conditions will be described later.
The method of applying the resin layer coating liquid onto the substrate is not particularly limited, and may be spin coating, dipping, spraying, die coating, bar coating, gravure coating, roll coating, meniscus coating, or flexographic printing. general-purpose coating methods such as coating method, screen printing method, and speed coater method.
When curing the resin layer coating liquid, it is preferable to irradiate ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams. Specific examples of ultraviolet light sources include ultra-high pressure mercury lamps, high pressure mercury lamps, low pressure mercury lamps, carbon arc lamps, black light fluorescent lamps and metal halide lamps. Moreover, as a wavelength of ultraviolet rays, a wavelength range of 190 nm or more and 380 nm or less is preferable. Specific examples of electron beam sources include various electron beam accelerators such as Cockcroftwald type, Vandegraft type, resonant transformer type, insulating core transformer type, linear type, dynamitron type, and high frequency type.

The first resin layer has a region α1 independent of each other and a region α2 surrounding the region α1, and the resin contained in the region α1 and the resin contained in the region α2 are required to be different. Furthermore, the second resin layer has a region β1 independent of each other and a region β2 surrounding the region β1, and the resin contained in the region β1 and the resin contained in the region β2 are required to be different. .
Since the first resin layer has the regions α1 and α2 and the second resin layer has the regions β1 and β2, the adhesion after the light resistance test can be easily improved.

The difference between the resin contained in the region α1 and the resin contained in the region α2 means that at least one of the composition and molecular weight of the resin is different. It is preferable that the resin contained in the region α1 and the resin contained in the region α2 have different resin compositions. Examples of different resin compositions include the case where the region α1 and the region α2 contain different types of resin, and the case where the region α1 and the region α2 contain the same type of resin but have different resin mixing ratios.
The difference between the resin contained in the region β1 and the resin contained in the region β2 means that at least one of resin composition and molecular weight is different. It is preferable that the resin contained in the region β1 and the resin contained in the region β2 have different resin compositions. Examples of different resin compositions include a case where the region β1 and the region β2 contain different types of resin, and a case where the region β1 and the region β2 contain the same type of resin but at different resin mixing ratios.

In this specification, the resins of the region α1, region α2, region β1 and region β2 mean so-called binder resins. For this reason, particles such as first particles to be described later do not mean the resin of the region α1, the region α2, the region β1, and the region β2.

If the ratio of the region α1 is large, the hardness tends to be insufficient, and if the ratio of the region α2 is large, the adhesion tends to deteriorate. Therefore, the area ratio between the area α1 and the area α2 is preferably 1:99 to 10:90, more preferably 2:98 to 5:95.
If the proportion of the region β1 is large, the hardness tends to be insufficient, and if the proportion of the region β2 is large, the adhesion tends to deteriorate. Therefore, the area ratio between the region β1 and the region β2 is preferably 5:95 to 50:50, more preferably 10:90 to 40:60.
The above area ratio can be calculated from a cross-sectional photograph of the optical laminate taken by a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). In order to increase the reliability of the numerical values, a plurality of cross-sectional photographs are obtained, and the area ratio is calculated after setting the total number of the regions α1 or β1 to 50 or more.

In the first resin layer and the second resin layer, the resin contained in the region α1 and the resin contained in the region β2 are preferably substantially the same, and the resin contained in the region α2 and the resin contained in the region β1 It is preferable that the contained resin is substantially the same. By providing the above configuration, it is possible to easily improve the adhesion after the light resistance test. The reason why the adhesion after the light resistance test can be easily improved by the above configuration is that the affinity between the first resin layer and the second resin layer is increased, so that even in a harsh environment such as a light resistance test, the second It is considered that this is because the adhesiveness at the interface between the first resin layer and the second resin layer is less likely to deteriorate.

In order to make it easier to configure the first resin layer to have the region α1 and the region α2, and to make it easy to configure the second resin layer to have the region β1 and the region β2, It is preferable to reduce the compatibility between the components contained in the resin layer coating liquid, or to reduce the compatibility between the components contained in the resin layer coating liquid and the components eluted from the substrate.
It is believed that by lowering the compatibility as described above, the first resin layer and the second resin layer can be easily formed in the optical layered body of the present disclosure due to the events (1) to (4) below. be done.
(1) Part of the substrate dissolves when the resin layer coating liquid is applied onto the substrate.
(2) The resin component eluted from the base material is the main component, and the region containing a small amount of the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid serves as the first resin layer, and the content of the resin component eluted from the base material is small, A region containing the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid as a main component becomes the second resin layer.
(3) Due to the low compatibility, in the above (2), the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid contained in a small amount in the first resin layer forms the region α1, and the resin component eluted from the base material forms the region α1. Form α2.
(4) Due to the low compatibility, in the above (2), the resin component eluted from the base material contained in a small amount in the second resin layer forms the region β1, and the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid forms the region β1. β2 is formed.

When defining the base material side from the center of the thickness direction of the first resin layer as the first region and the second resin layer side from the center of the thickness direction of the first resin layer as the second region, 70 of the region α1 % or more is present in the second region. By having the said structure, the adhesiveness after a light resistance test can be made more favorable easily.

The proportion of the regions α1 existing in the second regions is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more based on the number.

In this specification, the position of the region α1 in the thickness direction of the first resin layer is determined by the following methods (1) to (5).
(1) A cross-sectional photograph of the optical laminate is taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 1000 times or more and 7000 times or less.
(2) Based on the cross-sectional photograph, calculate the average altitude X1 of the ridgelines of the surface of the first resin layer on the substrate side and the average altitude X2 of the ridgelines of the surface of the first resin layer on the second resin layer side. (see symbols X1 and X2 in FIG. 9).
(3) The center M in the thickness direction of the first resin layer is defined as the middle point between X1 and X2 (see symbol M in FIG. 9).
(4) Based on the cross-sectional photograph, the region α1 existing in the first region on the substrate side from the center of the first resin layer in the thickness direction, and the second resin layer from the center of the thickness direction of the first resin layer The number of regions α1 existing in the second region on the side is counted. The number of regions α1 existing in both the first region and the second region across the center in the thickness direction of the first resin layer is in the first region and the second region according to the area ratio of the region α1 Allocate For example, for a region α1 with an area ratio of 40% in the first region and 60% in the second region, 0.4 is allocated to the first region and 0.6 to the second region. Allocate.
(5) In order to increase the reliability of the numerical value, obtain a plurality of cross-sectional photographs, set the total number of the regions α1 to 50 or more, and the number-based ratio of the regions α1 existing in the first region and the second region Calculate

The lower limit of the thickness of the entire resin layer (in other words, the total thickness of the first resin layer and the second resin layer) is preferably 4.0 μm or more, more preferably 5.0 μm or more, and more preferably 6.0 μm or more. More preferably, the upper limit is preferably 15.0 μm or less, more preferably 12.0 μm or less, and even more preferably 10.0 μm or less.
Preferred embodiments of the thickness of the entire resin layer are 4.0 μm or more and 15.0 μm or less, 4.0 μm or more and 12.0 μm or less, 4.0 μm or more and 10.0 μm or less, 5.0 μm or more and 15.0 μm or less, 5.0 μm or more and 12.0 μm or less, 5.0 μm or more and 10.0 μm or less, 6.0 μm or more and 15.0 μm or less, 6.0 μm or more and 12.0 μm or less, and 6.0 μm or more and 10.0 μm or less.
The average thickness t1 of the first resin layer has a lower limit of preferably 3.0 µm or more, more preferably 4.0 µm or more, and still more preferably 4.5 µm or more, and an upper limit of 10.0 µm or less, preferably 8.0 µm. The following is more preferable, and 7.0 μm or less is even more preferable. By setting t1 to 3.0 μm or more, adhesion and bending resistance can be easily improved, and by setting t1 to 10.0 μm or less, it is possible to easily suppress a decrease in pencil hardness.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for t1 are 3.0 μm to 10.0 μm, 3.0 μm to 8.0 μm, 3.0 μm to 7.0 μm, 4.0 μm to 10.0 μm, 4.0 μm or more. 8.0 μm or less, 4.0 μm or more and 7.0 μm or less, 4.5 μm or more and 10.0 μm or less, 4.5 μm or more and 8.0 μm or less, and 4.5 μm or more and 7.0 μm or less.
The average thickness t2 of the second resin layer has a lower limit of preferably 0.3 μm or more, more preferably 0.5 μm or more, and still more preferably 1.0 μm or more, and an upper limit of 4.0 μm or less, preferably 3.0 μm. The following is more preferable, and 2.7 μm or less is even more preferable. By setting t2 to 0.3 μm or more, the pencil hardness can be easily improved, and by setting t2 to 4.0 μm or less, deterioration of bending resistance can be easily suppressed.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for t2 are 0.3 μm to 4.0 μm, 0.3 μm to 3.0 μm, 0.3 μm to 2.7 μm, 0.5 μm to 4.0 μm, 0.5 μm or more. 3.0 μm or less, 0.5 μm or more and 2.7 μm or less, 1.0 μm or more and 4.0 μm or less, 1.0 μm or more and 3.0 μm or less, and 1.0 μm or more and 2.7 μm or less.

