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WO2021104191A1 - 天线单元及电子设备 - Google Patents

天线单元及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021104191A1
WO2021104191A1 PCT/CN2020/130773 CN2020130773W WO2021104191A1 WO 2021104191 A1 WO2021104191 A1 WO 2021104191A1 CN 2020130773 W CN2020130773 W CN 2020130773W WO 2021104191 A1 WO2021104191 A1 WO 2021104191A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
antenna unit
radiating structure
radiating
metal groove
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/130773
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邾志民
马荣杰
Original Assignee
维沃移动通信有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 维沃移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 维沃移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2021104191A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021104191A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Definitions

  • the embodiment of the present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna unit and electronic equipment.
  • millimeter wave antennas are gradually being used in various electronic devices to meet the increasing use demands of users.
  • millimeter wave antennas in electronic devices are mainly implemented through antenna in package (AiP) technology.
  • AiP technology can be used to integrate the array antenna 11, the radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) 12, and the power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 13 with the working wavelength of millimeter wave.
  • the connector 14 are packaged into a module 10, which may be called a millimeter wave antenna module.
  • the antenna in the above-mentioned array antenna may be a patch antenna, a Yagi-Uda antenna, or a dipole antenna.
  • the antennas in the above-mentioned array antennas are usually narrow-band antennas (such as the patch antennas listed above), the coverage frequency band of each antenna is limited, but there are usually more millimeter wave frequency bands planned in the 5G system, such as 28GHz Mainly n257 (26.5-29.5GHz) frequency band and 39GHz mainly n260 (37.0-40.0GHz) frequency band, etc. Therefore, traditional millimeter wave antenna modules may not be able to cover the mainstream millimeter wave frequency band planned in the 5G system. As a result, the antenna performance of the electronic device is poor.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna unit and an electronic device to solve the problem that the millimeter wave antenna of the existing electronic device covers less frequency bands, resulting in poor antenna performance of the electronic device.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna unit, the antenna unit includes: a metal groove, M power feeding portions arranged at the bottom of the metal groove, and M radiating structures arranged in the metal groove; Wherein, each of the M radiating structures includes a first radiator, a second radiator electrically connected to the first end of the first radiator, and a third radiator electrically connected to the second radiator; and The second end of the first radiator in each radiating structure is electrically connected to different ones of the M power feeders, and the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in a first order, and M is greater than An integer of 1.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including the antenna unit in the above-mentioned first aspect.
  • the antenna unit may include: a metal groove, M power feeding portions arranged at the bottom of the metal groove, and M radiating structures arranged in the metal groove; wherein, in the M radiating structures Each of the radiating structures includes a first radiator, a second radiator electrically connected to the first end of the first radiator, and a third radiator electrically connected to the second radiator; and the first radiator in each radiating structure
  • the second end of a radiator is electrically connected to different feeding parts of the M feeding parts, and the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in a first order, and M is an integer greater than 1.
  • the radiating structure includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator
  • the power feeder transmits an AC signal to the radiating structure
  • the frequency of the electromagnetic wave can also be multiple, so that the antenna unit can obtain a wider bandwidth, so that the frequency band covered by the antenna unit can be increased.
  • the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in the first order, so that the distance between the M radiating structures can be reduced. Therefore, the port isolation of the antenna unit can be improved, and the performance of the antenna unit can be further improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a traditional millimeter wave package antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is one of the exploded views of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a reflection coefficient diagram of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the isolation degree of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is the second exploded view of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is one of the schematic diagrams of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a second schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is one of the radiation pattern diagrams of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is the second radiation pattern diagram of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a bottom view of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 10-millimeter wave antenna module 11—array antenna with working wavelength of millimeter wave; 12—RFIC; 13—PMIC; 14—connector; 20—antenna unit; 201—metal groove; 202— Feeder; 203—radiating structure; 203a—first radiator; 203b—second radiator; 203c—third radiator; 204—target insulator; 204a—first insulator; 204b—second insulator; 30-5G Millimeter wave signal; 4—electronic equipment; 40—shell; 41—first metal frame; 42—second metal frame; 43—third metal frame; 44—fourth metal frame; 45—floor; 46—first Antenna; 47—The first groove.
  • first and second in the specification and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order of objects.
  • first radiator and the second radiator are used to distinguish different radiators, rather than to describe the specific order of the radiators.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to represent examples, illustrations, or illustrations. Any embodiment or design solution described as “exemplary” or “for example” in the embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as being more preferable or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. To be precise, words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to present related concepts in a specific manner.
  • multiple refers to two or more than two, for example, multiple antenna elements refers to two or more antenna elements, etc.
  • AC signal A signal that changes the direction of current.
  • MIMO Multiple-input multiple-output
  • transmitting end that is, the transmitting end and the receiving end
  • signals can be sent or received through multiple antennas at the transmitting end.
  • Relative permittivity A physical parameter used to characterize the dielectric properties or polarization properties of dielectric materials.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna unit and an electronic device.
  • the antenna unit may include: a metal groove, M power feeding portions arranged at the bottom of the metal groove, and M radiating structures arranged in the metal groove; wherein ,
  • Each of the M radiating structures includes a first radiator, a second radiator electrically connected to the first end of the first radiator, and a third radiator electrically connected to the second radiator; and
  • the second end of the first radiator in each radiating structure is electrically connected to different ones of the M power feeders, and the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in a first order, and M is greater than An integer of 1.
  • the radiating structure includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator
  • the power feeder transmits an AC signal to the radiating structure
  • the frequency of the electromagnetic wave can also be multiple, so that the antenna unit can obtain a wider bandwidth, so that the frequency band covered by the antenna unit can be increased.
  • the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in the first order, so that the distance between the M radiating structures can be reduced. Therefore, the port isolation of the antenna unit can be improved, and the performance of the antenna unit can be further improved.
  • the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to electronic devices, and may also be applied to other devices that need to use the antenna unit, and may be specifically determined according to actual use requirements, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention will be exemplarily described below by taking the antenna unit applied to an electronic device as an example.
  • the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention will be exemplarily described below with reference to the various drawings.
  • the antenna unit 20 may include a metal groove 201, M power feeding parts 202 arranged at the bottom of the metal groove 201, and M radiating structures 203 arranged in the metal groove 201.
  • each of the M radiating structures (hereinafter referred to as each radiating structure) 203 may include a first radiator 203a, a second radiator 203b electrically connected to the first end of the first radiator 203a, and The third radiator 203c is electrically connected to the second radiator 203b; and the second end of the first radiator 203a in each radiating structure can be electrically connected to different ones of the above-mentioned M feeders, and
  • the M radiating structures may be arranged around the metal groove 201 in a first order, and M is an integer greater than one.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the antenna unit, that is, the component parts of the antenna unit are all in a separated state.
  • the above-mentioned M power feeders and M radiating structures can all be arranged in the metal groove, that is, the metal groove, M power feeders and M radiating structures form a whole to form an embodiment of the present invention. Provided antenna unit.
  • the second end of the first radiator 203a and the feeder 202 are not shown in an electrically connected state.
  • the second end of the first radiator 203a can be electrically connected with the feeder 202. .
  • the above-mentioned first order may be a clockwise order or a counterclockwise order. Specifically, it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • the foregoing M radiating structures are four radiating structures (the structures of the four radiating structures may be the same),
  • the four radiating structures can be from the first end of the first radiator in the first radiating structure to the second end of the first radiator, and then from the first end of the first radiator in the second radiating structure.
  • the sequence from the first end of the radiator to the second end of the first radiator is arranged in the metal groove in a clockwise order.
  • the distance between each of the M radiating structures is relatively large. In this way, the mutual interference between the feed arms can be reduced.
  • the first end of the first radiator in each of the above-mentioned radiating structures may be electrically connected to the first end of the second radiator, and the second end of the second radiator may be electrically connected to the third radiator.
  • the first end of the radiator is electrically connected.
  • the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator in the above-mentioned radiating structure may be integrally formed or assembled. Specifically, it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • the examples in the embodiments of the present invention are all exemplified by taking the radiating structure as an example for assembly.
  • the implementation manner in which the radiating structure is integrally formed it is similar to the implementation manner in which the radiating structure is assembled. In order to avoid repetition, details are not repeated in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first radiator and the third radiator in the radiating structure may be metal sheets, and the second radiator may be a metal column; or, the first radiator and the second radiator in the radiating structure
  • the radiator and the third radiator may both be metal sheets. Specifically, it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • the following specifically takes an antenna unit as an example to exemplarily describe the working principle of the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention for transmitting and receiving signals.
