WO2021139909A1

WO2021139909A1 - Locking device for locking gates, gate device, and stop device

Info

Publication number: WO2021139909A1
Application number: PCT/EP2020/079713
Authority: WO
Inventors: Philipp KARTHEININGER; Dieter Melder
Original assignee: Klaus Multiparking Gmbh
Priority date: 2020-01-10
Filing date: 2020-10-22
Publication date: 2021-07-15
Also published as: DE102020100420A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a locking device (1) for locking gate elements (54, 55), having a housing (2) and also having a trigger element (3) and a locking element (4) which are coupled kinematically to one another in such a way that the locking element (4) assumes a locking state (SV) when the trigger element (3) is unloaded and assumes an unlocking position (SE) when the trigger element (3) is loaded by a tensile force (F). A lifting element (7) is provided, by means of which the tensile force (F) can be applied or is applied to the trigger element (3). In addition, the invention relates to a gate device (50) having a guide rail (51) on/in which an outer gate element (54) and an inner gate element (55) are guided, and to a stop device (70), each of which has a locking device of the aforementioned kind.

Description

Locking device for locking gates, gate device and

Parking device

The invention relates to a locking device for locking gates according to claim 1, a gate device herewith according to claim 11 and a parking device with such a gate device according to claim 15.

Various gates and locking systems for this purpose are known from the prior art, in particular to secure parking spaces for vehicles against unauthorized access and against external influences. In particular, there are up-and-over, tilting and sectional doors, each of which is moved via a vehicle to open. There are also roller and folding doors that can be rolled up or folded up above the door opening. However, all these solutions require space above the vehicle, both for the end position and in the area through which the door moves. In particular, in multiparking systems for space-saving accommodation of several vehicles, such a space is not available, for example with so-called double parkers, duplex parkers or stack parkers, as described for example in DE 20 2019 100778 U1. This is because at least two vehicles are accommodated one above the other on a single parking space, in particular with the aid of one movable platform. As a rule, one of the two vehicles can always be removed, but the other can only be removed if no second vehicle is parked on the parking space. These stacker parkers are increasingly being used in underground garages in which the usable installation space is fixed. In order to be able to accommodate the largest possible vehicles in a small installation space, the platform should be made as large as possible. Correspondingly little space is available for the door device. Sliding gates that are partially moved horizontally can be used here if a gate segment can be pushed completely sideways out of the access opening, i.e. especially if a second adjacent parking lot can be integrated into the gate system. In the case of single parking spaces, however, this cannot be implemented at all. For comfortable operation, as few movements as possible should be necessary, in particular to operate the door lock and to move the door.

A lock for a sectional door is known, for example, from DE 602006 000 733 T2. This has a lock case and a central bolt.

The object of the invention is to create a technical solution for closing an access opening of a parking space as well as a storage device that take up as little space as possible, allow safe and convenient operation and can be produced inexpensively in large numbers.

Main features of the invention are set out in claims 1, 11 and 15. Refinements are the subject of claims 2 to 10 and 12 to 14.

According to the invention it is provided, inter alia, that a locking device for locking door elements has a housing as well as a release element and a locking element. The release element and the locking element are kinematically coupled to one another in such a way that the locking element assumes a locking state when the release element is relieved and an unlocking position when the release element is loaded with a tensile force, a lifting element being provided with which the tensile force can be applied or applied to the release element is, the tensile force preferably acts geodetically vertically upwards.

This ensures that the locking state is permanently present without an applied actuating force. As a result of the tensile force, on the one hand, the lock can be released and, on the other hand, tension can be applied directly to the housing, which ultimately allows a door element that can be connected to the locking device to be moved along with it. As a result, only one movement action is necessary for unlocking and moving, namely the pulling force.

Optionally, this can be applied manually or by a drive. The The lifting element is preferably designed to be non-rigid. In particular, the lifting element is, for example, a rope, a wire, a chain or, in particular, a roller chain. The lifting element can be connected directly to the triggering element, or a rigid intermediate part is arranged between the non-rigid lifting element and the triggering element.

