WO2021085003A1

WO2021085003A1 - Laminated glass

Info

Publication number: WO2021085003A1
Application number: PCT/JP2020/036675
Authority: WO
Inventors: 裕平儀間; 陽 ▲高▼橋
Original assignee: Ａｇｃ株式会社
Priority date: 2019-10-30
Filing date: 2020-09-28
Publication date: 2021-05-06
Also published as: JP2022177338A; DE112020004272T5

Abstract

This laminated glass comprises a pair of glass plates facing one another, a middle film located between the pair of glass plates, and a plurality of electric conductive thin wires located between the pair of glass plates and heating a see-through region of the pair of glass plates. The see-through region includes a center region and a ribbon-shaped region adjacent to the center region. The amount of heat generation per unit length of the electric conductive thin wires in at least a partial region within the ribbon-shaped region is less than the amount of heat generation per unit length of the electric conductive thin wires in at least a partial region within the center region.

Description

Laminated glass

The present invention relates to laminated glass.

In the window glass of automobiles and railways, in order to eliminate the freezing of water adhering to the window glass in winter and to clear the fogging of the window glass, conductive thin wires that generate heat when energized are placed between a pair of glass plates together with an interlayer film. Laminated glass sandwiched between them is widely known. Such laminated glass is sometimes referred to as electric window glass or electric heating glass.

Specifically, for example, a film produced by preliminarily attaching a thin metal wire to an interlayer film (see, for example, Patent Document 1), or a film in which conductive wiring is formed on a base base material is enclosed. (See, for example,

Patent Documents

2, 3 and 4) and the like.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-72674 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-128370 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-210487 Special Table 2010-500729

However, in laminated glass provided with the above-mentioned conductive thin wires, the vicinity of the conductive thin wires is heated during energization, and the current distortion due to the formation of a temperature distribution in the interlayer film is known as a problem. In particular, in the windshield of an automobile, there is a problem that energization distortion is conspicuous in a band-shaped region located near both sides of the windshield as compared with the central region of the fluoroscopic region, causing discomfort to the driver.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a laminated glass capable of suppressing energization strain generated in a band-shaped region.

The laminated glass is a plurality of conductive films located between a pair of glass plates facing each other, an interlayer film located between the pair of glass plates, and a plurality of conductive regions located between the pair of glass plates and heating a transparent region of the pair of glass plates. The fluoroscopic region includes a central region and a band-shaped region adjacent to the central region, and the amount of heat generated per unit length of the conductive thin wire in at least a part of the strip-shaped region is , It is smaller than the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire in at least a part of the central region.

According to one embodiment of the disclosure, it is possible to provide a laminated glass capable of suppressing energization strain generated in a band-shaped region.

The figure which illustrates the windshield for the vehicle which concerns on 1st Embodiment (the 1) The figure which illustrates the windshield for the vehicle which concerns on 1st Embodiment (the 2) The figure explaining the band-shaped region of the windshield for the vehicle which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The figure which illustrates the windshield for the vehicle which concerns on the modification 1 of 1st Embodiment (the 1) The figure which illustrates the windshield for the vehicle which concerns on the modification 1 of 1st Embodiment (the 2) The figure which illustrates the windshield for the vehicle which concerns on the modification 2 of 1st Embodiment (the 1) The figure which illustrates the windshield for the vehicle which concerns on the modification 2 of 1st Embodiment (the 2) The figure which illustrates the windshield for the vehicle which concerns on the modification 2 of 1st Embodiment (the 3) The figure which illustrates the windshield for the vehicle which concerns on the modification 3 of 1st Embodiment The figure which illustrates the windshield for a vehicle which concerns on modification 4 of 1st Embodiment (the 1) The figure which illustrates the windshield for a vehicle which concerns on modification 4 of 1st Embodiment (the 2) Cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the cross-sectional structure of the windshield It is a figure explaining the laminated glass for evaluation. It is a figure explaining the positional relationship between the laminated glass for evaluation and an observer. It is a figure explaining the Example.

Hereinafter, a mode for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same components may be designated by the same reference numerals and duplicate description may be omitted. Further, in each drawing, the size and shape may be partially exaggerated so that the content of the present invention can be easily understood.

In the following, the vehicle is typically an automobile, but refers to a moving body including a train, a ship, an aircraft, and the like.

Further, the plan view refers to viewing a predetermined region of the laminated glass from the normal direction of the predetermined region, and the planar shape refers to the shape of the predetermined region of the laminated glass viewed from the normal direction of the predetermined region. ..

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a view (No. 1) illustrating the windshield for a vehicle according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 1 (a) schematically shows a state in which the windshield is visually recognized from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle. It is a figure. FIG. 1B is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1A.

In FIG. 1A, for convenience of explanation, the actual curved shape is omitted and the windshield 20 is shown in a plane. In the following explanation, the reference numerals 20 ₁ and the upper edge of the windshield 20, the reference numeral 20 ₂ referred to as lower edge, called the reference numeral 20 ₃ and a left edge portion, referred numeral 20 ₄ and right edges .. Here, when the windshield 20 is attached to the vehicle of a right-hand drive vehicle and viewed from the inside of the vehicle, the upper edge refers to the edge on the roof side of the vehicle, and the lower edge refers to the edge on the engine room side. The left edge refers to the side edge on the passenger seat side, and the right edge refers to the side edge on the driver's seat side.

As shown in FIG. 1, the windshield 20 includes a glass plate 21, a glass plate 22, an interlayer film 23, a shielding layer 24, a conductive thin wire 30, a first bus bar 31, a second bus bar 32, and the like. It is a laminated glass for a vehicle having a third bus bar 33. A test area A defined by UNR43 is defined on the windshield 20.

L indicates the shortest horizontal length when the windshield 20 is attached to the vehicle. That is, the length in the horizontal direction when the windshield 20 is attached to the vehicle is L or more.

The glass plate 21 is a glass plate inside the vehicle that becomes the inside of the vehicle when the windshield 20 is attached to the vehicle. Further, the glass plate 22 is a vehicle outer glass plate that becomes the outer side of the vehicle when the windshield 20 is attached to the vehicle.

The glass plate 21 and the glass plate 22 are a pair of glass plates facing each other, and the interlayer film 23, the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are located between the pair of glass plates. ing. However, the third bus bar 33 may have a portion extending from between the pair of glass plates to the outside of the pair of glass plates, as long as at least a part of the third bus bar 33 is located between the pair of glass plates.

The glass plate 21 and the glass plate 22 are fixed so as to sandwich the interlayer film 23, the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33.

The conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be arranged, for example, between the interlayer film 23 and the glass plate 21. The inner surface of the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 is in contact with the outer surface 21b of the glass plate 21. Further, the outer surfaces of the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are in contact with the inner surface of the interlayer film 23. The interlayer film 23 may be a laminated body composed of a plurality of layers.

The shielding layer 24 is an opaque layer, for example, the peripheral edge of the windshield 20 (upper edge 20 _1, lower edge 20 _2, left edge 20 _3, right edge 20 ₄₎ provided in a strip along the be able to. In the example of FIG. 1, the shielding layer 24 is provided on the inner surface 21a of the glass plate 21. However, the shielding layer 24 may be provided on the vehicle inner surface 22a of the glass plate 22 as needed, or on both the vehicle inner surface 21a of the glass plate 21 and the vehicle inner surface 22a of the glass plate 22. It may be provided.

Due to the presence of the opaque shielding layer 24 on the peripheral edge of the windshield 20, a resin such as urethane that holds the peripheral edge of the windshield 20 on the vehicle body or a bracket that locks the camera or the like is attached to the windshield 20. Deterioration of members due to ultraviolet rays can be suppressed. Also, the bus bar can be hidden.

The shielding layer 24 may be provided on both the glass plate 21 and the glass plate 22, or may be provided on only one of them. The shielding layer 24 is formed by applying a ceramic paste on the surface of the glass plate 21 and / or the glass plate 22 and then firing. The thickness of the shielding layer 24 is preferably 3 μm or more and 15 μm or less. The width of the shielding layer 24 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 mm or more and 300 mm or less.

FIG. 2 is a view (No. 2) illustrating the windshield for a vehicle according to the first embodiment, and is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the windshield is visually recognized from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle. FIG. 2 illustrates a region where the shielding layer 24 is formed.

The shielding layer 24 is provided with a

shielding region

24 ₁ and 24 ₂ are formed along the upper edge 20 ₁ and the lower edge 20 ₂ of the front glass 20, left edge 20 of the windshield 20 ₃ and the right edge 20 ₄ and a

shielding region

24 ₃ and 24 ₄ which are formed along the. In shielding layer 24, from the viewpoint of widening the left and right view of the windshield 20, the width of the

shielding area

24 ₃ and 24 ₄ it is preferably formed smaller than the width of the

shielding area

24 ₁ and 24 _2.

In the windshield 20, the area of the trapezoidal surrounded by a shielding region ₂₄ _1, 24 2, 24 _3, and 24 ₄ are perspective region 28, conductive thin wire 30 shown in FIG. 1 is disposed in the perspective region 28. The conductive thin wire 30 may be provided on the entire surface of the fluoroscopic region 28, or may be provided on a part thereof. Incidentally, FIG. 1 (a) is a transparent state the shielding layer 24, it is illustrated shield layer 24, the shielding area ₂₄ _1, 24 2, 24 _3, and 24 ₄ symbols only. The same applies to each figure described later.

