WO2022025276A1 - 神経障害の治療剤 - Google Patents
神経障害の治療剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022025276A1 WO2022025276A1 PCT/JP2021/028420 JP2021028420W WO2022025276A1 WO 2022025276 A1 WO2022025276 A1 WO 2022025276A1 JP 2021028420 W JP2021028420 W JP 2021028420W WO 2022025276 A1 WO2022025276 A1 WO 2022025276A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stimulation
- nerve
- stimulus
- mesenchymal stem
- stem cells
- Prior art date
Links
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 210000002901 mesenchymal stem cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims description 160
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 208000028389 Nerve injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008764 nerve damage Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 claims description 24
- 201000001119 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000007823 neuropathy Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003925 brain function Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001755 vocal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 29
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 26
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 20
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 210000000976 primary motor cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 206010008111 Cerebral haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 201000007201 aphasia Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000001152 parietal lobe Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 230000003238 somatosensory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 206010070246 Executive dysfunction Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002964 excitative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 210000000245 forearm Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011491 transcranial magnetic stimulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000002161 motor neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000902 placebo Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940068196 placebo Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 102100022464 5'-nucleotidase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 206010001497 Agitation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 102100024222 B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- -1 CD79α Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100037241 Endoglin Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 102100030595 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 102000006354 HLA-DR Antigens Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010058597 HLA-DR Antigens Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100031573 Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101000678236 Homo sapiens 5'-nucleotidase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101000980825 Homo sapiens B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101000881679 Homo sapiens Endoglin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101001082627 Homo sapiens HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101000777663 Homo sapiens Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101001098352 Homo sapiens OX-2 membrane glycoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101000738771 Homo sapiens Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101000800116 Homo sapiens Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100037589 OX-2 membrane glycoprotein Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 102100037422 Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 102100033523 Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003710 cerebral cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000000537 electroencephalography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004394 hip joint Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000004263 induced pluripotent stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000007433 nerve pathway Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036407 pain Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000392 somatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003009 spinothalamic tract Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003857 wrist joint Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 208000019505 Deglutition disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000020764 Sensation disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037007 arousal Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000030137 articulation disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000004227 basal ganglia Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000005978 brain dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003727 cerebral blood flow Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000026106 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000004720 cerebrum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008451 emotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001652 frontal lobe Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000002599 functional magnetic resonance imaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003447 ipsilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002582 magnetoencephalography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004899 motility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000337 motor cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002600 positron emission tomography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002243 primary neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000002804 pyramidal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001020 rhythmical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003900 secondary neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000011273 social behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000020431 spinal cord injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009747 swallowing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000225 synapse Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000001103 thalamus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000021542 voluntary musculoskeletal movement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010003591 Ataxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000003174 Brain Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101150114515 CTBS gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000938605 Crocodylia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000884271 Homo sapiens Signal transducer CD24 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000003618 Intervertebral Disc Displacement Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000016285 Movement disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003926 Myelitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000025966 Neurological disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000114 Pain Threshold Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010034010 Parkinsonism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100038081 Signal transducer CD24 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000735 allogeneic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009901 attention process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003050 axon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001185 bone marrow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002798 bone marrow cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000029028 brain injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000133 brain stem Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015114 central nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008118 cerebral infarction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001447 compensatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003074 dental pulp Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001671 embryonic stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010014599 encephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009207 exercise therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001508 eye Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004700 fetal blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037323 metabolic rate Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940028444 muse Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001087 myotubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004126 nerve fiber Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000118 neural pathway Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000010004 neural pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004770 neurodegeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015122 neurodegenerative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002232 neuromuscular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000862 numbness Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008557 oxygen metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008058 pain sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037040 pain threshold Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001936 parietal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005259 peripheral blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011886 peripheral blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000578 peripheral nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002826 placenta Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002265 sensory receptor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 102000027509 sensory receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091008691 sensory receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000001988 somatic stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004092 somatosensory cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003478 temporal lobe Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000542 thalamic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003954 umbilical cord Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001720 vestibular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009278 visceral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000857 visual cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/28—Bone marrow; Haematopoietic stem cells; Mesenchymal stem cells of any origin, e.g. adipose-derived stem cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N2/00—Magnetotherapy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N2/00—Magnetotherapy
- A61N2/002—Magnetotherapy in combination with another treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/3605—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
- A61N1/3606—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system adapted for a particular treatment
- A61N1/36103—Neuro-rehabilitation; Repair or reorganisation of neural tissue, e.g. after stroke
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a therapeutic agent for neuropathy.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose treatment of neurological diseases and the like using mesenchymal stem cells.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe that administration of mesenchymal stem cells in combination with rehabilitation can bring about an improvement in therapeutic effect.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a therapeutic agent containing mesenchymal stem cells, which is more effective in treating neuropathy.
- the present inventors use intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells in combination with stimulation of the patient's nerves, and the timing and stimulation of the stimulation.
- the present invention provides the following.
- the therapeutic agent is an intravenously administered preparation containing mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells, and is used in combination with stimulation of a patient's nerve. The stimulation is applied from before administration of the therapeutic agent to 6 hours after administration. Therapeutic agent.
- the therapeutic agent is an intravenously administered preparation containing mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells, and is used in combination with stimulation of a patient's nerve.
- the stimulus is preferentially given to one or more selected from the group consisting of a nerve injury site, a vicinity of the nerve injury site, and a site compensating for the function of the nerve injury site. Therapeutic agent.
- a mesenchymal stem cell-containing therapeutic agent that is more effective in treating neuropathy is provided.
- the therapeutic agent for neuropathy of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as "therapeutic agent of the present invention”) is an intravenously administered preparation containing mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells. , which is used in combination with the stimulation of a patient's nerve, and includes the following two aspects in its usage mode.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention may have one of the following two aspects, or may have both. (1) An embodiment in which stimulation is applied from before administration of the therapeutic agent to 6 hours after administration. (2) An embodiment in which the stimulus is preferentially given to one or more selected from the group consisting of the nerve injured part, the vicinity of the nerve injured part, and the part compensating for the function of the nerve injured part.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose that the therapeutic effect is enhanced by combining intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells with rehabilitation (whole body exercise). However, Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not disclose the timing relationship between intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells and rehabilitation. On the other hand, the present inventor has found that the therapeutic effect is particularly enhanced when the stimulation to the nerve of the patient is performed from before the administration of the mesenchymal stem cells to 6 hours after the administration.
- the present inventor found that the therapeutic effect of the combined use with intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells is that it stimulates the patient's nerves more than the combined use with systemic exercise (exercise using a tread mill or the like). It was found that the combined use was significantly higher.
- the present inventor particularly preferentially applies the stimulus applied to the nerve of the patient to one or more selected from the group consisting of the nerve injured part, the vicinity of the nerve injured part, and the part compensating for the function of the nerve injured part.
- the reason why the therapeutic effect of neuropathy is enhanced by the present invention is that a large number of mesenchymal stem cells and / or mesenchymal stem cells are adjusted by adjusting the timing of stimulation and / or the site of stimulation as described above. It is presumed that this is because the cells capable of differentiating easily migrate to the affected area (nerve injury part, etc.), and the effect of the cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells and / or mesenchymal stem cells is promoted.
- neuroopathy means an arbitrary disorder that impairs the nerve itself or its function, and the causative disease, the site of nerve damage, etc. are not particularly limited.
- the causative disease of neuropathy is not particularly limited, and any disease that causes neuropathy can be mentioned.
- these diseases include cerebrovascular disease, brain tumor, encephalitis, dementia, neurodegenerative disease, spinal cord injury, myelitis, herniated disk, and other central nervous system diseases and peripheral neuropathy.
- treatment of neuropathy refers to various symptoms associated with neuropathy (movement disorder, articulation disorder, dysphagia, higher brain dysfunction, dementia, aphasia, Parkinson's syndrome, ataxia, sensory disorder, pain, etc. It means that coldness, numbness, burning, etc.) are alleviated or completely cured.
- NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale
- mRS modified Rankinframe
- AIS ASIA Impairment Stroke
- Frankels FMA (Fugl Meyer Assessment)
- MMT manual muscle testing
- FMA Fugl Meyer Assessment
- standard aphasia test SLTA
- WAB WAB aphasia test
- token test MMSE (Mini-Mental) known standard, etc. It is evaluated based on the method and method.
- the "patient” means any organism that has developed a neuropathy.
- mammals such as humans, monkeys, cows, horses, pigs, dogs and cats, birds or reptiles, and any other pet animals.
- composition of the therapeutic agent of the present invention will be described in detail.
- the therapeutic agents of the present invention include mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention may contain both mesenchymal stem cells and cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells, or may contain either one.
