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WO2022166388A1 - 发声装置和耳机 - Google Patents

发声装置和耳机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022166388A1
WO2022166388A1 PCT/CN2021/136392 CN2021136392W WO2022166388A1 WO 2022166388 A1 WO2022166388 A1 WO 2022166388A1 CN 2021136392 W CN2021136392 W CN 2021136392W WO 2022166388 A1 WO2022166388 A1 WO 2022166388A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
bass
tweeter
diaphragm
sound
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/136392
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王莹
王苗苗
郭晓冬
Original Assignee
歌尔股份有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022166388A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022166388A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of electro-acoustic conversion, in particular to a sound producing device and an earphone.
  • the sound-generating device of conventional earphones generally only contains one vibration unit.
  • This kind of structure design is relatively simple, but it cannot take into account the performance and sound quality of the product in different frequency bands at high frequency and low frequency.
  • the sound quality is poor, and some earphones have low frequency.
  • the performance is better, and some have better high frequency performance.
  • the sound-generating device of the dual-vibration unit can satisfy the simultaneous operation of low frequency and high frequency, and has a complementary and improved effect on the performance curve of the product and the sound quality of listening.
  • the tweeters of the existing earphones are mostly energized through the voice coil, so that the voice coil moves in the gap, so that the voice coil drives the diaphragm to vibrate. During the vibrating and sounding process of the diaphragm, the voice coil and the diaphragm move together, resulting in large vibration quality, poor high-frequency sound quality, and low electro-acoustic conversion efficiency.
  • the main purpose of the present utility model is to provide a sound-generating device and an earphone, which aim to solve at least one technical problem of the existing sound-generating device capable of satisfying high frequency and low frequency effects at the same time.
  • the sounding device comprises:
  • a tweeter unit the tweeter unit includes a tweeter housing, a magnetic conductive diaphragm and two tweeter magnetic circuit systems arranged in the tweeter housing, and the tweeter magnetic circuit system includes a tweeter attached to the tweeter housing.
  • a bass unit the bass unit includes a bass shell and a bass diaphragm, a bass voice coil and a bass magnetic circuit system arranged in the bass shell, the bass unit is fixed with the treble shell, and the bass diaphragm In connection with the bass voice coil, the bass magnetic circuit system is formed with a bass magnetic gap into which the bass voice coil is inserted.
  • the high-pitched shell includes a first magnetic conductive shell and a second magnetic conductive shell that are combined with each other, the second magnetic conductive shell is fixed to the woofer, and the magnetic conductive diaphragm is arranged on the first Between a magnetic conductive shell and the second magnetic conductive shell, the two tweeter magnetic circuit systems are respectively arranged in the space surrounded by the first magnetic conductive shell and the magnetic conductive diaphragm, and the second the space surrounded by the magnetic conductive shell and the magnetic conductive diaphragm.
  • the first magnetic conductive shell includes a top wall and a first side wall extending from the top wall
  • the second magnetic conductive shell includes a bottom wall and a second side wall extending from the bottom wall
  • the bottom wall is fixed with the bass unit;
  • the first magnetic steel of the tweeter magnetic circuit system of one of the two tweeter magnetic circuit systems is arranged on the top wall and formed between the first side wall and the top wall.
  • the first gap, the first magnetic steel of the other high-pitched magnetic circuit system is arranged on the bottom wall and forms a second gap with the second side wall, and the two coils are respectively arranged on the first a gap and the second gap.
  • the top wall is provided with a high-pitched sound outlet.
  • the bass magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic yoke
  • the bass housing includes a middle shell and a mounting cover that are fixed to each other
  • the bottom wall is fixed on the magnetic yoke
  • the bass magnetic circuit system and the The middle shell is fixed
  • the bass diaphragm is fixed on the installation cover.
  • the first magnetic steel is formed with a high-pitched air flow channel that communicates with the high-pitched sound outlet
  • the bass magnetic circuit system is formed with a low-pitched air flow channel that communicates with the high-pitched air flow channel
  • the high-pitched air flow channel is formed. are arranged coaxially with the bass airflow channel in sequence.
  • the magnetic yoke is further provided with a bass sound outlet that communicates with the bass magnetic gap.
  • the bass unit further includes a centering support piece, and the centering support piece is respectively fixed with the bass diaphragm and the bass shell.
  • the bass unit further includes a passive radiation membrane located between the bass diaphragm and the bass housing, and the passive radiation membrane is disposed corresponding to the bass diaphragm.
  • the present invention also provides an earphone, the earphone includes the above-mentioned sound producing device.
  • the bass unit includes a bass diaphragm, a bass voice coil and a bass magnetic circuit system arranged in the bass shell, the bass diaphragm is connected with the bass voice coil, and the bass magnetic circuit system is formed with a bass magnet for the insertion of the bass voice coil.
  • Gap by fixing the tweeter shell and the woofer of the tweeter, both high-frequency and low-frequency performance are taken into account, and the tweeter includes a magnetic conductive diaphragm and two tweeter magnetic circuit systems arranged in the tweeter shell.
  • the tweeter magnetic circuit system includes a first magnetic steel attached to the tweeter shell and a coil arranged around the first magnetic steel, and the magnetic conductive diaphragm is suspended on the two tweeter magnets arranged at opposite intervals.
  • the magnetic conductive diaphragm is used to vibrate and emit sound under the action of the alternating electromagnetic field generated by the high-pitched magnetic circuit system, and the voice coil connected to the high-frequency diaphragm is omitted, so that only the magnetic conductive diaphragm vibrates
  • the quality of the vibration components to be driven by the high-pitched magnetic circuit system is small, the high-frequency performance can be improved, and the sound-electric conversion efficiency can be improved.
  • the central area of the magnetic-conducting diaphragm produces more A large driving force is conducive to the vibration of the magnetic conductive diaphragm.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a sounding device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sounding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a tweeter unit of a sounding device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of a tweeter unit of a sound producing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a disassembled structure of a sound-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the sound generating device of FIG. 1 from another angle.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another disassembled structure of the sounding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of force analysis when the coil of the tweeter unit of the sounding device is not energized according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of force analysis when the coil of the tweeter unit of the sounding device is energized according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention proposes a sounding device 10 including:
  • the tweeter unit 30 includes a tweeter housing 31 , a magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 arranged in the tweeter housing 31 and two tweeter magnetic circuit systems 33 .
  • the bass unit 40 includes a bass housing 49 and a bass diaphragm 42, a bass voice coil 43 and a bass magnetic circuit system 41 arranged in the bass casing 49.
