WO2019187176A1 - 重合条件設定方法、光学材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
重合条件設定方法、光学材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019187176A1 WO2019187176A1 PCT/JP2018/021769 JP2018021769W WO2019187176A1 WO 2019187176 A1 WO2019187176 A1 WO 2019187176A1 JP 2018021769 W JP2018021769 W JP 2018021769W WO 2019187176 A1 WO2019187176 A1 WO 2019187176A1
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- Prior art keywords
- polymerization
- bis
- compound
- functional group
- physical property
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- C08F22/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof
- C08F22/04—Anhydrides, e.g. cyclic anhydrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
- C08G18/24—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin
- C08G18/242—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin organometallic compounds containing tin-carbon bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/3855—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having sulfur
- C08G18/3876—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having sulfur containing mercapto groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7614—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
- C08G18/7628—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the aromatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
- C08G18/7642—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the aromatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing at least two isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups linked to the aromatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups, e.g. xylylene diisocyanate or homologues substituted on the aromatic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/06—Polythioethers from cyclic thioethers
- C08G75/08—Polythioethers from cyclic thioethers from thiiranes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
- G01N3/54—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16C—COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY; CHEMOINFORMATICS; COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
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- G16C20/30—Prediction of properties of chemical compounds, compositions or mixtures
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- G16C60/00—Computational materials science, i.e. ICT specially adapted for investigating the physical or chemical properties of materials or phenomena associated with their design, synthesis, processing, characterisation or utilisation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/003—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
- B29C39/006—Monomers or prepolymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/38—Heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/44—Measuring, controlling or regulating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymerization condition setting method and a method for producing an optical material having excellent appearance.
- Plastic lenses are rapidly spreading as optical materials such as eyeglass lenses and camera lenses because they are lighter and harder to break than inorganic lenses and can be dyed. So far, various molded articles for lenses have been developed and used.
- typical examples include allyl resin obtained from diethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate and diallyl isophthalate, (meth) acrylic resin obtained from (meth) acrylate, polythiourethane resin obtained from isocyanate and thiol, and the like. .
- Patent Document 1 as a method for producing a plastic lens having a high refractive index and a thick plastic lens, after the polymerizable composition is filled in a mold, a holding step for maintaining the polymerizable composition at an initial temperature or higher at the time of filling, The manufacturing method provided with the cooling process which cools a composition is proposed.
- the curing step is a holding step for keeping the polymerizable composition at an initial temperature or higher during the filling step, and after the holding step, the polymerizable composition is A cooling method for cooling is disclosed.
- a plastic lens is usually formed by polymerizing and curing a polymerizable composition filled in a pair of molds.
- the polymerization rate varies depending on the temperature, and the polymerization rate is locally increased or decreased with a slight temperature distribution. For this reason, for example, the part where the polymerization rate is increased has a molecular weight higher than that of the others and settles downward or rises upward. Further, convection of the polymerizable composition may occur in the mold. If the polymerizable composition is cured with these traces remaining, optical distortion or striae may occur in the plastic lens.
- Polymerization temperature conditions are extremely important conditions for suppressing optical distortion and striae.
- examples of the polymerization temperature condition include the conditions disclosed in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2, but the setting of the temperature condition by the reaction kinetic analysis of the polymerizable composition has been performed so far. I did not come.
- An object of the present invention is to set a polymerization temperature condition that suppresses optical distortion or striae associated with curing of the polymerizable composition and further provides an optical material having an excellent appearance.
- the inventors of the present invention have increased the polymerization rate of the optical material by appropriately setting the polymerization temperature condition in accordance with a predetermined analysis, and in the process of polymerization curing of the optical material, As a result, it has been found that an optical material having excellent appearance can be obtained by suppressing the occurrence of optical distortion and striae as a result of which variation can be suppressed, and the present invention has been completed.
- a polymerization condition setting method comprising: (conditions) When the polymerization rate is 10% or more and 80% or less, the polymerization rate is 0.4% / hr or more and 15% / hr or less, and the standard deviation is 2.3% / hr or less.
- polyisocyanate compound includes at least one selected from aliphatic polyisocyanate, aromatic polyisocyanate, heterocyclic polyisocyanate, and alicyclic polyisocyanate.
- active hydrogen compound is composed of a polythiol compound having two or more mercapto groups, a hydroxythiol compound having one or more mercapto groups and one or more hydroxyl groups, a polyol compound having two or more hydroxyl groups, and an amine compound.
- the composition includes at least one compound selected from an allyl carbonate compound, a (meth) acrylate compound or an episulfide compound, which is the polymerization reactive compound, and the polymerization initiator or the polymerization catalyst. , [3] or [4].
- [9] The method for producing an optical material according to [8], wherein the allyl carbonate compound is represented by the following general formula (1).
- R 1 is a C5-C40 cycloaliphatic polyol optionally containing a di- to 20-valent group derived from a linear or branched C3-C35 aliphatic polyol which may contain a hetero atom or a hetero atom.
- R 1 does not include an allyloxycarbonyl group.
- the method for producing an optical material according to [8], wherein the (meth) acrylate compound is represented by the following general formula (2).
- R 2 represents a divalent to tetravalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom or an aromatic group.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- N represents 2 to 4 Indicates an integer.
- the method for producing an optical material according to [8], wherein the episulfide compound is represented by the following general formula (3).
- R 1 to R 7 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group of C1 to C10, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group of C6 to C18.
- M represents an integer of 0 to 2
- p represents an integer of 0 to 4.
- the functional group is derived from the functional group before heating.
- a physical property acquisition unit for acquiring the physical property value a and the physical property value b derived from the remaining functional group after being kept warm for a predetermined time; From the physical property value a and the physical property value b, a residual functional group ratio calculating unit that calculates a residual functional group ratio; From the residual functional group ratio, a reaction rate coefficient calculation unit that calculates a reaction rate coefficient based on a reaction rate equation; A polymerization temperature calculation unit for calculating a polymerization temperature based on the reaction rate coefficient and the following conditions; A polymerization condition setting device.
- a physical property acquisition means for acquiring a physical property value a and a physical property value b derived from a residual functional group after being kept warm for a predetermined time;
- a residual functional group ratio calculating means for calculating a residual functional group ratio from the physical property value a and the physical property value b;
- a reaction rate coefficient calculating means for calculating a reaction rate coefficient from the residual functional group ratio based on a reaction rate equation; and
- a polymerization temperature calculating means for calculating a polymerization temperature based on the reaction rate coefficient and the following conditions:
- a computer program that functions as a computer.
- the polymerization rate [%] is a ratio of a polymerized reactive compound polymerized among used polymerization reactive compounds.
- the polymerization rate [% / h] is a value obtained by dividing the polymerization rate by time.
- the polymerization time is the time from mixing a composition comprising a combination of a polymerization reactive compound and a polymerization catalyst and / or a polymerization initiator to curing.
- the polymerization condition setting method of the present invention it is possible to obtain a polymerization temperature condition in which generation of optical distortion and striae is suppressed and an optical material excellent in appearance can be obtained. Furthermore, the optical material manufacturing method using the obtained polymerization temperature condition can suppress the occurrence of optical distortion and striae, and an optical material excellent in appearance can be obtained. Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a polymerization condition setting device and a computer program for calculating a polymerization temperature condition, and an optical material manufacturing apparatus including the polymerization condition setting device.
- 6 is a chart in which polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time obtained by the polymerization condition setting method in Example 5, polymerization time, and polymerization rate are plotted.
- 7 is a chart in which polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time obtained by the polymerization condition setting method in Example 7, polymerization time, and polymerization rate are plotted.
- 10 is a chart in which polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time obtained by the polymerization condition setting method in Example 9, polymerization time, and polymerization rate are plotted.
- 10 is a chart in which polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time obtained by the polymerization condition setting method in Example 11, polymerization time, and polymerization rate are plotted.
- 3 is a chart in which polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time obtained by the polymerization condition setting method in Comparative Example 1, polymerization time, and polymerization rate are plotted.
- 10 is a chart in which polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time obtained by the polymerization condition setting method in Comparative Example 4, polymerization time, and polymerization rate are plotted. It is the chart which plotted the polymerization temperature condition for every polymerization time obtained by the polymerization condition setting method in Comparative Example 6, the polymerization time, and the polymerization rate.
- the storage unit 100, the physical property acquisition unit 120, the residual functional group ratio calculation unit 140, the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160, and the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 of the polymerization condition setting device 10 are hardware units. Blocks of functional units are shown instead of configurations.
- the storage unit 100, the physical property acquisition unit 120, the residual functional group ratio calculation unit 140, the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160, and the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 of the polymerization condition setting device 10 are loaded into the CPU, memory, and memory of an arbitrary computer.
- the program is realized by an arbitrary combination of hardware and software, centering on a program for realizing the components shown in the figure, a storage medium such as a hard disk for storing the program, and a network connection interface.
- FIG. 1 is a flow of a polymerization condition setting method according to this embodiment.
- the polymerization condition setting method according to the present embodiment is a method for setting a polymerization temperature condition in a composition including a polymerization reactive compound and a polymerization catalyst and / or a polymerization initiator.
- the polymerization condition setting method includes a physical property acquisition step S10, a residual functional group ratio calculation step S20, a reaction rate coefficient calculation step S30, and a polymerization temperature calculation step S40.
- the physical property acquisition step S10 the composition containing the polymerization reactive compound and the polymerization catalyst and / or the polymerization initiator is heated and kept at a predetermined temperature before the polymerization reactive compound is heated.
- the physical property value a derived from the functional group and the physical property value b derived from the remaining functional group after being kept warm for a predetermined time are obtained.
- the residual functional group ratio calculating step S20 the residual functional group ratio is calculated from the physical property value a and the physical property value b.
- reaction rate coefficient calculating step S30 a reaction rate coefficient is calculated from the residual functional group ratio based on the reaction rate equation.
- the polymerization temperature calculation step S40 the polymerization temperature is calculated based on the reaction rate coefficient and the following conditions. Conditions: In a polymerization rate range of 10% to 80%, the polymerization rate is 0.4% / hr to 15% / hr, and the standard deviation of the polymerization rate per hour is 2.3% / hr or less.
- polymerization reactive compound examples include a polyiso (thio) cyanate compound having two or more isocyanato groups or isothiocyanato groups, a (thio) epoxide compound having one or more epoxy groups or thioepoxy groups, and one or more oxetanyl groups.
- Polyiso (thio) cyanate compounds include tetramethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, heptamethylene diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate.
- Aliphatic polyisocyanate compounds such as lysine diisocyanatomethyl ester, lysine triisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate; Isophorone diisocyanate, bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, bis (isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane, dicyclohexyldimethylmethane isocyanate, 2,5-bis (isocyanatomethyl) bicyclo- [2.2.1] -heptane, 2,6- Bis (isocyanatomethyl) bicyclo- [2.2.1] -heptane, 3,8-bis (isocyanatomethyl) tricyclodecane, 3,9-bis (isocyanatomethyl) tricyclodecane, 4,8- Alicyclic polyisocyanate compounds such as bis (isocyanatomethyl) tricyclodecane and 4,9-bis (isocyanatomethyl) tricyclodecane; Aromatic poly
- polyepoxy compounds such as bisphenol A diglycidyl ether; Bis (2,3-epoxypropyl) sulfide, bis (2,3-epoxypropyl) disulfide, bis (2,3-epoxypropylthio) methane, 1,2-bis (2,3-epoxypropylthio) ethane, 1,2-bis (2,3-epoxypropylthio) propane, 1,3-bis (2,3-epoxypropylthio) propane, 1,3-bis (2,3-epoxypropylthio) -2-methyl Propane, 1,4-bis (2,3-epoxypropylthio) butane, 1,4-bis (2,3-epoxypropylthio) -2-methylbutane, 1,3-bis (2,3-epoxypropylthio) ) Butane, 1,5-bis (2,3-epoxypropylthio) pent
- thioepoxide compounds include bis (1,2-epithioethyl) sulfide, bis (1,2-epithioethyl) disulfide, bis (epithioethylthio) methane, and bis (epithioethylthio).
- Epithioethylthio compounds such as benzene, bis [4- (epithioethylthio) phenyl] sulfide, bis [4- (epithioethylthio) phenyl] methane; Bis (2,3-epithiopropyl) sulfide, bis (2,3-epithiopropyl) disulfide, bis (2,3-epithiopropylthio) methane, 1,2-bis (2,3-epithiopropyl) Thio) ethane, 1,2-bis (2,3-epithiopropylthio) propane, 1,3-bis (2,3-epithiopropylthio) propane, 1,3-bis (2,3-epithio) Propylthio) -2-methylpropane, 1,4-bis (2,3-epithiopropylthio) butane, 1,4-bis (2,3-
- Aromatic 2 3-epithiopropylthio compounds; Bis (2,3-epithiopropyl) ether, bis (2,3-epithiopropyloxy) methane, 1,2-bis (2,3-epithiopropyloxy) ethane, 1,2-bis (2, 3-epithiopropyloxy) propane, 1,3-bis (2,3-epithiopropyloxy) propane, 1,3-bis (2,3-epithiopropyloxy) -2-methylpropane, 1,4 -Bis (2,3-epithiopropyloxy) butane, 1,4-bis (2,3-epithiopropyloxy) -2-methylbutane, 1,3-bis (2,3-epithiopropyloxy) butane 1,5-bis (2,3-epithiopropyloxy) pentane, 1,5-bis (2,3-epithiopropyloxy) -2-methylp
- the episulfide compound it is preferable to use a compound represented by the following general formula (3).
- R 1 to R 7 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having C1 to C10, and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having C6 to C18.
- R 1 to R 7 may be the same or different from each other.
- C1 or more and C10 or less linear or branched alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl Group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group and the like.
- the aryl group include aryl groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, and phenanthryl.
- R 1 to R 7 may be the same or different and are preferably a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group of C1 to C10, and all are preferably hydrogen atoms.
- M represents an integer of 0 or more and 2 or less, preferably 0 or 1, more preferably 0.
- p represents an integer of 0 or more and 4 or less.
- oxetanyl compound examples include 3-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyloxetane, 1,4-bis ⁇ [(3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl) methoxy] methyl ⁇ benzene, 3-ethyl-3- (phenoxymethyl) oxetane, di [1-ethyl- (3-oxetanyl)] methyl ether, 3-ethyl-3- (2-ethylhexyloxymethyl) oxetane, phenol novolac oxetane and the like can be mentioned.
- thietanyl compounds include 1- ⁇ 4- (6-mercaptomethylthio) -1,3-dithianylthio ⁇ -3- ⁇ 2- (1,3-dithietanyl) ⁇ methyl-7,9-bis (mercaptomethylthio) -2 , 4,6,10-tetrathiaundecane, 1,5-bis ⁇ 4- (6-mercaptomethylthio) -1,3-dithianylthio ⁇ -3- ⁇ 2- (1,3-dithietanyl) ⁇ methyl-2, 4-dithiapentane, 4,6-bis [3- ⁇ 2- (1,3-dithietanyl) ⁇ methyl-5-mercapto-2,4-dithiapentylthio] -1,3-dithiane, 3- ⁇ 2- (1,3-dithietanyl) ⁇ methyl-7,9-bis (mercaptomethylthio) -1,11-dimercapto-2,4,6,10-t
- the (meth) acrylate compound can be represented by the following formula.
- R 2 represents a divalent to tetravalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom or an aromatic group.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- n represents an integer of 2 to 4.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylate compound (B) include compounds represented by general formula (2-1) and general formula (2-2).
- p represents a numerical value of 1 to 100, and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and may not be the same.
- p is preferably a numerical value of 1 to 50, more preferably a numerical value of 1 to 20, further preferably a numerical value of 2 to 10, and particularly preferably a numerical value of 2 to 4.
- the (meth) acrylate compound represented by the general formula (2-1) includes ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, and triethylene.
- Glycol diacrylate tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, propylene glycol dimethacrylate, dipropylene glycol dimethacrylate, tripropylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetrapropylene glycol dimethacrylate, propylene glycol diacrylate, dipropylene glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, Tetrapropylene glycol It can include at least one selected from acrylate.