- the ratio of the number of these cells is not particularly limited, and is appropriately adjusted according to the therapeutic effect to be obtained and the like. Will be done.
- the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a somatic stem cell derived from mesenchyme and having self-renewal ability and differentiation ability. ..
- the "cell capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells” means a cell capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells by normal division and proliferation. Such cells have both self-renewal ability and pluripotency to differentiate into various cells. Examples of cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells include IPS cells (Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells), ES cells (Embryonic Stem Cells) and the like.
- Mesenchymal stem cells and cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells are isolated from bone marrow, fat, dental pulp, blood (peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, etc.), placenta, umbilical cord, and other tissues in the body. May be good.
- the mesenchymal stem cells and the cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells may be derived from the cells (autologous cells) of the patient to be administered, or may be derived from cells other than the patient (allogeneic cells). It may be something to do.
- the mesenchymal stem cells include cells induced to differentiate from ES cells, cells induced to differentiate from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells, etc.), established cells, Muse cells (Multi-lineage differentialening Stressing Cell), and the like. You may.
- mesenchymal stem cells cells that maintain an undifferentiated state in which a differentiation marker (CD24 or the like) is negative are usually used.
- the mesenchymal stem cells may have various marker expressions satisfying any of the following. -At least one selected from CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD200 is positive. -At least one selected from CD19, CD34, CD45, CD74, CD79 ⁇ , and HLA-DR is negative.
- the mesenchymal stem cells are preferably positive for 2 or more of CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD200, and negative for 4 or more of CD19, CD34, CD45, CD74, CD79 ⁇ , and HLA-DR, more preferably. It is preferable that CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD200 are positive, and CD19, CD34, CD45, CD74, CD79 ⁇ , and HLA-DR are negative.
- mesenchymal stem cells examples include mesenchymal stem cells that have been reported to be applicable to the treatment of various diseases. For example, International Publication No. 2017/188457, International Publication No. 2009/002503, Special Table 2013. Examples thereof include mesenchymal stem cells described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 508013.
- the mesenchymal stem cells are not particularly limited, but any method known as a method for preparing mesenchymal stem cells can be adopted.
- Preferred preparation methods include the method described in Japanese Patent No. 4061487. This method includes a step of adding fresh bone marrow cells to a culture dish and adhering to the culture dish to proliferate, a step of re-growing a part of the obtained cells on the culture dish, and the like.
- the dose of mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells and the number of times of administration are the effects to be obtained and the situation (age, body weight) of the patient to be administered. , The degree of symptoms, etc.) can be adjusted as appropriate.
- the number of mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells to be administered is preferably 10,000 to 1 billion, 100,000 to 500 million, 1 million to 1 million per administration. The number may be adjusted to 250 million or 10 to 150 million.
- the concentration of the liquid agent is not particularly limited, but may be adjusted so that the cell concentration is 10,000 to 10 million cells / ml.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention can adjust the time required for each administration according to the number of doses of mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention may be administered over several minutes to several hours (for example, 5 minutes to 2 hours) at a time.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention is an intravenously administered preparation. Therefore, the therapeutic agent of the present invention includes mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells, as well as a medium (physiological buffer, sterile water, physiological saline, glucose solution, medium) or intravenously. Ingredients known to be blended in the pharmaceutical product (emulsifier, surfactant, stabilizer, etc.) may be blended as needed.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention is usually administered via injection or infusion.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention is used in combination with the stimulation of a patient's nerve, and the stimulation satisfies either or both of the following two requirements.
- Stimulation is applied from before administration of the therapeutic agent to 6 hours after administration.
- the stimulus is preferentially given to one or more selected from the group consisting of the nerve injured part, the vicinity of the nerve injured part, and the part compensating for the function of the nerve injured part.
- Intravenously administered mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells usually have high blood concentrations immediately after administration and are undetectable levels in the affected area (brain, etc.) 72 hours after administration. Will drop to.
- the administered mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells remain in or around the affected area (nerve damage site such as the brain), the blood flow to the affected area increases.
- the number of mesenchymal stem cells and / or cells capable of differentiating into mesenchymal stem cells can be transferred to the affected area according to the increase, and the therapeutic effect can be efficiently enhanced.
- the specific method is the above requirements 1 and 2.
- stimulation whole body exercise, local exercise, motor stimulation, sensory stimulation, electric stimulation described later
- Stimulation magnetic stimulus, verbal stimulus, and higher brain function stimulus, etc.
- the stimulation is given before the administration of the therapeutic agent means that the start time of the stimulation is before the start time of the administration of the therapeutic agent.
- stimulation is applied by 6 hours after administration of the therapeutic agent means that the time when the stimulation is started is before the time when 6 hours have passed from the time when the administration of the therapeutic agent is started. It means that there is.
- stimulation motor stimulation, sensory stimulation, electrical stimulation, magnetic stimulation, verbal stimulation described later
- an arbitrary timing preferably timing satisfying requirement 1.
- brain function stimulation etc.
- stimulation means a substance that causes a physiological change (at least one, preferably two or more, such as an electrical change, a change in blood flow, and a change in metabolic rate) to the site to which the stimulus is applied. do.
- the intensity of the stimulus given in the present invention can be appropriately adjusted according to the effect to be obtained and the situation (age, weight, degree of symptom, etc.) of the patient to be administered.
- "giving a stimulus to a patient's nerve” means that the stimulus giving a stimulus to the whole or a part of the patient's body causes an arbitrary reaction to the nerve.
- the mode in which stimulation is applied to any tissue or the like adjacent to the nerve is not excluded. Stimulation may be given to the patient at only one place in the nerve, or at a plurality of places.
- the stimulus of the present invention may be imparted at any one or more of the time points before, during, and after the administration of the therapeutic agent of the present invention.
- the type of stimulus given to the patient is not particularly limited as long as it can realize the stimulus to the nerve.
- the stimulus is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of motor stimulus, sensory stimulus, electrical stimulus, magnetic stimulus, verbal stimulus, and higher brain function stimulus. ..
- One or more of these stimuli may be applied simultaneously by one stimulus applying means.
- motor stimulus, sensory stimulus (somatosensory stimulus), and electrical stimulus can be simultaneously applied to a patient.
- a robot assisted training device for example, "Robot Suit HAL" (trademark)
- Robot Suit HAL for example, "Robot Suit HAL" (trademark)
- motor stimulation and sensory stimulation can be simultaneously applied to the patient.
- the "exercise stimulus” means an exercise stimulus targeting the affected area.
- the exercise stimulus for the affected area the exercise stimulus accompanied by whole body exercise (exercise using a treadmill or the like) is not excluded.
- a mode in which a neuromuscular facilitation method (PNF method, Brunnstrom method, Bobath method, etc.) is used in combination, Kawahira method (repeated facilitation therapy), A mode of intensive repetitive exercise stimulus such as Arm Basis training, a mode of forcibly performing exercise stimulus such as non-paralyzed side restraint exercise therapy (CI therapy: Constrain-Induced Movement Therapy), and a mode in which exercise stimulus is applied only by exercise stimulus.
- CI therapy Constrain-Induced Movement Therapy
- An embodiment in which sensory stimulation, electrical stimulation, and magnetic stimulation are used in combination can be mentioned.
- robot assisted training device for example, "Robot Suit HAL" (trademark)
- repeated motor stimuli and sensory stimuli can be simultaneously applied to the patient.
- a combination of arbitrary exercise stimulus and swallowing training is preferable.
- a combination of arbitrary motor stimuli and articulation training is a preferred stimulus.
- Motor stimuli are stimuli to motor neural pathways.
- the motor neuron pathway is a pathway that transmits motor information from the upper motor neurons (starting from the primary motor cortex and brain stem of the cerebral cortex) to the lower motor neurons. This route includes the lateral corticospinal tract, the rubrospinal tract, the reticular spinal tract, the vestibular spinal tract, the optic spinal tract, the corticospinal tract, and the like.
- the motor nerve pathway synapses to the lower motor neuron, and its axon becomes a peripheral nerve and extends, and synapses to the extrapyramidal muscle fiber to contract the target muscle and cause movement.
- the primary motor area is regulated by the premotor area, supplementary motor area, zonal cortex motor area, thorax, primary somatosensory cortex, superior parietal lobule, etc., and the motor and sensory nerve pathways constantly regulate each other. Work while working.
- the "sensory stimulus” means a stimulus to any of the sensations (visual, auditory, tactile, etc.) related to neuropathy. From the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention can be easily exerted, somatosensory stimuli, auditory stimuli, and visual stimuli are preferable as the sensory stimuli in the present invention.
