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WO2022002255A1 - Batterie et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Batterie et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022002255A1
WO2022002255A1 PCT/CN2021/104269 CN2021104269W WO2022002255A1 WO 2022002255 A1 WO2022002255 A1 WO 2022002255A1 CN 2021104269 W CN2021104269 W CN 2021104269W WO 2022002255 A1 WO2022002255 A1 WO 2022002255A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
accommodating cavity
battery
filler
battery pack
cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/104269
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王良均
邓春英
马睿飞
Original Assignee
苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010631670.9A external-priority patent/CN114094251A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202021277330.2U external-priority patent/CN212517376U/zh
Application filed by 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 filed Critical 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority to EP21831578.6A priority Critical patent/EP4178019A4/fr
Publication of WO2022002255A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022002255A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/623—Portable devices, e.g. mobile telephones, cameras or pacemakers
    • H01M10/6235—Power tools
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/247—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for portable devices, e.g. mobile phones, computers, hand tools or pacemakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electric tools, in particular to a battery pack and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • a battery pack is generally a battery module composed of multiple cells connected in series or in parallel. Further, a plurality of battery modules can also be connected in series or in parallel to form a battery cell group with a certain voltage and capacity.
  • the cells in the battery pack will generate heat during the discharge process. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, it will affect the normal use of the battery pack, weaken the discharge capacity of the battery pack, shorten the life of the battery pack, and even cause safety accidents.
  • the battery pack it is required to have good heat dissipation performance.
  • one way is to use air to dissipate heat. Specifically, a larger air flow gap is set between the battery cell and the bracket, and a negative pressure air duct communicated with the gap is set in the battery pack.
  • the above-mentioned heat dissipation method for the battery cells not only increases the volume of the battery pack, but also is not conducive to the waterproofing of the battery pack.
  • Another method in the prior art is to dispose a heat absorbing material outside the cell to dissipate heat.
  • the heat-absorbing material is arranged on the periphery of the cell, and at the same time, parts such as a plastic cover gasket need to be added to seal and assemble the heat-absorbing material.
  • the above method has a relatively complex structure as a whole, and the process cost is relatively high.
  • the present invention provides a battery pack and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the heat generated by the discharge of the battery cells can be effectively transferred, thereby increasing the discharge capacity of the battery cells and prolonging the life of the battery cells. Battery pack usage time and service life.
  • a battery pack includes: an electric battery module, including a plurality of electric cells, the electric connection between the electric cells is formed, and each electric cell is provided with an outer side in its longitudinal extension direction; For establishing a mechanical and electrical connection between the power tool and the battery pack; a bracket, an accommodating cavity is formed inside the bracket, and the battery core is at least partially received in the accommodating cavity; a filler, wrapped in the battery core The outer side is located on the inner side of the accommodating cavity, and is used for transferring the heat generated by the battery core to the outside of the accommodating cavity; the outer side surface of the battery core is completely accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and the filler along the The ratio of the length of the cell in the longitudinal direction to the length of the cell is not less than 30%.
  • the setting ratio of the length of the filler along the longitudinal direction of the cell to the length of the cell is not less than 50%.
  • bracket is provided as an integral structure.
  • the bracket includes a first sub-rack and a second sub-rack
  • the accommodating cavity includes a first accommodating cavity provided in the first sub-rack, and a second accommodating cavity provided in the second sub-rack
  • the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity are respectively used for accommodating at least part of the battery cells, and when the first sub-rack and the second sub-rack face each other, the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity communicate with each other
  • the battery can be wrapped along the lengthwise direction of the battery.
  • each battery cell is respectively accommodated in the accommodating cavity that is independent of each other.
  • the accommodating cavity is provided with a sealing member in contact with the outer surface of the cell, and the radial width of the sealing member is greater than or equal to the gap between the outer surface of the electric core and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity.
  • the object is located between the first sub-support or the second sub-support and the sealing member in the longitudinal direction of the cell.
  • the battery cell has a body extending longitudinally, and the body is distributed with positive electrode segments and negative electrode segments along the longitudinal direction, and the filler is arranged on the negative electrode segment and/or the positive electrode segment and the negative electrode segment. inside the gap of the inner wall of the accommodating cavity.