  • the bass unit 40 is fixed to the tweeter casing 31, and the bass diaphragm is 42 is connected to the bass voice coil 43, and the bass magnetic circuit system 41 is formed with a bass magnetic gap 47 into which the bass voice coil 43 is inserted.
  • the tweeter unit 30 of the present invention is not provided with a voice coil connected to the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37, which is different from the conventional voice coil driving the diaphragm.
  • the coils 332 on both sides of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 are energized, the The alternating electromagnetic field is generated by the interaction of the two high-pitched magnetic circuit systems 33, and the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 moves in the direction of the connecting line of the two high-pitched magnetic circuit systems 33 directly under the action of the alternating electromagnetic field, that is, in the two high-pitched magnetic circuit systems 33. Vibration and sound are generated in the vibration space formed between the systems 33 .
  • the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 moves.
  • the tweeter unit 30 and the bass unit 40 are located on the same axis, the lower end of the bass voice coil 43 is fixed with the bass diaphragm 42, the bass voice coil 43 is suspended in the bass magnetic gap 47, and the bass voice coil 43 vibrates after being energized, thereby driving The bass diaphragm 42 vibrates to produce sound.
  • the utility model takes into account the full-band sound quality of bass and treble, and has better sense of hearing. During the sounding process of the tweeter unit 30 of the sound generating device 10, only the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 moves, and the coil 332 and the first magnetic steel 331 in the tweeter magnetic circuit system 33 can remain stationary.
  • the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is only affected by the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic steel 331 located on both sides. size, shape, size, etc., so that the magnetic conductive diaphragm 373 can remain stationary at a preset position in the vibration space.
  • the present invention arranges the coil 332 around the first magnetic steel 331, so that in the magnetic field generated by the tweeter magnetic circuit system 33, the intensity of the permanent magnetic field in the central area is Compared with the intensity of the permanent magnetic field in the edge area, when the coil 332 is energized, the magnetic field intensity of the alternating magnetic field experienced by the central area of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is greater than the magnetic field of the alternating magnetic field experienced by the edge area of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 .
  • the driving force received by the central region of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is greater than the driving force received by the edge region of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37, so that the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is more easily affected by the alternating electromagnetic field to generate sound and vibrate.
  • the first magnetic steel 331 , the coil 332 and the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 are coaxially arranged to facilitate vibration balance.
  • the energization of the coil 332 can be controlled, so that the high-pitched and high-pitched magnetic circuit system 33 can generate an alternating electromagnetic field, and the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 Under the action of the alternating electromagnetic field, it can vibrate in the vibration space, and the voice coil connected to the diaphragm is omitted, so that only the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 vibrates, and the vibration components to be driven by the high-pitched and high-pitched magnetic circuit system 33 are of small mass, which can improve the sound quality.
  • the present invention by arranging the coil 332 around the first magnetic steel 331, makes the driving force generated in the central area of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 larger, which is conducive to the generation of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37. vibration.
  • the magnetization directions of the first magnetic steels 331 of the two high-frequency magnetic circuit systems 33 are the same, and the current directions of the coils 332 of the two high-frequency magnetic circuit systems 33 are opposite.
  • the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 can be suspended between the two first magnetic steels 331 in a balanced manner because the magnetic force direction of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is opposite to that of the two first magnetic steels 331 .
  • the coil 332 When the current direction of the coil 332 above and below the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is opposite, the coil 332 generates an alternating electromagnetic field, and the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 vibrates in the up and down direction under the action of the alternating electromagnetic field, so that the current in the coil 332 can be controlled by controlling the current.
  • the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 vibrates and emits sound.
  • FIG. 8 is a force analysis diagram of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 in an embodiment when the coil 332 is not energized
  • FIG. 9 is a magnetic conductive vibration in an embodiment when the coil 332 is energized Force analysis diagram of membrane 37.
  • the first magnetic steel 331 located above the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 and the first magnetic steel 331 located below the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 are both N poles at the upper end and S poles at the lower end, namely The magnetization direction of the first magnetic steel 331 is the same, and the direction shown by the magnetic field line goes out from the N pole and enters the S pole. Since the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is subjected to opposite directions of the magnetic forces of the two first magnetic steels 331 , the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 can be suspended between the two first magnetic steels 331 in a balanced manner.
  • the first magnetic steel 331 located above the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 and the first magnetic steel 331 located below the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 are both N pole at the upper end and S pole at the lower end.
  • the current direction of the coil 332 located outside the upper first magnet 331 is left in and right out, and the current direction of the coil 332 located outside the lower first magnet 331 is right in and left out, that is, two coils 332 current flow in the opposite direction.
  • Ampere's law it is determined that the upper end of the coil 332 above the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is S pole and the lower end is N level, and the coil 332 located below the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is determined.
  • the opposite sides of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 are magnetized by the upper first magnetic steel 331 and the lower first magnetic steel 331 to generate polarities.
  • the upper side of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is the N pole, and the lower side is the S pole;
  • the lower end is the N pole and the upper side of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 repels the same sex, and the upper end of the lower coil 332 is the N pole and the lower side of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 attracts the opposite sex, so that the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is in the two superimposed forces.
  • the downward deformation generates vibration, thereby further improving the electro-acoustic conversion efficiency of the sound generating device 10 .
  • the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the current of the upper coil 332 is opposite to the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the upper first magnetic steel 331 , which is a negative direction.
  • the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the current of the lower coil 332 is the same as that of the first magnetic
  • the magnetic flux produced by steel 331 has the same direction, which is negative.
  • the magnetic permeable diaphragm 37 receives the magnetic flux ⁇ 1 of the upper tweeter magnetic circuit system 33 ⁇ the magnetic flux ⁇ 2 of the lower tweeter magnetic circuit system 33 received by the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 .
  • the electromagnetic force F ⁇ pushes the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 to move toward the lower treble magnetic circuit system 33 .
  • the current direction of the coil 332 above and below the magnetic permeable diaphragm 37 is the opposite direction as shown in FIG.
  • the magnetic permeable diaphragm 37 is subjected to the magnetic flux of the upper tweeter magnetic circuit system 33 ⁇ 1 ′>magnetic permeability
  • the electromagnetic force generated by the high-pitched magnetic circuit system 33 pushes the magnetic-conductive diaphragm 37 to move toward the upper treble magnetic circuit system 33 , so that the magnetic-conductive diaphragm 37 can be controlled to vibrate and produce sound by controlling the current in the coil 332 .