t1/t2 is preferably 1.5 or more, more preferably 1.8 or more, and further preferably 2.0 or more, in order to easily suppress deterioration in adhesion and bending resistance. preferable. Also, t1/t2 is preferably 10.0 or less, more preferably 5.0 or less, and even more preferably 3.0 or less, in order to easily improve the pencil hardness.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for t1/t2 are 1.5 to 10.0, 1.5 to 5.0, 1.5 to 3.0, 1.8 to 10.0, 1. 8 or more and 5.0 or less, 1.8 or more and 3.0 or less, 2.0 or more and 10.0 or less, 2.0 or more and 5.0 or less, and 2.0 or more and 3.0 or less.

The average thickness of the first resin layer and the average thickness of the second resin layer are determined, for example, by selecting 20 arbitrary points in a cross-sectional photograph of the optical layered body taken by a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). It can be calculated from the average value. It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 1000 times or more and 7000 times or less.

《Resin component》
The resin layer preferably contains a cured product of a curable resin composition as a resin component. By including the cured product of the curable resin composition in the resin layer, it is possible to easily improve the pencil hardness of the optical layered body.

The embodiment of the thermosetting resin composition of the optical layered body can be the same as the embodiment of the thermosetting resin composition of the anti-glare layered body of the first embodiment.

As the ionizing radiation-curable compound, both a monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable compound having one ionizing radiation-curable functional group and a polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable compound having two or more ionizing radiation-curable functional groups are used. be able to. Both monomers and oligomers can be used as the ionizing radiation-curable compound. Since the monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer tends to have good compatibility with other resin components, it tends to be difficult to form a sea-island structure in the first resin layer and the second resin layer. When using monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomers, the aforementioned properties should be noted.
In order to partially dissolve the base material, form a sea-island structure in the first resin layer and the second resin layer, increase the pencil hardness, and facilitate suppression of cure shrinkage, It is preferable to use the following mixtures (a) to (c) as the ionizing radiation-curable compound. The following (a) to (c) are preferably compounds having an ethylenically unsaturated bond group as an ionizing radiation-curable functional group, more preferably (meth)acrylate compounds. As the (meth)acrylate compound, a part of the molecular skeleton modified with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, caprolactone, isocyanuric acid, alkyl, cyclic alkyl, aromatic, bisphenol or the like can also be used.
(a) difunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) trifunctional or higher ionizing radiation-curable monomer (c) polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer

By including the bifunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a) as the ionizing radiation-curable compound, a part of the base material can be easily dissolved, so that θa1 or Pa1 can be easily increased. However, if the amount of the bifunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a) is too large, the substrate may be excessively dissolved, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the substrate or a decrease in the pencil hardness of the optical laminate. There is
By containing the trifunctional or higher ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) as the ionizing radiation-curable compound, the pencil hardness of the optical layered body can be easily improved. However, if the amount of the trifunctional or higher ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) is too large, the hardness of the resin layer may become too high, and the flex resistance of the optical layered body may decrease.
By containing the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer (c) as the ionizing radiation-curable compound, curing shrinkage can be easily suppressed while maintaining the pencil hardness of the optical laminate. However, if the amount of the polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer (c) is too large, the pencil hardness of the optical laminate may decrease.

The amount of the bifunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer (a) with respect to the total amount of the ionizing radiation-curable compound is preferably 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and is 13% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less. is more preferable, and more preferably 15% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less.
The amount of the trifunctional or higher ionizing radiation-curable monomer (b) with respect to the total amount of the ionizing radiation-curable compound is preferably 25% by mass or more and 55% by mass or less, and is 30% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less. is more preferable, and more preferably 35% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less.
The amount of (c) polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer relative to the total amount of ionizing radiation-curable compounds is preferably 25% by mass or more and 55% by mass or less, and is preferably 30% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less. More preferably, it is 35% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less.

Embodiments of (a) a monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer, (b) a multifunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer, and (c) a multifunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer of the optical laminate comprise a first Implementation of (a) monofunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer, (b) polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable monomer, and (c) polyfunctional ionizing radiation-curable oligomer of the antiglare laminate of the embodiment It can be an embodiment similar to the form.

When the ionizing radiation-curable compound is an ultraviolet-curable compound, the ionizing radiation-curable composition preferably contains additives such as a photopolymerization initiator and a photopolymerization accelerator, as in the first embodiment. .

《First particle》
The resin layer preferably contains first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or more in order to easily improve the antiglare property. In order to facilitate better antiglare properties, it is more preferable that the second resin layer contains the first particles.

For the first particles, it is preferable that 70% or more of the number of the first particles exist on the second resin layer side in order to easily improve the antiglare property. The ratio is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more.

The position of the first particles in the thickness direction of the resin layer can be determined, for example, from a cross-sectional photograph of the optical layered body taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). Also, the ratio based on the number described above can be calculated from the cross-sectional photograph. In order to increase the reliability of the numerical value, it is preferable to obtain a plurality of cross-sectional photographs, set the total number of the first particles to 50 or more, and then calculate the above-mentioned number-based ratio.
In addition, the first particles present in both the first resin layer and the second resin layer straddling the first resin layer and the second resin layer are divided according to the area ratio of each layer. Allocate the number to For example, 0.4 of the first particles present in the first resin layer with an area ratio of 40% and in the second resin layer with an area ratio of 60% are allocated to the first resin layer. , and assign 0.6 to the second resin layer.
It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 1000 times or more and 7000 times or less.

As the first particles, resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, melamine resin, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, benzoguanamine-melamine-formaldehyde condensate, silicone, fluorine-based resin and polyester-based resin. inorganic particles formed from one or more inorganic substances such as silica, alumina, zirconia and titania; Among these, organic particles are preferable because they are excellent in dispersion stability and have a relatively small specific gravity, so that the first particles can be easily positioned in the second resin layer.

The lower limit of the content of the first particles is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1.0 parts by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid. It is preferably 1.3 parts by mass or more, and the upper limit is preferably 10.0 parts by mass or less, more preferably 5.0 parts by mass or less, and 3.0 parts by mass or less. It is even more preferable to have
By setting the content of the first particles to 0.5 parts by mass or more, the antiglare property can be easily improved. Further, by setting the content of the first particles to 10.0 parts by mass or less, it is possible to easily suppress deterioration in bending resistance.
An embodiment of a preferred range of the content of the first particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component is 0.5 parts by mass or more and 10.0 parts by mass or less, 0.5 parts by mass or more and 5.0 parts by mass or less, 0 .5 to 3.0 parts by mass, 1.0 to 10.0 parts by mass, 1.0 to 5.0 parts by mass, 1.0 to 3.0 parts by mass , 1.3 to 10.0 parts by mass, 1.3 to 5.0 parts by mass, and 1.3 to 3.0 parts by mass.
You can easily control the bottom.

The average particle size of the first particles is preferably 0.8 μm or more, more preferably 1.0 μm or more, in order to facilitate good antiglare properties.
The average particle size of the first particles is preferably 3.0 μm or less, more preferably 2.7 μm or less, and 2.5 μm or less in order to easily suppress deterioration in bending resistance. is more preferred.
Preferred embodiments of the average particle size of the first particles are 0.8 μm or more and 3.0 μm or less, 0.8 μm or more and 2.7 μm or less, 0.8 μm or more and 2.5 μm or less, 1.0 μm or more and 3.0 μm or less. 0 μm or less, 1.0 μm or more and 2.7 μm or less, or 1.0 μm or more and 2.5 μm or less.
The average particle size of the first particles can be calculated, for example, by the same method as for the antiglare laminate of the first embodiment.

