WO2019167696A1 - 樹脂組成物、膜、光学フィルター、画像表示装置、固体撮像素子、及び化合物 - Google Patents
樹脂組成物、膜、光学フィルター、画像表示装置、固体撮像素子、及び化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019167696A1 WO2019167696A1 PCT/JP2019/005863 JP2019005863W WO2019167696A1 WO 2019167696 A1 WO2019167696 A1 WO 2019167696A1 JP 2019005863 W JP2019005863 W JP 2019005863W WO 2019167696 A1 WO2019167696 A1 WO 2019167696A1
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- LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N protoneodioscin Natural products O(C[C@@H](CC[C@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@]3(C)[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@H]([C@]5(C)C(=CC4)C[C@@H](O[C@@H]4[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@H](CO)O4)CC5)CC3)C[C@@H]2O1)C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005412 pyrazyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005495 pyridazyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005400 pyridylcarbonyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC=C1)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006862 quantum yield reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008334 thiadiazines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0041—Optical brightening agents, organic pigments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
- C09B57/007—Squaraine dyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/0066—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes the polymethine chain being part of a carbocyclic ring,(e.g. benzene, naphtalene, cyclohexene, cyclobutenene-quadratic acid)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/10—Esters of organic acids, i.e. acylates
- C08L1/12—Cellulose acetate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B59/00—Artificial dyes of unknown constitution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0071—Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dehydrating agents; Dispersing agents; Dustfree compositions
- C09B67/0083—Solutions of dyes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
- G02B5/223—Absorbing filters containing organic substances, e.g. dyes, inks or pigments
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3442—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3445—Five-membered rings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/805—Coatings
- H10F39/8053—Colour filters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resin composition suitable as a constituent material of an optical filter, a film and an optical filter using the resin composition, and an image display device and a solid-state imaging device using the optical filter. Moreover, this invention relates to the compound suitable as a light absorption component of the said resin composition.
- a liquid crystal display device is widely used as a space-saving image display device with low power consumption. In markets where high quality images such as televisions are required, there is an increasing demand for improved color reproducibility in addition to resolution.
- the liquid crystal display device is a non-light-emitting element in which the liquid crystal panel itself for displaying an image does not emit light. Therefore, a backlight unit is disposed on the back of the liquid crystal panel, and light is supplied to the liquid crystal panel.
- LEDs white light emitting diodes
- a white LED a method of creating white light by mixing blue light emitted from a blue LED and light emitted from a yellow phosphor, or a green phosphor and a red phosphor is known. Yes.
- the above-described method has a problem that the color reproduction range is narrower than that of an organic light emitting diode (OLED) or the like that has been spotlighted as a next generation display.
- OLED organic light emitting diode
- the present invention can block light of a specific wavelength of interest such as light of an unnecessary wavelength emitted from a white LED or the like, can effectively suppress fluorescence emission, and is excellent in light resistance. It is an object to provide a film and an optical filter, a resin composition suitable as a constituent material of the film and the optical filter, and an image display device and a solid-state imaging device including the optical filter. Moreover, this invention makes it a subject to provide a compound suitable as a light absorption component of the said resin composition.
- a compound having the following structure (A) having a specific squarylium dye structure, and (B)
- the energy level difference between the highest occupied orbit (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied orbit (LUMO) is greater than or equal to a certain level, and the absolute value of the HOMO energy level and / or LUMO energy level is the above-mentioned squarylium dye structure part Having a structure lower than the absolute value of the energy level of the corresponding orbit in
- an optical filter is formed from a composition containing a resin having a structure in which each structural part of (a) and (b) is connected by a divalent linking group, and the resin, Light of wavelength can be specifically absorbed and blocked by the squarylium dye structure of the above compound, and fluorescence emission from the squarylium dye structure excited by light absorption can be effectively suppressed, and light resistance is further improved. It was also found that an excellent optical filter can be obtained.
- a resin composition comprising a compound represented by the following general formula (1) and a resin.
- Dye represents a dye structure part obtained by removing n1 hydrogen atoms from a compound represented by the following general formula (2).
- a and B each represents an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, or —CH ⁇ G.
- G represents a heterocyclic group.