  • the tweeter shell 31 includes a first magnetic conductive shell 311 and a second magnetic conductive shell 312 that are combined with each other.
  • the second magnetic conductive shell 312 is fixed with the woofer 40, and the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is arranged on the first magnetic conductive shell 311 and the second magnetic conductive shell 312.
  • two high-pitched magnetic circuit systems 33 are respectively disposed in the space surrounded by the first magnetic conductive shell 311 and the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 , and in the space surrounded by the second magnetic conductive shell 312 and the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 .
  • the bottom of the second magnetic conductive shell 312 is attached to the bass unit 40 .
  • the first magnetically conductive shell 311 includes a top wall 3111 and a first side wall 3112 extending from the top wall 3111
  • the second magnetically conductive shell 312 includes a bottom wall 3121 and a second sidewall 3122 extending from the bottom wall 3121
  • the bottom wall 3121 and The bass unit 40 is fixed;
  • the first magnetic steel 331 of one of the two treble magnetic circuit systems 33 is arranged on the top wall 3111 and forms a first gap with the first side wall 3112, and the other magnetic circuit system
  • the first magnetic steel 331 is arranged on the bottom wall 3121 and forms a second gap with the second side wall 3122, and the two coils 332 are respectively arranged in the first gap and the second gap.
  • the first magnetically conductive shell 311 includes a top wall 3111 and a first side wall 3112 extending from the top wall 3111
  • the second magnetically conductive shell 312 includes a bottom wall 3121 and a second sidewall 3122 extending from the bottom wall 3121
  • the first magnetic steel 331 of one of the tweeter magnetic circuit systems 33 is disposed on the top wall 3111 and forms a first gap with the first side wall 3112
  • the first magnetic steel 331 of the other tweeter magnetic circuit system 33 The steel 331 is arranged on the bottom wall 3121 and forms a second gap with the second side wall 3122, and the two coils 332 are respectively arranged in the first gap and the second gap.
  • the first side wall 3112 , a coil 332 and a first magnetic steel 331 are successively sleeved, and the second side wall 3122 , another coil 332 and another first magnetic steel 331 are sleeved successively.
  • the first magnetic steel 331 can be directly attached to the top wall 3111 or the bottom wall 3121, while the coil 332 can be wound on the first magnetic steel 331, or can be pre-wound and attached to the top wall 3111 or the bottom wall 3121 .
  • the components of the tweeter magnetic circuit system 33 are set in sequence, thereby effectively reducing the size of the tweeter unit 30 of the sound producing device 10 .
  • the first side wall 3112 and the second side wall 3122 respectively fix the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 from opposite sides of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37, that is, the edge of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 can be fixed on the first side by gluing, welding, etc.
  • the end of the side wall 3112 or the second side wall 3122 is then fixed with the first magnetic conductive shell 311 and the second magnetic conductive shell 312, so as to facilitate product assembly.
  • the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 is directly fixed by the first magnetic conductive shell 311 and the second magnetic conductive shell 312, no other fixing components are provided between the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 and the tweeter magnetic circuit system 33.
  • the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 and The magnetic field distribution between the tweeter magnetic circuit systems 33 is not affected by other fixed components, which is beneficial to improve the conversion efficiency of sound and electricity.
  • the first magnetic steel is provided with a high-pitched air flow channel 35 with an opening facing the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37
  • the top wall 3111 is provided with a high-pitched sound outlet 36 that communicates with the high-pitched air flow channel 35 .
  • the high-pitched magnetic circuit system 33 further includes a sound-transmitting magnet 333 disposed in the high-pitched airflow channel 35 , and a plurality of pore structures are distributed in the sound-transmitting magnet 333 .
  • the sound-transmitting magnet 333 is a magnetic-conducting member, which can increase the magnetic permeability of the tweeter magnetic circuit system 33. Due to the distribution of the pore structure, the air in the tweeter shell 31 can communicate with the outside through the pore structure, and the magnetic-conducting diaphragm 37 pushes The airflow can still be transmitted to the outside through the pore structure.
  • the first magnetic steel 331 and the sound-transmitting magnet 333 are separate components, and the sound-transmitting magnet 333 may be foamed iron-nickel. In other embodiments, the first magnetic steel 331 and the sound-transmitting magnet 333 may also be integrally formed.
  • the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 in this embodiment is a planar magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 .
  • the planar magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 provided in this embodiment can reduce the size of the sound generating device 10 .
  • the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 includes a metal body, and the metal body includes one or more of stainless steel S430, silicon steel, SPCC, iron-nickel alloy, iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy, and soft ferrite.
  • the metal body includes one or more of stainless steel S430, silicon steel, SPCC, iron-nickel alloy, iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy, and soft ferrite.
  • the metal body vibrates, the sound quality emitted has a metallic texture.
  • the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 may further include a damping layer disposed on the metal body, and the damping layer may be an adhesive film layer, PEEK, TPU, TPEE, or the like.
  • the damping property of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 can be adjusted through the damping layer, which is beneficial to the balance of the vibration of the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 and brings a more delicate listening feeling.
  • the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 includes a base material and a magnetic conductive layer disposed on the base material, the base material is any one of metal or non-metal, elastomer or non-elastomeric body, and the magnetic conductive layer is nickel , iron-nickel alloy, iron-phosphorus alloy and other powders with soft magnetic properties are arranged on the substrate by plating, deposition, magnetron sputtering, etc.
  • the bass magnetic circuit system 41 includes a magnetic yoke 491
  • the bass housing 49 includes a middle casing 22 and a mounting cover 23 fixed to each other
  • the bottom wall 3121 is fixed on the magnetic yoke 491
  • the bass magnetic circuit system 41 and the middle casing are 22 is fixed
  • the bass diaphragm 42 is fixed on the installation cover 23, and the yoke 491 is used to fix the tweeter unit 30 and the woofer unit 40.
  • the second magnetic conductive shell 312 can be attached to the magnetic yoke 491 .
  • the bass magnetic circuit system 41 is formed with a bass airflow channel 45 communicating with the treble airflow channel 35 .
  • the bottom wall 3121 is provided with a first vent hole 415.
  • the first vent hole 415 corresponds to the high-pitched sound outlet 36.
  • the vent hole 415 enters the tweeter airflow channel 35 and is discharged out of the sound generating device 10, which is beneficial to maintain the air pressure balance in the tweeter unit 30 and the woofer unit 40, avoid excessive air pressure inside the tweeter unit 30 and the woofer unit 40, and prevent the tweeter unit 30 and the woofer unit from being affected. 40 performance.