Regarding D1 indicating the average particle diameter of the first particles and t2 indicating the average thickness of the second resin layer, t2-D1 is preferably −0.5 μm or more and 2.0 μm or less. is preferred.
When t2−D1 is −0.5 μm or more, the first particles can easily provide the surface of the optical layered body with an uneven shape, so that the antiglare property can be easily improved. t2-D1 is more preferably 0 μm or more, further preferably 0.1 μm or more.
When t2−D1 is 2.0 μm or less, the first particles are less likely to protrude from the surface of the second resin layer, thereby making it easier to improve the scratch resistance. t2-D1 is more preferably 1.5 μm or less, and even more preferably 0.8 μm or less.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for t2-D1 are −0.5 μm to 2.0 μm, −0.5 μm to 1.5 μm, −0.5 μm to 0.8 μm, 0 μm to 2.0 μm, 0 μm 0 μm or more and 0.8 μm or less, 0.1 μm or more and 2.0 μm or less, 0.1 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less, and 0.1 μm or more and 0.8 μm or less.

《Inorganic fine particles》
The resin layer may contain inorganic fine particles. Since the resin layer contains inorganic fine particles having a relatively large specific gravity, the first particles are less likely to sink below the resin layer, and the first particles can be easily positioned in the second resin layer. In addition, the inorganic fine particles can enhance the dispersibility of the first particles and easily suppress the deterioration of the bending resistance.

The embodiment of the average particle size and type of the inorganic fine particles in the optical layered body can be the same as the embodiment of the average particle size and type of the inorganic fine particles in the anti-glare layered body of the first embodiment.

The lower limit of the content of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid. It is more preferably 0.7 parts by mass or more, and the upper limit is preferably 5.0 parts by mass or less, more preferably 3.0 parts by mass or less, and 2.0 parts by mass or less. is more preferred.
By setting the content of the inorganic fine particles to 0.1 part by mass or more, the first particles can be easily positioned in the second resin layer. Further, by setting the content of the inorganic fine particles to 5.0 parts by mass or less, it is possible to prevent the first particles from excessively floating above the resin layer, and thus it is possible to easily prevent deterioration of the bending resistance.
Preferred range of content of the inorganic fine particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component is 0.1 parts by mass or more and 5.0 parts by mass or less, 0.1 parts by mass or more and 3.0 parts by mass or less, 0.1 parts by mass to 2.0 parts by mass, 0.5 parts by mass to 5.0 parts by mass, 0.5 parts by mass to 3.0 parts by mass, 0.5 parts by mass to 2.0 parts by mass, 0 .7 parts by mass to 5.0 parts by mass, 0.7 parts by mass to 3.0 parts by mass, and 0.7 parts by mass to 2.0 parts by mass.

As in the first embodiment, the resin layer coating liquid may contain additives as necessary.

"solvent"
The resin layer coating liquid preferably contains a solvent.
As the solvent, it is preferable to select a solvent that can dissolve the substrate. The values of θa1 and Pa1 tend to increase as the solvent that dissolves the base material is used more easily. However, if the base material is dissolved excessively, the strength of the base material is lowered, so it is preferable to select an appropriate solvent according to the type of base material.
In addition, it is preferable to select the solvent in consideration of not only the solubility of the base material but also the evaporation rate inherent to the solvent. The rate at which the solvent evaporates can also be controlled by the drying conditions. For example, the higher the drying temperature, the faster the solvent will evaporate. Also, the faster the drying air speed, the faster the solvent evaporates.
If the drying of the solvent is slow, the dissolution of the substrate proceeds, and θa1 and Pa1 tend to increase. Further, if the drying of the solvent is slow and the temperature during drying is high, the resin component moves rapidly between the first resin layer and the second resin layer, and θa2 and Pa2 tend to increase.
From the above, it is preferable to select the solvent in consideration of the solubility of the substrate, the evaporation rate, and the drying conditions.

The embodiment of the type of solvent for the optical layered body can be the same as the embodiment of the type of solvent for the anti-glare layered body of the first embodiment.

An acrylic resin base material is easily dissolved in a solvent. Therefore, when an acrylic resin base material is used as the base material, it is preferable that the solvent contains a solvent having a high evaporation rate.
In the present specification, a solvent with a high evaporation rate means a solvent with an evaporation rate of 100 or more when the evaporation rate of butyl acetate is set to 100. Further, in this specification, a solvent with a slow evaporation rate means a solvent with an evaporation rate of less than 100 when the evaporation rate of butyl acetate is 100.

The evaporation rate of the solvent having a high evaporation rate is more preferably 120 or more and 450 or less, and even more preferably 140 or more and 400 or less.
Solvents with high evaporation rates include, for example, isopropyl alcohol (evaporation rate of 150), methyl isobutyl ketone (evaporation rate of 160), toluene (evaporation rate of 200), and methyl ethyl ketone (evaporation rate of 370).
The solvent having a fast evaporation rate is preferably 75% by mass or more and 85% by mass or less of the total amount of the solvent.

In order to facilitate the formation of the sea-island structure in the first resin layer and the second resin layer, the solvent should contain a solvent that has a slow evaporation rate, high polarity, and a large molecular weight. is preferred. A solvent having the properties described above increases the viscosity of the coating liquid, so that the coating liquid tends to gel. Therefore, the solvent having the properties described above can easily reduce the compatibility of the coating liquid, so that the sea-island structure can be easily formed. Solvents with the properties described above include cyclohexanone and diacetone alcohol.
The solvent that evaporates slowly, has high polarity, and has a large molecular weight preferably accounts for 15% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less of the total amount of the solvent.

《Drying conditions》
When forming the resin layer from the resin layer coating liquid, it is preferable to control the drying conditions.
Further, in the optical layered body of the present disclosure, it is preferable to dry the resin layer coating liquid in two stages. Specifically, it is preferable to reduce the drying air velocity in the first stage of drying and increase the drying air velocity in the second stage of drying. At the time of drying in the first stage, a first resin layer is formed by a region containing a resin component eluted from the base material as a main component and containing a small amount of the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid, and the resin eluted from the base material. A second resin layer can be formed by a region containing a small amount of the component and containing the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid as a main component. Furthermore, by increasing the drying temperature in the first step, the resin component can be easily moved, thereby facilitating the formation of the islands-in-the-sea structure.
By performing the second stage of drying, excessive dissolution of the base material can be suppressed, so that θa1 and Pa1 can be easily suppressed from becoming too large.

Furthermore, it is preferable to control the drying time in the first stage drying and the second stage drying. A longer drying time for drying the coating liquid for the resin layer means that it takes longer to irradiate the resin component of the coating liquid for the resin layer with the ionizing radiation. In other words, lengthening the drying time of the resin layer coating liquid means that the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid maintains an uncured and fluid state for a long time. Therefore, if the drying time for drying the coating solution for the resin layer becomes long, the resin component moves rapidly between the first resin layer and the second resin layer, and θa2 and Pa2 tend to increase. , conditions 1B and 2B are less likely to be satisfied.

Drying conditions can be controlled by drying temperature and air speed in the dryer. The preferred ranges for the drying temperature and air velocity vary depending on the composition of the resin layer coating liquid, so it cannot be generalized, but the following conditions are preferred.
<Drying in the first stage>
The drying temperature is preferably 75° C. or higher and 95° C. or lower, and the drying wind speed is preferably 1 m/s or higher and 10 m/s or lower. The drying time is preferably 20 seconds or more and 40 seconds or less.
<Drying in the second step>
The drying temperature is preferably 75° C. or higher and 95° C. or lower, and the drying wind speed is preferably 15 m/s or higher and 30 m/s or lower. The drying time is preferably 20 seconds or more and 40 seconds or less.

<Condition 1B, Condition 2B>
The optical layered body of the present disclosure needs to satisfy Condition 1B or Condition 2B below. Although the optical layered body of the present disclosure should satisfy at least one of Condition 1B and Condition 2B, it preferably satisfies both.
<Condition 1B>
θa1 indicating the average inclination angle of the surface of the base material facing the resin layer and θa2 indicating the average inclination angle of the surface of the first resin layer facing the second resin layer have a relationship of θa2<θa1. is.
<Condition 2B>
Pa1 indicating the arithmetic mean height of the surface of the base material on the resin layer side and Pa2 indicating the arithmetic mean height of the surface of the first resin layer on the second resin layer side satisfy Pa2<Pa1 is the relationship.