  • the signal source in the electronic device sends out an AC signal, which can be transmitted to the radiating structure through the feeder. Then, after the radiating structure receives the AC signal, the AC signal can be radiated outward via the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator in the radiating structure. Since there can be multiple current paths for the AC signal through the radiating structure, for example, the current path formed on the first radiator, the current path from the first radiator to the second radiator, the first radiator to the second radiator, and then The current path to the third radiator, so the radiating structure can radiate electromagnetic waves of different frequencies outward. Therefore, the electronic device can transmit signals of different frequencies through the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the radiating structure when the electronic device receives a 5G millimeter wave signal, electromagnetic waves in the space where the electronic device is located can excite the radiator in the radiating structure (for example, the third radiator in the radiating structure), Thus, the radiating structure can generate induced current (ie, induced AC signal). After the radiating structure generates the induced AC signal, the radiating structure can input the AC signal to the receiver in the electronic device through the feeder, so that the electronic device can receive the 5G millimeter wave signal sent by other devices. That is, the electronic device can receive signals through the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • induced current ie, induced AC signal
  • the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention works.
  • the frequency range covered by the antenna unit can be 26GHz-40GHz, which can include multiple millimeter wave frequency bands (such as n257, n258, n260, and n261).
  • the frequency range covered by the antenna unit can be 27.4GHz-29.8GHz and 36.1GHz-38.9GHz, and this frequency range can also include millimeter wave bands (for example, n261).
  • the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the invention can cover most 5G millimeter wave frequency band, which can improve the antenna performance of electronic equipment.
  • the antenna unit when the return loss of an antenna unit is less than -6dB, the antenna unit can meet actual use requirements; when the return loss of an antenna unit is less than -10dB, the antenna unit's return loss Work performance is better. That is, the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention can ensure better working performance on the basis of meeting actual use requirements.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna unit. Since the radiating structure includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator, when the power feeder transmits an AC signal to the radiating structure, the current flow through the radiator is There can be multiple paths, such as the current path formed on the first radiator, the current path from the first radiator to the second radiator, the current path from the first radiator to the second radiator, and then to the third radiator, etc. In this way, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave radiated through the radiating structure can also be multiple, so that the antenna unit can obtain a wider bandwidth, so that the frequency band covered by the antenna unit can be increased.
  • the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in the first order, so that the distance between the M radiating structures can be reduced. Therefore, the port isolation of the antenna unit can be improved, and the performance of the antenna unit can be further improved.
  • the above-mentioned M radiating structures are arranged on the metal in the order from the first end of the first radiator to the second end of the first radiator in the radiating structure along the inner side wall of the metal groove according to the above-mentioned first sequence. ⁇ In the groove.
  • the second end of the first radiator in one radiating structure of the M radiating structures may be adjacent to the second end of the first radiator in the next radiating structure adjacent to the one radiating structure.
  • the first end is adjacent.
  • the above-mentioned M radiating structures may form a ring-like shape, that is, the M radiating structures are arranged around in the metal groove.
  • the M radiating structures are arranged in the above first order, which can increase the distance between different radiating structures (that is, one The distance between the radiating structure and other radiating structures is relatively large), so that the interference between different radiating structures can be reduced, and the isolation of the ports of the antenna unit can be improved.
  • the radiating structures are arranged along the inner side wall of the metal groove, these radiating structures can be distributed in the metal groove relatively discretely, which can further reduce the interference between these radiating structures, and further improve the isolation of the antenna unit ports. degree.
  • the metal groove is a rectangular groove
  • the above-mentioned M radiating structures may include a first radiating structure, a second radiating structure, a third radiating structure, and a fourth radiating structure.
  • the first radiating structure, The second radiating structure, the third radiating structure and the fourth radiating structure are sequentially arranged in the metal groove along the inner side wall of the metal groove.
  • first radiating structure and the third radiating structure may both be parallel to the first inner side wall of the metal groove
  • the second radiating structure and the fourth radiating structure may both be parallel to the second inner side wall of the metal groove
  • the first inner side The wall may be perpendicular to the second inner side wall
  • the first radiating structure, the second radiating structure, the third radiating structure, and the fourth radiating structure may also be arranged in the metal groove in any other possible manner, such as the first radiating structure.
  • the radiating structure and the third radiating structure are both parallel to the second inner side wall of the metal groove, and the second radiating structure and the fourth radiating structure are both parallel to the first inner side wall of the metal groove.
  • it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • FIG. 4 it is a top view of the antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention on the reverse Z axis (for example, the coordinate system shown in FIG. 2).
  • Both the first radiating structure 2030 and the third radiating structure 2031 may be parallel to the inner sidewall S1 of the metal groove (that is, the above-mentioned first inner sidewall), and the second radiating structure 2032 and the fourth radiating structure 2033 may both be aligned with the inner side of the metal groove
  • the walls S2 that is, the above-mentioned second inner side wall
  • the inner side wall S1 is perpendicular to the inner side wall S2.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention in the reverse direction of the Z axis, the first inner side wall and the second inner side wall of the metal groove are both indicated by horizontal lines in FIG. 4.
  • the first radiating structure and the third radiating structure may form a radiating structure group (hereinafter referred to as the first radiating structure group), and the second radiating structure and the fourth radiating structure may form a radiation structure group.
  • Radiation structure group hereinafter referred to as the second radiation structure group.
  • the radiating structure is arranged in such a manner that the first radiating structure, the second radiating structure, the third radiating structure, and the fourth radiating structure are sequentially arranged in the metal groove along the inner side wall of the metal groove.
  • the distance between the first radiating structure 2030 and the third radiating structure 2031 may be relatively large, and the distance between the second radiating structure 2032 and the fourth radiating structure 2033 may be relatively large.
  • the first radiating structure and the second radiating structure can be combined .
  • the third radiating structure and the fourth radiating structure are sequentially arranged in the metal groove along the inner side wall of the metal groove, increasing the ratio of the two radiating structure groups (the first radiating structure group and the second radiating structure group) in the above two radiating structure groups (the first radiating structure group and the second radiating structure group).
  • the distance between the radiating structures can reduce the mutual influence between these radiating structure groups during the operation of the antenna unit, thereby reducing the interference between different polarizations of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first radiation structure group and the second radiation structure group may be two radiation structure groups with different polarizations.
  • the first radiation structure group may be a horizontally polarized radiation structure group
  • the second radiation structure group may be a vertically polarized radiation structure group
  • the implementation of the present invention can be achieved.
  • the antenna unit provided in the example can form a dual-polarized antenna unit, which can improve the wireless connection capability of the antenna unit, thereby reducing the probability of communication disconnection of the antenna unit, and further improving the communication capability of the antenna unit.
  • the antenna unit can include two pairs of radiation structure groups
  • the electronic device can transmit and receive signals through the two pairs of radiation structure groups in the antenna unit, so that the antenna unit can implement MIMO technology, thereby improving the performance of the antenna unit.
  • the communication capacity and communication rate can increase the data transmission rate of the antenna unit.
  • the first radiator and the third radiator in each radiating structure may be parallel to the surface where the opening of the metal groove is located, and the second radiator in each radiating structure may be parallel to the surface where the opening of the metal groove is located.
  • the first radiator is perpendicular to the third radiator.
  • FIG. 5 it is a cross-sectional view of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first radiator 203a and the third radiator 203c in the radiating structure may be parallel to the surface where the opening of the metal groove 201 is located
  • the second radiator 203b in the radiating structure may be parallel to the surface where the opening of the metal groove 201 is located.
  • the surface is vertical, that is, the second radiator 203b in the radiating structure may be perpendicular to the first radiator 203a and the third radiator 203c.
  • the positional relationship between the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator in the radiating structure can also be any other possible positional relationship, which can be specifically determined according to actual usage requirements.
  • the embodiment is not limited.
  • the working performance of the antenna unit may be different, so it can be based on the antenna unit According to actual requirements, the positional relationship of the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator in the radiating structure is set, so that the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention can work in the 5G millimeter wave frequency band.
  • the frequency band covered by the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be expanded.
  • the above-mentioned M power feeding portions may penetrate the bottom of the metal groove and be insulated from the metal groove.
