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WO2022120802A1 - 一种弹簧臂及车辆 - Google Patents

一种弹簧臂及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022120802A1
WO2022120802A1 PCT/CN2020/135757 CN2020135757W WO2022120802A1 WO 2022120802 A1 WO2022120802 A1 WO 2022120802A1 CN 2020135757 W CN2020135757 W CN 2020135757W WO 2022120802 A1 WO2022120802 A1 WO 2022120802A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arm
spring arm
mounting plate
mounting
spring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/135757
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王智博
雒蕾
左安梅
Original Assignee
武汉路特斯汽车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 武汉路特斯汽车有限公司 filed Critical 武汉路特斯汽车有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/135757 priority Critical patent/WO2022120802A1/zh
Priority to CN202080107860.9A priority patent/CN116802067A/zh
Publication of WO2022120802A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022120802A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a spring arm and a vehicle.
  • the rear suspension In order to improve the handling performance of the vehicle suspension, the rear suspension often adopts a five-link structure, but the five-link structure has higher requirements for space layout, and the spring arm is one of the five links, and the Z direction of the spring arm must carry the load The force for installing the air spring and shock absorber.
  • the spring arm also connects the subframe and the steering knuckle through bolts, and its Y direction also needs to carry the force transmission from the wheel to the end of the subframe. Therefore, the spring arm should be small in size and light in weight, while maintaining Y-direction stiffness, Z-direction stiffness, and Y-direction buckling.
  • the Z-direction of the spring arm of the five-link structure of traditional automobile companies mainly passes the bearing capacity of the coil spring, but the cross-sectional area of the coil spring is small.
  • the spring arm structure is mostly designed in a "bowl" shape.
  • the "bowl"-shaped structure takes up a lot of space, the casting process is complicated, and the lightweight requirements can only be met by changing materials.
  • switching from high-strength steel to aluminum to achieve product weight reduction cannot fully achieve the ultimate lightweight of the product.
  • the present invention has been proposed to provide a spring arm and a vehicle that overcome the above-mentioned problems, or at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a spring arm with small volume, compact structure and light weight.
  • a further object of the present invention is to solve the problems of heavy mass and low strength and rigidity of the spring arm in the prior art.
  • a further object of the present invention is to solve the problem that space, gravity, strength, rigidity and durability cannot be combined in the existing spring arm.
  • a spring arm comprising:
  • the two connecting arms are mirror-image structures and are disposed opposite;
  • the mounting plate is connected to one side of the two connecting arms and forms an "H" shape with the two connecting arms; the middle position of the mounting plate protrudes outward from each of the connecting arms, and is formed by the middle portion of the mounting plate. The position is slowly contracted to the connecting arm at both ends.
  • the plane on which the board surface of each connecting arm is located is at a first preset angle with the plane on which the board surface of the mounting board is located, and the height of each connecting arm at the position of the mounting board is greater than both ends.
  • the height at the location, wherein the first predetermined angle is substantially equal to 90°.
  • each of the connecting arms is further provided with a vertical rib, and each of the vertical ribs extends from the middle position of the mounting plate to one end of the connecting arm where the vertical rib is located,
  • the two vertical ribs are arranged opposite to each other, and are located on the same side of the connecting arm as the mounting plate;
  • a second preset angle is formed between the straight line formed by the extending direction of the vertical rib and the plane where the mounting plate is located, and the second preset angle is an obtuse angle.
  • the mounting plate includes a mounting surface located in the middle for installing the air spring, the mounting surface includes a through hole located in the center and a continuous outer edge located at the outside, and a part of the outer edge is connected to the The arm is tangent, and a part is tangent to the vertical rib;
  • the through hole is used for mutually clamping and fixing the air spring with the air spring
  • the outer edge of the mounting surface includes two opposite first arcs located inside the mounting plate and opposite to each other and two second arcs opposite to each other and tangent to the connecting arm.
  • the center of the circle in which each of the first arcs is located is located inside the mounting surface, and the first arcs close to the vertical rib are respectively connected to the two ends of the first arc. tangent to standing tendons;
  • each of the second circular arcs is located outside the mounting surface, and each of the second circular arcs is tangent to the corresponding connecting arm at one end thereof.
  • a first reinforcing rib is provided between the two connecting arms, the first reinforcing rib and the vertical rib are located on the same side of the mounting plate, and the reinforcing rib and the two Ribs bridge each other.
  • the first reinforcing rib is perpendicular to a straight line extending from each of the connecting arms, and two ends of the first reinforcing rib are respectively in contact with a side surface of one of the vertical ribs.
  • a second reinforcing rib is further provided on the surface of the mounting plate opposite to the first reinforcing rib, and the second reinforcing rib is located on opposite sides of the through hole, each of which is The second reinforcing rib is mutually bridged with the two connecting arms.
  • the second reinforcing rib and the first reinforcing rib are parallel to each other, and two ends of each second reinforcing rib are respectively in contact with the side surfaces of the two connecting arms.
  • a grid structure is further provided on one side surface of the mounting plate.
  • each of the connecting arms is provided with at least one mounting hole penetrating the mounting arm at positions close to both ends, and the central axis of the mounting hole and the plane where the mounting plate is located are parallel to each other.
  • the mounting holes on each of the connecting arms include a subframe mounting hole, a shock absorber mounting hole and a steering knuckle mounting hole.
  • each of the connecting arms is provided with a plurality of bosses whose axes are parallel to the plane where the connecting arm is located, wherein the bosses include reinforcing bosses, identification bosses or positioning bosses.