- Q 1 represents a structure that satisfies the following (i) and (ii).
- the energy level difference between the highest occupied orbit and the lowest empty orbit is 2.9 eV or more.
- the absolute value of the lowest unoccupied orbital energy level is smaller than the absolute value of the lowest unoccupied orbital energy level of Dye, or the absolute value of the highest occupied orbital energy level is Dye. Is smaller than the absolute value of the place.
- L 1 is a divalent linking group in which the linking part to Q 1 is an alkylene group, or a divalent linking group that is directly bonded to a ring-constituting carbon atom of Q 1. is there.
- n1 is an integer of 1 to 4.
- the Q 1 is represented by the following general formula (5) to (13) represented by any one of showing a removing one structure a hydrogen atom from the compound, [1] Resin composition.
- R 5 to R 20 , R 22 , R 23 , R 25 to R 27 , R 30 to R 36 , R 37a to R 37e , and R 38 to R 42 represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- R 21 and R 24 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group. However, when taking a hydrogen atom as R 21 and R 24 , Q 1 is bonded to the linking group L 1 with a nitrogen atom from which the hydrogen atom has been removed.
- X 1 represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a carbon atom, and n is an integer of 1 to 3.
- Dye 1 represents a dye structure part obtained by removing n1 hydrogen atoms from a compound represented by the following General Formula (2A).
- A represents a heterocyclic group.
- B represents an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, or —CH ⁇ G.
- G represents a heterocyclic group.
- Q 1 represents a structure that satisfies the following (i) and (ii).
- L 1 is a divalent linking group in which the linking part to Q 1 is an alkylene group, or a divalent linking group that is directly bonded to a ring-constituting carbon atom of Q 1. is there.
- n1 is an integer of 1 to 4.
- the dye represented by the general formula may have any tautomeric structure as long as at least one of the tautomeric structures is applicable to the general formula.
- the numerical range represented by “to” means that the numerical values described before and after it are included as the lower limit value and the upper limit value.
- substituents when there are a plurality of substituents, linking groups and the like (hereinafter referred to as substituents) indicated by a specific symbol, or when a plurality of substituents and the like are specified simultaneously or alternatively, It means that a substituent etc. may mutually be same or different. The same applies to the definition of the number of substituents and the like. Further, when a plurality of substituents and the like are close (especially adjacent), they may be connected to each other or condensed to form a ring.
- the term “compound” is used to mean the salt itself and its ions in addition to the compound itself. In addition, it means that a part of the structure is changed as long as the target effect is not impaired.
- the salt of the compound include an acid addition salt of the compound formed with the compound and an inorganic acid or an organic acid, or a base addition salt of the compound formed with the compound and an inorganic base or an organic base. Is mentioned.
- examples of the ion of the compound include an ion generated by dissolving a salt of the above-described compound in water or a solvent.
- a substituent that does not clearly indicate substitution or non-substitution means that the group may have an arbitrary substituent as long as the desired effect is not impaired. It is. This is synonymous with a compound or repeating unit in which substitution or non-substitution is not specified.
- the number of carbon atoms of a certain group means the number of carbon atoms of the entire group. That is, when this group is a form further having a substituent, it means the total number of carbon atoms including this substituent.
- the certain group when a certain group can form a non-cyclic skeleton and a cyclic skeleton, the certain group includes a non-cyclic skeleton group and a cyclic skeleton group unless otherwise specified.
- an alkyl group includes a straight chain alkyl group, a branched alkyl group, and a cyclic (cyclo) alkyl group.
- the lower limit of the number of carbon atoms in the group of the cyclic skeleton is preferably 3 or more, and more preferably 5 or more, regardless of the lower limit of the number of carbon atoms specifically described in the certain group.
- (meth) acryl is used to include both methacryl and acryl.
- the film and optical filter of the present invention can block light of a specific wavelength of interest, such as light of an unnecessary wavelength emitted from a white LED or the like, can effectively suppress fluorescence emission, and is also light resistant. Also excellent.
- the liquid crystal display device and the solid-state imaging device of the present invention are excellent in image contrast.
- the resin composition of the present invention is suitable as a material for forming the optical filter of the present invention.