  • the first end of the power feeding part may be electrically connected to the second end of the first radiator 203a in the radiating structure, and the second end of the power feeding part (not shown in FIG. 2 (Shown in FIG. 5) can be electrically connected to a signal source in the electronic device (for example, the 5G signal source 30 in the electronic device shown in FIG. 5).
  • a signal source in the electronic device for example, the 5G signal source 30 in the electronic device shown in FIG. 5.
  • the current of the signal source in the electronic device can be transmitted to the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator in the radiating structure through the power feeder, so that the current of the signal source in the electronic device can pass through the antenna
  • the unit radiates out so that the antenna unit can work normally.
  • the positions of the M power feeders at the bottom of the metal groove may be determined according to the positions of the M power feed arm units in the metal groove.
  • the cross section of the opening of the metal groove is rectangular
  • the above-mentioned M power feeders may be four power feeders
  • two of the four power feeders may be located in the metal groove.
  • the other two of the four power feeding parts may be located on the other symmetry axis of the metal groove.
  • the two power feeders electrically connected to the first radiator in the first radiating structure and the third radiating structure may be located on a symmetry axis of the metal groove, and are connected to the second radiator.
  • the two feeders electrically connected to the first radiator in the radiating structure and the fourth radiating structure may be located on the other symmetry axis of the metal groove. In this way, the distance between the first radiating structure and the third radiating structure and the distance between the second radiating structure and the fourth radiating structure can be further increased, thereby further reducing the mutual interference between the radiation structure groups of different polarizations. .
  • FIG. 6 it is a schematic diagram of the polarization isolation of the antenna unit when the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention works.
  • the radiation structure group composed of the first radiation structure and the third radiation structure is a horizontally polarized radiation structure group
  • the radiation structure group composed of the second radiation structure and the fourth radiation structure is a vertically polarized radiation structure group, and it is the same as the first radiation structure group.
  • the feeding part electrically connected to a radiating structure and a third radiating structure (specifically the second end of the first radiator in the radiating structure group) is arranged on a symmetry axis of the metal groove, and is connected to the second radiating structure and the fourth radiating structure.
  • the feeding part electrically connected to the radiating structure is arranged on the other symmetry axis of the metal groove. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, in the full frequency band where the antenna unit works (that is, all frequency bands that the antenna unit can cover), the port isolation of the antenna unit is less than -50 dB. However, usually the port isolation of the antenna unit is -10dB to meet the actual use requirements, and the smaller the port isolation of the antenna unit, the smaller the mutual influence between the ports of the antenna unit, so the above-mentioned setting method can improve the antenna unit The polarization isolation of the port can further optimize the polarization performance of the antenna unit.
  • the signal sources electrically connected to the two feeders located on the same diagonal have the same amplitude and a phase difference of 180 degrees.
  • the antenna unit feeding method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be a differential feeding method, so that the data transmission rate of the antenna unit can be further improved, that is, the communication capacity and communication rate of the antenna unit can be further improved.
  • the antenna unit 20 may further include a target insulator 204 disposed in the metal groove 201, and the target insulator 204 may carry the foregoing M radiation structures 203. .
  • the second end of the first radiator in each of the above-mentioned radiating structures may be electrically connected to different ones of the above-mentioned M power feeders in the target insulator.
  • the radiating structure of the above M radiating structures may be carried on the above-mentioned target insulator, or may be carried in the target insulator. Specifically, it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • the above-mentioned target insulator can not only carry the above-mentioned M radiating structures, but also can isolate the M radiating structures and metal grooves, so that the M radiating structures and metal grooves can be reduced during the operation of the antenna unit. Interference between the slots.
  • the above-mentioned target insulator may include a first insulator 204a and a second insulator 204b.
  • the first insulator 204a can carry the above M radiating structures, and the second end of the first radiator 203a in each radiating structure can be electrically connected to different ones of the M power feeders located in the second insulator 204b. connection.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned first insulator may be the same as the opening shape of the metal groove. Any possible shape such as rectangle or circle.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the second insulator may also be the same as the opening shape of the metal groove.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first insulator and the cross-sectional shape of the second insulator may also be any shapes that can meet actual use requirements. Specifically, it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • the material of the first insulator may be any possible material such as plastic or foam; the material of the second insulator may also be any possible material such as plastic or foam. Specifically, it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • the material of the first insulator and the material of the second insulator may be the same or different. Specifically, it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • the material of the first insulator may be an insulating material with a relatively small relative permittivity and loss tangent; the material of the second insulator may also be a relative permittivity and loss tangent. Insulating materials with relatively small tangent values. Specifically, it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • the influence of the radiation effect of the antenna unit is smaller. That is to say, the smaller the loss tangent value of the material of the first insulator and the material of the second insulator, the smaller the influence of the first insulator and the second insulator on the working performance of the antenna unit, and the better the radiation effect of the antenna unit.
  • the surface of the third radiator in each radiating structure may be flush with the surface where the opening of the metal groove is located.
  • the first end of the second radiator 203b in each of the above-mentioned radiating structures may be electrically connected to the first end of the first radiator 203a, and each radiating structure The second end of the second radiator 203b is electrically connected to the third radiator 203c.
  • both the second end of the second radiator 203b and the third radiator 203c may be flush with the surface where the opening of the metal groove 201 is located.
  • the second radiator in the above-mentioned radiating structure can also be located in the metal groove, that is, the second end of the second radiator can be lower than the surface where the opening of the metal groove is located, which can be determined according to actual usage requirements.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited.
  • the position of the third radiator in the metal groove is different, the performance of the antenna unit may also be different. Therefore, the position of the third radiator can be set according to actual use requirements, so that the design of the antenna unit can be made More flexible.
  • the third radiator is flush with the surface where the opening of the metal groove is located, the third radiator can directly radiate electromagnetic waves outward, which can reduce the influence of other components in the metal groove on the third radiator, thereby improving The radiation performance of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna units shown in each of the foregoing drawings are all exemplified in conjunction with a drawing in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna units shown in each of the foregoing figures can also be implemented in combination with any other figures illustrated in the foregoing embodiment that can be combined, and details are not described herein again.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, and the electronic device may include the antenna unit provided in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7.
  • the antenna unit provided in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7.
  • the antenna unit reference may be made to the relevant description of the antenna unit in the foregoing embodiment, which is not repeated here.
  • the electronic device in the embodiment of the present invention may be a mobile electronic device or a non-mobile electronic device.
  • the mobile electronic device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a handheld computer, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a wearable device, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook, or a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant). , PDA), etc.
  • the non-mobile electronic device may be a personal computer (PC), a television (television, TV), a server, or a teller machine, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • At least one first groove may be provided in the housing of the electronic device, and at least one antenna unit may be provided in each of the at least one first groove.
  • the above-mentioned at least one first groove may be provided in the housing of the electronic device, and at least one antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be arranged in each first groove, so that the electronic device At least one antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention is integrated, so that the electronic device can include an antenna array composed of the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned first groove may be provided in the frame of the housing of the electronic device.
  • the electronic device 4 may include a housing 40.
  • the housing 40 may include a first metal frame 41, a second metal frame 42 connected to the first metal frame 41, a third metal frame 43 connected to the second metal frame 42, and the third metal frame 43 and the first metal frame. 41 are connected to the fourth metal frame 44.
  • the electronic device 4 may also include a floor 45 connected to both the second metal frame 42 and the fourth metal frame 44, and a floor 45 which is arranged on the third metal frame 43, part of the second metal frame 42 and part of the fourth metal frame 44.
  • the first antenna 46 of the area (specifically, these metal frames may also be a part of the first antenna).
  • the second metal frame 42 is provided with a first groove 47.
  • the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be disposed in the first groove, so that the electronic device can include the array antenna module formed by the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the integration of the device in the electronic device can be realized.
  • the above-mentioned floor may be a PCB, a metal middle frame of an electronic device, or a display screen of an electronic device, etc., which can be any part that can be used as a virtual ground.
  • the above-mentioned first antenna may be a second-generation mobile communication system (ie 2G system), a third-generation mobile communication system (ie 3G system), and a fourth-generation mobile communication system of an electronic device.
  • the communication antenna of the system ie 4G system and other systems.
  • the antenna unit integrated in the electronic device in the embodiment of the present invention (antenna unit formed by metal grooves, M feeders, M feeder arm units and other components) may be an antenna of the 5G system of the electronic device.
