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WO2019207171A1 - A photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system and method - Google Patents

A photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019207171A1
WO2019207171A1 PCT/EP2019/066523 EP2019066523W WO2019207171A1 WO 2019207171 A1 WO2019207171 A1 WO 2019207171A1 EP 2019066523 W EP2019066523 W EP 2019066523W WO 2019207171 A1 WO2019207171 A1 WO 2019207171A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power generation
working medium
storage element
endothermic
unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/066523
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French (fr)
Other versions
WO2019207171A8 (en
Inventor
Yann Le Moullec
Huiqi WANG
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Electricite De France
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Publication date
Application filed by Electricite De France filed Critical Electricite De France
Publication of WO2019207171A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019207171A1/en
Publication of WO2019207171A8 publication Critical patent/WO2019207171A8/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/001—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy having photovoltaic cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
    • F03G6/067—Binary cycle plants where the fluid from the solar collector heats the working fluid via a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/071—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with energy storage devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates to a technical field of solar photothermal power generation, in particular to a photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system and method.
  • Solar energy is a clean renewable energy source, and China is a country with abundant solar energy reserves, especially in the northwest region, with flat terrain, abundant sunshine, long sunshine hours and dry climate, which are conducive to the construction of photothermal power stations.
  • most of the second-photothermal projects use molten salt as the endothermic working medium to absorb the heat energy converted by solar energy, and then used to heat the steam, supercritical carbon dioxide and other working medium for power generation.
  • the current power generation cycle efficiency of this type of system still needs to be improved.
  • the most direct way to improve the power generation cycle efficiency is to improve the operating parameters, such as pressure and temperature parameters.
  • the molten salt working temperature of the molten salt photothermal power station is 500 °C -600 °C. If a new molten salt is used in the future, the temperature of the heat absorber can reach 700 °C, but the problem of material selection and design will increase the manufacturing cost of the heat absorber. On the other hand, the higher the operating temperature of the photothermal collector, the greater the heat lost. For example, the heat loss rate of the photothermal collector can reach about 10% under the working condition of 550 °C, and the heat loss can reach 20% when the working condition reaches 700 °C. Therefore, the heat loss of the current endothermic medium causes the energy utilization rate to be low.
  • the inventors have found that the prior art has at least the following problems: on one hand, for a photothermal collector, the higher the temperature, the higher the heat loss, and on the other hand, the final temperature of the endothermic working medium, the higher the power generation efficiency and the higher the energy utilization rate, and there is currently no effective solution to the contradiction between the photothermal power generation.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system and method, which can avoid the problem of high heat loss of the photothermal collector under high temperature conditions, and simultaneously improve the operating temperature of the subsequent power generation cycle process, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency of the power generation system.
  • the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system provided by the present invention based on the above object comprising:
  • an endothermic working medium storage unit comprising a first storage element, a second storage element and a third storage element; the first storage element, the second storage element and the third storage element are respectively configured to store the endothermic working mediums at different temperature stages and conveyed to the heat exchange unit;
  • a concentrating heating unit disposed between the first storage element and the second storage element for transporting the endothermic working medium in the first storage element to the second storage element after concentrating and heating; an auxiliary electric heating unit disposed between the second storage element and the third storage element for electrically transporting the heat absorbing medium in the second storage element to the third storage element after being electrically heating;
  • a photovoltaic power generation unit connected to the auxiliary electric heating unit for performing photovoltaic power generation and providing power to the auxiliary electric heating unit;
  • a heat exchange unit disposed between the third storage element and the power generating unit for heat exchange processing of the endothermic working medium in the third storage element and the power generation working medium in the power generation unit, and transporting the endothermic working medium after heat exchange to the first storage element, and transporting the power generation working medium after heat exchange to the power generating unit;
  • a power generating unit configured to generate electricity by the power generation working medium output by the heat exchange unit.
  • the concentrating heating unit comprises a heliostat field and a photothermal collector; a plurality of heliostats are disposed in the heliostat field, and the solar rays are collected by the heliostat to the photothermal collector, the photothermal collector is used to heat the endothermic working medium.
  • the auxiliary electric heating unit comprises an electric heater that is powered by the photovoltaic power generation unit and heats the endothermic working medium in the second storage element.
  • the photovoltaic power generation unit comprises a photovoltaic power generation device and an AC inverter device composed of a plurality of solar power generation panels; the photovoltaic power generation device is configured to perform photovoltaic power generation through a solar power generation panel and input AC power to the auxiliary electric heating unit.
  • the heat exchange unit comprises a heat exchanger for converting the thermal energy in the endothermic working medium into the power generation working medium.
  • the power generation unit comprises a turbine, a generator, and a cold source; the turbine is configured to input the energy in the power generation working medium into the generator for power generation through conversion; the cold source is used to implement heat dissipation of the device.
