WO2019188930A1 - アクリル樹脂粉体、樹脂組成物、アクリル樹脂粉体を含むホットメルト接着剤組成物、及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
アクリル樹脂粉体、樹脂組成物、アクリル樹脂粉体を含むホットメルト接着剤組成物、及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C09J151/00—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J151/003—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an acrylic resin powder, a resin composition, a hot melt adhesive composition containing an acrylic resin powder, and a method for producing the same.
- the hot melt adhesive is an adhesive that is solid or semi-solid at room temperature and melts by heating to become fluid.
- those based on a urethane prepolymer having an isocyanate group at the end are called reactive hot melt adhesives, most of which are moisture curable urethane adhesives.
- a polyol component and an isocyanate component are subjected to condensation polymerization. Further, it is in the form of an isocyanate group-containing urethane prepolymer.
- an acrylic resin having a high mass average molecular weight and a high glass transition temperature is preferred for good initial adhesive strength, but a hot melt adhesive added with such an acrylic resin does not have a sufficiently long open time.
- the open time means the pot life until the adhesive is cooled and solidified after being applied to the substrate.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an acrylic resin powder suitable for a hot melt adhesive that exhibits good initial adhesive strength and has a longer open time than conventional ones.
- the present invention is as follows. ⁇ 1> In the presence of a dispersion containing a polymer (A) obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture (a) containing an alkyl (meth) acrylate (ma), methyl methacrylate and (meth) acrylic acid A multi-stage polymer (M) containing a polymer (B) obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture (b) containing an alkyl ester (mb);
- the alkyl group in the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma) has 4 to 8 carbon atoms
- the alkyl group in the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb) has 4 to 8 carbon atoms
- the glass transition temperature of the polymer (A) is 20 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature of the polymer (B) is 55 ° C. or higher
- the mass average molecular weight of the multistage polymer (M) is 10,000 or more and 300,000 or less, Acrylic resin powder soluble in acetone.
- a multistage polymer (M) comprising:
- the alkyl group in the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma) has 4 to 8 carbon atoms
- the alkyl group in the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb) has 4 to 8 carbon atoms
- the glass transition temperature of the polymer (A) is 20 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature of the polymer (B) is 55 ° C. or higher
- the mass average molecular weight of the multistage polymer (M) is 10,000 or more and 300,000 or less
- Acrylic resin powder soluble in acetone ⁇ 3>
- the monomer mixture (a) further contains other copolymerizable monomers,
- the content of methyl methacrylate is 0 to 60% by mass relative to the total mass of the monomer mixture (a), and the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma)
- the monomer mixture (b) further contains other copolymerizable monomers,
- the content of methyl methacrylate is 50 to 90% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b), and the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb)
- the content of the monomer unit derived from the polymer (A) is 10 to 80% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer units constituting the multistage polymer (M).
- the content of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma) is preferably 40 to 100% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (a).
- the content of methyl methacrylate is preferably 50 to 90% by mass, and more preferably 55 to 90% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b). 65 to 90% by mass of the acrylic resin powder according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>.
- the content of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb) is preferably 10 to 50% by mass relative to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b).
- the content of the monomer unit derived from the polymer (A) is preferably 10 to 80% by mass
- the content of the monomer unit derived from the monomer mixture (b) is 20 to 90% by mass.
- ⁇ 13> A resin composition obtained by dissolving the acrylic resin powder according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 12> in polyalkylene glycol.
- ⁇ 14> The resin composition according to ⁇ 13>, wherein the polyalkylene glycol has a number average molecular weight of 200 to 5,000.
- ⁇ 15> The resin composition according to ⁇ 13> or ⁇ 14>, further comprising a polyester polyol.
- ⁇ 16> The resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 13> to ⁇ 15>, further comprising an isocyanate.
- the monomer mixture (b) containing methyl methacrylate and (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb) and the monomer mixture ( b) Step (I) of obtaining a dispersion (M1) containing a multistage polymer (M) by dropping 0.1 to 3 parts by mass of a chain transfer agent with respect to 100 parts by mass and polymerizing, and And (II) obtaining an acrylic resin powder by spray drying the dispersion (M1) of the multistage polymer (M),
- the alkyl group in the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma) has 4 to 8 carbon atoms,
- the monomer mixture (a) further contains another copolymerizable monomer,
- the content of methyl methacrylate is 0 to 60% by mass relative to the total mass of the monomer mixture (a), and the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma)
- the monomer mixture (b) further contains other copolymerizable monomers,
- the content of methyl methacrylate is 50 to 90% by mass relative to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b), and the content of (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb)
- the content of the monomer unit derived from the polymer (A) is 10 to 80% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer units constituting the multistage polymer (M).
- the content of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma) is preferably 40 to 100% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (a).
- the content of methyl methacrylate is preferably 50 to 90% by mass and more preferably 55 to 90% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b).
- the content of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb) is preferably 10 to 50% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b).
- the content of the monomer unit derived from the polymer (A) is preferably 10 to 80% by mass
- the content of the monomer unit derived from the monomer mixture (b) is 20 to 90% by mass.
- a method for producing a resin composition comprising the step (III) of dissolving the acrylic resin powder obtained by the production method according to any one of ⁇ 18> to ⁇ 26> in polyalkylene glycol.
- the manufacturing method of the hot-melt-adhesive including the process (IV) which mixes an isocyanate with a thing and obtains a urethane prepolymer.
- the acrylic resin powder of the present invention can provide an acrylic resin powder suitable for a hot melt adhesive that exhibits good initial adhesive strength and has a longer open time than conventional ones.
- the acrylic resin powder of the present invention contains methyl methacrylate and a polymer (A) obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture (a) containing a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma).
- the transition temperature is 20 ° C. or less, the glass transition temperature of the polymer (B) is 55 ° C.
- the mass average molecular weight of the multistage polymer (M) is 10,000 or more and 300,000 or less, and can be used for acetone. It is a soluble acrylic resin powder.
- the “multistage polymer” is a resin mixture obtained by synthesizing the polymer (B) in the presence of the polymer (A) and containing the polymer (A) and the polymer (B). Means.
- the multistage polymer may have a core-shell structure in which the polymer (A) forms a core part and the polymer (B) forms a shell part.
- the glass transition temperature hereinafter also referred to as “Tg”) is a value obtained from the FOX formula (formula (1)) as follows.
- the unit of Tg is “° C.”.
- the standard analysis values described in “Polymer Data Handbook” edited by the Society of Polymer Science, etc. should be adopted.
- a copolymer obtained by polymerizing n types of monomers it can be regarded as calculated from the Tg of the homopolymer of each monomer.
- Table 1 below shows literature values of Tg of typical homopolymers.
- MMA methyl methacrylate
- EMA ethyl methacrylate
- n-BMA n-butyl methacrylate
- i-BMA i-butyl methacrylate
- t-BMA t methacrylate
- n-HMA n-hexyl methacrylate
- 2-EHMA 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate
- MA methyl acrylate
- EA ethyl acrylate
- n-BA acrylic N-Butyl acid
- n-HA n-hexyl acrylate
- 2-EHA 2-ethylhexyl acrylate
- MAA methacrylic acid
- 2-HEMA 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate
- W n represents the mass fraction of the monomer n
- Tg n represents a glass transition temperature (°C) of homopolymer of monomer n.
- the mass fraction is the ratio of the charged amount of monomer n to the total charged amount of all monomers.
- the Tg of the polymer (A) is 20 ° C. or less. If Tg of a polymer (A) is 20 degrees C or less, the open time of a hot-melt-adhesive will be long and will become favorable.
- the Tg of the polymer (A) is preferably -20 to 20 ° C.
- the Tg of the polymer (B) is 55 ° C or higher, preferably 65 ° C or higher, and more preferably 70 ° C or higher. If Tg of a polymer (B) is 55 degreeC or more, the initial adhesive strength of a hot-melt-adhesive will improve, and also blocking by the heat sealing
- the Tg of the polymer (B) is preferably 55 to 115 ° C, more preferably 65 to 115 ° C, and further preferably 70 to 115 ° C.
- the acrylic resin powder that can be used in the present invention must be soluble in acetone.
- “acrylic resin powder is soluble in acetone” can be determined according to the following method.
- the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma) and the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb) that can be included in the acrylic resin powder of the present invention have 4 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
- these monomers include (meth) acrylic acid esters (eg, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, s-butyl (meth) acrylate, i-butyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) Examples include t-butyl acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, etc.
- (meth) acrylic acid means acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. Is a general term.
- Examples of monomers other than the above (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma) and (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb)) include, for example, (meth) acrylic having an alkyl chain having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- Acid esters for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, etc.); (meth) acrylic acid esters having a long alkyl chain having 9 or more carbon atoms (for example, (meth) ) Stearyl acrylate etc.); carboxyl such as (meth) acrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, methacrylic acid-2-succinoloyloxyethyl, methacrylic acid-2-hexahydrophthaloyloxyethyl, etc.