  • the inner wall of the accommodating cavity is protruded with a plurality of positioning pieces extending toward the battery core, and the positioning pieces are in contact with the outer side surface of the battery core.
  • the positioning members extend along the longitudinal direction of the cell, an installation groove is formed between adjacent positioning members, and the filler is arranged in the installation groove.
  • the filler includes at least two different phase change materials, and the melting ranges of the phase change materials are at least partially different.
  • the filler includes a phase change material that is in a solid state at normal temperature, and the phase change material changes form from a solid state to a liquid during an endothermic process, or maintains a solid state.
  • the melting range of the phase change material is between 40°C and 70°C.
  • the material of the filler includes thermally conductive adhesive
  • the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive adhesive is between 1 and 3
  • the thickness of one side of the thermally conductive adhesive is between 0 and 0.5 mm.
  • the first assembly is assembled with the other of the battery core and the bracket to form a second assembly.
  • the battery pack and the manufacturing method thereof provided in the embodiments of the present application, by optimizing the heat dissipation structure of the battery cells, and filling the gap between the battery cells and the bracket with fillers, it can effectively transmit the heat generated by the discharge of the battery cells. heat, thereby increasing the discharge capacity of the battery cell and prolonging the service time and service life of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a single accommodating cavity in a cell, a filler, and a support provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is an A-A cross-sectional view of a single accommodating cavity in the cell, filler and bracket provided in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a single accommodating cavity in a stent provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell, a filler and a single accommodating cavity in a support provided in another embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 6 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a single receiving cavity in the stent provided with filler provided in FIG. 5;
  • Figure 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a single accommodating cavity in the stent provided with filler provided in Figure 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a single accommodating cavity in another stent provided with a filler provided in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a single accommodating cavity in a cell, a filler, and a support provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 10 is an exploded view of a battery pack provided in another embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a single accommodating cavity in the bracket provided with the filler provided by the battery pack in FIG. 10;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the comparison of the temperature rise curves of the cells
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of steps of a method for manufacturing a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • bracket 20, accommodating cavity; 21, first sub bracket; 22, second sub bracket; 220, limit step; 23, positioning piece; 24, installation slot; 241, first installation slot; 242, second installation slot;
  • Air is the bottleneck that hinders the heat transfer of the cell.
  • the air can be reduced by reducing the thickness of the interface to reduce the thermal resistance.
  • the interface roughness is limited by the process and the cell assembly process, the air still exists more or less.
  • the gap between the battery cells and the bracket is filled with fillers, which can effectively transfer the heat generated by the battery cells discharge, thereby increasing the battery cell discharge capacity and prolonging the use of the battery pack. time and service life. Tests show that, through the optimization of the heat dissipation structure of the battery cell in this application, the service life of the battery cell is increased by 25% year-on-year.
  • the battery pack mainly includes: a battery cell 1 , a support 2 , and a battery filled between the battery core 1 and the support 2 .
  • the battery pack may further include an outer shell, and the bracket 2 may be located in the outer shell.
  • the bracket 2 may also serve as a shell in part or in whole, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the housing may include an upper cover 41 and a lower cover 42 that are butted together.
  • the upper cover 41 and the lower cover 42 are butted together, a relatively closed cavity is formed for accommodating the battery cell 1 , the bracket 2 , the circuit board 5 , and the like.
  • the battery cell 1 can be in the shape of a column as a whole, for example, a cylindrical shape.
  • the shape of the battery core 1 can also be adaptively adjusted according to actual needs, for example, it can be a cuboid, or an approximate cuboid, or even other Alien structure.
  • the shape and structure of the battery cell 1 are not specifically limited in the present application.
  • the battery core 1 is mainly described as a cylindrical shape, and the shape of other battery cores 1 can be referred to this application by analogy.
  • the battery cell 1 may include a body extending along the longitudinal direction, and the body has a positive electrode segment and a negative electrode segment distributed along the longitudinal direction.
  • the number of the cells 1 and the series-parallel connection between the cells 1 can be adjusted according to the voltage of the cells 1 itself and different nominal voltages, which are not specifically limited in this application.