  • a working medium pressure transporting device which is used for pressurized transporting the endothermic working medium and the power generation working medium;
  • an energy saving working waste heat device for connecting with the endothermic working medium after heat exchange and absorbing the waste heat of the endothermic working medium, or connecting with the power generation working medium after power generation and absorbing the waste heat of power generation working medium.
  • the endothermic working medium is a transportable fluid medium, and the endothermic working medium is a mixture or a single fluid with stable chemical characteristics at not less than 400 degrees Celsius.
  • the temperature range of the endothermic working medium in the second storage element is controlled to be 550 degrees to 600 degrees; and the temperature range of the endothermic working medium in the third storage element is controlled to be 650 degrees to 700 degrees.
  • the present invention also provides a power generation method using the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system according to any of the above, comprising:
  • the power source of the auxiliary electric heating unit is a photovoltaic power generation unit
  • the power generation unit generates electricity through the power generation working medium.
  • the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system and method provided by the present invention provide a plurality of storage elements for storing the endothermic working medium at different temperature stages. Therefore, the photothermal collector in the concentrating heating unit does not need to be in a high temperature condition, thereby reducing the high temperature heat loss of the photothermal collector, that is, the utilization of the light source can be improved, and meanwhile, by using photovoltaic power generation to supply the electric heaters, on the one hand, the characteristics of photovoltaic power generation and photovoltaic power generation can be fully utilized, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the overall power generation system, and on the other hand, the endothermic working medium entering the heat exchange unit can be further heated to a higher temperature to exchange heat with the power generation working medium to realize power generation, which can further improve the power generation efficiency of the overall working medium cycle. Therefore, the present invention can avoid the problem of high heat loss of the photothermal collector under high temperature conditions, and meanwhile improve the operating temperature of the subsequent power generation cycle,
  • Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of one embodiment of the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system provided by the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of one embodiment of the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system provided by the present invention.
  • the inventor of the present invention found that the current cycle power generation efficiency of the power generation system and the utilization rate of the light source are difficult to reach a desired state based on the research on the existing photothermal power generation system. Further research found that the key is that the current photothermal collector directly enters the heat exchange system after the heat treatment of the endothermic working medium, and in order to ensure better heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchange system, it is necessary to ensure that the endothermic working medium has a higher temperature, so that the working condition of the photothermal collector is at a higher temperature, which will inevitably lead to further increase in the high temperature heat loss of the photothermal collector.
  • the present invention proposes a scheme that can utilize stepwise heating, and use the photothermal collector in a medium-temperature heating condition with high efficiency, and then the heating medium is further heated to a high temperature by photovoltaic power generation, thereby improving the overall cycle power generation efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 it is a structural block diagram of one embodiment of the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system provided by the present invention.
  • the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system described in the present invention comprising:
  • an endothermic working medium storage unit 1 comprising a first storage element 11, a second storage element 12 and a third storage element 13; the first storage element 11, the second storage element 12 and the third storage element 13 are respectively configured to store the endothermic working mediums at different temperature stages and conveyed to the heat exchange unit 5;
  • the first storage element 11, the second storage element 12, and the third storage element 13 are all insulated storage tanks having a heat insulating layer, wherein the storage elements here usually has an inlet for the input of the endothermic working medium and an outlet for the output of the endothermic working medium, and the transportation pipeline can be used for transporting the endothermic working medium between different storage tanks or between the remaining units.
  • first storage element 11, the second storage element 12, and the third storage element 13 generally correspond to a low temperature storage tank, a medium temperature storage tank, and a high temperature storage tank.
  • the low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature are relative to different working conditions of the endothermic working medium.
  • a concentrating heating unit 2 disposed between the first storage element
  • the concentrating heating unit 2 can only perform preliminary heating on the endothermic working medium, and does not need to be heated to the highest working condition, thereby avoiding the problem of high temperature heat loss of the photothermal collector in the concentrating heating unit 2.
  • the concentrating heating unit 2 may heat the endothermic working medium output in the first storage element 11, or may directly heat the endothermic working medium in the first storage element 11.
  • the concentrating heating unit 2 comprises a heliostat field and a photothermal collector; a plurality of heliostats are disposed in the heliostat field, and the solar rays are collected by the heliostat to the photothermal collector, the photothermal collector is used to heat the endothermic working medium.
  • An auxiliary electric heating unit 3 is disposed between the second storage element 12 and the third storage element 13 for electrically transporting the heat absorbing medium in the second storage element 12 to the third storage element 13 after being electrically heating;
  • the auxiliary electric heating unit 3 comprises an electric heater that is powered by the photovoltaic power generation unit and heats the endothermic working medium in the second storage element 12. In this way, the endothermic working medium can be further heated to a higher working condition for heat exchange power generation.