- the content of methyl methacrylate is 0 to 60% by mass relative to the total mass of the monomer mixture (a), and the content of (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma) Is preferably 40 to 100% by mass, and the content of other copolymerizable monomers is preferably 0 to 10% by mass. If it is in the said range, it will become easy to make Tg of a polymer (A) into 20 degrees C or less, and the hot melt adhesive which has a long open time can be obtained.
- the content of methyl methacrylate is 50 to 90% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b), and the content of (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb) Is preferably 10 to 50% by mass, and the content of other copolymerizable monomers is preferably 0 to 10% by mass. Further, in the monomer mixture (b), the content of methyl methacrylate is 55 to 90% by mass relative to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b), and the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb) More preferably, the content is 10 to 45% by mass, and the content of other copolymerizable monomers is 0 to 10% by mass.
- the content of methyl methacrylate is 65 to 90% by mass relative to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b), and the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb) More preferably, the content is 10 to 35% by mass, and the content of other copolymerizable monomers is 0 to 10% by mass. If it is within the above range, the glass transition temperature of the polymer (B) can be easily increased to 55 ° C. or more, the initial adhesive strength of the hot melt adhesive is improved, and further, blocking due to thermal fusion between acrylic resin powders is performed. Can be suppressed.
- the content of the polymer (A) is preferably 10 to 80% by mass, more preferably 20 to 70% by mass. If content of a polymer (A) is 10 mass% or more, the open time of a hot-melt-adhesive will become long. If the content of the polymer (A) is 80% by mass or less, the initial adhesive strength is improved, and further blocking due to heat fusion between the acrylic resin powders can be suppressed.
- the content of the polymer (B) is preferably 20 to 90% by mass, more preferably 30 to 80% by mass. If the content of the polymer (B) is 20% by mass or more, the initial adhesive strength can be improved, and further blocking due to heat fusion between the acrylic resin powders can be suppressed. If content of a polymer (B) is 90 mass% or less, the open time of a hot-melt-adhesive will become long.
- the acrylic resin powder of the present invention polymerizes the monomer mixture (b) in the presence of a polymer (A) dispersion obtained by polymerizing the monomer mixture (a), and the polymer (A).
- a multistage polymer (M) containing a polymer (B) is included.
- the multistage polymer (M) may be used after the polymerization of the monomer mixture (a) or the monomer mixture (b) as long as the functions of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B) are not impaired. It is also possible to obtain a multistage polymer obtained by polymerization by adding another monomer mixture after the polymerization.
- the polymerization of the other monomer mixture (s) is performed within a range that does not impair the functions of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B). Also good. Specifically, the polymer (A) is obtained by polymerizing the monomer mixture (a) in the presence of a polymer (S) dispersion obtained by polymerizing the monomer mixture (s). The polymer (A) obtained here is presumed to be a graft polymer.
- the other monomer mixture (s) is mainly composed of a (meth) acrylic acid ester obtained by esterification of an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and (meth) acrylic acid. Is preferable because the balance of the above becomes appropriate. Further, the amount (charge) of the other monomer mixture (s) is preferably 0 to 10% by mass with respect to the amount of all monomers used for the synthesis of the multistage polymer (M).
- the mass average molecular weight of the multistage polymer (M) that can be used in the present invention is a value in terms of standard polystyrene that can be determined by a GPC (gel permeation chromatography) method.
- the mass average molecular weight of the multistage polymer (M) contained in the acrylic resin powder of the present invention is 10,000 or more and 300,000 or less.
- the multistage polymer (M) preferably has a mass average molecular weight of 20,000 to 200,000. If the mass average molecular weight of the multistage polymer (M) is 10,000 or more, the initial adhesive strength of the adhesive tends to be good. When the mass average molecular weight of the multistage polymer (M) is 300,000 or less, the viscosity of the resin composition and the adhesive can be suppressed, and the open time of the hot melt adhesive becomes longer.
- the acrylic resin powder that can be used in the present invention has a primary particle volume average particle diameter of preferably 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.1 to 2 ⁇ m.
- the primary particles refer to polymer particles of the smallest unit constituting the acrylic resin powder.
- the volume average particle diameter of the primary particles is 10 ⁇ m or less, the surface area of the particles is increased, and the solubility in a medium such as polyalkylene glycol is improved.
- heat fusion of the volume average particle diameter of secondary particles when powdered is suppressed, and dispersibility in a medium such as polyalkylene glycol is improved.
- the volume average particle size of the primary particles of the acrylic resin powder is determined by using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device (manufactured by Horiba, product name: LA-960). The particle diameter of the dispersion is measured and averaged.
- the acrylic resin powder that can be used in the present invention preferably has a volume average particle diameter of secondary particles of 20 to 100 ⁇ m, and more preferably 20 to 80 ⁇ m.
- Secondary particles refer to aggregated particles in which a large number of primary particles are aggregated. If it is 20 ⁇ m or more, dusting is suppressed and handling becomes easy. Moreover, if it is 100 micrometers or less, the solubility to polyalkylene glycol will become favorable.
- the volume average particle size of the secondary particles of the acrylic resin powder is determined by using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device (product name: LA-960, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.). The particle diameter is measured and averaged.
- the acrylic resin powder that can be used in the present invention may contain additives such as an antifoaming agent, if necessary.
- the resin composition of the present invention is obtained by dissolving the acrylic resin powder of the present invention in polyalkylene glycol.
- the resin composition of the present invention can be included in a hot melt adhesive.
- Polyalkylene glycol Polyalkylene glycol components include polymethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyhexamethylene glycol, polyalkylene glycol having two or more glycol units such as a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and polyfunctionality such as glycerin. Examples include branched polyalkylene glycols using alcohol. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the number average molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol is preferably 200 to 5000, more preferably 400 to 3000.
- the number average molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol is 200 or more, the adhesive strength after curing of the hot melt adhesive becomes good.
- the number average molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol is 5000 or less, the viscosity of the resin composition is low, and the coating property is good.
- the number average molecular weight can be measured by a GPC (gel permeation chromatography) method.
- the resin composition of the present invention may further contain a polyester polyol.
- polyester polyols crystalline polyester polyols and amorphous polyester polyols are known, and specific examples thereof include aliphatic polyester polyols and aromatic polyester polyols. Crystalline polyester polyols and amorphous polyester polyols are also easily distinguished by DSC. The melting point of the crystalline polyester polyol is observed by DSC measurement as an endothermic peak when the temperature is raised, and as an exothermic peak when the temperature is lowered. When the melting point of the amorphous polyester polyol is measured by DSC, the endothermic peak and the exothermic peak are not clearly observed, so that it can be distinguished from the crystalline polyester polyol.
- the aliphatic polyester polyol can be obtained by a reaction between an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and a diol.
- the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid include adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, and decamethylene dicarboxylic acid. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- diol examples include ethylene glycol, 1-methylethylene glycol, 1-ethylethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, heptanediol, octanediol, nonanediol, decanediol, dodecanediol, neopentylglycol, Low molecular weight diols having 2 to 12 carbon atoms such as 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol and 2,4-dimethyl-1,5-pentanediol are included.
- At least one selected from ethylene glycol, butanediol, hexanediol, octanediol and decanediol is preferable. These diols may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the aliphatic polyester polyol include polyhexamethylene adipate, polyhexamethylene sebacate, polyhexamethylene dodecanate, and polybutylene adipate.
- the aromatic polyester polyol is preferably one obtained by a reaction between an aromatic poly (or di) carboxylic acid and the above diol.
- aromatic poly (or di) carboxylic acid examples include phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and terephthalic acid. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- aromatic polyester polyol examples include polyalkylene phthalate, polyalkylene isophthalate, and polyalkylene terephthalate.
- Polyether polyol has low viscosity and good handleability, and is suitable for dissolving acrylic resin powder. Moreover, since polyester polyol has high heat resistance and solvent resistance and high strength, it is preferable to use polyalkylene glycol and polyester polyol in combination.
- the resin composition of the present invention may further contain an isocyanate.
- isocyanate include ethylene diisocyanate, ethylidene diisocyanate, propylene diisocyanate, butylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, cyclopentylene-1,3-diisocyanate, cyclohexylene-1,4-diisocyanate, and cyclohexylene-1,2.
- isocyanate those having an average of 1 to 3 isocyanate groups per molecule are preferable, and difunctional isocyanates, so-called diisocyanates are particularly preferable.
- Isocyanate may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together. Among these, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate is preferable from the viewpoint of high adhesive strength after moisture curing.
- Monools, monoisocyanates, trifunctional polyols and trifunctional isocyanates can also be used, but from the viewpoint of the viscosity of the resin composition, bifunctional polyols (diols) and difunctional isocyanates (diisocyanates) are preferred.
- An adhesive containing the resin composition of the present invention may be used as a hot melt adhesive.