  • the above-mentioned at least one first groove may be provided in the same frame of the housing, or may be provided in different frames. Specifically, it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • multiple first grooves may be provided on the housing of the electronic device, so that multiple antenna units provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be provided in the electronic device, so that the electronic device Including multiple antenna units to improve the antenna performance of the electronic device.
  • the distance between two adjacent first grooves can be reduced, that is, the distance between two adjacent antenna units can be reduced
  • the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiating structure (specifically, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator in the radiating structure) in the antenna unit can be increased when the electronic device includes a smaller number of antenna units.
  • the scanning angle of the beam which can increase the scanning range of the millimeter wave antenna of the electronic device.
  • the metal groove in the antenna unit may be a part of the housing of the electronic device. It can be understood that the metal groove may be a groove provided on the housing of the electronic device.
  • the housing of the electronic device may be a radiator of a non-millimeter wave antenna in the electronic device.
  • the housing of the electronic device can also be used as the radiator of the non-millimeter wave antenna in the electronic device
  • the antennas (millimeter wave antenna and non-millimeter wave antenna) in the electronic device can be integrated into one, thereby Significantly reduce the space occupied by the antenna in the electronic device.
  • the above-mentioned metal groove may be provided on the metal frame of the housing of the electronic device.
  • the housing 40 of the electronic device 4 provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be provided with at least one metal groove 201, M radiating structures and M feeders in the antenna unit, etc. It can be arranged in the metal groove 201 (actually, at the angle of the electronic device shown in FIG. 9, the metal groove is not visible).
  • a metal groove may be provided in any one of the first metal frame, the second metal frame, the third metal frame, and the fourth metal frame of the housing. Specifically, it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • the sidewalls of the metal groove, the bottom of the metal groove, etc. in the embodiment of the present invention can all be electronic devices.
  • a part of may be specifically a part of the frame of the housing provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the metal texture of the electronic device may not be affected to maintain the electronic device
  • the integrity of the metal frame can maintain the proportion of metal in the electronic device.
  • the metal frame of the electronic device itself is used as the reflector of the antenna unit to obtain higher gain.
  • the antenna unit is not sensitive to the environment and components inside the electronic device, which facilitates the design of the structural stacking of the electronic device.
  • multiple metal grooves may be provided in the housing of the electronic device, and M radiating structures, M power feeding parts, etc. in the embodiment of the present invention are provided in each metal groove.
  • a component so that a plurality of antenna units provided in the embodiments of the present invention can be integrated in an electronic device, so that these antenna units can form an antenna array, thereby improving the antenna performance of the electronic device.
  • the radiation pattern of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention when a signal with a frequency of 28 GHz is radiated; as shown in FIG. 11, it is the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the unit radiates a signal with a frequency of 39 GHz, the radiation pattern of the antenna unit.
  • the maximum radiation direction of the antenna unit at 28 GHz is the same as the maximum radiation direction of the antenna unit at 39 GHz. Therefore, the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for forming a broadband antenna array.
  • the electronic device can be provided with at least two metal grooves, and each metal groove is provided with the above-mentioned M radiation structures and M power feeding parts, so that the electronic device includes a plurality of components provided by the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the antenna unit can be made to include an antenna array composed of the antenna unit in the electronic device, thereby improving the antenna performance of the electronic device.
  • the distance between two adjacent antenna units (that is, the distance between two adjacent metal grooves)
  • the distance between the separations can be determined according to the isolation of the antenna units and the scanning angle of the antenna array formed by the multiple antenna units. Specifically, it can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it.
  • the number of metal grooves provided in the housing of the electronic device may be determined according to the size of the metal groove and the size of the housing of the electronic device, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 it is a bottom view of a plurality of antenna units provided on a housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention in the positive direction of the Z axis (coordinate system as shown in FIG. 9).
  • the metal groove is a rectangular groove