  • the bass magnetic circuit system 41 further includes a second magnet 411 and a third magnet 412 arranged at intervals, the bass airflow channel 45 is opened on the second magnet 411, and the third magnet 412 is wound around the second magnet 412.
  • the steel 411 is circumferentially surrounded, the second magnetic steel 411 is fixed to the side of the magnetic yoke 491 away from the tweeter housing 31 , and the third magnetic steel 412 is fixed to the magnetic yoke 491 and the middle shell 22 respectively.
  • the bass magnetic circuit system 41 may further include a first washer 413 and a second washer 414.
  • the first washer 413 matches the shape of the second magnetic steel 411 and is attached to the side of the second magnetic steel 411 away from the yoke 419.
  • the second washer 414 matches the shape of the third magnetic steel 412 and is attached to the side of the third magnetic steel 412 away from the yoke 419 .
  • a bass magnetic gap 47 is formed between the second magnetic steel 411 and the third magnetic steel 412 .
  • the first washer 413 and the second washer 414 further increase the magnetic flux of the bass magnetic circuit system.
  • the yoke 419 is also provided with a bass sound outlet 212 that communicates with the bass magnetic gap 47 .
  • the bass sound hole 212 is provided corresponding to the bass magnetic gap 47 .
  • the tweeter unit 30 is facing the sound output direction of the whole headphone.
  • the sound output path of the woofer unit 40 flows out from the bass sound hole 212 through the bass magnetic gap 47.
  • the number of bass sound holes 212 can be multiple to further improve the bass unit. 40's of low frequency performance.
  • the bass unit 40 further includes a centering support piece 48 , and the centering support piece 48 is respectively fixed to the bass diaphragm 42 and the bass shell 49 .
  • One end of the centering support piece 48 can be fixed on the end of the bass voice coil 43 away from the bass diaphragm 42, and the other end can be fixed on the middle shell 22, which can ensure the linear balance of the bass vibration state and suppress polarization.
  • the bass unit 40 further includes a passive radiation membrane 46 located between the bass diaphragm 42 and the bass housing 49 , and the passive radiation membrane 46 is disposed corresponding to the bass diaphragm 42 .
  • the mounting cover 23 includes a bottom cover portion 231 and a side cover portion 232 circumferentially surrounding the bottom cover portion 231 , and the bass unit 40 further includes a passive radiation membrane located between the bass diaphragm 42 and the bottom cover portion 231 . 46.
  • the passive radiation film 46 is disposed corresponding to the bass diaphragm 42, and the edge of the passive radiation film 46 is fixed on the side cover part 232.
  • the bottom cover portion 231 is disposed opposite to the magnetic conductive diaphragm 37 , and the bottom cover portion 231 has functions such as protection and dust prevention.
  • the passive radiating membrane 46 is spaced apart from the bass membrane 42 and the bottom cover 231 respectively. When the bass membrane 42 vibrates, the air pressure generated by the bass membrane 42 between the passive radiating membranes 46 is compressed or expanded.