- the hot melt adhesive of the present invention contains polyalkylene glycol as an acrylic resin powder of the present invention and a polyol component. Furthermore, other polyol components other than polyalkylene glycol may be included, and isocyanate may be included.
- the content of the acrylic resin powder is preferably 1 to 50% by mass and more preferably 5 to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of the hot melt adhesive.
- acrylic resin powder is 1 to 50% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total amount of acrylic resin powder, polyol and isocyanate
- the total amount of polyol and isocyanate is preferably 50 to 99% by mass, more preferably 5 to 30% by mass of acrylic resin powder, and the total amount of polyol and isocyanate is 70 to 95% by mass. preferable.
- the acrylic resin powder When the acrylic resin powder is 1% by mass or more with respect to 100% by mass of the total amount of the acrylic resin powder, polyol and isocyanate, the initial adhesive strength tends to be good. Moreover, when it is 50 mass% or less, it exists in the tendency for the adhesive strength after hardening to improve.
- additives for the hot melt adhesive of the present invention include, for example, plasticizers such as dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate; phenolic antioxidants, phosphite antioxidants, thioether antioxidants, amine oxidations Antioxidants such as inhibitors; pigments such as titanium oxide and carbon black; light stabilizers such as benzotriazole, hindered amine, benzoate, and benzotriazole; halogen flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, antimony flame retardants, metal hydroxides Flame retardants such as physical flame retardants; metal catalysts such as tin catalysts (trimethyltin laurate, trimethyltin hydroxide, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin maleate, etc.), lead catalysts (lead oleate, lead naphthenate) , Lead octenoate, etc.) and other metal catalysts Naphthenic acid metal salt
- the monomer mixture (a) containing (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma) and (a) 100 parts by mass are used.
- the polymer (A) is formed by dropping 1 to 3 parts by mass of a chain transfer agent and polymerizing.
- an emulsion polymerization method, a seed polymerization method, a soap-free polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method, a fine suspension polymerization method, or the like can be used.
- the monomer mixture (b) containing the methyl methacrylate and the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb), and the monomer mixture (b) in the obtained polymer (A) dispersion 0.1 to 3 parts by mass of a chain transfer agent is dropped and polymerized to form a dispersion (M1) containing a multistage polymer (M) containing the polymer (A) and the polymer (B).
- the dispersion liquid (M1) containing the multi-stage polymer (M) is pulverized using a spray drying method (spray drying method), acid coagulation or salt coagulation, and subsequent drying process, freeze drying method, centrifugal separation method or the like.
- Acrylic resin powder can be obtained.
- the agglomerated particles are preferable because the primary particles are not relatively firmly bonded to each other, so that the high-order particle structure can be destroyed by weak shearing and can be uniformly dispersed as primary particles. .
- the monomer mixture (b) is polymerized in the presence of a polymer (A) dispersion obtained by polymerizing the monomer mixture (a), and a polymer is obtained.
- a dispersion liquid (M1) containing a multistage polymer (M) containing (A) and a polymer (B) is formed.
- another monomer is added after the polymerization of the monomer mixture (a) or after the polymerization of the monomer mixture (b).
- a dispersion (M1) containing a multi-stage polymer (M) containing a polymer (A), a polymer (B) and another polymer by polymerizing by adding a body mixture.
- the polymerization of the other monomer mixture (s) is performed within a range that does not impair the functions of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B). Also good.
- the other monomer mixture (s) is preferably composed mainly of a (meth) acrylic acid ester of an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, since the balance between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity is appropriate.
- the amount (charge amount) of the other monomer mixture (s) is used in the range of 1 to 10% by mass with respect to the amount of all monomers used for the synthesis of the multistage polymer (M). It is preferable.
- the monomer mixture (a) contains (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma), and the monomer mixture (b) contains methyl methacrylate and (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb).
- the same monomers as those described above may be included.
- the content of methyl methacrylate is preferably 0 to 60% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (a).
- the content of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (ma) is preferably 40 to 100% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (a).
- the content of other copolymerizable monomers is preferably 0 to 10% by mass based on the total mass of the monomer mixture (a).
- the content of methyl methacrylate is preferably from 50 to 90% by mass, more preferably from 55 to 90% by mass, with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b). More preferred is mass%.
- the content of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester (mb) is preferably 10 to 50% by mass and preferably 10 to 45% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b). Is more preferably 10 to 35% by mass.
- the content of other copolymerizable monomers is preferably 0 to 10% by mass with respect to the total mass of the monomer mixture (b).
- the content of the polymer (A) is preferably 10 to 80% by mass, more preferably 20 to 70% by mass. If content of a polymer (A) is 10 mass% or more, the open time of a hot-melt-adhesive will become long. If the content of the polymer (A) is 80% by mass or less, the initial adhesive strength is improved, and further blocking due to heat fusion between the acrylic resin powders can be suppressed.
- the content of the polymer (B) is preferably 20 to 90% by mass, more preferably 30 to 80% by mass. If the content of the polymer (B) is 20% by mass or more, the initial adhesive strength can be improved, and further blocking due to heat fusion between the acrylic resin powders can be suppressed. If content of a polymer (B) is 90 mass% or less, the open time of a hot-melt-adhesive will become long.
- Chain transfer agent In order to adjust the molecular weight of the obtained polymer, it is preferable to use a chain transfer agent.
- the chain transfer agent include mercaptans such as n-dodecyl mercaptan; thioglycolic acid esters such as octyl thioglycolate; ⁇ -methylstyrene dimer and terpinolene.
- a primary or secondary mercapto compound is preferable because the physical properties of a hot melt adhesive using an acrylic resin powder obtained by polymerization are improved.
- Examples of the primary or secondary mercapto compound include alkyl mercaptans such as n-butyl mercaptan, sec-butyl mercaptan, n-octyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, n-octadecyl mercaptan; 2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate, thiol Thioglycolic acid esters such as methoxybutyl glycolate and trimethylolpropane tris (thioglycolate); 2-ethylhexyl ⁇ -mercaptopropionate, 3-methoxybutyl ⁇ -mercaptopropionate, trimethylolpropane tris ( ⁇ -thiopro) And mercaptopropionic acid esters such as (pionate).
- alkyl mercaptans such as n-butyl mercaptan, sec-butyl mercaptan,
- n-octyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan and 2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate having a large chain transfer constant are preferable.
- the amount of the chain transfer agent used is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 3 parts by weight and in the range of 0.3 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture (b). And more preferred.
- the amount of the chain transfer agent used is 0.1 parts by mass or more, the molecular weight of the copolymer decreases due to radical chain transfer, and the physical properties of the hot melt adhesive are improved.
- the usage-amount of a chain transfer agent is 3 mass parts or less, the residual amount of an unreacted monomer and a chain transfer agent will reduce, and an odor will reduce.
- an emulsifier When polymerizing in water, it is desirable to use an emulsifier.
- An anionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant can be used as an emulsifier.
- Specific examples of the anionic surfactant include alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl sulfate ester salt, fatty acid metal salt, polyoxyalkyl ether sulfate ester salt, polyoxyethylene carboxylic acid ester sulfate ester salt, polyoxy Examples thereof include ethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfate ester salts and succinic acid dialkyl ester sulfonate salts (for example, disodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether glycerin borate ester, polyoxyethylene Compounds with polyoxyethylene chains in the molecule, such as alkyl ether phosphates and polyoxyethylenes, which have surface activity, and polyoxyethylene chains of these compounds are replaced by copolymers of oxyethylene and oxypropylene And sorbitan fatty acid esters, fatty acid glycerin esters, glycerin fatty acid esters, and pentaerythritol fatty acid esters. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- water-soluble radical polymerization initiator When polymerizing in water, it is desirable to use a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator.
- water-soluble radical polymerization initiators include persulfates such as potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and sodium persulfate; 2,2′azobis (2-amidinopropane) trihydrochloride, 4,4′-azobis (4- Water-soluble azo compounds such as cyanopentanoic acid; thermal decomposition polymerization initiators such as hydrogen peroxide; hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid, tert-butyl hydroperoxide and rongalite, potassium persulfate and metal salts, ammonium persulfate and sulfurous acid Examples thereof include redox polymerization initiators such as sodium hydride. These polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the acrylic resin powder obtained by the above production method can be dissolved in polyalkylene glycol to obtain a resin composition.
- a method for dissolution for example, an acrylic resin powder is added to polyalkylene glycol, dispersed, and then dissolved by heating and mixing.
- the heating temperature is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature at which the acrylic resin powder is dissolved, but it can be dissolved at a lower temperature or in a shorter time than when an acrylic resin powder obtained by suspension polymerization is used.
- the acrylic resin powder and the polyester polyol may be added and dissolved simultaneously. Thereafter, it is preferable to add a defoaming agent as necessary and stir while heating under reduced pressure using a vacuum pump or the like to sufficiently remove the water in the resin composition.