- q represents a numerical value of 1 or more, and the sum of two qs represents a numerical value of 2 to 100.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and may not be the same.
- X represents a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic group or a divalent aliphatic group which may contain a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylate compound represented by the general formula (2-2) include bisphenol A dimethacrylate, methylene-bis- (4,1-phenylene) -bis- (2-methacrylate), bisphenol A diacrylate, methylene -Bis- (4,1-phenylene) -bis- (2-acrylate), 2,2-bis- (4-methacryloyloxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis- (4-acryloyloxyphenyl) propane, 2 -(4-Methacryloyloxyphenyl) -2- (4-methacryloyloxyethoxyphenyl) propane, 2- (4-acryloyloxyphenyl) -2- (4-acryloyloxyethoxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis- ( 4-methacryloyloxyethoxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis- (4 Acryloyloxyethoxyphenyl) propane, 2- (4-methacryloyloxyethoxyphenyl) -2- (4
- (meth) acrylate compounds include butanediol dimethacrylate, hexamethylene dimethacrylate, 2,2-bis (4-methacryloyloxyethoxy-3,5-dibromophenyl) propane, 2,2-bis- (4 -Methacryloyloxypentaethoxyphenyl) propane, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, bisphenol A-diglycidyl ether diacrylate, bisphenol A-diglycidyl ether dimethacrylate , Tetrabromobisphenol A-diglycidyl ether diacrylate, tetrabromobisphenol A-diglycidyl ether At least one member selected from the group consisting of meta-acrylate.
- (meth) acrylate compound (B) is diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, dipropylene glycol dimethacrylate, tripropylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol.
- At least one selected from propylene glycol diacrylate and tripropylene glycol diacrylate is preferable, More preferably, it is at least one selected from diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, and triethylene glycol diacrylate, Particularly preferred is at least one selected from diethylene glycol dimethacrylate and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate.
- alkene compound examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate), divinylbenzene, and the like.
- alkyne compounds examples include 2-butyne, 2-pentyne, 2-hexyne, 3-hexyne, 2-heptin, 3-heptin, 2-octyne, 3-octyne, 4-octyne, diisopropylacetylene, 2-nonine, 3- Nonine, 4-nonine, 5-nonine, 2-decyne, 3-decyne, 4-decyne, 5-decyne, di-tert-butylacetylene, diphenylacetylene, dibenzylacetylene, methyl-iso-propylacetylene, methyl-tert -Butylacetylene, ethyl-iso-propylacetylene, ethyl-tert-butylacetylene, n-propyl-iso-propylacetylene, n-propyl-tert-butylacetylene, phenylmethylacety
- Bifunctional or higher active hydrogen compounds include poly (thi) ol compounds having two or more hydroxy groups or mercapto groups, polyamine compounds having two or more amino groups or secondary amino groups, and polyamine compounds having two or more carboxyl groups. Examples thereof include carboxylic acid compounds. Moreover, the compound which has 2 or more active hydrogen groups chosen from a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, an amino group, a secondary amino group, a carboxyl group etc. in one molecule can also be mentioned. Two or more active hydrogen groups may be the same or different.
- examples of the polyol compound include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, butylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, and ditrimethylol.
- polyol compounds include oxalic acid, glutamic acid, adipic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, ⁇ -oxocyclohexanepropionic acid, dimer acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, salicylic acid, 3-bromopropionic acid, 2
- a condensation reaction product of an organic acid such as bromoglycol, dicarboxycyclohexane, pyromellitic acid, butanetetracarboxylic acid, bromophthalic acid and the above polyol
- An addition reaction product of the above polyol with an alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide
- Addition products of alkylene polyamines and alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; furthermore, bis- [4- (hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] sulfide, bis- [4- (2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl] sulf
- Polythiol compounds include methanedithiol, 1,2-ethanedithiol, 1,2,3-propanetrithiol, 1,2-cyclohexanedithiol, bis (2-mercaptoethyl) ether, tetrakis (mercaptomethyl) methane, diethylene glycol bis (2-mercaptoacetate), diethylene glycol bis (3-mercaptopropionate), ethylene glycol bis (2-mercaptoacetate), ethylene glycol bis (3-mercaptopropionate), trimethylolpropane tris (2-mercaptoacetate) , Trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate), trimethylolethanetris (2-mercaptoacetate), trimethylolethanetris (3-mercaptopropionate) ), Pentaerythritol tetrakis (2-mercaptoacetate), pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate), bis (
- Polyamine compounds include ethylenediamine, 1,2-, or 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,2-, 1,3-, or 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 1,6-diamino Hexane, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,10-diaminodecane, 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-diaminocyclohexane, o-, m- or p-diamino Benzene, 3,4- or 4,4'-diaminobenzophenone, 3,4- or 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, 3,3'- Or 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone, 2,7-di
- Polycarboxylic acid compounds include succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, biphenyl Examples thereof include dicarboxylic acid, dimer acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, and ⁇ -caprolactone.
- Examples of the compound having two or more different active hydrogen groups include hydroxythiol compounds having one or more mercapto groups and one or more hydroxyl groups.
- Examples of the hydroxythiol compound include 2-mercaptoethanol, 3-mercapto-1,2-propanediol, glycerol di (mercaptoacetate), 1-hydroxy-4-mercaptocyclohexane, 2,4-dimercaptophenol, 2-mercapto.
- acid anhydride examples include succinic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, tetrabromophthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, dodecyl succinic anhydride, and the like.
- the allyl carbonate compound can be represented by the following formula.
- R 1 is derived from a linear or branched C3 to C35 aliphatic polyol that may contain a heteroatom, or a C5 to C40 cyclic aliphatic polyol that may contain a heteroatom.
- 2 to 20-valent groups of m represents an integer of 2 to 10.
- R 1 does not contain an allyloxycarbonyl group.
- the allyl carbonate compound can contain the oligomer.
- the oligomer is, for example, poly (allyl carbonate) formed by transesterification of diallyl carbonate and polyol, in which two or more molecules of polyol are linked through a carbonate bond.
- This allyl carbonate compound is a poly (allyl carbonate) of a linear or branched aliphatic polyol having 3 to 35 carbon atoms.
- poly (allyl carbonates) of cycloaliphatic polyols having 5 to 40 carbon atoms in the molecule. These polyols can usually have 2 to 6, preferably 2 to 4 hydroxyl groups in the molecule.
- polyol constituting R 1 in the general formula (1) examples include diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5 -Pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-methyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2-diethyl-1,3 -Propanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane, 4,8-bis (hydroxymethyl)-[5.2.1.0 2,6 ] tri Cyclodecane, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, pentae Suritoru, diglycerol, ditri
- examples of allyl carbonate compounds include, for example, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6- Hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-methyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2, At least one selected from 4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane and 4,8-bis (hydroxymethyl)-[5.2.1.0 2,6 ] tricyclodecane Bis (allyl carbonate) compounds of various diols, glycerol, trimes Tetra (allyl) of at least one tetraol selected from tris (
- bis (allyl carbonate) of a mixture of at least two kinds of diols is obtained, for example, as a mixture of the following monomer components and oligomer components when the diol is diethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol.
- Monomer component (1) Diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate) (2) Neopentyl glycol bis (allyl carbonate) Oligomer component (3) Oligomer containing only hydrocarbons (and ethers) derived from diethylene glycol (4) Oligomer containing only hydrocarbons derived from neopentyl glycol (5) Hydrocarbons (and ethers) derived from diethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol Complex oligomers containing both hydrocarbons
- Diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate) compound and mixture thereof with oligomer Diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate) can be defined by the formula (1-1).
- the oligomer of diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate) can be defined by the formula (1-2).
- r is 2 or more.
- Compound (1-1) can be obtained by reacting diethylene glycol bis (chloroformate) with allyl alcohol as described in, for example, “Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology”, Kirk-Othmer, III, Vol. 2, pages 111-112. Can be manufactured. Mixtures of diethyleneglycobis (allyl carbonate) (formula (1-1)) and oligomers thereof (formula (1-2)) are prepared as described in, for example, European Patent No. 35,304. It can be easily produced by transesterification of diallyl carbonate and diethylene glycol by operating in the presence of a neutral catalyst. These mixtures usually contain up to about 80% by weight of oligomers.
- poly (allyl carbonate) compound of a mixture of diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, and pentaerythritol and an oligomer thereof
- the poly (allyl carbonate) compound was obtained by replacing diethylene glycol with two diols, diethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol. Except for this, it is the same as the poly (allyl carbonate) compound (v).
- the cured resin constituting the optical material in the present embodiment will be described in more detail.
- the cured resin is preferably a cured resin obtained by heat-polymerizing a composition containing a polymerization reactive compound and a polymerization catalyst and / or a polymerization initiator, and obtained from a liquid composition that is easy to cast.
- the cured resins described in the following (a1) to (a29) are preferable.
- poly (thio) urethane resin in which polyiso (thio) cyanate compound and poly (thi) ol compound are polymerized
- poly (thio) urethane resin means polyurethane resin, polythiourethane resin and polydithiourethane resin.
- poly (thio) urea resin in which polyisocyanate compound or polyisothiocyanate compound and polyamine compound are polymerized
- poly (thio) urea resin means polyurea resin and polythiourea resin.
- the polymerizable composition used in the present embodiment may contain components other than the modifier such as the polymerization reactive compound and the polyether-modified compound, the ester compound, or the ether compound.
- a polymerization catalyst or a thermal polymerization initiator is added, and cured by radiation other than infrared rays (heat) such as ultraviolet rays.
- heat infrared rays
- a photopolymerization initiator is added.
- Examples of the polymerization catalyst include Lewis acids, amine compounds, tertiary amine compounds and inorganic acid salts or organic acid salts thereof, metal compounds, quaternary ammonium salts, and organic sulfonic acids.
- the amount of the polymerization catalyst used is preferably in the range of 5 ppm to 15% by weight, more preferably in the range of 10 ppm to 10% by weight, and still more preferably in the range of 50 ppm to 3% by weight with respect to the polymerizable composition.
- the metal compound used as the polymerization catalyst include dimethyltin chloride, dibutyltin chloride, dibutyltin laurate and the like.
- thermal polymerization initiator examples include ketone peroxide compounds such as methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide and cyclohexanone peroxide; Diacyl peroxide compounds such as isobutyryl peroxide, o-chlorobenzoyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide; Dialkyl peroxide compounds such as tris (t-butylperoxy) triazine, t-nutylcumyl peroxide; 1,1-di (t-hexylperoxy) cyclohexane, 2,2-bis (4,4-di-t-butylperoxycyclohexyl) propane, 2,2-di (t-butylperoxy) butane, Peroxyketal compounds such as 1,1-di (t-amylperoxy) cyclohexane; ⁇ -cumylperoxyneodecanoate, t-butylperoxypivalate, 2,4,4-trimethylpent
- Examples of the photopolymerization initiator used include a photoradical polymerization initiator, a photocationic polymerization initiator, and a photoanionic polymerization initiator. Among these photopolymerization initiators, a photoradical polymerization initiator is preferable.
- photo radical polymerization initiator examples include Irgacure 127 (manufactured by BASF), Irgacure 651 (manufactured by BASF), Irgacure 184 (manufactured by BASF), Darocur 1173 (manufactured by BASF), benzophenone, 4- Phenylbenzophenone, Irgacure 500 (made by BASF), Irgacure 2959 (made by BASF), Irgacure 907 (made by BASF), Irgacure 369 (made by BASF), Irgacure 1300 (made by BASF), Irgacure 819 (BASF), Irgacure 1800 (BASF), Darocur TPO (BASF), Darocur 4265 (BASF), Irgacure OXE01 (BASF), Irgacure OXE02 (BASF) Escaure KT55 (Lamberti), Escaure ONE (Lamberti
- Irgacure 127 (manufactured by BASF), Irgacure 184 (manufactured by BASF), Darocur 1173 (manufactured by BASF), Irgacure 500 (manufactured by BASF), Irgacure 819 (BASF) Darocur TPO (manufactured by BASF), Esacure ONE (manufactured by Lamberti), Esacure KIP100F (manufactured by Lamberti), Esacure KT37 (manufactured by Lamberti) and Esacure KTO46 (manufactured by Lamberti) are preferable.
- photocationic polymerization initiator examples include Irgacure 250 (manufactured by BASF), Irgacure 784 (manufactured by BASF), Esacure 1064 (manufactured by Lamberti), CYRAURE UVI 6990 (manufactured by Union Carbide Japan), Adeka Optomer SP-172 (made by ADEKA), Adeka optomer SP-170 (made by ADEKA), Adeka optomer SP-152 (made by ADEKA), Adeka optomer SP-150 (made by ADEKA), etc. are mentioned. .
- a photopolymerization accelerator When using the photopolymerization initiator, a photopolymerization accelerator may be used in combination.
- the photopolymerization accelerator include 2,2-bis (2-chlorophenyl) -4,5′-tetraphenyl-2′H- ⁇ 1,2 ′> biimidazolol, tris (4-dimethylaminophenyl) methane, Examples include 4,4′-bis (dimethylamino) benzophenone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, camphorquinone, and the like.
- the amount of the photopolymerization initiator and thermal polymerization initiator used in the polymerizable composition is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20% by weight, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 10% by weight, and still more preferably. It is in the range of 1 to 5% by weight.
- composition (1) A composition comprising a polyisocyanate compound and an active hydrogen compound as a polymerization reactive compound, and the polymerization catalyst.
- Composition (2) A composition comprising at least one compound selected from an allyl carbonate compound, a (meth) acrylate compound or an episulfide compound as a polymerization reactive compound, and the polymerization initiator or the polymerization catalyst.
- the polyisocyanate compound preferably contains at least one selected from aliphatic polyisocyanate, aromatic polyisocyanate, heterocyclic polyisocyanate, and alicyclic polyisocyanate, and the active hydrogen compound is A polythiol compound having two or more mercapto groups, a hydroxythiol compound having one or more mercapto groups and one or more hydroxyl groups, a polyol compound having two or more hydroxyl groups, and at least one selected from the group consisting of amine compounds It is preferable.
- the allyl carbonate compound is preferably represented by the general formula (1)
- the (meth) acrylate compound is preferably represented by the general formula (2)
- the episulfide The compound is preferably represented by the general formula (3).
- an internal mold release agent may be added as necessary.
- An acidic phosphate ester can be used as the internal mold release agent.
- acidic phosphoric acid esters include phosphoric acid monoesters and phosphoric acid diesters, which can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the acidic phosphate used as the internal mold release agent can be represented by the general formula (a).
- x represents an integer of 1 or 2
- y represents an integer of 0 to 18
- R27 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- R 28 and R 29 are each independently hydrogen.
- An atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group is shown.
- the number of carbon atoms in x is preferably 4 to 20.
- a plurality of R 27 s , a plurality of R 28 s , or a plurality of R 29 s may be the same or different.
- R 27 in the general formula (a) is, for example, linear aliphatic such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, tetradecane, hexadecane, etc.
- At least one selected from these can be used. In addition, it is not limited only to these exemplary compounds.
- the acidic phosphate ester at least one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds can be used.
- y is preferably 0 or 1.
- R 27 is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably a linear alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 27 is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the acidic phosphate ester can be used as one or a mixture of two or more selected from these.
- ZelecUN As acidic phosphoric acid esters, ZelecUN (STEPAN), MR internal mold release agent (Mitsui Chemicals), Johoku Chemical Co., Ltd. JP series, Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Phosphanol series, Daihachi Chemical AP, DP series, etc. manufactured by Kogyo Co., Ltd. can be used, and ZeleCUN (STEPAN) and MR internal mold release agent (Mitsui Chemicals) are more preferable.
- an ultraviolet absorber and a hindered amine light stabilizer are further added to the composition in the present embodiment, and the weather resistance is increased. It is desirable that the composition is imparted with properties.
- the ultraviolet absorber is not particularly limited.
- a benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber a triazine ultraviolet absorber, a benzophenone ultraviolet absorber, a benzoate ultraviolet absorber, a propanedioic acid ester ultraviolet absorber, or an oxanilide type.