  • the third metal frame 43 is provided with a plurality of antenna units provided by the embodiment of the present invention (each antenna unit is formed by the metal groove 201 on the housing and is arranged in M power feeders (not shown in the figure) at the bottom of the metal groove, and M radiating structures 203 arranged in the metal groove are formed).
  • FIG. 12 exemplifies the four antenna units provided on the third metal frame as an example, which does not limit the embodiment of the present invention in any way. It can be understood that, during specific implementation, the number of antenna units provided on the third metal frame can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not make any limitation.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which may include an antenna unit.
  • the antenna unit may include: a metal groove, M power feeding portions arranged at the bottom of the metal groove, and M radiating structures arranged in the metal groove; wherein, each of the M radiating structures includes A first radiator, a second radiator electrically connected to the first end of the first radiator, and a third radiator electrically connected to the second radiator; and the second radiator of the first radiator in each radiating structure
  • the ends are electrically connected to different ones of the M power feeders, and the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in a first order, and M is an integer greater than 1.
  • the radiating structure includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator
  • the power feeder transmits an AC signal to the radiating structure
  • the frequency of the electromagnetic wave can also be multiple, so that the antenna unit can obtain a wider bandwidth, so that the frequency band covered by the antenna unit can be increased.
  • the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in the first order, so that the distance between the M radiating structures can be reduced. Therefore, the port isolation of the antenna unit can be improved, and the performance of the antenna unit can be further improved.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种天线单元及电子设备。该天线单元包括：金属凹槽，设置在金属凹槽底部的M个馈电部，以及设置在金属凹槽内的M个辐射结构；其中，M个辐射结构中的每个辐射结构包括第一辐射体、与第一辐射体的第一端电连接的第二辐射体，以及与第二辐射体电连接的第三辐射体；且每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第二端与M个馈电部中的不同馈电部电连接，以及M个辐射结构按照第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内，M为大于1的整数。

Description

天线单元及电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年11月27日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201911184582.2、申请名称为“一种天线单元及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线单元及电子设备。
背景技术
随着第五代移动通信(5th-Generation，5G)系统的发展，以及电子设备的广泛应用，毫米波天线逐渐被应用在各种电子设备中，以满足用户日益增长的使用需求。
目前，电子设备中的毫米波天线主要通过天线封装(antenna in package，AiP)技术实现。例如，如图1所示，可以通过AiP技术，将工作波长为毫米波的阵列天线11、射频集成电路(radio frequency integrated circuit，RFIC)12、电源管理集成电路(power management integrated circuit，PMIC)13和连接器14封装成一个模块10，该模块10可以称为毫米波天线模组。其中，上述阵列天线中的天线可以为贴片天线、八木-宇田天线，或者偶极子天线等。
然而，由于上述阵列天线中的天线通常为窄带天线(例如上述列举的贴片天线等)，因此每个天线的覆盖频段有限，但是在5G系统中规划的毫米波频段通常比较多，例如以28GHz为主的n257(26.5-29.5GHz)频段和以39GHz为主的n260(37.0-40.0GHz)频段等，因此传统的毫米波天线模组可能无法覆盖5G系统中规划的主流的毫米波频段，从而导致电子设备的天线性能较差。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种天线单元及电子设备，以解决现有的电子设备的毫米波天线覆盖的频段较少，导致电子设备的天线性能较差的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请是这样实现的：
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种天线单元，该天线单元包括：金属凹槽，设置在金属凹槽底部的M个馈电部，以及设置在金属凹槽内的M个辐射结构；其中，M个辐射结构中的每个辐射结构包括第一辐射体、与第一辐射体的第一端电连接的第二辐射体，以及与第二辐射体电连接的第三辐射体；且每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第二端与M个馈电部中的不同馈电部电连接，以及该M个辐射结构按照第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内，M为大于1的整数。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括上述第一方面中的天线单元。
在本发明实施例中，天线单元可以包括：金属凹槽，设置在金属凹槽底部的M个馈电部，以及设置在金属凹槽内的M个辐射结构；其中，该M个辐射结构中的每个辐射结构包括第一辐射体、与第一辐射体的第一端电连接的第二辐射体，以及与第二辐射体电连接的第三辐射体；且每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第二端与M个馈电部中的不同馈电部电连接，以及 该M个辐射结构按照第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内，M为大于1的整数。通过该方案，由于辐射结构包括第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体，因此当馈电部将交流信号传输到辐射结构上时，经由辐射体的电流的路径可以有多种，例如第一辐射体上形成的电流路径，第一辐射体到第二辐射体的电流路径，第一辐射体到第二辐射体、再到第三辐射体的电流路径等，如此经由辐射结构辐射的电磁波的频率也可以有多个，如此可以使得天线单元获得更宽的带宽，从而可以增加天线单元覆盖的频段。并且由于M个辐射结构按照第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内，因此可以使得该M个辐射结构中的各个辐射结构之间的距离较大，如此可以减小该M个辐射结构之间的干扰，从而可以提高天线单元的端口隔离度，进而可以进一步提高天线单元的性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种传统毫米波封装天线的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的天线单元的爆炸图之一；
图3为本发明实施例提供的天线单元的反射系数图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的天线单元的俯视图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的天线单元的剖视图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的天线单元的隔离度示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的天线单元的爆炸图之二；
图8为本发明实施例提供的电子设备的硬件结构示意图之一；
图9为本发明实施例提供的电子设备的硬件结构示意图之二；
图10为本发明实施例提供的天线单元的辐射方向图之一；
图11为本发明实施例提供的天线单元的辐射方向图之二；
图12为本发明实施例提供的电子设备的仰视图。
附图标记说明：10—毫米波天线模组；11—工作波长为毫米波的阵列天线；12—RFIC；13—PMIC；14—连接器；20—天线单元；201—金属凹槽；202—馈电部；203—辐射结构；203a—第一辐射体；203b—第二辐射体；203c—第三辐射体；204—目标绝缘体；204a—第一绝缘体；204b—第二绝缘体；30—5G毫米波信号；4—电子设备；40—壳体；41—第一金属边框；42—第二金属边框；43—第三金属边框；44—第四金属边框；45—地板；46—第一天线；47—第一凹槽。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，附图所示的坐标系中的坐标轴相互正交。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本文中术语“和/或”，是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。本文中符号“/”表示关联对象是或者的关系，例如A/B表示A或者B。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”和“第二”等是用于区别不同的对象，而不是用于描述对象的特定顺序。例如，第一辐射体和第二辐射体等是用于区别不同的辐射 体，而不是用于描述辐射体的特定顺序。
在本发明实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本发明实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