Returning to FIG. 1, the plurality of conductive thin wires 30 can heat the fluoroscopic region 28. The pattern formed by the plurality of conductive thin wires 30 is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, a mesh shape (mesh shape) shown in FIG. 1 (a). The plurality of conductive thin wires 30 may be a straight line, a wavy line (for example, a sine wave, a triangular wave, a rectangular wave, etc.), a combination of a wavy line and a straight line, or the like.

The first bus bar 31 and the second bus bar 32 are arranged to face each other so as to sandwich the conductive thin wire 30 in the perspective region 28 in a plan view and are connected to the conductive thin wire 30, so that power can be supplied to the conductive thin wire 30. The first bus bar 31 is disposed along the upper edge 20 ₁ of the front glass 20, the second bus bar 32 is disposed along the lower edge 20 ₂ of the front glass 20.

The third bus bar 33 is a bus bar that connects the first bus bar 31 and the electrode take-out unit 38, and the second bus bar 32 and the electrode take-out unit 39. That is, the electrode extraction unit 38 is electrically connected to the first bus bar 31 via the third bus bar 33, and the electrode extraction unit 39 is electrically connected to the second bus bar 32 via the third bus bar 33. The electrode take-out

portions

38 and 39 are a pair of electrode take-out portions located at the end of the third bus bar 33 and connected to the positive side and the negative side of the external power supply.

When a voltage is applied between the electrode take-out portion 38 and the electrode take-out portion 39, a current flows through the conductive thin wire 30 connected between the first bus bar 31 and the second bus bar 32, and the conductive thin wire 30 becomes It generates heat. Even if a voltage is applied between the electrode take-out portion 38 and the electrode take-out portion 39, the resistance values of the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are sufficiently lower than those of the conductive thin wire 30. The first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 generate almost no heat.

The first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 is preferably arranged to be concealed in the

shielding region

₂₄ 1, 24 _2, and 24 _3.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a band-shaped region of the windshield for a vehicle according to the first embodiment, and is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the windshield is visually recognized from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the windshield 20 is viewed in a plan view, the perspective region 28 includes a central region C and strip-shaped regions S ₁ and S _{2 adjacent to the central region C.}

The band-shaped region S ₁ is a region outside (left side) of the _{virtual line IL 1} defined by the left edge portion of the test region A and its extension line in the fluoroscopic region 28. Further, the band-shaped region S ₂ is a region outside (right side) of the _{virtual line IL 2} defined by the right edge portion of the test region A and the extension line thereof in the fluoroscopic region 28. The central area C of the perspective region 28, in the perspective region 28 is sandwiched between the band region S ₁ and the band region S ₂ located on the left and right areas.

That is, when the laminated glass 10 is attached to the vehicle, the central region C is a region in which the test region A defined by the UNR 43 and the region A adjacent to the upper and lower sides are combined in the fluoroscopic region 28, and the strip-shaped region S. ₁ and S ₂ are regions adjacent to the left and right of the central region C.

In the windshield 20, the _{amount of heat generated per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the band-shaped region S 1} or S ₂ is determined by the amount of heat generated per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the central region C. It is smaller than the calorific value per unit length of 30.

In at least one of the strip-shaped regions S _{1 and} S _2, the amount of heat generated per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the region is the unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the central region C. It is made smaller than the amount of heat generated per can suppress the energization distortion of the at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S ₂ caused by heat generation during energization.

The calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least one of the strip-shaped regions S ₁ or S ₂ is larger than the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the central region C. The small region may be the entire strip-shaped regions S ₁ and S ₂ , but may be at least 30% or more of at least one of the strip-shaped regions S ₁ or S _2.

That is, the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in both the strip-shaped regions S ₁ and S ₂ is smaller than the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the central region C. do not have to. For example, only the band region S _1, at least a portion of the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in the region, the heat generation per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a partial region of the central region C It may be smaller than the amount. Alternatively, the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the band-shaped region S ₂ is the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the central region C. It may be smaller.

The calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least one of the strip-shaped regions S ₁ or S ₂ and the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the central region C. The difference is preferably 0.14 W / m or more and 1.5 W / m or less, and more preferably 0.56 W / m or more and 1.0 W / m or less. When the difference in calorific value is within this range, the difference in energization strain between the central region and the band-shaped region can be set to a level that is not noticeable.

Here, the calorific value can be calculated by "W = IV = RI ² = V ² / R ... (1)". The relationship between the resistance of the conductive thin wire 30 and the length and cross-sectional area of the conductive thin wire 30 is "R = ρ (L / A) ... (2)". However, W: electric power, V: voltage, I: current, R: resistance, L: length, A: cross-sectional area, ρ: electrical resistivity.

Therefore, according to the equations (1) and (2) _{, in at least one of the strip-shaped regions S 1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the region is determined to be at least a part of the central region C. In order to make it smaller than the amount of heat generated per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in the region, the following may be performed.

That is, in at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S ₂ than at least a portion of the area of the central region C of the perspective region 28, using a metal having a high resistivity as a conductive thin wire 30, the wire diameter of the electroconductive thin line 30 A method such as thinning or thinning the conductive thin wire 30 can be used. Alternatively, two or more of these may be combined.

The calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the band-shaped region S ₁ or S _{2 is preferably 2.1 W / m or less, and preferably 1.7 W / m or less.} More desirable. If the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the band-shaped region S ₁ or S ₂ is 2.1 W / m or less, the energization strain of the _{strip-shaped region S 1} or S _{2 can be suppressed.} .. If the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the band-shaped region S ₁ or S ₂ is 1.7 W / m or less, the energization strain of the _{strip-shaped region S 1} or S _{2 is further suppressed.} it can.

Further, in order to exhibit the performance of ice melting and anti-fog, the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a part of the _{band-shaped region S 1} or S _{2 is 0.6 W / m or more.} Is desirable.

When the driver looks at the front of the vehicle through the windshield 20, the driver recognizes the energization distortion at the position on the windshield 20 where the driver's viewpoint becomes slanted (the angle from the eye point becomes large). Cheap. Therefore, among the band regions S ₁ and S _2, it is effective when the driver's point of view to suppress the inhibition energized strain the heating value of the direction which becomes more oblique. If a vehicle having a windshield 20 is an automobile RHD, the driver's viewpoint becomes more oblique is the band region S ₁ is located in the left edge portion 20 _3. Therefore, among the band regions S ₁ and S _2, at least the amount of heat generated per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in at least a partial region of the band region S ₁ the driver's viewpoint becomes more oblique central region C When the calorific value is suppressed by making it smaller than the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30 in a part of the region, the effect of suppressing the energization strain is particularly remarkable.

Further, the longer the length in the horizontal direction when the windshield 20 is attached to the vehicle, the more the driver's viewpoint tends to be slanted. Therefore, when the horizontal length when attached to the windshield 20 of the vehicle L (see FIG. 1) is not less than 1000 mm, among the band regions S ₁ and S _2, the driver's viewpoint becomes more oblique When the calorific value of the one is suppressed, the effect of suppressing the energization strain is particularly remarkable.

Here, the resistance value between the first bus bar 31 and the second bus bar 32 in the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28 is Rc, and the first bus bar 31 and the second bus bar 32 in the band-shaped regions S ₁ and S ₂ , respectively, Let Rs be the resistance value between them. Then, consider a case where a voltage V is applied between the first bus bar 31 and the second bus bar 32.

In the case of power supply from the vertical direction (vertical power supply) as shown in FIG. 3, since Rc and Rs are connected in parallel, the calorific value Wc of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28 is “Wc = V ² / Rc”. The calorific value Ws of each of the band-shaped regions S ₁ and S ₂ ^{is represented by “Ws = V 2} / Rs”. In other words, by increasing the Rs respect Rc, it is possible to reduce than the calorific value Ws calorific Wc, heat generation can be suppressed energization distortion of the band region S ₁ and S ₂ caused when energized.

In the windshield 20, in at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S _2, the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a partial region of the central region C of the heating value of the perspective area 28 per unit area in at least a region It is preferable to make it smaller than. In at least one of the band-shaped regions S _{1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the region is smaller than the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. in, can be further suppressed energization distortion of the band region S ₁ or S ₂ exotherm caused when energized.

In at least one of the band-shaped regions S _{1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the region is made smaller than the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. the at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S ₂ than at least a portion of the area of the central region C of the perspective region 28, at least part of the region, using a metal having a high resistivity as a conductive thin wire 30, The wire diameter of the conductive thin wire 30 is reduced, the conductive thin wire 30 is thinned, the pitch of the adjacent conductive thin wire 30 is increased, and when the conductive thin wire 30 is a wavy line, the WF of each conductive thin wire 30 is increased. A method such as folding back the conductive thin wire 30 to lengthen the wire length can be used. Alternatively, two or more of these may be combined. Note that WF is a wave factor, which is a value obtained by dividing the line length of a wavy line starting from a point A and ending at a point B by a straight line distance between the point A and the point B.