-Condition 1B-
If the relationship θa2<θa1 is not satisfied, the small θa1 makes it difficult to achieve good initial adhesion, and the large θa2 makes it difficult to suppress the change in transmission image definition after the lightfastness test.
The reason why the transmission image definition changes before and after the light resistance test is considered to be that the refractive index difference at the interface between the first resin layer and the second resin layer changes between before and after the light resistance test. In the optical laminate of the present disclosure, there is not only the interface between the first resin layer and the second resin layer, but also the interface between the substrate and the first resin layer. Substrates (especially acrylic resin substrates) are relatively resistant to denaturation in lightfastness tests. On the other hand, the resin component of the resin layer coating liquid is relatively easily denatured by the light resistance test. For this reason, the refractive index of the second resin layer, which contains a small amount of the resin component of the substrate, tends to change before and after the light resistance test. On the other hand, the substrate and the first resin layer containing a large amount of the resin component of the substrate are less likely to change in refractive index before and after the light resistance test. Therefore, if the relationship θa2<θa1 is not satisfied due to the large θa2, it is considered difficult to suppress the change in the clarity of the transmitted image after the lightfastness test.

-Condition 2B-
If the relationship Pa2<Pa1 is not satisfied, a small Pa1 makes it difficult to achieve good initial adhesion, and a large Pa2 makes it difficult to suppress changes in transmission image definition after the lightfastness test.
The reason why it is difficult to suppress the change in transmission image definition after the lightfastness test when the relationship of Pa2<Pa1 is not satisfied due to the large Pa2 is considered to be the same as the reason for the condition 1B.

θa1 is preferably 5.0 degrees or more, more preferably 8.0 degrees or more, and still more preferably 10.0 degrees or more, in order to facilitate good initial adhesion. θa1 is preferably 20.0 degrees or less, more preferably 18.0 degrees or less, and even more preferably 17.0 degrees or less, in order to easily improve the pencil hardness.
Preferred ranges of θa1 are 5.0 degrees to 20.0 degrees, 5.0 degrees to 18.0 degrees, 5.0 degrees to 17.0 degrees, and 8.0 degrees to 20.0 degrees. 0 degrees or less, 8.0 degrees or more and 18.0 degrees or less, 8.0 degrees or more and 17.0 degrees or less, 10.0 degrees or more and 20.0 degrees or less, 10.0 degrees or more and 18.0 degrees or less, 10. 0 degrees or more and 17.0 degrees or less.

θa2 is preferably 10.0 degrees or less, more preferably 8.0 degrees or less, still more preferably 6.0 degrees or less, in order to easily suppress changes in transmission image definition after the light resistance test, and 4.0 degrees. degree or less is even more preferable.
θa2 is preferably greater than 0 degrees, more preferably 1.0 degrees or more, and even more preferably 2.0 degrees or more, in order to facilitate good adhesion.
Embodiments of preferred ranges for θa2 are: 0 degrees to 10.0 degrees, 0 degrees to 8.0 degrees, 0 degrees to 6.0 degrees, 0 degrees to 4.0 degrees, 1.0 degrees 1.0 degrees or more and 8.0 degrees or less, 1.0 degrees or more and 6.0 degrees or less, 1.0 degrees or more and 4.0 degrees or less, 2.0 degrees or more and 10.0 degrees or less , 2.0 degrees or more and 8.0 degrees or less, 2.0 degrees or more and 6.0 degrees or less, and 2.0 degrees or more and 4.0 degrees or less.

Pa1 is preferably 0.05 μm or more, more preferably 0.07 μm or more, and even more preferably 0.10 μm or more, in order to facilitate good initial adhesion. Pa1 is preferably 0.25 μm or less, more preferably 0.23 μm or less, and even more preferably 0.20 μm or less, in order to easily improve the pencil hardness.
Embodiments of suitable ranges for Pa1 are 0.05 μm to 0.25 μm, 0.05 μm to 0.23 μm, 0.05 μm to 0.20 μm, 0.07 μm to 0.25 μm, 0.07 μm or more 0.23 μm or less, 0.07 μm or more and 0.20 μm or less, 0.10 μm or more and 0.25 μm or less, 0.10 μm or more and 0.23 μm or less, and 0.10 μm or more and 0.20 μm or less.

Pa2 is preferably 0.15 μm or less, more preferably 0.13 μm or less, still more preferably 0.10 μm or less, and more preferably 0.06 μm or less, in order to easily suppress a change in transmission image definition after the light resistance test. More preferred.
Pa2 is preferably 0.02 μm or more, more preferably 0.04 μm or more, and still more preferably 0.05 μm or more, in order to facilitate good adhesion.
Embodiments of suitable ranges for Pa2 are 0.02 μm to 0.15 μm, 0.02 μm to 0.13 μm, 0.02 μm to 0.10 μm, 0.04 μm to 0.15 μm, 0.04 μm or more 0.13 μm or less, 0.04 μm or more and 0.10 μm or less, 0.05 μm or more and 0.15 μm or less, 0.05 μm or more and 0.13 μm or less, and 0.05 μm or more and 0.10 μm or less.

θa1 and θa2, and Pa1 and Pa2 can be measured, for example, as follows.
(1) A cross-sectional photograph of the optical laminate is taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 5000 times or more and 10000 times or less.
(2) From the image of the cross-sectional photograph, the ridgeline of the interface between the base material and the resin layer and the ridgeline of the interface between the first resin layer and the second resin layer are obtained, and height data is obtained. Specifically, procedures (a) to (l) of the first embodiment are performed. The interface between the substrate and the resin layer corresponds to the surface of the substrate on the resin layer side. The interface between the first resin layer and the second resin layer corresponds to the surface of the first resin layer on the second resin layer side.
(3) Calculate the average tilt angle and the arithmetic average height from the height data point sequence according to the procedures (m) to (q) of the first embodiment.

In this specification, θa1 and θa2, and Pa1 and Pa2 mean average values of measured values of 20 samples.
In order to set θa1 and θa2 and Pa1 and Pa2 within the above ranges, as described above, a part of the base material should be dissolved in the resin layer coating liquid, and the composition of the resin layer coating liquid should be appropriately prepared. It is important to set the drying conditions of the resin layer coating liquid within an appropriate range.

[Polarizer]
A polarizing plate of the present disclosure has a polarizer, a first transparent protective plate arranged on one side of the polarizer, and a second transparent protective plate arranged on the other side of the polarizer. A polarizing plate, wherein at least one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the antiglare laminate according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure described above, or the second embodiment of the present disclosure described above. and any antiglare laminate or optical laminate selected from the optical laminate of the present disclosure described above.

A polarizing plate is used, for example, to impart antireflection properties by combining a polarizing plate and a λ/4 retardation plate. In this case, the λ/4 retardation plate is arranged on the display element of the image display device, and the polarizing plate is arranged on the viewer side of the λ/4 retardation plate.
When a polarizing plate is used for a liquid crystal display device, the polarizing plate is used to provide the function of a liquid crystal shutter. In this case, the liquid crystal display device is arranged in the order of the lower polarizing plate, the liquid crystal display element, and the upper polarizing plate, and the absorption axis of the polarizer of the lower polarizing plate and the absorption axis of the polarizer of the upper polarizing plate are perpendicular to each other. placed. In the above configuration, the polarizing plate of the present disclosure is preferably used as the upper polarizing plate.

<Transparent protective plate>
In the polarizing plate of the present disclosure, at least one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the antiglare laminate of the first embodiment of the present disclosure described above and the second embodiment of the present disclosure described above. and any antiglare laminate or optical laminate selected from the optical laminate of the present disclosure described above. In a preferred embodiment, of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate, the transparent protective plate on the light emitting side is the antiglare laminate of the first embodiment of the present disclosure described above, or the antiglare laminate of the first embodiment of the present disclosure described above. and any antiglare laminate or optical laminate selected from the antiglare laminate of the second embodiment and the optical laminate of the present disclosure described above. The antiglare layered body and the optical layered body are preferably arranged so that the substrate-side surface faces the polarizer.

One of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the antiglare laminate of the first embodiment of the present disclosure described above, the antiglare laminate of the second embodiment of the present disclosure described above, and In the case of any antiglare laminate or optical laminate selected from the optical laminates of the present disclosure described above, the other transparent protective plate is not particularly limited, but an optically isotropic transparent protective plate is preferable.
As used herein, optically isotropic refers to an in-plane retardation of 20 nm or less, preferably 10 nm or less, more preferably 5 nm or less. Acrylic films and triacetyl cellulose (TAC) films are easy to impart optical isotropy.

<Polarizer>
As a polarizer, for example, sheet-type polarizers such as polyvinyl alcohol film, polyvinyl formal film, polyvinyl acetal film, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer system saponified film dyed with iodine or the like and stretched; wire grid type polarizers made of metal wires, coating type polarizers coated with lyotropic liquid crystals or dichroic guest-host materials, multilayer thin film type polarizers, and the like. These polarizers may be reflective polarizers having the function of reflecting non-transmissive polarized light components.