在本发明实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是指两个或者两个以上，例如，多个天线单元是指两个或者两个以上的天线单元等。
下面对本发明实施例中涉及的一些术语/名词进行解释说明。
交流信号：是指电流的方向会发生变化的信号。
多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output，MIMO)技术：是指一种在传输端(即发送端和接收端)使用多个天线发送信号或接收信号，以改善通信质量的技术。在该技术中，信号可以通过传输端的多个天线发送或者接收。
相对介电常数：用于表征介质材料的介电性质或极化性质的物理参数。
地板：是指电子设备中可以作为虚拟地的部分。例如电子设备中的印制电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、金属中框或电子设备的显示屏等。
本发明实施例提供一种天线单元及电子设备，该天线单元可以包括：金属凹槽，设置在金属凹槽底部的M个馈电部，以及设置在金属凹槽内的M个辐射结构；其中，该M个辐射结构中的每个辐射结构包括第一辐射体、与第一辐射体的第一端电连接的第二辐射体，以及与第二辐射体电连接的第三辐射体；且每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第二端与M个馈电部中的不同馈电部电连接，以及该M个辐射结构按照第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内，M为大于1的整数。通过该方案，由于辐射结构包括第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体，因此当馈电部将交流信号传输到辐射结构上时，经由辐射体的电流的路径可以有多种，例如第一辐射体上形成的电流路径，第一辐射体到第二辐射体的电流路径，第一辐射体到第二辐射体、再到第三辐射体的电流路径等，如此经由辐射结构辐射的电磁波的频率也可以有多个，如此可以使得天线单元获得更宽的带宽，从而可以增加天线单元覆盖的频段。并且由于M个辐射结构按照第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内，因此可以使得该M个辐射结构中的各个辐射结构之间的距离较大，如此可以减小该M个辐射结构之间的干扰，从而可以提高天线单元的端口隔离度，进而可以进一步提高天线单元的性能。
本发明实施例提供的天线单元可以应用于电子设备，也可以应用于需要使用该天线单元的其它设备，具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。下面以天线单元应用于电子设备为例，对本发明实施例提供的天线单元进行示例性的说明。
下面结合各个附图对本发明实施例提供的天线单元进行示例性的说明。
如图2所示，天线单元20可以包括金属凹槽201，设置在金属凹槽201底部的M个馈电部202，设置在金属凹槽201内的M个辐射结构203。
其中，M个辐射结构中的每个辐射结构(以下简称为每个辐射结构)203可以包括第一辐射体203a、与第一辐射体203a的第一端电连接的第二辐射体203b，以及与第二辐射体203b电连接的第三辐射体203c；且每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体203a的第二端可以与上述M个馈电部中的不同馈电部电连接，以及该M个辐射结构可以按照第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽201内，M为大于1的整数。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，为了更加清楚地示意天线单元的结构，图2是以天线 单元的爆炸图示意的，即是以天线单元的组成部分均处于分离状态示意的。实际实现时，上述M个馈电部和M个辐射结构均可以设置在金属凹槽内，即金属凹槽、M个馈电部和M个辐射结构组成一个整体，以形成一个本发明实施例提供的天线单元。
另外，在图2中，第一辐射体203a的第二端与馈电部202未以电连接状态示出，实际实现时，第一辐射体203a的第二端可以与馈电部202电连接。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述第一顺序可以为顺时针的顺序，也可以为逆时针的顺序。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
本发明实施例中，以上述M个辐射结构按照顺时针的顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内为例，假设上述M个辐射结构为四个辐射结构(该四个辐射结构的结构可以相同)，该四个辐射结构可以按照从第一个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第一端到第一辐射体的第二端、再从第二个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第一端到第一辐射体的第二端、接着从第三个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第一端到第一辐射体的第二端，最后从第四个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第一端到第一辐射体的第二端的次序，按照顺时针的顺序依次设置在金属凹槽内。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，当上述M个辐射结构按照上述第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内时，该M个辐射结构中的每个辐射结构之间的距离均比较大，如此可以减小各个馈电臂之间的相互干扰。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第一端可以与第二辐射体的第一端电连接，第二辐射体的第二端可以与第三辐射体的第一端电连接。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述辐射结构中的第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体可以为一体成型的，也可以为组装的。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中的示例均是以辐射结构为组装的为例进行示例性说明的。对于辐射结构为一体成型的实现方式，其与辐射结构为组装的实现方式类似，为避免重复，本发明实施例不再赘述。
可选的，本发明实施例中，辐射结构中的第一辐射体和第三辐射体可以为金属片，第二辐射体可以为金属柱；或者，辐射结构中的第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体可以均为金属片。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
为了更加清楚地描述本发明实施例提供的天线单元及其工作原理，下面具体以一个天线单元为例，对本发明实施例提供的天线单元发送信号和接收信号的工作原理进行示例性的说明。
当电子设备发送5G毫米波信号时，电子设备中的信号源会发出交流信号，该交流信号可以通过馈电部传输到辐射结构上。然后，在辐射结构接收到该交流信号之后，该交流信号可以经由辐射结构中的第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体向外辐射。由于该交流信号经由辐射结构的电流路径可以有多个，例如第一辐射体上形成的电流路径，第一辐射体到第二辐射体的电流路径，第一辐射体到第二辐射体、再到第三辐射体的电流路径，因此辐射结构可以向外辐射不同频率的电磁波。从而，电子设备可以通过本发明实施例提供的天线单元发送不同频率的信号。
又示例性的，本发明实施例中，当电子设备接收5G毫米波信号时，电子设备所处的空间中的电磁波可以激励辐射结构中的辐射体(例如辐射结构中的第三辐射体)，从而辐射结构可以产生感应电流(即感应的交流信号)。在辐射结构产生感应的交流信号之后，辐射结 构可以通过馈电部向电子设备中的接收机输入该交流信号，如此可以使得电子设备接收到其它设备发送的5G毫米波信号。即电子设备可以通过本发明实施例提供的天线单元接收信号。
下面再结合图3，对本发明实施例提供的天线单元的性能进行示例性的说明。
示例性的，如图3所示，为本发明实施例提供的天线单元工作时，天线单元的反射系数图。当回波损耗小于-6dB(分贝)时，天线单元覆盖的频率范围可以为26GHz-40GHz，该频率范围可以包括多个毫米波频段(例如n257、n258、n260和n261)，当回波损耗小于-10dB时，天线单元覆盖的频率范围可以为27.4GHz-29.8GHz和36.1GHz-38.9GHz，该频率范围也可以包括毫米波频段(例如n261)，如此发明实施例提供的天线单元可以覆盖大多数5G毫米波频段，从而可以提高电子设备的天线性能。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，当一个天线单元的回波损耗小于-6dB时，该天线单元可以满足实际使用需求；当一个天线单元的回波损耗小于-10dB时，该天线单元的工作性能更加优良。即本发明实施例提供的天线单元可以在满足实际使用需求的基础上，保证更加优良的工作性能。
本发明实施例提供一种天线单元，由于辐射结构包括第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体，因此当馈电部将交流信号传输到辐射结构上时，经由辐射体的电流的路径可以有多种，例如第一辐射体上形成的电流路径，第一辐射体到第二辐射体的电流路径，第一辐射体到第二辐射体、再到第三辐射体的电流路径等，如此经由辐射结构辐射的电磁波的频率也可以有多个，如此可以使得天线单元获得更宽的带宽，从而可以增加天线单元覆盖的频段。并且由于M个辐射结构按照第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内，因此可以使得该M个辐射结构中的各个辐射结构之间的距离较大，如此可以减小该M个辐射结构之间的干扰，从而可以提高天线单元的端口隔离度，进而可以进一步提高天线单元的性能。
可选的，上述M个辐射结构按照上述第一顺序，沿金属凹槽的内侧壁，以从辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第一端到第一辐射体的第二端的次序设置在金属凹槽内。
也就是说，按照上述第一顺序，上述M个辐射结构中的一个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第二端可以与该一个辐射结构相邻的下一个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第一端相邻。
可以理解，上述M个辐射结构可以形成一个类环状，即该M个辐射结构环绕设置在金属凹槽内。
本发明实施例中，由于在天线单元在工作时，在辐射结构上流过的电流具有方向性，因此按照上述第一顺序设置上述M个辐射结构，可以增加不同辐射结构之间的距离(即一个辐射结构与其它辐射结构之间的距离均比较大)，如此可以减小不同辐射结构之间的干扰，从而可以提高天线单元的端口的隔离度。并且由于沿金属凹槽的内侧壁设置辐射结构可以使得这些辐射结构比较离散的分布在金属凹槽内，从而可以进一步减小这些辐射结构之间的干扰，进而可以进一步提高天线单元的端口的隔离度。
可选的，本发明实施例中，金属凹槽为矩形凹槽，上述M个辐射结构可以包括第一辐射结构、第二辐射结构、第三辐射结构和第四辐射结构，第一辐射结构、第二辐射结构、第三辐射结构和第四辐射结构沿金属凹槽的内侧壁依次设置在金属凹槽内。
其中，第一辐射结构和第三辐射结构均可以与金属凹槽的第一内侧壁平行，第二辐射结构和第四辐射结构均可以与金属凹槽的第二内侧壁平行，该第一内侧壁可以与该第二内侧壁垂直。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，上述第一辐射结构、第二辐射结构、第三辐射结构和 第四辐射结构还可以按照其它任意可能的方式环绕设置在金属凹槽内，例如第一辐射结构和第三辐射结构均与金属凹槽的第二内侧壁平行，第二辐射结构和第四辐射结构均与金属凹槽的第一内侧壁平行。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
示例性的，如图4所示，为本发明实施例提供的天线单元在Z轴反向(例如图2所示的坐标系)上的俯视图。第一辐射结构2030和第三辐射结构2031均可以与金属凹槽的内侧壁S1(即上述第一内侧壁)平行，第二辐射结构2032和第四辐射结构2033均可以与金属凹槽的内侧壁S2(即上述第二内侧壁)平行。且由图4可见，内侧壁S1与内侧壁S2垂直。