It is desirable that the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the band-shaped region S ₁ or S ₂ ^{is 600 W / m 2 or less.} More preferably, it is 500 W / m ² or less, and even ^{more preferably 400 W / m 2} or less. When the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the band-shaped region S ₁ or S ₂ ^{is 600 W / m 2} or less, the energization strain of the band-shaped region S ₁ or S _{2 can be suppressed.} When the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the band-shaped region S ₁ or S ₂ ^{is 500 W / m 2} or less, the energization strain of the band-shaped region S ₁ or S _{2 can be further suppressed.} When the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the band-shaped region S ₁ or S ₂ ^{is 400 W / m 2} or less, the energization strain of the band-shaped region S ₁ or S _{2 can be further suppressed.}

Further, in order to exhibit the performance of ice melting and anti-fog, it is desirable that the calorific value per unit area in the _{band-shaped region S 1} or S ₂ ^{is 300 W / m 2 or more.}

However, it is not always necessary to be smaller than the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a partial region of the central region C of the belt-like regions S ₁ and S ₂ of the perspective of the amount of heat generated per unit area in both regions 28. For example, it may be smaller than the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a partial region of the central region C of the belt-like region S ₁ seen through the heating value per unit area in only the region 28. Alternatively, the calorific value per unit area in only the band-shaped region S ₂ may be smaller than the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28.

Next, the materials and the like of each component of the windshield 20 will be described.

[Glass plates 21, 22]
The

glass plates

21 and 22 may be inorganic glass or organic glass. As the inorganic glass, for example, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, non-alkali glass, quartz glass and the like are used without particular limitation. Of these, soda lime glass is particularly preferable. The inorganic glass may be either untempered glass or tempered glass. Untempered glass is made by molding molten glass into a plate shape and slowly cooling it. Tempered glass is formed by forming a compressive stress layer on the surface of untempered glass.

The tempered glass may be either physically tempered glass (for example, wind-cooled tempered glass) or chemically tempered glass. In the case of physically tempered glass, the glass surface that has been uniformly heated in bending molding is rapidly cooled from a temperature near the softening point, and a compressive stress is generated on the glass surface due to the temperature difference between the glass surface and the inside of the glass. May be strengthened.

In the case of chemically tempered glass, the glass surface may be strengthened by generating compressive stress on the glass surface by an ion exchange method or the like after bending molding. Further, glass that absorbs ultraviolet rays or infrared rays may be used, and it is preferable that the glass is transparent, but a glass plate that is colored to such an extent that the transparency is not impaired may be used.

On the other hand, examples of organic glass include transparent resins such as polycarbonate. The shapes of the

glass plates

21 and 22 are not particularly limited to a rectangular shape, and may be a shape processed into various shapes and curvatures. As the bending molding of the

glass plates

21 and 22, gravity molding, press molding or the like is used. The molding method of the

glass plates

21 and 22 is not particularly limited, but for example, in the case of inorganic glass, a glass plate molded by a float method or the like is preferable.

The plate thickness of the

glass plates

21 and 22 is preferably 0.4 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less, more preferably 1.0 mm or more and 2.5 mm or less, and 1.5 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less. Is more preferable, and it is particularly preferable that the thickness is 1.7 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. The

glass plates

21 and 22 may have the same plate thickness or different plate thicknesses. When the plate thicknesses of the

glass plates

21 and 22 are different from each other, it is preferable that the plate thickness of the glass plate located inside the vehicle is thinner. When the thickness of the glass plate located inside the vehicle is thinner, the windshield 20 can be sufficiently reduced in weight if the thickness of the glass plate located inside the vehicle is 0.4 mm or more and 1.3 mm or less.

However, the plate thicknesses of the

glass plates

21 and 22 are not always constant, and may change from place to place as needed. For example, one or both of the

glass plates

21 and 22 may have a cross-sectional wedge-shaped region in which the thickness of the upper end side in the vertical direction when the windshield 20 is attached to the vehicle is thicker than that of the lower end side.

When the windshield 20 has a curved shape, the

glass plates

21 and 22 are bent and molded after being molded by the float method or the like and before being bonded by the interlayer film 23. Bending molding is performed by softening the glass by heating. The heating temperature of the glass during bending is approximately 550 ° C to 700 ° C.

[Intermediate film 23]
A thermoplastic resin is often used as the interlayer film 23. For example, a plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin, a plasticized polyvinyl chloride resin, a saturated polyester resin, a plasticized saturated polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, and a plasticized polyurethane Examples thereof include thermoplastic resins conventionally used for this type of application, such as based resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, and ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer resins. Further, a resin composition containing a modified block copolymer hydride described in JP-A-2015-821 can also be preferably used. The interlayer film 23 is preferably a plasticized polyvinyl acetal-based resin, and more preferably polyvinyl butyral.

The film thickness of the interlayer film 23 is preferably 0.3 mm or more at the thinnest part. When the film thickness of the interlayer film 23 is 0.3 mm or more, the penetration resistance required for the windshield is sufficient. The film thickness of the interlayer film 23 is preferably 2.28 mm or less at the thickest portion. When the maximum value of the film thickness of the interlayer film 23 is 2.28 mm or less, the mass of the laminated glass does not become too large. The film thickness of the interlayer film 23 is preferably 0.3 mm or more and 1 mm or less. Further, the interlayer film 23 may have a wedge shape in cross section because the film thickness is not uniform.

The interlayer film 23 may have a sound insulating function. For example, a sound insulating film capable of improving the sound insulation of laminated glass by forming an interlayer film consisting of three or more layers and lowering the shore hardness of the inner layer to be lower than the shore hardness of the outer layer by adjusting a plasticizer or the like. There may be. In this case, the shore hardness of the outer layer may be the same or different.

To produce the interlayer film 23, for example, the above resin material to be an interlayer film is appropriately selected and extruded in a heat-melted state using an extruder. The extrusion conditions such as the extrusion speed of the extruder are set to be uniform. Then, the extruded resin film may be stretched, for example, if necessary, in order to give curvature to the upper side and the lower side according to the design of the windshield 20.

[Shielding layer 24]
Examples of the shielding layer 24 include a layer formed by applying black ceramic printing ink on a glass plate by screen printing or the like and then firing the ink. In shielding layer 24, the width of the shielding area (either shielded area ₂₄ 1 to 24 _4), the first bus bar 31 disposed in the shielded region, larger than the width of the second bus bar 32, or the third bus bar 33 Is preferable.

When the shielding layer 24 is provided on the inner surface 21a of the glass plate 21, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be concealed by the shielding layer 24 when the windshield 20 is viewed from the inside of the vehicle. , It is preferable that the design of the appearance is not impaired.

Further, when the shielding layer 24 is provided on the inner surface 22a of the glass plate 22, when the windshield 20 is viewed from the outside of the vehicle, the shielding layer 24 causes the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 to be formed. It is preferable because it can be concealed and the design of the appearance is not impaired.

Further, the shielding layer 24 may be provided on both the vehicle inner surface 21a of the glass plate 21 and the vehicle inner surface 22a of the glass plate 22. In this case, when the windshield 20 is viewed from the inside and the outside of the vehicle, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be concealed by the shielding layer 24, which is more preferable without impairing the design of the appearance.

[Conductive thin wire 30, first bus bar 31, second bus bar 32, and third bus bar 33]
The conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be integrally formed of, for example, the same material.

The material of the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductive material, and examples thereof include a metal material. Examples of metal materials include gold, silver, copper, aluminum, tungsten, platinum, palladium, nickel, cobalt, titanium, iridium, zinc, magnesium, tin and the like. Further, these metals may be plated or may be a composite with an alloy or a resin.

When the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are integrally formed of the same material, the forming method may be an etching method such as photolithography, screen printing, inkjet printing, or offset printing. A printing method such as printing, flexographic printing, or gravure printing may be used. In any method, the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be integrally formed of the same material. In this case, the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 may have the same thickness or different thicknesses from each other.

The line width of each conductive thin wire 30 is preferably 25 μm or less, more preferably 20 μm or less, and further preferably 16 μm or less. The narrower the line width of the conductive thin wire 30, the more difficult it is for the driver to see the conductive thin wire 30, and it is possible to prevent the presence of the conductive thin wire 30 from hindering the operation.

The thickness of each conductive thin wire 30 is preferably 20 μm or less, more preferably 12 μm or less, still more preferably 8 μm or less. The thinner the conductive thin wire 30, the smaller the area where the conductive thin wire 30 reflects light, and the less light such as sunlight and headlamps of oncoming vehicles is reflected, so that the reflected light is driven by the driver. It can be prevented from becoming an obstacle.

[Manufacturing method of windshield 20]
As a method for manufacturing the windshield 20, a general manufacturing method can be mentioned, and an example is shown below.

First, the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are formed on the inner surface of the interlayer film 23. The conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be integrally formed of, for example, the same material. The method of forming the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 on the inner surface of the interlayer film 23 may be formed directly on the interlayer film 23, for example. Alternatively, for example, the interlayer film is composed of two or more layers, and another interlayer film having the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 formed on the surface thereof is laminated on one intermediate film. Then, the interlayer film 23 may be used. A detailed description of the latter will be described later.

