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WO2022022531A1 - 涂层结构及其制备方法、材料制品和电子产品 - Google Patents

涂层结构及其制备方法、材料制品和电子产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022022531A1
WO2022022531A1 PCT/CN2021/108739 CN2021108739W WO2022022531A1 WO 2022022531 A1 WO2022022531 A1 WO 2022022531A1 CN 2021108739 W CN2021108739 W CN 2021108739W WO 2022022531 A1 WO2022022531 A1 WO 2022022531A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
coating
optical
brightness enhancement
enhancement film
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PCT/CN2021/108739
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨伟
邹凌云
陈志斌
吴献明
阮三良
Original Assignee
深圳市万普拉斯科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022022531A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022022531A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/043—Improving the adhesiveness of the coatings per se, e.g. forming primers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
    • B05D1/38—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment with intermediate treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B05D5/065—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects having colour interferences or colour shifts or opalescent looking, flip-flop, two tones
    • B05D5/066—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects having colour interferences or colour shifts or opalescent looking, flip-flop, two tones achieved by multilayers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/042—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder
    • C08J7/0423—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder with at least one layer of inorganic material and at least one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/046—Forming abrasion-resistant coatings; Forming surface-hardening coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C09D183/08—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2502/00—Acrylic polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2504/00—Epoxy polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2518/00—Other type of polymers
    • B05D2518/10—Silicon-containing polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2463/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C08J2463/10—Epoxy resins modified by unsaturated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2483/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2483/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C08J2483/08—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of material processing, and in particular, to a coating structure and a method for preparing the same, material products and electronic devices including the coating structure.
  • the appearance design of electronic products is also one of the factors affecting user experience. For example, users all hope that the casing used on the mobile phone not only has a beautiful appearance, but also has the advantages of wear resistance, drop resistance, and corrosion resistance.
  • the commonly used brightening process is done on the inner surface of the substrate, and at the same time, the outer surface of the substrate is hardened or coated with a layer of AF coating. . Because the optical coating layer is located on the inner surface of the substrate, it will damage the overall appearance of the substrate to a certain extent, and it is difficult to meet the decorative requirements of high-end mobile phones.
  • the main technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present application is to provide a coating structure and a method for preparing the same, material products and electronic products using the coating structure, which can present a good ceramic texture and improve its durability and wear resistance. performance.
  • a coating structure comprising an optical coating primer layer, a first optical brightening film layer, A first transparent protective layer, a second optical brightness enhancement film layer and a second transparent protective layer.
  • both the first optical brightness enhancement film layer and the second optical brightness enhancement film layer include a metal oxide layer, and the metal oxide in the metal oxide layer is selected from Ti 2 O 5 , ZrO 2 , at least one of SiO 2 ;
  • the thickness of the first optical brightness enhancement film layer and the second optical brightness enhancement film layer is 30-200 nm.
  • both the optical coating primer layer and the first transparent protective layer are UV-cured hard coatings, and the hardness of the first transparent protective layer is greater than the hardness of the optical coating primer layer;
  • the coating structure further includes a first connecting coating and a second connecting coating, and the first connecting coating is laminated and arranged between the first optical brightness enhancement film layer and the first transparent protective layer, so that the The second connection coating layer is laminated between the first transparent protective layer and the second optical brightness enhancement film layer.
  • both the first connecting coating and the second connecting coating are epoxy acrylic resin layers
  • the thickness of the first connection coating and the second connection coating is 5-10 ⁇ m.
  • the second transparent protective layer is a modified organosilicon coating
  • the modified organosilicon coating includes a compound whose molecular formula is shown by the following chemical structural formula:
  • the thickness of the modified silicone coating is 3-15 ⁇ m.
  • the coating structure further comprises a primer layer and a color paint layer sequentially laminated on the surface of the substrate, and the optical coating primer layer is laminated on the color paint layer;
  • the thickness of the primer layer is partially removed by grinding.
  • the primer layer comprises a first primer layer, a second primer layer and a third primer layer, and the colored paint layer is laminated on the third primer layer;
  • the thicknesses of the first primer layer, the second primer layer, the third primer layer and the color paint layer are all 8-15 ⁇ m, and the grinding removal amount of the third primer layer is 5-15 ⁇ m.
  • a method for preparing the coating structure as described above comprising:
  • the coating is sprayed on the surface of the substrate, and after curing, the optical coating primer layer is formed;
  • the second transparent protective layer is formed on the second optical brightness enhancement film layer.
  • both the first optical brightness enhancement film layer and the second optical brightness enhancement film layer include a metal oxide layer, and the metal oxide in the metal oxide layer is selected from Ti 2 O 5 , ZrO 2 , at least one of SiO 2 ;
  • the thickness of the first optical brightness enhancement film layer and the second optical brightness enhancement film layer is 30-200 nm.
  • both the optical coating primer layer and the first transparent protective layer are UV-cured hard coatings, and the hardness of the first transparent protective layer is greater than the hardness of the optical coating primer layer;
  • the preparation method further includes:
  • the preparation method further includes:
  • a second tie coating is formed on the first transparent protective layer.
  • both the first connecting coating and the second connecting coating are epoxy acrylic resin layers
  • the thickness of the first connection coating and the second connection coating is 5-10 ⁇ m.
  • the second transparent protective layer is a modified organosilicon coating
  • the modified organosilicon coating includes a compound whose molecular formula is shown by the following chemical structural formula:
  • the thickness of the modified silicone coating is 3-15 ⁇ m.