  • the passive radiating film 46 generates vibrations, which facilitates the diffusion of low-frequency signals, improves the volume of bass, and reduces the resonant frequency, which can effectively improve the low-frequency performance of the sound-emitting device 10 .
  • the bottom cover 231 can protect the passive radiation film 46 and prevent the passive radiation diaphragm from being accidentally scratched or collided.
  • a ventilation hole can be opened on the bottom cover 231 to reduce the airflow between the passive radiation film 46 and the bottom cover 231. Timely dredging to ensure the balance of internal and external air pressure.
  • the bottom cover 231 is provided with a second ventilation hole 2311 . When the passive radiation film 46 vibrates, the second ventilation hole 2311 can clear the airflow generated between the passive radiation film 46 and the bottom cover 231 in time to avoid excessive air pressure.
  • the bass diaphragm 42 is fixed on the side cover part 23 by the fixing ring 44, the edge of the bass diaphragm 42 is fixedly sandwiched between the side cover part 23 of the side cover part 232 and the fixing ring 44, and the fixing ring 44 fixes the bass diaphragm 42 Being stably fixed on the side cover portion 232 enhances the strength of the overall structure of the sound generating device 10 .
  • a mounting ear 2323 is formed at one end of the side cover portion 232 away from the bottom cover portion 231 , and the mounting ear 2323 can be used to mount the entire sound generating device to the main body of the earphone.
  • the present invention also provides an earphone, and the earphone includes the above sounding device 10 . Since the earphone adopts all the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型公开一种发声装置和耳机，发声装置包括高音单元和低音单元，高音单元包括高音壳体、以及设于所述高音壳体内的导磁振膜和两个高音磁路系统，所述高音磁路系统包括贴设在所述高音壳体上的第一磁钢和绕所述第一磁钢设置的线圈，所述导磁振膜悬置于两个所述相对间隔设置的高音磁路系统之间，所述导磁振膜用于在所述高音磁路系统产生的交变电磁场的作用下振动发声；低音单元包括低音壳体以及设于所述低音壳体内的低音振膜、低音音圈和低音磁路系统，所述低音单元与所述高音壳体固定，所述低音振膜与所述低音音圈连接，所述低音磁路系统形成有供所述低音音圈插入的低音磁间隙。高音磁路系统所要驱动的振动部件质量小，声电转换效率高。

Description

发声装置和耳机 技术领域
本实用新型涉及电声转换技术领域，特别涉及一种发声装置和耳机。
背景技术
常规的耳机的发声装置一般只包含一个振动单元，这种结构设计比较简单，但是却无法很好地兼顾产品在高频和低频时不同频段的性能和音质，音质较差，有一些耳机的低频性能较好，一些则是高频性能较好。双振动单元的发声装置能够满足低频和高频同时工作，对于产品的性能曲线和听音的音质具有互补和提升的作用。但是现有耳机的高音单元大多通过音圈通电，从而使得音圈在间隙内运动，以使得音圈驱动振膜振动。由于振膜振动发声的过程中，音圈和振膜一同运动，导致振动质量大，高频音质不好，且电声转换效率低。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的主要目的是提供一种发声装置和耳机，旨在解决现有的能够同时满足高频和低频效果的发声装置的至少一个技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本实用新型提供的发声装置，所述发声装置包括：
高音单元，所述高音单元包括高音壳体、以及设于所述高音壳体内的导磁振膜和两个高音磁路系统，所述高音磁路系统包括贴设在所述高音壳体上的第一磁钢和绕所述第一磁钢设置的线圈，所述导磁振膜悬置于两个所述相对间隔设置的高音磁路系统之间，所述导磁振膜用于在所述高音磁路系统产生的交变电磁场的作用下振动发声；
低音单元，所述低音单元包括低音壳体以及设于所述低音壳体内的低音振膜、低音音圈和低音磁路系统，所述低音单元与所述高音壳体固定，所述低音振膜与所述低音音圈连接，所述低音磁路系统形成有供所述低音音圈插入的低音磁间隙。
可选地，所述高音壳体包括互相拼合的第一导磁壳和第二导磁壳，所述 第二导磁壳与所述低音单元固定，所述导磁振膜设置在所述第一导磁壳和所述第二导磁壳之间，两个所述高音磁路系统分别设置在所述第一导磁壳和所述导磁振膜围绕的空间内、以及所述第二导磁壳和所述导磁振膜围绕的空间内。
可选地，所述第一导磁壳包括顶壁和自所述顶壁延伸的第一侧壁，所述第二导磁壳包括底壁和自所述底壁延伸的第二侧壁，所述底壁与所述低音单元固定；两个所述高音磁路系统中一个所述高音磁路系统的第一磁钢设于所述顶壁上并与所述第一侧壁之间形成第一间隙，另一个所述高音磁路系统的第一磁钢设于所述底壁上并与所述第二侧壁之间形成第二间隙，两个所述线圈分别设置于所述第一间隙和所述第二间隙内。
可选地，所述顶壁上开设有高音出声孔。
可选地，所述低音磁路系统包括磁轭，所述低音壳体包括互相固定的中壳和安装盖，所述底壁固定在所述磁轭上，所述低音磁路系统与所述中壳固定，所述低音振膜固定于所述安装盖。
可选地，所述第一磁钢形成有与所述高音出声孔连通的高音气流通道，所述低音磁路系统形成有与所述高音气流通道连通的低音气流通道，所述高音气流通道和所述低音气流通道依次同轴设置。
可选地，所述磁轭上还开设有与所述低音磁间隙互相连通的低音出声孔。
可选地，所述低音单元还包括定心支片，所述定心支片分别与所述低音振膜以及所述低音壳体固定。
可选地，所述低音单元还包括位于所述低音振膜与所述低音壳体之间的被动辐射膜，所述被动辐射膜与所述低音振膜对应设置。
此外，本实用新型还提供了一种耳机，所述耳机包括如上所述的发声装置。