Next, on the glass plate 21 so that the vehicle outer surface 21b of the glass plate 21 and the vehicle inner surfaces of the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 formed on the interlayer film 23 are in contact with each other. The interlayer film 23 is laminated on the surface to prepare a first laminated body. Then, the glass plate 22 is further laminated on the interlayer film 23 of the first laminated body to prepare the second laminated body.

Then, for example, the second laminate is placed in a rubber bag and bonded at a temperature of about 70 to 110 ° C. in a vacuum of -65 to -100 kPa. Further, for example, by performing a pressure bonding process of heating and pressurizing under the conditions of 100 to 150 ° C. and a pressure of 0.6 to 1.3 MPa, a laminated glass having more excellent durability can be obtained. However, in some cases, this heating and pressurizing step may not be used in consideration of the simplification of the step and the characteristics of the material to be sealed in the laminated glass. The interlayer film 23 is deformed by heating and pressurizing in a vacuum, and the inner surface of the conductive thin wire 30 formed on the interlayer film 23 comes into contact with the outer surface 21b of the glass plate 21.

In addition to the interlayer film 23 and the conductive thin wire 30, infrared reflection, light emission, dimming, visible light reflection, scattering, and addition are applied between the glass plate 21 and the glass plate 22 as long as the effects of the present application are not impaired. It may have a film or device having functions such as decoration and absorption.

As described above, in the windshield 20, in _{at least one of the strip-shaped regions S 1 and} S ₂ , the amount of heat generated per unit length of the conductive thin wire in at least a part of the region is changed to the conductivity in at least a part of the central region C. is made smaller than the amount of heat generated per unit length of sexual thin line, heat generation can be suppressed energization distortion of the band region S ₁ or S ₂ caused when energized.

Moreover, the windshield 20, by setting the Rc and Rs to an appropriate value, in at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S _2, it is possible to reduce the calorific value Ws per unit area in at least a part of the region, conduction sometimes heat generation can be suppressed energization distortion of the band region S ₁ or S ₂ caused.

Further, in the windshield 20, in _{at least one of the strip-shaped regions S 1 and} S ₂ , the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a part of the region is measured per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. is made smaller than the amount of heat generation can be further suppressed energization distortion of the band region S ₁ or S ₂ exotherm caused when energized.

Moreover, the windshield 20, in at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S _2, by reducing the calorific value Ws at least part of the region, it becomes possible to reduce the total power consumption, is to extend the cruising distance of the vehicle it can. That is, with the conventional electric heating glass, only the entire see-through region can be heated uniformly, and there is a problem that power consumption is wasted, and it is difficult to extend the cruising range of the vehicle. However, the windshield 20 So we can solve this problem.

<Modification 1 of the first embodiment>
Modification 1 of the first embodiment shows an example in which each conductive thin wire has a different shape from that of the first embodiment. In the first modification of the first embodiment, the description of the same component as that of the above-described embodiment may be omitted.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a windshield for a vehicle according to a modification 1 of the first embodiment, and is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the windshield is visually recognized from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 4, the windshield 20A differs from the windshield 20 (see FIGS. 1, 3, etc.) in that the conductive thin wire 30 is replaced with the conductive thin wire 30A.

The plurality of conductive thin wires 30 had a mesh-like pattern, but the plurality of conductive thin wires 30A had a linear pattern. The plurality of linear conductive thin wires 30A do not have to be arranged parallel to each other. Further, the plurality of conductive thin wires 30A may be a wavy line (for example, a sine wave, a triangular wave, a rectangular wave, etc.), a combination of the wavy line and a straight line, and the like.

The pitch of the conductive thin wires 30A arranged in the strip-shaped regions S ₁ and S _{2 is preferably 2.8 mm or less.} When the pitch of the conductive thin wires 30A arranged in the strip-shaped regions S ₁ and S ₂ is 2.8 mm or less, the current flowing through each of the conductive thin wires 30A can be suppressed. Further, when the pitch is in this range, the interlayer film is heated uniformly, and it becomes difficult for the temperature distribution to occur.

When each conductive thin wire 30A is a wavy line, the wavelength and period do not have to be constant. Further, when each of the conductive thin wires 30A is a wavy line, the phases of the adjacent conductive thin wires 30A may be aligned or may be out of phase, but if the phases of the adjacent conductive thin wires 30A are out of phase. , It is preferable in that it can suppress the light beam due to the regular scattering of light.

In the example of FIG. 4 _{, in at least one of the strip-shaped regions S 1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30A in at least a part of the region is determined by the conductive thin wire in at least a part of the central region C. to be smaller than the amount of heat generated per unit length of 30A, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S _2, the wire diameter of the electroconductive thin line 30A in at least a part of the region, the central region of the perspective area 28 It is made thinner than the wire diameter of each conductive thin wire 30A in at least a part of C. However, instead of this, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S ₂ than at least a portion of the area of the central region C of the perspective region 28, at least part of the region, a large resistivity as a conductive thin wire 30A A method such as using a metal may be used. Alternatively, two or more of these may be combined.

Further, in FIG. 4, in _{at least one of the strip-shaped regions S 1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the region is the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. It is preferable that the calorific value is smaller than the calorific value. In at least one of the band-shaped regions S _{1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the region is smaller than the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. in, can be further suppressed energization distortion of the band region S ₁ or S ₂ exotherm caused when energized.

In at least one of the band-shaped regions S ₁₁ or S ₂ , the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the region is made smaller than the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. the, for example, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S _2, the wire diameter of the electroconductive thin line 30A in at least part of the region, the conductivity in at least a partial region of the central region C of the perspective area 28 It may be thinner than the wire diameter of the thin wire 30A. However, instead of this, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S ₂ than at least a portion of the area of the central region C of the perspective region 28, at least part of the region, a large resistivity as a conductive thin wire 30A Use metal, increase the pitch of adjacent conductive thin wires 30A, increase the WF of each conductive thin wire 30A when the conductive thin wire 30A is a wavy line, increase the wire length by folding back the conductive thin wire 30A, etc. Method can be used. Alternatively, two or more of these may be combined.

The conductive thin wire 30A, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be integrally formed of, for example, the same material. The forming method in the case where the conductive thin wire 30A, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are integrally formed of the same material is the same as in the case of the first embodiment.

The conductive thin wire 30A, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 may be formed of different materials in the form of being attached to the interlayer film 23 in order. Specifically, for example, first, on the surface of the interlayer film 23 (for example, the surface inside the vehicle), a first-layer bus bar serving as a first bus bar 31, a second bus bar 32, and a third bus bar 33 is formed with the pattern of FIG. Fix it so that it becomes. This fixing can be performed by pressing the first layer bus bar, which is the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33, against the surface of the interlayer film 23 while heating with a soldering iron or the like.

Next, in the interlayer film 23 on which the first layer bus bar is formed, a plurality of conductive thin wires 30A are fixed at predetermined intervals so as to have the pattern shown in FIG. Form. This fixing can be performed by pressing a plurality of conductive thin wires 30A against the surface of the interlayer film 23 while heating them with a soldering iron or the like. When the plurality of conductive thin wires 30A are wavy lines, the plurality of conductive thin wires 30A may be heated and pressed against the surface of the interlayer film 23 while being corrugated.

Next, in the interlayer film 23 on which the first layer bus bar and the conductive thin wire 30A are formed, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are placed on the first layer bus bar with the conductive thin wire 30A interposed therebetween. The second layer bus bar is fixed so as to have the pattern shown in FIG. This fixing can be performed by pressing the second layer bus bar, which is the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33, against the surface of the interlayer film 23 while heating with a soldering iron or the like.

In the above steps, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are formed by the first layer bus bar and the second layer bus bar. Further, a solder layer (not shown) or the like is provided on the surfaces of the first layer bus bar and the second layer bus bar facing each other, and the conductive thin wire 30A is fixed by the solder layer or the like. If the excess conductive thin wire 30A is present, it is removed.

Next, the first laminated body is produced from the interlayer film 23 and the glass plate 21 on which the conductive thin wire 30A, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are formed. Then, the glass plate 22 is further laminated on the interlayer film 23 of the first laminated body to produce the second laminated body, and the windshield 20A can be produced in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

In this way, the plurality of conductive thin lines are not limited to a mesh-like pattern, and may be a straight line, a wavy line (for example, a sine wave, a triangular wave, a square wave, etc.), or a combination of a wavy line and a straight line. Good.

As in the windshield 20B shown in FIG. 5, the first bus bar 31 is extended from the upper edge 20 ₁ to a left edge 20 ₃ and the right edge 20 _4, together a plurality of linear conductive thin wire 30B It may be arranged in parallel. By disposing the first bus bar 31 and second bus bar 32 as shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to align the direction of the electroconductive thin line 30B at the central region C and band region S ₁ and S ₂ of the fluoroscopic area 28, It can be manufactured more easily.