- somatosensory stimulation means a general term for skin sensation, deep sensation, and visceral sensation. Specific examples thereof include sensations (pain sensation, temperature (low temperature to high temperature) sensation, tactile pressure sensation, etc.) obtained from skin, mucous membranes, joints, muscles, tendons and the like.
- the means for applying somatosensory stimulation to the patient is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include tactile pressure, acupuncture and moxibustion, heat, weight, and vibration.
- Examples of the tactile pressure include rehabilitation (for example, massage performed while visually confirming the damaged part) for a part having a nerve disorder (hand, foot, etc.).
- Examples of acupuncture and moxibustion include methods using needles and moxibustion (burning moxa).
- Examples of heat include methods using moxibustion (burning moxa), hot packs, and water treatment.
- weight a method using a weight band for performing a light resistance movement used for rehabilitation can be mentioned.
- auditory stimulus means a stimulus given by sound.
- the sound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include voices of humans and the like, arbitrary music (certain rhythmic rhythm, etc.), and the like.
- the means for applying the auditory stimulus to the patient is not particularly limited, but may be a rhythm auditory stimulus (Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation, RAS) or the like.
- visual stimulus means a stimulus given by visual information.
- the visual information is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include arbitrary information (characters, pictures, videos, etc.) existing in the space.
- the means of applying visual stimuli to the patient is not particularly limited, but functional training (visual search task, visual scanning training, etc.), activities of daily living (eating, changing clothes, excretion, dressing, bathing, reading, painting, etc.), prism adaptation, etc. And so on.
- Sensory stimuli are usually stimuli to somatic sensations (sensations obtained from skin, mucous membranes, joints, muscles, tendons, etc.). Somatosensory is roughly divided into four modality (pain, temperature, tactile pressure, deep (unique) perception), and sensory receptors, nerve fibers, conduction pathways, etc. specialized for each reception are used. It has been. The sensory nerve pathway from somatosensory to the cerebral cortex has been clarified. For example, the following pathway is known.
- Deep sensation and fine tactile pressure sensation Passes through the posterior cord-medial lemniscus tract meridian (receptor ⁇ primary neuron (enters the spinal cord, ascends the ipsilateral posterior cord, and terminates in the ipsilateral posterior cord nucleus) ⁇ d Secondary neuron (crosses and ascends contralateral medial lemniscus, terminates in contralateral thalamic VPL) ⁇ tertiary neuron (contralateral cerebral cortex somatosensory area).
- Warm pain / coarse tactile pressure sensation Passes through the spinothalamic tract (receptor ⁇ primary neuron (enters the spinal cord and terminates at the posterior horn of the spinal cord) ⁇ secondary neuron (crosses and ascends the contralateral anterior cord, contralateral spinothalamic tract) Ascend to the contralateral spinothalamic tract VPL) ⁇ to the tertiary neuron (contralateral cerebral cortical somatic sensory area).
- electrical stimulation means a stimulation electrically applied using an electric current.
- an electrode is attached to the affected area, and a stimulus that excites a neural circuit with electricity (low frequency, medium frequency, high frequency, interference wave, etc.) can be mentioned.
- the means for applying electrical stimulation to the patient is not particularly limited, but a method using a voluntary movement-assisted electrical stimulator (IVES or the like) or a method conventionally known as current stimulation therapy (transcutaneous electrical nerve).
- EENS method functional electrical stimulation
- TES therapeutic electrical stimulation
- TES transcranial DC electrical stimulation
- DBS Deep Brain Stimulation
- Electrical stimulation usually involves attaching electrodes to paralyzed limbs and repeatedly exciting neural circuits by stimulating with low-frequency, medium-frequency, high-frequency, interference waves, or the like.
- By exciting the neural circuit by electrical stimulation it is possible to raise the pain threshold as explained by the gate control theory, or lower the motor threshold to make the paralyzed limb easier to move.
- the "magnetic stimulus” means a stimulus magnetically applied by using a static magnet or an electromagnet.
- the means for applying magnetic stimulation to the patient is not particularly limited, but a method conventionally known as magnetic stimulation (for example, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)), transcranial direct current stimulation (Transcranial) that stimulates with a weak current, is performed.
- Magnetic stimulation for example, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
- Transcranial transcranial direct current stimulation
- tDCS Direct Current Stimulation
- DBS deep brain stimulation
- electrodes are placed deep in the brain and continuous electrical stimulation is applied to the nervous system to control and treat its function
- TMS classical rTMS methods such as low-frequency rTMS (1 Hz or less) that acts on inhibitory properties and high-frequency rTMS (5 Hz or more) that acts on excitatory are typical, but from triple stimulation at 50 Hz.
- TBS theta burst stimulation
- iTBS intermittent TBS
- cTBS continuous TBS
- TBS has an inhibitory effect when it is continuously performed, and an excitatory effect when it is performed intermittently.
- TBS can be performed with a weaker stimulus intensity than low-frequency or high-frequency rTMS, and is characterized by a longer duration of action.
- the "language stimulus” means a stimulus given by communication through language.
- the means of giving a verbal stimulus to the patient is not particularly limited, but it is possible to encourage the patient to perform actions such as reading, writing, drawing, listening, speaking, reciting, and calculating.
- Language stimuli are usually language-related brain regions (Broca's area, Wernicke's area, left angular gyrus (Brodmann's 39 area), left supramarginal gyrus (Brodmann's 40 area), cerebral, thalamus, basal ganglia. Etc.).
- “higher brain function stimulation” is a general term for mental (psychological) functions including cognitive processes (perception, memory, learning, thinking, judgment, etc.) and emotions (emotions) of actions.
- “higher brain function stimulation” means memory training, attention training, executive function training, and social behavior training.
- the means for imparting higher brain function stimulation to the patient is not particularly limited, but encouraging the patient to perform memory training, attention training, executive function training, social behavior training, etc. can be mentioned.
- Higher brain function stimulus is usually awakening ⁇ suppression / activation ⁇ attention and concentration ⁇ information processing ⁇ memory ⁇ executive function / logical thinking from the lowest layer when the target of stimulus is frontal lobe function. It is a stimulus to any stage of the pyramidal hierarchy (“Comprehensive Rehabilitation May 2006 Issue (Igaku-Shoin)”).
- the "stimulus" in the present invention includes any stimulus that can bring about a physiological change in the patient.
- the stimulation may be whole body exercise or the like.
- Physiological changes that are indicators of stimulation include electrical changes, changes in blood flow, and changes in the amount of metabolism (metabolism such as oxygen).
- the stronger the applied stimulus the greater the amount of change in these physiological changes.
- the stronger the applied stimulus the greater the blood flow in the brain.
- Electrodes are identified, for example, by non-invasive electroencephalography (MEG), non-invasive electroencephalography methods such as electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG).
- MEG non-invasive electroencephalography
- EEG electroencephalography
- MEG magnetoencephalography
- Changes in blood flow are specified by non-invasive brain function measurement methods such as functional MRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) and SPECT (single photon emission CT), for example, for changes in cerebral blood flow.
- functional MRI functional magnetic resonance imaging
- SPECT single photon emission CT
- the stimulus is given from before administration of the therapeutic agent to 6 hours after administration, the stimulus may be given once or multiple times at any time within such a period. However, it is not excluded that the stimulation is applied even after 6 hours after the administration of the therapeutic agent.
- the timing of the stimulus can be appropriately set according to the type of stimulus, the patient's condition, and the like.
- the time from application of stimulus to the increase in blood flow to the affected area (nerve injury site, etc.) and the time for maintaining the increase in blood flow may differ. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the timing of administration of the therapeutic agent so as to overlap with the timing of higher blood flow in the affected area.
- the stimulus is a sensory stimulus or a verbal stimulus
- the time from application of the stimulus to the increase in blood flow to the affected area tends to be longer than when the stimulus is an electrical stimulus or a magnetic stimulus. Therefore, when the stimulus is a sensory stimulus or a verbal stimulus, the period from the stimulus application to the administration of the therapeutic agent is set longer (preferably within 6 hours, more preferably within 3 hours), or the stimulus is stimulated from the administration of the therapeutic agent.
- the period until the application is short preferably up to 3 hours later, more preferably up to 1 hour later.
- the stimulus is an electrical stimulus or a magnetic stimulus
- it is preferable to set the time from the stimulus application to the administration of the therapeutic agent short preferably within 3 hours, more preferably within 1 hour
- the period from administration to stimulation can be set longer (up to 6 hours, preferably up to 3 hours).