- Various ultraviolet absorbers such as an ultraviolet absorber can be used.
- External line absorber benzophenone ultraviolet absorbers such as 2-hydroxy-4-n-methoxybenzophenone and 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone; 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl-3,5-di -Benzoate UV absorbers such as tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate; Propandioic acid- ⁇ (4-methoxyphenyl) -methylene ⁇ -dimethyl ester, trade name Hostabin PR-25 (manufactured by Clariant Japan KK) Propanedioc-based ultraviolet absorbers such as trade name Hostabin B-CAP (manufactured by Clariant Japan KK); 2-ethyl-2′-ethoxy-oxanilide, trade name Sanduvor VSU (manufactured by Clariant Japan KK) And oxanilide UV absorbers .
- benzotriazole and triazine ultraviolet absorbers tend to be preferable.
- a light control dye or a light control pigment may be added.
- typical photochromic dyes or photochromic dyes for example, one or two or more of spiropyran compounds, spirooxazine compounds, fulgide compounds, naphthopyran compounds, and bisimidazole compounds may be used depending on the desired coloration. Can be used.
- composition in the present embodiment further includes, if necessary, a polymerization accelerator, a catalyst, an infrared absorber, a radical scavenger, an antioxidant, a polymerization inhibitor, a dye and dye that is not dimming, a binder, a dispersant, Various additives such as antifoaming agents, nanometer-sized organic or inorganic particles may be added.
- a cured resin obtained by heat polymerization of the composition in the present embodiment and a molded body made of the resin are produced by adding a polymerization reactive compound and various additives as necessary. Moreover, you may add to the composition in this embodiment the polymerization reactive compound and additive which are not described in this application in the range which does not impair the effect of this invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the polymerization condition setting device 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the setting device 10 according to the present embodiment is a setting device that calculates polymerization conditions in the above-described composition.
- the setting device 10 includes a physical property acquisition unit 120, a residual functional group ratio calculation unit 140, a reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160, and a polymerization temperature calculation unit 180.
- the polymerization condition setting device 10 further includes a storage unit 100.
- the storage unit is a computer-readable medium that can record measurement results, calculation results, and programs.
- a semiconductor memory, an IC card, an optical disk, a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a magnetic tape, a digital video disk, and the like are included.
- the program recorded in the storage unit can cause the computer to realize the polymerization condition setting method of the present embodiment.
- the physical property acquisition unit 120 warms a composition containing a polymerization reactive compound, a polymerization catalyst and / or a polymerization initiator, and keeps the composition at a predetermined temperature before heating the polymerization reactive compound.
- the physical property value a derived from the functional group and the physical property value b derived from the remaining functional group after being kept warm for a predetermined time are obtained.
- the residual functional group ratio calculation unit 140 calculates the residual functional group ratio from the physical property value a and the physical property value b.
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 calculates a reaction rate coefficient from the residual functional group ratio based on the reaction rate equation.
- the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 calculates the polymerization temperature based on the reaction rate coefficient and the following conditions. Conditions: When the polymerization rate is in the range of 10% to 80%, the polymerization rate is 0.4% / hr to 15% / hr and the standard deviation is 2.3% / hr or less.
- the physical property acquisition unit 120 warms the composition and keeps the composition at a predetermined temperature.
- the physical property value b derived from the residual functional group is acquired from, for example, the storage unit 100 (physical property acquisition step S10).
- the temperature at which the polymerization reactive compound is heated varies depending on the temperature at which the polymerization reactive compound is polymerized. For example, one or more can be selected from the range of 5 ° C. or higher and 140 ° C. or lower.
- the heat retention time varies depending on the heat retention temperature, and is not particularly limited as long as the polymerization is not completed.
- a physical property value a derived from the functional group before heating of the polymerization reactive compound, and a predetermined value is stored.
- the physical property value b is stored in association with the heat retention temperature (temperature after warming), and exists for at least one elapsed time for each of the plurality of heat retention temperatures.
- the physical property values a and b are directly input to the storage unit 100 from an input unit (not shown).
- the physical property values stored are calorific value, specific gravity, weight average molecular weight, number average molecular weight, spectral intensity in IR measurement, 1 H-NMR spectral intensity, or 13 C-NMR spectral intensity.
- the physical property acquisition unit 120 can read and acquire the physical property value a and the physical property value b stored in the storage unit 100, for example.
- the physical property values a and b obtained by a measurement device such as a thermal analysis device, a specific gravity measurement device, a GPC measurement device, an IR measurement device, and an NMR device should be directly input to the physical property acquisition unit 120 from an input unit (not shown). You can also.
- thermomechanical measuring device examples include a thermomechanical measuring device and a dynamic thermomechanical measuring device.
- the residual functional group ratio calculation unit 140 acquires the physical property value a and the physical property value b from the physical property acquisition unit 120, and calculates the residual functional group ratio based on these physical property values (residual functional group ratio calculation step S20).
- the residual functional group ratio calculation unit 140 calculates the residual functional group ratio based on, for example, the amount of heat measured by thermal analysis will be described below.
- the residual functional group ratio can be expressed by the following formula 1.
- Xt (J / g) heat quantity of the preparation liquid after being kept at a specific temperature for t hours
- X 0 corresponds to the physical property value a
- Xt corresponds to the physical property value b.
- the residual functional group ratio can be expressed by Formula 2.
- the specific gravity of the prepared liquid immediately after the preparation (before heating) corresponds to the physical property value a
- the specific gravity measured after the temperature is maintained at a specific temperature for t time corresponds to the physical property value b.
- the residual functional group ratio can be calculated by quantifying the change over time in the ratio of the spectral intensity of the NCO group and the CH group. .
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 obtains the remaining functional group rate from the remaining functional group rate calculation unit 140, performs a reaction kinetic analysis based on the reaction rate equation from the remaining functional group rate, and calculates the reaction rate coefficient (Reaction rate coefficient calculation step S30).
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 can read the reaction rate formula stored in the storage unit 100 in advance.
- Examples of the reaction rate equation include an nth-order reaction rate equation (n is 0 or more), a Prout-Tompkins rate equation, a Bawn rate equation, and a Leeson-Mattocks rate equation.
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 can select an optimal formula based on the polymerizable composition and the order of the reaction.
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 calculates a reaction rate coefficient based on the remaining functional group rate acquired from the remaining functional group rate calculation unit 140 based on the reaction rate equation read from the storage unit 100.
- the n-order reaction rate formula represented by the following formula 3 is used will be described.
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 is a graph showing the heat retention time t on the horizontal axis and f (residual functional group ratio) into which the residual functional group ratio of the target substance (polymerizable compound) in the sample is substituted. Plot the residual functional group percentage over time.
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 acquires a regression line from the graph, and acquires the slope of the regression line as the reaction rate coefficient k.
- the temperature of the sample being kept warm is converted to an absolute temperature T and the inverse is plotted on the horizontal axis.
- Each point is plotted with the natural logarithm of the reaction rate coefficient k at the temperature as the vertical axis, and a regression line with a slope of ( ⁇ Ea / R) is obtained. This plot is called an Arrhenius plot.
- the inverse of the desired absolute temperature T is substituted into the regression line obtained as described above, and the reaction rate coefficient k at the absolute temperature T is calculated.
- the reaction rate coefficient is substituted into the reaction rate equation represented by Equation 3 obtained as described above, the residual functional group ratio when the sample is placed at the absolute temperature T for t hours is calculated.
- reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 obtains the following formula 5 by replacing y, a, x, and b with the following in the regression line of formula 4.
- Ea Activation energy (J ⁇ mol ⁇ 1 K ⁇ 1 )
- R Gas coefficient (8.3145 J ⁇ mol ⁇ 1 )
- T Absolute temperature
- A Frequency factor
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 can also calculate the polymerization rate from the following formula 7.
- Polymerization rate (%) (1-residual functional group rate) ⁇ 100
- the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 acquires the reaction rate coefficient from the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160, and calculates the polymerization temperature based on the following polymerization conditions (polymerization temperature calculation step S40). (Polymerization conditions) When the polymerization rate is 10% or more and 80% or less, the polymerization rate is 0.4% / hr or more and 15% / hr or less, and the standard deviation of the polymerization rate (gradient) per hour is 2.3% / hr or less.
- the storage unit 100 stores in advance desired polymerization conditions in a range of a polymerization rate of 10% to 80% by the user. Specifically, the storage unit 100 stores a desired polymerization rate and a standard deviation of the polymerization rate in advance. It is also possible to directly input the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 from an input unit (not shown).
- the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 acquires the reaction rate coefficient from the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 and acquires desired polymerization conditions from the storage unit 100.
- the reaction rate coefficient is associated with the type of the polymerizable compound, and the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 selects the primary reaction rate equation or the secondary reaction rate equation from the type of the polymerizable compound. Then, the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 performs back calculation using the selected reaction rate equation so as to satisfy the desired polymerization conditions acquired from the storage unit 100, and calculates the polymerization temperature condition for each polymerization time.
- the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 also acquires the polymerization rate from the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160, and the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 transmits the polymerization temperature condition and the polymerization rate for each polymerization time and stores them in the storage unit 100.
- the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 may be configured to output a polymerization temperature and a polymerization rate for each polymerization time to a monitor or the like (not shown). Thereby, the user can check the polymerization temperature and the polymerization rate for each polymerization time, and can carry out the polymerization reaction according to these conditions.
- the optical material manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment includes the above-described polymerization condition setting apparatus.
- the optical material manufacturing apparatus of the present embodiment is A heating part for heating a composition comprising a polymerization reactive compound, a polymerization catalyst and / or a polymerization initiator, A polymerization condition setting device 10 of the present embodiment; Based on the polymerization temperature condition obtained by the polymerization condition setting device 10, a control unit that controls the heating unit so as to heat a composition containing a polymerization reactive compound, a polymerization catalyst and / or a polymerization initiator, Is provided.
- the heating unit is an apparatus that can heat the mold filled with the composition, and examples of the heating furnace include an electric furnace, a hot air circulating furnace, an infrared oven, and a microwave oven.
- the control unit may be installed integrally with or separately from the heating furnace, and the amount of heat (for example, oven temperature distribution measurement, mold outer surface temperature, mold inner surface temperature, polymerization process temperature until the composition is cured). ), And a monitor thereof may be provided. Further, the control unit is configured to be able to access the storage unit 100 of the polymerization condition setting device 10 and to monitor the temperature of the heating unit.
- the controller monitors the temperature of the polymerization composition after the start of polymerization, collates the temperature with the polymerization temperature condition for each polymerization time obtained from the storage unit 100, and controls the heating unit based on the polymerization temperature condition.
- the optical material manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment can suitably implement the polymerization condition setting method of this embodiment.
- Allyl carbonate composition 1 RAV 7MC (poly (allyl carbonate) compound of diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol and pentaerythritol and oligomer thereof, manufactured by ACOMON) ⁇ Ultraviolet absorber> EVERSORB 109: Everlight Chemical Industrial Corp.
- Example 1 58.9 parts by weight of an isocyanate composition containing dicyclohexylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanate (manufactured by EVONIC), 1.5 parts by weight of UV absorber EVERSORB109, 0.64 parts by weight of TINUVIN-326, dibutyl as a catalyst 0.18 parts by weight of tin dichloride was added, 0.15 parts by weight of an internal release agent for MR (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals) was added as an internal release agent, and the mixture was rapidly stirred and dissolved.
- EVONIC isocyanate composition containing dicyclohexylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanate
- UV absorber EVERSORB109 1.5 parts by weight of UV absorber EVERSORB109, 0.64 parts by weight of TINUVIN-326, dibutyl as a catalyst 0.18 parts by weight of tin dichloride was added
- 0.15 parts by weight of an internal release agent for MR manufactured by Mit
- the two sample bottles were purged with nitrogen, and analyzed by a differential scanning calorimeter at 30 ° C. three times every elapsed time (after 0 hour, 3 hours, and 25 hours later), and 70 ° C. every elapsed time. A calorific value was obtained twice (after 0 hours and after 3 hours).
- the residual functional group ratio calculation unit 140 at 30 ° C., the residual functional group ratio 1.000 immediately after mixing and stirring, the residual functional group ratio 0.9498 after 3 hours, the residual functional group ratio 0.7000 after 25 hours, and at 70 ° C., immediately after mixing and stirring.
- the residual functional group ratio of 1.000 and the residual functional group ratio of 0.6596 after 3 hours were obtained.
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 uses a second-order reaction rate equation, and the reaction rate coefficient, which is the slope of the regression line, was 0.017 at 30 ° C. and 0.172 at 70 ° C.
- the storage unit 100 has a polymerization rate of 10% to 80% with a slope (polymerization rate) of 2.70% / hr (average value) and an hourly polymerization rate (slope) with a standard deviation of 0.69% / hr.
- the polymerization conditions were preserved.
- the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 accesses the polymerization conditions stored in the storage unit 100 and calculates the polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time.
- FIG. 3 shows a chart plotting the polymerization temperature condition for each polymerization time, the polymerization time, and the polymerization rate displayed on a monitor (not shown).
- Example 2 Polymerization was carried out under the temperature conditions obtained in Example 1. 589 parts by weight of a composition containing isomers mainly composed of dicyclohexylmethane 4,4′-diisocyanate (EVONIC) as a raw material, 15 parts by weight of an ultraviolet absorber EVERSORB109, 6.4 parts by weight of TINUVIN-326, 1.8 parts by weight of dibutyltin dichloride as a catalyst was added, 1.5 parts by weight of an internal mold release agent for MR (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals) was added as an internal mold release agent, and mixed and stirred at 15 ° C. to 25 ° C. to dissolve. .
- EVONIC dicyclohexylmethane 4,4′-diisocyanate
- This mixed solution was further added with 5,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiaundecane, 4,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-tri 411 parts by weight of a composition containing thiaundecane, 4,8-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiaundecane was added, and the mixture was stirred at 15 to 25 ° C. Thereafter, filtration was performed to purify the mixed solution, and the solution was further deaerated by reducing the pressure with a vacuum pump. Ten samples were prepared by casting this solution into a glass mold.
- the mold shape was ⁇ 81 mm, the front surface was 2 curves, the back surface was 6 curves, and the center thickness was 15.6 mm.
- Polymerization was performed by the optical material manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment. Based on the temperature condition obtained in Example 1, the temperature of the polymerization oven was set and the temperature condition was controlled. After the polymerization was completed (polymerization rate: 96.4%), a cooled polythiourethane resin was obtained from the polymerization oven by cooling. After the internal stress was removed by annealing treatment, the obtained resin was subjected to evaluation of optical distortion with a high-pressure mercury lamp. As a result, 10 out of 10 specimens were very excellent in optical distortion as optical applications. Got.
- Example 3 50.6 parts by weight of m-xylylene diisocyanate, 1.5 parts by weight of UV absorber VIOSORB-583 and 0.008 parts by weight of dibutyltin dichloride were added, and an internal release agent for MR (Mitsui) 0.18 parts by weight of Chemical) was added and stirred at 15 ° C. to dissolve.
- This mixed solution was further added with 5,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiaundecane, 4,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-tri 49.4 parts by weight of a composition containing thiaundecane, 4,8-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiaundecane was added and rapidly mixed and stirred at 15 ° C. About 0.5 g of the stirred solution was placed in a sample bottle and two specimens (for two test temperatures) were quickly degassed by a vacuum pump. The pressure was reduced to atmospheric pressure.
- the calorific value was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter with the sample immediately after the preparation as the zero reaction time.
- the two sample bottles were purged with nitrogen, and analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry at 30 ° C 5 times (after 0 hour, 1 hour, 4 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours), at 70 ° C.
- a calorific value was obtained twice (after 0 hours and after 3 hours).
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 uses a second-order reaction rate equation, and the reaction rate coefficient, which is the slope of the regression line, was 0.0784 at 30 ° C. and 0.6656 at 70 ° C.
- the storage unit 100 has a polymerization rate 10% to 80% gradient (polymerization rate) of 5.85% / hr (average value) and a standard deviation of polymerization rate (gradient) per hour of 0.78%. The polymerization conditions of / hr were preserved.