  • a photovoltaic power generation unit 4 connected to the auxiliary electric heating unit 3 for performing photovoltaic power generation and providing power to the auxiliary electric heating unit;
  • the photovoltaic power generation unit 4 comprises a photovoltaic power generation device and an AC inverter device composed of a plurality of solar power generation panels; the photovoltaic power generation device is configured to perform photovoltaic power generation through a solar power generation panel and input AC power to the auxiliary electric heating unit 3.
  • photovoltaic power generation can be used to further heat the endothermic working medium to improve the working condition of the final heat exchange power generation, thereby improving the cycle power generation efficiency
  • the advantages of photovoltaic power generation and photothermal power generation can be fully utilized to achieve the complementary advantages of the two, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the overall power generation system.
  • a heat exchange unit 5 disposed between the third storage element and the power generating unit for heat exchange processing of the endothermic working medium in the third storage element and the power generation working medium in the power generation unit, and transporting the endothermic working medium after heat exchange to the first storage element, and transporting the power generation working medium after heat exchange to the power generating unit
  • the heat exchange unit 5 comprises a heat exchanger for converting the thermal energy in the endothermic working medium into the power generation working medium.
  • a power generating unit 6 configured to generate electricity by the power generation working medium output by the heat exchange unit.
  • the power generation unit 6 comprises a turbine, a generator, and a cold source; the turbine is configured to input the energy in the power generation working medium into the generator for power generation through conversion; the cold source is used to implement heat dissipation of the device.
  • the cold source may employ a condenser or other cooling device.
  • the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system provided by the present invention provide a plurality of storage elements for storing the endothermic working medium at different temperature stages. Therefore, the photothermal collector in the concentrating heating unit does not need to be in a high temperature condition, thereby reducing the high temperature heat loss of the photothermal collector, that is, the utilization of the light source can be improved, and meanwhile, by using photovoltaic power generation to supply the electric heaters, on the one hand, the characteristics of photovoltaic power generation and photovoltaic power generation can be fully utilized, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the overall power generation system, and on the other hand, the endothermic working medium entering the heat exchange unit can be further heated to a higher temperature to exchange heat with the power generation working medium to realize power generation, which can further improve the power generation efficiency of the overall working medium cycle. Therefore, the present invention can avoid the problem of high heat loss of the photothermal collector under high temperature conditions, and meanwhile improve the operating temperature of the subsequent power generation cycle,
  • the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system further comprising a working medium pressure transporting device, which is used for pressurized transporting the endothermic working medium and the power generation working medium; in this way, the endothermic working medium can have sufficient transporting power in different storage tanks or units to ensure stable and safe operation of the entire power generation system.
  • an energy saving working waste heat device for connecting with the endothermic working medium after heat exchange and absorbing the waste heat of the endothermic working medium, or connecting with the power generation working medium after power generation and absorbing the waste heat of power generation working medium.
  • the energy saving working waste heat device can be selected as any device that can utilize thermal energy. In this way, the waste heat can be fully utilized to avoid energy waste.
  • the endothermic working medium is a transportable fluid medium, and the endothermic working medium is a mixture or a single fluid with stable chemical characteristics at not less than 400 degrees Celsius.
  • the temperature range of the endothermic working medium in the second storage element is controlled to be 550 degrees to 600 degrees, thereby the outlet temperature of the electric heating unit can be reached to a designed higher temperature, and ensure the stable operation of the electric heating unit, for example, the temperature is 550 degrees, 560 degrees, 570 degrees, 580 degrees, 590 degrees, 600 degrees, and the like; and the temperature range of the endothermic working medium in the third storage element is controlled to be 650 degrees to 700 degrees, thereby ensuring efficient and stable operation of the back-end power generation unit, for example, the temperature is 650 degrees, 660 degrees, 670 degrees, 680 degrees, 690 degrees, 700 degrees, and the like. Therefore, the high temperature heat loss can be reduced as much as possible while ensuring the full utilization of the photothermal collector, and the subsequent photovoltaic power generation is combined to optimize the working temperature of the subsequent endothermic working medium to achieve better heat exchange power generation efficiency.
  • the concentrating heating unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit may adopt a distributed setting manner, that is, heat the endothermic working medium through a plurality of concentrating heating units, and power the different electric heaters through the plurality of photovoltaic power generation units, so that the power generation system can adapt to different environmental conditions, and at the same time, the light energy can be more fully utilized.
  • the power generation unit may also be connected to the auxiliary electric heating unit as a backup power source of the auxiliary electric heating unit, so that ensure the stable operation of the overall power generation system when there is a problem with the photovoltaic power generation device.