本实用新型中，低音单元包括设于低音壳体内的低音振膜、低音音圈和低音磁路系统，低音振膜与低音音圈连接，低音磁路系统形成有供低音音圈插入的低音磁间隙，通过将高音单元的高音壳体和低音单元固定，兼顾了高频和低频的性能，且高音单元包括设于所述高音壳体内的导磁振膜和两个高音磁路系统，所述高音磁路系统包括贴设在所述高音壳体上的第一磁钢和绕所述第一磁钢设置的线圈，所述导磁振膜悬置于两个所述相对间隔设置的高 音磁路系统之间，所述导磁振膜用于在所述高音磁路系统产生的交变电磁场的作用下振动发声，省去设置与高音振膜连接的音圈，使得仅导磁振膜振动，高音磁路系统所要驱动的振动部件质量小，能够提升高频性能，并且可以提高声电转换效率，本实用新型通过将线圈绕第一磁钢设置，使得导磁振膜的中心区域产生更大的驱动力，有利于导磁振膜产生振动。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本实用新型一实施例的发声装置剖面结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型一实施例的发声装置的结构示意图；
图3为本实用新型一实施例的发声装置的高音单元的剖面结构示意图；
图4为本实用新型一实施例的发声装置的高音单元的解结构示意图；
图5为本实用新型一实施例的发声装置的拆解结构示意图；
图6为图1的发声装置的另一角度的结构示意图。
图7为本实用新型一实施例的发声装置的另一拆解结构示意图；
图8为本实用新型一实施例发声装置高音单元的线圈不通电情况下的受力分析示意图；
图9为本实用新型一实施例发声装置高音单元的线圈通电情况下的受力分析示意图。
实施例附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称
10 发声装置 212 低音出声孔
22 中壳 23 安装盖
231 底盖部 232 侧盖部
2311 第二通气孔 491 磁轭
2323 装配耳 30 高音单元
31 高音壳体 311 第一导磁壳
3111 顶壁 3112 第一侧壁
3113 壁本体 49 低音壳体
312 第二导磁壳 3121 底壁
3122 第二侧壁 33 高音磁路系统
331 第一磁钢 332 线圈
333 传音导磁体 35 高音气流通道
36 高音出声孔 40 低音单元
41 低音磁路系统 42 低音振膜
43 低音音圈 44 固定环
45 低音气流通道 46 被动辐射膜
47 低音磁间隙 48 定心支片
411 第二磁钢 37 导磁振膜
412 第三磁钢 413 第一华司
414 第二华司 415 第一通气孔
本实用新型目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
需要说明，本实用新型实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，在本实用新型中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本实用新型要求的保护范围之内。
本实用新型所指的“上”、“下”是以图1所示的方位为基准，仅用于解释在图1所示姿态下各部件之间的相对位置关系，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
如图1～图3所示，本实用新型提出一种发声装置10包括：
高音单元30，高音单元30包括高音壳体31、以及设于高音壳体31内的导磁振膜37和两个高音磁路系统33，高音磁路系统33包括贴设在高音壳体31上的第一磁钢331和绕第一磁钢331设置的线圈332，导磁振膜37悬置于两个相对间隔设置的高音磁路系统33之间，导磁振膜37用于在高音磁路系统33产生的交变电磁场的作用下振动发声；
低音单元40，低音单元40包括低音壳体49以及设于低音壳体49内的低音振膜42、低音音圈43和低音磁路系统41，低音单元40与高音壳体31固定，低音振膜42与低音音圈43连接，低音磁路系统41形成有供低音音圈43插入的低音磁间隙47。
在本实用新型的高音单元30中未设置与导磁振膜37连接的音圈，与常规的音圈驱动振膜的方式不相同，位于导磁振膜37两侧的线圈332通电时，两个高音磁路系统33相互作用下产生交变电磁场，导磁振膜37直接在该交变电磁场的作用下，沿两个高音磁路系统33的连线方向移动，即在两个高音磁路系统33之间形成的振动空间内振动发声。在该高音单元30发声过程中，仅导磁振膜37运动。高音单元30和低音单元40位于同一条轴线上，低音音圈43的下端与低音振膜42固定，低音音圈43悬置于低音磁间隙47中，低音音圈43通电后发生振动，从而带动低音振膜42振动发声。本实用新型兼顾低音、高音全频段音质，具有更好的听感。在该发声装置10的高音单元30发声过程中，仅导磁振膜37运动，高音磁路系统33中的线圈332和第一磁 钢331可以不动。位于导磁振膜37两侧的线圈332不通电时，导磁振膜37仅受到位于两侧的第一磁钢331产生的磁场作用，此时可通过控制两个第一磁钢331的磁性大小、形状大小等，以使得导磁振膜373可在振动空间中的预设位置处保持静止。
相较于将线圈332设置在第一磁钢331内侧的设置方式，本实用新型通过将线圈332绕第一磁钢331设置，使得高音磁路系统33产生的磁场中，中心区域的永磁场强度相较于边沿区域的永磁场强度更大，线圈332通电时，导磁振膜37的中心区域感受到的交变磁场的磁场强度大于导磁振膜37的边沿区域受到的交变磁场的磁场强度，因此，导磁振膜37的中心区域受到的驱动力大于导磁振膜37的边沿区域受到的驱动力，以使导磁振膜37更容易受交变电磁场作用而发声振动。在一实施例中，第一磁钢331、线圈332和导磁振膜37同轴设置，以有利于振动平衡。
在本实用新型中，通过在导磁振膜37的两侧设置高音磁路系统33，从而可通过控制线圈332的通电情况，使得高音高音磁路系统33产生交变电磁场，导磁振膜37在交变电磁场作用下可以在振动空间内振动，省去设置与振膜连接的音圈，使得仅导磁振膜37振动，高音高音磁路系统33所要驱动的振动部件质量小，能够提升高频性能，并且可以提高声电转换效率；本实用新型通过将线圈332绕第一磁钢331设置，使得导磁振膜37的中心区域产生的驱动力更大，有利于导磁振膜37产生振动。
可选地，两个高音磁路系统33的第一磁钢331的充磁方向相同，两个高音磁路系统33的线圈332的电流方向相反。在线圈332不通电情况下，由于导磁振膜37受到两个第一磁钢331的磁力方向相反，使得导磁振膜37可以平衡的悬置在两个第一磁钢331之间。在导磁振膜37上下的线圈332电流方向相反方向时，线圈332产生交变电磁场，导磁振膜37在交变电磁场的作用下沿上下方向振动，从而可以通过控制线圈332中电流，控制导磁振膜37振动发声。
请参阅图8和图9，其中图8为线圈332不通电情况下，一实施例中导磁振膜37的受力分析图；图9为线圈332通电情况下，一实施例中导磁振膜37的受力分析图。在图8所示的实施例中，位于导磁振膜37上方的第一磁钢331和位于导磁振膜37下方的第一磁钢331均为上端为N极、下端为S极，即第 一磁钢331的充磁方向相同，磁感线所示方向由N极出来进入S极，同时由于导磁振膜37具有导磁性，使得磁感线为图中箭头所示方向。由于导磁振膜37受到两个第一磁钢331的磁力方向相反，使得导磁振膜37可以平衡的悬置在两个第一磁钢331之间。
在图9所示的实施例中，位于导磁振膜37上方的第一磁钢331和位于导磁振膜37下方的第一磁钢331均为上端为N极、下端为S极，同时位于上方第一磁钢331外侧的线圈332的电流方向为左侧进、右侧出，位于下方第一磁钢331外侧的线圈332的电流方向为右侧进、左侧出，即两个线圈332的电流方向相反。根据安培定则，确定位于导磁振膜37上方的线圈332中，上端为S极、下端为N级，位于导磁振膜37下方的线圈332中，上端为N极、下端为S级。