<Size, shape, etc.>
Embodiments of the size and shape of the polarizing plate of the present disclosure can be the same as the above-described embodiments of the size and shape of the antiglare laminate of the present disclosure or the optical laminate of the present disclosure. .

[Image display device]
The image display device of the present disclosure includes the above-described antiglare laminate of the first embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-described antiglare laminate of the second embodiment of the present disclosure, and the above-described antiglare laminate of the present disclosure on the display element. It has any antiglare laminate or optical laminate selected from optical laminates.

4, 7, and 10 are cross-sectional views showing embodiments of the image display device 500 of the present disclosure. The image display device 500 of FIG. 4 has the antiglare laminate 100A of the first embodiment of the present disclosure on the display element 200. As shown in FIG. An image display device 500 of FIG. 7 has an antiglare laminate 100B of the second embodiment of the present disclosure on a display element 200. As shown in FIG. An image display device 500 in FIG. 10 has an optical layered body 100C of the present disclosure on a display element 200. As shown in FIG. In the image display device, the antiglare layered body or the optical layered body is preferably arranged so that the substrate side faces the display element side.

Display elements include liquid crystal display elements; EL display elements (organic EL display elements, inorganic EL display elements); plasma display elements; display elements using QD (Quantum dot); LED displays such as mini LED and micro LED display elements element; and the like. These display elements may have a touch panel function inside the display element.
The liquid crystal display method of the liquid crystal display element includes an IPS method, a VA method, a multi-domain method, an OCB method, an STN method, a TSTN method, and the like. If the display element is a liquid crystal display element, a backlight is required. The backlight is arranged on the side of the liquid crystal display element opposite to the side where the antiglare laminate or the optical laminate is arranged.

Further, the image display device of the present disclosure may be an image display device with a touch panel having a touch panel between the display element and the antiglare laminate. In this case, the antiglare laminate or optical laminate is arranged on the outermost surface of the image display device with a touch panel, and the substrate side of the antiglare laminate or optical laminate is arranged so as to face the display element side. is preferred.

The size of the image display device is not particularly limited, but the maximum diameter of the effective display area is preferably 2 inches or more and 500 inches or less.
The effective display area of an image display device is an area in which an image can be displayed. For example, when the image display device has a housing that surrounds the display element, the area inside the housing becomes the effective image area.
The maximum diameter of the effective image area is defined as the maximum length obtained by connecting any two points within the effective image area. For example, if the effective image area is rectangular, the diagonal of the rectangle is the maximum diameter. Also, when the effective image area is circular, the diameter of the circle is the maximum diameter.

The antiglare laminate of the first embodiment of the present disclosure and the antiglare laminate of the second embodiment of the present disclosure are excellent in bending resistance. Therefore, the image display device having the antiglare laminate of the first embodiment of the present disclosure or the antiglare laminate of the second embodiment of the present disclosure on the display element is a foldable type image display device or A rollable type image display device is preferable.

Next, the present disclosure will be described in more detail with examples, but the present disclosure is not limited by these examples. "Parts" and "%" are based on mass unless otherwise specified.

<Example of Antiglare Laminate of First Embodiment>
1. Measurement and Evaluation Measurement and evaluation of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were performed as follows. The atmosphere during each measurement and evaluation was set at a temperature of 23±5° C. and a relative humidity of 40% or more and 65% or less. Moreover, before starting each measurement and evaluation, the target sample was exposed to the atmosphere for 30 minutes or more, and then the measurement and evaluation were performed. Table 2 shows the results. Since the resin layer of the antiglare laminate of Comparative Example 1-7 had a single-layer structure, in Table 2, the numerical value of the second resin layer is indicated as "-".

1-1. Average Thickness of First Resin Layer and Second Resin Layer According to the description in the specification, samples of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were prepared with exposed cross sections. Select 20 arbitrary points from the cross-sectional photograph of the sample taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope, and from the average value, t1, which is the average thickness of the first resin layer, and the average thickness of the second resin layer. A certain t2 was calculated.

1-2. Position of First Particles According to the description in the text of the specification, samples with exposed cross sections of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were produced. From a cross-sectional photograph of the sample taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope, the number-based ratio of the first particles existing across the first resin layer and the second resin layer was calculated. In calculating the ratio, multiple cross-sectional photographs were taken until the total number of first particles exceeded 50. In addition, the number-based ratio of the first particles present only in the first resin layer and the number-based ratio of the first particles present only in the second resin layer were calculated.

1-3. Average inclination angle of the resin layer side surface of the base material, arithmetic mean height of the resin layer side surface of the base material According to the description in the text of the specification, the cross sections of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples are exposed. A sample was prepared. From the cross-sectional photograph of the sample taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope, the average inclination angle of the resin layer side surface of the base material and the arithmetic mean of the resin layer side surface of the base material according to the description in the specification text Calculated height.

1-4. Indentation Hardness According to the description in the text of the specification, samples of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples with exposed cross sections were produced. Next, using a measuring device (Bruker, product number: TI950), according to the description in the specification, the indentation hardness in the middle of the thickness direction of the first resin layer of the sample, and the second hardness of the sample The indentation hardness in the middle of the thickness direction of the resin layer was measured. The average values of the measured values of 20 samples were used as H1 and H2 for each example and comparative example.

1-5. Total light transmittance (Tt) and haze (Hz)
The antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were cut into 10 cm squares. After visually confirming that there were no abnormalities such as dust or scratches, the cutting sites were selected at random. Using a haze meter (HM-150, manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory), the total light transmittance of each sample according to JIS K7361-1:1997 and the haze according to JIS K7136:2000 were measured.
In order to stabilize the light source, turn on the power switch of the device and wait at least 15 minutes before performing calibration without setting anything at the entrance opening (the place where the measurement sample is installed). A sample was set and measured. The light incident surface was on the substrate side.

1-6. Flex Resistance The antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were subjected to a flex resistance test by the cylindrical mandrel method specified in JIS K5600-5-1:1999. The diameter of the mandrel was gradually reduced, and Table 2 shows the diameter of the mandrel at which the antiglare laminate first cracked. A diameter of 5 mm or less is an acceptable level. When the antiglare laminate was wound around the mandrel, the base material side was on the mandrel side.

1-7. Pencil Hardness Samples were prepared by cutting the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples into a size of 50 mm×100 mm. In accordance with JIS K5600-5-4:1999, the pencil hardness of the upper surface of the resin layer of the sample was measured under conditions of a load of 500 g and a speed of 1.4 mm/sec.
For the measurement, a pencil hardness tester manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho (product number: NP type pencil scratch coating film hardness tester) was used. Using a mending tape (manufactured by 3M, product number "810-3-18"), both ends of the cut sample were attached to the base of a pencil hardness tester. The pencil hardness test was performed 5 times, and the hardness when no appearance abnormality such as scratches was observed 3 times or more was taken as the value of the pencil hardness of each sample. For example, the pencil hardness of the antiglare laminate is 2H if the test is performed five times using a 2H pencil and no abnormality in appearance occurs three times. Regarding appearance abnormality, scratches and dents were checked, but discoloration was not included. A pencil hardness of 2H or more is an acceptable level.

1-8. Antiglare property A 25 μm thick transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (Panac), trade name “Panaclean PD-S1”, refractive index 1.49) was placed on the substrate side of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples. A black plate (Kuraray Co., Ltd., trade name “Comoglass DFA2CG 502K (black)”, total light transmittance 0%, thickness 2 mm, refractive index 1.49) was laminated to prepare a sample (sample size: 10 cm long x 10 cm wide). From the center of the first main surface of the sample under a bright room environment (illuminance on the first main surface of the sample is 500 lux or more and 1000 lux or less; illumination: Hf32 type straight tube three-wavelength neutral white fluorescent lamp) 20 test subjects evaluated whether or not the anti-glare property was obtained to such an extent that the reflection of the observers themselves was not disturbing, based on the following criteria. The lighting position at the time of evaluation was 2 m above the horizontal table in the vertical direction. The subjects were in their thirties and healthy with a visual acuity of 0.7 or more.
A: More than 14 people answered that they were good B: More than 7 people and less than 13 people answered that they were good C: Less than 6 people answered that they were good

2. Preparation of antiglare laminate [Example 1-1]
(Manufacture of base material)
A copolymer of methyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate was kneaded at 260° C. using a twin-screw extruder to obtain a pellet-like composition (glass transition point: 134° C.). The resulting pellet-like composition was melt-extruded with a T-die (T-die temperature: 260°C) and discharged onto a cooling roll at 130°C. Next, the film was successively biaxially stretched at a stretching temperature of 145° C. in the machine direction and the transverse direction at a draw ratio of 1.5 times. After cooling, an acrylic resin substrate having a thickness of 40 μm was obtained.
(Formation of resin layer)
The resin layer coating liquid of Example 1-1 in Table 1 was applied onto the acrylic resin base material by a Meyer bar coating method in a coating amount of 6.0 g/m ² , and then the wind speed was 15 m/s and the temperature was It was dried with warm air at 100°C for 60 seconds. Next, in a nitrogen atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less, the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition of the resin layer coating liquid is cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays so that the integrated light amount is 100 mJ/cm ² , and the first A resin layer and a second resin layer were formed to obtain an antiglare laminate of Example 1-1. In the present specification, the coating amount means the coating amount after drying.