In the example of FIG. 5 _{, in at least one of the strip-shaped regions S 1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30B in at least a part of the region is calculated as the heat generation amount per unit length of the conductive thin wire in at least a part of the central region C. to be smaller than the amount of heat generated per unit length of 30B, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S _2, the wire diameter of the electroconductive thin line 30B in at least part of the region, the central region of the perspective area 28 It is made thinner than the wire diameter of each conductive thin wire 30B in at least a part of C. One conductive thin wire 30B may have a linear thick portion and a thin portion. However, instead of this, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S ₂ than at least a portion of the area of the central region C of the perspective region 28, at least part of the region, a large resistivity as a conductive thin wire 30B Use metal, increase the pitch of adjacent conductive thin wires 30B, increase the WF of each conductive thin wire 30B when the conductive thin wire 30B is a wavy line, increase the wire length by folding back the conductive thin wire 30B, etc. Method can be used. Alternatively, two or more of these may be combined.

Further, in FIG. 5, in _{at least one of the strip-shaped regions S 1 and} S ₂ , the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a part of the region is the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. It is preferably smaller than the amount. In at least one of the band-shaped regions S _{1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the region is smaller than the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. in, can be further suppressed energization distortion of the band region S ₁ or S ₂ exotherm caused when energized.

In at least one of the band-shaped regions S _{1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the region is made smaller than the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. is, for example, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S _2, the wire diameter of the electroconductive thin line 30B in at least part of the region, the electroconductive thin line in at least a partial region of the central region C of the perspective area 28 It may be thinner than the wire diameter of 30B. However, instead of this, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S ₂ than at least a portion of the area of the central region C of the perspective region 28, at least part of the region, a large resistivity as a conductive thin wire 30B Use metal, increase the pitch of adjacent conductive thin wires 30B, increase the WF of each conductive thin wire 30B when the conductive thin wire 30B is a wavy line, increase the wire length by folding back the conductive thin wire 30B, etc. Method can be used. Alternatively, two or more of these may be combined.

<Modification 2 of the first embodiment>
Modification 2 of the first embodiment shows an example in which the feeding direction to the conductive thin wire is different from that of the first embodiment. In the second modification of the first embodiment, the description of the same component as that of the above-described embodiment may be omitted.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a windshield for a vehicle according to a modification 2 of the first embodiment, and is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the windshield is visually recognized from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 6, the windshield 20C, the first bus bar 31 along the left edge 20 ₃ arranged, it is arranged a second bus bar 32 along the right edge 20 _4. That is, the windshield 20C differs from the windshield 20 (see FIG. 1) in that the feeding direction is the left-right direction, which is the vertical direction.

The first bus bar 31 and the second bus bar 32 are arranged to face each other so as to sandwich the conductive thin wire 30C in the perspective region 28 in a plan view and are connected to the conductive thin wire 30C, and can supply power to the conductive thin wire 30C. The plurality of conductive thin wires 30C are linear patterns. However, the plurality of conductive thin wires 30C may be wavy lines (for example, sine wave, triangular wave, square wave, etc.), a combination of wavy lines and straight lines, and the like. Further, a plurality of conductive thin wires 30C may be formed into a mesh-like pattern.

In the case of power supply from the left-right direction (left-right power supply) as shown in FIG. 6, since the above-mentioned Rc and Rs are connected in series, the central region C calorific value Wc of the fluoroscopic region 28 is “Wc = I ² × Rc”. , And the calorific value Ws of each of the band-shaped regions S ₁ and S ₂ ^{is represented by “Ws = I 2} × Rs”. That is, by reducing the Rs respect Rc, the calorific value Ws can be smaller than the calorific value Wc, heat generation can be suppressed energization distortion of the band region S ₁ or S ₂ caused when energized.

In the example of FIG. 6 _{, in at least one of the strip-shaped regions S 1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire 30C in at least a part of the region is calculated as the heat generation amount per unit length of the conductive thin wire in at least a part of the central region C. to be smaller than the amount of heat generated per unit length of 30C, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S _2, the wire diameter of the electroconductive thin line 30C in at least part of the region, the central region of the perspective area 28 It is made thicker than the wire diameter of each conductive thin wire 30C in at least a part of C. However, instead of this, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S ₂ than at least a portion of the area of the central region C of the perspective region 28, at least part of the region, the resistivity as a conductive thin wire 30C small metal You may use a method such as using. Alternatively, two or more of these may be combined.

Further, in FIG. 6, in _{at least one of the strip-shaped regions S 1 and} S ₂ , the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a part of the region is the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. It is preferably smaller than the amount. In at least one of the band-shaped regions S _{1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the region is smaller than the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. in, can be further suppressed energization distortion of the band region S ₁ or S ₂ exotherm caused when energized.

In at least one of the band-shaped regions S _{1 and} S ₂ , the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the region is made smaller than the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. is, for example, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S _2, the wire diameter of the electroconductive thin line 30C in at least part of the region, the electroconductive thin line in at least a partial region of the central region C of the perspective area 28 It may be thicker than the wire diameter of 30C. However, instead of this, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S ₂ than at least a portion of the area of the central region C of the perspective region 28, in at least some areas, a small resistivity as a conductive thin wire 30C Methods such as using metal, reducing the pitch of adjacent conductive thin wires 30C, and reducing the WF of each conductive thin wire 30C when the conductive thin wire 30C is a wavy line can be used. Alternatively, two or more of these may be combined.

As the windshield 20D shown in FIG. 7, in the central region C and band region S ₁ and S ₂ of the fluoroscopic area 28 the wire diameter of the electroconductive thin line 30D the same, at least one strip-like region S ₁ or S ₂ , The conductive thin wire 30D arranged in at least a part of the region may be branched. Also in this case, _{in at least one of the strip-shaped regions S 1 and} S ₂ , the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a part of the region is the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a part of the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28. since it less than the amount, heat generation can be suppressed energization distortion of the band region S ₁ or S ₂ caused when energized.

The conductive thin wire 30C, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be integrally formed of, for example, the same material. The forming method in the case where the conductive thin wire 30C, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are integrally formed of the same material is the same as in the case of the first embodiment. The same applies when the conductive thin wire 30D is used instead of the conductive thin wire 30C.

The conductive thin wire 30C, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 may be formed of different materials in the form of being attached to the interlayer film 23 in order. The forming method in the case where the conductive thin wire 30C, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are sequentially attached to the interlayer film 23 and formed of different materials is the modification of the first embodiment. Same as the case. The same applies when the conductive thin wire 30D is used instead of the conductive thin wire 30C.

As described above, the power feeding direction may be the left-right direction of the windshield or the up-down direction. In particular, when the feed direction is the lateral direction, as the windshield 20E shown in FIG. 8, the upper edge portion 20 ₁ side, electroconductive thin line 30C, not the first bus bar 31, and the second bus bar 32 is present It is easy to provide the region R. In this case, it is preferable that the information transmission / reception area 50, the antenna arrangement area 52, and the like can be defined in the area R.

<Modification 3 of the first embodiment>
Modification 3 of the first embodiment shows another example in which the feeding direction to the conductive thin wire is different from that of the first embodiment. In the third modification of the first embodiment, the description of the same component as that of the above-described embodiment may be omitted.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a windshield for a vehicle according to a modification 3 of the first embodiment, and is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the windshield is visually recognized from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 9, the windshield 20F has two sets of the first bus bar 31 and the second bus bar 32.

The first bus bar 31 ₁ arranged along the left edge 20 _3, the second bus bar 32 ₁ is formed a pair of bus bars arranged in a left edge 20 ₃ side of the lower edge 20 _2. Further, forming the first bus bar 31 ₂ arranged along the right edge 20 _4, the second bus bar 32 a pair of bus bar ₂ is other disposed on the right edge 20 ₄ side of the lower edge portion 20 ₂ doing.

The first bus bar 31 ₁ and the second bus bar 32 ₁ are arranged in an L shape in a plan view. The plurality of conductive thin wires 30F are connected between _{the L-shaped vertical line (first bus bar 31 1} ) and the horizontal line (second bus bar 32 ₁ ) as a pattern having a straight line portion, a curved portion, and the like. .. The plurality of conductive thin wires 30F arranged in the strip-shaped region S ₁ include a linear conductor having one or more folds. Thus, from the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a partial region of the central region C of the belt-like area S ₁ of the calorific perspective regions 28 per unit area of at least arranged in a partial region the electroconductive thin line 30F Can also be made smaller.

The first bus bar 31 ₂ and the second bus bar 32 ₂ is disposed in an L-shape in plan view. Then, a plurality of electroconductive thin line 30F is a pattern having a linear portion and a curved portion, and is connected between the L-shaped vertical lines (a first bus bar 31 ₂₎ with the horizontal line (the second bus bar 32 ₂₎ .. The plurality of conductive thin wires 30F arranged in at least a part of the band-shaped region S _{2 include a linear conductor having one or more folds.} Thus, from the amount of heat generated per unit area in at least a partial region of the central region C of the belt-shaped region S ₂ of the perspective of the amount of heat generated per unit area of at least arranged in a partial region conductive thin line 30F area 28 Can also be made smaller.

However, a plurality of conductive thin wires 30F may be used as a wavy line (for example, a sine wave, a triangular wave, a square wave, etc.) or a combination of a wavy line and a straight line. Further, a plurality of conductive thin wires 30F may be formed into a mesh-like pattern.