- the stimulus is preferentially given to one or more selected from the group consisting of the nerve injured part, the vicinity of the nerve injured part, and the part compensating for the function of the nerve injured part, the stimulus is given to the parts other than these parts. Is not excluded.
- "given preferentially (to a predetermined site)” means at least of the nerve-damaged part, the vicinity of the nerve-damaged part, and the part compensating for the function of the nerve-damaged part when the stimulation is started. It means that the stimulus is given to 1 or more first.
- the "nerve injury portion” means the site itself where the nerve injury (atrophy, nerve blockage, transection, rupture, defect, brain injury, spinal cord injury, etc.) has occurred. Nerve injuries are usually the cause of nerve damage.
- the "periphery of the nerve injured part” means a part around the nerve injured part (for example, a part surrounding the nerve injured part or a part close to the nerve injured part), although it is not the nerve injured part itself.
- the "site that compensates for the function of the nerve injured part” is a part that works to compensate for the function of the nerve injured part (for example, when the primary motor area is damaged, the right side of the peripheral part on the affected side). It means the primary motor area, premotor area, supplementary motor area, etc. on the parietal lobe and the healthy side.
- Examples of the site where stimulation is applied to the patient include the head (brain, etc.), face, eyes, ears, mouth, upper limbs, lower limbs, trunk, articulation organs, swallowing organs, and the like.
- the sites to which the stimulus can be applied and the method of applying the stimulus are illustrated below for each type of stimulus.
- the "nerve injury area” is the right primary motor area (finger control area).
- the "around the nerve injury area” is the right primary motor area (other than the finger control area) -premotor cortex, supplementary motor area, and right primary sensory area. And so on.
- the "site that compensates for the function of the nerve injury area” is the right parietal lobe, the left primary motor area to the premotor area, the supplementary motor area, and the like.
- the nerve-damaged part can be preferentially stimulated by trying to move the paralyzed left finger.
- the area near the paralyzed left finger left finger, left wrist, etc. that has not been injured
- the area around the nerve injury area It can be stimulated preferentially.
- the paralyzed left finger is used for various tasks and rough movements are promoted to preferentially stimulate the site that compensates for the function of the nerve injury area. Can be given.
- the "nerve injury” is the right primary sensory cortex.
- the "periphery of the nerve-damaged part” is the right primary sensory cortex to the right primary motor area, etc.
- the "site that compensates for the function of the nerve injured part” is the left primary sensory area, the secondary somatic sensory area that connects with the primary sensory area, and the parietal lobe association area. , Motor field, visual cortex, etc.
- the nerve-damaged part can be preferentially stimulated by giving a sensory stimulus to the affected part with sensory impairment.
- the right primary sensory cortex (tertiary neuron) is nerve-damaged
- the peripheral part of the nerve-damaged part can be preferentially stimulated by stimulating the part close to the part having the sensory disorder.
- the patient may be visually confirmed when applying sensory stimuli to or around the site with sensory impairment, or the same degree of sensory stimulation may be given at the same time as the healthy side. By doing so, it is possible to preferentially stimulate the site that compensates for the function of the nerve injured portion.
- the "nerve injury” is the right second finger.
- the "periphery of the nerve-damaged part” is the right-hand first, third, fourth, and five fingers that have escaped the nerve injury.
- the "site that compensates for the function of the nerve-damaged part” is the right wrist, forearm, upper arm, shoulder, and the like.
- the nerve-damaged part can be preferentially stimulated by applying electrical stimulation to the right second finger, which is the nerve-damaged part.
- the area around the nerve injured part is preferentially stimulated by applying electrical stimulation to the right first, third, fourth, or five fingers close to the right second finger with neuropathy. Can be done.
- the right wrist, forearm, upper arm, or shoulder can be electrically stimulated to preferentially stimulate the site that compensates for the function of the nerve-damaged part.
- the "nerve injury area” is the right primary motor area (finger control area).
- the "around the nerve injury area” is the right primary motor area (other than the finger control area) -premotor cortex, supplementary motor area, and right primary sensory area. And so on.
- the "site that compensates for the function of the nerve injury area” is the right parietal lobe, the left primary motor area to the premotor area, the supplementary motor area, and the like.
- excitatory magnetic stimulation can be given to the right parietal lobe to preferentially stimulate the part that compensates for the function of the nerve-damaged part.
- inhibitory magnetic stimulation low frequency rTMS ⁇ 1 Hz or less> or continuous TBS
- the nerve injured part (right primary motor area ⁇ finger control area>), peripheral part (right primary motor area ⁇ other than finger control area> -pre-motor area, supplementary motor area, right primary sensory area), compensatory part (right parietal lobe) ) Can be released from suppression and their blood flow and excitability can be increased.
- the "nerve injury part” is the Wernicke's area.
- the "periphery of the nerve-damaged part” is the Wernicke's area, Broca's area, and a language circuit including a conduction path (arcuate fasciculus) connecting the two.
- the "sites that compensate for the function of the nerve-damaged area” are the left angular gyrus (Brodmann's 39 area), the left supramarginal gyrus (Brodmann's 40 area), the cerebral, thalamus, and cerebral. Basal ganglia, etc.
- the stimulation to the nerve-damaged part can be given preferentially by giving a sensory language stimulus.
- the Wernicke's area is nerve-damaged, it is possible to preferentially stimulate the peripheral part of the nerve-damaged part by repeating it or giving a motor speech stimulus.
- the Wernicke's area is nerve-damaged, it is possible to preferentially stimulate the part that compensates for the function of the nerve-damaged part by giving tasks such as phonology, words, grammar, reading comprehension, and calculation.
- ⁇ Mesenchymal stem cells> A liquid preparation containing mesenchymal stem cells at a concentration of 1 million cells / ml was prepared by the method of Example 3 of Japanese Patent No. 4061487.
- the mesenchymal stem cells prepared above were intravenously administered to patients with various symptoms of neuropathy described below.
- stimulation was applied (any one of motor stimulation, sensory stimulation, electrical stimulation, magnetic stimulation, language stimulation, and higher brain function stimulation).
- stimulation was applied 1 hour before administration of mesenchymal stem cells means that the start time of stimulation was 1 hour before the start of administration of mesenchymal stem cells. .. "The stimulus was given during the administration of mesenchymal stem cells” means that the start time of the stimulus was during the administration of the mesenchymal stem cells (at any time of the cell administration time of 1 hour). means. "The stimulation was applied n hours after the administration of the mesenchymal stem cells” means that the start time of the stimulation was n hours after the start of the administration of the mesenchymal stem cells.
- [Exercise stimulation] A 48-year-old male patient with cerebral hemorrhage was given repeated facilitation therapy as an exercise stimulus.
- the function of the nerve injured part (left finger, left foot to lower leg), the nerve injured peripheral part (left wrist joint to forearm, left knee joint to thigh), and the nerve injured part are used as the stimulation site. It was set at the site to be compensated (left elbow joint-shoulder joint, left hip joint).
- Exercise stimulation was applied 6 and 1 hour before administration of mesenchymal stem cells, during administration, and 3, 6 and 12 hours after administration. The stimulation application time per time was set to 30 minutes for each site.
- a 50-year-old male patient with similar symptoms was allowed to perform whole-body exercise (exercise with a treadmill for 30 minutes each time), and mesenchymal stem cells were administered in the same manner as described above.
- Sensory stimulation was applied 6 and 1 hour before administration of mesenchymal stem cells, during administration, and 3, 6 and 12 hours after administration.
- the stimulation application time per time was set to 30 minutes for each site.
- the above sensory stimulation was applied to the affected upper and lower limbs.
- sensory stimulation (30 minutes each time) was performed on the healthy upper and lower limbs of a 50-year-old male patient with similar symptoms, and mesenchymal stem cells were administered in the same manner as described above.
- Electrode stimulation A 48-year-old male patient with cerebral hemorrhage was given low-frequency stimulation to the upper and lower limbs of the paralyzed patient via electrodes attached to the limbs of the paralyzed limb as electrical stimulation.
- the function of the nerve injured part left finger, left foot to lower leg
- the nerve injured peripheral part left wrist joint to forearm, left knee joint to thigh
- the nerve injured part are used as the stimulation site. It was set at the site to be compensated (left elbow joint-shoulder joint, left hip joint). Electrical stimulation was applied 6 and 1 hour before administration of mesenchymal stem cells, during administration, and 3, 6 and 12 hours after administration. The stimulation application time per time was set to 20 minutes for each site.