- the compound of this invention is suitable as a light absorption component of the resin composition of this invention.
- the resin composition of the present invention comprises a dye compound having a specific structure and a resin as a binder.
- the dye compound has a specific linkage between a structure part of squarylium dye having absorption in a specific wavelength region of visible light and a structure part that suppresses fluorescence emission when the squarylium dye structure part is excited by light absorption. Connected by structure.
- the resin composition of the present invention is suitable as a constituent material of the optical filter of the present invention (a filter containing a dye compound and a resin).
- the coloring compound used for the resin composition of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (1).
- Dye represents a dye structure part obtained by removing n1 hydrogen atoms from a compound represented by the following general formula (2).
- a and B each represents an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, or —CH ⁇ G.
- G represents a heterocyclic group.
- L 1 is a divalent linking group in which the linking part to Q 1 is an alkylene group, or a divalent linking group that is directly bonded to a ring-constituting carbon atom of Q 1. is there.
- the divalent linking group is preferably an alkylene group, and preferably a group formed by combining an alkylene group and a group having a hetero atom (for example, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a nitrogen atom).
- L 1 has a molecular weight of preferably 14 to 300, more preferably 14 to 100.
- L 1 is a divalent linking group as described above and is not a single bond. When it forms Dye and Q 1, is connected by single bonds, may Q 1 is affects the hue of Dye undesirable.
- Examples of the divalent linking group that can be taken as L 1 include an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a divalent heterocyclic group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from a heterocyclic ring, CH ⁇ CH—, —CO—, —CS—, —NR— (R represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent), —O—, —S—, —SO 2 — or —N ⁇ CH—. Or a divalent linking group formed by combining a plurality of these (preferably an integer of 2 to 10).
- the combined divalent linking group examples include —COO—, —OCO—, —CONH—, —NHCOO—, —NHCONH—, —SO 2 NH—, and —CO—, —COO.
- L 1, or the alkylene group can take as part of L 1, not particularly limited as long as it is a group the number of carbon atoms in the range of 1-20.
- L 1 or the arylene group and the heterocyclic group may take as part of L 1, from the group of carbon number can take as A in the general formula (2) is exemplified as the aryl group having 6 to 20 Further, a group in which one hydrogen atom has been removed and a group in which one hydrogen atom has been further removed from each of the groups exemplified as the heterocyclic group that can be taken as A above can be mentioned.
- the substituent which can be taken as R is not particularly limited and has the same meaning as the substituent X which A in the general formula (2) may have.
- L 1 may have one or more substituents.
- the substituent that L 1 may have is not particularly limited and is, for example, the same as the substituent X described above.
- N1 is an integer from 1 to 4.
- n1 is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2.
- Q 1 represents a structure that satisfies the following (i) and (ii).
- the energy level difference between the highest occupied orbit (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied orbit (LUMO) is 2.9 eV or more.
- the absolute value of the LUMO energy level is smaller than the absolute value of the LUMO energy level in the Dye and / or the absolute value of the HOMO energy level is the absolute value of the HOMO energy level in the Dye. Less than the value.
- Conditions of the above (i) is an indication that Q 1 is a characteristic having no absorption in the visible light region. That is, if Q 1 satisfies the above (i) and is connected to Dye via L 1 , the hue of Dye (specific and efficient light absorption action) is virtually unaffected.
- the condition (ii) is a condition for suppressing fluorescence emitted when the Dye in an excited state by absorbing light returns to the ground state. That is, when the absolute value of the LUMO energy level in Q 1 is smaller than the absolute value of the LUMO energy level in Dye, electrons transferred to LUMO due to excitation of Dye preferentially Q 1 Move to LUMO. That is, it is possible to effectively suppress a phenomenon in which electrons that have moved to LUMO due to excitation of Dye directly move to HOMO of Dye and return Dye to the ground state. As a result, fluorescence emission of Dye is suppressed.
- the HOMO of Q 1 is changed from the HOMO of Q 1 to the HOMO of Dye where one electron is vacated by excitation. Electrons move and Dye's HOMO is buried and stabilized. As a result, the electrons had moved to the LUMO by the excitation of Dye is, move to the LUMO of Q 1. That is, it is possible to effectively suppress the phenomenon in which electrons that have moved to LUMO due to excitation of Dye return directly to HOMO of Dye, and to suppress fluorescence emission of Dye.