In a particular embodiment of the locking device, the locking element is moved into a locking position in the locking state or strives (at least) in the direction of this locking position, the locking element in the locking position preferably protruding from a first side of the housing. As a result, the locking element can engage in a counterpart and block a movement of the locking device in the direction of the tensile force. The strut of the locking element is to be understood as a load on the locking element which leads to the locking state, as long as the locking element is not hindered in its movement by third-party parts. This is the case, for example, when individually and distributed locking points are provided on a guide rail. In the locking position, the locking element protrudes from the first side of the housing, preferably transversely to the tensile force. The locking element is preferably arranged to a greater extent in the unlocked position than in the locked position or completely within the housing. Through this position, the locking element releases a movement of the entire locking device in the direction of the tensile force, in particular if there is no longer any engagement with a counterpart that would block this movement.

According to a special embodiment, in the relieved state of the release element, the locking element is put into the locking state by gravitational forces and / or a spring force. As a result, the locking state is maintained even if drives fail or any power supply is interrupted. In the relieved state of the release element, the locking element is preferably held in the locking state essentially by the spring force and additionally by the gravitational forces. The locking state is thus retained even if the spring is damaged. The gravitational forces can act directly on the locking element, for example, or act indirectly on the locking element via the release element.

Furthermore, in the relieved state, the release element can be held in the locked state by gravitational forces and / or a spring force. This accordingly ensures that no unlocking takes place in the event of a drive failure or a power interruption. In a special embodiment, the spring force is brought about by a spring, preferably a spiral spring. The spiral spring is preferably pushed onto the locking element. It is thus safely guided and held in position. If a spiral spring is used, its wire diameter should be larger than the distance between the coils. In this way, in the event of a spring break, it is possible to prevent the two fragments from sliding into one another and / or screwing together, so that even then the function of the spring is largely retained. In general, the spring force should be designed such that the spring moves the locking element into the locking position and / or holds it there when the release element is relieved. Furthermore, it is advisable to design the spring force of the spring in such a way that the release element is moved into the unlocking position with the tensile force before the tensile force exceeds the weight of the locking device and any gate elements connected to it. In particular, the spring force of the spring can be designed in this way be that the locking element leaves the unlocked position when the weight of the locking device and any associated elements is undercut by a safety value, in particular, for example, when the locking device or any associated elements strike an object. In other words, the locking element can be extended when there is contact, for example when a door element collides with a person. By designing the spring force based on the weight to be lifted, the counterforce that acts against a door element from below can be defined must until the locking element is set in the locked state. This counterforce is preferably only a fraction of the actual weight of the gate element. This means that there is no need for actively detecting safety edges on the lower edge of a door element. It can optionally be provided that the spring force of the spring is configured to be adjustable. This, for example, with an adjustable spring seat, or washers for the spring seat or simply with a set of replacement springs with different spring force. This allows the spring force to be individually adapted to the weight of a door element.

The locking element is preferably mounted in the housing so as to be linearly displaceable. Such a storage is stable and locked accordingly resistant to unauthorized opening. The optional spring can for example sit on the locking element and be clamped between a spring seat of the locking element and a linear bearing arranged stationary in the housing. In a particular embodiment, the release element is coupled to the locking element via a mechanical transmission. This results in a robust and error-free operative connection for the actuation. In particular, the release element can be a pivotably mounted actuating rocker. With such a force can be deflected in a simple constructive manner, for example from a vertical force direction in a horizontal force direction. Furthermore, the release element can be coupled to the locking element via a link guide. In the simplest case, the backdrop of the link guide is a straight elongated hole.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the locking element strikes a stop in the unlocked position and the tensile force is at least partially introduced into the housing by the release element via the stop. This achieves a defined end position. Additionally or alternatively, the release element can strike a stop in the unlocked position and the tensile force is at least partially introduced into the housing by the release element via the stop. This on the one hand reduces the load on the kinematic coupling between the locking element and the release element, and on the other hand diverts the tensile force for another task, in particular the opening of a door element, namely into the housing as a stable structure that can be fixed to such a door element. Accordingly, the locking element is then not so heavily loaded.