  • the preparation method before spraying the coating on the surface of the substrate and forming the optical coating primer layer after curing, the preparation method further includes:
  • the spraying paint on the surface of the substrate, and forming the primer layer specifically includes:
  • the thickness of the three primer layers and the color paint layer are both 8-15 ⁇ m;
  • the sanding primer layer specifically includes:
  • the third primer layer is sanded, and the sanding removal amount of the third primer layer is 5-15 ⁇ m.
  • an article of material comprising a substrate, and a coating structure as described above laminated on the surface of the substrate.
  • an electronic product including a casing, the casing being made of the above-mentioned material product.
  • the coating structure of the embodiments of the present application includes an optical coating primer layer, a first optical brightness enhancement film layer, a first optical brightening A transparent protective layer, a second optical brightness enhancement film layer and a second transparent protective layer, by arranging a first transparent protective layer on the first optical brightness enhancement film layer, and arranging a second optical protective layer on the first transparent protective layer
  • the brightness enhancement film layer can make up for the loss of gloss caused by the covering of the first transparent protective layer, and better present a high-bright ceramic texture; at the same time, after part of the second optical brightness enhancement film layer is worn, due to the first
  • the brightening effect of the optical brightness enhancement film layer can weaken the visual difference between the worn area and the unworn area, so as to improve the durability and wear resistance of the coating structure.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the coating structure of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coating structure according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coating structure of another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a coating structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the coating structure includes an optical coating primer layer 10 and a first optical brightness enhancement film layer sequentially stacked on the surface of the substrate 200 30 .
  • the first transparent protective layer 50 , the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 and the second transparent protective layer 90 are included in the coating structure.
  • Optical coating refers to the process of coating one (or multi-layer) metal (or dielectric) film on the surface of optical parts.
  • the purpose of coating the surface of optical parts is to reduce or increase the reflection, beam splitting and color separation of light. , filter, polarization and other requirements.
  • Commonly used coating methods include vacuum coating (a kind of physical coating) and chemical coating. Vacuum coating is to vaporize the coating material through a specific heating source in a high vacuum environment, and then deposit it on the surface of the substrate to form a transparent layer. Dielectric film to enhance reflection and brightness and improve visibility.
  • the optical coating primer layer 10 that is, the coating formed by spraying on the surface of the substrate 200 before forming the first optical brightness enhancement layer 30 in the optical coating process, is used to protect the surface of the substrate 200 , and is used for To enhance the adhesion of the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 on the surface of the substrate 200, the thickness thereof is 15-25 ⁇ m.
  • the optical coating primer layer 10 may be an ultraviolet curing (Ultraviolet Curing, UV) paint or a polyurethane (Polyurethane, PU) paint.
  • the optical coating primer layer 10 is a low-molecular-weight UV-curing hardened coating, and also has high hardness and high transparency, for example, its surface hardness is ⁇ 4H and transparency is ⁇ 85%, which satisfies the above hardness and transparency requirements.
  • Existing low molecular weight UV coatings can be used to prepare the first transparent protective layer 50 (for example, acrylic series UV coatings produced by Shenzhen Jiertai Technology can be used).
  • the first optical brightening film layer 30 laminated on the optical coating primer layer 10 has a brightening effect, and has good compatibility with the optical coating primer layer 10. After the two are superimposed, they can show A ceramic texture.
  • the thickness of the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 is 30-200 nm.
  • the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 includes a metal oxide layer, and the metal oxide in the metal oxide layer is selected from at least one of Ti 2 O 5 , ZrO 2 , and SiO 2 , for example, metal oxides
  • the oxide layer is a Ti 2 O 5 layer, or a SiO 2 layer, or a composite layer including a Ti 2 O 5 layer and a SiO 2 layer.
  • the first transparent protective layer 50 covers the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 for protecting the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 .
  • the setting of the first transparent protective layer 50 can be the same as that of the optical coating primer layer 10, or it can be different. Transparency, thickness is 15-25 ⁇ m.
  • the brightness enhancement effect of the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 will cause a certain loss due to the coverage of the first transparent protective layer 50. Therefore, in this embodiment, a second optical brightness enhancement layer is also stacked on the first transparent protective layer 50.
  • the film layer 70 is used to make up for the loss of gloss due to the covering of the first transparent protective layer 50 .
  • the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 and the first transparent protective layer 50 also have good compatibility.
  • the thickness of the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 is 30-200 nm. Similar to the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30, the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 includes a metal oxide layer, and the metal oxide in the metal oxide layer is selected from at least one of Ti 2 O 5 , ZrO 2 , and SiO 2 kind.
  • the setting of the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 may be the same as that of the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30, or it may be different, for example, the thickness of the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 is 50 nm, and the The thickness of the two optical brightness enhancement layers 30 is 100 nm; for another example, the first optical brightness enhancement layer 30 is a SiO 2 layer, and the second optical brightness enhancement layer 70 is a composite layer including a Ti 2 O 5 layer and a SiO 2 layer.
  • the second transparent protective layer 90 covers the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 for protecting the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 and exhibits the ceramic-like effect of the coating structure to the greatest extent. In practical applications, even if part of the second transparent protective layer 90 on the outermost surface is worn, causing the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 to be worn away, because there is still a first optical brightness enhancement film under the first transparent protective layer 50 Layer 30, the wear and unworn areas are also visually indistinguishable, thereby increasing the durability and wear resistance of the coating structure.
  • the second transparent protective layer 90 may employ an AF coating.
  • the second transparent protective layer 90 is a modified silicone coating with dual functions of penetration and coverage.
  • the modified silicone coating is prepared by using perfluoropolyether and silane coupling agent as main raw materials, and the dosage ratio of perfluoropolyether and silane coupling agent is about 1:2.
  • the main chain of the perfluoropolyether is composed of the ether chain of —CF 2 —O—CF 2 —.
  • the adhesion of the modified silicone coating on the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 is significantly improved, for example, the adhesion of the above-mentioned AF coating is improved by 2 times.