- polyalkylene glycol to be used those exemplified in the section of polyalkylene glycol which may be contained in the resin composition of the present invention can be used.
- a polyester polyol may be used in combination.
- a polyester polyol the thing similar to what was illustrated by the term of the polyester polyol which may be contained in the resin composition of this invention can be used.
- the urethane prepolymer can be obtained by dissolving the acrylic resin powder obtained by the above production method in polyalkylene glycol, and then adding and mixing with isocyanate.
- the polyester polyol may be dissolved by adding acrylic resin powder to the polyalkylene glycol and mixed by heating, or may be added simultaneously with isocyanate and mixed by heating.
- additives may be included as long as the reaction between the polyol and the isocyanate forming the urethane prepolymer is not adversely affected.
- the timing of addition is not particularly limited. For example, when synthesizing a urethane prepolymer, it may be added together with a polyol and an isocyanate, or a polyol and an isocyanate are first reacted to form a urethane. A prepolymer may be synthesized and then added.
- the thing similar to the additive illustrated as another additive with respect to a hot-melt-adhesive can be used.
- the heating temperature is preferably in the range of 80 to 140 ° C, more preferably 90 to 110 ° C. Within this heating temperature range, the dissolution of each component is good, the viscosity is reduced, and the handleability is good. Furthermore, the reaction of isocyanate and polyalkylene glycol proceeds sufficiently.
- the obtained resin composition of the present invention can be applied as a hot melt adhesive.
- the “hot melt adhesive” means an adhesive that is used after being melted by applying heat of 80 to 150 ° C.
- the hot-melt adhesive of the present invention can be used in fields where hot-melt adhesives have been conventionally used, such as in the architectural interior field (or architectural field), the electronic material field, and the automobile interior field.
- hot melt adhesive is suitable for sticking an automobile interior member or a decorative material to a building interior member, but is not particularly limited, for woodworking, paper processing, fiber processing It can also be used for general purposes.
- the hot melt adhesive of the present invention can be used by using the same method as that of a conventional hot melt adhesive, and the usage method is not particularly limited. Further, for example, when the adherend is attached to the base material, the hot melt adhesive may be applied to the base material side and / or the adherend side.
- the adherend and the substrate may be those usually used. Examples thereof include a molding material, a film sheet, and a fibrous material obtained by knitting a synthetic fiber or natural fiber with a spinning machine into a sheet.
- the molding material, film and sheet are not particularly limited, but a thermoplastic resin is preferable.
- a thermoplastic resin is preferable.
- polyolefin resin, polyester resin, acetate resin, polystyrene resin, ABS resin, vinyl chloride resin, polycarbonate resin and the like can be exemplified.
- the polyolefin resin include polyethylene and polypropylene
- examples of the polyester resin include polyethylene terephthalate.
- the laminate obtained by bonding the adherend and the base material with the hot melt adhesive of the present invention can be used for various applications such as architecture, electronic materials, and automobiles.
- a laminated product can be manufactured as follows.
- the hot melt adhesive of the present invention is applied to the base material or the adherend by a coater while the base material and the adherend are caused to flow by a transport machine.
- the temperature at the time of application is controlled to a predetermined temperature with a heater.
- the adherend is lightly pressed against the substrate with a press, and the adherend and the substrate are bonded together via a hot melt adhesive. Thereafter, the adhered adherend and the substrate are allowed to cool and then flowed as they are with a transport machine to solidify the hot melt adhesive. Then, the base material with the adherend is cut into an appropriate size with a cutting machine.
- Acetone is added again to the insoluble matter to disperse, and using a centrifuge (high-speed cooling centrifuge, product name: CR22N / CR21N, manufactured by Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd.), temperature: 2 ° C., rotation speed: 12,000 rpm Centrifugation was performed for 60 minutes to completely separate the soluble and insoluble components.
- the insoluble matter was centrifuged and then heated to 60 ° C. in an oven under a nitrogen atmosphere to remove acetone, vacuum dried at 60 ° C., and weighed insoluble matter [W 1 ].
- the result was defined as the ratio of acetone insoluble matter, that is, the gel fraction.
- the gel fraction was calculated by the following formula.
- Gel fraction (mass%) [W 1 ] / [W 0 ] ⁇ 100 [W 1 ]; Acetone-insoluble content [W 0 ]; Acrylic resin powder amount precisely weighed in a 50 ml sample bottle If the gel fraction was 1% by mass or less, it was judged that it was soluble in acetone.
- Tensile testing machine Precision universal testing machine (Product name: AGS-X, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) Measurement conditions: Tensile speed 5.0 mm / min Distance between chucks 50mm From the measured values obtained, the initial adhesive strength was determined according to the following criteria. A good initial adhesive strength was 100 kPa or more. A: 200 kPa or more. B: 100 kPa or more and less than 200 kPa. C: Less than 100 kPa.
- a hot melt adhesive dissolved by heating was applied to a dried flat bar (wood, width 1.7 cm, length 7.5 cm, thickness 1.5 mm), and heated to 120 ° C. in a gear oven. Thereafter, kraft paper pieces were stuck using finger pressurization at an interval of 1 minute at room temperature, and then quickly removed.
- the open time was defined as the time from when the hot melt adhesive was applied to the flat bar to when no paper fibers remained on the adhesive surface when the kraft paper pieces were peeled off. From the measured values obtained, the open time was determined according to the following criteria. An open time of 15 minutes or longer was considered good. A: 30 minutes or more. B: 15 minutes or more and less than 30 minutes. C: Less than 15 minutes.
- Acrylic resin powder (P-1) [Step I (1)] Into a 2 liter four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, nitrogen gas inlet tube, stirring rod, dropping funnel and cooling tube, put 583 g of ion exchange water, aerate nitrogen gas for 30 minutes, and dissolve dissolved oxygen in the ion exchange water. Replaced. Next, nitrogen gas aeration was stopped and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. while stirring at 200 rpm.
- a monomer mixture (s-1) consisting of 26.1 g of methyl methacrylate and 19.9 g of n-butyl methacrylate was added all at once, and 0.80 g of potassium persulfate and ions 20 g of exchange water was added and held for 45 minutes to obtain a polymer dispersion (S-1).
- Step I (2) To the polymer dispersion (S-1) obtained in [Step I (1)], perex OT-P (dioctyl sulfosuccinate disodium, 70% active ingredient, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 0.32 g, potassium persulfate 0.4 g and 44 g of ion-exchanged water were added. After 15 minutes, 198.2 g of methyl methacrylate, 155.8 g of n-butyl acrylate, 2.8 g of Perex OT-P, 3.76 g of n-octyl mercaptan and ion-exchanged water An acrylic monomer mixture (a-1) consisting of 187.8 g was added dropwise over 2.5 hours. The polymerization was completed by maintaining at 80 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a polymer dispersion (A-1). The polymerization was carried out in an environment in which 25 ml of nitrogen gas was aerated.
- perex OT-P dio
- Step I (3) To the polymer dispersion (A-1) obtained in [Step I (2)], 332.4 g of methyl methacrylate, 65.0 g of t-butyl methacrylate, 2.6 g of methacrylic acid, 3.1 g of Plex OT-P, An acrylic monomer mixture (b-1) consisting of 4.2 g of n-octyl mercaptan and 212.2 g of ion-exchanged water was added dropwise over 2.5 hours. The polymerization was completed by maintaining at 80 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a multistage polymer dispersion (G-1). The polymerization was carried out in an environment in which 25 ml of nitrogen gas was aerated.
- Acrylic resin powder (P-1) was obtained by spray drying at 1,000 rpm.
- the acrylic resin powder (P-1) had a mass average molecular weight of 44,000, a primary particle volume average particle size of 0.70 ⁇ m, and a secondary particle volume average particle size of 32.8 ⁇ m.
- Table 3 The results are shown in Table 3.
- Acrylic resin powder (P-3) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the monomer mixtures (a) and (b) were changed to the masses shown in Table 2. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Acrylic resin powder (P-4) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the monomer mixtures (a) and (b) were changed to the masses shown in Table 2. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Acrylic resin powder (P-5) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the monomer mixtures (a) and (b) were changed to the masses shown in Table 2. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Acrylic resin powder (P-6) [Step I (2)] Place 3510 g of ion-exchanged water in a 2-liter four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, nitrogen gas inlet tube, stirrer, dropping funnel and cooling tube, and ventilate nitrogen gas for 30 minutes to replace dissolved oxygen in the ion-exchanged water. did. Next, nitrogen gas aeration was stopped and the temperature was raised to 65 ° C. while stirring at 200 rpm.
- a monomer mixture (a-1) consisting of 162.5 g of methyl methacrylate and 227.48 g of n-butyl acrylate was added all at once, and 19.5 g of Plex OT-P, n -4.1 g of octyl mercaptan, 1.95 g of potassium persulfate, and 97.5 g of ion-exchanged water were added, maintained for 30 minutes, the internal temperature was raised to 80 ° C, and then maintained for 90 minutes to obtain a polymer dispersion ( A-1) was obtained.