- Magnetic stimulation By transcranial magnetic stimulation, magnetic stimulation was applied to the head of a 48-year-old male patient with cerebral hemorrhage using a TMS device (manufactured by CR Technology). Specifically, it is given at 5 Hz (time interval 200 ms) at an intensity of 80% of the exercise threshold by intermittent TBS (iTBS: intermittent TBS; 1burst 50 Hz, 3 stimuli), stimulated for 2 seconds, and rested for 8 seconds. A total of 2000 pulse stimuli were used by the method.
- iTBS intermittent TBS
- 1burst 50 Hz 3 stimuli
- the site of stimulation is the nerve injured part (affected side primary motor cortex finger control part), the nerve injury peripheral part (other than the affected side primary motor cortex finger control part), and the part that compensates for the function of the nerve injury part (right parietal lobe).
- Magnetic stimulation was applied 6 and 1 hour before administration of mesenchymal stem cells, during administration, and 3, 6 and 12 hours after administration.
- the stimulation application time per time was set to 2000 pulses for each site, about 11 minutes.
- the above magnetic stimulation was applied to the affected temporal region.
- Higher brain function stimulation Higher brain function stimulation was given to an 81-year-old female with cerebral hemorrhage who had higher brain dysfunction (attention disorder). As higher brain function stimulation, Attention Process Training was performed as attention training. Higher brain function stimulation was applied 6 and 1 hour before administration of mesenchymal stem cells, during administration, and 3, 6 and 12 hours after administration. The stimulus application time was set to 60 minutes.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前記治療剤は、間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞を含む静脈内投与製剤であり、かつ、患者の神経への刺激付与と併用され、
前記刺激付与は、前記治療剤の投与前から投与後6時間までに行われる、
治療剤。
前記治療剤は、間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞を含む静脈内投与製剤であり、かつ、患者の神経への刺激付与と併用され、
前記刺激は、神経損傷部、神経損傷部周辺、及び神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位からなる群から選択される1以上に優先的に付与される、
治療剤。
本発明の神経障害の治療剤(以下、「本発明の治療剤」ともいう。)は、間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞を含む静脈内投与製剤であり、かつ、患者の神経への刺激付与と併用されるものであり、その使用態様において、以下の2態様を包含する。本発明の治療剤は、以下の2態様のいずれかを備えるものでもよく、両方を備えるものであってもよい。
(1)刺激付与が、治療剤の投与前から投与後6時間までに行われる態様。
(2)刺激が、神経損傷部、神経損傷部周辺、及び神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位からなる群から選択される1以上に優先的に付与される態様。
しかし、特許文献1及び2には、間葉系幹細胞の静脈投与とリハビリテーションとのタイミング関係は開示されていない。
これに対し、本発明者は、患者の神経への刺激付与は間葉系幹細胞の投与前から投与後6時間までに行われると特に治療効果が高まることを見出した。
また、本発明者は、間葉系幹細胞の静脈内投与との併用による治療効果は、全身運動(トレッドミル等を用いた運動等)との併用よりも、患者の神経への刺激付与との併用の方が顕著に高くなることを見出した。
神経障害の治療効果が奏されたかどうかは、NIHSS(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale)、mRS(modified Rankin scale)、AIS(ASIA Impairment Scale)、Frankel分類、SIAS(Stroke Impairment Assessment)、BRS(Brunnstrom stage)、FMA(Fugl Meyer Assessment)、MMT(manual muscle testing)、FMA(Fugl Meyer Assessment)、標準失語症検査(SLTA)、WAB失語症検査、トークン検査、MMSE(Mini-Mental State Examinaton)等の公知の基準や方法に基づき評価される。
本発明の治療剤は、間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞を含む。本発明の治療剤は、間葉系幹細胞及び間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞の両方を含んでいてもよく、いずれか片方を含んでいてもよい。本発明の治療剤が間葉系幹細胞及び間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞の両方を含む場合、それらの細胞数の割合は特に限定されず、得ようとする治療効果等に応じて適宜調整される。
間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞の例としては、IPS細胞(Induced Pluriopotent Stem Cells)、ES細胞(Embryonic Stem Cells)等が挙げられる。
・ CD73、CD90、CD105、及びCD200から選ばれる少なくとも1以上が陽性である。
・ CD19、CD34、CD45、CD74、CD79α、及びHLA-DRから選ばれる少なくとも1以上が陰性である。
好ましい調製方法としては、日本国特許第4061487号に記載された方法が挙げられる。この方法は、新鮮骨髄細胞を培養皿に添加して、培養皿に付着して増殖する工程、得られた細胞の一部を再度培養皿上で増殖させる工程等を含む。
例えば、投与される間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞の細胞数が、投与1回あたり、好ましくは1万~10億個、10万~5億個、100万~2.5億個、1000万~1.5億個となるように調整してもよい。液剤の濃度は、特に限定されないが、細胞濃度が1万~1000万個/mlとなるように調整してもよい。
本発明の治療剤は、静脈内投与製剤である。したがって、本発明の治療剤には、間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞とともに、媒体(生理緩衝液、滅菌水、生理食塩水、ブドウ糖液、培地)や、静脈内投与製剤に配合されることが知られる成分(乳化剤、界面活性剤、安定化剤等)が必要に応じて配合されていてもよい。
本発明の治療剤は、患者の神経への刺激付与とともに併用され、該刺激付与は以下の2要件のうちいずれか、又は両方を満たす。
(要件1)刺激付与が、治療剤の投与前から投与後6時間までに行われる。
(要件2)刺激が、神経損傷部、神経損傷部周辺、及び神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位からなる群から選択される1以上に優先的に付与される。
投与された間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞が患部(脳等の神経損傷部位等)やその周辺に残存する間に、患部への血流量等が増加すると、該増加に応じた数の間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞が患部に移行し、治療効果を効率的に高めることが出来る。その具体的手法が上記要件1及び2である。
上記(要件1)を満たすように刺激付与を行うことで、血中の間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞の残存量が多いタイミングで、患部(脳等)への血流量が増え、患部に移行する間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞の数を増やすことが出来る。
上記(要件1)において、「刺激付与が、治療剤の投与後6時間までに行われる」とは、刺激付与の開始時点が、治療剤の投与開始時点から6時間経過した時点よりも前であることを意味する。
上記(要件2)を満たすように刺激付与を行うことで、患部(神経損傷部位等)の血流量が他の神経領域よりも優先的に増加するから、患部に移行する間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞の数を増やすことが出来る。
1つの刺激付与手段によって、これらの刺激のうちの1つ又は複数を同時に付与し得る。例えば、随意運動介助型電気刺激装置によれば、運動刺激、感覚刺激(体性感覚刺激)、及び電気刺激を同時に患者へ付与し得る。ロボット補助訓練装置(例えば、「ロボットスーツHAL」(商標))を併用すれば、運動刺激、感覚刺激を同時に患者へ付与し得る。
本発明において「運動刺激」とは、患部を対象とした運動刺激を意味する。ただし、患部を対象とした運動刺激としては、全身運動(トレッドミル等を用いた運動等)をともなう運動刺激を排除しない。
運動刺激としては、目的とする神経路への刺激量を高めるために、神経筋促通法(PNF法、ブルンストローム法、ボバース法等)を併用した態様、川平法(促通反復療法)、Arm Basisis training等の集中した反復運動刺激である態様、非麻痺側拘束運動療法(CI療法:Constrain-Induced Movement Therapy)等の強制的に運動刺激を行わせる態様、付与する刺激を運動刺激だけでなく感覚刺激、電気刺激、磁気刺激を併用する態様が挙げられる。
また、ロボット補助訓練装置(例えば、「ロボットスーツHAL」(商標))を用いることで、反復した運動刺激、感覚刺激を同時に患者へ付与し得る。
構音障害患者に対しては、任意の運動刺激と、構音訓練との併用が好ましい刺激として挙げられる。
運動神経経路とは、運動情報を、上位運動ニューロン(大脳皮質一次運動野や脳幹から始まる)から下位運動ニューロンに伝える経路である。この経路には、外側皮質脊髄路、赤核脊髄路、網様体脊髄路、前庭脊髄路、視蓋脊髄路、皮質延髄路等がある。
また、運動神経経路は、下位運動ニューロンにシナプスし、その軸索が末梢神経となって伸び、錐外筋線維にシナプスすることで目的とする筋肉を収縮させ運動を起こす。
なお、一次運動野は運動前野、補足運動野、帯状皮質運動野、視床、一次体性感覚野、上頭頂小葉等からの調節を受けており、絶えず運動神経経路及び感覚神経経路が調節し合いながら働く。
本発明において「感覚刺激」とは、神経障害に関連する感覚(視覚、聴覚、触覚等)のいずれかに対する刺激を意味する。本発明の効果を奏しやすいという観点から、本発明における感覚刺激としては、体性感覚刺激、聴覚刺激、及び視覚刺激が好ましい。