  • the thickness of the modified silicone coating is 3-15 ⁇ m, which can well protect the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 without affecting the original gloss of the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 .
  • the thickness of the AF coating or PU/UV coating is mostly less than 3 ⁇ m. Therefore, compared with the existing protective coating, the modified silicone coating in this embodiment has more excellent wear resistance.
  • the coating structure of this embodiment includes an optical coating primer layer 10, a first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30, a first transparent protective layer 50, and a second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 sequentially stacked on the surface of the substrate and the second transparent protective layer 90, by arranging the first transparent protective layer 50 on the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30, and disposing the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 on the first transparent protective layer 50, it can compensate
  • the gloss is lost due to the covering of the first transparent protective layer 50, and the high-brightness ceramic texture is better presented; at the same time, after part of the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 is worn,
  • the brightening effect of 30 can weaken the visual difference between the worn area and the unworn area, so as to improve the durability and wear resistance of the coating structure.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a coating structure, which is different from the above-mentioned embodiment in that, in the coating structure, the hardness of the first transparent protective layer 50 is greater than that of the optical coating primer layer 10 . Hardness, because of its high cross-linking density, it is difficult to firmly bond with the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 and the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70. Therefore, the coating structure also includes a first connection coating 40 and a second optical brightness enhancement film. Two connecting coatings 60, the first connecting coating 40 is laminated between the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 and the first transparent protective layer 50, and the second connecting coating 60 is laminated and disposed between the first transparent protective layer 50 and the first transparent protective layer 50. Between the two optical brightness enhancement layers 70 , the first connection coating 40 and the second connection coating 60 are used to enhance the first optical brightness enhancement layer 30 , the first transparent protective layer 50 and the second optical brightness enhancement layer 70 the bond between the three.
  • the first connection coating 40 and the second connection coating 60 are both epoxy acrylic resin layers, and the raw materials mainly include acrylic synthetic resin, epoxy resin, curing agent and diluent, and the diluent can be two.
  • a mixed solvent of toluene and cyclohexane is mainly included in the first connection coating 40 and the second connection coating 60.
  • the thickness of the first connection coating 40 and the second connection coating 60 is preferably 5-10 ⁇ m, because the epoxy acrylic resin layer has better adhesion properties, its thickness can be higher than that of the optical coating primer layer 10 and the first transparent protection layer.
  • the thickness of layer 50 is low.
  • the first connecting coating 40 is arranged between the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 and the first transparent protective layer 50
  • the first connection coating layer 40 is arranged between the first transparent protective layer 50 and the second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 .
  • a coating with higher hardness can be used as the first transparent protective layer 50, which can better protect the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 and further improve the durability and wear resistance of the coating structure.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides another coating structure, which is different from the above-mentioned embodiment in that the coating structure further includes a primer layer 100 and a color paint layer 110 sequentially stacked on the surface of the substrate 200 , the optical coating primer layer 10 is laminated on the color paint layer 110 , and the optical coating primer layer 10 is mainly used to enhance the adhesion of the first optical brightening film layer 30 on the surface of the substrate 200 .
  • the primer layer 100 is directly formed on the surface of the substrate 200 to protect the surface of the substrate 200 and to enhance the adhesion of the color paint layer 30 on the surface of the substrate 200 .
  • the primer layer 100 includes a first primer layer 101, a second primer layer 102 and a third primer layer 103, a first primer layer 101, a second primer layer 102, and a third primer layer
  • the paints used in the three layers 103 may be partially or totally the same, or may be partially or totally different.
  • the adhesion of the paint used in the first primer layer 101 on the surface of the substrate 200 is greater than the adhesion of the second primer layer 102 on the surface of the substrate 200, and the second primer layer 102 and the third primer layer 102.
  • the paint used in 103 is the same, that is, the primer layer 100 can be regarded as including only the first and second primer layers, so that the first primer layer 101 is used as a connecting primer, which can improve the performance of the entire primer layer 100.
  • the thicknesses of the first primer layer 101 , the second primer layer 102 , and the third primer layer 103 are all 8-15 ⁇ m, so as to ensure that the primer layer 100 can reach a certain hardness.
  • the thicknesses of the first primer layer 101 , the second primer layer 102 , and the third primer layer 103 may be partially or totally the same, or may be partially or totally different, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the surface of the primer layer 100 away from the surface of the substrate 200 may be polished.
  • the surface of the third primer layer 103 may be polished.
  • the grinding removal is 5-15 ⁇ m.
  • the color paint layer 110 is used to make the coating structure present a certain color as a whole, for example, blue-violet, champagne or orange-red, etc.
  • the color paint layer 110 is selected from the paint model of the second primer layer 102 or the third primer layer 103 Paints with the same or similar paint properties to better adhere to the third primer layer 103 .
  • the thickness of the color paint layer 110 is 8-15 ⁇ m. It can be understood that, in some embodiments, the coating structure may not include the color paint layer 110 , and the primer layer 100 may have its own color, or the color to be displayed is the natural color of the substrate 200 .
  • the optical coating primer layer 10 plays the role of connecting the color paint layer 110 (or the primer layer 100 ) and the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 , increasing the distance between the color paint layer 110 and the first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30 . Binding force.
  • Optical coating primer layer 10, first optical brightness enhancement film layer 30, first connection coating 40, first transparent protective layer 50, first connection coating 60, second optical brightness enhancement film layer 70 and second transparent protection The setting of the layer 90 is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, and is not repeated here.