For safety reasons, a supplement is suggested, according to which the locking device has a sensor system or a switch which detects at least one possible position of the locking element, preferably the unlocking position. The detection of this position can be transmitted to a control unit, for example.

In a special design, the housing has a cuboid shape, being longer than high and higher than deep, whereby the housing forms three pairs of side surfaces of different sizes, the largest pair of side surfaces being a front and a back, the medium-sized pair of sides being a top and a bottom, and the smallest pair of side faces forms two opposite end faces. Such a flat housing can be attached to or integrated into a gate element in a particularly compact manner, which as such also usually has a flat, cuboid-like outer contour. For this purpose, the housing should be designed to be at least twice as high as it is deep. There is also a form in which the housing is at least twice as long as it is high.

According to a more detailed embodiment, the locking element is arranged in the area of one of the two end faces. The locking element is thus on one of the smallest two sides and the larger two pairs of sides are available for a stable connection with a gate element. It can be provided that the housing has fastening holes or fastening elements on the underside with which the housing can be fixed to a substrate, in particular to a goal element or its goal profile.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided that the trigger element is arranged in the area of the top of the housing such that it can be actuated from outside the housing. The locking device is therefore particularly suitable for gate elements which are to be pulled upwards, in particular with the tensile force acting on the release element.

The housing preferably forms a storage area for the lifting element in the area adjacent to the triggering element. A section of the lifting element can thus be placed on the storage surface of the housing in the locked state. This ensures that no more pull acts on the release element and the locking element is not held in the unlocked position. In addition, the defined storage ensures that the lifting element performs a defined movement during or before the application of the tensile force until it finally applies the tensile force to the release element.

Furthermore, an emergency release device that can be actuated from outside the housing can optionally be kinematically coupled to the locking element in such a way that the locking element can be moved into an emergency release position by manual actuation of the emergency release device, the emergency release position preferably corresponding to the unlocked position. With this, for example, a trapped person can free himself. To overcome the force acting in the locked state, a lever can be provided for this purpose. The lever can optionally also be positioned at a distance from the housing and interact with the locking element, for example via a wire or Bowden cable.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided that a projection protrudes beyond the housing, this can be replaced in particular in the transverse direction to the locking element and preferably also in the transverse direction to the release element and preferably as a hold-down device and / or as a driver. With this projection, in particular additional gate elements can be actuated, which are mounted adjacent to the housing. The projection can restrict this movement, for example hold it down, or it pulls the additional gate element with it. In particular, the projection should protrude beyond the front of the housing. In addition, the projection in the area of the underside should protrude beyond the front of the housing. As a result, a second door element can be carried along at least almost congruently with the first door element to which the housing is connected. The access opening is released as far as possible. The invention also relates to a door device with a guide rail, an outer door element that is slidably mounted in or on an outer guide of the guide rail, and an inner door element that is slidably mounted in or on an inner guide that runs parallel to the outer guide is, and with a locking device as described above and below. The housing of the locking device is fixed on the inner door element, the locking element being moved into a locking position in the locking state or striving towards this locking position, the locking element in the locking position being in engagement with the guide rail in such a way that the inner door element can be displaced along the displaceable mounting is blocked, and the locking element is arranged in the unlocked position so that a displacement of the inner gate element is enabled along the displaceable mounting.

This creates a very flat door device, the door elements of which are arranged parallel to one another in an open position. A space requirement above a parking space is therefore not necessary, but only in alignment above the door elements. The freedom of movement for opening and closing is also minimal. At the same time, operation is particularly convenient because the pulling force for unlocking can be used directly to move the inner door element. The installation and movement space of the inner and outer door elements is preferably less than 120 mm, more preferably less than 100 mm and particularly preferably less than 80 mm in depth perpendicular to the door elements. The gate device thus hardly restricts an available storage space, for example a parking space for a passenger car. Correspondingly, for example, larger platforms and passenger cars can be accommodated in the storage space.

In a closed position of the door device, the inner gate element should be arranged in a first area of the access opening which is lower than a second area in which the outer gate element is arranged. The outer gate element and the inner gate element should be arranged in an open position of the gate device in a third area of the access opening which is higher than the first and second area.