体性感覚としては、大別して4つのモダリティ(痛覚、温度覚、触圧覚、深部(固有)知覚)があり、それぞれの受容のために特殊化した感覚受容器、神経線維、伝導路等が使われている。
体性感覚が大脳皮質に至る感覚神経経路は明らかにされており、例えば、以下の経路が知られている。
深部感覚・精細な触圧覚:後索-内側毛様体路経系を通る(受容器→1次ニューロン(脊髄に入り、同側後索を上行、同側延髄後索核に終止)→ニ次ニューロン(交差し対側内側毛帯を上行、対側視床VPLに終止)→三次ニューロン(対側大脳皮質体性感覚野)に至る。)。
温痛覚・粗大な触圧覚:脊髄視床路を通る(受容器→1次ニューロン(脊髄に入り、脊髄後角に終止)→ニ次ニューロン(交差し対側前側索を上行、対側脊髄視床路を上行、対側視床VPLに終止)→三次ニューロン(対側大脳皮質体性感覚野)に至る。)。
本発明において「電気刺激」とは、電流を用いて電気的に与えられる刺激を意味する。例えば、患部へ電極を貼り、電気(低周波、中周波、高周波、干渉波等)で神経回路を興奮させる刺激が挙げられる。
電気刺激によって神経回路を興奮させることで、ゲートコンロール理論で説明されるような疼痛閾値を上昇させたり、運動閾値を低下させて麻痺肢を動かしやすくさせたりすることが出来る。
本発明において「磁気刺激」とは、静磁石又は電磁石を用いて磁気的に与えられる刺激を意味する。
なお、TMSでは抑制性に作用する低頻度rTMS(1Hz以下)や、興奮性に作用する高頻度rTMS(5Hz以上)のような古典的rTMS手法が代表的であるが、50Hzの3連発刺激からなるburst刺激を5Hzの頻度で実施する「theta burst stimulation(TBS)」を用いてもよい。間欠的TBS(iTBS:intermittent TBS)では、シーターバースト刺激(50Hzの3連発刺激を5Hz)を2秒間行い、8秒間休止する方法でパルス刺激を行うと運動野の興奮性を亢進する。また、持続的TBS(cTBS: continuous TBS)では、シーターバースト刺激(50Hzの3連発刺激を5Hz)を連続的に行う方法で運動野の興奮性を抑制する。つまり、TBSは連続的に行うと抑制作用を奏し、断続的に行うと興奮性作用を奏する。TBSは低頻度又は高頻度のrTMSよりも弱い刺激強度で実施でき、作用時間がより持続する特徴がある。
本発明において「言語刺激」とは、言語を介したコミュニケーションによって与えられる刺激を意味する。
本発明において「高次脳機能」とは、認知過程(知覚、記憶、学習、思考、判断等)と行為の感情(情動)を含めた精神(心理)機能の総称である。
本発明において「高次脳機能刺激」とは、記憶訓練、注意訓練、遂行機能訓練、社会的行動訓練を意味する。
本発明における「刺激」は上記のほか、患者の生理的変化をもたらし得る任意の刺激を包含する。
例えば、刺激付与が、治療剤の投与前から投与後6時間までに行われる態様である場合、刺激は全身運動等であってもよい。
本発明において、患者に刺激が付与されたかどうかやその強さは、患者における生理的変化の有無や程度によって特定される。
刺激付与が、治療剤の投与前から投与後6時間までに行われる場合、刺激付与は、かかる期間内の任意の時点で、1回又は複数回行ってもよい。ただし、治療剤の投与後6時間以降の時点でも刺激付与を行うことは排除されない。
具体的には、刺激が感覚刺激や言語刺激である場合、刺激が電気刺激や磁気刺激である場合よりも、刺激付与から患部への血流量が増加するまでの時間が長くなる傾向にある。
そのため、刺激が感覚刺激や言語刺激である場合、刺激付与から治療剤投与までの間を長めに設定(好ましくは6時間前以内、より好ましくは3時間前以内)、又は、治療剤投与から刺激付与までの間を短めに設定する(好ましくは3時間後まで、より好ましくは1時間後まで)することが好ましい。
他方で、刺激が電気刺激や磁気刺激である場合、刺激付与から治療剤投与までの時間を短めに設定(好ましくは3時間以内、より好ましくは1時間以内)することが好ましく、また、治療剤投与から刺激付与までの間を長めに設定する(6時間後まで、好ましくは3時間後まで)することが出来る。
刺激が、神経損傷部、神経損傷部周辺、及び神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位からなる群から選択される1以上に優先的に付与される場合、刺激付与がこれらの部位以外に付与されることは排除されない。
右側一次運動野(手指支配部)が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部」とは、右側一次運動野(手指支配部)である。
右側一次運動野(手指支配部)が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部周辺」とは、損傷を免れた右側一次運動野(手指支配部以外)~運動前野、補足運動野、右側一次感覚野等である。
右側一次運動野(手指支配部)が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位」とは、右側頭頂葉、左側一次運動野~運動前野、補足運動野等である。
右側一次運動野(手指支配部)が神経損傷した場合、麻痺している左手指に近接する部位(損傷を免れた左手指、左手首等)を動かそうとすることで、神経損傷部周辺に優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
右側一次運動野(手指支配部)が神経損傷した場合、麻痺している左手指を使用する各種課題や粗大な動作を促すことで、神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位へ優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
右側一次感覚野(三次ニューロン)が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部」とは右側一次感覚野である。
右側一次感覚野(三次ニューロン)が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部周辺」とは、損傷を免れた右側一次感覚野~右側一次運動野等である。
右側一次感覚野(三次ニューロン)が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位」とは、左側一次感覚野、一次感覚野と連絡する二次体性感覚野、頭頂葉連合野、運動野、視覚野等である。
右側一次感覚野(三次ニューロン)が神経損傷した場合、感覚障害のある部位に近接する部位に刺激を与えることで神経損傷部周辺部に優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
右側一次感覚野(三次ニューロン)が神経損傷した場合、感覚障害のある部位や周辺に感覚刺激を与える際に患者に目で見て確認させたり、健側と同時に同程度の感覚刺激を与えたりすることで、神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位へ優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
右側第二指が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部」とは右側第二指である。
右側第二指が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部周辺」とは、神経損傷を免れた右側第一、三、四、及び五指等である。
右側第二指が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位」とは、右側手首、前腕、上腕、及び肩等である。
右側第二指が神経損傷した場合、神経障害のある右第二指に近接する右側第一、三、四、又は五指に電気刺激を与えることで神経損傷部周辺部に優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
右側第二指が神経損傷した場合、右側手首、前腕、上腕、又は肩に電気刺激を与えることで、神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位へ優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
右側一次運動野(手指支配部)が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部」とは右側一次運動野(手指支配部)である。
右側一次運動野(手指支配部)が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部周辺」とは、損傷を免れた右側一次運動野(手指支配部以外)~運動前野、補足運動野、右側一次感覚野等である。
右側一次運動野(手指支配部)が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位」とは、右側頭頂葉、左側一次運動野~運動前野、補足運動野等である。
右側一次運動野(手指支配部)が神経損傷した場合、神経損傷部に近接する部位である右側一次運動野(手指支配部以外)~運動前野、補足運動野、右側一次感覚野に興奮性磁気刺激を与えることで神経損傷部周辺部に優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
右側一次運動野(手指支配部)が神経損傷した場合、右側頭頂葉に対して興奮性磁気刺激を与えることで、神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位へ優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
また、左側一次運動野に抑制性磁気刺激(低頻度rTMS〈1Hz以下〉あるいは持続的TBS)を与えることで、左側大脳から右側大脳にかかる活動の抑制(半球間抑制)を低下させ、結果的に、神経損傷部(右側一次運動野〈手指支配部〉)、周辺部(右側一次運動野〈手指支配部以外〉~運動前野、補足運動野、右側一次感覚野)、代償部(右側頭頂葉)を抑制から開放し、それらの血流や興奮性を上げることが出来る。
ウェルニッケ野が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部」とはウェルニッケ野である。
ウェルニッケ野が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部周辺」とは、神経損傷を免れたウェルニッケ野、ブローカ野、及び両者を結ぶ伝導路(弓状束)を含む言語回路等である。
ウェルニッケ野が神経損傷した場合、「神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位」とは、左角回(ブロードマンの39野)、左縁上回(ブロードマンの40野)、小脳、視床、大脳基底核等である。
ウェルニッケ野が神経損傷した場合、復唱させたり、運動性言語刺激を与えたりすることで神経損傷部周辺部に優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
ウェルニッケ野が神経損傷した場合、音韻、単語、文法、読解、計算等の課題を与えることで、神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位へ優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
神経損傷により遂行機能障害が生じた場合、「神経損傷部」とは遂行機能を支配する脳の部位である。
神経損傷により遂行機能障害が生じた場合、「神経損傷部周辺」とは、遂行機能の下層にある記憶や情報処理を支配する脳の部位である。
神経損傷により遂行機能障害が生じた場合、「神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位」とは、記憶や情報処理のさらに下層にある、注意力、集中力、抑制、発動性、覚醒等を支配する脳の部位である。
神経損傷により遂行機能障害が生じた場合、遂行機能の下層にある記憶や情報処理訓練を行うことで神経損傷部周辺部に優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
神経損傷により遂行機能障害が生じた場合、記憶や情報処理のさらに下層にある、注意力、集中力、抑制、発動性、覚醒に対する訓練を行うことで、神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位へ優先的に刺激を与えることが出来る。
特許4061487号の実施例3の方法で、間葉系幹細胞を100万個/mlの濃度で含む液剤を調製した。
後記の神経障害の諸症状を有する患者に、上記で調製した間葉系幹細胞を静脈内投与した。あわせて、刺激付与(運動刺激、感覚刺激、電気刺激、磁気刺激、言語刺激、及び高次脳機能刺激のいずれか1つ)を行った。
各患者には、上記液剤100mlを点滴で1時間かけて、1回静脈内投与した。
各患者に与えた刺激の詳細は下記のとおりである。
「間葉系幹細胞の投与中に刺激付与を行った」とは、刺激付与の開始時点が、間葉系幹細胞の投与中(1時間の細胞投与時間のいずれかの時点)であったことを意味する。