  • the positioning bosses include a first positioning boss provided at each of the connecting arms and a second positioning boss provided at the mounting plate, two of the first positioning bosses and the two positioning bosses.
  • the second positioning boss forms a triangle to improve the stability of the spring arm.
  • another embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle including the spring arm described above.
  • the spring arm of the present invention is composed of two connecting arms and a mounting plate to form an H-shaped structure, the mounting plate is used to install the air spring, and the connecting arm is connected with other parts of the vehicle such as steering knuckle, shock absorber and sub-frame, etc.
  • the existing "bowl"-shaped structure makes the spring arm occupy a smaller space and lighter in weight.
  • the connecting arms are arranged opposite to each other, and the mounting plate is arranged on one side of the two connecting arms, which reduces the space arrangement of the upper end surfaces of the spring arms.
  • the spring arm in the present invention is a force transmission path along the extending direction of the connecting arm, and the spring arm structure can effectively increase the stiffness in the direction of the force transmission path.
  • connecting arm and the mounting plate of the present invention are aluminum alloy formal casting and machining structures, which are compact in structure and small in space, meet the requirements of lightweight materials, and utilize structural features to achieve extreme lightweight structure and improve space utilization.
  • the arm meets the stiffness, strength, buckling and other performance requirements during development.
  • the height of the connecting arm on the spring arm of the present invention at the position of the mounting plate is greater than the height at the two ends, it not only ensures that the mounting plate is located on one side in the height direction of the connecting arm, but also reduces the upper end surface of the spring arm and the air spring. space arrangement, and at the same time effectively improve the Z-direction stiffness of the spring arm.
  • the spring arm of the present invention is provided with a vertical rib, and the structure of the vertical rib increases the Z-direction stiffness and Y-direction buckling strength of the spring arm, and reduces the space structure of the upper end surface of the spring arm, so that the minimum space arrangement can be used to meet the Z-direction stiffness and Y-direction stiffness and Y to flex.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a spring arm according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of another angle of the spring arm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic front view of a spring arm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 after being cut along section line A-A;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic bottom view of a spring arm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic rear view of a spring arm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the spring arm and the air spring after connecting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic rear view of the spring arm and the air spring after connecting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 8 after being cut along section line B-B;
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 8 after being cut along cutting line C-C;
  • FIG. 11 is a partial enlarged view of part D in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a spring arm according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. is a schematic perspective view of another angle of the spring arm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the spring arm 100 may include two connecting arms 10 and a mounting plate 20 .
  • the two connecting arms 10 are mirror-image structures and are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the mounting plate 20 is connected to one side of the two connecting arms 10 to form an "H" shape with the two connecting arms 10 .
  • the middle position of the mounting plate 20 protrudes outward from each connecting arm 10 , and gradually shrinks to the connecting arm 10 from the middle position to both ends.
  • the "middle position" refers to the non-end position of the connecting arm 10, not the central position of the connecting arm.
  • the portion protruding from the connecting arm 10 is located near the center of the connecting arm 10 , and may be at the center or slightly deviated from the center.
  • the spring arm 100 in this embodiment is composed of two connecting arms 10 and a mounting plate 20 to form an H-shaped structure.
  • the mounting plate 20 is used to install the air spring, and the connecting arm 10 is connected to other parts of the vehicle such as steering knuckles, shock absorbers and auxiliary components.
  • the spring arm 100 occupies a smaller space and is lighter.
  • the connecting arms 10 in this embodiment are disposed opposite to each other, and the mounting plate 20 is disposed on one side of the two connecting arms 10 , which reduces the spatial arrangement of the upper end surfaces of the spring arms 100 .
  • the spring arm 100 in this embodiment is a force transmission path along the extending direction of the connecting arm 10 , and the spring arm in this embodiment can effectively increase the stiffness in the direction of the force transmission path.
  • connecting arm 10 and the mounting plate 20 of the present application are aluminum alloy formal casting and machining structures, which are compact in structure and occupy a small space, meet the requirements of lightweight materials, and utilize structural features to achieve extreme lightweight structure, improve space utilization, and
  • the spring arm 100 meets the rigidity, strength, buckling and other performance requirements during development.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a spring arm according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line A-A of FIG. 3 .
  • the plane where the board surface of each connecting arm 10 is located and the plane where the board surface of the mounting board 20 is located form a first preset angle, wherein the first preset angle is substantially equal to 90° .
  • the first preset angle is the angle ⁇ in FIG. 4 .
  • the first preset angle ⁇ is 90°.
  • the first preset angle ⁇ may be in the range of 90° ⁇ 10°.
  • each connecting arm 10 at the position of the mounting plate 20 is greater than that at the positions at both ends.
  • the height of the side of the connecting arm 10 at the position of the connecting plate is greater than the height at both ends, which not only ensures that the mounting plate 20 is located on one side of the connecting arm 10 in the height direction, but also reduces the space between the spring arm 100 and the upper end surface of the air spring.
  • the Z direction and the Y direction in this embodiment are the directions indicated by the coordinate axes in FIG. 2 .
  • a vertical rib 30 is further provided on one side of each connecting arm 10 , and the vertical rib 30 starts from the middle position of the mounting plate 20 toward the One end of the connecting arm 10 extends, and each vertical rib 30 is located at a side of the mounting plate 20 opposite to the corresponding connecting arm 10 .
  • one end of the vertical rib 30 is gradually closed inward from the middle of the mounting plate 20 to reach the connecting arm 10 .
  • the starting and ending positions of the vertical bars 30 are the positions indicated by “L” in FIGS. 3 and 5 .