To achieve the locking position and the locking of the inner gate element, it is advisable to provide at least one latching point along the inner guide in at least one of the guide rails with which the locking element can be brought into engagement. So that the inner door element does not simply fall down in the event of damage to a drive, it is also advisable that several locking points are arranged distributed along the inner guide, with which the locking element in different positions of the inner Gate element can be brought into engagement. The locking points can be recesses, holes, cutouts or hollows. An extension of the locking point in the direction of the inner guide that is larger than required by the locking element, for example elongated holes, is recommended. In this way, the locking element can be brought into engagement with the latching point even at higher speeds of movement of the inner door element. No rest points need to be provided along the outer guide.

Such a gate device is particularly advantageous if the inner and outer guides are geodetically aligned vertically. The inner and outer gate elements are preferably each arranged in a geodetically lower position for closing and can be pulled upwards by a tensile force acting on the release element. The outer gate element is preferably higher than the inner gate element when it is closed. For this purpose, the outer guide can form a lower stop for the outer gate element.

In a variant, the housing sits with its underside on the inner door element. As a result, it sits in the alignment of movement of the inner door element. The inner door element does not have to provide any installation space for the locking device. Rather, it can simply be composed of a frame and a filling, for example. With such a configuration, the frame is also particularly suitable as a solid base for fixing the housing.

A special feature can be that the locking device has a projection that protrudes beyond the housing and is positioned in the lowest position of the inner gate element relative to the outer gate element in such a way that upward displacement of the outer gate element along the displaceable mounting is limited or blocked. In this way, the locking device not only locks the connected inner gate element, but also the outer gate element with the aid of the projection. For this purpose, the projection can, for example, rest against a frame of the outer gate segment on the inside.

In one embodiment, the locking device has a projection which protrudes beyond the housing and is guided up to a driver stop along the outer gate element when the inner door element is displaced, and the outer gate element from a contact between the projection and the driver stop to the Displacement of the inner gate element is coupled. As a result, the inner gate element can take the outer gate element with it when they are at least almost congruent in front of one another. The protrusion can be the same as the protrusion mentioned above. However, it can also be arranged separately from the aforementioned projection. The The driver stop can be arranged or formed on the outer gate element, for example by means of a frame of the outer gate element. The length of the displacement of the inner gate element up to the driver stop along the outer gate element should be at least three quarters of the height of the outer gate element.

Optionally, the gate device can have a sensor or a switch with which the engagement of the locking element in a locking opening in the guide rail can be detected. This ensures that, for example, mechanical movements can be carried out safely behind the door elements, e.g. the movement of vehicle platforms.

The tensile force required to move the locking element from the locking position into the unlocking position is preferably only slightly less than the cumulative weight of the locking device and the inner gate element. Unlocking takes place shortly before the inner door element is even lifted, and an upward contact with the door element leads to the locked state. If this movement of the locking element is detected away from the closed position of the door element, the inner door element can be moved upwards again for safety reasons, in particular automatically, which can be referred to as reversing.

The invention further relates to a parking device for parking objects, in particular vehicles, at least comprising at least one platform with a parking surface, which can be positioned by a movement device relative to an access opening, and a gate device as described above and below, which is arranged in the access opening is. Due to the space-saving gate device according to the invention, a lot of space remains for the platform and objects, in particular vehicles, received on it. The platform with the movement device is preferably driven to be movable in the horizontal and / or vertical direction. A second object can preferably be placed under the platform. The objects are preferably motor vehicles, namely cars or passenger cars.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention emerge from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:

1 shows a sketch of a cross section of a locking device;

2 shows a sketch of a gate device with two such locking devices; 3 shows a schematic diagram of a side view with two gate devices shown side by side; and

4 shows a schematic side view of a parking device with a gate device.

1 shows a sketch of a cross-section of a locking device 1 with a housing 2. In the housing 2, a release element 3 and a locking element 4 are arranged, which are kinematically coupled to one another in such a way that the locking element 4 in the relieved state of the release element 3 has a locking state and when the release element 3 is loaded with a tensile force F, it assumes an unlocking position SE. Insofar as the locking element 4 does not collide with another component in the relieved state, for example a guide rail, the locking element 4 moves into a locking position SV. In the event of a collision, the locking state leads to the locking element 4 jumping into the locking position SV at least at the next opportunity.