- Acrylic resin powder (P-7) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the monomer mixtures (a) and (b) were changed to the masses shown in Table 2. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Acrylic resin powder (P-8) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the monomer mixtures (a) and (b) were changed to the masses shown in Table 2. However, in the spray dryer of [Step (II)], clogging due to heat fusion of the resin occurred inside the disk, so that it was difficult to recover the acrylic resin powder. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Acrylic resin powder (P-9) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the monomer mixtures (a) and (b) were changed to the masses shown in Table 2. The results are shown in Table 3.
- MMA Methyl methacrylate (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)
- N-BMA n-butyl methacrylate (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)
- I-BMA i-Butyl methacrylate (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)
- T-BMA t-butyl methacrylate (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)
- N-BA n-butyl acrylate (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)
- MAA Methacrylic acid
- 2-HEMA 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate
- N-OM n-octyl mercaptan (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- KPS Potassium persulfate
- Example 7 [Dissolution process] In a 300 ml four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, a stir bar, and a condenser tube, 41.1 g of polypropylene glycol (trade name Adeka Polyether P-2000, manufactured by ADEKA) having a weight average molecular weight of about 2000 as a polyol, a weight average Polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 400 (trade name Adeka Polyether P-400, manufactured by ADEKA) 3.0 g, “Modaflow 2100” (manufactured by Ornex) 0.3 g as a defoaming agent, acrylic resin powder (P-1) 23. 7 g was added, the internal temperature was heated to 100 ° C., and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour to obtain a uniform solution-like resin composition.
- polypropylene glycol trade name Adeka Polyether P-2000, manufactured by ADEKA
- Adeka Polyether P-400 manufactured by ADEKA
- Example 8 to 12 A hot melt adhesive was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that only the type of acrylic resin powder was as shown in Table 4. The results of initial bond strength and open time are shown in Table 4.
- the acrylic resin powder of the present invention can provide an acrylic resin powder suitable for a hot melt adhesive that exhibits good initial adhesive strength and has a longer open time than conventional ones.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2018年3月26日に、日本に出願された特願2018-058236号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
<1> (メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)を含む単量体混合物(a)を重合して得られる重合体(A)を含む分散液存在下で、メタクリル酸メチル及び(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)を含む単量体混合物(b)を重合して得られる重合体(B)を含む多段重合体(M)を含み、
前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)におけるアルキル基の炭素数が4~8であり、
前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)におけるアルキル基の炭素数が4~8であり、
前記重合体(A)のガラス転移温度は20℃以下であり、
前記重合体(B)のガラス転移温度は55℃以上であり、
前記多段重合体(M)の質量平均分子量が1万以上30万以下であり、
アセトンに可溶なアクリル樹脂粉体。
<2> (メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)を含む単量体混合物(a)を重合して得られる重合体(A)と、
メタクリル酸メチル及び(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)を含む単量体混合物(b)を重合して得られる重合体(B)と、を含む多段重合体(M)を含み、
前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)におけるアルキル基の炭素数が4~8であり、
前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)におけるアルキル基の炭素数が4~8であり、
前記重合体(A)のガラス転移温度は20℃以下であり、
前記重合体(B)のガラス転移温度は55℃以上であり、
前記多段重合体(M)の質量平均分子量が1万以上30万以下であり、
アセトンに可溶なアクリル樹脂粉体。
<3> 一次粒子径の体積平均粒子径が0.1~10μmである、<1>又は<2>に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
<4> 二次粒子の体積平均粒子径が20~100μmである、<1>~<3>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
<5> 前記単量体混合物(a)がさらにその他共重合可能な単量体を含み、
前記単量体混合物(a)中、前記単量体混合物(a)の総質量に対し、メタクリル酸メチルの含有量が0~60質量%であり、前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)の含有量が40~100質量%であり、前記その他共重合可能な単量体の含有量が0~10質量%である、<1>~<4>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
<6> 前記単量体混合物(b)がさらにその他共重合可能な単量体を含み、
前記単量体混合物(b)中、前記単量体混合物(b)の総質量に対し、メタクリル酸メチルの含有量が50~90質量%であり、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)の含有量が10~50質量%であり、前記その他共重合可能な単量体の含有量が0~10質量%である、<1>~<5>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
<7> 前記多段重合体(M)を構成する単量体単位の総質量に対し、前記重合体(A)に由来する単量体単位の含有量が10~80質量%である、<1>~<6>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
<8> 単量体混合物(a)中、前記単量体混合物(a)の総質量に対し、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)の含有量は、40~100質量%が好ましく、<1>~<7>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
<9> 単量体混合物(b)中、前記単量体混合物(b)の総質量に対し、メタクリル酸メチルの含有量は、50~90質量%が好ましく、55~90質量%がより好ましく、65~90質量%がさらに好ましい、<1>~<8>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
<10> 単量体混合物(b)中、単量体混合物(b)の総質量に対し、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)の含有量は、10~50質量%が好ましく、10~45質量%がより好ましく、10~35質量%がさらに好ましい、<1>~<9>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
<11> 前記多段重合体(M)を構成する単量体単位を100質量%とした場合、前記重合体(A)に由来する単量体単位の含有量が10~80質量%が好ましく、20~70質量%がより好ましい、<1>~<10>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
<12> 前記多段重合体(M)を構成する単量体単位を100質量%とした場合、前記単量体混合物(b)に由来する単量体単位の含有量が20~90質量%が好ましく、30~80質量%がより好ましい、<1>~<11>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
<14> 前記ポリアルキレングリコールの数平均分子量が200~5000である<13>に記載の樹脂組成物。
<15> 更にポリエステルポリオールを含む<13>または<14>に記載の樹脂組成物。
<16> 更にイソシアネートを含む<13>~<15>のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂組成物。