That is, the windshield 20F differs from the windshield 20 (see FIG. 1) in that the feeding direction is between the L-shaped vertical line and the horizontal line (L-shaped feeding).

The third bus bar 33 _1, first bus bar 31 ₁ and the electrode extraction portion 38 _1, a bus bar connecting the second bus bar 32 ₁ and the electrode extraction portion 39 _1. The third bus bar 33 _2, first bus bar 31 ₂ and the electrode extraction portion 38 _2, a bus bar connecting the second bus bar 32 ₂ and the electrode extraction portion 39 _2.

When a voltage is applied between the electrode extraction portion 38 ₁ and the electrode extraction portion 39 _1, a current flows to connected electroconductive thin line 30F between the first bus bar 31 ₁ and the second bus bar 32 _1, conductive The thin wire 30F generates heat. Further, when a voltage is applied, current to the first bus bar 31 ₂ and connected to the conductive thin line 30F between the second bus bar 32 ₂ flows between the electrode extraction portion 38 ₂ and the electrode extraction portion 39 ₂ , The conductive thin wire 30F generates heat.

For L-shaped feed shown in FIG. 9, a unit area of at least part of the area in each of the heat generation amount Wc, and band region S ₁ and S ₂ per unit area of at least a portion of the central region C of the perspective area 28 The calorific value Ws per hit is expressed in the same manner as in the case of vertical power supply. Therefore, by increasing the Rs respect Rc, the calorific value Ws can be smaller than the calorific value Wc, heat generation can be suppressed energization distortion of the band region S ₁ or S ₂ caused when energized. The method of increasing Rs with respect to Rc is the same as in the case of vertical power supply.

As described above, the feeding direction may be the left-right direction of the windshield, the vertical direction, or the L-shaped feeding direction. Particularly, in the case of the L-shaped feed, as in the case of FIG. 8 is a lateral feeding, the upper edge portion 20 ₁ side, electroconductive thin line 30F, the first bus bar 31 _1, the first bus bar 31 _2, the second bus bar 32 _1, and the second bus bar 32 ₂ it is easy to provide a region R that does not exist. In this case, it is preferable that the information transmission / reception area 50, the antenna arrangement area 52, and the like can be defined in the area R.

In the example of FIG. 9, the first bus bar 31 ₁ and the second bus bar 32 ₁ form a set of bus bars, and the first bus bar _{3 12} and the second bus bar 32 ₂ form another set of bus bars. There is. However, the configuration is not limited to having two sets of the first bus bar and the second bus bar, and one set of the first bus bar and the second bus bar may be provided. In the case of a configuration having one pair of the first bus bar and the second bus bar, for example, the first bus bar may be arranged at the side edge portion on the passenger seat side, and the second bus bar may be arranged at the lower edge portion. In this configuration, it is possible to suppress the amount of heat generated on the side where the driver's viewpoint is more slanted (passenger seat side) and suppress energization distortion.

<Modification 4 of the first embodiment>
In Modification 4 of the first embodiment, heat of the heating strip-shaped region S ₁ and S ₂ in the central region C of the perspective region 28 in a different circuit (heating independently) shows an example. In the modified example 4 of the first embodiment, the description of the same component as that of the above-described embodiment may be omitted.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a windshield for a vehicle according to a modification 4 of the first embodiment, and is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the windshield is visually recognized from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 10, the windshield 20G, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, in addition to the third bus bar 33, the fourth bus bar 41 ₁ and 41 _2, the fifth bus bar 42 ₁ and 42 _2, 6 busbar and a 43 ₁ and 43 _2.

A first bus bar 31 arranged in the center side of the upper edge portion 20 _1, a second bus bar 32 disposed on the center side of the lower edge portion 20 ₂ is formed a pair of bus bars. Further, the fourth bus bar 41 ₁ disposed at the left edge portion 20 ₃ side of the upper edge portion 20 _1, a fifth bus bar 42 ₁ disposed at the left edge portion 20 ₃ side of the lower edge 20 ₂ other 1 It forms a pair of busbars. Further, the fourth bus bar 41 ₂ disposed on the right edge 20 ₄ side of the upper edge portion 20 _1, a lower edge 20 ₂ of the right edge 20 ₄ fifth bus bar 42 ₂ further other disposed on the side It forms a set of busbars.

The first bus bar 31 and the second bus bar 32 are arranged to face each other so as to sandwich the conductive thin wire 30G arranged in the central region C of the perspective region 28 in a plan view, and are connected to the conductive thin wire 30G in the central region C. , The conductive thin wire 30G in the central region C can be fed. Fourth bus bar 41 _first and fifth bus bar 42 ₁ is disposed opposite so as to sandwich the placed electroconductive thin line 30G to band region S ₁ of the perspective region 28 in plan view, the electroconductive thin line 30G of the band-like region S ₁ are connected, it can be supplied to the electroconductive thin line 30G of the band-like region S _1. Fourth bus bar 41 _second and fifth bus bars 42 ₂ is opposed so as to sandwich the placed electroconductive thin line 30G to band region S ₂ of the fluoroscopic area 28 in a plan view, and a conductive thin wire 30G strip-like region S ₂ are connected, can be supplied to the electroconductive thin line 30G of the strip-shaped region S _2.

The plurality of conductive thin wires 30G are linear patterns. However, a plurality of conductive thin wires 30G may be used as a wavy line (for example, a sine wave, a triangular wave, a square wave, etc.), a combination of a wavy line and a straight line, and the like. Further, a plurality of conductive thin wires 30G may be formed into a mesh-like pattern.

The third bus bar 33 is a bus bar that connects the first bus bar 31 and the electrode take-out unit 38, and the second bus bar 32 and the electrode take-out unit 39. Further, the sixth bus bar 43 _1, the fourth bus bar 41 ₁ and the electrode extraction portion 48 _1, a bus bar for connecting the fifth bus bar 42 ₁ and the electrode extraction portion 49 _1. Further, the sixth bus bar 43 _2, fourth bus bar 41 ₂ and the electrode extraction portion 48 _2, a bus bar for connecting the fifth bus bar 42 ₂ and the electrode extraction portion 49 _2.

When a voltage is applied between the electrode take-out portion 38 and the electrode take-out portion 39, a current flows through the conductive thin wire 30G in the central region C connected between the first bus bar 31 and the second bus bar 32, and the center The conductive thin wire 30G in the region C generates heat. Further, when a voltage is applied between the electrode extraction portion 48 ₁ and the electrode extraction portion 49 _1, the fourth bus bar 41 ₁ and connected to electroconductive thin line of the band-like region S ₁ between the fifth bus bar 42 ₁ current flows through the 30G, electroconductive thin line 30G of the band-like region _{S 1} is heated. Further, when a voltage is applied between the electrode extraction portion 48 ₂ and the electrode extraction portion 49 _2, the fourth bus bar 41 ₂ and connected to electroconductive thin line of the strip-shaped region S ₂ between the fifth bus bar 42 ₂ current flows through the 30G, electroconductive thin line 30G of the strip-shaped region _{S 2} generates heat.

A voltage is applied from the first power source between the electrode extraction portion 38 and the electrode extraction portion 39, applying a voltage from the second power source between the electrode extraction portion 48 ₁ and 48 ₂ and the electrode extraction portion 49 ₁ and 49 ₂ it can. This enables heating the central region C and band region S ₁ and S ₂ of the fluoroscopic area 28 independently. For example, the central area C is heated preferentially high fluoroscopic area 28 priority of deicing and defogging, band region S ₁ and S ₂ when unnecessary than possible not to heat, the total power consumption Can be suppressed.

However, between the electrode extraction portion 38 and the electrode extraction portion 39, as well, it is also possible to heat at the same time by connecting the same power between the electrode extraction portion 48 ₁ and 48 ₂ and the electrode extraction portion 49 ₁ and 49 ₂ Is.

Like the windshield 20H shown in FIG. 11, _{the fourth bus bar 41 1} and the fifth bus bar 42 ₁ _{of the strip-shaped region S 1} and the fourth bus bar 4 _{1 2} and the fifth bus bar 42 ₂ of the strip-shaped region S ₂ are formed at the lower edge portion 20. _It may be aggregated into 2.

In the windshield 20H, similarly to the windshield 20G, the first bus bar 31 and the second bus bar 32 are arranged so as to face each other so as to sandwich the conductive thin wire 30H arranged in the central region C of the fluoroscopic region 28 in a plan view. It is connected to the conductive thin wire 30H in the region C. Fourth bus bar 41 _first and fifth bus bar 42 ₁ is disposed in a left edge 20 ₃ side of the lower edge portion 20 ₂ at predetermined intervals, and is connected to the arranged conductive fine line 30H to band region _{S 1} There is. The fourth bus bar 41 _second and fifth bus bars 42 ₂ is disposed on the right edge 20 ₄ side of the lower edge portion 20 ₂ at predetermined intervals, connected to the arranged conductive fine line 30H to band region _{S 2} Has been done.

Left edge 20 shielding region 24 ₃ is formed along the ₃ and a right edge portion 20 shielded area 24 ₄ formed along the _fourth windshield 20H is for the design improvement often narrows .. Therefore, in many cases sufficient space can not be taken to arrange the bus bars so as to be hidden in the shielded

area

24 ₃ and 24 _4.