  • the rib 30 extends substantially from the middle widest position of the mounting plate 20 to one end position of the connecting arm 10 .
  • Figure 5 is a schematic bottom view of a spring arm according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a schematic rear view of a spring arm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the straight line formed by the extending direction of the vertical rib 30 and the plane where the mounting plate 20 is located forms a second preset angle
  • the second preset angle is an obtuse angle.
  • the second preset angle is the angle ⁇ in FIG. 5
  • the second preset angle ⁇ may be 170-180°.
  • the obtuse angle between the vertical rib and the mounting plate improves the Z-direction stiffness of the spring arm 100, and solves the problem of stress concentration in the fatigue durability analysis, so that the spring arm 100 can meet the requirements of various working conditions and the fatigue life of the design cycle, Meanwhile, compared with other spring arms, the spring arm 100 of this embodiment occupies a small space and is light in weight.
  • the rib 30 and the connecting arm 10 form a whole, and the size of the rib increases from the middle of the mounting plate 20 to one end in the vertical direction.
  • the height of the Z direction gradually increases, but the slope becomes more and more gentle.
  • the vertical rib 30 is arranged at the spring arm 100 , which not only reduces the structure of the upper end face space of the spring arm, but also increases the Z-direction stiffness and Y-direction buckling strength of the spring arm 100 .
  • the spring arm 100 of the present embodiment satisfies the Z-direction stiffness and Y-direction buckling of the entire spring arm with the smallest space arrangement and the lightest mass.
  • Figures 7-11 are related views of the connection between the spring arm and the air spring.
  • the mounting plate 20 of this embodiment may include a mounting surface 21 in the middle, where the mounting surface 21 is used for mounting the air spring 200 .
  • the mounting surface 21 may include a central through hole 211 and an outer continuous outer edge 212 (as shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the through hole 211 is used for clamping with the air spring 200 to fix the air spring 200 .
  • the through hole 211 is provided with a snap-on boss 215 , and the air spring 200 is snapped on the snap-on boss 215 by the snap 201 .
  • the outer edge 212 of the mounting surface 21 includes two oppositely arranged first arcs 213 located inside the mounting plate 20 and two oppositely arranged second arcs 214 tangent to the connecting arm 10 .
  • the outer edge of the end of the air spring 200 in contact with the installation surface 21 fits with the first arc 213.
  • the center of the circle in which each first arc 213 is located is located inside the mounting surface 21 , and the first arc 213 on the left side (ie, the side close to the vertical rib 30 ) is at both ends of the two vertical ribs 30 . cut.
  • each second arc 214 is located outside the mounting surface 21 , and one of the second arcs 214 is tangent to one of the corresponding connecting arms 10 at one end, and the other second arc 214 It is tangent to the other corresponding connecting arm 10 at one end.
  • the outer edge 212 of the installation surface 21 is formed into an irregular circle, which not only ensures that the air spring 200 can be smoothly installed at the installation surface 21, ensures the strength of the installation surface 21, but also reduces the layout area and the space, and the weight reduction of the spring arm 100 is realized.
  • the center of the second arc 214 is outside the mounting plate 20 , the mounting contact area of the air spring 200 is reduced, and the stress points are mainly concentrated on both sides of the mounting surface 21 of the air spring 200 and the spring arm 100 .
  • the first arc 213 is tangent to the vertical rib 30, and the second arc 214 is tangent to the connecting arm 10, which greatly improves the strength of the mounting surface 21 in the Z direction, so as to meet the requirements of the connection between the air spring 200 and the spring arm 100. stress requirements.
  • a first reinforcing rib 22 (as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 ) located on one surface of the mounting plate 20 is provided between the two connecting arms 10 , and the first reinforcing rib 22 is connected to the The vertical ribs 30 are located on the same side of the mounting plate 20 , and the first reinforcing ribs 22 and the two vertical ribs 30 bridge each other.
  • the first reinforcing rib 22 is perpendicular to a straight line extending from each vertical rib 20 , and two ends of the first reinforcing rib 22 are respectively in contact with the side surface of one of the vertical ribs 20 .
  • the first reinforcing rib 22 and the two vertical ribs 30 are in partial contact, and the height of the first reinforcing rib 22 in the Z direction is lower than the height of the two vertical ribs 30 in the Z direction.
  • the first reinforcing rib 22 and the two vertical ribs 30 are used to bridge each other, so that the entire structure occupies the smallest space and increases the Z-direction stiffness of the spring arm 100. Compared with the traditional "bowl"-shaped structure, it can be About 20% lighter while achieving the same Z stiffness.
  • a second reinforcing rib 23 (as shown in FIGS. 1 , 6 and 8 ) is further provided on the other side surface of the mounting plate 20 opposite to the first reinforcing rib 22 .
  • the number of the second reinforcing ribs 23 is two, which are respectively located on opposite sides of the through hole 211 , and each of the second reinforcing ribs 23 is bridged with the two connecting arms 10 .
  • the second reinforcing rib 23 and the first reinforcing rib 22 are parallel to each other, and two ends of each second reinforcing rib 23 are in contact with the side surfaces of the two connecting arms 10 respectively.
  • the height (Z direction) of the second reinforcing rib 23 is lower than the height of the connecting arm 10 .
  • the second reinforcing rib 23 improves the buckling strength of the spring arm 100 in the Y direction and increases the stiffness of the spring arm 100 in the Z direction.
  • a grid structure 24 (as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 8 ) is further provided on one side surface of the mounting plate 20 .
  • the area and shape of the grid structure 24 can be freely designed as required.