- the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 accesses the polymerization conditions stored in the storage unit 100 and calculates the polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time.
- FIG. 4 shows a chart plotting the polymerization temperature condition for each polymerization time, the polymerization time, and the polymerization rate displayed on a monitor (not shown).
- Example 4 Polymerization was carried out under the temperature conditions obtained in Example 3. 506 parts by weight of m-xylylene diisocyanate, 15 parts by weight of UV absorber VIOSORB-583 and 0.08 part by weight of dibutyltin dichloride are added, and an internal release agent for MR (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals) as an internal release agent was mixed and stirred at 15 to 25 ° C. to dissolve.
- an internal release agent for MR manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals
- This mixed solution was further added with 5,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiaundecane, 4,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-tri 494 parts by weight of a composition containing thiaundecane and 4,8-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiaundecane was added and mixed and stirred at 15 to 25 ° C. Thereafter, filtration was performed to purify the mixed solution, and the solution was further deaerated by reducing the pressure with a vacuum pump. Ten samples were prepared by casting this solution into a glass mold.
- the mold shape was a thin object having a shape of ⁇ 81 mm, front surface 4 curve, back surface 4 curve, center thickness 2.5 mm.
- Polymerization was performed by the optical material manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment. Based on the temperature conditions obtained in Example 3, the temperature of the polymerization oven was set and the temperature conditions were controlled. After the polymerization was completed (polymerization rate: 97.0%), the resin was cooled and cured from the polymerization oven. The obtained resin was subjected to an annealing treatment to remove internal stress, and then optical distortion was evaluated using a high-pressure mercury lamp. Among 10 specimens, 10 specimens with no optical distortion were obtained that were very excellent for optical use.
- Example 5 Temperature conditions under which a slope (polymerization rate) of a polymerization rate of 10% to 80% is 3.65% / hr (average value), and a standard deviation of the polymerization rate (slope) per hour is 0.56% / hr The same processing as in Example 3 was performed, except that FIG. 5 shows a chart plotting the polymerization temperature condition for each polymerization time, the polymerization time, and the polymerization rate displayed on a monitor (not shown).
- Example 6 Polymerization was carried out under the temperature conditions obtained in Example 5. 506 parts by weight of m-xylylene diisocyanate, 15 parts by weight of UV absorber VIOSORB-583 and 0.08 part by weight of dibutyltin dichloride are added, and an internal release agent for MR (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals) 1 as an internal release agent .8 parts by weight was added and dissolved by mixing and stirring at 15 to 25 ° C.
- an internal release agent for MR manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals
- This mixed solution was further added with 5,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiaundecane, 4,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-tri 494 parts by weight of a composition containing thiaundecane and 4,8-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiaundecane was added and mixed and stirred at 15 to 25 ° C. Thereafter, filtration was performed to purify the mixed solution, and the solution was further deaerated by reducing the pressure with a vacuum pump. Ten samples were prepared by casting this solution into a glass mold.
- the mold shape was ⁇ 80 mm, the front surface was 2 curves, the back surface was 6 curves, and the center thickness was 15.6 mm.
- Polymerization was performed by the optical material manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment. Based on the temperature condition obtained in Example 5, the temperature of the polymerization oven was set and the temperature condition was controlled. After the polymerization was completed (polymerization rate: 97.1%), the resin was cooled and cured from the polymerization oven. The obtained resin was subjected to an annealing treatment to remove internal stress, and then optical distortion was evaluated using a high-pressure mercury lamp. Among 10 specimens, 10 specimens with no optical distortion were obtained that were very excellent for optical use.
- Example 7 To 99.2 parts by weight of RAV 7MC, 0.8 parts by weight of LUPEROX 531M80 as a radical polymerization initiator and 0.05 parts by weight of polypropylene glycol, diol type, 2000 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were added and rapidly stirred and mixed. About 0.5 g of the stirred solution was placed in a sample bottle and two specimens (for two test temperatures) were quickly degassed by a vacuum pump. The pressure was returned to atmospheric pressure using nitrogen from the reduced pressure. The calorific value was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter with the sample immediately after the preparation as the zero reaction time.
- the two sample bottles were purged with nitrogen and analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry four times at 80 ° C. (after 0 hours, after 5 hours, after 30 hours and after 35 hours) and 3 times at 100 ° C. (0 hours) Thereafter, 2 hours later, 5 hours later), and a calorific value was obtained.
- the residual functional group ratio calculating unit 140 at 80 ° C., the residual functional group ratio immediately after mixing and stirring is 1.000, the residual functional group ratio after 0.9 hours is 0.9035, the residual functional group ratio after 30 hours is 0.5537, and the residual functional group is after 35 hours. A result of rate 0.5100 was obtained. At 100 ° C., the result was a residual functional group ratio of 1.000 immediately after mixing and stirring, a residual functional group ratio of 0.6166 after 2 hours, and a residual functional group ratio of 0.4854 after 5 hours.
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 used a first-order reaction rate equation, and the reaction rate coefficient, which is the slope of the regression line, was 0.0194 at 80 ° C. and 0.158 at 100 ° C.
- the storage unit 100 has a polymerization rate of 10% to 80% with a slope (polymerization rate) of 2.57% / hr (average value) and a standard deviation of the polymerization rate (slope) per hour of 0.26%.
- the polymerization conditions of / hr were preserved.
- the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 accesses the polymerization conditions stored in the storage unit 100 and calculates the polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time.
- FIG. 6 shows a chart plotting the polymerization temperature condition for each polymerization time, the polymerization time, and the polymerization rate displayed on a monitor (not shown).
- Example 8 8 parts by weight of LUPEROX 531M80 as a radical polymerization initiator and 0.50 parts by weight of polypropylene glycol, diol type, 2000 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were added to 992 parts by weight of RAV 7MC and stirred and mixed. The product was purified by filtration and cast after degassing under reduced pressure.
- mold shape 1 is ⁇ 81mm, front surface 2 curve, back surface 6curve, center thickness 10mm thick
- mold shape 2 is ⁇ 81mm
- front surface 4curve back surface
- the temperature of the polymerization oven was set based on the temperature condition obtained in Example 7. After the polymerization was completed (polymerization rate: 97.4%), it was cooled to 60 ° C. and the molded body was released from the mold. The lens molded in the mold shape 1 and the mold shape 2 did not generate cracks when cured, and the releasability was good. There was no generation of cracks during mold release. A lens without optical distortion that was very excellent for optical use was obtained.
- Example 9 Temperature conditions under which a slope (polymerization rate) of a polymerization rate of 10% to 80% is 1.83% / hr (average value) and a standard deviation of the polymerization rate (slope) per hour is 0.26% / hr The same processing as in Example 7 was performed, except that FIG. 7 shows a chart plotting the polymerization temperature condition for each polymerization time, the polymerization time, and the polymerization rate displayed on a monitor (not shown).
- Example 9 Polymerization was carried out under the temperature conditions obtained. 8 parts by weight of LUPEROX 531M80 as a radical polymerization initiator and 0.50 parts by weight of polypropylene glycol, diol type, 2000 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were added to 992 parts by weight of RAV 7MC and stirred and mixed. The product was purified by filtration and cast after degassing under reduced pressure.
- mold shape 1 is ⁇ 81mm, front surface 2 curve, back surface 6 curve, center thickness 10mm
- mold shape 2 is ⁇ 81mm, front surface 2 curve, back surface
- Ten specimens each were cast with 6 curves and a thin object with a center thickness of 2 mm.
- the cast mold was placed in a polymerization oven, and polymerization was performed using the prepared polymerization temperature conditions. Polymerization was performed by the optical material manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment. The temperature of the polymerization oven was set based on the temperature condition obtained in Example 8, and the temperature condition was controlled. After the polymerization was completed (polymerization rate: 98.1%), it was cooled to 60 ° C. and the molded body was released from the mold.
- the 10 samples of the lenses molded in the mold shape 1 and the mold shape 2 did not crack when cured, and the releasability was good. There was no generation of cracks during mold release. A lens without optical distortion that was very excellent for optical use was obtained.
- Example 11 Mixture of 2,5-bis (isothiocyanatomethyl) bicyclo- [2.2.1] -heptane and 2,6-bis (isothiocyanatomethyl) bicyclo- [2.2.1] -heptane The mixture was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere while maintaining a temperature of 0 ° C., and 0.33 part by weight of ethylenediamine was added dropwise at a constant rate over 2 hours using a microsyringe. Thereafter, the mixture was further aged at 15 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a reaction solution.
- the calorific value was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter with the sample immediately after the preparation as the zero reaction time.
- the two sample bottles were purged with nitrogen and analyzed with a differential scanning calorimeter at 15 ° C. three times every elapsed time (after 0 hour, 25 hours and 48 hours later), and 50 ° C. every elapsed time. Three times (after 0 hour, after 2 hours and after 5 hours), a calorific value was obtained.
- the residual functional group ratio calculation unit 140 at 15 ° C., the residual functional group ratio of 1.0000 immediately after mixing and stirring, the residual functional group ratio of 0.9356 after 25 hours, and the residual functional group ratio of 0.8723, 50 after 48 hours. At °C, the residual functional group ratio immediately after mixing and stirring was 1.0000, the residual functional group ratio after 2 hours was 0.8918, and the residual functional group ratio after 5 hours was 0.7206.
- the reaction rate coefficient calculation unit 160 uses a second-order reaction rate equation, and the reaction rate coefficient, which is the slope of the regression line, was 0.003 at 15 ° C. and 0.0784 at 50 ° C.
- the storage unit 100 has a polymerization rate of 10% to 80% with a slope (polymerization rate) of 2.43% / hr (average value) and an hourly polymerization rate (slope) with a standard deviation of 0.67% / hr.
- the polymerization conditions were preserved.
- the polymerization temperature calculation unit 180 accesses the polymerization conditions stored in the storage unit 100 and calculates the polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time.
- FIG. 8 shows a chart in which the polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time, the polymerization time, and the polymerization rate are plotted, which are displayed on a monitor (not shown).
- Example 12 Polymerization was carried out under the temperature conditions obtained in Example 11. Mixture of 2,5-bis (isothiocyanatomethyl) bicyclo- [2.2.1] -heptane and 2,6-bis (isothiocyanatomethyl) bicyclo- [2.2.1] -heptane 507.6 parts by weight The mixture was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere while maintaining a temperature of 0 ° C., and 3.30 parts by weight of ethylenediamine was dropped therein at a constant rate over 2 hours using a syringe. Thereafter, it was further aged at 15 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a reaction solution.
- the mold shape was ⁇ 81 mm, the front surface was 2 curves, the back surface was 6 curves, and the center thickness was 15.6 mm.
- Polymerization was performed by the optical material manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment. Based on the temperature conditions obtained in Example 11, the temperature of the polymerization oven was set and the temperature conditions were controlled. After completion of the polymerization (polymerization rate: 96.9%), a cooled polythiourethane resin was obtained from the polymerization oven by cooling. After the internal stress was removed by annealing treatment, the obtained resin was subjected to evaluation of optical distortion with a high-pressure mercury lamp. As a result, 10 out of 10 specimens were very excellent in optical distortion as optical applications. Got.
- Example 1 Temperature conditions under which a slope (polymerization rate) of a polymerization rate of 10% to 80% is 2.65% / hr (average value) and a standard deviation of the polymerization rate (slope) per hour is 2.38% / hr The same processing as in Example 1 was performed, except that FIG. 9 shows a chart plotting the polymerization temperature condition for each polymerization time, the polymerization time, and the polymerization rate displayed on a monitor (not shown).
- Comparative Example 2 Polymerization was carried out under the temperature conditions obtained in Comparative Example 1. 589 parts by weight of an isocyanate composition containing dicyclohexylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanate (manufactured by EVONIC), 15 parts by weight of UV absorber EVERSORB-109, 6.4 parts by weight of TINUVIN-326, dibutyltin dichloride as a catalyst Add 1.8 parts by weight (manufactured by Kyodo Yakuhin Co., Ltd.), add 1.5 parts by weight of internal mold release agent for MR (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals) as internal mold release agent, mix and stir at 15 ° C to 25 ° C to dissolve did.
- an isocyanate composition containing dicyclohexylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanate manufactured by EVONIC
- UV absorber EVERSORB-109 15 parts by weight of UV absorber EVERSORB-109
- TINUVIN-326 6.4 parts by
- This mixed solution was further added with 5,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiaundecane, 4,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-tri 411 parts by weight of a thiol composition containing thiaundecane and 4,8-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiaundecane was added, and the mixture was stirred at 15 to 25 ° C. Thereafter, filtration was performed to purify the mixed solution, and the solution was further deaerated by reducing the pressure with a vacuum pump. Ten samples were prepared by casting this solution into a glass mold.
- the mold shape was ⁇ 81 mm, the front surface was 2 curves, the back surface was 6 curves, and the center thickness was 15.6 mm.
- Polymerization was performed by the optical material manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment. Based on the temperature condition obtained in Comparative Example 1, the temperature of the polymerization oven was set and the temperature condition was controlled. After completion of the polymerization, a cooled and cured resin was obtained. After the internal stress was removed by annealing treatment, the obtained resin was evaluated for optical strain with a high-pressure mercury lamp, and as a result, 10 samples out of 10 samples could not be used for optical applications (strain). There has occurred.
- ZelecUN manufactured by Stepan
- a polythiol composition containing 1,1,3,3-tetrakis (mercaptomethylthio) propane was further added to this mixed solution, and the mixture was stirred at 15 to 25 ° C. Thereafter, filtration was performed to purify the mixed solution, and the solution was further deaerated by reducing the pressure with a vacuum pump.
- This solution was cast into a glass mold to prepare a test specimen.
- the mold shape was ⁇ 81 mm
- the front surface was 2 curves
- the back surface was 2 curves
- the center thickness was 15.0 mm.
- Comparative Example 5 Polymerization was performed under the temperature conditions obtained in Comparative Example 4.
- a radical polymerization initiator 8 parts by weight of LUPEROX 531M80 (manufactured by Arkema Yoshitomi), 0.50 parts by weight of polypropylene glycol, diol type, 2000 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) are added to 992 parts by weight of RAV 7MC (manufactured by ACOMON). , Stirred and mixed. The product was purified by filtration and cast after degassing under reduced pressure.
- mold shape 1 is ⁇ 81mm, front surface 2 curve, back surface 6 curve, center thickness 10mm
- mold shape 2 is ⁇ 81mm, front surface 2 curve, back surface
- Polymerization was performed by the optical material manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment. Based on the temperature condition obtained in Comparative Example 4, the temperature of the polymerization oven was set and the temperature condition was controlled. After the polymerization, the molded body was cooled to 60 ° C. and released from the mold.
- the molded lens had three cracks when cured, and five cracks were obtained as normal cured products when cooled.
- the lens molded in the mold shape 2 has 5 cracks when cured, 2 cracks when cooled, and the product obtained as a cured product also has 3 prereleases. A lens could not be obtained.
- Example 6 Temperature conditions under which a slope (polymerization rate) of a polymerization rate of 10% to 80% is 4.38% / hr (average value) and a standard deviation of the polymerization rate (slope) per hour is 3.20% / hr The same processing as in Example 11 was performed, except that FIG. 11 shows a chart in which the polymerization temperature conditions for each polymerization time, the polymerization time, and the polymerization rate are plotted, which are displayed on a monitor (not shown).
- the mold shape was ⁇ 81 mm, the front surface was 2 curves, the back surface was 6 curves, and the center thickness was 15.6 mm.
- Polymerization was performed by the optical material manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment. Based on the temperature condition obtained in Comparative Example 6, the temperature of the polymerization oven was set and the temperature condition was controlled. After completion of the polymerization, a cooled and cured resin was obtained. After the internal stress was removed by annealing treatment, the obtained resin was evaluated for optical strain with a high-pressure mercury lamp, and as a result, 10 samples out of 10 samples could not be used for optical applications (strain). There has occurred.