前記多段重合体(M)の分散液(M1)を噴霧乾燥することによってアクリル樹脂粉体を得る工程(II)、とを含み、
前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)におけるアルキル基の炭素数が4~8であり、
前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)におけるアルキル基の炭素数が4~8である、<1>~<12>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。
<19> 前記単量体混合物(a)がさらにその他共重合可能な単量体を含み、
前記単量体混合物(a)中、単量体混合物(a)の総質量に対し、メタクリル酸メチルの含有量が0~60質量%であり、前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)の含有量が40~100質量%であり、前記その他共重合可能な単量体の含有量が0~10質量%である、<18>に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。
<20> 前記単量体混合物(b)がさらにその他共重合可能な単量体を含み、
前記単量体混合物(b)中、単量体混合物(b)の総質量に対し、メタクリル酸メチルの含有量が50~90質量%であり、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)の含有量が10~50質量%であり、前記その他共重合可能な単量体の含有量が0~10質量%である、<18>又は<19>に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。
<21> 前記多段重合体(M)を構成する単量体単位の総質量に対し、前記重合体(A)に由来する単量体単位の含有量が10~80質量%である、<18>~<20>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。
<22> 前記単量体混合物(a)中、前記単量体混合物(a)の総質量に対し、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)の含有量は、40~100質量%が好ましく、<18>~<21>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。
<23> 前記単量体混合物(b)中、前記単量体混合物(b)の総質量に対し、メタクリル酸メチルの含有量は、50~90質量%が好ましく、55~90質量%がより好ましく、65~90質量%がさらに好ましい、<18>~<22>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。
<24> 前記単量体混合物(b)中、前記単量体混合物(b)の総質量に対し、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)の含有量は、10~50質量%が好ましく、10~45質量%がより好ましく、10~35質量%がさらに好ましい、<18>~<23>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。
<25> 前記多段重合体(M)を構成する単量体単位を100質量%とした場合、前記重合体(A)に由来する単量体単位の含有量が10~80質量%が好ましく、20~70質量%がより好ましい、<18>~<24>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。
<26> 前記多段重合体(M)を構成する単量体単位を100質量%とした場合、前記単量体混合物(b)に由来する単量体単位の含有量が20~90質量%が好ましく、30~80質量%がより好ましい、<18>~<25>のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。
前記樹脂組成物にイソシアネートを混合し、ウレタンプレポリマーを得る工程(IV)を含むホットメルト接着剤の製造方法。
≪アクリル樹脂粉体≫
本発明のアクリル樹脂粉体は、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)を含む単量体混合物(a)を重合して得られる重合体(A)の分散液存在下で、メタクリル酸メチル及び(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)を含む単量体混合物(b)を重合して得られる重合体(B)を含有する多段重合体(M)を含み、前記重合体(A)のガラス転移温度は20℃以下であり、前記重合体(B)のガラス転移温度は55℃以上であり、前記多段重合体(M)の質量平均分子量が1万以上30万以下であり、アセトンに可溶なアクリル樹脂粉体である。
本明細書において、「多段重合体」とは、重合体(A)存在下に重合体(B)を合成して得られた、重合体(A)と重合体(B)とを含む樹脂混合物を意味する。例えば、多段重合体は、重合体(A)がコア部、重合体(B)がシェル部を形成しているコアシェル構造を有していてもよい。
ここでガラス転移温度(以下「Tg」ともいう)は下記のようにFOXの式(式(1))から求める値である。本明細書において、Tgの単位は「℃」である。具体的には、単独の単量体のみからなる重合体(単独重合体)である場合は、高分子学会編「高分子データハンドブック」等に記載されている標準的な分析値を採用することができ、n種類の単量体を重合して得られる共重合体である場合は、各単量体の単独重合体のTgから算出したものとみなすことができる。下記表1に、代表的な単独重合体のTgの文献値を示す。
・「MMA」:メタクリル酸メチル
・「EMA」:メタクリル酸エチル
・「n-BMA」:メタクリル酸n-ブチル
・「i-BMA」:メタクリル酸i-ブチル
・「t-BMA」:メタクリル酸t-ブチル
・「n-HMA」:メタクリル酸n-ヘキシル
・「2-EHMA」:メタクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル
・「MA」:アクリル酸メチル
・「EA」:アクリル酸エチル
・「n-BA」:アクリル酸n-ブチル
・「n-HA」:アクリル酸n-ヘキシル
・「2-EHA」:アクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル
・「MAA」:メタクリル酸
・「2-HEMA」:メタクリル酸2-ヒドロキシエチル
式中、Wnは単量体nの質量分率を表し、Tgnは単量体nのホモポリマーのガラス転移温度(℃)を表す。ここで、質量分率は、全単量体の仕込み量の合計に対する単量体nの仕込み量の割合である。
重合体(A)のTgは-20~20℃が好ましい。
重合体(B)のTgは,55~115℃が好ましく、65~115℃がより好ましく、70~115℃がさらに好ましい。
ゲル分率(質量%)=[W1]/[W0]×100
[W1];アセトン不溶分量
[W0];50mlサンプル瓶に精秤したアクリル樹脂粉体量
なお、ゲル分率が1質量%以下であれば、アセトンに可溶であるとした。
本発明のアクリル樹脂粉体に含めることができる、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)、及び(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)は、アルキル基の炭素数が4~8である。これらの単量体としては、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類(例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸n-ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸s-ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸i-ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸t-ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル等を挙げることができる。なお、「(メタ)アクリル酸」はアクリル酸とメタクリル酸の総称である。
上記範囲内であれば、重合体(A)のTgを20℃以下にしやすくなり、長いオープンタイムを有するホットメルト接着剤を得ることができる。
さらに、単量体混合物(b)中、単量体混合物(b)の総質量に対し、メタクリル酸メチルの含有量が65~90質量%であり、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)の含有量が10~35質量%であり、その他共重合可能な単量体の含有量が0~10質量%であることがより好ましい。
上記範囲内であれば、重合体(B)のガラス転移温度を55℃以上にしやすくなり、ホットメルト接着剤の初期接着強度が向上し、更にアクリル樹脂粉体同士の熱融着などによるブロッキングを抑制することができる。
本発明で用いることができる多段重合体(M)の質量平均分子量は、GPC(ゲル・パーミエイション・クロマトグラフィ)法により求めることができる標準ポリスチレン換算の値である。本発明のアクリル樹脂粉体に含まれる多段重合体(M)の質量平均分子量は1万以上30万以下である。
前記多段重合体(M)の質量平均分子量は2万以上20万以下であることが好ましい。多段重合体(M)の質量平均分子量が1万以上であれば、接着剤の初期接着強度が良好な傾向となる。多段重合体(M)の質量平均分子量が30万以下であれば、樹脂組成物及び接着剤の粘度が抑えられ、更にホットメルト接着剤のオープンタイムは長くなる。
本発明に用いることができるアクリル樹脂粉体は、その一次粒子の体積平均粒子径が、0.1~10μmが好ましく、0.1~5μmがより好ましく、0.1~2μmがさらに好ましい。
ここで一次粒子とは、アクリル樹脂粉体を構成する最小単位の重合体粒子を指す。一次粒子の体積平均粒子径が10μm以下であると、粒子の表面積が大きくなり、ポリアルキレングリコール等の媒体に溶解性が良好となる。また、0.1μm以上であると粉体とした場合の二次粒子の体積平均粒子径の熱融着が抑えられポリアルキレングリコール等の媒体への分散性が良好となる。
本発明において、アクリル樹脂粉体の一次粒子の体積平均粒子径は、レーザ回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置(堀場製作所製、製品名:LA-960)を用いて、多段重合体(M)分散液の粒子径を測定し、平均した値である。
本発明で用いることができるアクリル樹脂粉体は、その二次粒子の体積平均粒子径が20~100μmであることが好ましく、20~80μmであることがより好ましい。
二次粒子とは、一次粒子が多数集合した凝集粒子を指す。20μm以上であれば、粉立ちが抑えられるため取り扱いが容易となる。また、100μm以下であれば、ポリアルキレングリコールへの溶解性が良好となる。
本発明において、アクリル樹脂粉体の二次粒子の体積平均粒子径は、レーザ回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置(堀場製作所製、製品名:LA-960)を用いて、アクリル樹脂粉体の粒子径を測定し、平均した値である。
本発明で用いることができるアクリル樹脂粉体は、必要に応じて、消泡剤などの添加剤を含んでいてもよい。
本発明の樹脂組成物は、本発明のアクリル樹脂粉体を、ポリアルキレングリコールに溶解させて得られる。本発明の樹脂組成物は、ホットメルト接着剤に含めることができる。
ポリアルキレングリコール成分としては、ポリメチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリヘキサメチレングリコール、エチレンオキサイドとプロピレンオキサイドの共重合体等の2種以上のグリコール単位を有するポリアルキレングリコール、グリセリン等の多官能アルコールを用いた分岐状ポリアルキレングリコールが挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本明細書において、数平均分子量は、GPC(ゲル・パーミエイション・クロマトグラフィ)法で測定できる。