  • the grid structure 24 is designed on the same side surface of the mounting plate 20 where the second reinforcing rib 23 is located, and is located outside the second reinforcing rib 23 .
  • the grid structure 24 is mainly to improve the surface quality of the casting in the casting process.
  • each connecting arm 10 is provided with at least one mounting hole (as shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 and 5 ) passing through the mounting arm at positions close to both ends, and the central axis of the mounting hole is the same as the mounting hole.
  • the planes on which the plates 20 lie are parallel to each other.
  • the mounting holes on each connecting arm 10 include a sub-frame mounting hole 11 , a shock absorber mounting hole 12 and a steering knuckle mounting hole 13 .
  • the sub-frame mounting hole 11 is provided on the left side of the connecting arm 10 , and is located near the left end surface, and is used when the spring arm 100 is mounted on the sub-frame.
  • the steering knuckle mounting hole 13 is provided on the right side of the connecting arm 10 , near the right end of the connecting arm 10 , and the steering knuckle mounting hole 13 is used for connecting the spring arm 100 with the steering knuckle.
  • the shock absorber mounting hole 12 is provided on the left side of the steering knuckle mounting hole 13 , still at the right side of the connecting arm 10 . The shock absorber mounting hole 12 is used when the shock absorber and the spring arm 100 are connected.
  • each connecting arm 10 is provided with a plurality of bosses whose axes are parallel to the plane where the connecting arm 10 is located (as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 8 ), wherein the bosses include reinforcing bosses 14, Identification boss 15 or positioning boss.
  • the function of the reinforcing boss 14 in this embodiment is to optimize the casting and demolding process of the spring arm 100 and at the same time increase the strength of the connecting arm 10, especially the strength in the Z direction.
  • the identification boss 15 is designed to realize the generalization of the product platform of the spring arm 100 . Since the connecting arm 10 in this embodiment is a mirror image structure, the identification boss 15 in this embodiment is used to distinguish the final setting position of the casting connecting arm 10 . The connecting arm 10 with the same identification boss is disposed on the same side, and the connecting arm 10 with another identical identification boss is disposed on the other side. Of course, in the actual production process, in the later machining of the product, only the identification boss on one side of the connecting arm 10 can be reserved to realize the distinction of the mirrored parts.
  • the marking boss 15 in this embodiment not only has the function of marking, but also has the function of strengthening the connecting arm 10 .
  • the positioning bosses include a first positioning boss 161 provided at the connecting arm 10 and a second positioning boss 162 set at the mounting plate 20.