  • the appearance of the substrate 200 can be varied; wherein, the primer layer 100 includes a first primer layer 101, a second primer layer
  • the paint layer 102 and the third primer layer 103 can better protect the surface of the substrate 200 and improve the adhesion of the entire primer layer 100 on the surface of the substrate 200 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for preparing the above coating structure, as shown in FIG. 4 , the method includes the following steps:
  • a second transparent protective layer is formed on the second optical brightness enhancement film layer.
  • metal substrates or plastic substrates are used.
  • metal substrates eg, aluminum alloys
  • sandpaper can be used. Grind the broken seam of the antenna combined with aluminum and plastic, and do E treatment; for the plastic substrate, sandpaper can be used to polish the injection molding parting line.
  • the adhesion of the paint used in the first primer layer on the surface of the substrate is greater than the adhesion of the second primer layer on the surface of the substrate, and the second primer layer and the third primer
  • the paint used for the paint coat is the same, while the thickness of the three primer coats can be the same or different.
  • the three primer layers are all cured by heating, and the baking conditions are all 110-130°C and 15-30min.
  • the third primer layer can also be sanded with sandpaper, for example, by 800# sponge sandpaper + 1500# sandpaper, after sanding, the thickness of the third primer layer is partially removed or All removed.
  • the color paint is selected from the paint with the same type or similar paint performance as the paint used in the second primer layer or the third primer layer.
  • the optical coating primer layer is a coating formed by spraying on the surface of the substrate 200 before forming the first optical brightness enhancement film layer through the optical coating process, and is used to enhance the first optical brightness enhancement film layer. Adhesion on the substrate surface.
  • the first optical coating primer layer is a low molecular weight UV-curable hardened coating with high hardness and high transparency, its surface hardness is ⁇ 4H, and its transparency is ⁇ 85%.
  • the first optical brightness enhancement film layer may be formed on the optical coating primer layer by sputtering or evaporation.
  • the first optical brightness enhancement film layer includes a metal oxide layer, and the metal oxide in the metal oxide layer is selected from at least one of Ti 2 O 5 , ZrO 2 , and SiO 2 .
  • the first connection coating can be formed on the first optical brightness enhancement film layer by spraying, vapor deposition and coating.
  • the first connecting coating is an epoxy acrylic resin layer.
  • the first transparent protective layer can be formed by spraying, vapor deposition and coating on the first connecting coating, and the hardness of the first transparent protective layer is greater than that of the optical coating primer layer.