需要说明的是，由于图4为本发明实施例提供的天线单元在Z轴反向上的俯视图，因此金属凹槽的第一内侧壁和第二内侧壁均用如图4中横线进行示意。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述第一辐射结构可以与第三辐射结构组成一个辐射结构组(以下称为第一辐射结构组)，上述第二辐射结构可以与第四辐射结构组成一个辐射结构组(以下称为第二辐射结构组)。
本发明实施例中，由图4可见，按照第一辐射结构、第二辐射结构、第三辐射结构和第四辐射结构沿金属凹槽的内侧壁依次设置在金属凹槽内的方式设置辐射结构，可以使得第一辐射结构2030与第三辐射结构2031之间的距离比较大，第二辐射结构2032与第四辐射结构2033之间的距离比较大。
本发明实施例中，由于一个辐射结构组中的辐射结构之间的距离越大，该辐射结构组对其它辐射结构组的影响越小，因此可以通过将上述第一辐射结构、第二辐射结构、第三辐射结构和第四辐射结构沿金属凹槽的内侧壁依次设置在金属凹槽内的方式，增大上述两个辐射结构组(第一辐射结构组和第二辐射结构组)中的辐射结构之间的距离，从而在天线单元工作过程中，可以减小这些辐射结构组之间的相互影响，进而可以减小本发明实施例提供的天线不同极化间的干扰。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述第一辐射结构组和上述第二辐射结构组可以为两个不同极化的辐射结构组。
示例性的，第一辐射结构组可以为水平极化的辐射结构组，第二辐射结构组可以为垂直极化的辐射结构组。
本发明实施例中，由于上述第一辐射结构组和上述第二辐射结构组可以为两个不同方向极化(第一极化和第二极化)的辐射结构组，因此可以使得本发明实施例提供的天线单元可以形成一个双极化的天线单元，如此可以提高天线单元的无线连接能力，从而可以减小天线单元通信断线的概率，进而可以提高天线单元的通信能力。
并且，由于天线单元中可以包括两对辐射结构组，因此电子设备可以通过天线单元中的该两对辐射结构组发送信号和接收信号，如此可以使得天线单元实现MIMO技术，从而可以提高天线单元的通信容量和通信速率，进而可以提高天线单元的数据传输速率。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体和第三辐射体可以与金属凹槽开口所在的表面平行，且每个辐射结构中的第二辐射体可以与第一辐射体和第三辐射体垂直。
示例性的，如图5所示，为本发明实施例提供的一种天线单元的剖视图。由图5可见，辐射结构中的第一辐射体203a和第三辐射体203c可以与金属凹槽201开口所在的表面平行，辐射结构中的第二辐射体203b可以与金属凹槽201开口所在的表面垂直，即辐射结构中的第二辐射体203b可以与第一辐射体203a和第三辐射体203c垂直。
当然，实际实现时，辐射结构中的第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体之间的位置关系，还可以为其它任意可能的位置关系，具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
本发明实施例中，由于辐射结构的结构不同，即辐射结构中的第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体的位置关系不同，天线单元的工作性能可能不同，因此可以根据天线单元的实际使用需求，设置辐射结构中的第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体的位置关系，以使得本发明实施例提供的天线单元可以工作在5G毫米波频段内。
并且，由于辐射结构中的第一辐射体和第三辐射体与第二辐射体，可以增加辐射结构上的电流路径，因此可以扩大本发明实施例提供的天线单元覆盖的频段。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述M个馈电部可以贯穿金属凹槽底部、且与金属凹槽绝缘。
具体的，实际实现时，如图2所示，馈电部的第一端可以与辐射结构中的第一辐射体203a的第二端电连接，馈电部的第二端(未在图2中示出)可以与电子设备中的一个信号源(例如图5中所示的电子设备中的5G信号源30)电连接。如此，电子设备中的信号源的电流可以通过馈电部传输到辐射结构中的第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体上，如此可以使得电子设备中的信号源的电流经由天线单元辐射出去，从而可以使得天线单元能够正常工作。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述M个馈电部在金属凹槽底部的设置位置，可以根据上述M个馈电臂单元在金属凹槽内的设置位置确定。
可选的，本发明实施例中，金属凹槽开口的截面为矩形，上述M个馈电部可以为四个馈电部，该四个馈电部中的两个馈电部可以位于金属凹槽的一条对称轴上，该四个馈电部中的另外两个馈电部可以位于金属凹槽的另一条对称轴上。
可选的，本发明实施例中，与上述第一辐射结构和第三辐射结构中的第一辐射体电连接的两个馈电部可以位于金属凹槽的一条对称轴上，与上述第二辐射结构和第四辐射结构中的第一辐射体电连接的两个馈电部可以位于金属凹槽的另一条对称轴上。如此可以进一步增大第一辐射结构与第三辐射结构之间的距离和第二辐射结构与第四辐射结构之间的距离，从而可以进一步减小不同极化的辐射结构组之间的相互干扰。
下面再结合图6，对本发明实施例提供的天线单元的端口的隔离度进行示例性的说明。
示例性的，如图6所示，为本发明实施例提供的天线单元工作时，天线单元的极化隔离度示意图。假设第一辐射结构与第三辐射结构组成的辐射结构组为水平极化的辐射结构组，第二辐射结构和第四辐射结构组成的辐射结构组为垂直极化的辐射结构组，且与第一辐射结构和第三辐射结构(具体为辐射结构组中的第一辐射体的第二端)电连接的馈电部分布在金属凹槽的一条对称轴上，与第二辐射结构和第四辐射结构电连接的馈电部分布在金属凹槽的另一条对称轴上。那么，如图6所示，在天线单元工作的全频段(即天线单元能够覆盖的所有频段)内，天线单元的端口隔离度均小于-50dB。然而，通常天线单元的端口隔离度为-10dB即可满足实际使用需求，且天线单元的端口隔离度越小，天线单元的端口间的相互影响越小，因此通过上述设置方式可以提高天线单元的端口的极化隔离度，从而可以进一步优化天线单元的极化性能。
可选的，本发明实施例中，与位于同一条对角线上的两个馈电部电连接的信号源的幅值相等，相位相差180度。如此可以使得本发明实施例提供的天线单元馈电方式为差分馈电方式，从而可以进一步提高天线单元的数据传输速率，即可以进一步提高天线单元的通信容量和通信速率。
可选的，本发明实施例中，结合图2，如图7所示，天线单元20还可以包括设置在金属凹槽201内的目标绝缘体204，该目标绝缘体204可以承载上述M个辐射结构203。
其中，上述每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第二端可以与上述M个馈电部中的不同馈电部，在目标绝缘体中电连接。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述M个辐射结构中的辐射结构可以承载在上述目标绝缘体上，也可以承载在目标绝缘体内。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
本发明实施例中，上述目标绝缘体不仅可以承载上述M个辐射结构，还可以隔离该M个辐射结构和金属凹槽，从而在天线单元的工作过程中，可以减少该M个辐射结构与金属凹槽之间的互相干扰。
可选的，如图5所示，本发明实施例中，上述目标绝缘体可以包括第一绝缘体204a和第二绝缘体204b。
其中，第一绝缘体204a可以承载上述M个辐射结构，每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体203a的第二端可以与位于第二绝缘体204b中的M个馈电部中的不同馈电部电连接。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述第一绝缘体的截面形状可以与金属凹槽的开口形状相同。例如矩形或圆形等任意可能的形状。
相应的，上述第二绝缘体的截面形状也可以与金属凹槽的开口形状相同。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，上述第一绝缘体的截面形状和第二绝缘体的截面形状还可以为任意可以满足实际使用需求的形状。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述第一绝缘体的材料可以为塑胶或者泡沫等任意可能的材料；上述第二绝缘体的材料也可以为塑胶或者泡沫等任意可能的材料。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述第一绝缘体的材料和第二绝缘体的材料可以相同，也可以不同。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述第一绝缘体的材料可以为相对介电常数和损耗角正切值均比较小的绝缘材料；上述第二绝缘体的材料也可以为相对介电常数和损耗角正切值均比较小的绝缘材料。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例，在承载上述M个馈电臂的前提下，第一绝缘体的材料和第二绝缘体的材料的损耗角正切值越小，该第一绝缘体和第二绝缘体对天线单元的辐射效果的影响越小。也就是说，上述第一绝缘体的材料和第二绝缘体的材料的损耗角正切值越小，第一绝缘体和第二绝缘体对天线单元的工作性能影响越小，天线单元的辐射效果越好。
可选的，本发明实施例中，每个辐射结构中的第三辐射体的表面可以与金属凹槽的开口所在的表面齐平。
可选的，本发明实施例中，如图5所示，上述每个辐射结构中的第二辐射体203b的第一端可以与第一辐射体203a的第一端电连接，每个辐射结构中的第二辐射体203b的第二端与第三辐射体203c电连接。其中，第二辐射体203b的第二端与第三辐射体203c均可以与金属凹槽201开口所在的表面齐平。
当然，实际实现时，上述辐射结构中的第二辐射体还可以位于金属凹槽内，即第二辐射体的第二端可以低于金属凹槽开口所在的表面，具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
本发明实施例中，由于第三辐射体在金属凹槽内的位置不同，天线单元的性能也可能不同，因此可以根据实际使用需求设置上述第三辐射体的位置，从而可以使得天线单元的设计更加灵活。
进一步的，由于第三辐射体与金属凹槽开口所在的表面齐平时，第三辐射体可以直接向外辐射电磁波，可以减少金属凹槽内的其它部件对第三辐射体的影响，从而可以提高本发明实施例提供的天线单元的辐射性能。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，上述各个附图所示的天线单元均是以结合本发明实施例中的一个附图为例示例性的说明的。具体实现时，上述各个附图所示的天线单元还可以结合上述实施例中示意的其它可以结合的任意附图实现，此处不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括上述如图2至图7中任一实施例提供的天线单元。对于天线单元的描述具体可以参见上述实施例中对天线单元的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
本发明实施例中的电子设备可以为移动电子设备，也可以为非移动电子设备。示例性的，移动电子设备可以为手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、车载终端、可穿戴设备、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer，UMPC)、上网本或者个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)等，非移动电子设备可以为个人计算机(personal computer，PC)、电视机(television，TV)、服务器或柜员机等，本发明实施例不作具体限定。
可选的，本发明实施例中，电子设备的壳体中可以设置有至少一个第一凹槽，该至少一个第一凹槽中的每个第一凹槽内可以设置至少一个天线单元。
本发明实施例中，可以通过在电子设备的壳体中设置上述至少一个第一凹槽，并在每个第一凹槽内设置至少一个本发明实施例提供的天线单元，实现在电子设备中集成至少一个本发明实施例提供的天线单元，从而可以使得电子设备中包括本发明实施例提供的天线单元组成的天线阵列。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述第一凹槽可以设置在电子设备的壳体的边框中。