  • each connecting arm 10 is provided with a first positioning boss 161
  • the mounting plate 20 is provided with a second positioning boss 162.
  • Two first positioning bosses 161 and one second positioning boss 162 form a triangle In order to improve the stability of the spring arm 100 .
  • the positioning bosses are used to perform main positioning and auxiliary positioning for the spring arm 100 during machining, but the triangular arrangement makes the spring arm 100 more stable during machining.
  • an embodiment of the present invention also provides a vehicle.
  • the vehicle may include the spring arm 100 above.
  • the vehicle can be designed to be lighter because the spring arm 100 occupies less space and is lighter in weight.
  • the connecting arms 10 of the spring arms 100 of the vehicle are disposed opposite to each other, and the mounting plate 20 is disposed on one side of the two connecting arms 10 to reduce the spatial arrangement of the spring arms 100 and the upper end surface of the air spring.
  • the connecting arm 10 and the mounting plate 20 in the spring arm 100 of the vehicle of the present application are aluminum alloy casting and machining structures, which are compact in structure and occupy a small space, which can satisfy the lightweight of materials and realize the ultimate lightweight structure by utilizing structural features.
  • the space utilization rate is improved, and the performance requirements such as stiffness, strength and buckling in the development process of the spring arm 100 are met, so that the vehicle can be lightweight and at the same time meet the performance of high stiffness and high strength of the vehicle.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

一种弹簧臂(100)及车辆，弹簧臂(100)可以包括两个连接臂(10)和安装板(20)。其中，两个连接臂(10)为镜像结构，且相对设置。安装板(20)连接在两个连接臂(10)的一侧，与两个连接臂(10)形成"H"型；安装板(20)的中部位置向外凸出于每一连接臂(10)，且由中部位置向两端处慢慢收缩至连接臂(10)处。该弹簧臂(100)的占用空间小，结构简单，质量轻便，并且连接臂(10)相对设置，且安装板(20)设置在两个连接臂(10)的一侧，减少弹簧臂上端面的空间布置。

Description

一种弹簧臂及车辆 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆技术领域，特别是涉及一种弹簧臂及车辆。
背景技术
汽车市场竞争激烈，目前很多用户已经不仅仅满足于汽车的外观形貌，更多的注重汽车的性能，高操稳性的悬架越来越成为发展趋势。为了提高车辆悬架的操稳性能，后悬架常常采用五连杆结构，但五连杆结构对空间布置的要求较高，且弹簧臂作为五连杆之一，弹簧臂的Z向要承载安装空气弹簧、减振器的力。此外，弹簧臂还通过螺栓链接副车架及转向节，其Y向还需要承载车轮到副车架端的力的传递。因此，弹簧臂既要体积小、重量轻、又要保证Y向刚度、Z向刚度和Y向屈曲。
传统汽车企业的五连杆结构的弹簧臂的Z向主要通过螺簧承载力，但螺簧的截面积较小，为满足刚度和强度要求，弹簧臂结构设计多为“碗”状。而“碗”状结构占用空间较大，铸造工艺复杂，且只能通过更换材料来满足轻量化的要求。此外，由高强钢切换铝材料实现产品的减重，也不能完全达到产品的极致轻量化。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，提出了本发明以便提供一种克服上述问题或者至少部分地解决上述问题的弹簧臂和车辆。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种体积小、结构紧凑、质量轻的弹簧臂。
本发明的一个进一步的目的在于解决现有技术中的弹簧臂的质量重，强度和刚度不高的问题。
本发明的一个进一步的目的在于解决现有的弹簧臂中空间、重力、强度、刚度和耐久无法兼具的问题。
特别地，根据本发明实施例的一方面提供一种弹簧臂，包括：
两个连接臂，两个所述连接臂为镜像结构，且相对设置；和
安装板，连接在两个所述连接臂的一侧，与两个所述连接臂形成“H”型；所述安装板的中部位置向外凸出于每一所述连接臂，且由中部位置向 两端处慢慢收缩至所述连接臂处。
可选地，每一所述连接臂的板面所在平面与所述安装板的板面所在平面呈第一预设角度，每一所述连接臂在所述安装板位置处的高度大于两端位置处的高度，其中，所述第一预设角度基本上等于90°。
可选地，每一所述连接臂的一侧处还设置有一条立筋，各所述立筋由所述安装板的中部位置开始向所述立筋所在的所述连接臂的一端延伸，两个所述立筋相对设置，且与所述安装板位于所述连接臂的同一侧；
所述立筋延伸的方向所形成的直线与所述安装板所在平面之间形成第二预设角度，所述第二预设角度为钝角。