  • the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation method comprising:
  • step SI heating the endothermic working medium in the first storage element to a preset temperature by the concentrating heating unit, and then transporting to the second storage element;
  • step S2 heating the endothermic working medium in the second storage element to a preset temperature by the auxiliary electric heating unit, and then transporting to the third storage element;
  • the power source of the auxiliary electric heating unit is a photovoltaic power generation unit;
  • step S3 transporting the endothermic working medium in the third storage element to the heat exchange unit to exchange heat with the power generation working medium, and transporting the endothermic working medium after heat exchange to the first storage element, and transporting the power generation working medium after heat exchange to the power generation unit;
  • step S4 the power generation unit generates electricity through the power generation working medium.
  • the endothermic working medium preferably passes through the low temperature storage tank (that is, the first storage element), enters into the concentrating heat collecting unit to be heated to 550 ° C ⁇ 600 ° C and then enters into the medium temperature storage tank (that is, the second storage element), and then passes through the electric heater to be heated to 650 ° C ⁇ 700 ° C high temperature conditions and then enters into the high temperature storage tank (that is, the third storage element).
  • the endothermic working medium flows out of the high temperature storage tank and then exchanges heat with the power generation working medium through the heat exchanger, and then returns to the low temperature storage tank.
  • the heated power generation working medium drives the generator to generate electricity through a turbine in the power generation unit.
  • the present invention realizes auxiliary electric heating through photovoltaic power generation, and avoids the problem of high heat loss of the photothermal collector under high temperature conditions.
  • the operating temperature of the subsequent power generation cycle is further increased, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the overall cycle. For example, when the molten salt temperature reaches 700 ° C, the overall power generation efficiency can be increased by 3% or more under the condition of 600 ° C.
  • DRAM dynamic RAM

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Abstract

The invention discloses a photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system and method, the system comprising: an endothermic working medium storage unit, comprising a first storage element (11), a second storage element (12) and a third storage element (13); the first storage element, the second storage element and the third storage element are configured to store the endothermic working mediums at different temperature stages; a concentrating heating unit (2) for transporting the endothermic working medium in the first storage element to the second storage element after concentrating and heating; an auxiliary electric heating unit (3) for electrically transporting the heat absorbing medium in the second storage element to the third storage element after being electrically heating; a photovoltaic power generation unit (4) for performing photovoltaic power generation and providing power to the auxiliary electric heating unit; a heat exchange unit (5) for heat exchange processing of the endothermic working medium and the power generation working medium, and transporting the endothermic working medium to the first storage element, and transporting the power generation working medium to the power generating unit; a power generating unit (6) configured to generate electricity by the power generation working medium output by the heat exchange unit. The present invention can avoid the problem of high heat loss of the photothermal collector under high temperature conditions, and simultaneously improve the operating temperature of the subsequent power generation cycle process, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency of the power generation system.

Description

A Photothermal Photovoltaic Combined Power Generation System and Method
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
The disclosure relates to a technical field of solar photothermal power generation, in particular to a photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system and method.
BACKGROUND
Solar energy is a clean renewable energy source, and China is a country with abundant solar energy reserves, especially in the northwest region, with flat terrain, abundant sunshine, long sunshine hours and dry climate, which are conducive to the construction of photothermal power stations. At present, most of the second-photothermal projects use molten salt as the endothermic working medium to absorb the heat energy converted by solar energy, and then used to heat the steam, supercritical carbon dioxide and other working medium for power generation. However, the current power generation cycle efficiency of this type of system still needs to be improved. The most direct way to improve the power generation cycle efficiency is to improve the operating parameters, such as pressure and temperature parameters. If the binary molten salt which is widely used at present is used as the endothermic medium, the molten salt working temperature of the molten salt photothermal power station is 500 °C -600 °C. If a new molten salt is used in the future, the temperature of the heat absorber can reach 700 °C, but the problem of material selection and design will increase the manufacturing cost of the heat absorber. On the other hand, the higher the operating temperature of the photothermal collector, the greater the heat lost. For example, the heat loss rate of the photothermal collector can reach about 10% under the working condition of 550 °C, and the heat loss can reach 20% when the working condition reaches 700 °C. Therefore, the heat loss of the current endothermic medium causes the energy utilization rate to be low.
In addition, since solar power generation panel is also limited by natural conditions, it cannot be operated stably for a long time, and most of the current solutions are in the form of heat storage and battery storage. Due to the high battery storage price, poor economy, and the heat storage system is affected by the heat storage medium, the operating temperature is limited.
Therefore, in the process of implementing the present application, the inventors have found that the prior art has at least the following problems: on one hand, for a photothermal collector, the higher the temperature, the higher the heat loss, and on the other hand, the final temperature of the endothermic working medium, the higher the power generation efficiency and the higher the energy utilization rate, and there is currently no effective solution to the contradiction between the photothermal power generation.
SUMMARY
For this purpose, the object of the present invention is to provide a photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system and method, which can avoid the problem of high heat loss of the photothermal collector under high temperature conditions, and simultaneously improve the operating temperature of the subsequent power generation cycle process, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency of the power generation system.
The photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system provided by the present invention based on the above object comprising:
an endothermic working medium storage unit, comprising a first storage element, a second storage element and a third storage element; the first storage element, the second storage element and the third storage element are respectively configured to store the endothermic working mediums at different temperature stages and conveyed to the heat exchange unit;
a concentrating heating unit disposed between the first storage element and the second storage element for transporting the endothermic working medium in the first storage element to the second storage element after concentrating and heating; an auxiliary electric heating unit disposed between the second storage element and the third storage element for electrically transporting the heat absorbing medium in the second storage element to the third storage element after being electrically heating;
a photovoltaic power generation unit connected to the auxiliary electric heating unit for performing photovoltaic power generation and providing power to the auxiliary electric heating unit;
a heat exchange unit disposed between the third storage element and the power generating unit for heat exchange processing of the endothermic working medium in the third storage element and the power generation working medium in the power generation unit, and transporting the endothermic working medium after heat exchange to the first storage element, and transporting the power generation working medium after heat exchange to the power generating unit;
a power generating unit configured to generate electricity by the power generation working medium output by the heat exchange unit.
Optionally, the concentrating heating unit comprises a heliostat field and a photothermal collector; a plurality of heliostats are disposed in the heliostat field, and the solar rays are collected by the heliostat to the photothermal collector, the photothermal collector is used to heat the endothermic working medium.
Optionally, the auxiliary electric heating unit comprises an electric heater that is powered by the photovoltaic power generation unit and heats the endothermic working medium in the second storage element.
Optionally, the photovoltaic power generation unit comprises a photovoltaic power generation device and an AC inverter device composed of a plurality of solar power generation panels; the photovoltaic power generation device is configured to perform photovoltaic power generation through a solar power generation panel and input AC power to the auxiliary electric heating unit.
Optionally, the heat exchange unit comprises a heat exchanger for converting the thermal energy in the endothermic working medium into the power generation working medium.
Optionally, the power generation unit comprises a turbine, a generator, and a cold source; the turbine is configured to input the energy in the power generation working medium into the generator for power generation through conversion; the cold source is used to implement heat dissipation of the device.
Optionally, further comprises a working medium pressure transporting device, which is used for pressurized transporting the endothermic working medium and the power generation working medium;
an energy saving working waste heat device for connecting with the endothermic working medium after heat exchange and absorbing the waste heat of the endothermic working medium, or connecting with the power generation working medium after power generation and absorbing the waste heat of power generation working medium.
Optionally, the endothermic working medium is a transportable fluid medium, and the endothermic working medium is a mixture or a single fluid with stable chemical characteristics at not less than 400 degrees Celsius.
Optionally, the temperature range of the endothermic working medium in the second storage element is controlled to be 550 degrees to 600 degrees; and the temperature range of the endothermic working medium in the third storage element is controlled to be 650 degrees to 700 degrees.
The present invention also provides a power generation method using the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system according to any of the above, comprising:
heating the endothermic working medium in the first storage element to a preset temperature by the concentrating heating unit, and then transporting to the second storage element;
heating the endothermic working medium in the second storage element to a preset temperature by the auxiliary electric heating unit, and then transporting to the third storage element; wherein, the power source of the auxiliary electric heating unit is a photovoltaic power generation unit;
transporting the endothermic working medium in the third storage element to the heat exchange unit to exchange heat with the power generation working medium, and transporting the endothermic working medium after heat exchange to the first storage element, and transporting the power generation working medium after heat exchange to the power generation unit; and
the power generation unit generates electricity through the power generation working medium.
It can be seen from the above that the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system and method provided by the present invention provide a plurality of storage elements for storing the endothermic working medium at different temperature stages. Therefore, the photothermal collector in the concentrating heating unit does not need to be in a high temperature condition, thereby reducing the high temperature heat loss of the photothermal collector, that is, the utilization of the light source can be improved, and meanwhile, by using photovoltaic power generation to supply the electric heaters, on the one hand, the characteristics of photovoltaic power generation and photovoltaic power generation can be fully utilized, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the overall power generation system, and on the other hand, the endothermic working medium entering the heat exchange unit can be further heated to a higher temperature to exchange heat with the power generation working medium to realize power generation, which can further improve the power generation efficiency of the overall working medium cycle. Therefore, the present invention can avoid the problem of high heat loss of the photothermal collector under high temperature conditions, and meanwhile improve the operating temperature of the subsequent power generation cycle, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency of the power generation system.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of one embodiment of the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system provided by the present invention;
Figure 2 is a flow chart of one embodiment of the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system provided by the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be further described in detail below with Figures to the specific embodiments of the invention.
It should be noted that all the expressions of“first” and“second” in the embodiment of the present invention are used to distinguish two non-identical entities with the same name or the non-identical parameters. Therefore,“first” and “second” are merely convenient for expression, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention, which will not be described again in the following embodiments.