导磁振膜37的相对两侧被上方第一磁钢331和下方第一磁钢331磁化产生极性，导磁振膜37的上侧为N极，下侧为S极；上方线圈332的下端为N极与导磁振膜37的上侧同性相斥，下方线圈332的上端为N极与导磁振膜37的下侧异性相吸，使得导磁振膜37在两个叠加力的作用下，向下形变产生振动，从而进一步提高该发声装置10的电声转换效率。
从另一角度考虑，如图8所示，两个线圈不通电时，导磁振膜中的磁通量为ΦA＝Φ g1+Φ g2＝Φ g+(-Φ g)≈0；其中，φ g1为上方第一磁钢331产生的磁通量，φ g1的方向定义为正方向，Φ g2为下方第一磁钢331产生的磁通量，下方第一磁钢331产生的磁通量与上方第一磁钢331产生的磁通量大小相同、方向相反，其方向为负方向。
如图9所示，两个线圈通入反向电流时，导磁振膜37受到上方高音磁路系统33的磁通量为：φ 1＝φ g1+φ i1＝φ g+(-φ i)，其中，上方线圈332电流产生的磁通量方向与上方第一磁钢331产生的磁通量方向相反，为负方向。
导磁振膜37受到下方高音磁路系统33的磁通量为：φ 2＝φ g2+φ i2＝(-φ g)+(-φ i)，下方线圈332电流产生的磁通量方向与下方第一磁钢331产生的磁通量方向相同，为负方向。
因此，导磁振膜37受到上方高音磁路系统33的磁通量φ 1＜导磁振膜37受到下方高音磁路系统33的磁通量φ 2。
并且，两个线圈332通入反向电流时，ΦA'＝φ 1+φ 2＝φ g+(-φ i)+(- φ g)+(-φ i)＝-2φ i，若此通电状态末状态，不通电位初始状态，导磁振膜37中的磁通量变化量为：△φ＝ΦA'-ΦA＝错误！未找到引用源。2φ i错误！未找到引用源。0＝错误！未找到引用源。2φ i。导磁振膜37受到的电磁力Fφ与磁通量变化率成正比，即Fφ与△φ/△t＝错误！未找到引用源。2φ i/△t成正比。
在图9所示实施例中，电磁力Fφ推动导磁振膜37向靠近下方高音磁路系统33运动。同样地，在导磁振膜37上下的线圈332电流方向为图9所示相反方向时，通过上述推导过程可知，导磁振膜37受到上方高音磁路系统33的磁通量φ 1'＞导磁振膜37受到下方高音磁路系统33的磁通量φ 2'，并且，导磁振膜37受到的电磁力Fφ'与磁通量变化率成正比，即Fφ'与△φ'/△t＝2φ i/△t成正比。高音磁路系统33产生的电磁力推动导磁振膜37向靠近上方高音磁路系统33运动，从而可以通过控制线圈332中电流，控制导磁振膜37振动发声。
高音壳体31包括互相拼合的第一导磁壳311和第二导磁壳312，第二导磁壳312与低音单元40固定，导磁振膜37设置在第一导磁壳311和第二导磁壳312之间，两个高音磁路系统33分别设置在第一导磁壳311和导磁振膜37围绕的空间内、以及第二导磁壳312和导磁振膜37围绕的空间内，第二导磁壳312的底部贴设在低音单元40上。
第一导磁壳311包括顶壁3111和自顶壁3111延伸的第一侧壁3112，第二导磁壳312包括底壁3121和自底壁3121延伸的第二侧壁3122，底壁3121与低音单元40固定；两个高音磁路系统33中一个高音磁路系统33的第一磁钢331设于顶壁3111上并与第一侧壁3112之间形成第一间隙，另一个磁路系统的第一磁钢331设于底壁3121上并与第二侧壁3122之间形成第二间隙，两个线圈332分别设置于第一间隙和第二间隙内。具体地，第一导磁壳311包括顶壁3111和自顶壁3111延伸的第一侧壁3112，第二导磁壳312包括底壁3121和自底壁3121延伸的第二侧壁3122；两个高音磁路系统33中一个高音磁路系统33的第一磁钢331设于顶壁3111上并与第一侧壁3112之间形成第一间隙，另一个高音磁路系统33的第一磁钢331设于底壁3121上并与第二侧壁3122之间形成第二间隙，两个线圈332分别设置于第一间隙和第二间隙内。即由外至内，第一侧壁3112、一线圈332和一第一磁钢331依次套设， 第二侧壁3122、另一线圈332和另一第一磁钢331依次套设。第一磁钢331可以直接贴设在顶壁3111或底壁3121上，同时线圈332可以绕制在第一磁钢331上，也可以预先绕制后贴设在顶壁3111或底壁3121上。高音磁路系统33的各部件通过依次套设，从而有效减小发声装置10高音单元30的尺寸。第一侧壁3112和第二侧壁3122分别从导磁振膜37的相对两侧固定导磁振膜37，即导磁振膜37的边沿可通过打胶、焊接等方式固设在第一侧壁3112或第二侧壁3122的端部，再将第一导磁壳311和第二导磁壳312配合盖设固定，从而方便产品组装。同时由于导磁振膜37直接通过第一导磁壳311和第二导磁壳312固定，使得导磁振膜37与高音磁路系统33之间未设置其他固定部件，导磁振膜37和高音磁路系统33之间的磁场分布不受其他固定部件影响，有利于提升声电转换效率。
如图1、图5和图6所示，第一磁钢开设有开口朝向导磁振膜37的高音气流通道35，顶壁3111上开设有连通高音气流通道35的高音出声孔36。通过开设高音出声孔36，有利于导磁振膜37在高音壳体31内振动，导磁振膜37推动的气流可以通过高音气流通道35和高音出声孔36传到外部。
如图3和图4所示，高音磁路系统33还包括设于高音气流通道35内的传音导磁体333，传音导磁体333内分布有若干孔隙结构。传音导磁体333为导磁件，从而可增加高音磁路系统33的导磁性，由于分布有孔隙结构，使得高音壳体31内的空气可以通过孔隙结构与外部连通，导磁振膜37推动的气流依然可以通过孔隙结构传到外部。在本实施例中，第一磁钢331和传音导磁体333为分别独立设置的部件，传音导磁体333可以为泡沫铁镍。在其他实施例中，第一磁钢331和传音导磁体333也可以为一体成型结构。
本实施例的导磁振膜37为平面导磁振膜37。相较于现有技术中具有折环结构的振膜，本实施例提供的平面导磁振膜37可以减小发声装置10的尺寸。具体地，导磁振膜37包括金属主体，金属主体包括不锈钢S430、硅钢、SPCC、铁镍合金、铁钴钒合金、软磁铁氧体中的一种或多种。相较于橡胶材质或纸质的振膜，金属主体振动时，发出的音质具有金属质感。导磁振膜37还可以包括设于金属主体上的阻尼层，阻尼层可以是胶膜层、PEEK、TPU、TPEE等。通过阻尼层可以调节导磁振膜37的阻尼性，有利于导磁振膜37振动的平衡，带来更加细腻的听感。在另一实施例中，导磁振膜37包括基材和设于 基材上的导磁层，基材为金属或非金属、弹性体或非弹性体中任意一种，导磁层为镍、铁镍合金、铁磷合金等具有软磁性质的粉末通过镀覆、沉积、磁控溅射等设置于基材上。
在一实施例中，低音磁路系统41包括磁轭491，低音壳体49包括互相固定的中壳22和安装盖23，底壁3121固定在磁轭491上，低音磁路系统41与中壳22固定，低音振膜42固定于安装盖23，磁轭491用于将高音单元30和低音单元40固定，装配时，只需将高音单元30和低音单元40分别组装，最后将高音单元30的第二导磁壳312贴设在磁轭491上即可。
如图1和图6所示，低音磁路系统41形成有与高音气流通道35连通的低音气流通道45，高音气流通道35和低音气流通道45依次同轴设置。底壁3121上开设有第一通气孔415，第一通气孔415与高音出声孔36相对应，低音振膜42振动时，低音壳体49内的气体可通过从低音气流通道45经第一通气孔415进入高音气流通道35排出发声装置10外，有利于保持高音单元30和低音单元40内的气压平衡，避免高音单元30和低音单元40内部气压过大，防止影响高音单元30和低音单元40的性能。在一实施例中，低音磁路系统41还包括间隔设置的第二磁钢411和第三磁钢412，低音气流通道45开设在第二磁钢411上，第三磁钢412绕第二磁钢411周向环绕，第二磁钢411与磁轭491背离高音壳体31的一侧固定，第三磁钢412分别与磁轭491以及中壳22固定。低音磁路系统41还可包括第一华司413和第二华司414，第一华司413与第二磁钢411形状匹配且贴设在第二磁钢411背离磁轭419的一侧，第二华司414与第三磁钢412形状匹配且贴设在第三磁钢412上背离磁轭419的一侧，第二磁钢411和第三磁钢412之间形成低音磁间隙47，第一华司413和第二华司414进一步提高了低音磁路系统的磁通量。