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Abstract
Description
このため、例えば、重合速度が上昇した部分は、他よりも分子量が増大し、下方へ沈降または上方へ上昇する。また、モールド内で重合性組成物の対流が発生する場合もある。そして、これらの形跡が残ったまま重合性組成物が硬化すると、プラスチックレンズに光学歪み、あるいは脈理が発生するおそれがある。
[1] 重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加温し、所定の温度で保温した場合における、該重合反応性化合物の加温前の官能基由来の物性値aおよび所定時間保温した後の残存官能基由来の物性値bを取得する、物性取得工程と、
前記物性値aおよび前記物性値bから、残存官能基率を算出する残存官能基率算出工程と、
前記残存官能基率から、反応速度式に基づいて反応速度係数を算出する反応速度係数算出工程と、
前記反応速度係数および下記条件に基づいて重合温度を算出する重合温度算出工程と、
を含む重合条件設定方法。
(条件)
重合率が10%以上80%以下の範囲において、重合速度が0.4%/hr以上15%/hr以下、標準偏差が2.3%/hr以下
[2] 物性値aおよびbは、発熱量、比重、重量平均分子量、数平均分子量、IR測定におけるスペクトル強度、1H-NMRスペクトル強度、または13C-NMRスペクトル強度である、[1]に記載の重合条件設定方法。
[3] 重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を、下記条件で重合する光学材料の製造方法。
(条件)
重合率が10%以上80%以下の範囲において、重合速度が0.4%/hr以上15%/hr以下、標準偏差が2.3%/hr以下
[4] [1]または[2]に記載の方法により得られた重合温度条件で重合する、[3]に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
[5] 前記組成物は、前記重合反応性化合物であるポリイソシアネート化合物および活性水素化合物と、前記重合触媒と、を含む[3]または[4]に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
[6] 前記ポリイソシアネート化合物は、脂肪族ポリイソシアネート、芳香族ポリイソシアネート、複素環ポリイソシアネート、脂環族ポリイソシアネートから選択される少なくとも1種を含む、[5]に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
[7] 前記活性水素化合物が、2以上のメルカプト基を有するポリチオール化合物、1以上のメルカプト基と1以上の水酸基を有するヒドロキシチオール化合物、2以上の水酸基を有するポリオール化合物、およびアミン化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を含む、[5]または[6]に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
[8] 前記組成物は、前記重合反応性化合物であるアリルカーボネート化合物、(メタ)アクリレート化合物またはエピスルフィド化合物から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物と、前記重合開始剤または前記重合触媒と、を含む、[3]または[4]に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
[9] 前記アリルカーボネート化合物が、下記一般式(1)で表される、[8]に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
[10] 前記(メタ)アクリレート化合物が下記一般式(2)で表される、[8]に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
[11] 前記エピスルフィド化合物が、下記一般式(3)で表される、[8]に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
[12] 重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加温し、所定の温度で保温した場合における、該重合反応性化合物の加温前の官能基由来の物性値aおよび所定時間保温した後の残存官能基由来の物性値bを取得する、物性取得部と、
前記物性値aおよび前記物性値bから、残存官能基率を算出する残存官能基率算出部と、
前記残存官能基率から、反応速度式に基づいて反応速度係数を算出する反応速度係数算出部と、
前記反応速度係数および下記条件に基づいて重合温度を算出する重合温度算出部と、
を備える、重合条件設定装置。
(条件)
重合率が10%以上80%以下の範囲において、重合速度が0.4%/hr以上15%/hr以下、標準偏差が2.3%/hr以下
[13] 重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物における、重合条件を設定するためのコンピュータプログラムであって、
コンピュータを
重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加温し、所定の温度で保温した場合における、該重合反応性化合物の加温前の官能基由来の物性値aおよび所定時間保温した後の残存官能基由来の物性値bを取得する、物性取得手段、
前記物性値aおよび前記物性値bから、残存官能基率を算出する残存官能基率算出手段、
前記残存官能基率から、反応速度式に基づいて反応速度係数を算出する反応速度係数算出手段、および
前記反応速度係数および下記条件に基づいて重合温度を算出する重合温度算出手段、
として機能させるための、コンピュータプログラム。
(条件)
重合率が10%以上80%以下の範囲において、重合速度が0.4%/hr以上15%/hr以下、標準偏差が2.3%/hr以下
[14] 重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加熱する加熱部と、
[12]に記載の重合条件設定装置と、
前記重合条件設定装置により得られた重合温度条件に基づいて、重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加熱するように前記加熱部を制御する制御部と、
を備える、光学材料製造装置。
またさらに、本発明によれば、重合温度条件を算出するための重合条件設定装置およびコンピュータプログラム、当該重合条件設定装置を備える光学材料製造装置を提供することもできる。
本実施形態に係る重合条件設定方法は、重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物における、重合温度条件の設定方法である。
物性取得工程S10では、重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加温し、所定の温度で保温した場合における、該重合反応性化合物の加温前の官能基由来の物性値aおよび所定時間保温した後の残存官能基由来の物性値bを取得する。残存官能基率算出工程S20では、物性値aおよび物性値bから、残存官能基率を算出する。反応速度係数算出工程S30では、前記残存官能基率から、反応速度式に基づいて反応速度係数を算出する。重合温度算出工程S40では、前記反応速度係数および下記条件に基づいて重合温度を算出する。
条件:10%以上80%以下の重合率範囲において、重合速度が0.4%/hr以上15%/hr以下、1時間ごとの重合速度の標準偏差が2.3%/hr以下
イソホロンジイソシアネート、ビス(イソシアナトメチル)シクロヘキサン、ビス(イソシアナトシクロヘキシル)メタン、ジシクロヘキシルジメチルメタンイソシアネート、2,5-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタン、2,6-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタン、3,8-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)トリシクロデカン、3,9-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)トリシクロデカン、4,8-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)トリシクロデカン、4,9-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)トリシクロデカン等の脂環族ポリイソシアネート化合物;
トリレンジイソシアネート、4,4'-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、ジフェニルスルフィド-4,4-ジイソシアネート、フェニレンジイソシアネート等の芳香族ポリイソシアネート化合物;
2,5-ジイソシアナトチオフェン、2,5-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)チオフェン、2,5-ジイソシアナトテトラヒドロチオフェン、2,5-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)テトラヒドロチオフェン、3,4-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)テトラヒドロチオフェン、2,5-ジイソシアナト-1,4-ジチアン、2,5-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)-1,4-ジチアン、4,5-ジイソシアナト-1,3-ジチオラン、4,5-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)-1,3-ジチオラン等の複素環ポリイソシアネート化合物;
ヘキサメチレンジイソチオシアネート、リジンジイソチオシアネートメチルエステル、リジントリイソチオシアネート、m-キシリレンジイソチオシアネート、ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)スルフィド、ビス(イソチオシアナトエチル)スルフィド、ビス(イソチオシアナトエチル)ジスルフィド等の脂肪族ポリイソチオシアネート化合物;
イソホロンジイソチオシアネート、ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)シクロヘキサン、ビス(イソチオシアナトシクロヘキシル)メタン、シクロヘキサンジイソチオシアネート、メチルシクロヘキサンジイソチオシアネート、2,5-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタン、2,6-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタン、3,8-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)トリシクロデカン、3,9-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)トリシクロデカン、4,8-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)トリシクロデカン、4,9-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)トリシクロデカン等の脂環族ポリイソチオシアネート化合物;
トリレンジイソチオシアネート、4,4-ジフェニルメタンジイソチオシアネート、ジフェニルジスルフィド-4,4-ジイソチオシアネート等の芳香族ポリイソチオシアネート化合物;
2,5-ジイソチオシアナトチオフェン、2,5-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)チオフェン、2,5-イソチオシアナトテトラヒドロチオフェン、2,5-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)テトラヒドロチオフェン、3,4-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)テトラヒドロチオフェン、2,5-ジイソチオシアナト-1,4-ジチアン、2,5-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)-1,4-ジチアン、4,5-ジイソチオシアナト-1,3-ジチオラン、4,5-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)-1,3-ジチオラン等の含硫複素環ポリイソチオシアネート化合物等を挙げることができる。
ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピル)スルフィド、ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピル)ジスルフィド、ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)メタン、1,2-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)エタン、1,2-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)プロパン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)プロパン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-2-メチルプロパン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)ブタン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-2-メチルブタン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)ブタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)ペンタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-2-メチルペンタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-3-チアペンタン、1,6-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)ヘキサン、1,6-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-2-メチルヘキサン、3,8-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,2,3-トリス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)プロパン、2,2-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-1,3-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-1-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)ブタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-2-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-3-チアペンタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-2,4-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-3-チアペンタン、1-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-2,2-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-4-チアヘキサン、1,5,6-トリス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-4-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-3-チアヘキサン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-4-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-4,5-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-4,4-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-2,5-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-2,4,5-トリス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,1,1-トリス[[2-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)エチル]チオメチル]-2-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)エタン、1,1,2,2-テトラキス[[2-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)エチル]チオメチル]エタン、1,11-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-4,8-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、1,11-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-4,7-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、1,11-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)-5,7-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン等の鎖状脂肪族の2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ化合物;
1,3-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)シクロヘキサン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)シクロヘキサン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)シクロヘキサン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)シクロヘキサン、2,5-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-1,4-ジチアン、2,5-ビス[[2-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)エチル]チオメチル]-1,4-ジチアン、2,5-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)-2,5-ジメチル-1,4-ジチアン等の環状脂肪族の2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ化合物;
1,2-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)ベンゼン、1,2-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオメチル)ベンゼン、ビス[4-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)フェニル]メタン、2,2-ビス[4-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)フェニル]プロパン、ビス[4-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)フェニル]スルフィド、ビス[4-(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)フェニル]スルフォン、4,4'-ビス(2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ)ビフェニル等の芳香族の2,3-エポキシプロピルチオ化合物等を挙げることができる。
ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド、ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピル)ジスルフィド、ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)メタン、1,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)エタン、1,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)プロパン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)プロパン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-2-メチルプロパン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)ブタン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-2-メチルブタン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)ブタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)ペンタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-2-メチルペンタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-3-チアペンタン、1,6-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)ヘキサン、1,6-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-2-メチルヘキサン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,2,3-トリス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)プロパン、2,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-1-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)ブタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-2-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-3-チアペンタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-2,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-3-チアペンタン、1-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-2,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-4-チアヘキサン、1,5,6-トリス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-3-チアヘキサン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-4,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-4,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-2,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-2,4,5-トリス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,1,1-トリス[[2-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)エチル]チオメチル]-2-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)エタン、1,1,2,2-テトラキス[[2-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)エチル]チオメチル]エタン、1,11-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-4,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、1,11-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-4,7-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、1,11-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)-5,7-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン等の鎖状脂肪族の2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ化合物;
1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)シクロヘキサン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)シクロヘキサン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)シクロヘキサン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)シクロヘキサン、2,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-1,4-ジチアン、2,5-ビス[[2-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)エチル]チオメチル]-1,4-ジチアン、2,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)-2,5-ジメチル-1,4-ジチアン等の環状脂肪族の2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ化合物;
1,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)ベンゼン、1,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオメチル)ベンゼン、ビス[4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)フェニル]メタン、2,2-ビス[4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)フェニル]プロパン、ビス[4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)フェニル]スルフィド、ビス[4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)フェニル]スルホン、4,4'-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)ビフェニル等の芳香族の2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ化合物;
ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピル)エーテル、ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)メタン、1,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)エタン、1,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)プロパン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)プロパン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-2-メチルプロパン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)ブタン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-2-メチルブタン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)ブタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)ペンタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-2-メチルペンタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-3-チアペンタン、1,6-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)ヘキサン、1,6-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-2-メチルヘキサン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,2,3-トリス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)プロパン、2,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-1-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)ブタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-2-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-3-チアペンタン、1,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-2,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-3-チアペンタン、1-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-2,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-4-チアヘキサン、1,5,6-トリス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-3-チアヘキサン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-4,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-4,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-2,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-2,4,5-トリス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-3,6-ジチアオクタン、1,1,1-トリス[[2-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)エチル]チオメチル]-2-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)エタン、1,1,2,2-テトラキス[[2-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)エチル]チオメチル]エタン、1,11-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-4,8-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、1,11-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-4,7-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、1,11-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)-5,7-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン等の鎖状脂肪族の2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ化合物;
1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)シクロヘキサン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)シクロヘキサン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)シクロヘキサン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)シクロヘキサン、2,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-1,4-ジチアン、2,5-ビス[[2-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)エチル]チオメチル]-1,4-ジチアン、2,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)-2,5-ジメチル-1,4-ジチアン等の環状脂肪族の2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ化合物;および、
1,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)ベンゼン、1,2-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシメチル)ベンゼン、ビス[4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)フェニル]メタン、2,2-ビス[4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)フェニル]プロパン、ビス[4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)フェニル]スルフィド、ビス[4-(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)フェニル]スルホン、4,4'-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ)ビフェニル等の芳香族の2,3-エピチオプロピルオキシ化合物等が挙げられる。
C1以上C10以下の直鎖または分岐アルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基等が挙げられる。
アリール基としては、フェニル、トリル、キシリル、ビフェニル、ナフチル、アントリル、フェナントリルなどの炭素数6以上18以下のアリール基等が挙げられる。
R1~R7は同一または異なっていてもよく、水素原子またはC1以上C10以下の直鎖または分岐アルキル基が好ましく、いずれも水素原子であることが好ましい。
また、(メタ)アクリレート化合物(B)は、一般式(2-1)、一般式(2-2)で表される化合物を挙げることができる。
ジエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジアクリレート、およびトリエチレングリコールジアクリレートから選択される少なくとも一種であることがより好ましく、
ジエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレートから選択された少なくとも一種が特に好ましい。
アセチレンジオール、プロピンオール、ブチンオール、ペンチンオール、ヘキシンオール、ヘキシンジオール、ヘプチンオール、ヘプチンジオール、オクチンオール、オクチンジオール等のアルキニルアルコール類、および上記アルキニルアルコール類の一部または全部のOH基がNH2基に置換されたアルキニルアミン類などが挙げられる。
ジヒドロキシナフタレン、トリヒドロキシナフタレン、テトラヒドロキシナフタレン、ジヒドロキシベンゼン、ベンゼントリオール、ビフェニルテトラオール、ピロガロール、(ヒドロキシナフチル)ピロガロール、トリヒドロキシフェナントレン、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールF、キシリレングリコール、ジ(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)ベンゼン、ビスフェノールA-ビス-(2-ヒドロキシエチルエーテル)、テトラブロムビスフェノールA、テトラブロムビスフェノールA-ビス-(2-ヒドロキシエチルエーテル)等の芳香族ポリオール;
ジブロモネオペンチルグリコール等のハロゲン化ポリオール;
エポキシ樹脂等の高分子ポリオールが挙げられる。
本実施形態においては、これらから選択される少なくとも1種を組み合わせて用いることができる。
上記ポリオールとエチレンオキサイドやプロピレンオキサイドなどアルキレンオキサイドとの付加反応生成物;
アルキレンポリアミンとエチレンオキサイドや、プロピレンオキサイドなどアルキレンオキサイドとの付加反応生成物;さらには、ビス-[4-(ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]スルフィド、ビス-[4-(2-ヒドロキシプロポキシ)フェニル]スルフィド、ビス-[4-(2,3-ジヒドロキシプロポキシ)フェニル]スルフィド、ビス-[4-(4-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシロキシ)フェニル]スルフィド、ビス-[2-メチル-4-(ヒドロキシエトキシ)-6-ブチルフェニル]スルフィドおよびこれらの化合物に水酸基当たり平均3分子以下のエチレンオキシドおよび/またはプロピレンオキシドが付加された化合物;
ジ-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)スルフィド、1,2-ビス-(2-ヒドロキシエチルメルカプト)エタン、ビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)ジスルフィド、1,4-ジチアン-2,5-ジオール、ビス(2,3-ジヒドロキシプロピル)スルフィド、テトラキス(4-ヒドロキシ-2-チアブチル)メタン、ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)スルホン(ビスフェノールS)、テトラブロモビスフェノールS、テトラメチルビスフェノールS、4,4'-チオビス(6-tert-ブチル-3-メチルフェノール)、1,3-ビス(2-ヒドロキシエチルチオエチル)-シクロヘキサンなどの硫黄原子を含有したポリオール等が挙げられる。本実施形態においては、これらから選択される少なくとも1種を組み合わせて用いることができる。
1,2-ジメルカプトベンゼン、1,3-ジメルカプトベンゼン、1,4-ジメルカプトベンゼン、1,2-ビス(メルカプトメチル)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(メルカプトメチル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(メルカプトメチル)ベンゼン、1,2-ビス(メルカプトエチル)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(メルカプトエチル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(メルカプトエチル)ベンゼン、1,3,5-トリメルカプトベンゼン、1,3,5-トリス(メルカプトメチル)ベンゼン、1,3,5-トリス(メルカプトメチレンオキシ)ベンゼン、1,3,5-トリス(メルカプトエチレンオキシ)ベンゼン、2,5-トルエンジチオール、3,4-トルエンジチオール、1,5-ナフタレンジチオール、2,6-ナフタレンジチオール等の芳香族ポリチオール化合物;
2-メチルアミノ-4,6-ジチオール-sym-トリアジン、3,4-チオフェンジチオール、ビスムチオール、4,6-ビス(メルカプトメチルチオ)-1,3-ジチアン、2-(2,2-ビス(メルカプトメチルチオ)エチル)-1,3-ジチエタン等の複素環ポリチオール化合物等が挙げられる。
ジエチルアミン、ジプロピルアミン、ジ-n-ブチルアミン、ジ-sec-ブチルアミン、ジイソブチルアミン、ジ-n-ペンチルアミン、ジ-3-ペンチルアミン、ジヘキシルアミン、ジオクチルアミン、ジ(2-エチルヘキシル)アミン、メチルヘキシルアミン、ジアリルアミン、N-メチルアリルアミン、ピペリジン、ピロリジン、ジフェニルアミン、N-メチルアミン、N-エチルアミン、ジベンジルアミン、N-メチルベンジルアミン、N-エチルベンジルアミン、ジシクロヘキシルアミン、N-メチルアニリン、N-エチルアニリン、ジナフチルアミン、1-メチルピペラジン、モルホリン等の単官能2級アミン化合物;
N,N'-ジメチルエチレンジアミン、N,N'-ジメチル-1,2-ジアミノプロパン、N,N'-ジメチル-1,3-ジアミノプロパン、N,N'-ジメチル-1,2-ジアミノブタン、N,N'-ジメチル-1,3-ジアミノブタン、N,N'-ジメチル-1,4-ジアミノブタン、N,N'-ジメチル-1,5-ジアミノペンタン、N,N'-ジメチル-1,6-ジアミノヘキサン、N,N'-ジメチル-1,7-ジアミノヘプタン、N,N'-ジエチルエチレンジアミン、N,N'-ジエチル-1,2-ジアミノプロパン、N,N'-ジエチル-1,3-ジアミノプロパン、N,N'-ジエチル-1,2-ジアミノブタン、N,N'-ジエチル-1,3-ジアミノブタン、N,N'-ジエチル-1,4-ジアミノブタン、N,N'-ジエチル-1,5-ジアミノペンタン、N,N'-ジエチル-1,6-ジアミノヘキサン、N,N'-ジエチル-1,7-ジアミノヘプタン、ピペラジン、2-メチルピペラジン、2,5-ジメチルピペラジン、2,6-ジメチルピペラジン、ホモピペラジン、1,1-ジ-(4-ピペリジル)メタン、1,2-ジ-(4-ピペリジル)エタン、1,3-ジ-(4-ピペリジル)プロパン、1,4-ジ-(4-ピペリジル)ブタン、テトラメチルグアニジン等の2級ポリアミン化合物;等が挙げられる。
ヒドロキシチオール化合物としては、たとえば、2-メルカプトエタノール、3-メルカプト-1,2-プロパンジオール、グルセリンジ(メルカプトアセテート)、1-ヒドロキシ-4-メルカプトシクロヘキサン、2,4-ジメルカプトフェノール、2-メルカプトハイドロキノン、4-メルカプトフェノール、3,4-ジメルカプト-2-プロパノール、1,3-ジメルカプト-2-プロパノール、2,3-ジメルカプト-1-プロパノール、1,2-ジメルカプト-1,3-ブタンジオール、ペンタエリスリトールトリス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、ペンタエリスリトールモノ(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、ペンタエリスリトールビス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、ペンタエリスリトールトリス(チオグリコレート)、ペンタエリスリトールペンタキス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、ヒドロキシメチル-トリス(メルカプトエチルチオメチル)メタン、1-ヒドロキシエチルチオ-3-メルカプトエチルチオベンゼン、4-ヒドロキシ-4'-メルカプトジフェニルスルホン、2-(2-メルカプトエチルチオ)エタノール、ジヒドロキシエチルスルフィドモノ(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、ジメルカプトエタンモノ(サルチレート)、ヒドロキシエチルチオメチル-トリス(メルカプトエチルチオ)メタン等が挙げられる。
モノマー成分
(1)ジエチレングリコールビス(アリルカーボネート)
(2)ネオペンチルグリコールビス(アリルカーボネート)
オリゴマー成分
(3)ジエチレングリコール由来の炭化水素(およびエーテル)のみを含むオリゴマー
(4)ネオペンチルグリコール由来の炭化水素のみを含むオリゴマー
(5)ジエチレングリコール由来の炭化水素(およびエーテル)とネオペンチルグリコール由来の炭化水素の両方を含む複合的なオリゴマー