Firstly, the inventor of the present invention found that the current cycle power generation efficiency of the power generation system and the utilization rate of the light source are difficult to reach a desired state based on the research on the existing photothermal power generation system. Further research found that the key is that the current photothermal collector directly enters the heat exchange system after the heat treatment of the endothermic working medium, and in order to ensure better heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchange system, it is necessary to ensure that the endothermic working medium has a higher temperature, so that the working condition of the photothermal collector is at a higher temperature, which will inevitably lead to further increase in the high temperature heat loss of the photothermal collector. Therefore, the present invention proposes a scheme that can utilize stepwise heating, and use the photothermal collector in a medium-temperature heating condition with high efficiency, and then the heating medium is further heated to a high temperature by photovoltaic power generation, thereby improving the overall cycle power generation efficiency.
Specifically, referring to FIG. 1, it is a structural block diagram of one embodiment of the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system provided by the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system described in the present invention comprising:
an endothermic working medium storage unit 1, comprising a first storage element 11, a second storage element 12 and a third storage element 13; the first storage element 11, the second storage element 12 and the third storage element 13 are respectively configured to store the endothermic working mediums at different temperature stages and conveyed to the heat exchange unit 5;
Optionally, the first storage element 11, the second storage element 12, and the third storage element 13 are all insulated storage tanks having a heat insulating layer, wherein the storage elements here usually has an inlet for the input of the endothermic working medium and an outlet for the output of the endothermic working medium, and the transportation pipeline can be used for transporting the endothermic working medium between different storage tanks or between the remaining units.
Further, the first storage element 11, the second storage element 12, and the third storage element 13 generally correspond to a low temperature storage tank, a medium temperature storage tank, and a high temperature storage tank. The low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature here are relative to different working conditions of the endothermic working medium.
A concentrating heating unit 2 disposed between the first storage element
11 and the second storage element 12 for transporting the endothermic working medium in the first storage element 11 to the second storage element
12 after concentrating and heating; therefore, the concentrating heating unit 2 can only perform preliminary heating on the endothermic working medium, and does not need to be heated to the highest working condition, thereby avoiding the problem of high temperature heat loss of the photothermal collector in the concentrating heating unit 2. In addition, the concentrating heating unit 2 may heat the endothermic working medium output in the first storage element 11, or may directly heat the endothermic working medium in the first storage element 11.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the concentrating heating unit 2 comprises a heliostat field and a photothermal collector; a plurality of heliostats are disposed in the heliostat field, and the solar rays are collected by the heliostat to the photothermal collector, the photothermal collector is used to heat the endothermic working medium.
An auxiliary electric heating unit 3 is disposed between the second storage element 12 and the third storage element 13 for electrically transporting the heat absorbing medium in the second storage element 12 to the third storage element 13 after being electrically heating;
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the auxiliary electric heating unit 3 comprises an electric heater that is powered by the photovoltaic power generation unit and heats the endothermic working medium in the second storage element 12. In this way, the endothermic working medium can be further heated to a higher working condition for heat exchange power generation.
A photovoltaic power generation unit 4 connected to the auxiliary electric heating unit 3 for performing photovoltaic power generation and providing power to the auxiliary electric heating unit;
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation unit 4 comprises a photovoltaic power generation device and an AC inverter device composed of a plurality of solar power generation panels; the photovoltaic power generation device is configured to perform photovoltaic power generation through a solar power generation panel and input AC power to the auxiliary electric heating unit 3. In this way, on the one hand, photovoltaic power generation can be used to further heat the endothermic working medium to improve the working condition of the final heat exchange power generation, thereby improving the cycle power generation efficiency, on the other hand, the advantages of photovoltaic power generation and photothermal power generation can be fully utilized to achieve the complementary advantages of the two, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the overall power generation system.
A heat exchange unit 5 disposed between the third storage element and the power generating unit for heat exchange processing of the endothermic working medium in the third storage element and the power generation working medium in the power generation unit, and transporting the endothermic working medium after heat exchange to the first storage element, and transporting the power generation working medium after heat exchange to the power generating unit
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange unit 5 comprises a heat exchanger for converting the thermal energy in the endothermic working medium into the power generation working medium.
A power generating unit 6 configured to generate electricity by the power generation working medium output by the heat exchange unit. In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the power generation unit 6 comprises a turbine, a generator, and a cold source; the turbine is configured to input the energy in the power generation working medium into the generator for power generation through conversion; the cold source is used to implement heat dissipation of the device. Wherein, the cold source may employ a condenser or other cooling device.