The locking device 1 has a lifting element 7 with which the tensile force F can be applied or applied to the release element 3. This unlocking position SE is shown, in which the locking element 4 is drawn further into the housing 2 than in the indicated locking position SV. It can be seen that the locking element 4 protrudes from a first side S1 of the housing 2 in the locking position SV and the unlocking position SE. The release element 3 is arranged completely inside the housing 2 both in the locking position SV and in the unlocking position SE.

The locking element 4 is mounted horizontally and linearly in the housing 2. For this purpose, a front and a rear bearing element 15, 16 are formed in the housing 2. This can be implemented optionally and independently of the further features of the exemplary embodiment. In particular, it is provided here that the front and rear bearing elements 15, 16 are arranged on a U-profile.

A spring 13, namely a spiral spring, which applies a spring force to the locking element 4, is pushed onto the locking element 4. This acts from the unlocked position SE into the locked position SV. The spring 13 sits on the locking element 4 and is clamped between a spring seat of the locking element 4 and a linear bearing, namely the rear bearing element 16, which is fixedly arranged in the housing 2. In the present case, a compressive force of the spring 13 is used, but versions with a tension spring can also be implemented as an alternative. The trigger element 3 is a pivotably mounted actuating rocker. This has two legs, in the connection point of which an axis of rotation relative to the housing 2 is formed. It can be seen that the actuating rocker is oriented in such a way that the gravitational force acting on it presses the locking element 4 into the locking position SV.

The kinematic coupling between the release element 3 and the locking element 4 is established in that the release element 3 is coupled to the locking element 4 via a mechanical gear 6, in particular via a link guide 12 with an elongated hole. For this purpose, a sliding block, for example a bolt, which is guided in the sliding guide 12, is arranged or formed on the locking element 4.

It can be seen that the locking element 4 strikes a stop 5 in the unlocked position SE and the tensile force F from the release element 3 is at least partially introduced into the housing 2 via the stop 5.

The spring force of the spring 13 is designed such that it moves the locking element 4 into the locking position SV and / or holds it there when the release element 3 is relieved. In addition, the spring force of the spring 13 is designed such that the release element 4 is moved with the tensile force F into the unlocking position SE before the tensile force F exceeds the weight of the locking device 1 and any associated (gate) elements. In other words, this first unlocks and then moves the locking device 1. In particular, the spring force of the spring 13 can be designed in such a way that the locking element 4 leaves the unlocking position SE when the weight of the locking device 1 and any associated elements is below a safety value, in particular, for example, when the locking device 1 or any associated elements hit an object. In other words, the locking element 4 can thus be extended when there is contact, for example when a gate element collides with a person. With the aid of the switch 14, this can also be detected and reversing can be initiated.

The housing 2 is cuboid, whereby it is longer than high and higher than deep, whereby the housing 2 forms three pairs of side surfaces S1-S2, S3-S4, S5-S6 of different sizes, with the largest pair of side surfaces S5-S6 having a front side S5 and a rear side S6, the medium-sized pair of side faces S3-S4 forms a top side S3 and a bottom side S4, and the smallest side face pair S1-S2 forms two opposite end faces S1, S2. The housing 2 is more than twice as high as it is deep and more than twice as long as it is high. The locking element 4 is in the range of one S1 of the two end faces S1, S2 arranged. In contrast, the trigger element 3 is arranged in the area of the top side S3 of the housing 2 such that it can be actuated from outside the housing 2. A non-rigid lifting element 7, namely a roller chain, is fixed on the release element 3, with which the tensile force F can be applied to the release element 3 in order to achieve the unlocking position SE. This is possible directly, or a rigid intermediate body is also arranged between the release element 3 and the roller chain. Adjacent to the release element 3, the housing 2 forms a storage surface 9 for the lifting element 7, on which a section of the lifting element 7 can rest in the locking position SV.