  • the battery cells 1 can be connected in series, or in parallel, or a combination of series and parallel to form a battery module through the connecting sheets 11 .
  • the number of the battery modules may be one or two or more.
  • the bracket 2 is mainly used for installing the battery cell 1 , and a plurality of accommodating cavities 20 for installing the battery cell 1 are formed inside the bracket 2 .
  • Each cell 1 is at least partially received in the corresponding accommodating cavity 20 .
  • the battery cell 1 may be partially located in the accommodating cavity 20 ; or, the battery cell 1 may also be entirely located in the accommodating cavity 20 .
  • a filler 3 is provided on the outer side of each battery cell 1 and located inside the accommodating cavity 20 , and the filler 3 is used to transfer the heat generated by the battery cell 1 to the outside of the accommodating cavity 20 . .
  • the battery pack in which the battery cells 1 are assembled through the bracket 2 there are more or less some gaps between the battery cells 1 and the bracket 2, and these gaps are air before the filler 3 is provided.
  • the air has high thermal resistance and small thermal conductivity, about 0.023 (W/m.k), which is a poor conductor of heat.
  • the parameters such as the thermal conductivity and the filling length of the filler 3 can be reasonably set.
  • ⁇ is the thermal conductivity
  • L is the length of the material conduction path (here is the length in the radial direction of the cell in the embodiment)
  • S is the heat transfer area
  • the ratio of the length of the filler 3 along the longitudinal direction of the cell 1 to the length of the cell 1 may not be less than 30%. Further, since the length of the material in the radial direction is longer, the thermal resistance is larger. In order to better ensure the heat exchange effect between the filler 3 and the cell 1 , the length of the filler 3 in the longitudinal direction may be appropriately increased. Specifically, the ratio of the length of the filler 3 along the longitudinal direction of the battery core 1 to the length of the battery core 1 is not less than 50%.
  • the bracket 2 may be an integral bracket; or, in other embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 9 , the bracket 2 may also be a split type bracket.
  • the bracket 2 when the bracket 2 is a split bracket, the bracket 2 may include a first sub-rack 21 and a second sub-rack 22 .
  • the accommodating cavity 20 may include a plurality of first accommodating cavities disposed in the first sub-rack 21 and a plurality of second accommodating cavities disposed in the second sub-rack 22 , the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity.
  • the cavities are respectively used for accommodating at least part of the battery cells 1.
  • the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity correspond one-to-one, and the battery cells are in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the outer side in the longitudinal direction is completely accommodated in the accommodating cavity.
  • the complete accommodating means that the electric core is basically accommodated in the accommodating cavity in its longitudinal direction. It is a case where there are unavoidable gaps caused by assembly gaps or process production. .
  • the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity are communicated with each other and can extend along the longitudinal direction of the cell 1
  • the battery cell 1 is wrapped without any gap in the longitudinal direction. .
  • the battery pack will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and application scenarios.
  • the battery cell 1 has a body extending longitudinally, and positive electrode segments and negative electrode segments are distributed at both ends of the body of the battery core 1 along the longitudinal direction; the filler 3 is arranged on the negative electrode segment and/or inside the gap between the positive electrode segment and the accommodating cavity 20 .
  • the length of the negative electrode segment is greater than the length of the positive electrode segment.
  • the depth of the accommodating cavity of the sub-support disposed outside the negative terminal along the lengthwise direction of the cell 1 is greater than the depth of the accommodating cavity of the sub-support disposed outside the positive electrode segment along the lengthwise direction of the battery cell 1 .
  • the accommodating cavities with different depths may be correspondingly arranged in the first sub-support 21 or in the second sub-support 22 . As shown in FIG. 1 , when the cells 1 are connected in series, first accommodation cavities with different depths may be arranged in the first sub-support 21 at intervals. Similarly, second accommodating cavities with different depths may also be arranged in the second sub-support 22 at intervals.
  • the first accommodating cavity or the accommodating cavity with a longer depth in the second accommodating cavity can be wrapped outside the negative electrode segment by the first thermal conductive glue 31 with zero gap.
  • the first accommodating cavity or the accommodating cavity with a shorter depth in the second accommodating cavity can be wrapped outside the positive electrode segment of the battery cell 1 through the second thermal conductive glue 32 with zero gap.