可选地，所述安装板包括位于中部的安装面，用于安装空气弹簧，所述安装面包括位于中部的通孔和位于外部的连续的外缘，所述外缘的一部分与所述连接臂相切、一部分与所述立筋相切；
其中，所述通孔用于与所述空气弹簧相互卡接固定所述空气弹簧；
所述安装面的外缘包括相对设置的位于所述安装板内部的彼此相对设置的两段第一圆弧和彼此相对设置的与所述连接臂相切的两段第二圆弧。
可选地，每一所述第一圆弧所在的圆的圆心位于所述安装面的内部，且其中靠近所述立筋的所述第一圆弧在其两个端部处分别与所述立筋相切；
每一所述第二圆弧所在的圆的圆心位于所述安装面的外面，且每一所述第二圆弧在其一个端部处与对应的所述连接臂相切。
可选地，在两个所述连接臂之间设置有第一加强筋，所述第一加强筋与所述立筋位于所述安装板的同一侧，且所述加强筋和两个所述立筋相互桥接。
可选地，所述第一加强筋与每一所述连接臂延伸的直线均垂直，且所述第一加强筋的两个端部分别与其中一个所述立筋的侧面接触。
可选地，在所述安装板的与所述第一加强筋相反的一侧表面上还设置有第二加强筋，所述第二加强筋位于所述通孔的相对两侧，每一所述第二加强筋均与两个所述连接臂相互桥接。
可选地，所述第二加强筋与所述第一加强筋相互平行且每一所述第二 加强筋的两个端部分别与两个所述连接臂的侧面接触。
可选地，在所述安装板的一侧表面上还设置有格栅结构。
可选地，每一所述连接臂在靠近两个端部的位置处均设置有至少一个贯穿所述安装臂的安装孔，所述安装孔的中轴线与所述安装板所在平面相互平行。
可选地，每一所述连接臂上的所述安装孔均包括副车架安装孔、减震器安装孔和转向节安装孔。
可选地，每一所述连接臂处设置有多个轴线与所述连接臂所在的平面平行的凸台，其中，所述凸台包括加强凸台、标识凸台或定位凸台。
可选地，所述定位凸台包括设置在各所述连接臂处的第一定位凸台和设置在所述安装板处的第二定位凸台，两个所述第一定位凸台和所述第二定位凸台形成三角形以提高所述弹簧臂的稳定性。特别地，本发明的另一种实施例提供了一种车辆，该车辆包括上面所述的弹簧臂。
本发明的弹簧臂由两个连接臂和安装板组成H型结构，安装板用于安装空气弹簧，连接臂则与车辆的其它部件如转向节、减振器和副车架等连接，相比现有的“碗”状结构，使得本弹簧臂的占用空间更小，质量更轻便。此外，本发明中的连接臂相对设置，且安装板设置在两个连接臂的一侧，减少了弹簧臂上端面的空间布置。此外，本发明中的弹簧臂沿着连接臂的延伸方向为力的传递路径，本弹簧臂结构可有效增加该力的传递路径方向上的刚度。
此外，本发明的连接臂与安装板是铝合金正式铸造和机械加工结构，结构紧凑，占用空间小，满足材料轻量化的同时利用结构特征实现结构极致轻量化，提高空间利用率，且该弹簧臂满足开发过程中的刚度、强度、屈曲等性能要求。
由于本发明的弹簧臂上的连接臂在安装板位置处的高度大于两端位置处的高度，既保证了安装板位于连接臂的高度方向上的一侧，又减少弹簧臂与空气弹簧上端面的空间布置，同时有效提升弹簧臂的Z向的刚度。
本发明的弹簧臂处设置立筋，立筋的结构增加了弹簧臂的Z向刚度及Y向屈曲强度，且减少弹簧臂上端面空间结构，使其利用最小的空间布置满足Z向刚度及Y向屈曲。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技 术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本发明的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本发明的具体实施方式。
根据下文结合附图对本发明具体实施例的详细描述，本领域技术人员将会更加明了本发明的上述以及其他目的、优点和特征。
附图说明
后文将参照附图以示例性而非限制性的方式详细描述本发明的一些具体实施例。附图中相同的附图标记标示了相同或类似的部件或部分。本领域技术人员应该理解，这些附图未必是按比例绘制的。附图中：
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的弹簧臂的示意性立体图；
图2是根据本发明一个实施例的弹簧臂的另一个角度的示意性立体图；
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的弹簧臂的示意性主视图；
图4是图3沿剖切线A-A进行剖切后的剖视图；
图5是根据本发明一个实施例的弹簧臂的示意性仰视图；
图6是根据本发明一个实施例的弹簧臂的示意性后视图；
图7是根据本发明一个实施例的弹簧臂与空气弹簧连接后的示意性立体图；
图8是根据本发明一个实施例的弹簧臂与空气弹簧连接后的示意性后视图；
图9是图8沿着剖切线B-B进行剖切后的剖视图；
图10是图8沿着剖切线C-C进行剖切后的剖视图；
图11是图10中D部分的局部放大图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施例，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反，提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
作为本发明的一个具体地实施例，图1是根据本发明一个具体地实施例的弹簧臂的示意性立体图。是根据本发明一个实施例的弹簧臂的另一个角度的示意性立体图。
如图1-2所示，本实施例提供一种弹簧臂100，具体该弹簧臂100可以包括两个连接臂10和安装板20。其中，两个连接臂10为镜像结构，且相对设置。安装板20连接在两个连接臂10的一侧，与两个连接臂10形成“H”型。安装板20的中部位置向外凸出于每一连接臂10，且由中部位置向两端处慢慢收缩至连接臂10处。本实施例中“中部位置”指的是连接臂10的非端部位置，并非是指连接臂的中心位置。本实施例中凸出于连接臂10的部分位于靠近连接臂10的中心位置处，可以在中心位置处，也可以稍微偏离中心位置。
本实施例中的弹簧臂100由两个连接臂10和安装板20组成H型结构，安装板20用于安装空气弹簧，连接臂10则与车辆的其它部件如转向节、减振器和副车架等连接，相比现有的“碗”状结构，本弹簧臂100的占用空间更小，且更轻便。此外，本实施例中的连接臂10相对设置，且安装板20设置在两个连接臂10的一侧，减少了弹簧臂100上端面的空间布置。此外，本实施例中的弹簧臂100沿着连接臂10的延伸方向为力的传递路径，本实施例的弹簧臂可有效增加该力的传递路径方向上的刚度。
此外，本申请的连接臂10与安装板20是铝合金正式铸造和机械加工结构，结构紧凑，占用空间小，满足材料轻量化的同时利用结构特征实现结构极致轻量化，提高空间利用率，且该弹簧臂100满足开发过程中的刚度、强度、屈曲等性能要求。
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的弹簧臂的示意性主视图；图4是图3沿剖切线A-A进行剖切后的剖视图。
作为本发明一个具体地实施例，本实施例每一连接臂10的板面所在平面与安装板20的板面所在平面呈第一预设角度，其中，第一预设角度基本上等于90°。具体地，该第一预设角度为图4中的角度α。在优选的实施例中，第一预设角度α为90°。在其它实施例中，第一预设角度α可以在90°±10°范围内。