(i) ジエチレングリコールのビス(アリルカーボネート)化合物およびそのオリゴマーとの混合物
ジエチレングリコールビス(アリルカーボネート)は、式(1-1)で定義することができる。
化合物(1-1)は、例えば「化学技術の百科辞典」、Kirk-Othmer 、III 版、第2巻、111~112頁に記載のように、ジエチレングリコールビス(クロロホルメート)をアリルアルコールと反応させることによって製造することができる。ジエチレングリコービス(アリルカーボネート)(式(1-1))とそのオリゴマー(式(1-2))の混合物は、例えば、欧州特許第35,304号明細書に記載されているように、塩基性触媒の存在下にて操作して、ジアリルカーボネートとジエチレングリコールとのエステル交換によって簡便に製造することができる。これらの混合物は通常はオリゴマー約80重量%までを含む。
このビス(アリルカーボネート)化合物は、ジエチレングリコールをジエチレングリコールとネオペンチルグリコールとの混合物で置換したこと以外は、前記の(i) のビス(アリルカーボネート)と同様である。
このポリ(アリルカーボネート)化合物は、例えば、米国特許第4,812,545号に記載されているように、ジエチレングリコールとトリス(ヒドロキシエチル)イソシアヌレートとの混合物のジアリルカーボネートのエステル交換によって得ることができる。
このポリ(アリルカーボネート)化合物は、トリス(ヒドロキシエチル)イソシアヌレートをトリメチロールプロパンで置換したこと以外は、前記の(iii) のポリ(アリルカーボネート)と同様である。
このポリ(アリルカーボネート)化合物は、トリス(ヒドロキシエチル)イソシアヌレートをペンタエリスリトールで置換したこと以外は、前記の(iii) のポリ(アリルカーボネート)化合物と同様である。
このポリ(アリルカーボネート)化合物は、ジエチレングリコールをジエチレングリコールとネオペンチルグリコールの2種のジオールで置換したこと以外は、前記の(v) のポリ(アリルカーボネート)化合物と同様である。
ジエチレングリコールのビス(アリルカーボネート)化合物およびそのオリゴマーとの混合物と、を含むポリ(アリルカーボネート)混合物
(a1)ポリイソ(チオ)シアネート化合物とポリ(チ)オール化合物が重合したポリ(チオ)ウレタン樹脂
本願においてポリ(チオ)ウレタン樹脂とは、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリチオウレタン樹脂およびポリジチオウレタン樹脂を意味する。
(a2)ポリイソシアネート化合物またはポリイソチオシアネート化合物と、ポリアミン化合物が重合したポリ(チオ)ウレア樹脂
本願においてポリ(チオ)ウレア樹脂とは、ポリウレア樹脂およびポリチオウレア樹脂を意味する。
(a3)ポリイソシアネート化合物またはポリイソチオシアネート化合物と、ポリアミン化合物およびポリチオール化合物が重合したポリチオウレタン-ポリウレア樹脂またはポリジチオウレタン-ポリウレア樹脂
(a4)ポリイソシアネート化合物またはポリイソチオシアネート化合物と、ポリオール化合物およびポリチオール化合物が重合したポリチオウレタン-ポリウレタン樹脂またはポリジチオウレタン-ポリウレタン樹脂
(a5)(チオ)エポキシド化合物が重合したポリ(チオ)エポキシド樹脂
(a6)(チオ)エポキシド化合物とポリ(チ)オール化合物が重合したポリ(チオ)エポキシド-ポリ(チ)オール樹脂
(a7)(チオ)エポキシド化合物とポリアミン化合物が重合したポリ(チオ)エポキシド-ポリアミン樹脂
(a8)(チオ)エポキシド化合物と酸無水物が重合したポリ(チオ)エポキシド-酸無水物樹脂
(a9)(メタ)アクリロイル化合物が重合したポリ(メタ)アクリロイル樹脂
(a10)(メタ)アクリロイル化合物とポリ(チ)オール化合物が重合したポリ(メタ)アクロイル-ポリ(チ)オール樹脂
(a11)(メタ)アクリロイル化合物とアルケン化合物が重合したポリ(メタ)アクリロイル-ポリアルケン樹脂
(a12)(メタ)アクリロイル化合物とアルキン化合物が重合したポリ(メタ)アクリロイル-ポリアルキン樹脂
(a13)(メタ)アクリロイル化合物とポリアミン化合物が重合したポリ(メタ)アクロイル-ポリアミン樹脂
(a14)(メタ)アクリレート化合物が重合したポリ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂
(a15)アリルカーボネート化合物が重合したポリアリルカーボネート樹脂
(a16)(メタ)アクリレート化合物とアリルカーボネート化合物が重合したポリ(メタ)アクリレート-アリルカーボネート樹脂
(a17)アルケン化合物が重合したポリアルケン樹脂
(a18)アルケン化合物とポリ(チ)オール化合物が重合したポリアルケン-ポリ(チ)オール樹脂
(a19)アルケン化合物とポリアミン化合物が重合したポリアルケン-ポリアミン樹脂
(a20)アルキン化合物が重合したポリアルキン樹脂
(a21)アルキン化合物とポリ(チ)オール化合物が重合したポリアルキン-ポリ(チ)オール樹脂
(a22)アルキン化合物とポリアミン化合物が重合したポリアルキン-ポリアミン樹脂
(a23)アルキン化合物とアルケン化合物が重合したポリアルキン-ポリアルケン樹脂
(a24)オキセタニル化合物が重合したポリオキセタニル樹脂
(a25)オキセタニル化合物とポリ(チ)オール化合物が重合したポリオキセタニル-ポリ(チ)オール樹脂
(a26)オキセタニル化合物とポリアミン化合物が重合したポリオキセタニル-ポリアミン樹脂
(a27)オキセタニル化合物と酸無水物が重合したポリオキセタニル-酸無水物樹脂
(a28)チエタニル化合物とポリ(チ)オール化合物が重合したポリチエタニル-ポリ(チ)オール樹脂
(a29)チエタニル化合物とポリアミン化合物が重合したポリチエタニル-ポリアミン樹脂
(a30)チエタニル化合物と酸無水物が重合したポリチエタニル-酸無水物樹脂
(a31)(a1)~(a30)から選ばれた2種以上が共重合した混合樹脂
本実施形態に用いられる重合性組成物には、上記重合反応性化合物およびポリエーテル変性化合物、エステル化合物、またはエーテル化合物等の上記改質剤以外の成分が含まれていてもよい。
例えば、単官能のイソ(チオ)シアネート化合物、単官能の(チオ)エポキシ化合物、単官能のオキセタニル化合物、単官能のチエタニル化合物、メタクリロイルオキシ基、アクリロイルオキシ基、メタクリロイルチオ基、アクリロイルチオ基、メタクリルアミド基、またはアクリルアミド基から任意に選ばれた官能基を1個有する単官能の(メタ)アクリロイル化合物、メタクリロイルオキシ基、アクリロイルオキシ基、メタクリロイルチオ基、アクリロイルチオ基、メタクリルアミド基、またはアクリルアミド基以外の重合性炭素炭素2重結合を1個有する単官能のアルケン化合物、溶剤として使用されたアルコール以外の単官能のアルコール化合物、単官能のチオール化合物、アミノ基、第二アミノ基から任意に選ばれた1個の官能基有する単官能のアミン化合物、カルボキシル基を1個有する単官能のカルボン酸化合物、溶剤、および水分などが挙げられる。
重合触媒として用いられる金属化合物としては、ジメチル錫クロライド、ジブチル錫クロライド、ジブチル錫ラウレート等を挙げることができる。
用いられる熱重合開始剤としては、例えば、メチルイソブチルケトンパーオキサイド、シクロヘキサノンパーオキサイド等のケトンパーオキサイド化合物;
イソブチリルパーオキサイド、o-クロロベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド等のジアシルパーオキサイド化合物;
トリス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)トリアジン、t-ヌチルクミルパーオキサイド等のジアルキルパーオキサイド化合物;
1,1-ジ(t-ヘキシルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン、2,2-ビス(4,4-ジ-t-ブチルパーオキシシクロヘキシル)プロパン、2,2-ジ(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ブタン、1,1-ジ(t-アミルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン等のパーオキシケタール化合物;
α-クミルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシピバレート、2,4,4-トリメチルペンニルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシ-3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサノエート、t-アミルパーオキシネオデカノエート等のアルキルパ-オキシエステル化合物;
ジ-3-メトキシブチルパーオキシジカーボネート、ビス(4-t-ブチルシクロヘキシル)パーオキシジカーボネート、t-ブチルパーオキシイソプロピルカーボネート、ジエチレングリコールビス(t-ブチルパーオキシカーボネート)等のパーオキシカーボネート化合物等が挙げられる。
組成物(1):重合反応性化合物としてポリイソシアネート化合物および活性水素化合物と、前記重合触媒と、を含む組成物。
組成物(2):重合反応性化合物としてアリルカーボネート化合物、(メタ)アクリレート化合物またはエピスルフィド化合物から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物と、前記重合開始剤または前記重合触媒と、を含む組成物。
内部離型剤としては、酸性リン酸エステルを用いることができる。酸性リン酸エステルとしては、リン酸モノエステル、リン酸ジエステルを挙げることができ、それぞれ単独または2種類以上混合して使用することできる。
内部離型剤として用いる酸性リン酸エステルは、一般式(a)で表すことができる。
上記一般式(a)において、yは0または1が好ましい。
yが0の場合、R27は、炭素数4~12の直鎖または分岐鎖アルキル基が好ましく、炭素数4~12の直鎖アルキル基がさらに好ましい。
yが1の場合、R27は、炭素数1~20の直鎖または分岐鎖アルキル基が好ましく、炭素数3~12の直鎖または分岐鎖アルキル基が好ましい。
酸性リン酸エステルは、これらから選択される一種または二種以上の混合物として用いることができる。
図2は、本実施形態に係る重合条件設定装置10の構成を示すブロック図である。本実施形態に係る設定装置10は、上述の組成物における重合条件を算出する設定装置である。
設定装置10は、物性取得部120、残存官能基率算出部140、反応速度係数算出部160、および重合温度算出部180を備える。
条件:重合率が10%以上80%以下の範囲において、重合速度が0.4%/hr以上15%/hr以下、標準偏差が2.3%/hr以下
以下に詳しく説明する。
重合反応性化合物を加温する温度は、当該重合反応性化合物が重合する温度によって異なるが、例えば5℃以上140℃以下の範囲から1以上選択することができる。保温時間は、保温温度によって異なり、重合が完結しなければ特に限定されない。
記憶されている物性値は、発熱量、比重、重量平均分子量、数平均分子量、IR測定におけるスペクトル強度、1H-NMRスペクトル強度、または13C-NMRスペクトル強度である。
残存官能基率は、以下の式1で表すことができる。
X0(J/g):調合直後(重合前)の調合液のDSC熱分析による測定熱量
Xt(J/g):特定の温度でt時間保温した後の調合液の熱量
本実施形態において、X0は物性値aに相当し、Xtは物性値bに相当する。
式2:残存官能基率=[1-[(特定の温度でt時間保温した後に測定した比重-調合直後(加温前)の調合液比重)/Δd]]
Δd(残存官能基1%減少毎の比重増加量)=[(硬化した樹脂比重-調合直後液比重)/100
本実施形態において、調合直後(加温前)の調合液比重は物性値aに相当し、特定の温度でt時間保温した後に測定した比重は物性値bに相当する。
反応速度式としては、例えばn次反応速度式(nは0以上)、Prout-Tompkinsの速度式、Bawnの速度式、Leeson-Mattocksの速度式などがあげられる。反応速度係数算出部160は、重合性組成物や反応の次数に基づき、最適な式を選択することができる。
k:n次反応速度係数(nは0以上の実数)
t:保温時間
f(残存官能基率)は残存官能基率の関数でnの値により決まる。
具体的には、反応速度係数算出部160は、縦軸をLn(k)、横軸を絶対温度の逆数としたグラフにおいて、得られた反応速度係数をもとにLn(k)を求め、当該表にプロットしてアレニウスプロットを作成する。アレニウスプロットにより回帰直線と下記式4の回帰直線式を得る。
式4:y=ax+b(回帰直線)
y=Ln(k)
a=(-Ea/R)
x=(1/T)
b=Ln(頻度因子)
Ea:活性化エネルギー(J・mol-1K-1)
R:気体係数(8.3145J・mol-1)
T:絶対温度
A:頻度因子
反応速度係数算出部160は、さらに下記式6を得て、上記式5および式6を用いることにより、重合温度として用いる温度における反応速度係数を算出する。
式6:k=EXP(y)
式7:重合率(%)=(1-残存官能基率)×100
(重合条件)
10%以上80%以下の重合率において重合速度が0.4%/hr以上15%/hr以下、1時間ごとの重合速度(傾き)の標準偏差が2.3%/hr以下
重合温度算出部180は、反応速度係数算出部160から重合率も取得しており、重合温度算出部180は、重合時間毎の重合温度条件および重合率を送信し、記憶部100に保存する。
本実施形態の光学材料製造装置は、具体的には、
重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加熱する加熱部と、
本実施形態の重合条件設定装置10と、
重合条件設定装置10により得られた重合温度条件に基づいて、重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加熱するように前記加熱部を制御する制御部と、
を備える。
制御部は、加熱炉と一体または別に設置されていてもよく、熱量(例えば、オーブン内温度分布測定、モールド型外表面温度、モールド型内表面温度、組成物が硬化するまでの重合工程の温度)を測定する手段、そのモニターを備えていてもよい。さらに、制御部は、重合条件設定装置10の記憶部100にアクセスすることができ、さらに加熱部の温度をモニターすることができるように構成されている。
制御部は、重合開始後、重合組成物の温度を監視し、当該温度を記憶部100から得られた重合時間毎の重合温度条件と照合し、重合温度条件に基づき加熱部を制御する。
本実施形態の光学材料製造装置は、本実施形態の重合条件設定方法を好適に実施することができる。
・アリルカーボネート組成物1:RAV 7MC(ジエチレングリコール、ネオペンチルグリコールおよびペンタエリスリトールのポリ(アリルカーボネート)化合物およびそのオリゴマー、ACOMON社製)
<紫外線吸収剤>
・EVERSORB109:Everlight Chemical Industrial Corp.製、ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤
・TINUVIN-326:BASF社製、ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤
・VIOSORB-583:共同薬品社製、ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤
<ラジカル重合開始剤>
・LUPEROX 531M80:アルケマ吉富社製、パーオキシケタール系ラジカル重合開始剤
<その他添加剤>
・添加剤1:ポリプロピレングリコール、ジオール型、2000(和光純薬工業製)
ジシクロヘキシルメタン 4,4‘-ジイソシアネートを含むイソシアネート組成物(EVONIC社製)を58.9重量部に紫外線吸収剤EVERSORB109を1.5重量部、TINUVIN-326を0.64重量部、触媒であるジブチル錫ジクロライド0.18重量部を加え、内部離型剤としてMR用内部離型剤(三井化学社製)0.15重量部を加え、すばやく攪拌し溶解した。さらに5,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,8-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカンを含むチオール組成物41.1重量部を加え、15℃ですばやく混合攪拌した。攪拌した該溶液0.5g程度をサンプル瓶に2検体(2点の試験温度分)の入れ真空ポンプによりすばやく減圧脱気した。減圧から大気圧に戻した。この調合直後のサンプルを反応時間ゼロ時間目として示差走査熱量計を用いて発熱量を測定した。該2検体のサンプル瓶は窒素置換を施し、示差走査熱量計による分析を、30℃は経過時間毎に3回(0時間後、3時間後、25時間後)、70℃は経過時間毎に2回(0時間後、3時間後)行い発熱量を得た。
30℃0時間経過後の発熱量:203.3(J/g)
30℃3時間経過後の発熱量:193.3(J/g)
30℃25時間経過後の発熱量:142.3(J/g)
70℃0時間経過後の発熱量:203.3(J/g)
70℃3時間経過後の発熱量:134.1(J/g)
上記の発熱量を記憶部100に直接入力して保存し、本実施形態の重合条件設定装置10により、重合温度条件を算出した。
残存官能基率算出部140において、30℃では、混合攪拌直後の残存官能基率1.0000、3時間後の残存官能基率0.9498、25時間後の残存官能基率0.7000、70℃では、混合攪拌直後の残存官能基率1.0000、3時間後の残存官能基率0.6596の結果を得た。
反応速度係数算出部160は二次反応速度式を用い、回帰直線の傾きである反応速度係数は、30℃では0.017、70℃では0.172であった。
記憶部100には、重合率10%から80%の傾き(重合速度)が2.70%/hr(平均値)、1時間ごとの重合速度(傾き)の標準偏差が0.69%/hrである重合条件が保存された。重合温度算出部180は、記憶部100に保存された重合条件にアクセスし、重合時間毎の重合温度条件を算出した。図3に、図示しないモニターに表示された、重合時間毎の重合温度条件と、重合時間と、重合率とをプロットしたチャートを示す。
実施例1で得られた温度条件で重合を行った。
原料であるジシクロヘキシルメタン 4,4‘-ジイソシアネートを主成分とする異性体含む組成物(EVONIC社製)を589重量部に紫外線吸収剤EVERSORB109を15重量部、TINUVIN-326を6.4重量部、触媒であるジブチル錫ジクロライド1.8重量部を加え、内部離型剤としてMR用内部離型剤(三井化学社製)1.5重量部を加え、15℃~25℃で混合攪拌し溶解した。この混合液にさらに5,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,8-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカンを含む組成物411重量部を加え、15℃~25℃で混合攪拌した。その後、該混合液を精製するためにろ過を行い、さらに該溶液を真空ポンプにより減圧し脱気した。この溶液をガラスモールドへ注型して10検体を作成した。モールド形状はΦ81mm、フロント面2カーブ、バック面6カーブ、中心厚15.6mmの厚物で実施した。
本実施形態の光学材料製造装置により重合を行った。実施例1で得られた温度条件に基づいて重合オーブンの温度を設定し、温度条件を制御した。重合が終了した後(重合率:96.4%)、冷却し重合オーブンから硬化したポリチオウレタン樹脂を得た。得られた樹脂はアニール処理により内部応力を除去したのちに光学ひずみの評価を高圧水銀灯により実施し、その結果10試験体中のうち10試験体で光学用途として非常に優れた光学ひずみがないレンズを得た。
m-キシリレンジイソシアネートを50.6重量部に紫外線吸収剤VIOSORB-583を1.5重量部、ジブチル錫ジクロライド0.008重量部を添加し、内部離型剤としてMR用内部離型剤(三井化学社製)を0.18重量部加え15℃で混合攪拌し溶解した。この混合液にさらに5,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,8-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカンを含む組成物を49.4重量部を加え15℃ですばやく混合攪拌した。攪拌した該溶液0.5g程度をサンプル瓶に2検体(2点の試験温度分)の入れ真空ポンプによりすばやく減圧脱気した。減圧から大気圧に戻した。この調合直後のサンプルを反応時間ゼロ時間目として示差走査熱量計を用いて発熱量を測定した。該2検体のサンプル瓶は窒素置換を施し、示差走査熱量計による分析を、30℃で5回(0時間後、1時間後、4時間後、24時間後、48時間後)、70℃で2回(0時間後、3時間後)行い発熱量を得た。
30℃0時間経過後の発熱量:279.3(J/g)
30℃1時間経過後の発熱量:278.2(J/g)
30℃4時間経過後の発熱量:229.3(J/g)
30℃24時間経過後の発熱量:94.0(J/g)
30℃48時間経過後の発熱量:63.9(J/g)
70℃0時間経過後の発熱量:279.3(J/g)
70℃3時間経過後の発熱量:93.2(J/g)
上記の発熱量を記憶部100に直接入力して保存し、本実施形態の重合条件設定装置10により、重合温度条件を算出した。
残存官能基率算出部140において、30℃では、混合攪拌直後の残存官能基率1.0000、1時間後の残存官能基率0.9961、4時間後の残存官能基率0.8210、24時間後の残存官能基率0.3366、48時間後の残存官能基率0.2288の結果を得た。70℃では、混合攪拌直後の残存官能基率1.0000、3時間後の残存官能基率0.3337の結果を得た。
反応速度係数算出部160は二次反応速度式を用い、回帰直線の傾きである反応速度係数は、30℃では0.0784、70℃では0.6656であった。
記憶部100には、重合率10%から80%の傾き(重合速度)が5.85%/hr(平均値)で、且つ1時間ごとの重合速度(傾き)の標準偏差が0.78%/hrである重合条件が保存された。重合温度算出部180は、記憶部100に保存された重合条件にアクセスし、重合時間毎の重合温度条件を算出した。図4に、図示しないモニターに表示された、重合時間毎の重合温度条件と、重合時間と、重合率とをプロットしたチャートを示す。
実施例3で得られた温度条件で重合を行った。
m-キシリレンジイソシアネートを506重量部に紫外線吸収剤VIOSORB-583を15重量部、ジブチル錫ジクロライド0.08重量部を添加し、内部離型剤としてMR用内部離型剤(三井化学社製)を1.8重量部加え15℃~25℃で混合攪拌し溶解した。この混合液にさらに5,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,8-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカンを含む組成物を494重量部を加え15℃~25℃で混合攪拌した。その後、該混合液を精製するためにろ過を行い、さらに該溶液を真空ポンプにより減圧し脱気した。この溶液をガラスモールドへ注型して10検体を作成した。モールド形状はΦ81mm、フロント面4カーブ、バック面4カーブ、中心厚2.5mmの形状の薄物で実施した。