  • the first thermally conductive adhesive 31 and the second thermally conductive adhesive 32 may be the same or different.
  • the zero-gap wrapping may mean that the inner wall of the bracket 2 (including the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity) can be partially or completely attached to the outer wall of the battery cell 1 (including the negative electrode segment and the positive electrode segment). And the two have no air gap along the radial direction at the fitting position.
  • the bracket 2 is arranged as the first sub-rack 21 and the second sub-rack 2 which are connected to each other is particularly suitable for a scenario where the sizes of the positive electrode segment and the negative electrode segment of the battery cell 1 are different.
  • the positive electrode segment is radially convex relative to the negative electrode segment. If the thermally conductive adhesive is placed in the positive electrode segment, the thermally conductive adhesive is likely to overflow.
  • the negative electrode segment can be inserted into the accommodating cavity of a certain sub-support with a longer depth first, and then the positive electrode segment can be sheathed in another accommodating cavity with a shorter depth of the sub-support.
  • the filler 3 between the positive electrode segment and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 20 can be omitted.
  • the filler 3 outside the positive electrode segment can be omitted. That is to say, the filler 3 may be provided only in the gap between the negative electrode segment and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 20 .
  • the bracket 2 may have a cylindrical wall that matches the basic shape of the battery core 1 .
  • the battery cell 1 and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 20 can be gap-fitted to form a predetermined gap H.
  • the clearance fit is taken as an example for detailed description, and other situations can be referred to by analogy according to the content disclosed in this application.
  • the shape of the accommodating cavity 20 may substantially match the shape of the battery cell 1 .
  • the accommodating cavity 20 of the bracket 2 can be in the shape of a hollow cylinder.
  • the filler 3 is solid and the filler 3 is continuously distributed along the longitudinal direction of the battery cell 1, which is beneficial to both uniform heat exchange.
  • the shape of the accommodating cavity 20 may or may not match the shape of the battery cell 1 .
  • the cross-section of the accommodating cavity 20 can be any regular or irregular shape, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • a gap is left in the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity along the longitudinal direction of the battery cell 1 , and the outer side surface of the battery cell 1 is exposed from the gap.
  • the brackets 2 are discontinuously distributed in the longitudinal direction of the cell 1 .
  • the shape and size of the accommodating cavity 20 can be adaptively adjusted according to whether the filler 3 is filled between the bracket 2 and the battery core 1, and the type of the filler 3, etc. specific restrictions.
  • the bracket 2 when the heat generated by the battery cell 1 needs to be conducted out through the bracket 2 as soon as possible, the bracket 2 can be made of a thermally conductive material, which can conduct the heat on the battery core 1 outward in time.
  • the thermally conductive material can be selected from a material with higher thermal conductivity.
  • the filler 3 is wrapped around the outer side of each battery cell 1 and is located inside the accommodating cavity 20 , so as to transfer the heat generated by the battery core 1 to the accommodating cavity 20 . outside.
  • the thickness of the filler 3 can also be H on one side.
  • the material of the filler 3 may include thermally conductive adhesive or a phase change material or the like. According to the specific form of the material of the filler 3 , the way of transferring the heat of the cell 1 is also different.
  • the filler 3 serves as an intermediate medium for conducting the heat of the battery core 1 to the support 2 .
  • the filler 3 acts as a heat absorption medium for absorbing the heat generated by the battery core 1 .
  • the thermally conductive adhesive when the material of the filler 3 is in the form of thermally conductive adhesive, can be provided by any one of back glue, a glue storage tank on the bracket 2, and secondary injection molding. between the bracket 2 and the battery core 1 .
  • the thermally conductive adhesive can be set in different ways according to the provided form. For example, for the solid flat thermal grease sheet: it can be glued with the battery cell 1 and then inserted into the wall of the bracket 2; for liquid glue, the tape can be squeezed together when the battery cell 1 is loaded To the predetermined gap H, of course, when the predetermined gap H is 0, a space for accommodating liquid glue can also be formed by arranging a glue storage tank on the bracket 2 .
  • the secondary injection molding method is a method of molding a certain plastic raw material in a primary plastic mold, then taking out the molded parts, putting them into the secondary molding mold, and then injecting the same or another plastic material for molding. process, which is the same as the encapsulation process of soft rubber.