此外，每一连接臂10在安装板20位置处的高度大于两端位置处的高度。将连接臂10的侧面在连接板的位置处的高度大于两端处的高度既保证了安装板20位于连接臂10的高度方向上的一侧，又减少弹簧臂100与空气弹簧上端面的空间布置，同时有效提升弹簧臂100的Z向的刚度。其中，本实施例中的Z向及Y向如图2中的坐标轴所标识的方向。
作为本发明一个具体的实施例，如图1-3所示，本实施例在每一连接臂10的一侧处还设置有一条立筋30，立筋30由安装板20的中部位置开始向连接臂10的一端延伸，且每一立筋30位于安装板20的与对应地连接臂10相反的一侧面处。本实施例的立筋30的一端处由安装板20的中间逐渐向内收口到达连接臂10处。具体，立筋30的起止位置如图3和图5中“L”所指的位置。具体立筋30基本上从安装板20的中间最宽的位置处延伸至连接臂10的一个端部位置处。
图5是根据本发明一个实施例的弹簧臂的示意性仰视图；图6是根据本发明一个实施例的弹簧臂的示意性后视图。具体地，立筋30延伸的方向所形成的直线与安装板20所在平面之间形成第二预设角度，第二预设角度为钝角。具体地，第二预设角度为图5中的角度β，该第二预设角度β可以为170-180°。将立筋与安装板之间形成钝角的形状提升了弹簧臂100的Z向刚度，并且解决了疲劳耐久分析时应力集中的问题，使弹簧臂100满足各工况要求及设计周期的疲劳寿命，同时相比其他弹簧臂，本实施例的弹簧臂100的占用空间小，质量轻。
具体地，从弹簧臂100的仰视图可以看出，立筋30与连接臂10形成一个整体，且立筋在竖直方向上从安装板20的中间向一端处的尺寸越来越大，在Z向的高度逐渐增高，但是斜度越来越平缓。
本实施例中在弹簧臂100处设置立筋30，该立筋30不仅减少了弹簧臂上端面空间的结构，而且增加了弹簧臂100的Z向刚度及Y向屈曲强度。换句话说，本实施例的弹簧臂100利用最小的空间布置和最轻的质量满足整个弹簧臂的Z向刚度及Y向屈曲。
如图7-图11为弹簧臂与空气弹簧连接的相关视图。如图7-11所示，作为一个具体地实施例，本实施例的安装板20可以包括位于中部的安装面21，该安装面21用于安装空气弹簧200。安装面21可以包括位于中部的通孔211和位于外部的连续的外缘212(如图2所示)，外缘212一部分与连接臂10相切、一部分与立筋30相切。其中，通孔211用于与空气弹簧200相互卡接以固定空气弹簧200。具体地，通孔211处设置卡接凸台215，空气弹簧200则利用卡扣201卡接在卡接凸台215处。具体如图9所示。
具体地，安装面21的外缘212包括位于安装板20内部的相对设置的两段第一圆弧213和相对设置的与连接臂10相切的两段第二圆弧214。空气弹簧200在安装于安装面21处时，空气弹簧200在与安装面21接触的端部的 外缘(即图7中空气弹簧的底面外缘)与第一圆弧213相适配。每一第一圆弧213所在的圆的圆心位于安装面21的内部，且左侧(即靠近立筋30那一侧)的第一圆弧213在两端处与两个立筋30均相切。每一第二圆弧214所在的圆的圆心位于安装面21的外面，且其中一个第二圆弧214在一个端部处与其中一个对应的连接臂10相切，另一个第二圆弧214在一个端部处与另一个对应的连接臂10相切。
本实施例中通过将安装面21的外缘212形成不规则的圆形，既保证了空气弹簧200能够顺利的安装在安装面21处，保证安装面21的强度，又减小了布置面积和空间，实现弹簧臂100的轻量化。
此外，本实施例中由于第二圆弧214的圆心在安装板20外部，使得空气弹簧200的安装接触面积减小，受力点主要集中在空气弹簧200与弹簧臂100安装面21的两侧。而第一圆弧213和立筋30相切、第二圆弧214和连接臂10相切，大大的提高了安装面21在Z向的强度，从而满足空气弹簧200与弹簧臂100连接后的应力要求。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在两个连接臂10之间设置有位于安装板20的一表面上的第一加强筋22(如图2和图3所示)，第一加强筋22与立筋30位于安装板20的同一侧，且第一加强筋22和两个立筋30相互桥接。
优选地，第一加强筋22与每一立筋20延伸的直线均垂直，且第一加强筋22的两个端部分别与其中一个立筋20的侧面接触。本实施例中第一加强筋22和两个立筋30为部分接触，第一加强筋22在Z向的高度低于两个立筋30在Z向的高度。当安装板20处设置空气弹簧200并有Z向的力施加在安装板20处时，两个立筋20加上第一加强筋22可以增加整个弹簧臂100的Z向刚度。
本实施例中，采用第一加强筋22和两条立筋30相互桥接，使得整个结构在占用最小的空间布置同时增加了弹簧臂100的Z向刚度，相比传统“碗”状结构，可以达到同样的Z向刚度的同时，重量减轻约20％。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，在安装板20的与第一加强筋22相反的另一侧表面上还设置有第二加强筋23(如图1、6和8所示)。第二加强筋23的数量为2个，分别位于通孔211的相对的两侧，每一第二加强筋23均与两个连接臂10相互桥接。
作为优选的实施例，第二加强筋23与第一加强筋22相互平行且每一第二加强筋23的两个端部分别与两个连接臂10的侧面接触。
具体地，第二加强筋23的高度(Z向)要低于连接臂10的高度。本实施例中第二加强筋23提高了弹簧臂100的Y向的屈曲强度并且增加弹簧臂100的Z向刚度。
在一个实施例中，在安装板20的一侧表面上还设置有格栅结构24(如图6和图8所示)。该格栅结构24的面积和形状可以根据需要自由设计。本实施例将格栅结构24设计在第二加强筋23所在的安装板20的同一侧表面上，且位于第二加强筋23的外侧。该格栅结构24主要为提升铸造工艺中铸件表面质量。
在一个实施例中，每一连接臂10在靠近两个端部的位置处均设置有至少一个贯穿安装臂的安装孔(如图1、2、5所示)，安装孔的中轴线与安装板20所在平面相互平行。
作为一个具体的实施例，每一连接臂10上的安装孔均包括副车架安装孔11、减震器安装孔12和转向节安装孔13。
具体地，以图1的方向为基准，则副车架安装孔11设置在连接臂10的左侧，并位于靠近左侧端面位置处，用于将弹簧臂100与副车架安装时使用。转向节安装孔13设置在连接臂10的右侧，位于靠近连接臂10的右侧端部位置处，该转向节安装孔13用于将弹簧臂100与转向节连接时使用。减震器安装孔12设置在转向节安装孔13的左侧，仍然位于连接臂10的右侧处。该减震器安装孔12用于将减震器和弹簧臂100连接时使用。
作为一个具体的实施例，每一连接臂10处设置有多个轴线与连接臂10所在的平面平行的凸台(如图6和图8所示)，其中，凸台包括加强凸台14、标识凸台15或定位凸台。
具体地，本实施例中加强凸台14的作用是优化弹簧臂100铸造脱模工艺的同时，也增加了连接臂10的强度，尤其是Z向强度。标识凸台15则是为实现弹簧臂100的产品平台通用化而设计的。由于本实施例中的连接臂10为镜像结构，因此采用本实施例中的标识凸台15来区别铸造出来的连接臂10最终设置的位置。带有同一标识凸台的连接臂10设置在同一边，带有另一相同的标识凸台的连接臂10设置在另一边。当然，在实际生产的过程中，可以在产品后期机械加工时，通过只保留连接臂10一侧的标识凸台，来实现镜像件的区分。此外，本实施例中的标识凸台15不仅有标识作用，对连接臂10也起到加强的作用。