[Examples 1-2 to 1-4], [Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-2, 1-5 to 1-7]
In the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the composition of the resin layer coating liquid, the coating amount of the resin layer coating liquid, and the drying conditions of the resin layer coating liquid were changed to the compositions shown in Table 1, Antiglare laminates of Examples 1-2 to 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-2 and 1-5 to 1-7 were obtained. The antiglare laminate of Comparative Example 1-7 had a single-layer structure in which the resin layer was the first resin layer.

[Comparative Example 1-3]
After applying the coating solution for the first resin layer of Comparative Examples 1-3 in Table 1 to the acrylic resin base material with a coating amount of 6.0 g/m ² by Meyer bar coating method, the wind speed was 15 m. /s and dried with warm air at a temperature of 100° C. for 60 seconds. Next, in a nitrogen atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less, the ionizing radiation curable resin composition of the resin layer coating liquid for the first layer is cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays so that the integrated light amount becomes 50 mJ/cm ² . , to form a first resin layer.
Next, on the first resin layer, the coating liquid for the second resin layer of Comparative Examples 1-3 in Table 1 was applied by a Meyer bar coating method at a coating amount of 2.0 g/m ² , and then the wind speed It was dried with hot air of 15 m/s and a temperature of 70° C. for 60 seconds. Next, in a nitrogen atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less, the ionizing radiation curable resin composition of the second resin layer coating liquid is cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays so that the integrated light amount becomes 100 mJ/cm ² . , a second resin layer was formed to obtain an antiglare laminate of Comparative Example 1-3.

[Comparative Example 1-4]
The composition of the coating solution for the first and second resin layers, the coating amount of the coating solution for the first and second resin layers, and the drying conditions for the coating solution for the first and second resin layers An antiglare laminate of Comparative Example 1-4 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-3, except that the composition was changed to that shown in Table 1.

In Table 1, the hexafunctional urethane acrylate oligomer is Mitsubishi Chemical Corp.'s urethane acrylate oligomer (trade name: Shikou UV-7600B, weight average molecular weight: 1400), and the bifunctional acrylate monomer is tetraethylene glycol diacrylate. The trifunctional acrylate monomer is pentaerythritol triacrylate, the monofunctional acrylate monomer is 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, and the photopolymerization initiator is IGM Resins B.V.'s product name "Omnirad 184".

From the results in Table 2, it can be confirmed that the antiglare laminates of Examples of the first embodiment have good pencil hardness, bending resistance, and antiglare properties.

<Example of Antiglare Laminate of Second Embodiment>
3. Measurement and Evaluation Measurement and evaluation of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were performed as follows. The atmosphere during each measurement and evaluation was set at a temperature of 23±5° C. and a relative humidity of 40% or more and 65% or less. Moreover, before starting each measurement and evaluation, the target sample was exposed to the atmosphere for 30 minutes or more, and then the measurement and evaluation were performed. Table 4 shows the results.

3-1. Average inclination angle of the resin layer side surface of the base material, arithmetic mean height of the resin layer side surface of the base material According to the description in the text of the specification, the cross sections of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples are exposed. A sample was prepared. From the cross-sectional photograph of the sample taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope, the average inclination angle of the resin layer side surface of the base material and the arithmetic mean of the resin layer side surface of the base material according to the description in the specification text Calculated height.

3-2. Position of First Particles According to the description in the text of the specification, samples with exposed cross sections of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were produced. A number-based ratio of the first particles present in the second region was calculated from a cross-sectional photograph of the sample taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope. In calculating the ratio, multiple cross-sectional photographs were taken until the total number of first particles exceeded 50.

3-3. Average Thickness of Resin Layer According to the description in the text of the specification, samples were prepared in which cross sections of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were exposed. Twenty arbitrary points were selected from the cross-sectional photograph of the sample taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope, and the average thickness t of the resin layer was calculated from the average value thereof.

3-4. Total light transmittance (Tt) and haze (Hz)
The total light transmittance and haze of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were measured in the same manner as in 1-5 above.

3-5. Bending Resistance A bending resistance test by a cylindrical mandrel method was performed on the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples in the same manner as in 1-6 above.

3-6. Pencil Hardness The pencil hardness of the upper surface of the resin layer of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples was measured in the same manner as in 1-7 above.

3-7. Antiglare Properties The antiglare properties of the antiglare laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were evaluated in the same manner as in 1-8 above.

4. Preparation of antiglare laminate [Example 2-1]
(Manufacture of base material)
A copolymer of methyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate was kneaded at 260° C. using a twin-screw extruder to obtain a pellet-like composition (glass transition point: 134° C.). The resulting pellet-like composition was melt-extruded with a T-die (T-die temperature: 260°C) and discharged onto a cooling roll at 130°C. Next, the film was successively biaxially stretched at a stretching temperature of 145° C. in the machine direction and the transverse direction at a draw ratio of 1.5 times. After cooling, an acrylic resin substrate having a thickness of 40 μm was obtained.
(Formation of resin layer)
The resin layer coating liquid of Example 2-1 in Table 3 was applied onto the acrylic resin base material by the Meyer bar coating method at a coating amount of 6.0 g/m ² , and then the wind speed was 1 m/s and the temperature was Drying was performed with hot air at 70° C. for 30 seconds to perform the first stage of drying. Further, the coating liquid was dried for 30 seconds with hot air at a wind speed of 20 m/s and a temperature of 70° C., thereby carrying out the second stage of drying. Next, in a nitrogen atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less, the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition of the resin layer coating liquid is cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays so that the integrated light amount becomes 100 mJ/cm ² , and the resin layer is formed. to obtain an antiglare laminate of Example 2-1. In the present specification, the coating amount means the coating amount after drying.

[Examples 2-2 to 2-4], [Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-4]
In the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the composition of the resin layer coating liquid, the coating amount of the resin layer coating liquid, and the drying conditions of the resin layer coating liquid were changed to the compositions shown in Table 3, Antiglare laminates of Examples 2-2 to 2-4 and Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-4 were obtained.

In Table 3, the hexafunctional urethane acrylate oligomer is Mitsubishi Chemical Corp.'s urethane acrylate oligomer (trade name: Shikou UV-7600B, weight average molecular weight: 1400), and the bifunctional acrylate monomer is tetraethylene glycol diacrylate. The trifunctional acrylate monomer is pentaerythritol triacrylate, the tetrafunctional acrylate monomer is pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, the monofunctional acrylate monomer is 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, and the photopolymerization initiator is IGM Resins B.V. product name "Omnirad 184".