  • the thermally conductive adhesive has a relatively high thermal conductivity.
  • the thermal conductivity may be between 1 and 3.
  • the core function of the filler 3 is to discharge the air in the predetermined gap H formed between the cell 1 and the inner wall of the bracket.
  • the thickness of one side of the thermally conductive adhesive is the same as the predetermined gap H.
  • the predetermined gap is set to be greater than 0 and less than 0.5 mm
  • the thickness of one side of the thermally conductive adhesive is also between 0 and 0.5 mm.
  • the predetermined gap H is theoretically half of the difference between the diameter of the receiving cavity 20 of the bracket 2 and the outer diameter of the cell 1, but in actual installation, considering the installation error, there may be a gap on one side A certain deviation may be greater than 0.5 mm.
  • the battery cell 1 may include a body extending along the longitudinal direction, and the body has positive electrode segments and negative electrode segments distributed along the longitudinal direction.
  • the gap formed between the main body of the battery cell 1 and the bracket 2 may include a first gap between the negative electrode segment and the bracket 2 ; at least the first gap is provided with the filler 3 .
  • the battery cell 1 can be divided into a negative electrode segment and a positive electrode segment in its longitudinal direction.
  • the negative electrode segment is a segment of battery cells including a negative electrode
  • the positive electrode segment is another segment of battery cells including a positive electrode.
  • the negative electrode segment is a cylindrical segment with a regular shape and a small diameter, and the radial dimension of the positive electrode segment is larger than the radial dimension of the negative electrode segment.
  • the filler 3 may be provided only in the first gap between the negative electrode segment and the bracket 2 .
  • a plurality of positioning members 23 extending toward the battery cell 1 are protruded from the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 20 .
  • the positioning member 23 is in contact with the outer surface of the cell 1 , and is used for circumferential positioning of the cell 1 .
  • a positioning member 23 may also be provided on the bracket 2 to position the battery cell 1 , and the positioning member 23 can reliably ensure the positioning stability of the battery cell 1 .
  • the positioning member 23 may be a plurality of local rigid ribs disposed at the end of the bracket 2 , and the local rigid ribs may be evenly spaced along the circumferential direction.
  • four local rigid rib plates can be evenly arranged along the circumferential direction.
  • the specific form of the positioning member 23 may be a raised portion of a rigid material that is the same material as the bracket 2 , such as a raised portion of plastic.
  • the positioning member 23 can be in circumferential contact with the cell 1 , so as to reliably position the cell 1 in the circumferential direction.
  • the specific form and material of the positioning member 23 are not limited to the above examples in the specification of this application, and those skilled in the art can also make adaptive adjustments, which are not specifically limited in this application.
  • the material of the filler 3 may include a solid phase change material at room temperature.
  • the normal temperature generally refers to 25 degrees Celsius.
  • the heat discharged from the battery core 1 can be effectively absorbed .
  • the state of the phase change material changes from a solid state to a liquid during the endothermic process; or, the phase change material maintains a solid state during the endothermic process.
  • the filler can be composed of phase change materials with different melting ranges (melting range: the melting point of the phase change material after the organic matter is mixed, the melting point is a temperature range, and the temperature range is called melting range).
  • melting range the melting point of the phase change material after the organic matter is mixed, the melting point is a temperature range, and the temperature range is called melting range).
  • the melting range of the phase change material is between 40°C and 70°C.
  • the battery cell 1 instantly dissipates a large amount of heat when it is discharged with a large current. After testing, it was found that when a certain 18650 cell 1 was discharged at a working current of 30A at room temperature, it only took about 1 minute for the outer surface temperature to change from 60°C to 75°C. If the temperature of the phase transition is closer to the protection temperature of the cell 1 at about 75°C, the heat absorption efficiency is very low, that is, the heat emitted by the high current discharge of the cell 1 cannot be absorbed in time.
  • the comprehensive reference outdoor working environment temperature is around 40°C.
  • one of the melting ranges can be close to the ambient temperature, and the other melting range is lower than the protection temperature of cell 1.