作为一个具体的实施例，定位凸台包括设置在连接臂10处的第一定位 凸台161和设置在安装板20处的第二定位凸台162。其中，每一连接臂10处设置有一个第一定位凸台161，安装板20处设置有一个第二定位凸台162，两个第一定位凸台161和一个第二定位凸台162形成三角形以提高弹簧臂100的稳定性。具体地，定位凸台用于为弹簧臂100在机械加工时进行主定位和辅助定位，但三角形的布置格局使得弹簧臂100在机械加工时夹持更稳定。
基于同一技术构思，本发明实施例还提供一种车辆。该车辆可以包括上面的弹簧臂100。具有该弹簧臂100的车辆相比现有的“碗”状弹簧臂结构的车辆，本车辆由于弹簧臂100的占用空间小、质量轻，使得车辆也能够设计的更轻便。此外，本实施例中车辆的弹簧臂100的连接臂10相对设置，且安装板20设置在两个连接臂10的一侧，减少弹簧臂100与空气弹簧上端面的空间布置。
此外，本申请的车辆的弹簧臂100中的连接臂10与安装板20是铝合金铸造和机械加工结构，结构紧凑，占用空间小，满足材料轻量化的同时利用结构特征实现结构极致轻量化，提高空间利用率，且满足弹簧臂100开发过程中的刚度、强度、屈曲等性能要求，使车辆轻量化的同时满足车辆的刚度大和强度高的性能。
至此，本领域技术人员应认识到，虽然本文已详尽示出和描述了本发明的示例性实施例，但是，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下，仍可根据本发明公开的内容直接确定或推导出符合本发明原理的许多其他变型或修改。因此，本发明的范围应被理解和认定为覆盖了所有这些其他变型或修改。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种弹簧臂，包括：
    两个连接臂，两个所述连接臂为镜像结构，且相对设置；和
    安装板，连接在两个所述连接臂的一侧，与两个所述连接臂形成“H”型；所述安装板的中部位置向外凸出于每一所述连接臂，且由中部位置向两端处慢慢收缩至所述连接臂处。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    每一所述连接臂的板面所在平面与所述安装板的板面所在平面呈第一预设角度，每一所述连接臂在所述安装板位置处的高度大于两端位置处的高度，其中，所述第一预设角度基本上等于90°。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    每一所述连接臂的一侧处还设置有一条立筋，各所述立筋由所述安装板的中部位置开始向所述立筋所在的所述连接臂的一端延伸，两个所述立筋相对设置，且与所述安装板位于所述连接臂的同一侧；
    所述立筋延伸的方向所形成的直线与所述安装板所在平面之间形成第二预设角度，所述第二预设角度为钝角。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    所述安装板包括位于中部的安装面，用于安装空气弹簧，所述安装面包括位于中部的通孔和位于外部的连续的外缘，所述外缘的一部分与所述连接臂相切、一部分与所述立筋相切；
    其中，所述通孔用于与所述空气弹簧相互卡接固定所述空气弹簧；
    所述安装面的外缘包括相对设置的位于所述安装板内部的彼此相对设置的两段第一圆弧和彼此相对设置的与所述连接臂相切的两段第二圆弧。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    每一所述第一圆弧所在的圆的圆心位于所述安装面的内部，且其中靠近所述立筋的所述第一圆弧在其两个端部处分别与所述立筋相切；
    每一所述第二圆弧所在的圆的圆心位于所述安装面的外面，且每一所述第二圆弧在其一个端部处与对应的所述连接臂相切。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    在两个所述连接臂之间设置有第一加强筋，所述第一加强筋与所述立筋位于所述安装板的同一侧，且所述加强筋和两个所述立筋相互桥接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    所述第一加强筋与每一所述连接臂延伸的直线均垂直，且所述第一加强筋的两个端部分别与其中一个所述立筋的侧面接触。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    在所述安装板的与所述第一加强筋相反的一侧表面上还设置有第二加强筋，所述第二加强筋位于所述通孔的相对两侧，每一所述第二加强筋均与两个所述连接臂相互桥接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    所述第二加强筋与所述第一加强筋相互平行且每一所述第二加强筋的两个端部分别与两个所述连接臂的侧面接触。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    在所述安装板的一侧表面上还设置有格栅结构。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    每一所述连接臂在靠近两个端部的位置处均设置有至少一个贯穿所述安装臂的安装孔，所述安装孔的中轴线与所述安装板所在平面相互平行。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    每一所述连接臂上的所述安装孔均包括副车架安装孔、减震器安装孔和转向节安装孔。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    每一所述连接臂处设置有多个轴线与所述连接臂所在的平面平行的凸台，其中，所述凸台包括加强凸台、标识凸台或定位凸台。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的弹簧臂，其中，
    所述定位凸台包括设置在各所述连接臂处的第一定位凸台和设置在所述安装板处的第二定位凸台，两个所述第一定位凸台和所述第二定位凸台形成三角形以提高所述弹簧臂的稳定性。
  15. 一种车辆，包括权利要求1-14中任一项所述的弹簧臂。
PCT/CN2020/135757 2020-12-11 2020-12-11 一种弹簧臂及车辆 WO2022120802A1 (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1657331A (zh) * 2004-02-19 2005-08-24 马自达汽车株式会社 悬架装置
DE102008059916B3 (de) * 2008-12-02 2010-04-15 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Federlenker mit einem Schließblech
KR100987943B1 (ko) * 2009-12-08 2010-10-29 쌍용자동차 주식회사 차량 경량화를 위한 ｉ 빔 형상의 스프링 링크
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