Furthermore, an emergency release device 11 that can be actuated from outside the housing 2 is kinematically coupled to the locking element 4 in such a way that the locking element 4 can be moved into an emergency release position SN by manual actuation of the emergency release device 11. The emergency unlocking position SN corresponds to the unlocking position SE shown. The emergency release device 11 can for example have a wire with or without handle (s) or lever (s).

In addition, the locking device 1 has a sensor system, in particular a switch 14, which detects at least one possible position of the locking element 4, preferably the unlocking position SE.

If the illustrated, vertically V acting tensile force F is removed, the release element 3 would be relieved and the locking element 4 would essentially be moved into the locking position SV and held there by the spring force of the spring 13. Due to the kinematic coupling in the relieved state, the release element 3 would also be held in the locking position SV essentially by the spring force.

For assembly, the housing 2 can have fastening holes or fastening elements on the underside S4, with which the housing 2 can be fastened to a substrate, in particular to a gate element.

How this can look can be seen in the sketch of a gate device 50 with two such locking devices 1 according to FIG. This gate device 50 has two opposite guide rails 51, between which an outer gate element 54, which is slidably mounted in an outer guide 52 of the guide rail 51, and between which an inner gate element 55 is slidably mounted in an inner guide 53. The inner guide 53 is formed parallel to the outer guide 52, the inner and outer guides 52 being geodetically vertically V aligned. The housing 2 of the two locking devices 1 is each fixed on the inner gate element 55. For this purpose, the underside of the housing 2 is fastened to the inner door element 55.

In the locking position SV, the locking element 4 is in engagement with the guide rail 51 in such a way that a displacement of the inner gate element 55 along the displaceable mounting is blocked. In the unlocked position SE, the locking element 4 is arranged in such a way that a displacement of the inner gate element 55 along the displaceable mounting is enabled.

According to FIG. 2, the inner and outer gate elements 54, 55 are each arranged in a geodetically lower position in the locking position SV and can be pulled upwards by a tensile force acting on the release element 3. For this purpose, a drive motor, in particular a door drive 56, is seated at the upper end of the door device 1, which drives both lifting elements 7 designed as chains together.

A further technical detail of this gate device 50 can be seen from the schematic sketch according to FIG. 3. This is a projection 10 which can protrude, for example, beyond the housing 2 of a locking device 1, so that it can be used as a hold-down device, as shown in the illustration on the left in FIG. 3. When the inner gate element 55 is locked, the outer gate element 54 cannot be pushed upwards, because it will stick to the projection 10 at the latest.

When the inner gate element 55 is unlocked and pulled upwards, the projection 10 first moves along the outer gate element 54 and then collides with the upper profile of the outer gate element 54, which forms a driver stop 57. The projection 10 acts as a driver from this contact. The inner gate element 55 then pushes the outer gate element 55 upwards with it. The inner and outer door elements finally reach the upper open position shown on the right in FIG. 3. This in particular together and at the same time.

The intended use of this gate device 50 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is a parking device 70 for parking objects, in particular vehicles, according to FIG. 4. This parking device 70 has at least one platform 73 that can be positioned by a movement device 71 relative to an access opening 72 a shelf 74. The gate device 50 is positioned in the access opening 72. The invention is not restricted to one of the embodiments described above, but can be modified in many ways.

For example, the release element 3 can strike a stop in the unlocked position SE and the tensile force F from the release element 3 can be introduced at least partially into the housing 2 via this stop.

All of the features and advantages arising from the claims, the description and the drawing, including structural details, spatial arrangements and method steps, can be essential to the invention both individually and in a wide variety of combinations.