  • a second connection coating can be formed on the first transparent protective layer by spraying, vapor deposition, or coating, and the second connection coating is an epoxy acrylic resin layer.
  • a second optical brightness enhancement film layer can be formed on the second connection coating layer by sputtering or evaporation; the second optical brightness enhancement film layer includes a metal oxide layer, and the metal oxide layer The metal oxide in the layer is selected from at least one of Ti 2 O 5 , ZrO 2 , and SiO 2 .
  • the second transparent protective layer can be formed on the second optical brightness enhancement film layer by spraying, vapor deposition, coating or the like.
  • the second transparent protective layer is a modified silicone coating comprising a compound whose molecular formula is shown by the following chemical structural formula:
  • Its thickness is 3-15 ⁇ m.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a material product, including a substrate and the above coating structure laminated on the surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate includes a metal substrate or a plastic substrate.
  • the implementation of the present application also provides an electronic product, including a casing, and the casing is made of the above material product.
  • the electronic products may be mobile phones, tablet computers, smart watches, and the like.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种涂层结构及其制备方法、包括该涂层结构的材料制品和电子产品。该涂层结构包括依次层叠在基材表面上的光学镀膜底漆层、第一光学增亮膜层、第一透明保护层、第二光学增亮膜层和第二透明保护层。通过上述涂层结构，本申请实施例能够呈现出较好的陶瓷质感，并提升其耐久性和耐磨性能。

Description

涂层结构及其制备方法、材料制品和电子产品
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202010753836.4、申请日为2020年07月30日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及材料加工技术领域，特别是涉及一种涂层结构及其制备方法、包括该涂层结构的材料制品和电子设备。
背景技术
随着生产工艺的不断进步和人们对电子产品个性化要求的提高，除了电子产品的硬件规格，电子产品的外观设计也是影响用户体验的因素之一。例如，用户都希望手机上使用的壳体不仅外观精美，还可兼具耐磨、防摔、抗腐蚀等优点。
相关技术中，为保持光学镀膜层的耐久性和耐磨性能，常用的增亮工艺都是做在基材的内表面，同时对基材的外观面做硬化处理或者加镀一层AF涂层。因光学镀膜层位于基材的内表面，对于基材的整体外观表现力有一定损伤，难以满足高端手机的装饰要求。
发明内容
本申请实施例主要解决的技术问题是提供一种涂层结构及其制备方法、应用该涂层结构的材料制品和电子产品，能够呈现出较好的陶瓷质感，并提升其耐久性和耐磨性能。
为实现上述目的，本申请实施例采用的一个技术方案是：第一方面， 提供一种涂层结构，包括依次层叠在基材表面上的光学镀膜底漆层、第一光学增亮膜层、第一透明保护层、第二光学增亮膜层和第二透明保护层。
可选地，所述第一光学增亮膜层和所述第二光学增亮膜层均包括金属氧化物层，所述金属氧化物层中的金属氧化物选自Ti 2O 5，ZrO 2，SiO 2中的至少一种；
所述第一光学增亮膜层和所述第二光学增亮膜层的厚度为30-200nm。
可选地，所述光学镀膜底漆层和所述第一透明保护层均为紫外线固化的硬化涂层，且所述第一透明保护层的硬度大于所述光学镀膜底漆层的硬度；
所述涂层结构还包括第一连接涂层和第二连接涂层，所述第一连接涂层层叠设置于所述第一光学增亮膜层和所述第一透明保护层之间，所述第二连接涂层层叠设置于所述第一透明保护层和所述第二光学增亮膜层之间。
可选地，所述第一连接涂层和第二连接涂层均为环氧丙烯酸树脂层；
所述第一连接涂层和第二连接涂层的厚度为5-10μm。
可选地，所述第二透明保护层为改性有机硅涂层，所述改性有机硅涂层包括分子式为下述化学结构式所示的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2021108739-appb-000001
式中-SiOR表示硅烷氧基；
所述改性有机硅涂层的厚度为3-15μm。
在一些实施例中，涂层结构还包括依次层叠在所述基材表面上的底漆层和色漆层，所述光学镀膜底漆层层叠于所述色漆层之上；
其中，在所述色漆层层叠于所述底漆层上之前，所述底漆层的厚度通过打磨被部分去除。
在一些实施例中，所述底漆层包括第一底漆层、第二底漆层和第三底 漆层，所述色漆层层叠于所述第三底漆层之上；
所述第一底漆层、所述第二底漆层、所述第三底漆层和所述色漆层的厚度均为8-15μm，且所述第三底漆层的打磨去除量为5-15μm。
第二方面，提供一种如上所述的涂层结构的制备方法，包括：
将涂料喷涂在所述基材表面上，固化后形成所述光学镀膜底漆层；
通过光学镀膜工艺在所述光学镀膜底漆层上形成所述第一光学增亮膜层；
在所述第一光学增亮膜层上形成所述第一透明保护层；
通过光学镀膜工艺在所述第一透明保护层上形成所述第二光学增亮膜层；
在所述第二光学增亮膜层上形成所述第二透明保护层。