本実施形態の光学材料製造装置により重合を行った。実施例3で得られた温度条件に基づいて重合オーブンの温度を設定し、温度条件を制御した。重合が終了した後(重合率:97.0%)、冷却し重合オーブンから硬化した樹脂を得た。得られた樹脂はアニール処理により内部応力を除去したのちに光学ひずみの評価を高圧水銀灯により実施し、10検体中、10検体で光学用途として非常に優れた光学ひずみがないレンズを得た。
重合率10%から80%の傾き(重合速度)が3.65%/hr(平均値)で、且つ1時間ごとの重合速度(傾き)の標準偏差が0.56%/hrである温度条件を作成した以外は実施例3と同様の処理を行った。図5に、図示しないモニターに表示された、重合時間毎の重合温度条件と、重合時間と、重合率とをプロットしたチャートを示す。
実施例5で得られた温度条件で重合を行った。
m-キシリレンジイソシアネートを506重量部に紫外線吸収剤VIOSORB-583を15重量部、ジブチル錫ジクロライド0.08重量部を加え、内部離型剤としてMR用内部離型剤(三井化学社製)1.8重量部を加え15℃~25℃で混合攪拌し溶解した。この混合液にさらに5,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,8-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカンを含む組成物を494重量部加え15℃~25℃で混合攪拌した。その後、該混合液を精製するためにろ過を行い、さらに該溶液を真空ポンプにより減圧し脱気した。この溶液をガラスモールドへ注型して10検体を作成した。モールド形状はΦ80mm、フロント面2カーブ、バック面6カーブ、中心厚15.6mmの厚物で実施した。
本実施形態の光学材料製造装置により重合を行った。実施例5で得られた温度条件に基づいて重合オーブンの温度を設定し、温度条件を制御した。重合が終了した後(重合率:97.1%)、冷却し重合オーブンから硬化した樹脂を得た。得られた樹脂はアニール処理により内部応力を除去したのちに光学ひずみの評価を高圧水銀灯により実施し、10検体中、10検体で光学用途として非常に優れた光学ひずみがないレンズを得た。
RAV 7MC 99.2重量部にラジカル重合開始剤としてLUPEROX 531M80を0.8重量部、ポリプロピレングリコール、ジオール型、2000(和光純薬工業製)を0.05重量部添加し、すばやく攪拌混合した。攪拌した該溶液0.5g程度をサンプル瓶に2検体(2点の試験温度分)の入れ真空ポンプによりすばやく減圧脱気した。減圧から窒素を用いて大気圧に戻した。この調合直後のサンプルを反応時間ゼロ時間目として示差走査熱量計を用いて発熱量を測定した。該2検体のサンプル瓶は窒素置換を施し、示差走査熱量計による分析を80℃で4回(0時間後、5時間後、30時間後、35時間後)、100℃で3回(0時間後、2時間後、5時間後)行い発熱量を得た。
80℃0時間経過後の発熱量:358.6(J/g)
80℃5時間経過後の発熱量:324.0(J/g)
80℃30時間経過後の発熱量:198.6(J/g)
80℃35時間経過後の発熱量:183.2(J/g)
100℃0時間経過後の発熱量:358.6(J/g)
100℃2時間経過後の発熱量:221.1(J/g)
100℃5時間経過後の発熱量:174.1(J/g)
上記の発熱量を記憶部100に直接入力して保存し、本実施形態の重合条件設定装置10により、重合温度条件を算出した。
残存官能基率算出部140において、80℃では、混合攪拌直後の残存官能基率1.0000、5時間後の残存官能基率0.9035、30時間後の残存官能基率0.5537、35時間後の残存官能基率0.5100の結果を得た。100℃では、混合攪拌直後の残存官能基率1.0000、2時間後の残存官能基率0.6166、5時間後の残存官能基率0.4854の結果を得た。
反応速度係数算出部160は一次反応速度式を用い、回帰直線の傾きである反応速度係数は、80℃では0.0194、100℃では0.158であった。
記憶部100には、重合率10%から80%の傾き(重合速度)が2.57%/hr(平均値)で、且つ1時間ごとの重合速度(傾き)の標準偏差が0.26%/hrである重合条件が保存された。重合温度算出部180は、記憶部100に保存された重合条件にアクセスし、重合時間毎の重合温度条件を算出した。図6に、図示しないモニターに表示された、重合時間毎の重合温度条件と、重合時間と、重合率とをプロットしたチャートを示す。
RAV 7MC 992重量部にラジカル重合開始剤としてLUPEROX 531M80を8重量部、ポリプロピレングリコール、ジオール型、2000(和光純薬工業製)を0.50重量部添加し、攪拌混合した。濾過精製を行い、減圧による脱気後、注型した。使用した注型したモールド形状としては2種類で、モールド形状1はΦ81mm、フロント面2カーブ、バック面6カーブ、中心厚10mmの厚物と、モールド形状2はΦ81mm、フロント面4カーブ、バック面4カーブ、中心厚2mmの薄物で、それぞれ10検体ずつ注型した。実施例7で得られた温度条件に基づいて重合オーブンの温度を設定した。重合が終了した後(重合率:97.4%)、60℃まで冷却しモールドから成型体を離型した。モールド形状1およびモールド形状2において成型したレンズは硬化時にクラックは発生せず、離型性は良好であった。離型時にクラックの発生もなかった。光学用途として非常に優れた光学ひずみがないレンズを得た。
重合率10%から80%の傾き(重合速度)が1.83%/hr(平均値)で、且つ1時間ごとの重合速度(傾き)の標準偏差が0.26%/hrである温度条件を作成した以外は実施例7と同様の処理を行った。図7に、図示しないモニターに表示された、重合時間毎の重合温度条件と、重合時間と、重合率とをプロットしたチャートを示す。
実施例9得られた温度条件で重合を行った。
RAV 7MC 992重量部にラジカル重合開始剤としてLUPEROX 531M80を8重量部、ポリプロピレングリコール、ジオール型、2000(和光純薬工業製)を0.50重量部添加し、攪拌混合した。濾過精製を行い、減圧による脱気後、注型した。使用した注型したモールド形状としては2種類で、モールド形状1はΦ81mm、フロント面2カーブ、バック面6カーブ、中心厚10mmの厚物と、モールド形状2はΦ81mm、フロント面2カーブ、バック面6カーブ、中心厚2mmの薄物で、それぞれ10検体ずつ注型した。注型したモールドは重合オーブンに入れ、作成した重合温度条件を用いて重合を実施した。
本実施形態の光学材料製造装置により重合を行った。実施例8で得られた温度条件に基づいて重合オーブンの温度を設定し、温度条件を制御した。重合が終了した後(重合率:98.1%)、60℃まで冷却しモールドから成型体を離型した。モールド形状1およびモールド形状2において成型したそれぞれ10検体のレンズは硬化時にクラックは発生せず、離型性は良好であった。離型時にクラックの発生もなかった。光学用途として非常に優れた光学ひずみがないレンズを得た。
2,5-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタン及び2,6-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタンの混合物 50.76重量部を15℃の温度を維持しながら窒素雰囲気下で攪拌し、その中にエチレンジアミン 0.33重量部を、マイクロシリンジを用い2時間かけて等速滴下した。その後、15℃でさらに1時間熟成して反応液を得た。該反応液にジブチル錫ジクロライド0.05重量部を加え、内部離型剤としてMR用内部離型剤(三井化学社製)0.23重量部を加え攪拌し溶解した。さらに4-メルカプトメチル-1,8-ジメルカプト-3,6-ジチアオクタン 41.54重量部を加えて、15℃ですばやく混合攪拌した。攪拌した該溶液0.5g程度をサンプル瓶に2検体(2点の試験温度分)の入れ真空ポンプによりすばやく減圧脱気した。減圧から大気圧に戻した。この調合直後のサンプルを反応時間ゼロ時間目として示差走査熱量計を用いて発熱量を測定した。該2検体のサンプル瓶は窒素置換を施し、示差走査熱量計による分析を、15℃は経過時間毎に3回(0時間後、25時間後、48時間後)、50℃は経過時間毎に3回(0時間後、2時間後、5時間後)行い発熱量を得た。
15℃0時間経過後の発熱量:365.64(J/g)
15℃25時間経過後の発熱量:342.09(J/g)
15℃48時間経過後の発熱量:318.93(J/g)
50℃0時間経過後の発熱量:365.64(J/g)
50℃2時間経過後の発熱量:326.06(J/g)
50℃5時間経過後の発熱量:263.49(J/g)
上記の発熱量を記憶部100に直接入力して保存し、本実施形態の重合条件設定装置10により、重合温度条件を算出した。
残存官能基率算出部140において、15℃では、混合攪拌直後の残存官能基率1.0000、25時間後の残存官能基率0.9356、48時間後の残存官能基率0.8723、50℃では、混合攪拌直後の残存官能基率1.0000、2時間後の残存官能基率0.8918、5時間後の残存官能基率は0.7206の結果を得た。
反応速度係数算出部160は二次反応速度式を用い、回帰直線の傾きである反応速度係数は、15℃では0.003、50℃では0.0784であった。
記憶部100には、重合率10%から80%の傾き(重合速度)が2.43%/hr(平均値)、1時間ごとの重合速度(傾き)の標準偏差が0.67%/hrである重合条件が保存された。重合温度算出部180は、記憶部100に保存された重合条件にアクセスし、重合時間毎の重合温度条件を算出した。図8に、図示しないモニターに表示された、重合時間毎の重合温度条件と、重合時間と、重合率とをプロットしたチャートを示す。
実施例11で得られた温度条件で重合を行った。
2,5-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタン及び2,6-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタンの混合物 507.6重量部を15℃の温度を維持しながら窒素雰囲気下で攪拌し、その中にエチレンジアミン 3.30重量部を、シリンジを用い2時間かけて等速滴下した。その後さらに15℃で1時間熟成して反応液を得た。該反応液にジブチル錫ジクロライド0.50重量部を加え、内部離型剤としてMR用内部離型剤(三井化学社製)2.30重量部を加え攪拌し溶解した。
この混合液にさらに4-メルカプトメチル-1,8-ジメルカプト-3,6-ジチアオクタン 415.4重量部を加えて、15℃で混合攪拌した。
その後、該混合液を精製するためにろ過を行い、さらに該溶液を真空ポンプにより減圧し脱気した。この溶液をガラスモールドへ注型して10検体を作成した。モールド形状はΦ81mm、フロント面2カーブ、バック面6カーブ、中心厚15.6mmの厚物で実施した。
本実施形態の光学材料製造装置により重合を行った。実施例11で得られた温度条件に基づいて重合オーブンの温度を設定し、温度条件を制御した。重合が終了した後(重合率:96.9%)、冷却し重合オーブンから硬化したポリチオウレタン樹脂を得た。得られた樹脂はアニール処理により内部応力を除去したのちに光学ひずみの評価を高圧水銀灯により実施し、その結果10試験体中のうち10試験体で光学用途として非常に優れた光学ひずみがないレンズを得た。
重合率10%から80%の傾き(重合速度)が2.65%/hr(平均値)で、且つ1時間ごとの重合速度(傾き)の標準偏差が2.38%/hrである温度条件を作成した以外は実施例1と同様の処理を行った。図9に、図示しないモニターに表示された、重合時間毎の重合温度条件と、重合時間と、重合率とをプロットしたチャートを示す。
比較例1で得られた温度条件で重合を行った。
ジシクロヘキシルメタン 4,4‘-ジイソシアネートを含むイソシアネート組成物(EVONIC社製)を589重量部に紫外線吸収剤EVERSORB-109を15重量部、TINUVIN-326を6.4重量部、触媒であるジブチル錫ジクロライド(共同薬品社製)1.8重量部を加え、内部離型剤としてMR用内部離型剤(三井化学社製)1.5重量部を加えて、15℃~25℃で混合攪拌し溶解した。この混合液にさらに5,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,8-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカンを含むチオール組成物411重量部を加え、15℃~25℃で混合攪拌した。その後、該混合液を精製するためにろ過を行い、さらに該溶液を真空ポンプにより減圧し脱気した。この溶液をガラスモールドへ注型して10検体を作成した。モールド形状はΦ81mm、フロント面2カーブ、バック面6カーブ、中心厚15.6mmの厚物で実施した。
本実施形態の光学材料製造装置により重合を行った。比較例1で得られた温度条件に基づいて重合オーブンの温度を設定し、温度条件を制御した。重合終了の後に冷却し硬化した樹脂を得た。得られた樹脂はアニール処理により内部応力を除去したのちに光学ひずみの評価を高圧水銀灯により実施し、その結果10検体中、10検体で光学用途としては使用することができない光学ひずみ(脈理)が発生した。
m-キシリレンジイソシアネートを19.6重量部と2,5-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタン、2,6-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタンを含むイソシアネート組成物を29.7重量部、紫外線吸収剤としてSeesorb-701(シプロ化成工業社製)0.05重量部、ジブチル錫ジクロライド(共同薬品社製)0.01重量部、内部離型剤としてZelecUN(Stepan社製)0.1重量部を加えて混合攪拌し溶解した。この混合液にさらに1,1,3,3-テトラキス(メルカプトメチルチオ)プロパンを含むポリチオール組成物を50.7重量部加え、15℃~25℃で混合攪拌した。その後、該混合液を精製するためにろ過を行い、さらに該溶液を真空ポンプにより減圧し脱気した。この溶液をガラスモールドへ注型して試験体を作成した。モールド形状はΦ81mm、フロント面2カーブ、バック面2カーブ、中心厚15.0mmの厚物で実施した。
重合率10%から55%の傾き(重合速度)が1.99%/hr(平均値)で、且つ1時間ごとの重合速度(傾き)の標準偏差が0.89%/hrである温度条件を作成した以外は実施例1と同様の処理を行った。
本実施形態の光学材料製造装置により重合を行った。重合ののち、60℃まで冷却して樹脂を得たところ、十分に硬化されておらず、軟らかさがあり、レンズとしては使用できなかった。
重合率10%から80%の傾き(重合速度)が5.57%/hr(平均値)で、且つ1時間ごとの重合速度(傾き)の標準偏差が2.32%/hrである温度条件を作成した以外は実施例7と同様の処理を行った。図10に、図示しないモニターに表示された、重合時間毎の重合温度条件と、重合時間と、重合率とをプロットしたチャートを示す。
比較例4で得られた温度条件で重合を行った。
RAV 7MC(ACOMON社製)992重量部にラジカル重合開始剤としてLUPEROX 531M80(アルケマ吉富社製)8重量部、ポリプロピレングリコール、ジオール型、2000(和光純薬工業製)を0.50重量部添加し、攪拌混合した。濾過精製を行い、減圧による脱気後、注型した。使用した注型したモールド形状としては2種類で、モールド形状1はΦ81mm、フロント面2カーブ、バック面6カーブ、中心厚10mmの厚物と、モールド形状2はΦ81mm、フロント面2カーブ、バック面6カーブ、中心厚2mmの薄物で、それぞれ10検体ずつ注型した。
本実施形態の光学材料製造装置により重合を行った。比較例4で得られた温度条件に基づいて重合オーブンの温度を設定し、温度条件を制御した。重合の後、60℃まで冷却しモールドから成型体を離型した。
モールド形状1においては成型したレンズは硬化時にクラックが3枚で発生し、冷却時にクラックが5枚は正常な硬化物として2枚得られた。
モールド形状2において成型したレンズは硬化時にクラックが5枚で発生し、冷却時にクラックが2枚発生し、硬化物として得られたものもプレリリースが3枚で発生していたため正常な光学用途のレンズが得られなかった。
重合率10%から80%の傾き(重合速度)が4.38%/hr(平均値)で、且つ1時間ごとの重合速度(傾き)の標準偏差が3.20%/hrである温度条件を作成した以外は実施例11と同様の処理を行った。図11に、図示しないモニターに表示された、重合時間毎の重合温度条件と、重合時間と、重合率とをプロットしたチャートを示す。
比較例6で得られた温度条件で重合を行った。
2,5-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタン及び2,6-ビス(イソチオシアナトメチル)ビシクロ-[2.2.1]-ヘプタンの混合物 507.6重量部を15℃の温度を維持しながら窒素雰囲気下で攪拌し、その中にエチレンジアミン 3.30重量部を、シリンジを用い2時間かけて等速滴下した。その後、さらに15℃で1時間熟成して反応液を得た。該溶液にジブチル錫ジクロライド0.50重量部を加え、内部離型剤としてMR用内部離型剤(三井化学社製)2.30重量部を加え攪拌し溶解した。
この混合液にさらに4-メルカプトメチル-1,8-ジメルカプト-3,6-ジチアオクタン 415.4重量部を加えて、15℃で混合攪拌した。
その後、該混合液を精製するためにろ過を行い、さらに該溶液を真空ポンプにより減圧し脱気した。この溶液をガラスモールドへ注型して10検体を作成した。モールド形状はΦ81mm、フロント面2カーブ、バック面6カーブ、中心厚15.6mmの厚物で実施した。
本実施形態の光学材料製造装置により重合を行った。比較例6で得られた温度条件に基づいて重合オーブンの温度を設定し、温度条件を制御した。重合終了の後に冷却し硬化した樹脂を得た。得られた樹脂はアニール処理により内部応力を除去したのちに光学ひずみの評価を高圧水銀灯により実施し、その結果10検体中、10検体で光学用途としては使用することができない光学ひずみ(脈理)が発生した。
Claims (14)
- 重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加温し、所定の温度で保温した場合における、該重合反応性化合物の加温前の官能基由来の物性値aおよび所定時間保温した後の残存官能基由来の物性値bを取得する、物性取得工程と、
前記物性値aおよび前記物性値bから、残存官能基率を算出する残存官能基率算出工程と、
前記残存官能基率から、反応速度式に基づいて反応速度係数を算出する反応速度係数算出工程と、
前記反応速度係数および下記条件に基づいて重合温度を算出する重合温度算出工程と、
を含む重合条件設定方法。
(条件)
重合率が10%以上80%以下の範囲において、重合速度が0.4%/hr以上15%/hr以下、標準偏差が2.3%/hr以下 - 物性値aおよびbは、発熱量、比重、重量平均分子量、数平均分子量、IR測定におけるスペクトル強度、1H-NMRスペクトル強度、または13C-NMRスペクトル強度である、請求項1または2に記載の重合条件設定方法。
- 重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を、下記条件で重合する光学材料の製造方法。
(条件)
重合率が10%以上80%以下の範囲において、重合速度が0.4%/hr以上15%/hr以下、標準偏差が2.3%/hr以下 - 請求項1または2に記載の方法により得られた重合温度条件で重合する、請求項3に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
- 前記組成物は、前記重合反応性化合物であるポリイソシアネート化合物および活性水素化合物と、前記重合触媒と、を含む請求項3または4に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
- 前記ポリイソシアネート化合物は、脂肪族ポリイソシアネート、芳香族ポリイソシアネート、複素環ポリイソシアネート、脂環族ポリイソシアネートから選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項5に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
- 前記活性水素化合物が、2以上のメルカプト基を有するポリチオール化合物、1以上のメルカプト基と1以上の水酸基を有するヒドロキシチオール化合物、2以上の水酸基を有するポリオール化合物、およびアミン化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を含む、請求項5または6に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
- 前記組成物は、前記重合反応性化合物であるアリルカーボネート化合物、(メタ)アクリレート化合物またはエピスルフィド化合物から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物と、前記重合開始剤または前記重合触媒と、を含む、請求項3または4に記載の光学材料の製造方法。
- 重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加温し、所定の温度で保温した場合における、該重合反応性化合物の加温前の官能基由来の物性値aおよび所定時間保温した後の残存官能基由来の物性値bを取得する、物性取得部と、
前記物性値aおよび前記物性値bから、残存官能基率を算出する残存官能基率算出部と、
前記残存官能基率から、反応速度式に基づいて反応速度係数を算出する反応速度係数算出部と、
前記反応速度係数および下記条件に基づいて重合温度を算出する重合温度算出部と、
を備える、重合条件設定装置。
(条件)
重合率が10%以上80%以下の範囲において、重合速度が0.4%/hr以上15%/hr以下、標準偏差が2.3%/hr以下 - 重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物における、重合条件を設定するためのコンピュータプログラムであって、
コンピュータを
重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加温し、所定の温度で保温した場合における、該重合反応性化合物の加温前の官能基由来の物性値aおよび所定時間保温した後の残存官能基由来の物性値bを取得する、物性取得手段、
前記物性値aおよび前記物性値bから、残存官能基率を算出する残存官能基率算出手段、
前記残存官能基率から、反応速度式に基づいて反応速度係数を算出する反応速度係数算出手段、および
前記反応速度係数および下記条件に基づいて重合温度を算出する重合温度算出手段、
として機能させるための、コンピュータプログラム。
(条件)
重合率が10%以上80%以下の範囲において、重合速度が0.4%/hr以上15%/hr以下、標準偏差が2.3%/hr以下 - 重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加熱する加熱部と、
請求項12に記載の重合条件設定装置と、
前記重合条件設定装置により得られた重合温度条件に基づいて、重合反応性化合物と、重合触媒および/または重合開始剤と、を含む組成物を加熱するように前記加熱部を制御する制御部と、
を備える、光学材料製造装置。
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CN111868099A (zh) | 2020-10-30 |
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