本发明实施例中，如图8所示，电子设备4可以包括壳体40。壳体40可以包括第一金属边框41，与第一金属边框41连接的第二金属边框42，与第二金属边框42连接的第三金属边框43，与第三金属边框43和第一金属边框41均连接的第四金属边框44。电子设备4还可以包括与第二金属边框42和第四金属边框44均连接的地板45，以及设置在第三金属边框43、部分第二金属边框42和部分第四金属边框44所围成的区域的第一天线46(具体的，这些金属边框也可以为第一天线中的一部分)。其中，第二金属边框42上设置有第一凹槽47。如此，本发明实施例提供的天线单元可以设置该第一凹槽内，从而可以使得电子设备中包括本发明实施例提供的天线单元形成的阵列天线模组，进而可以实现在电子设备中集成本发明实施例提供的天线单元的设计。
本发明实施例中，上述地板可以为电子设备中的PCB、金属中框，或者为电子设备的显示屏等任意可以作为虚拟地的部分。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，上述第一天线可以为电子设备的第二代移动通信系统(即2G系统)、第三代移动通信系统(即3G系统)，以及第四代移动通信系统(即4G系统)等系统的通信天线。本发明实施例中的集成在电子设备中的天线单元(金属凹槽、M个馈电部和M个馈电臂单元等部件形成的天线单元)可以为电子设备的5G系统的天线。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述至少一个第一凹槽可以设置在壳体的同一边框中，也可 以设置在不同的边框中。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
可选的，本发明实施例中，电子设备的壳体上可以设置有多个第一凹槽，从而可以在电子设备中设置多个本发明实施例提供的天线单元，从而可以使得电子设备中包括多个天线单元，以提升电子设备的天线性能。
本发明实施例中，当电子设备中设置有多个天线单元时，根据天线单元的结构，可以缩小相邻两个第一凹槽之间的距离，即缩小相邻两个天线单元间隔的距离，如此可以在电子设备包括较少数量的天线单元情况下，增大天线单元中的辐射结构(具体可以为辐射结构中的第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体)辐射的电磁波的波束的扫描角度，从而可以增大电子设备的毫米波天线的扫描范围。
可选的，本发明实施例中，天线单元中的金属凹槽可以为电子设备的壳体的一部分。可以理解，金属凹槽可以为电子设备的壳体上设置的凹槽。
可选的，本发明实施例中，电子设备的壳体可以为电子设备中的非毫米波天线的辐射体。
本发明实施例中，由于电子设备的壳体还可以作为电子设备中非毫米波天线的辐射体，如此可以使得电子设备中的天线(毫米波天线和非毫米波天线)整合为一体，从而可以大幅缩小电子设备中的天线所占用的空间。
可选的，本发明实施例中，上述金属凹槽可以设置在电子设备的壳体的金属边框上。
示例性的，如图9所示，本发明实施例提供的电子设备4的壳体40中可以设置有至少一个金属凹槽201，天线单元中的M个辐射结构和M个馈电部等部件可以设置在金属凹槽201内(实际中，在图9示意的电子设备的角度，金属凹槽是不可见的)。
可选的，本发明实施例中，一个金属凹槽可以设置在壳体的第一金属边框、第二金属边框、第三金属边框，以及第四金属边框中的任意一个金属边框中。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
可以理解，在金属凹槽设置在壳体的边框(例如上述第一金属边框等)的情况下，本发明实施例中的金属凹槽的侧壁、金属凹槽底部等部分均可以为电子设备的一部分，具体可以为本发明实施例提供的壳体的边框的一部分。
本发明实施例中，由于可以基于电子设备的金属边框设置上述金属凹槽，以在金属边框上设置本发明实施例提供的天线单元，因此可以不影响电子设备的金属质感，以保持电子设备的金属边框的完整性，如此可以保持电子设备的金属占比。
另外，使用电子设备的金属边框本身作为天线单元的反射器，以获得较高增益，同时天线单元对电子设备内部的环境和器件不敏感，便于电子设备的结构堆叠的设计。
可选的，本发明实施例中，电子设备的壳体中可以设置多个金属凹槽，并在每个金属凹槽内设置本发明实施例中的M个辐射结构和M个馈电部等部件，以使得电子设备中可以集成多个本发明实施例提供的天线单元，如此这些天线单元可以形成天线阵列，从而可以提高电子设备的天线性能。
本发明实施例中，如图10所示，为本发明实施例提供的天线单元辐射频率为28GHz的信号时，天线单元辐射的方向图；如图11所示，为本发明实施例提供的天线单元辐射频率为39GHz的信号时，天线单元辐射的方向图。由图10和图11可见，天线单元在28GHz的最大辐射方向，与天线单元在39GHz的最大辐射方向相同，因此本发明实施例提供的天线单元适合组成宽带的天线阵列。如此，电子设备可以设置至少两个金属凹槽，并在每个金属凹槽中均设置上述M个辐射结构和M个馈电部等部件，以使得电子设备中包括多个本发明实施例 提供的天线单元，从而可以使得电子设备中包括该天线单元组成的天线阵列，进而可以提高电子设备的天线性能。
可选的，本发明实施例中，在电子设备中集成多个本发明实施例提供的天线单元的情况下，相邻两个天线单元之间间隔的距离(即相邻两个金属凹槽之间间隔的距离)可以根据天线单元的隔离度和该多个天线单元形成的天线阵列的扫描角度确定。具体可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不作限定。
可选的，本发明实施例中，电子设备的壳体中设置的金属凹槽的数量可以根据金属凹槽的尺寸和电子设备的壳体的尺寸确定，本发明实施例对此不作限定。
示例性的，如图12所示，为本发明实施例提供的壳体上设置的多个天线单元在Z轴正向(如图9所示的坐标系)上的仰视图。假设金属凹槽为矩形凹槽，如图12所示，第三金属边框43上设置有本发明实施例提供的多个天线单元(每个天线单元由壳体上的金属凹槽201、设置在金属凹槽底部M个馈电部(未在图中示出)，以及设置在金属凹槽内的M个辐射结构203等部件形成)。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，上述图12是以第三金属边框上设置的4个天线单元为例进行示例性说明的，其并不对本发明实施例形成任何限定。可以理解，具体实现时，第三金属边框上设置的天线单元的数量可以根据实际使用需求确定，本发明实施例不做任何限定。
本发明实施例提供一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括天线单元。该天线单元可以包括：金属凹槽，设置在金属凹槽底部的M个馈电部，以及设置在金属凹槽内的M个辐射结构；其中，该M个辐射结构中的每个辐射结构包括第一辐射体、与第一辐射体的第一端电连接的第二辐射体，以及与第二辐射体电连接的第三辐射体；且每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第二端与M个馈电部中的不同馈电部电连接，以及该M个辐射结构按照第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内，M为大于1的整数。通过该方案，由于辐射结构包括第一辐射体、第二辐射体和第三辐射体，因此当馈电部将交流信号传输到辐射结构上时，经由辐射体的电流的路径可以有多种，例如第一辐射体上形成的电流路径，第一辐射体到第二辐射体的电流路径，第一辐射体到第二辐射体、再到第三辐射体的电流路径等，如此经由辐射结构辐射的电磁波的频率也可以有多个，如此可以使得天线单元获得更宽的带宽，从而可以增加天线单元覆盖的频段。并且由于M个辐射结构按照第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内，因此可以使得该M个辐射结构中的各个辐射结构之间的距离较大，如此可以减小该M个辐射结构之间的干扰，从而可以提高天线单元的端口隔离度，进而可以进一步提高天线单元的性能。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种天线单元，所述天线单元包括：金属凹槽，设置在所述金属凹槽底部的M个馈电部，以及设置在所述金属凹槽内的M个辐射结构；
    其中，所述M个辐射结构中的每个辐射结构包括第一辐射体、与第一辐射体的第一端电连接的第二辐射体，以及与第二辐射体电连接的第三辐射体；且所述每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第二端与所述M个馈电部中的不同馈电部电连接，以及所述M个辐射结构按照第一顺序环绕设置在所述金属凹槽内，M为大于1的整数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线单元，其中，所述M个辐射结构按照所述第一顺序，沿所述金属凹槽的内侧壁，以从辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第一端到第一辐射体的第二端的次序设置在所述金属凹槽内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线单元，其中，所述金属凹槽为矩形凹槽，所述M个辐射结构包括第一辐射结构、第二辐射结构、第三辐射结构和第四辐射结构，所述第一辐射结构、所述第二辐射结构、所述第三辐射结构和所述第四辐射结构沿所述金属凹槽的内侧壁依次设置在所述金属凹槽内；
    其中，所述第一辐射结构和第三辐射结构均与所述金属凹槽的第一内侧壁平行，所述第二辐射结构和第四辐射结构均与所述金属凹槽的第二内侧壁平行，所述第一内侧壁与所述第二内侧壁垂直。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的天线单元，其中，所述每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体和第三辐射体均与所述金属凹槽开口所在的表面平行，所述每个辐射结构中的第二辐射体与第一辐射体和第三辐射体垂直。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的天线单元，其中，所述M个馈电部贯穿所述金属凹槽底部、且与所述金属凹槽绝缘。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的天线单元，其中，所述金属凹槽开口的截面为矩形，所述M个馈电部为四个馈电部，所述四个馈电部中的两个馈电部位于所述金属凹槽的一条对称轴上，所述四个馈电部中的另外两个馈电部位于所述金属凹槽的另一条对称轴上。
  7. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的天线单元，其中，所述天线单元还包括设置在所述金属凹槽内的目标绝缘体，所述目标绝缘体承载所述M个辐射结构；
    其中，所述每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第二端与所述M个馈电部中的不同馈电部，在所述目标绝缘体中电连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的天线单元，其中，所述目标绝缘体包括第一绝缘体和第二绝缘体；
    所述第一绝缘体承载所述M个辐射结构，所述每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第二端与位于所述第二绝缘体中的所述M个馈电部中的不同馈电部电连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的天线单元，其中，所述每个辐射结构中的第三辐射体的表面与所述金属凹槽的开口所在的表面齐平。
  10. 一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括至少一个如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的天线单元。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电子设备，其中，所述电子设备的壳体中设置有至少一个第一凹槽，所述至少一个第一凹槽中的每个第一凹槽内设置至少一个所述天线单元。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的电子设备，其中，所述天线单元中的金属凹槽为所述电子设 备的壳体的一部分。
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CN110911814A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2020-03-24 维沃移动通信有限公司 一种天线单元及电子设备
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CN112421220B (zh) * 2020-10-28 2023-05-26 维沃移动通信有限公司 天线结构及电子设备
CN112599960B (zh) * 2020-11-30 2023-12-08 维沃移动通信有限公司 电子设备
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