可选地，所述第一光学增亮膜层和所述第二光学增亮膜层均包括金属氧化物层，所述金属氧化物层中的金属氧化物选自Ti 2O 5，ZrO 2，SiO 2中的至少一种；
所述第一光学增亮膜层和所述第二光学增亮膜层的厚度为30-200nm。
可选地，所述光学镀膜底漆层和所述第一透明保护层均为紫外线固化的硬化涂层，且所述第一透明保护层的硬度大于所述光学镀膜底漆层的硬度；
在所述第一光学增亮膜层上形成所述第一透明保护层之前，制备方法还包括：
在所述第一光学增亮膜层上形成第一连接涂层；
在所述第一光学增亮膜层上形成所述第一透明保护层之后，制备方法还包括：
在所述第一透明保护层上形成第二连接涂层。
可选地，所述第一连接涂层和第二连接涂层均为环氧丙烯酸树脂层；
所述第一连接涂层和第二连接涂层的厚度为5-10μm。
可选地，所述第二透明保护层为改性有机硅涂层，所述改性有机硅涂层包括分子式为下述化学结构式所示的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2021108739-appb-000002
式中-SiOR表示硅烷氧基；
所述改性有机硅涂层的厚度为3-15μm。
在一些实施例中，在将涂料喷涂在所述基材表面上，固化后形成所述光学镀膜底漆层之前，制备方法还包括：
在所述基材的表面上喷涂油漆，形成底漆层；
打磨底漆层；
在底漆层上喷涂色漆，形成色漆层。
在一些实施例中，所述在所述基材的表面上喷涂油漆，，形成底漆层具体包括：
在所述基材的表面上喷涂三次油漆，形成第一底漆层、第二底漆层和第三底漆层，所述第一底漆层、所述第二底漆层、所述第三底漆层和所述色漆层的厚度均为8-15μm；
所述打磨底漆层具体包括：
打磨所述第三底漆层，且所述第三底漆层的打磨去除量为5-15μm。
第三方面，提供一种材料制品，包括基材，以及层叠在基材表面上的如上所述的涂层结构。
第四方面，提供一种电子产品，包括壳体，所述壳体由如上所述的材料制品制造。
本申请实施例的有益效果是：区别于现有技术的情况，，本申请实施例的涂层结构包括依次层叠在基材表面上的光学镀膜底漆层、第一光学增亮膜层、第一透明保护层、第二光学增亮膜层和第二透明保护层，通过在第 一光学增亮膜层之上设置第一透明保护层，以及在第一透明保护层之上设置第二光学增亮膜层，能够弥补因第一透明保护层的覆盖造成的光泽损耗，并更好地呈现出高亮的陶瓷质感；同时，在部分第二光学增亮膜层被磨损后，由于第一光学增亮膜层的增亮效果，能够弱化磨损区域和未磨损区域在视觉上的差异也不明显，从而提升涂层结构的耐久性和耐磨性能。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例的涂层结构的示意图；
图2是本申请另一实施例的涂层结构的示意图；
图3是本申请又一实施例的涂层结构的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例的涂层结构的制备方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本申请，下面结合附图和具体实施例，对本申请进行更详细的说明。除非另有定义，本说明书所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。
需要说明的是，当元件被表述“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。当一个元件被表述“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。本说明书所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
实施例1
本申请实施例提供一种应用于基材表面的涂层结构，请参阅图1，该涂层结构包括依次层叠在基材200表面上的光学镀膜底漆层10、第一光学增亮膜层30、第一透明保护层50、第二光学增亮膜层70和第二透明保护层90。
光学镀膜是指在光学零件表面上镀上一层(或多层)金属(或介质)薄膜的工艺过程，在光学零件表面镀膜的目的是为了达到减少或增加光的反射、分束、分色、滤光、偏振等要求。常用的镀膜法有真空镀膜(物理镀膜的一种)和化学镀膜，真空镀膜是在高度真空的环境下，通过特定的加热源将镀膜材气化，然后沉积在基材表面，形成一层透明介质膜，以增透增亮，提高视觉性。
光学增亮膜，即通过光学镀膜工艺在基材表面形成的透明介质膜。本实施例中，光学镀膜底漆层10，即在光学镀膜工艺形成第一光学增亮膜层30之前喷涂在基材200表面上形成的涂层，用于保护基材200表面，以及用于增强第一光学增亮膜层30在基材200表面的附着力，其厚度为15-25μm。具体地，光学镀膜底漆层10可以为紫外光固化(Ultraviolet Curing，UV)漆或聚氨酯(Polyurethane，PU)漆。
在一些实施方式中，光学镀膜底漆层10为低分子量的紫外光固化硬化涂层，还具有高硬度和高透明度，例如，其表面硬度≥4H，透明度≥85％，满足上述硬度和透明度的现有低分子量UV涂料均可用于制备该第一透明保护层50(例如，可以采用深圳杰尔泰科技生成的丙烯酸系列的UV涂料)。
层叠在光学镀膜底漆层10之上的第一光学增亮膜层30具有增亮的效果，而且与光学镀膜底漆层10之间具有较好的相融性，二者叠加后，可呈现出陶瓷质感。
第一光学增亮膜层30的厚度为30-200nm。在一些实施方式中，第一光学增亮膜层30包括金属氧化物层，金属氧化物层中的金属氧化物选自Ti 2O 5，ZrO 2，SiO 2中的至少一种，例如，金属氧化物层为Ti 2O 5层，或者为SiO 2层，或者为包括Ti 2O 5层和SiO 2层复合层。
第一透明保护层50覆盖在第一光学增亮膜层30上，用于保护第一光学增亮膜层30。第一透明保护层50的设置可以与光学镀膜底漆层10的设置一样，也可以不一样，例如，第一透明保护层50也为低分子量的紫外光 固化硬化涂层，具有高硬度和高透明度，厚度为15-25μm。
第一光学增亮膜层30的增亮效果会因第一透明保护层50的覆盖产生一定的损耗，因而在本实施例中，第一透明保护层50之上还层叠有第二光学增亮膜层70，以弥补由于第一透明保护层50的覆盖导致的光泽损耗。同样地，第二光学增亮膜层70与第一透明保护层50之间也具有较好的相融性，第一光学增亮膜层30、第一透明保护层50、第二光学增亮膜层70三者叠加后，更能呈现出高亮的陶瓷质感。
第二光学增亮膜层70的厚度为30-200nm。与第一光学增亮膜层30类似，第二光学增亮膜层70包括金属氧化物层，金属氧化物层中的金属氧化物选自Ti 2O 5，ZrO 2，SiO 2中的至少一种。可以理解的是，第二光学增亮膜层70的设置可以与第一光学增亮膜层30的设置一样，也可以不一样，例如，第一光学增亮膜层30的厚度为50nm，第二光学增亮膜层30的厚度为100nm；又如，第一光学增亮膜层30为SiO 2层，第二光学增亮膜层70为包括Ti 2O 5层和SiO 2层复合层。
第二透明保护层90覆盖在第二光学增亮膜层70上，用于保护第二光学增亮膜层70上，并最大程度的呈现出涂层结构的类陶瓷效果。在实际应用中，即使最外表面的部分第二透明保护层90被磨损，导致第二光学增亮膜层70被磨损，由于在第一透明保护层50之下还有第一光学增亮膜层30，磨损区域和未磨损区域在视觉上的差异也不明显，从而可提升涂层结构的耐久性和耐磨性能。