It should be noted that although the above embodiment of the present invention provides a scheme for performing stepwise heating using three storage elements, in fact, more intermediate storage elements may be added as needed to achieve more grading, and the present invention does not limit the number of storage elements that are specifically employed.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system provided by the present invention provide a plurality of storage elements for storing the endothermic working medium at different temperature stages. Therefore, the photothermal collector in the concentrating heating unit does not need to be in a high temperature condition, thereby reducing the high temperature heat loss of the photothermal collector, that is, the utilization of the light source can be improved, and meanwhile, by using photovoltaic power generation to supply the electric heaters, on the one hand, the characteristics of photovoltaic power generation and photovoltaic power generation can be fully utilized, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the overall power generation system, and on the other hand, the endothermic working medium entering the heat exchange unit can be further heated to a higher temperature to exchange heat with the power generation working medium to realize power generation, which can further improve the power generation efficiency of the overall working medium cycle. Therefore, the present invention can avoid the problem of high heat loss of the photothermal collector under high temperature conditions, and meanwhile improve the operating temperature of the subsequent power generation cycle, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency of the power generation system.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system further comprising a working medium pressure transporting device, which is used for pressurized transporting the endothermic working medium and the power generation working medium; in this way, the endothermic working medium can have sufficient transporting power in different storage tanks or units to ensure stable and safe operation of the entire power generation system.
Further comprising an energy saving working waste heat device for connecting with the endothermic working medium after heat exchange and absorbing the waste heat of the endothermic working medium, or connecting with the power generation working medium after power generation and absorbing the waste heat of power generation working medium. Wherein, the energy saving working waste heat device can be selected as any device that can utilize thermal energy. In this way, the waste heat can be fully utilized to avoid energy waste.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the endothermic working medium is a transportable fluid medium, and the endothermic working medium is a mixture or a single fluid with stable chemical characteristics at not less than 400 degrees Celsius.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the temperature range of the endothermic working medium in the second storage element is controlled to be 550 degrees to 600 degrees, thereby the outlet temperature of the electric heating unit can be reached to a designed higher temperature, and ensure the stable operation of the electric heating unit, for example, the temperature is 550 degrees, 560 degrees, 570 degrees, 580 degrees, 590 degrees, 600 degrees, and the like; and the temperature range of the endothermic working medium in the third storage element is controlled to be 650 degrees to 700 degrees, thereby ensuring efficient and stable operation of the back-end power generation unit, for example, the temperature is 650 degrees, 660 degrees, 670 degrees, 680 degrees, 690 degrees, 700 degrees, and the like. Therefore, the high temperature heat loss can be reduced as much as possible while ensuring the full utilization of the photothermal collector, and the subsequent photovoltaic power generation is combined to optimize the working temperature of the subsequent endothermic working medium to achieve better heat exchange power generation efficiency.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the concentrating heating unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit may adopt a distributed setting manner, that is, heat the endothermic working medium through a plurality of concentrating heating units, and power the different electric heaters through the plurality of photovoltaic power generation units, so that the power generation system can adapt to different environmental conditions, and at the same time, the light energy can be more fully utilized.
Further, the power generation unit may also be connected to the auxiliary electric heating unit as a backup power source of the auxiliary electric heating unit, so that ensure the stable operation of the overall power generation system when there is a problem with the photovoltaic power generation device.
Referring to FIG. 2, a flow chart of one embodiment of a photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation method provided by the present invention is shown. The photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation method comprising:
step SI, heating the endothermic working medium in the first storage element to a preset temperature by the concentrating heating unit, and then transporting to the second storage element;
step S2, heating the endothermic working medium in the second storage element to a preset temperature by the auxiliary electric heating unit, and then transporting to the third storage element; wherein, the power source of the auxiliary electric heating unit is a photovoltaic power generation unit;
step S3, transporting the endothermic working medium in the third storage element to the heat exchange unit to exchange heat with the power generation working medium, and transporting the endothermic working medium after heat exchange to the first storage element, and transporting the power generation working medium after heat exchange to the power generation unit; and
step S4, the power generation unit generates electricity through the power generation working medium.
That is, the endothermic working medium preferably passes through the low temperature storage tank (that is, the first storage element), enters into the concentrating heat collecting unit to be heated to 550 ° C ~ 600 ° C and then enters into the medium temperature storage tank (that is, the second storage element), and then passes through the electric heater to be heated to 650 ° C ~ 700 ° C high temperature conditions and then enters into the high temperature storage tank (that is, the third storage element). Finally, the endothermic working medium flows out of the high temperature storage tank and then exchanges heat with the power generation working medium through the heat exchanger, and then returns to the low temperature storage tank. The heated power generation working medium drives the generator to generate electricity through a turbine in the power generation unit. And the electric heater is directly powered by the photovoltaic power generation unit. The present invention realizes auxiliary electric heating through photovoltaic power generation, and avoids the problem of high heat loss of the photothermal collector under high temperature conditions. In addition, the operating temperature of the subsequent power generation cycle is further increased, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the overall cycle. For example, when the molten salt temperature reaches 700 ° C, the overall power generation efficiency can be increased by 3% or more under the condition of 600 ° C.