本発明の樹脂組成物は更に、ポリエステルポリオールを含有してもよい。ポリエステルポリオールとして、結晶性ポリエステルポリオール及び非晶性ポリエステルポリオールが知られており、それらの具体例としては、脂肪族ポリエステルポリオール、芳香族ポリエステルポリオールが挙げられる。結晶性ポリエステルポリオールと非晶性ポリエステルポリオールとは、DSCでも容易に区別される。結晶性ポリエステルポリオールの融点は、DSC測定によって、昇温時に吸熱ピークとして観察され、降温時には発熱ピークとして観察される。
非晶性ポリエステルポリオールの融点はDSCで測定すると、吸熱ピーク及び発熱ピークが明確に観察されないことから、結晶性ポリエステルポリオールと区別することは可能である。
本発明の樹脂組成物は、更に、イソシアネートを含有してもよい。イソシアネートとしては、例えば、エチレンジイソシアネート、エチリデンジイソシアネート、プロピレンジイソシアネート、ブチレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、トルエンジイソシアネート、シクロペンチレン-1,3-ジイソシアネート、シクロヘキシレン-1,4-ジイソシアネート、シクロヘキシレン-1,2-ジイソシアネート、4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、2,2-ジフェニルプロパン-4,4’-ジイソシアネート、p-フェニレンジイソシアネート、m-フェニレンジイソシアネート、キシリレンジイソシアネート、1,4-ナフチレンジイソシアネート、1,5-ナフチレンジイソシアネート、ジフェニル-4,4’-ジイソシアネート、アゾベンゼン-4,4’-ジイソシアネート、ジフェニルスルホン-4,4’-ジイソシアネート、ジクロロヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、フルフリデンジイソシアネート、1-クロロベンゼン-2,4-ジイソシアネート、4,4’,4”-トリイソシアネート-トリフェニルメタン、1,3,5-トリイソシアネート-ベンゼン、2,4,6-トリイソシアネート-トルエン及び4,4’-ジメチルジフェニルメタン-2,2’,5,5’-テトライソシアネートが挙げられる。
本発明の樹脂組成物を含む接着剤を、ホットメルト接着剤として使用してもよい。
本発明のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法においては、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)を含む単量体混合物(a)及び(a)100質量部に対して0.1~3質量部の連鎖移動剤を滴下し重合することで重合体(A)を形成する。上記単量体混合物(a)の重合においては、例えば乳化重合法やシード重合法、ソープフリー重合法、分散重合法、微細懸濁重合法等を使用することができる。得られた重合体(A)の分散液に、メタクリル酸メチル及び(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)を含む単量体混合物(b)、及び単量体混合物(b)100質量部に対して0.1~3質量部の連鎖移動剤を滴下し重合し、重合体(A)と重合体(B)とを含む多段重合体(M)を含む分散液(M1)を形成する。その後、多段重合体(M)を含む分散液(M1)を噴霧乾燥法(スプレードライ法)、酸凝固や塩凝固とそれに続く乾燥プロセス、凍結乾燥法、遠心分離法等を用いて粉体化し、アクリル樹脂粉体を得ることができる。特に噴霧乾燥法においては、凝集粒子は、一次粒子同士が比較的強固に結合しないため、弱い剪断により高次粒子構造を破壊して、一次粒子として均一に分散させることが可能であるため、好ましい。
単量体混合物(a)中、単量体混合物(a)の総質量に対し、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)の含有量は、40~100質量%が好ましい。
単量体混合物(a)中、単量体混合物(a)の総質量に対し、(その他共重合可能な単量体の含有量は、0~10質量%が好ましい。
単量体混合物(b)中、単量体混合物(b)の総質量に対し、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)の含有量は、10~50質量%が好ましく、10~45質量%がより好ましく、10~35質量%がさらに好ましい。
単量体混合物(b)中、単量体混合物(b)の総質量に対し、その他共重合可能な単量体の含有量は、0~10質量%が好まししい。
得られるポリマーの分子量の調整のために、連鎖移動剤を使用することが好ましい。連鎖移動剤としては、例えば、n-ドデシルメルカプタン等のメルカプタン類;チオグリコール酸オクチル等のチオグリコール酸エステル類;α-メチルスチレンダイマー、ターピノーレンが挙げられる。中でも、一級又は二級のメルカプト化合物であると、重合して得られるアクリル樹脂粉体を使用したホットメルト接着剤の物性が良好になるので好ましい。
水中で重合する際は、乳化剤を使用することが望ましい。乳化剤としてアニオン性界面活性剤またはノニオン性界面活性剤等を使用することができる。アニオン性界面活性剤の具体例としては、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、アルキルスルホン酸塩、アルキル硫酸エステル塩、脂肪酸金属塩、ポリオキシアルキルエーテル硫酸エステル塩、ポリオキシエチレンカルボン酸エステル硫酸エステル塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル硫酸エステル塩、コハク酸ジアルキルエステルスルホン酸塩(例えばジオクチルスルホコハク酸ジナトリウム等)が挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
水中で重合する際は、水溶性ラジカル重合開始剤を使用することが望ましい。水溶性ラジカル重合開始剤として、例えば、過硫酸カリウム、過硫酸アンモニウム、過硫酸ナトリウム等の過硫酸塩類;2,2’アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)三塩酸塩、4,4’-アゾビス(4-シアノペンタン酸)等の水溶性アゾ化合物;過酸化水素等の熱分解系重合開始剤;過酸化水素とアスコルビン酸、tert-ブチルヒドロパーオキサイドとロンガリット、過硫酸カリウムと金属塩、過硫酸アンモニウムと亜硫酸水素ナトリウム等のレドックス系重合開始剤等が挙げられる。これら重合開始剤は1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
上記製造方法により得られたアクリル系樹脂粉体をポリアルキレングリコールに溶解させ樹脂組成物を得ることができる。溶解の方法としては、例えば、ポリアルキレングリコールにアクリル系樹脂粉体を添加し、分散させた後、加熱混合することで溶解させることができる。
得られた本発明の樹脂組成物は、ホットメルト接着剤として適応できる。本発明において、「ホットメルト接着剤」とは、80~150℃の熱をかけて融解させてから使用する接着剤を意味する。本発明のホットメルト接着剤は、建築内装分野(または建築分野)及び電子材料分野、自動車内装分野等、従来からホットメルト接着剤が使用されている分野で用いることができる。
各種測定及び評価方法は以下の通りである。
GPC(ゲル・パーミエイション・クロマトグラフィ)法により、以下の条件で測定したポリスチレン換算値を、重合体の質量平均分子量とした。
・高速GPC装置(東ソー(株)製、製品名:HLC-8220GPC)
・カラム(東ソー(株)製、製品名:TSKgel SuperHZM-M)を4本直列に連結して使用
・オーブン温度:40℃
・溶離液:テトラヒドロフラン
・試料濃度:0.1質量%
・流速:0.35mL/分
・注入量:1μL
・検出器:RI(示差屈折計)
レーザ回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置(堀場製作所製、製品名:LA-960)を用いて、得られた重合体分散液及びアクリル樹脂粉体の粒子径を測定した。本明細書中における粒子径は、メジアン径(体積平均粒子径)を用いた。樹脂粒子と分散媒の相対屈折率はすべて1.12とした。分散媒にはイオン交換水を用いた。
アセトンに50mlのサンプル瓶にアクリル樹脂粉体を1.0g精秤[W0]し、アセトン40mlを加えて1日以上かけて分散させた。その後、遠心分離機(高速冷却遠心機、製品名:CR22N/CR21N、日立工機(株)製)を用いて、温度:2℃、回転数:12,000rpmで60分間遠心分離を行い、可溶分と不溶分を分離した。不溶分に再びアセトンを加え分散させ、遠心分離機(高速冷却遠心機、製品名:CR22N/CR21N、日立工機(株)製)を用いて、温度:2℃、回転数:12,000rpmで60分間遠心分離を行い、可溶分と不溶分に完全に分けた。不溶分は遠心分離後、窒素雰囲気下のオーブンで60℃に加熱してアセトンを除去し、60℃で真空乾燥し、不溶分の秤量[W1]を行った。その結果をアセトン不溶分の割合、すなわちゲル分率とした。ゲル分率は下記式によって計算した。
ゲル分率(質量%)=[W1]/[W0]×100
[W1];アセトン不溶分量
[W0];50mlサンプル瓶に精秤したアクリル樹脂粉体量
ゲル分率が1質量%以下であれば、アセトンに可溶であると判断した。
平棒(木製、幅1.7cm、長さ7.5cm、厚さ1.5mm)を2本用意し、その一方に、120℃で加熱溶融したホットメルト接着剤を1.5cm×1.7cmの面積に塗布し、もう一本の木製平棒を重ね合わせダブルクリップで挟み、2時間静置してホットメルト接着剤を冷却固化させた。静置後ダブルクリップを外し、下記の引張試験機で引張せん断試験を行い、初期接着強度を測定した。
引張試験機:精密万能試験機(製品名:AGS-X、島津製作所製)
測定条件 :引張速度 5.0mm/min
チャック間距離 50mm
得られた測定値から、下記基準にて初期接着強度を判定した。初期接着強度が100kPa以上であれば良好とした。
A:200kPa以上。
B:100kPa以上200kPa未満。
C:100kPa未満。
乾燥させた平棒(木製、幅1.7cm、長さ7.5cm、厚さ1.5mm)に、加熱溶解させたホットメルト接着剤を塗布し、ギアオーブンにて120℃に加熱した。その後室温下にて1分間隔で、指加圧を用いてクラフト紙片を張り付けて、速やかに剥がすことを繰り返した。ホットメルト接着剤を平棒に塗布したときから、クラフト紙片を剥がしたときに接着剤面に紙の繊維が残らなくなるまでの時間をオープンタイムとした。得られた測定値から、下記基準にてオープンタイムを判定した。オープンタイムは15分以上あれば良好とした。
A:30分以上。
B:15分以上30分未満。
C:15分未満。
[工程I(1)]
温度計、窒素ガス導入管、攪拌棒、滴下漏斗及び冷却管を装備した2リットルの4つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水583gを入れ、30分間窒素ガスを通気し、イオン交換水中の溶存酸素を置換した。次いで、窒素ガスの通気を停止し、200rpmで攪拌しながら80℃に昇温した。内温が80℃に達した時点で、メタクリル酸メチル26.1g及びメタクリル酸n-ブチル19.9gからなる単量体混合物(s-1)を一括投入し、過硫酸カリウム0.80gとイオン交換水20gを投入し、45分間保持し、重合体分散液(S-1)を得た。
[工程I(1)]で得た重合体分散液(S-1)に、ペレックスOT-P(ジオクチルスルホコハク酸ジナトリウム、有効成分70%、花王(株)製)0.32g、過硫酸カリウム0.4gとイオン交換水44gを投入し、その15分後にメタクリル酸メチル198.2g、アクリル酸n-ブチル155.8g、ペレックスOT-P2.8g、n-オクチルメルカプタン3.76g及びイオン交換水187.8gからなるアクリル単量体混合物(a-1)を2.5時間かけて滴下した。1時間80℃に保持して重合を完了し、重合体分散液(A-1)を得た。重合は毎分25mlの窒素ガスを通気した環境下で行った。
[工程I(2)]で得た重合体分散液(A-1)に、メタクリル酸メチル332.4g、メタクリル酸t-ブチル65.0g、メタクリル酸2.6g、ペレックスOT-P3.1g、n-オクチルメルカプタン4.2g及びイオン交換水212.2gからなるアクリル単量体混合物(b-1)を2.5時間かけて滴下した。1時間80℃に保持して重合を完了し、多段重合体分散液(G-1)を得た。重合は毎分25mlの窒素ガスを通気した環境下で行った。
この多段重合体分散液(M-1)を、スプレードライヤー(大川原化工機(株)製、製品名:L-8i型)を用いて入口温度/出口温度=120/60℃及びディスク回転数20,000rpmの条件で噴霧乾燥してアクリル樹脂粉体(P-1)を得た。