在一些实施方式中，第二透明保护层90可以采用AF涂层。
在一些实施方式中，第二透明保护层90为改性有机硅涂层，具有渗透和覆盖的双重作用。该改性有机硅涂层以全氟聚醚和硅烷偶联剂为主原料制备得到，且全氟聚醚和硅烷偶联剂二者的用量比约为1:2。其中，全氟聚醚的主链由—CF 2—O—CF 2—的醚链构成，加入硅烷偶联剂(分子通式为R 3-Si-Y，R表示可水解的基团)后，通过反应可在其主链上增加两个C-Si 键，合成分子式为下述化学结构式所示的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2021108739-appb-000003
通过上述改性，显著提升了改性有机硅涂层在第二光学增亮膜层70上的附着力，例如，比上述AF涂层附着力提升了2倍。
改性有机硅涂层的厚度为3-15μm，在不影响第二光学增亮膜层70的原始光泽的情况下，能够很好地保护第二光学增亮膜层70，，而现有常用的AF涂层或PU/UV涂层，其厚度大都小于3μm，因此，本实施方式中的改性有机硅涂层与现有保护涂层相比，更具优异的耐磨性。
综上，本实施例的涂层结构包括依次层叠在基材表面上的光学镀膜底漆层10、第一光学增亮膜层30、第一透明保护层50、第二光学增亮膜层70和第二透明保护层90，通过在第一光学增亮膜层30之上设置第一透明保护层50，以及在第一透明保护层50之上设置第二光学增亮膜层70，能够弥补因第一透明保护层50的覆盖造成的光泽损耗，并更好地呈现出高亮的陶瓷质感；同时，在部分第二光学增亮膜层70被磨损后，由于第一光学增亮膜层30的增亮效果，能够弱化磨损区域和未磨损区域在视觉上的差异也不明显，从而提升涂层结构的耐久性和耐磨性能。
实施例2
请参阅图2，本申请实施例还提供一种涂层结构，与上述实施例的不同之处在于，在该涂层结构中，第一透明保护层50的硬度大于光学镀膜底漆层10的硬度，因其交联密度大，难以与第一光学增亮膜层30、以及第二光学增亮膜层70之间稳固结合，因此，该涂层结构还包括第一连接涂层40和第二连接涂层60，第一连接涂层40层叠设置于第一光学增亮膜层30和第一透明保护层50之间，第二连接涂层60层叠设置于第一透明保护层50和第二光学增亮膜层70之间，第一连接涂层40和第二连接涂层60用于增 强第一光学增亮膜层30、第一透明保护层50以及第二光学增亮膜层70三者之间的结合力。
在一实施方式中，第一连接涂层40和第二连接涂层60均为环氧丙烯酸树脂层，其原料主要包括丙烯酸合成树脂、环氧树脂、固化剂和稀释剂，稀释剂可以为二甲苯和环己烷组成的混合溶剂。
第一连接涂层40和第二连接涂层60的厚度优选为5-10μm，因环氧丙烯酸树脂层具有较好的粘接性能，其厚度可以较光学镀膜底漆层10和第一透明保护层50的厚度低。
本实施例通过在第一光学增亮膜层30和第一透明保护层50之间设置第一连接涂层40，在第一透明保护层50和第二光学增亮膜层70之间设置第二连接涂层60，可以采用硬度更大的涂层作为第一透明保护层50，能够更好地保护第一光学增亮膜层30，进一步提升涂层结构的耐久性和耐磨性能。
实施例3
请参阅图3，本申请实施例提供又一种涂层结构，与上述实施例的不同之处在于该涂层结构还包括依次层叠在基材200表面上的底漆层100和色漆层110，光学镀膜底漆层10层叠于色漆层110之上，光学镀膜底漆层10主要用于增强第一光学增亮膜层30在基材200表面的附着力。
底漆层100直接形成于基材200表面，用于保护基材200表面，以及用于增强色漆层30在基材200表面的附着力。在一实施方式中，底漆层100包括第一底漆层101、第二底漆层102和第三底漆层103，第一底漆层101、第二底漆层102、第三底漆层103三者所用的油漆可以部分或全部相同，也可以部分或全部不相同。
可选地，第一底漆层101所用的油漆在基材200表面的附着力大于第二底漆层102在基材200表面的附着力，且第二底漆层102和第三底漆层103所用的油漆相同，亦即，底漆层100可视为只包括第一和第二两层底漆 层，以使第一底漆层101作为连接底漆，能够提高整个底漆层100在基材200表面的附着力；另一方面，通过设置第一底漆层101、第二底漆层102和第三底漆层103，也提高了整个底漆层100的硬度。
可选地，第一底漆层101、第二底漆层102、第三底漆层103的厚度均为8-15μm，以保证底漆层100可达到一定的硬度。第一底漆层101、第二底漆层102、第三底漆层103三者的厚度可以部分或全部相同，也可以部分或全部不相同，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
为改善底漆层100的橘皮和平整度，可对底漆层100远离基材200表面的一面进行打磨，例如，在上述实施方式中，可对第三底漆层103的表面进行打磨，打磨去除量为5-15μm。
色漆层110用于使涂层结构整体呈现一定的颜色，例如，蓝紫色、香槟色或橙红色等，色漆层110选用与第二底漆层102或第三底漆层103的油漆型号相同或油漆性能相近的油漆，以更好地附着在第三底漆层103上。
可选地，色漆层110的厚度为8-15μm。可以理解的是，在一些实施例中，涂层结构也可以不包括色漆层110，底漆层100可以自带颜色，或者需呈现的颜色即为基材200的本色。
光学镀膜底漆层10起到连接色漆层110(或底漆层100)和第一光学增亮膜层30的作用，增加了色漆层110和第一光学增亮膜层30之间的结合力。光学镀膜底漆层10、第一光学增亮膜层30、第一连接涂层40、第一透明保护层50、第一连接涂层60、第二光学增亮膜层70和第二透明保护层90的设置与上述实施例一样，在此不再赘述。
本实施例通过在基材200表面上的底漆层100和色漆层110，可使基材200的外观呈现出多样性；其中，底漆层100包括第一底漆层101、第二底漆层102和第三底漆层103，能够更好地保护基材200表面，以及提高整个底漆层100在基材200表面的附着力。
实施例4
本申请实施例还提供一种上述涂层结构的制备方法，如图4所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
(1)提供并处理基材的表面；
(2)在基材的表面上喷涂三次油漆，分别形成第一底漆层、第二底漆层和第三底漆层；
(3)打磨第三底漆层；
(4)在第三底漆层上喷涂色漆，形成色漆层；
(5)将涂料喷涂在色漆层上，固化后形成光学镀膜底漆层；
(6)通过光学镀膜工艺在光学镀膜底漆层上形成第一光学增亮膜层；
(7)在第一光学增亮膜层上形成第一连接涂层；
(8)在第一连接涂层上形成第一透明保护层；
(9)在第一透明保护层上形成第二连接涂层；
(10)通过光学镀膜工艺在第二连接涂层形成第二光学增亮膜层；
(11)在第二光学增亮膜层上形成第二透明保护层。
其中，在上述步骤(1)中，不同的基材需采用不同的处理方式，可选地，本实施方式采用金属基材或者塑胶基材，对于金属基材(如，铝合金)，可用砂纸打磨铝塑结合的天线断缝，并做E处理；对于塑胶基材，可用砂纸打磨注塑合模线。
在上述步骤(2)中，第一底漆层所用的油漆的附着力在基材表面的附着力大于第二底漆层在基材表面的附着力，且第二底漆层和第三底漆层所用的油漆相同，而三层底漆层的厚度可以相同，也可以不相同。三层底漆层均采用加热固化的方式，烘烤条件均为110-130℃、15-30min。