- the mechanism for suppressing fluorescence emission is merely an estimate, and the present invention is not limited to the mechanism.
- the compound of the general formula (1) used in the present invention is also excellent in light resistance.
- an electron transfer type quenching system a system in which a fluorescent dye and a quencher coexist
- the dye is in an anion radical or cation radical state due to electron transfer. Is done.
- the compound of the general formula (1) used in the present invention (compound having Dye and Q 1 linked by a divalent linking group and combining Dye and Q 1 in the same molecule) has excellent light resistance. ing.
- Dye is a structure up to a portion where the conjugated structure is interrupted when the structure of the general formula (2) is linked to L 1 .
- the squarylium structure is represented by an ethylene group corresponding to the linking group L 1 constituting the linking moiety with Q 1 .
- the conjugate structure is broken.
- the conjugated structure means a structure which forms a p-orbital system having a delocalized electron in alternately located single bonds and multiple bonds, and p-orbital donor group, p-orbital donor atom, or p-orbital.
- the p-orbital donating group include a carbonyl group and a sulfonyl group.
- a p-orbital donor atom is an atom having two lone electron pairs, one of which occupies a p-orbital atom.
- Examples of an atom that can be a p-orbital donor atom include an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom. Can be mentioned.
- a structure in which a plurality of (preferably integers of 2 to 10) p-orbital donor atoms and p-orbital donor groups are used.
- —O—CO A divalent group represented by —, —NH—CO—, —NH—SO 2 —, —NH—CO—NH— or the like is a group forming a conjugated structure.
- the divalent group represented by —O—C ( ⁇ O) — or —NH—C ( ⁇ O) — is directly bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aromatic ring in the squarylium structure.
- the structure of Q 1 is roughly divided into two forms (some structures apply to both of the two forms).
- One form is a structure part that faces Dye across L 1 , is a form that binds to an alkylene group that L 1 has, and satisfies the above (i) and (ii).
- an alkylene group is interposed in the structure facing the Dye from the end of this structure part, and from the end of the structure part facing Dye across L 1
- this alkylene group constitutes L 1 (that is, the structure of Q 1 is interrupted before this alkylene group).
- each structure corresponding to Dye, L 1 , and Q 1 in the compound A-1 is as follows.
- * indicates a linking site.
- Q 1 represents structure facing the Dye across L 1 is, by whether OY bound to the alkylene group L 1 has, as a premise to have an aliphatic ring.
- the ring-constituting atom located on the Dye side of the aliphatic ring is a carbon atom, and the entire structural part from the end of the structural part facing Dye across L 1 to the ring-constituting carbon atom is the above-mentioned If (i) and (ii) are satisfied, the Dye side is L 1 with respect to the ring carbon atom. That is, the structure portion from the end of the structure portion facing Dye across L 1 to the ring-constituting carbon atom is Q 1 .
- the ring-constituting carbon atom may be bonded to the L 1 alkylene group, and in this case, the first form described above also applies.
- the structures corresponding to Dye, L 1 , and Q 1 are as follows.
- the Q 1 -terminal OH is linked to an alkylene group.
- Q 1 is not interrupted by this alkylene group (OH becomes Q 1 ).
- the structural part facing Dye across L 1 has an aliphatic ring
- the structural part has a structure that is bonded to the alkylene group of L 1.
- the determination method of Q 1 described in the above “another form of Q 1 ” is given priority.
- the HOMO and LUMO energy levels of Q 1 and the HOMO and LUMO energy levels of Dye are defined.
- the energy levels of HOMO and LUMO are usually concepts for compounds.
- Dye, L 1 , and Q 1 of the compound are determined based on the above-described rules, and a structure in which the connecting site of Dye to L 1 is replaced with a methyl group is replaced with this methyl group.
- the energy levels of HOMO and LUMO in the structural compound are defined as the energy levels of HOMO and LUMO in Dye.