From the results in Table 4, it can be confirmed that the antiglare laminates of Examples have good pencil hardness, bending resistance, and antiglare properties.
On the other hand, in the antiglare laminates of Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2, 70% or more of the first particles based on the number do not exist in the second region. In the antiglare laminate of Comparative Example 2-1, 70% or more of the first particles based on the number are not present in the second region, but the content of the first particles is large, so the antiglare property is at an acceptable level. is. However, since the antiglare laminate of Comparative Example 2-1 contains a large amount of the first particles, the interface between the first particles and the resin layer increases, which causes a decrease in bending resistance. Therefore, the deterioration of the bending resistance of the antiglare laminate could not be suppressed. In the antiglare laminate of Comparative Example 2-2, 70% or more of the first particles based on the number are not present in the second region, and the content of the first particles is not large, so the antiglare property is good. It was something that could not be done. In the antiglare laminates of Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2, 70% or more of the first particles based on the number do not exist in the second region. Since the solvent volatilizes before sufficient convection occurs, the first particles are less likely to float above the resin layer due to convection.
The optical laminate of Comparative Example 2-3 has a large average tilt angle of the substrate and a large arithmetic average height of the substrate. That is, in the optical layered body of Comparative Example 2-3, a large amount of the component of the base material eluted into the resin layer, so that the hardness of the resin layer decreased and the pencil hardness could not be improved. In the optical layered body of Comparative Example 2-3, since the ratio of the monofunctional monomer was high, the elution of the base material was excessively progressed, so that the average tilt angle of the base material and the arithmetic mean height of the base material were increased. be done.
In the optical layered body of Comparative Example 2-4, since the average inclination angle of the substrate and the arithmetic average height of the substrate are small, the adhesion between the substrate and the resin layer is deteriorated, resulting in a decrease in bending resistance. It was uncontrollable. Since the optical layered body of Comparative Example 2-4 does not contain a monofunctional monomer and does not contain highly polar methyl ethyl ketone, the elution of the substrate does not proceed, and the average tilt angle of the substrate and the arithmetic average height of the substrate It is thought that the size became smaller. The optical layered body of Comparative Example 2-2 also does not contain a monofunctional monomer and does not contain highly polar methyl ethyl ketone, but the optical layered body of Comparative Example 2-2 contains a bifunctional monomer with a small number of functional groups. Since it contains a large amount, it is considered that the base material is dissolved.

<Example of Optical Laminate>
5. Measurement and Evaluation Measurements and evaluations of the optical layered bodies of Examples and Comparative Examples were performed as follows. The atmosphere during each measurement and evaluation was set at a temperature of 23±5° C. and a relative humidity of 40% or more and 65% or less. Moreover, before starting each measurement and evaluation, the target sample was exposed to the atmosphere for 30 minutes or more, and then the measurement and evaluation were performed. Table 6 shows the results.

5-1. Presence or Absence of Region α1 and Region β1 and Percentage of Region α1 Present in Second Region According to the description in the text of the specification, samples with exposed cross sections of the optical laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were produced. The presence or absence of the region α1 and the region β1 was confirmed from a cross-sectional photograph of the sample taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope. Furthermore, the area ratio between the area α1 and the area α2 and the area ratio between the area β1 and the area β2 were calculated. An independent region α1 exists in the first resin layer 21, a resin contained in the region α1 is different from a resin contained in the region α2, and an independent region β1 exists in the second resin layer 22. That is, the difference between the resin contained in the region β1 and the resin contained in the region β2 can be determined from the difference in brightness in the photograph.
Furthermore, the number-based ratio of the regions α existing in the second region was calculated. In calculating the ratio, a plurality of cross-sectional photographs were taken until the total number of regions α exceeded 50.

5-2. θa1 and θa2, and Pa1 and Pa2
According to the description in the text of the specification, samples of the optical layered bodies of Examples and Comparative Examples with exposed cross sections were produced. θa1 and θa2, and Pa1 and Pa2 were calculated from a cross-sectional photograph of the sample taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope according to the description in the specification.

5-3. Average Thickness of First Resin Layer and Second Resin Layer According to the description in the specification, samples of the optical layered bodies of Examples and Comparative Examples were prepared in which cross sections were exposed. Select 20 arbitrary points from the cross-sectional photograph of the sample taken with a scanning transmission electron microscope, and calculate the average thickness t1 of the first resin layer and the average thickness t2 of the second resin layer from the average value. did.

5-4. Total light transmittance (Tt) and haze (Hz)
The optical laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were cut into 10 cm squares. After visually confirming that there were no abnormalities such as dust or scratches, the cutting sites were selected at random. Using a haze meter (HM-150, manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory), the total light transmittance of each sample according to JIS K7361-1:1997 and the haze according to JIS K7136:2000 were measured.
In order to stabilize the light source, turn on the power switch of the device and wait at least 15 minutes before performing calibration without setting anything at the entrance opening (the place where the measurement sample is installed). A sample was set and measured. The light incident surface was on the substrate side.

5-5. Adhesion Adhesion of the optical laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples was evaluated by the following method.
Furthermore, the adhesion of the optical laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples was evaluated after the following light resistance test was carried out.
A sample for evaluation was cross-cut into a grid of 10 squares in total, ie, 10 squares vertically and 10 squares horizontally. The cut interval was 1 mm. When cutting, the blade of the cutter was inserted from the second resin layer side, and cross-cut was performed so that the blade of the cutter reached the top of the substrate.
Adhesive tape (manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd., product name "Cellotape (registered trademark)") is attached to the surface of the cross-cut sample, and the cross-cut method specified in JIS K 5600-5-6: 1999 is compliant. A peel test was performed. Based on the results of the peel test, adhesion was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria.
<Evaluation Criteria>
A: Less than 5% of the cross-cut portions where peeling can be confirmed in the lattice pattern.
B: 5% or more and less than 15% of cross-cut portions where peeling can be confirmed in the grid pattern.
C: 15% or more cross-cut portions where peeling can be confirmed in the lattice pattern.

<Light resistance test>
Ultraviolet carbon arc lamp type light resistance and weather resistance tester conforming to JIS B7751 (trade name “FAL-AU B” manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd., light source: ultraviolet carbon arc lamp, irradiance: 500 W/m ² , black Panel temperature: 63° C.), the optical laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples were placed in such a way that the resin layer side faced the light source, and the test was carried out for 200 hours.

5-6. Transmission image clarity (JIS K7374:2007 transmission image clarity)
The transmission image clarity of the optical laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples was measured. The light incident surface was on the substrate side. As a measuring device, an image clarity measuring instrument (trade name: ICM-1T) manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd. was used. The sum of the transmitted image sharpness for the four optical comb widths is shown in Table 6 (unit is "%"). Four comb widths of 0.125 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm and 2.0 mm were used.
Further, the transmission image definition was measured in the same manner as described above for the optical layered bodies of Examples and Comparative Examples after the light resistance test. The sum of the transmitted image sharpness for the four optical comb widths is shown in Table 6 (unit is "%").
Table 6 shows the difference in transmission image clarity before and after the lightfastness test (unit: %). A pass level of the difference is 10.0% or less, and among the pass levels, a difference of 5.0% or less is more preferable.

5-7. Antiglare property On the substrate side of the optical laminates of Examples and Comparative Examples, a transparent adhesive layer (Panac) with a thickness of 25 µm (trade name: "Panaclean PD-S1", refractive index: 1.49) was interposed therebetween. A sample was prepared by bonding a black plate (Kuraray Co., Ltd., trade name “Comoglass DFA2CG 502K (black) system”, total light transmittance 0%, thickness 2 mm, refractive index 1.49) (sample size: length 20 cm x width 30 cm). From the center of the first main surface of the sample under a bright room environment (illuminance on the first main surface of the sample is 500 lux or more and 1000 lux or less; illumination: Hf32 type straight tube three-wavelength neutral white fluorescent lamp) 20 test subjects evaluated whether or not the anti-glare property was obtained to such an extent that the reflection of the observers themselves was not disturbing, based on the following criteria. The lighting position at the time of evaluation was 2 m above the horizontal table in the vertical direction. The subjects were in their thirties and healthy with a visual acuity of 0.7 or more.
A: More than 14 people answered that they were good B: More than 7 people and less than 13 people answered that they were good C: Less than 6 people answered that they were good

6. Preparation of optical laminate [Example 3-1]
(Manufacture of base material)
A copolymer of methyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate was kneaded at 260° C. using a twin-screw extruder to obtain a pellet-like composition (glass transition point: 134° C.). The resulting pellet-like composition was melt-extruded with a T-die (T-die temperature: 260°C) and discharged onto a cooling roll at 130°C. Next, the film was successively biaxially stretched at a stretching temperature of 145° C. in the machine direction and the transverse direction at a draw ratio of 1.5 times. After cooling, an acrylic resin substrate having a thickness of 40 μm was obtained.
(Formation of resin layer)
The resin layer coating liquid of Example 3-1 in Table 5 was applied onto the acrylic resin base material by a Meyer bar coating method at a coating amount of 6.0 g/m ² , followed by a wind speed of 5 m/s and a temperature Drying was performed with hot air at 90° C. for 30 seconds to perform the first stage of drying. Further, the coating liquid was dried for 30 seconds with hot air at a wind speed of 20 m/s and a temperature of 90° C. to carry out a second stage of drying. Next, in a nitrogen atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less, the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition of the resin layer coating liquid is cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays so that the integrated light amount is 100 mJ/cm ² , and the first A resin layer and a second resin layer were formed to obtain an optical laminate of Example 3-1. In the present specification, the coating amount means the coating amount after drying.