在上述步骤(3)中，同样地可采用砂纸对第三底漆层进行打磨，例如，通过800#海绵砂纸+1500#砂纸进行打磨，打磨后，第三底漆层的厚度被部分去除或者全部去除。
在上述步骤(4)中，色漆选用与第二底漆层或第三底漆层所用的油漆 型号相同或油漆性能相近的油漆。
在上述步骤(5)中，光学镀膜底漆层为在通过光学镀膜工艺形成第一光学增亮膜层之前喷涂在基材200表面上形成的涂层，用于增强第一光学增亮膜层在基材表面的附着力。可选地，第一光学镀膜底漆层为低分子量的紫外光固化硬化涂层，具有高硬度和高透明度，其表面硬度≥4H，透明度≥85％。
在上述步骤(6)中，可通过溅射或者蒸镀在光学镀膜底漆层上形成第一光学增亮膜层。第一光学增亮膜层包括金属氧化物层，金属氧化物层中的金属氧化物选自Ti 2O 5，ZrO 2，SiO 2中的至少一种。
在上述步骤(7)中，可通过喷涂、蒸镀、涂布在第一光学增亮膜层上形成第一连接涂层。可选地，第一连接涂层为环氧丙烯酸树脂层。
在上述步骤(8)中，可通过喷涂、蒸镀、涂布在第一连接涂层形成第一透明保护层，第一透明保护层的硬度大于光学镀膜底漆层的硬度。
在上述步骤(9)中，同样地，可通过喷涂、蒸镀、涂布在第一透明保护层上形成第二连接涂层，第二连接涂层为环氧丙烯酸树脂层。
在上述步骤(10)中，同样地，可通过溅射或者蒸镀在第二连接涂层上形成第二光学增亮膜层；第二光学增亮膜层包括金属氧化物层，金属氧化物层中的金属氧化物选自Ti 2O 5，ZrO 2，SiO 2中的至少一种。
在上述步骤(9)中，同样地，可通过喷涂、蒸镀、涂布等方式形成在第二光学增亮膜层上第二透明保护层。
在一些实施方式中，第二透明保护层为改性有机硅涂层，包括分子式为下述化学结构式所示的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2021108739-appb-000004
式中-SiOR表示硅烷氧基；
其厚度为3-15μm。
本领域技术人员可以理解，本申请实施例中的涂层结构的实施例(即，产品实施例)与涂层结构的制备方法的实施例(即，方法实施例)基于相同的发明构思，产品实施例中的技术内容同样适用于方法实施例，因此，产品实施例中与方法实施例相同的技术内容在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种材料制品，包括基材和层叠在基材表面上的如上的涂层结构，其中，基材包括金属基材或者塑胶基材。
本申请实施还提供一种电子产品，包括壳体，该壳体由如上的材料制品制造。在实际应用中，电子产品可为手机、平板电脑、智能手表等。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书中给出了本申请的较佳的实施例，但是，本申请可以通过许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本说明书所描述的实施例，这些实施例不作为对本申请内容的额外限制，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本申请的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。并且，上述各技术特征继续相互组合，形成未在上面列举的各种实施例，均视为本申请说明书记载的范围；进一步地，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本申请所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种涂层结构，包括依次层叠在基材表面上的光学镀膜底漆层、第一光学增亮膜层、第一透明保护层、第二光学增亮膜层和第二透明保护层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的涂层结构，其中，
    所述第一光学增亮膜层和所述第二光学增亮膜层均包括金属氧化物层，所述金属氧化物层中的金属氧化物选自Ti 2O 5，ZrO 2，SiO 2中的至少一种；
    所述第一光学增亮膜层和所述第二光学增亮膜层的厚度为30-200nm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的涂层结构，其中，
    所述光学镀膜底漆层和所述第一透明保护层均为紫外线固化的硬化涂层，且所述第一透明保护层的硬度大于所述光学镀膜底漆层的硬度；
    所述涂层结构还包括第一连接涂层和第二连接涂层，所述第一连接涂层层叠设置于所述第一光学增亮膜层和所述第一透明保护层之间，所述第二连接涂层层叠设置于所述第一透明保护层和所述第二光学增亮膜层之间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的涂层结构，其中，
    所述第一连接涂层和第二连接涂层均为环氧丙烯酸树脂层；
    所述第一连接涂层和第二连接涂层的厚度为5-10μm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的涂层结构，其中，
    所述第二透明保护层为改性有机硅涂层，所述改性有机硅涂层包括分子式为下述化学结构式所示的化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2021108739-appb-100001
    式中-SiOR表示硅烷氧基；
    所述改性有机硅涂层的厚度为3-15μm。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的涂层结构，其中，
    还包括依次层叠在所述基材表面上的底漆层和色漆层，所述光学镀膜底漆层层叠于所述色漆层之上；
    其中，在所述色漆层层叠于所述底漆层上之前，所述底漆层的厚度通过打磨被部分去除。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的涂层结构，其中，
    所述底漆层包括第一底漆层、第二底漆层和第三底漆层，所述色漆层层叠于所述第三底漆层之上；
    所述第一底漆层、所述第二底漆层、所述第三底漆层和所述色漆层的厚度均为8-15μm，且所述第三底漆层的打磨去除量为5-15μm。
  8. 一种如权利要求1-7任一项所述的涂层结构的制备方法，包括：
    将涂料喷涂在所述基材表面上，固化后形成所述光学镀膜底漆层；
    通过光学镀膜工艺在所述光学镀膜底漆层上形成所述第一光学增亮膜层；
    在所述第一光学增亮膜层上形成所述第一透明保护层；
    通过光学镀膜工艺在所述第一透明保护层上形成所述第二光学增亮膜层；
    在所述第二光学增亮膜层上形成所述第二透明保护层。
  9. 一种材料制品，包括基材，以及层叠在基材表面上的如权利要求1-7任一项所述的涂层结构。
  10. 一种电子产品，包括壳体，所述壳体由权利要求9所述的材料制品制造。
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