It should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary, and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the disclosure (including the claims) is limited to the examples; in the spirit of the present invention, the above embodiments or the technical features in the different embodiments may also be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, for the sake of brevity, they are not provided in details.
In addition, well-known power/ground connections to integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the drawings provided for simplicity of description and discussion, and so as not to obscure the invention. Furthermore, the apparatus may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the invention, and this also contemplates the fact that the details of the embodiments of the block diagram apparatus are highly dependent on the platform on which the invention is to be implemented (ie., these details should be well within the understanding of those skilled in the art). In the case where the specific details (e.g., circuits) are described to describe the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be caarried without these specific details or variations in specific details. Accordingly, the description is to be considered as illustrative rather than restrictive.
Although the present invention has been described in connection with the specific embodiments of the present invention, many alternatives, modifications, and variations of the embodiments are apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, other memory architectures (e.g,. dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may be used in the embodiments discussed.
All such alternatives, modifications, and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc., which are within the spirit and scope of the invention, are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system, wherein comprising:
an endothermic working medium storage unit, comprising a first storage element, a second storage element and a third storage element; the first storage element, the second storage element and the third storage element are respectively configured to store the endothermic working mediums at different temperature stages and conveyed to the heat exchange unit;
a concentrating heating unit disposed between the first storage element and the second storage element for transporting the endothermic working medium in the first storage element to the second storage element after concentrating and heating;
an auxiliary electric heating unit disposed between the second storage element and the third storage element for electrically transporting the heat absorbing medium in the second storage element to the third storage element after being electrically heating;
a photovoltaic power generation unit connected to the auxiliary electric heating unit for performing photovoltaic power generation and providing power to the auxiliary electric heating unit;
a heat exchange unit disposed between the third storage element and the power generating unit for heat exchange processing of the endothermic working medium in the third storage element and the power generation working medium in the power generation unit, and transporting the endothermic working medium after heat exchange to the first storage element, and transporting the power generation working medium after heat exchange to the power generating unit; and
a power generating unit configured to generate electricity by the power generation working medium output by the heat exchange unit.
2. The photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the concentrating heating unit comprises a heliostat field and a photothermal collector; a plurality of heliostats are disposed in the heliostat field, and the solar rays are collected by the heliostat to the photothermal collector, the photothermal collector is used to heat the endothermic working medium.
3. The photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary electric heating unit comprises an electric heater that is powered by the photovoltaic power generation unit and heats the endothermic working medium in the second storage element.
4. The photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic power generation unit comprises a photovoltaic power generation device and an AC inverter device composed of a plurality of solar power generation panels; the photovoltaic power generation device is configured to perform photovoltaic power generation through a solar power generation panel and input AC power to the auxiliary electric heating unit.
5. The photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange unit comprises a heat exchanger for converting the thermal energy in the endothermic working medium into the power generation working medium.
6. The photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation unit comprises a turbine, a generator, and a cold source; the turbine is configured to input the energy in the power generation working medium into the generator for power generation through conversion; the cold source is used to implement heat dissipation of the device.
7. The photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system according to claim 1, wherein further comprises a working medium pressure transporting device, which is used for pressurized transporting the endothermic working medium and the power generation working medium; an energy saving working waste heat device for connecting with the endothermic working medium after heat exchange and absorbing the waste heat of the endothermic working medium, or connecting with the power generation working medium after power generation and absorbing the waste heat of power generation working medium.
8. The photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the endothermic working medium is a transportable fluid medium, and the endothermic working medium is a mixture or a single fluid with stable chemical characteristics at not less than 400 degrees Celsius.
9. The photothermal photovoltaic combined generation system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature range of the endothermic working medium in the second storage element is controlled to be 550 degrees to 600 degrees; and the temperature range of the endothermic working medium in the third storage element is controlled to be 650 degrees to 700 degrees.
10. A power generation method using the photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein comprising:
heating the endothermic working medium in the first storage element to a preset temperature by the concentrating heating unit, and then transporting to the second storage element;
heating the endothermic working medium in the second storage element to a preset temperature by the auxiliary electric heating unit, and then transporting to the third storage element; wherein, the power source of the auxiliary electric heating unit is a photovoltaic power generation unit;
transporting the endothermic working medium in the third storage element to the heat exchange unit to exchange heat with the power generation working medium, and transporting the endothermic working medium after heat exchange to the first storage element, and transporting the power generation working medium after heat exchange to the power generation unit; and
the power generation unit generates electricity through the power generation working medium.
PCT/EP2019/066523 2018-04-23 2019-06-21 A photothermal photovoltaic combined power generation system and method WO2019207171A1 (en)

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