アクリル樹脂粉体(P-1)は、質量平均分子量44,000、一次粒子の体積平均粒子径0.70μm、二次粒子の体積平均粒子径32.8μmであった。結果を表3に示す。
単量体混合物(a)と(b)を表2に示す質量にした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でアクリル樹脂粉体(P-2)を製造した。結果を表3に示す。
単量体混合物(a)と(b)を表2に示す質量にした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でアクリル樹脂粉体(P-3)を製造した。結果を表3に示す。
単量体混合物(a)と(b)を表2に示す質量にした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でアクリル樹脂粉体(P-4)を製造した。結果を表3に示す。
単量体混合物(a)と(b)を表2に示す質量にした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でアクリル樹脂粉体(P-5)を製造した。結果を表3に示す。
[工程I(2)]
温度計、窒素ガス導入管、攪拌機、滴下漏斗及び冷却管を装備した2リットルの4つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水3510gを入れ、30分間窒素ガスを通気し、イオン交換水中の溶存酸素を置換した。次いで、窒素ガスの通気を停止し、200rpmで撹拌しながら65℃に昇温した。内温が65℃に到達した時点で、メタクリル酸メチル162.5g及びアクリル酸n-ブチル227.48gからなる単量体混合物(a-1)を一括投入し、ペレックスOT-P19.5g、n-オクチルメルカプタン4.1g、過硫酸カリウム1.95g、イオン交換水97.5gを投入し、30分保持し、内温を80℃へ昇温した後、90分保持し、重合体分散液(A-1)を得た。
単量体混合物(a)と(b)を表2に示す質量にした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でアクリル樹脂粉体(P-6)を製造した。結果を表3に示す。
単量体混合物(a)と(b)を表2に示す質量にした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でアクリル樹脂粉体(P-7)を製造した。結果を表3に示す。
単量体混合物(a)と(b)を表2に示す質量にした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でアクリル樹脂粉体(P-8)を製造した。しかし、[工程(II)]のスプレードライヤーにおいて、ディスク内部で樹脂の熱融着による詰まりが発生したため、アクリル樹脂粉体としての回収が困難であった。結果を表3に示す。
単量体混合物(a)と(b)を表2に示す質量にした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でアクリル樹脂粉体(P-9)を製造した。結果を表3に示す。
アクリル単量体混合物(a)を表2に示す重量に、[工程I(3)]を行わなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でアクリル樹脂粉体(P-10)を製造した。結果を表3に示す。
・「MMA」:メタクリル酸メチル(三菱ケミカル(株)製)
・「n-BMA」:メタクリル酸n-ブチル(三菱ケミカル(株)製)
・「i-BMA」:メタクリル酸i-ブチル(三菱ケミカル(株)製)
・「t-BMA」:メタクリル酸t-ブチル(三菱ケミカル(株)製)
・「n-BA」:アクリル酸n-ブチル(三菱ケミカル(株)製)
・「MAA」:メタクリル酸(三菱ケミカル(株)製)
・「2-HEMA」:メタクリル酸2-ヒドロキシエチル(三菱ケミカル(株)製)
・「n-OM」:n-オクチルメルカプタン(和光純薬工業(株)製)
・「KPS」:過硫酸カリウム(三菱ガス化学(株)製)
・「OT-P」:ペレックスOT-P、ジオクチルスルホコハク酸ジナトリウム、有効成分70%(花王(株)製)
[溶解工程]
温度計、攪拌棒、及び冷却管を装備した300ミリリットルの4つ口フラスコに、ポリオールとして質量平均分子量約2000のポリプロピレングリコール(商品名アデカポリエーテルP-2000、ADEKA製)41.1g、質量平均分子量約400のポリプロピレングリコール(商品名アデカポリエーテルP-400、ADEKA製)3.0g、脱泡剤として「モダフロー2100」(オルネクス製)0.3g、アクリル樹脂粉体(P-1)23.7gを入れ、内温を100℃まで加熱し、1時間撹拌することで均一な溶液状の樹脂組成物を得た。
この樹脂組成物を15kPa、100℃で1時間加熱撹拌し、減圧脱水した。
アクリル樹脂粉体の種類のみ表4の通りとした以外は全て実施例7と同様にしてホットメルト接着剤を得た。初期接着強度およびオープンタイムの結果を表4に示す。
アクリル樹脂粉体の種類のみ表4の通りとした以外は全て実施例7と同様にしてホットメルト接着剤を得た。初期接着強度およびオープンタイムの結果を表4に示す。ただし、比較例6に関しては、アクリル樹脂粉体P-8が回収不可であったため、ホットメルト接着剤を得ることができなかった。
Claims (17)
- (メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)を含む単量体混合物(a)を重合して得られる重合体(A)を含む分散液存在下で、メタクリル酸メチル及び(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)を含む単量体混合物(b)を重合して得られる重合体(B)を含有する多段重合体(M)を含み、
前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)におけるアルキル基の炭素数が4~8であり、
前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)におけるアルキル基の炭素数が4~8であり、
前記重合体(A)のガラス転移温度は20℃以下であり、
前記重合体(B)のガラス転移温度は55℃以上であり、
前記多段重合体(M)の質量平均分子量が1万以上30万以下であり、
アセトンに可溶なアクリル樹脂粉体。 - 一次粒子径の体積平均粒子径が0.1~10μmである、請求項1に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
- 二次粒子の体積平均粒子径が20~100μmである、請求項1または2に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
- 前記単量体混合物(a)がさらにその他共重合可能な単量体を含み、
前記単量体混合物(a)中、前記単量体混合物(a)の総質量に対し、メタクリル酸メチルの含有量が0~60質量%であり、前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)の含有量が40~100質量%であり、その他共重合可能な単量体の含有量が0~10質量%である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。 - 前記単量体混合物(b)がさらにその他共重合可能な単量体を含み、
前記単量体混合物(b)中、前記単量体混合物(b)の総質量に対し、メタクリル酸メチルの含有量が50~90質量%であり、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)の含有量が10~50質量%であり、前記その他共重合可能な単量体の含有量が0~10質量%である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。 - 前記多段重合体(P)を構成する重合体全量を100質量%とした場合、前記重合体(A)が10~80質量%である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体を、ポリアルキレングリコールに溶解させて得られる樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリアルキレングリコールの数平均分子量が200~5000である請求項7に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 更にポリエステルポリオールを含む請求項7または8に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 更にイソシアネートを含む請求項7~9のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 請求項7~10のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂組成物を含むホットメルト接着剤。
- (メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)を含む単量体混合物(a)、及び前記単量体混合物(a)100質量部に対して0.1~3質量部の連鎖移動剤を重合して得られる重合体(A)を含む分散液(A1)に、メタクリル酸メチル及び(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)を含む単量体混合物(b)、及び前記単量体混合物(b)100質量部に対して0.1~3質量部の連鎖移動剤を滴下し重合することで、重合体(B)を形成し、前記重合体(A)及び前記重合体(B)を含む多段重合体(M)を含む分散液(M1)を得る工程(I)、及び、
前記多段重合体(M)の分散液(M1)を噴霧乾燥することによってアクリル樹脂粉体を得る工程(II)、とを含み、
前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)におけるアルキル基の炭素数が4~8であり、
前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)におけるアルキル基の炭素数が4~8である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。 - 前記単量体混合物(a)がさらにその他共重合可能な単量体を含み、
前記単量体混合物(a)中、単量体混合物(a)の総質量に対し、メタクリル酸メチルの含有量が0~60質量%であり、前記(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(ma)の含有量が40~100質量%であり、前記その他共重合可能な単量体の含有量が0~10質量%である、請求項12に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。 - 前記単量体混合物(b)がさらにその他共重合可能な単量体を含み、
前記単量体混合物(b)中、単量体混合物(b)の総質量に対し、メタクリル酸メチルの含有量が50~90質量%であり、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル(mb)の含有量が10~50質量%であり、前記その他共重合可能な単量体の含有量が0~10質量%である、請求項12又は13に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。 - 前記多段重合体(M)を構成する単量体単位の総質量に対し、前記重合体(A)に由来する単量体単位の含有量が10~80質量%である、請求項12~14のいずれか一項に記載のアクリル樹脂粉体の製造方法。
- 請求項12~15のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法で得られたアクリル樹脂粉体をポリアルキレングリコールに溶解させる工程(III)を含む、樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項12~15のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法で得られたアクリル樹脂粉体を、ポリアルキレングリコールに溶解させ樹脂組成物を得る工程(III)、および
前記樹脂組成物にイソシアネートを混合し、ウレタンプレポリマーを得る工程(IV)を含むホットメルト接着剤の製造方法。
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