By consolidating the busbar strip-like regions _{S 1} and _{S 2} to the lower edge 20 _2, it is possible to reduce the number of bus bars arranged in a left edge 20 ₃ and the right edge 20 _4. Thus, even if the

narrow shielding regions

24 ₃ and 24 _4, can be arranged bus bars so as to be hidden in the shielded

area

24 ₃ and 24 _4.

<Modification example of cross-sectional structure>
Although the cross-sectional structure of the windshield 20 is shown in FIG. 1 (b), the cross-sectional structure of the windshield 20 is not limited to FIG. 1 (b), and in each embodiment and modification, FIGS. 12 (a) to 12 (a) to FIG. It may be deformed as in 12 (c). Note that, in FIGS. 12 (a) to 12 (c), the description of the same component as that of the embodiment already described may be omitted.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the cross-sectional structure of the windshield, and shows a cross section corresponding to FIG. 1 (b).

In FIG. 12A, in FIG. 1B, the single-layer interlayer film 23 is provided on the glass plate 21 side of the first interlayer film 231 and on the glass plate 22 side of the second interlayer film 232. This is an example of changing to a laminated structure with. The first interlayer film 231 and the second interlayer film 232 are in contact with each other. The conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are arranged between the first interlayer film 231 and the glass plate 21.

The film thickness of the first interlayer film 231 is preferably 0.01 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less, more preferably 0.025 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less, and further preferably 0.05 mm or more and 0.1 mm or less. When the film thickness of the first interlayer film 231 is not more than the lower limit, the handleability and handling at the time of manufacturing are excellent. When the film thickness of the first interlayer film 231 is not more than the upper limit, heat transfer to the outside of the glass by energization is excellent.

The film thickness of the second interlayer film 232 is preferably 0.3 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, more preferably 0.4 mm or more and 1.8 mm or less, and further preferably 0.5 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less. When the film thickness of the second interlayer film 232 is at least the lower limit, the penetration resistance is excellent. When the film thickness of the second interlayer film 232 is not more than the upper limit, the weight reduction is excellent.

The Young's modulus of the first interlayer film 231 is preferably larger than the Young's modulus of the second interlayer film 232. Due to the high Young's modulus of the first interlayer film 231, it is excellent in handling even if the film thickness is thin, and because it has rigidity, the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be accurately adjusted. Can be formed into. On the other hand, since the second interlayer film 232 has appropriate flexibility, it satisfies performance related to safety such as penetration resistance of laminated glass. The predetermined Young's modulus of the first interlayer film 231 can be obtained, for example, by adding a small amount of the plasticizer of the polyvinyl acetal-based resin, preferably by not adding the plasticizer.

In order to produce the laminated windshield having the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 12A, first, the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 32 are formed on the inner surface of the vehicle of the first interlayer film 231. The bus bar 33 is formed. The conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be integrally formed of the same material by the method described above. Alternatively, the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 may be formed of different materials in the form of being sequentially attached to the first interlayer film 231 by the method described above.

Next, the glass plate is brought into contact with the vehicle outer surface 21b of the glass plate 21 and the vehicle inner surfaces of the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 formed on the first interlayer film 231. The first interlayer film 231 is laminated on 21 to prepare a first laminated body. Then, the second intermediate film 232 and the glass plate 22 are sequentially laminated on the first intermediate film 231 of the first laminated body to prepare the second laminated body. Then, by heating and pressurizing the second laminated body in a vacuum as described above, a laminated glass having the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 12A can be produced.

In FIG. 12 (b), in FIG. 1 (b), the single-layer interlayer film 23 is provided on the glass plate 21 side of the first interlayer film 231 and on the glass plate 22 side of the second interlayer film 232. This is another example of changing to a laminated structure with. The conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are arranged between the first intermediate film 231 and the second intermediate film 232.

The suitable film thickness and Young's modulus of the first interlayer film 231 and the second interlayer film 232 are the same as in the case of FIG. 12A.

In order to produce the laminated glass having the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 12B, first, the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar are formed on the outer surface of the vehicle of the first interlayer film 231. Form 33. The conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be integrally formed of the same material by the method described above. Alternatively, the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 may be formed of different materials in the form of being sequentially attached to the first interlayer film 231 by the method described above.

Next, the first interlayer film 231 is laminated on the glass plate 21 so that the outer surface 21b of the glass plate 21 and the inner surface of the first interlayer film 231 are in contact with each other to prepare the first laminated body. Next, the second interlayer film is in contact with the outer surfaces of the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 formed on the first interlayer film 231 of the first laminated body. The 232 is laminated, and the glass plate 22 is further laminated to prepare a second laminated body. Then, by heating and pressurizing the second laminated body in a vacuum as described above, a laminated glass having the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 12B can be produced. The second intermediate film 232 is deformed by heating and pressurizing in a vacuum, and the second intermediate film 232 comes into contact with the first intermediate film 231.

In FIG. 12 (c), in FIG. 1 (b), the single-layer interlayer film 23 is provided as a first interlayer film 231 provided on the glass plate 21 side and a second intermediate film 232 provided on the glass plate 22 side. This is yet another example in which the structure is changed to a laminated structure with. The conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 are formed on the inner surface of the base material 25 arranged between the first interlayer film 231 and the second interlayer film 232. Has been done.

The base material 25 serves as a support for forming the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33. As the base material 25, for example, a film-like base material such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, cyclic polyolefin, or polyvinyl butyral can be used. The thickness of the base material 25 can be, for example, about 25 to 150 μm.

In order to produce the laminated glass having the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 12 (c), first, a conductive thin wire 30, a first bus bar 31, a second bus bar 32, and a third bus bar 33 are formed on the inner surface of the base material 25. Form. The conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 can be integrally formed of the same material by the method described above. Alternatively, the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 may be formed of different materials in the form of being sequentially attached to the first interlayer film 231 by the method described above.

Next, the first interlayer film 231 is arranged on the outer surface 21b of the glass plate 21. Further, the inner surface of the conductive thin wire 30, the first bus bar 31, the second bus bar 32, and the third bus bar 33 formed on the base material 25 is in contact with the outer surface of the first interlayer film 231. The base material 25 is placed on the first interlayer film 231 to prepare the first laminated body. Then, the second interlayer film 232 and the glass plate 22 are sequentially laminated on the base material 25 of the first laminated body to prepare the second laminated body. Then, by heating and pressurizing the second laminated body in a vacuum as described above, a laminated glass having the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 12C can be produced. The first intermediate film 231 is deformed by heating and pressurizing in a vacuum, and the first intermediate film 231 comes into contact with the base material 25.

As described above, the cross-sectional structure of the windshield can be in various forms, and the interlayer film 23 may be a laminated structure of a plurality of interlayer films.

[Example]
Examples will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Example 1)
As shown in the plan view of FIG. 13, a laminated glass 300A simulating a windshield was produced as an evaluation sample. The laminated glass 300A has a trapezoidal shape in a plan view, and has a central region 301 and band-shaped

regions

302 and 303 on both sides of the central region 301.

The central region 301 has a trapezoidal shape with an upper base La = 900 mm, a lower base Lb = 1100 mm, and a height Lc = 850 mm. The band-shaped

regions

302 and 303 are parallelograms having a width W1 = W2 = 200 mm from the left and right ends of the laminated glass 300A. The cross-sectional shape was as shown in FIG. 1 (b).

The method for manufacturing the laminated glass 300A is as follows.

First, a copper foil having a thickness of 9 μm was attached to a PET film having a thickness of 100 μm, and then etched using photolithography to form conductive thin wires. Then, the first bus bar is arranged on the upper side and the second bus bar is arranged on the lower side, and the third bus bar for taking out the electrode is arranged outside the laminated glass 300A with the minimum length (about 100 mm) and arranged on the upper and lower sides respectively, and is conductive. A PET film with a fine wire was produced.

Next, two glass plates (commonly known as FL manufactured by AGC, plate thickness 2 mm) and two interlayer films (PVB manufactured by Solusia Japan, thickness 0.38 mm) were prepared. Then, a glass plate / interlayer film / PET film with conductive thin wire / interlayer film / glass plate were laminated in this order to prepare a laminated body. Next, this laminate is placed in a rubber bag, bonded in a vacuum of -65 to -100 kPa at a temperature of about 70 to 110 ° C., and further, under the conditions of 100 to 150 ° C. and a pressure of 0.6 to 1.3 MPa. A crimping treatment was carried out by heating and pressurizing with a laminated glass 300A.

In the laminated glass 300A, the calorific value per unit area of each of the central region 301 and the strip-shaped

regions

302 and 303, the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire, the pitch, the wire diameter, and the wave factor are shown in FIG. As shown in Example 1 of the above.

(Example 2)
A laminated glass having the shape shown in FIG. 13 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 (for convenience, the laminated glass is 300B).

In the laminated glass 300B, the calorific value per unit area of each of the central region 301 and the strip-shaped

regions

302 and 303, the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire, the pitch, the wire diameter, and the wave factor are shown in FIG. As shown in Example 2 of the above.

(Example 3)
A laminated glass having the shape shown in FIG. 13 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 (for convenience, the laminated glass is 300C).