「間葉系幹細胞の投与n時間後に刺激付与を行った」とは、刺激付与の開始時点が、間葉系幹細胞の投与開始時点のn時間後であったことを意味する。
48歳脳出血男性患者に対して、運動刺激付与として促通反復療法を施行した。
本例では、刺激付与の部位を神経損傷部(左手指、左足~下腿部)、神経損傷周辺部(左手関節部~前腕、左膝関節部~大腿部)、神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位(左肘関節部~肩関節部、左股関節部)に設定した。
運動刺激付与は、間葉系幹細胞の投与6及び1時間前、投与中、並びに投与3、6及び12時間後に行った。
1回あたりの刺激付与時間は各部位30分に設定した。
また、同様の症状を有する50歳男性患者に全身運動(1回あたり30分のトレッドミルによる運動)を行わせ、上記同様に間葉系幹細胞を投与した。
48歳脳出血男性患者に対して、感覚障害のある患者の上下肢への感覚刺激付与として、麻痺肢に氷嚢にて冷却刺激を与えながら、聴覚的刺激(声かけ)を与え、さらには上下肢の位置を視覚的にも確認するよう指示した。
本例では、刺激付与の部位を神経損傷部(左手指、左足~下腿部)、神経損傷周辺部(左手関節部~前腕、左膝関節部~大腿部)、神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位(左肘関節部~肩関節部、左股関節部)に設定した。
感覚刺激付与は、間葉系幹細胞の投与6及び1時間前、投与中、並びに投与3、6及び12時間後に行った。
1回あたりの刺激付与時間は各部位30分に設定した。
上記の感覚刺激は、患側上下肢に対して行った。
また、同様の症状を有する50歳男性患者の健側上下肢に対して感覚刺激(1回あたり30分)を行い、上記同様に間葉系幹細胞を投与した。
48歳脳出血男性患者に対して、麻痺した患者の上下肢に、電気刺激付与として、手足の麻痺した患者の手足に貼った電極を介して低周波刺激を付与した。
本例では、刺激付与の部位を神経損傷部(左手指、左足~下腿部)、神経損傷周辺部(左手関節部~前腕、左膝関節部~大腿部)、神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位(左肘関節部~肩関節部、左股関節部)に設定した。
電気刺激付与は、間葉系幹細胞の投与6及び1時間前、投与中、並びに投与3、6及び12時間後に行った。
1回あたりの刺激付与時間は各部位20分に設定した。
上記の電気刺激は、患側上下肢に対して行った。
また、同様の症状を有する50歳男性患者の健側上下肢に対して電気刺激(1回あたり20分)を行い、上記同様に間葉系幹細胞を投与した。
経頭蓋磁気刺激によって、TMS装置(CRTechnology社製)を用いて、48歳脳出血男性患者の頭部に磁気刺激付与を行った。具体的には、間欠的TBS(iTBS: intermittent TBS;1burst 50Hz,3 stimuli)にて、80%の運動時閾値の強度で5Hz(時間間隔200ms)で与え、刺激を2秒間行い8秒間休止する方法で合計2000パルス刺激とした。
本例では、刺激付与の部位を神経損傷部(患側一次運動野手指支配部)、神経損傷周辺部(患側一次運動野手指支配部以外)、神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位(右側頭頂葉)に設定した。
磁気刺激付与は、間葉系幹細胞の投与6及び1時間前、投与中、並びに投与3、6及び12時間後に行った。
1回あたりの刺激付与時間は各部位2000パルス、約11分に設定した。
上記の磁気刺激は、患側頭部に対して行った。
また、同様の症状を有する50歳男性患者に対して、音のみを発するプラセボ患部頭部磁気刺激(1回あたり2000パルス、約11分)を行い、上記同様に間葉系幹細胞を投与した。なお、プラセボ患部頭部磁気刺激は、実際には患者へ磁気刺激を付与しないものである。
81歳脳出血女性で失語症を認める患者に対して言語刺激付与を行った。言語刺激としては、コミュニケーション課題(読む、書く、聞く、話す、復唱、計算)を用いた刺激を付与した。
言語刺激付与は、間葉系幹細胞の投与6及び1時間前、投与中、並びに投与3、6及び12時間後に行った。
刺激付与時間は60分に設定した。
81歳脳出血女性で高次脳機能障害(注意障害)が認められた患者に対して高次脳機能刺激付与を行った。高次脳機能刺激としては、注意訓練としてAttention Process Trainingを行った。
高次脳機能刺激付与は、間葉系幹細胞の投与6及び1時間前、投与中、並びに投与3、6及び12時間後に行った。
刺激付与時間は60分に設定した。
参考として、81歳脳出血女性で失語症を認める患者に対して、1時間、受動的に、ラジオを聴かせるか、又はテレビを視聴させた。
これらの刺激は、間葉系幹細胞の投与6及び1時間前、投与中、並びに投与3、6及び12時間後に行った。
患者へ各処置を行った後、各症状について下の指標で治療効果を評価し、下の基準で評価結果を分類した。その結果を表1に示す。
麻痺・感覚障害: SIAS(Stroke Impairment Assessment)、FMA(Fugl-Meyer assessment)
脳梗塞: NIHSS(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale)
失語症: 標準失語症検査(SLTA)
高次脳機能:MMSE(Mini-Mental State Examinaton)
◎:全身運動(細胞投与12時間後)の結果に比べて著明な治療効果が認められた。
○:全身運動(細胞投与12時間後)の結果に比べて治療効果が認められた。
△:全身運動(細胞投与12時間後)の結果に比べて若干の治療効果が認められた。
◎:健側刺激(細胞投与12時間後)の結果に比べて著明な治療効果が認められた。
○:健側刺激(細胞投与12時間後)の結果に比べて治療効果が認められた。
△:健側刺激(細胞投与12時間後)の結果に比べて若干の治療効果が認められた。
◎:プラセボ患側磁気刺激(細胞投与12時間後)の結果に比べて著明な治療効果が認められた。
○:プラセボ患側磁気刺激(細胞投与12時間後)の結果に比べて治療効果が認められた。
△:プラセボ患側磁気刺激(細胞投与12時間後)の結果に比べて若干の治療効果が認められた。
◎:細胞投与及び刺激付与前と比べて顕著な治療効果が認められた。
○:細胞投与及び刺激付与前と比べて治療効果が認められた。
△:細胞投与及び刺激付与前と比べて若干の治療効果が認められた。
×:細胞投与及び刺激付与前と比べて変化が認められなかった。
Claims (3)
- 神経障害の治療剤であって、
前記治療剤は、間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞を含む静脈内投与製剤であり、かつ、患者の神経への刺激付与と併用され、
前記刺激付与は、前記治療剤の投与前から投与後6時間までに行われる、
治療剤。 - 神経障害の治療剤であって、
前記治療剤は、間葉系幹細胞及び/又は間葉系幹細胞に分化可能な細胞を含む静脈内投与製剤であり、かつ、患者の神経への刺激付与と併用され、
前記刺激は、神経損傷部、神経損傷部周辺、及び神経損傷部の機能を代償する部位からなる群から選択される1以上に優先的に付与される、
治療剤。 - 前記刺激は、運動刺激、感覚刺激、電気刺激、磁気刺激、言語刺激、及び高次脳機能刺激からなる群から選択される1以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の治療剤。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MX2023001388A MX2023001388A (es) | 2020-07-31 | 2021-07-30 | Agente terapéutico para lesiones nerviosas. |
CN202180058631.7A CN116209457A (zh) | 2020-07-31 | 2021-07-30 | 神经障碍的治疗剂 |
KR1020237006826A KR20230047413A (ko) | 2020-07-31 | 2021-07-30 | 신경 장애의 치료제 |
US18/007,076 US20230285466A1 (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2021-07-30 | Therapeutic agent for nerve damage |
EP21849087.8A EP4190337A4 (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2021-07-30 | THERAPEUTIC AGENT FOR NERVOUS FUNCTION DISORDER |
BR112023001726A BR112023001726A2 (pt) | 2020-07-31 | 2021-07-30 | Agente terapêutico para danos nos nervos |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2020130911A JP7545714B2 (ja) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | 神経障害の治療剤 |
JP2020-130911 | 2020-07-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022025276A1 true WO2022025276A1 (ja) | 2022-02-03 |
Family
ID=80036415
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2021/028420 WO2022025276A1 (ja) | 2020-07-31 | 2021-07-30 | 神経障害の治療剤 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230285466A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP4190337A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7545714B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20230047413A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN116209457A (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112023001726A2 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2023001388A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2022025276A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7620751B1 (ja) | 2024-01-12 | 2025-01-23 | ロート製薬株式会社 | 老視による視覚機能低下を治療、改善、緩和又は予防する方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4061487B2 (ja) | 2002-11-21 | 2008-03-19 | 始 大串 | 血管新生を目的とする移植材料及びその製造方法 |
WO2009002503A1 (en) | 2007-06-25 | 2008-12-31 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Combiner method for altering game gearing |
WO2017188457A1 (ja) | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | 北海道公立大学法人札幌医科大学 | シナプス形成剤 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20080049562A (ko) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-06-04 | 가톨릭대학교 산학협력단 | 제대혈 유래 간엽 줄기세포를 유효성분으로 포함하는 신경손상 질환 치료제 |
JP2013508013A (ja) | 2009-10-16 | 2013-03-07 | ザ ユニバーシティ オブ メディスン アンド デンティストリー オブ ニュー ジャージー | 細胞療法戦略を用いた慢性神経組織損傷の治療方法 |
WO2014141219A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Blue Horizon International Llc | Umbilical cord blood derived stem cell transplantation for the treatment of neural disorder |