磁轭419上还开设有与低音磁间隙47互相连通的低音出声孔212。低音出声孔212与低音磁间隙47对应设置。高音单元30正对耳机整机出音方向，低音单元40的出音路径是经低音磁间隙47由低音出声孔212流出，低音出声孔212的数量可为多个，以进一步提高低音单元40的低频性能。
如图7所示，低音单元40还包括定心支片48，定心支片48分别与低音振膜42以及低音壳体49固定。定心支片48一端可固定在低音音圈43远离低音振膜42的端部，另一端固定在中壳22上，可保证低音振动状态线性平 衡，抑制偏振。
可选地，低音单元40还包括位于低音振膜42与低音壳体49之间的被动辐射膜46，被动辐射膜46与低音振膜42对应设置。在一实施例中，安装盖23包括底盖部231和绕底盖部231周向环绕的侧盖部232，低音单元40还包括位于低音振膜42与底盖部231之间的被动辐射膜46，被动辐射膜46与低音振膜42对应设置，被动辐射膜46的边缘固定在侧盖部232上。底盖部231与导磁振膜37背向设置，底盖部231具有保护、防尘等作用。被动辐射膜46分别与低音振膜42和底盖部231间隔设置，当低音振膜42振动时，低音振膜42位于被动辐射膜46之间产生的气压被压缩或扩展，在气压变化的作用下，被动辐射膜46产生振动，便于低频信号的扩散，可提升低音的量感，还能降低谐振频率，可以有效提升发声装置10的低频性能。底盖部231可保护被动辐射膜46，防止被动辐射振膜因意外被刮伤或碰撞，同时底盖部231上可开设通气孔，可将被动辐射膜46与底盖部231之间的气流及时疏通，保证内外气压平衡。底盖部231上开设有第二通气孔2311，当被动辐射膜46振动时，第二通气孔2311可及时疏通被动辐射膜46与底盖部231之间产生的气流，避免气压过大。
低音振膜42通过固定环44固定在侧盖部23上，低音振膜42的边缘固定夹设在侧盖部232的侧盖部23和固定环44之间，固定环44将低音振膜42稳定地固定在侧盖部232上，增强了发声装置10的整体结构的强度。在侧盖部232远离底盖部231的一端形成有装配耳2323，装配耳2323可用于将整个发声装置装配至耳机的主体上。
此外，本实用新型还提供了一种耳机，耳机包括如上的发声装置10。由于该耳机采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。
以上仅为本实用新型的优选实施例，并非因此限制本实用新型的专利范围，凡是在本实用新型的实用新型构思下，利用本实用新型说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本实用新型的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，所述发声装置包括：
    高音单元，所述高音单元包括高音壳体、以及设于所述高音壳体内的导磁振膜和两个高音磁路系统，所述高音磁路系统包括贴设在所述高音壳体上的第一磁钢和绕所述第一磁钢设置的线圈，所述导磁振膜悬置于两个相对间隔设置的所述高音磁路系统之间，所述导磁振膜用于在所述高音磁路系统产生的交变电磁场的作用下振动发声；
    低音单元，所述低音单元包括低音壳体以及设于所述低音壳体内的低音振膜、低音音圈和低音磁路系统，所述低音单元与所述高音壳体固定，所述低音振膜与所述低音音圈连接，所述低音磁路系统形成有供所述低音音圈插入的低音磁间隙。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述高音壳体包括互相拼合的第一导磁壳和第二导磁壳，所述第二导磁壳与所述低音单元固定，所述导磁振膜设置在所述第一导磁壳和所述第二导磁壳之间，两个所述高音磁路系统分别设置在所述第一导磁壳和所述导磁振膜围绕的空间内、以及所述第二导磁壳和所述导磁振膜围绕的空间内。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一导磁壳包括顶壁和自所述顶壁延伸的第一侧壁，所述第二导磁壳包括底壁和自所述底壁延伸的第二侧壁，所述底壁与所述低音单元固定；两个所述高音磁路系统中一个所述高音磁路系统的第一磁钢设于所述顶壁上并与所述第一侧壁之间形成第一间隙，另一个所述高音磁路系统的第一磁钢设于所述底壁上并与所述第二侧壁之间形成第二间隙，两个所述线圈分别设置于所述第一间隙和所述第二间隙内。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述顶壁上开设有高音出声孔。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述低音磁路系统包括磁轭，所述低音壳体包括互相固定的中壳和安装盖，所述底壁固定在所述磁轭上，所述低音磁路系统与所述中壳固定，所述低音振膜固定于所述安装盖。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一磁钢形成有与所述高音出声孔连通的高音气流通道，所述低音磁路系统形成有与所述高音气流通道连通的低音气流通道，所述高音气流通道和所述低音气流通道依次同轴设置。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述磁轭上还开设有与所述低音磁间隙互相连通的低音出声孔。
  8. 如权利要求1～7中任一项所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述低音单元还包括定心支片，所述定心支片分别与所述低音振膜以及所述低音壳体固定。
  9. 如权利要求1～7中任一项所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述低音单元还包括位于所述低音振膜与所述低音壳体之间的被动辐射膜，所述被动辐射膜与所述低音振膜对应设置。
  10. 一种耳机，其特征在于，所述耳机包括如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的发声装置。
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CN112243183A (zh) * 2019-07-19 2021-01-19 歌尔股份有限公司 磁势扬声器及其电子设备
CN112770233A (zh) * 2021-02-02 2021-05-07 歌尔股份有限公司 发声单体
CN112770237A (zh) * 2021-02-02 2021-05-07 歌尔股份有限公司 发声单体
CN112770234A (zh) * 2021-02-02 2021-05-07 歌尔股份有限公司 发声单体
CN113055795A (zh) * 2021-02-02 2021-06-29 歌尔股份有限公司 发声装置和耳机
CN214381369U (zh) * 2021-02-02 2021-10-08 歌尔股份有限公司 发声装置和耳机
CN214481241U (zh) * 2021-02-02 2021-10-22 歌尔股份有限公司 发声单体

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CN117499836A (zh) * 2024-01-03 2024-02-02 成都水月雨科技有限公司 一种多动圈组合式耳机及其信号处理方法
CN117499836B (zh) * 2024-01-03 2024-03-15 成都水月雨科技有限公司 一种多动圈组合式耳机及其信号处理方法

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