List of reference characters Locking device 57 Carrier stop, housing 70 Shelf device, release element 71 Movement device, locking element 72 Access opening, stop 73 Platform, mechanical gear 74 Shelf, lifting element, Shelf surface F Tensile force, projection H Horizontal direction, emergency release device 51 First side / first end face, link guide 52 Second end face, spring 53 Top side, switch 54 Underside, front bearing element 55 Front rear bearing element 56 back

S1-S2 first pair of side surfaces gate device S3-S4 second pair of side surfaces guide rail S5-S6 third pair of side surfaces outer guide SE unlocking position inner guide SN emergency unlocking position outer door element SV locking position inner door element V vertical direction of door drive

Claims

1.Locking device (1) for locking gate elements (54, 55), with a housing (2), as well as with a release element (3) and a locking element (4), which are kinematically coupled to one another in such a way that the locking element (4) in the relieved state of the release element (3) a locking state and when the release element (3) is loaded with a tensile force (F) it assumes an unlocking position (SE), a lifting element (7) being provided with which the tensile force (F) acts on the Trigger element (3) can be applied or applied.

2. Locking device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking element (4) in the locking state is moved into a locking position (SV) or strives in the direction of this locking position (SV), the locking element (4) in the locking position ( SV) protrudes from a first side (S1) of the housing (2).

3. Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking element (4) in the relieved state of the release element (3) is moved into the locking state (SV) by gravitational forces and / or a spring force.

4. Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking element (4) strikes a stop (5) in the unlocking position (SE) and the tensile force (F) from the release element (3) via the stop (7) ) is introduced into the housing (2).

5. Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a sensor system or a switch (14) which detects at least one possible position of the locking element (4).

6. Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) is cuboid-like, it being longer than high and higher than deep, whereby the housing (2) has three differently sized pairs of side surfaces (S1- S2, S3-S4, S5-S6), the largest pair of side surfaces (S5-S6) having a front side (S5) and a rear side (S6), the medium-sized side surface pair (S3-S4) a top side (S3) and a bottom side ( S4), and the smallest pair of side faces (S1-S2) forms two opposite end faces (S1, S2).

7. Locking device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking element (4) is arranged in the region of one of the two end faces (S1, S2).

8. Locking device (1) according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the trigger element (3) in the region of the top (S3) of the housing (2) is arranged to be actuatable from outside the housing (2).

9. Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an emergency release device (11) which can be actuated from outside the housing (2) is kinematically coupled to the locking element (4) in such a way that the locking element (4) is actuated manually by the Emergency release device (11) can be moved into an emergency release position (SN).

10. Locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a projection (10) protrudes beyond the housing (2), this in particular in the transverse direction to the locking element (4) and preferably also in the transverse direction to the release element (3) and the Projection (10) can preferably be used as a hold-down device and / or as a driver.

11. Gate device (50) with a guide rail (51), an outer gate element (54) which is slidably mounted in or on an outer guide (52) of the guide rail (51), and an inner gate element (55) which is in or is slidably mounted on an inner guide (53) which runs parallel to the outer guide (52), and with a locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

- wherein the housing (2) of the locking device (1) is fixed on the inner gate element (55),

- The locking element (4) in the locking state being moved into a locking position (SV) or striving in the direction of this locking position (SV), the locking element (4) being in engagement with the guide rail (51) in the locking position (SV) that a displacement of the inner gate element (55) along the displaceable mounting is blocked, and the locking element (4) is arranged in the unlocked position (SE) so that a displacement of the inner gate element (55) is released along the displaceable mounting.

12. Gate device (50) according to claim 11, characterized in that the housing (2) sits with its underside (S4) on the inner gate element (55).

13. Gate device (50) according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the locking device (1) has a projection (10) which protrudes beyond the housing (2) and in the deepest position of the inner gate element (55) in such a way to the outer gate element (54) is positioned that a displacement of the outer

Gate element (54) is limited or blocked at the top along the displaceable mounting.

14. Gate device (50) according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the locking device (1) has a projection (10) which extends over the

Housing (2) protrudes and, when the inner gate element (55) is displaced upwards, is guided along the outer gate element (54) as far as a driver stop (57), and the outer gate element (54) from a contact between the projection (10) and the driver stop (57) is coupled to the displacement of the inner gate element (55).

15. Parking device (70) for parking objects, in particular vehicles, at least comprising: at least one platform (73) which can be positioned by a movement device (71) relative to an access opening (72) and has a parking surface (74), and a gate device ( 50) according to any one of claims 11 to 14, which is arranged in the access opening (72).