WO2015152656A1 (ko) * | 2014-04-02 | 2015-10-08 | 동국대학교 산학협력단 | 고강도 전자기장을 이용하여 성체 줄기세포를 신경세포로 분화시키는 방법 |
KR101692388B1 (ko) * | 2015-03-23 | 2017-01-04 | 동국대학교 산학협력단 | 고강도 전자기장과 음파 또는 초음파를 이용한 신경재생시스템 |
KR101768795B1 (ko) * | 2016-01-12 | 2017-08-18 | 동국대학교 산학협력단 | 세포활성 및 분화촉진을 위한 맥동형 전자기장 발생 시스템 |
WO2018015945A2 (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-01-25 | Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics Ltd | Methods for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als) |
JP2022086174A (ja) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-09 | ニューロテックメディカル株式会社 | 神経障害の治療剤 |
-
2020
- 2020-07-31 JP JP2020130911A patent/JP7545714B2/ja active Active
-
2021
- 2021-07-30 MX MX2023001388A patent/MX2023001388A/es unknown
- 2021-07-30 KR KR1020237006826A patent/KR20230047413A/ko active Pending
- 2021-07-30 WO PCT/JP2021/028420 patent/WO2022025276A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2021-07-30 CN CN202180058631.7A patent/CN116209457A/zh active Pending
- 2021-07-30 BR BR112023001726A patent/BR112023001726A2/pt unknown
- 2021-07-30 EP EP21849087.8A patent/EP4190337A4/en active Pending
- 2021-07-30 US US18/007,076 patent/US20230285466A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4061487B2 (ja) | 2002-11-21 | 2008-03-19 | 始 大串 | 血管新生を目的とする移植材料及びその製造方法 |
WO2009002503A1 (en) | 2007-06-25 | 2008-12-31 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Combiner method for altering game gearing |
WO2017188457A1 (ja) | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | 北海道公立大学法人札幌医科大学 | シナプス形成剤 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
"Comprehensive Rehabilitation", May 2006, IGAKU-SHOIN |
ITO, A. ET AL.: "Regenerative Rehabilitation for Stroke Recovery by Inducing Synergistic Effects of Cell Therapy and Neurorehabilitation on Motor Function: A Narrative Review of Pre-Clinical Studies", INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, vol. 21, 3135, April 2020 (2020-04-01), XP055903402 * |
KAMELSKA-SADOWSKA, A. ET AL.: "Review of the Current Knowledge on the Role of Stem Cell Transplantation in Neurorehabilitation", BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL, 3290894, 2019, XP055903403 * |
See also references of EP4190337A4 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7620751B1 (ja) | 2024-01-12 | 2025-01-23 | ロート製薬株式会社 | 老視による視覚機能低下を治療、改善、緩和又は予防する方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20230285466A1 (en) | 2023-09-14 |
BR112023001726A2 (pt) | 2023-05-02 |
JP2022027109A (ja) | 2022-02-10 |
KR20230047413A (ko) | 2023-04-07 |
MX2023001388A (es) | 2023-04-26 |
CN116209457A (zh) | 2023-06-02 |
EP4190337A4 (en) | 2024-09-04 |
JP7545714B2 (ja) | 2024-09-05 |
EP4190337A1 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6393283B2 (ja) | 神経運動機能不全の処置のための方法及びシステム | |
Marín-Medina et al. | New approaches to recovery after stroke | |
Billeri et al. | A narrative review on non-invasive stimulation of the cerebellum in neurological diseases | |
Habib et al. | Transcranial magnetic stimulation as a therapeutic option for neurologic and psychiatric illnesses | |
Xiaojun et al. | Cerebral theta-burst stimulation combined with physiotherapy in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury: a pilot randomized controlled trial | |
JP7545714B2 (ja) | 神経障害の治療剤 | |
George et al. | Treating the depressions with superficial brain stimulation methods | |
Hu et al. | Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the right orbitofrontal cortex for patients with first-episode schizophrenia: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial | |
Minks et al. | Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the cerebellum | |
WO2022114216A1 (ja) | 神経障害の治療剤 | |
Harvey et al. | Cortical stimulation as an adjuvant to upper limb rehabilitation after stroke | |
Phonglamai et al. | Repetitive magnetic stimulation | |
Darch et al. | Non-invasive stimulation of the cerebellum in health and disease | |
RU2612837C1 (ru) | Способ лечения вибрационной болезни, связанной с воздействием локальной вибрации | |
RU2403072C2 (ru) | Метод вольдемара рагеля - способ электротерапии человека | |
Ignatova et al. | Translingual Neurostimulation in Treatment of Children with Cerebral Palsy in the Late Residual Stage. Case Study. | |
Grozoiu et al. | Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation in stroke rehabilitation a case study | |
Danilov et al. | New approach to chronic TBI rehabilitation: cranial nerve noninvasive neuromodulation (CN-NINM technology) | |
Lewis et al. | TMS in child and adolescent major depression | |
Li et al. | Case report: Ultrasound-guided median nerve electrical stimulation on functional recovery of hemiplegic upper limb after stroke | |
Mohammadreza et al. | Social functioning increase after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with recurrent major depression | |
Stalter et al. | Transcranial pulse stimulation for multiple system atrophy of parkinsonian subtype–a case report | |
Madira et al. | Intracranial Neuromodulation for Neurologic Recovery | |
Zhao et al. | Recent progress in brain stimulation for substance use disorder and behavioral addiction | |
GEHAN et al. | Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Effect on DementedPatients |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 21849087 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01A Ref document number: 112023001726 Country of ref document: BR |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20237006826 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2021849087 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2021849087 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20230228 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 112023001726 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20230131 |