[Examples 3-2 to 3-4], [Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3]
In the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the composition of the resin layer coating liquid, the coating amount of the resin layer coating liquid, and the drying conditions of the resin layer coating liquid were changed to the compositions shown in Table 5, Optical laminates of Examples 3-2 to 3-4 and Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3 were obtained.

In Table 5, the hexafunctional urethane acrylate oligomer is Mitsubishi Chemical Corp.'s urethane acrylate oligomer (trade name: Shikou UV-7600B, weight average molecular weight: 1400), and the bifunctional acrylate monomer is tetraethylene glycol diacrylate. The trifunctional acrylate monomer is pentaerythritol triacrylate, the monofunctional acrylate monomer is 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, and the photopolymerization initiator is IGM Resins B.V.'s product name "Omnirad 184".

From the results in Table 6, it can be confirmed that the optical layered bodies of Examples can suppress a decrease in adhesion and a change in transmission image definition after the light resistance test.
On the other hand, in the optical laminate of Comparative Example 3-1, the first resin layer does not have the region α1. Therefore, in the optical layered body of Comparative Example 3-1, the affinity between the first resin layer and the second resin layer cannot be improved, and the adhesion after the light resistance test is lowered. It was something. In Comparative Example 3-1, since the resin layer coating liquid contains a monofunctional monomer, the compatibility is good, so the sea-island structure is difficult to form, and the region α1 was not formed.
The optical layered body of Comparative Example 3-2 has large θa1 and Pa1, and satisfies neither Condition 1B nor Condition 2B. For this reason, the optical layered body of Comparative Example 3-2 had a sharp change in transmission image clarity after the light resistance test. The reason why Comparative Example 3-2 does not satisfy the conditions 1B and 2B is that the long drying time causes the resin component to move rapidly between the first resin layer and the second resin layer, resulting in θa2 and This is probably because Pa2 increased.
The optical layered body of Comparative Example 3-3 has small θa1 and Pa1, and satisfies neither Condition 1B nor Condition 2B. For this reason, the optical layered body of Comparative Example 3-3 could not have good adhesion after the light resistance test. The optical layered body of Comparative Example 3-3 also had insufficient adhesion before the light resistance test. The reason why Comparative Example 3-3 does not satisfy Conditions 1B and 2B is considered to be that the resin layer coating liquid does not contain a bifunctional monomer.

10: Base Material 20A: Resin Layer 21A: First Resin Layer 22A: Second Resin Layer 23A: First Particle 20B: Resin Layer 21B: First Region 22B: Second Region 23B: First Particle 20C: Resin layer 21C: First resin layer 22C: Second resin layer 100A: Antiglare laminate 100B: Antiglare laminate 100C: Optical laminate 200: Display element 500: Image display device

Claims

An antiglare laminate having a resin layer on a substrate,
The resin layer has a first resin layer and a second resin layer from the substrate side,
The resin layer contains first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or more,
70% or more of the first particles based on the number exist across the first resin layer and the second resin layer,
An antiglare laminate that satisfies Formula 1 below.
5.0<t1/t2<15.0 (Formula 1)
[In Formula 1, t1 represents the average thickness of the first resin layer, and t2 represents the average thickness of the second resin layer. ]
The anti-glare laminate according to claim 1, wherein D1 indicating the average particle diameter of the first particles and t2 indicating the average thickness of the second resin layer have a relationship of t2<D1.
The antiglare laminate according to claim 1, wherein D1 indicating the average particle diameter of the first particles and t1 indicating the average thickness of the first resin layer satisfy D1<t1.
The antiglare laminate according to claim 1, wherein the first particles are organic particles.
The antiglare laminate according to claim 1, wherein the resin layer-side surface of the base material has an average inclination angle of 5.0 degrees or more and 15.0 degrees or less.
The antiglare laminate according to claim 1, wherein the arithmetic mean height of the resin layer-side surface of the substrate is 0.05 µm or more and 0.25 µm or less.
H1 indicating the indentation hardness in the middle in the thickness direction of the first resin layer and H2 indicating the indentation hardness in the middle in the thickness direction of the second resin layer have a relationship of H1<H2. , The antiglare laminate according to claim 1.
The antiglare laminate according to claim 7, wherein 40 MPa<H2-H1.
The antiglare laminate according to claim 7, wherein 40 MPa<H2−H1≦100 MPa.
The antiglare laminate according to claim 1, wherein the resin layer contains a cured product of a curable resin composition.
The antiglare laminate according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is an acrylic resin substrate.
An antiglare laminate having a resin layer on a substrate,
The resin layer contains first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or more,
When the substrate side of the center of the resin layer in the thickness direction is defined as a first region, and the side opposite to the substrate from the center of the resin layer in the thickness direction is defined as a second region, the first particles 70% or more of the number standard exists in the second region,
An antiglare laminate that satisfies Condition 1A or Condition 2A below.
<Condition 1A>
The average inclination angle of the resin layer-side surface of the base material is 5.0 degrees or more and 20.0 degrees or less.
<Condition 2A>
The arithmetic mean height of the resin layer side surface of the base material is 0.10 μm or more and 0.40 μm or less.
The antiglare according to claim 12, wherein D1 indicating the average particle diameter of the first particles and t indicating the average thickness of the resin layer have a relationship of 2.0<t/D1<6.0. sexual laminate.
The antiglare laminate according to claim 12, wherein the first particles are organic particles.
The antiglare laminate according to claim 12, wherein the resin layer contains a cured product of a curable resin composition.
The antiglare laminate according to claim 12, wherein the base material is an acrylic resin base material.
An optical laminate having a resin layer on a substrate,
The resin layer has a first resin layer and a second resin layer from the substrate side,
The first resin layer has a region α1 independent of each other and a region α2 surrounding the region α1, and the resin contained in the region α1 and the resin contained in the region α2 are different,
The second resin layer has a region β1 independent of each other and a region β2 surrounding the region β1, and the resin contained in the region β1 and the resin contained in the region β2 are different,
An optical laminate that satisfies Condition 1B or Condition 2B below.
<Condition 1B>
θa1 indicating the average inclination angle of the surface of the base material facing the resin layer and θa2 indicating the average inclination angle of the surface of the first resin layer facing the second resin layer have a relationship of θa2<θa1. is.
<Condition 2B>
Pa1 indicating the arithmetic mean height of the surface of the base material on the resin layer side and Pa2 indicating the arithmetic mean height of the surface of the first resin layer on the second resin layer side satisfy Pa2<Pa1 is the relationship.
The optical laminate according to claim 17, wherein the θa1 is 5.0 degrees or more and 20.0 degrees or less.
The optical laminate according to claim 17, wherein the θa2 is 10.0 degrees or less.
The optical laminate according to claim 17, wherein the Pa1 is 0.05 µm or more and 0.25 µm or less.
The optical laminate according to claim 17, wherein the Pa2 is 0.15 µm or less.
When defining the base material side from the center of the thickness direction of the first resin layer as a first region and the second resin layer side from the center of the thickness direction of the first resin layer as a second region, 18. The optical layered product according to claim 17, wherein 70% or more of said region α1 exists in said second region.
The resin contained in the region α1 and the resin contained in the region β2 are substantially the same, and the resin contained in the region α2 and the resin contained in the region β1 are substantially the same. 18. The optical layered product according to 17 above.
The optical laminate according to claim 17, wherein the resin layer contains first particles having an average particle size of 0.5 µm or more.
The optical laminate according to claim 24, wherein the second resin layer contains the first particles.
The optical laminate according to claim 24, wherein the first particles are organic particles.
The optical laminate according to claim 17, wherein the substrate is an acrylic resin substrate.
The optical laminate according to claim 17, wherein the resin layer contains a cured product of a curable resin composition.
A polarizing plate having a polarizer, a first transparent protective plate arranged on one side of the polarizer, and a second transparent protective plate arranged on the other side of the polarizer, At least one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the antiglare laminate according to claim 1, the antiglare laminate according to claim 12, and the optics according to claim 17. A polarizing plate, which is any one selected from laminates.
An image display device having, on a display element, any one selected from the antiglare laminate according to claim 1, the antiglare laminate according to claim 12, and the optical laminate according to claim 17.
The image display device is a foldable type image display device or a rollable type image display device. 31. The image display device of claim 30, comprising a flexible laminate.