  • the temperature rise curve of the cell 1 is gentler than that of the phase change material with a single melting range, which can delay the arrival of the cell 1
  • the protection temperature can effectively prolong the discharge time of the battery cell 1 .
  • the state of the phase change material changes from a solid state to a liquid during an endothermic process, or maintains a solid state.
  • the phase change material is disposed between the battery core 1 and the support 2 in the form of a full circle wrapping.
  • the wrapping form of the whole circle may specifically be as follows: the phase change material may be in the shape of a ring through the circumferential direction, and is arranged between the battery core 1 and the support 2 with zero gap.
  • the whole wrapping form can effectively ensure the contact area between the cell 1 and the phase change material.
  • the filler may be a phase change material with a single melting range, or a ready-made material formed by mixing at least two melting range phase change materials.
  • the positioning members 23 extend longitudinally along the cell 1 , an installation groove 24 is formed between adjacent positioning members 23 , and the filler 3 is arranged in the installation groove 24 .
  • a longitudinally extending positioning member 23 is provided on the inner wall of the bracket 2 .
  • the positioning member 23 can be used for circumferential positioning of the battery core 1 , and on the other hand, two adjacent positioning members A plurality of isolated installation grooves 24 are formed between the 23 .
  • the phase change material is divided into a plurality of independent heat absorbing regions with a fan shape in cross section, on the one hand, the stability of the phase change material structure can be improved and the phase change material and the battery core can be guaranteed. 1 degree of fit, to prevent the phase change material, especially the brittle phase change material from cracking during use; on the other hand, phase change materials with different melting ranges can be flexibly arranged in different installation grooves Improve the endothermic effect of phase change materials.
  • the filler 3 may include at least two different phase change materials, the melting ranges of the phase change materials are at least partially different, and different phase change materials are arranged in adjacent installation grooves 24 .
  • the installation groove 24 may include: a first installation groove 241 and a second installation groove 242 .
  • the melting range of the phase change material in the first installation groove 241 and the second installation groove 242 is different.
  • the number of the first installation grooves 241 may be multiple, and the number of the second installation grooves 242 may also be multiple.
  • the number of the first installation groove 241 and the number of the second installation groove 242 is three respectively.
  • the first installation grooves 241 and the second installation grooves 242 can be spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cell 1.
  • the heat absorption efficiency can be improved. , in order to improve the endothermic effect of the phase change material and achieve effective control of the temperature rise of the cell 1 .
  • the cell 1 in the case where the state of the phase change material changes from solid to liquid during the endothermic process, the cell 1 cooperates with the bracket 2 to form a sealed cavity for installing the phase change material .
  • the two ends of the phase change material in the longitudinal direction can be sealed by the press fit between the end of the bracket 2 and the battery cell 1, so as to prevent the phase change material from being transformed into a liquid or solid-liquid mixing In the state, a liquid phase change material flows out from the end faces of the two.
  • a sealed cavity may be formed between the cell 1 and the bracket 2 under the action of an axial compression force.
  • the phase change material is arranged in the sealing cavity to achieve sealing.
  • the phase change material is distributed in the negative electrode segment with a smaller diameter.
  • the negative electrode segment corresponds to the first sub-support 21
  • the positive electrode segment corresponds to the second sub-support 2 .
  • the second sub-support 2 The inner diameter of the first sub-support 21 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first sub-support 21 , so that a limit step 220 is formed at the position where the first sub-support 21 and the second sub-support 2 are butted.
  • the cavity thickness of the sealed cavity in which the phase change material is installed is the height of the limiting step 220 .
  • the sealed cavity may be formed by the cooperation of the inner wall of the first sub-support 21 , the outer wall of the cell 1 and the limiting step 220 .
  • a sealing member 6 may be provided at at least one end of the phase change material, or a sealing member 6 may be provided at the butt joint of the first sub-support 21 and the second sub-support 22 .
  • the sealing member 6 may be in the form of an elastic sealing gasket, and its radial width may be equal to or slightly larger than the predetermined gap, so as to effectively seal the phase change material.
  • a circumferential limiter for circumferentially positioning the cell 1 may be formed on the bracket 2 at a position close to the end.
  • the circumferential limiting member may be a first limiting portion 27 formed on the side of the bracket 2 close to the open end 26 .