In the laminated glass 300C, the calorific value per unit area of each of the central region 301 and the strip-shaped

regions

302 and 303, the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire, the pitch, the wire diameter, and the wave factor are shown in FIG. As shown in Example 3 of the above.

(Example 4)
A laminated glass having the shape shown in FIG. 13 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 (for convenience, the laminated glass is 300D).

In the laminated glass 300D, the calorific value per unit area of each of the central region 301 and the strip-shaped

regions

302 and 303, the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire, the pitch, the wire diameter, and the wave factor are shown in FIG. As shown in Example 4 of the above.

(Evaluation)
FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the laminated glass for evaluation and the observer, and the laminated glass 300A is arranged on a horizontal plane at the same angle as when the laminated glass 300A is mounted on the vehicle as a windshield, and is regarded as a driver. It is a schematic cross-sectional view when cut in the direction parallel to the horizontal plane at the height of the line of sight of the observer 400. In FIG. 14, the X direction shows the left-right direction of the vehicle when the laminated glass 300A is mounted on the vehicle as the windshield, and the Y direction shows the front-rear direction of the vehicle when the laminated glass 300A is mounted on the vehicle as the windshield.

As shown in FIG. 14, first, the laminated glass 300A was arranged on the horizontal plane at the same angle as when the laminated glass 300A was mounted on the vehicle as a windshield. At this time, considering the positional relationship with the driver when the laminated glass 300A is mounted on the vehicle as a windshield, the distance Ld = 0.3 m in the X-direction from the right end of the laminated glass 300A, and the laminated glass 300A The observer 400 was placed at a position separated from the inner surface of the vehicle in the Y-direction by a distance Le = 0.9 m. Further, the angle θ between the viewpoint position of the observer 400 and the center of the band-shaped region 302 was set to 55 degrees.

Next, for the third bus bar of the laminated glass 300A, the voltage of 11.5 [V] is added from 14 [V] assuming the vehicle voltage to the voltage loss due to the resistance of the third bus bar and the harness in the actual product form. Was applied. Then, the energization strain of the central region 301 and the band-shaped region 302 on the opposite side of the observer 400 was confirmed from the position of the observer 400, and the strength of the energization strain was evaluated on a scale of 0 to 3.

Here, 0 is a level at which energization distortion is not felt, 1 is a level at which energization distortion can be slightly recognized but hardly noticeable, 2 is a level at which energization distortion can be recognized but is acceptable, and 3 is a level at which energization distortion can be recognized and is unacceptable. 0 and 1 were set to ⊚ (pass), 2 was set to 〇 (pass), and 3 was set to x (fail).

The laminated glass 300B to 300D was also evaluated in the same manner as the laminated glass 300A. The results are shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 15, the laminated glass 300B of Example 2 in which the calorific value Wws per unit length of the conductive thin wire in the strip-shaped region 302 and the calorific value Wwc per unit length of the conductive thin wire in the central region 301 are equal. The energization strain in the central region 301 was acceptable (⊚), but the energization strain in the strip region 302 was × (failed) at an unacceptable level.

On the other hand, the laminated glass 300A of Example 1 in which the calorific value Wws per unit length of the conductive thin wire in the strip-shaped region 302 is smaller than the calorific value Wwc per unit length of the conductive thin wire in the central region 301, eg. In the laminated glass 300C of No. 3 and the laminated glass 300D of Example 4, the energization strain of the central region 301 was all passed (⊚), and the energization strain of the band-shaped region 302 was also passed (〇 or ◎).

In particular, in the laminated glass 300A of Example 1 and the laminated glass 300D of Example 4 in which the calorific value Wws per unit length of the conductive thin wire in the strip-shaped region 302 is 1.7 W / m or less, the energization strain in the central region 301 is any. Was also passed (⊚), and the energization distortion of the band-shaped region 302 was also passed (⊚).

As described above, if the calorific value Wws per unit length of the conductive thin wire in the strip-shaped region 302 is smaller than the calorific value Wwc per unit length of the conductive thin wire in the central region 301, the energization strain of the central region 301 also increases. It was found that the energization strain of the band-shaped region 302 was also at an acceptable level.

Further, when the calorific value Wws per unit length of the conductive thin wire in the strip-shaped region 302 is 1.7 W / m or less, the current-carrying strain of the strip-shaped region 302 is not felt or the current-carrying strain can be recognized slightly. It turned out that it can be reduced to a level that is almost unnoticeable.

Although the preferred embodiments and the like have been described in detail above, they are not limited to the above-described embodiments and the like, and various modifications and substitutions are made to the above-mentioned embodiments and the like without departing from the scope of claims. Can be added.

For example, in each embodiment and modification, an example in which the conductive thin wire and each bus bar are arranged on the glass plate 21 side inside the vehicle is shown. However, the conductive thin wire and each bus bar may be arranged on the glass plate 22 side on the outside of the vehicle.

This international application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-197372 filed on October 30, 2019, and the entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-197372 are incorporated into this international application. ..

20,20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E, 20F, 20G, 20H windshield 20 ₁ upper edge 20 ₂ lower edge 20 ₃ left edge portion 20 ₄

right edge

21, 22

glass plates

21a, 21b, 22a face 23 intermediate film 24 shielding layer ₂₄ _1, 24 _2, 24 3, 24 ₄ shielding region 25 substrate 28

transparent region

30,30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F, 30G, 30H electroconductive thin line 31 _1, 31 ₂

first bus bar

32, 32 _1, 32 ₂ second bus bar 33 _1, 33 ₂ third bus bar 38 _1, ₃₈ _2, 39 _1, ₃₉ 2, 48 _1, 48 2, ₄₉ 1, 492 ₂ Electrode take-out section 41 ₁ , 41 ₂ 4th bus bar 42 ₁ , 42 ₂ 5th bus bar 43 ₁ , 43 ₂ 6th bus bar 50 Information transmission / reception area 52 Antenna arrangement area 231 1st interlayer film 232 2nd interlayer film

Claims

A pair of glass plates facing each other and
An interlayer film located between the pair of glass plates and
It is located between the pair of glass plates and has a plurality of conductive thin wires that heat the see-through region of the pair of glass plates.
The fluoroscopic region includes a central region and a band-shaped region adjacent to the central region.
A laminated glass in which the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire in at least a part of the strip-shaped region is smaller than the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire in at least a part of the central region.
When the laminated glass is attached to the vehicle,
The central region is a region in which the test region A defined by UNR43 and the region A vertically adjacent to the test region A are combined in the fluoroscopic region.
The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the strip-shaped region is a region adjacent to the left and right of the central region.
The laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the calorific value per unit length of the conductive thin wire in at least a part of the strip-shaped region is 0.6 W / m or more and 2.1 W / m or less.
The combination according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the conductive thin wire arranged in the strip-shaped region and the conductive thin wire arranged in the central region have different wire diameters at least in part. Glass.
The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the conductive thin wire arranged in the strip-shaped region and the conductive thin wire arranged in the central region have different pitches at least in a part thereof. ..
The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pitch of the conductive thin wires arranged in at least a part of the strip-shaped region is 2.8 mm or less.
The combination according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the band-shaped region is smaller than the calorific value per unit area in at least a part of the central region. Glass.
The laminated glass includes a side edge portion on the driver's seat side, a side edge portion on the passenger seat side, an upper edge portion, and a lower edge portion when the laminated glass is attached to the vehicle and viewed from the inside of the vehicle.
A first bus bar and a first bus bar arranged at at least two of the side edge portion on the driver's seat side, the side edge portion on the passenger seat side, the upper edge portion, and the lower edge portion to supply power to the conductive thin wire. 2. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which has a bus bar.
The laminated glass according to claim 8, wherein the first bus bar is arranged at the upper edge portion, and the second bus bar is arranged at the lower edge portion.
The laminated glass according to claim 8, wherein the first bus bar is arranged on the side edge portion on the driver's seat side, and the second bus bar is arranged on the side edge portion on the passenger seat side.
It has two sets of the first bus bar and the second bus bar.
In one set, the first bus bar is arranged on the side edge portion on the passenger seat side, and the second bus bar is arranged on the side edge portion side on the passenger seat side of the lower edge portion.
In the other set, the first bus bar is arranged on the side edge portion on the driver's seat side, and the second bus bar is arranged on the side edge portion on the driver's seat side of the lower edge portion. Laminated glass as described in.
Having one set of the first bus bar and the second bus bar,
The laminated glass according to claim 8, wherein the first bus bar is arranged on the side edge portion on the passenger seat side, and the second bus bar is arranged on the lower edge portion.
The first bus bar and the second bus bar supply power to the conductive thin wire arranged in the central region.
It has a fourth bus bar and a fifth bus bar that supply power to the conductive thin wire arranged in the strip-shaped region.
The laminated glass according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the strip-shaped region can be heated independently of the central region.
The laminated glass according to claim 13, wherein at least two of the first bus bar, the second bus bar, the fourth bus bar, and the fifth bus bar are arranged at the lower edge portion.
The laminated glass according to claim 14, wherein the fourth bus bar and the fifth bus bar are arranged at the lower edge portion.