  • first limiting portion 27 may also be in other forms that can limit the circumferential position of the battery cell 1 , which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the bracket 2 may be formed with a second limiting portion 28 at a position away from the opening end 26 , and the second limiting portion 28 is used for axially positioning the battery cell 1 .
  • the second limiting portion 28 may be a baffle plate provided at the end of the bracket 2 .
  • the bracket 2 can refer to the specific description of the above-mentioned embodiment in which the filler 3 is a thermally conductive adhesive, which will not be repeated in this application.
  • the phase change material in the second sub-support 2 can also be omitted.
  • the bracket 2 is an integral bracket, and the accommodating cavity 20 is enclosed by the inner wall of the bracket 2 and is independent of each other.
  • the bracket 2 may be a hollow cylinder as a whole, one end of the cylinder is provided as an open end 26, and the other end of the cylinder is provided with a second limiting portion 28 for axially limiting the battery core 1.
  • the second limiting portion 28 may be a baffle plate at the end of the bracket 2 , or may be in the form of a limiting step formed inside the bracket 2 to limit the axial position of the cell 1 .
  • the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a battery pack.
  • the manufacturing method includes:
  • Step S11 assembling the filler 3 with one of the battery core 1 and the support 2 in a predetermined manner to form a first assembly;
  • Step S13 Assemble the first assembly with the other of the battery cell 1 and the bracket 2 to form a second assembly.
  • the case where the filler 3 is in a solid state is mainly introduced.
  • the manufacturing method of the battery pack is mainly to inject the filler 3 with one of the battery core 1 and the bracket 2 by means of injection molding, assembling, adhesive backing, etc.
  • One of the phases is assembled to form a first assembly.
  • the first assembly is subsequently assembled with the remaining parts to form a second assembly.
  • the plurality of second assemblies are electrically connected and put into the casing to form a battery pack.
  • the filler 3 can be installed into the first sub-support 21 to form a first assembly; then the cell 1 is inserted into the first assembly; part of the cell 1 is exposed to the first sub-support 21 . Then, the second sub-support 22 provided with the sealing member 6 is sleeved outside the exposed cell 1 to form a second assembly. Subsequently, the plurality of second assemblies are electrically connected and put into the casing to form a battery pack.
  • the manufacturing method of the battery pack has simple process, low manufacturing cost, and high reliability, which is beneficial to improve the performance of the battery pack and reduce the cost of the battery pack at the same time.
  • the manufacturing method can mainly form the filler 3 between the battery cell 1 and the support 2 by means of injection, smearing, or the like.
  • the manufacturing method may include: assembling the battery cell 1 and the support 2 to form a space for filling the filler 3 ; and injecting the liquid filler 3 into the formed space. Subsequently, the plurality of assemblies are electrically connected and put into the casing to form a battery pack.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une batterie et son procédé de fabrication. La batterie comprend : un module de batterie, comprenant plusieurs cellules, les cellules étant électriquement connectées l'une à l'autre, et chaque cellule comprenant une face latérale externe dans la direction d'extension longitudinale de celle-ci ; une portion adaptateur, destinée à établir une connexion mécanique et électrique entre un outil électrique et la batterie ; un support, une cavité de réception étant formée à l'intérieur du support, et les cellules étant au moins partiellement logées dans la cavité de réception ; et une charge, qui enveloppe les faces latérales externes des cellules, est située au niveau d'un côté interne de la cavité de réception et est utilisée pour transférer la chaleur générée par les cellules hors de la cavité de réception. Les faces latérales externes des cellules sont complètement logées dans la cavité de réception, et le rapport de la longueur le long de laquelle la charge est définie dans la direction longitudinale des cellules à la longueur des cellules n'est pas inférieur à 30 %.
PCT/CN2021/104269 2020-07-03 2021-07-02 Batterie et son procédé de fabrication WO2022002255A1 (fr)

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CN202021277330.2 2020-07-03
CN202010631670.9 2020-07-03
CN202010631670.9A CN114094251A (zh) 2020-07-03 2020-07-03 电池包及其制作方法
CN202021277330.2U CN212517376U (zh) 2020-07-03 2020-07-03 电池包

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