- the energy level of the HOMO and LUMO in the compound of structure is replaced with the methyl group, HOMO in Q 1 And defined as the LUMO energy level.
- the linking site is replaced with a methyl group.
- the HOMO and LUMO values are not affected as long as they are not methyl groups, but are alkyl groups having about 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the HOMO and LUMO of the compound obtained by replacing the connecting portion for example, an ethyl group, or propyl group
- the energy level difference between the HOMO and LUMO of Dye and Q 1 can be obtained linking site Dye and Q 1 of the compound is replaced with a methyl group, from the intersection of the fluorescence spectrum and absorption spectrum.
- the energy levels of HOMO and LUMO of Dye are determined by measuring the oxidation potential using cyclic voltammetry for the compound in which the Dye linking site is replaced with a methyl group, and the obtained value is used as the energy level of HOMO.
- the Dye LUMO can be obtained from the energy level difference.
- Each energy level of HOMO and LUMO of Q 1 is, for those compounds which displaced connection site for Q 1 methyl group, measured either oxidation potential or reduction potential using cyclic voltammetry, oxide
- the obtained value is the HOMO energy level.
- the obtained value is the LUMO energy level
- the other energy level is obtained from the energy level difference. Can do.
- Dye in the general formula (1) represents a dye structure part having a structure in which n1 hydrogen atoms are removed from the compound represented by the following general formula (2). The portion from which the hydrogen atom is removed becomes a bond with L 1 .
- the mode of removing a hydrogen atom from this Dye is not particularly limited, and constitutes a hydrogen atom (aryl group or heterocyclic group ring structure) possessed by an aryl group or heterocyclic group that can be taken as A or B in the general formula (2).
- a and B each represents an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, or —CH ⁇ G.
- G represents a heterocyclic group.
- a and B may be the same or different.
- A is preferably a heterocyclic group.
- the aryl group that can be used as A or B is not particularly limited, and may be a group consisting of a single ring or a group consisting of a condensed ring.
- the aryl group preferably has 6 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- each group which consists of a benzene ring and a naphthalene ring is mentioned, for example, More preferably, it is a group which consists of a benzene ring.
- the heterocyclic group that can be taken as A or B is not particularly limited, and includes a group consisting of an aliphatic heterocyclic ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring, and a group consisting of an aromatic heterocyclic ring is preferable.
- a heteroaryl group which is an aromatic heterocyclic group the heteroaryl group which can be taken as the substituent X mentioned later is mentioned, for example.
- the aromatic heterocyclic group that can be adopted as A or B is preferably a 5-membered or 6-membered ring group, and more preferably a nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring group.
- a group consisting of a ring, a benzoxazole ring and a pyrazolotriazole ring is preferred.
- a group consisting of a pyrrole ring, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring or a pyrazolotriazole ring is preferable.
- the pyrazolotriazole ring is a condensed ring formed of a condensed ring of a pyrazole ring and a triazole ring, and these rings are condensed at least one by one.
- G in —CH ⁇ G which can be taken as A or B, represents a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, and examples shown in A and B are preferable.
- a group composed of a benzoxazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, an indoline ring, or the like is preferable.
- A, B, and G may each have a substituent X.
- substituent X When the substituent X is present, adjacent substituents may be bonded to each other to further form a ring structure. A plurality of substituents may be present.
- substituent X include substituents that can be adopted as R 1 in the general formula (4) described later, specifically, halogen atoms, cyano groups, nitro groups, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an aralkyl group, -OR 10a, -COR 11a, -COOR 12a, -OCOR 13a, -NR 14a R 15a, -NHCOR 16a, -CONR 17a R 18a, -NHCONR 19a R 20a, -NHCOOR 21a, -SR 22a, -SO 2 R 23a, -SO 3 R 24a, include -NHSO 2 R 25a or SO 2 NR 26
- R 10a to R 27a each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group.
- the aliphatic group and aromatic group that can be taken as R 10a to R 27a are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from substituents that can be taken as R 1 in the general formula (4) described later.
- the aliphatic group is preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group
- the aromatic group is preferably an aryl group.
- the heterocyclic group that can be adopted as R 10a to R 27a may be aliphatic or aromatic, and can be appropriately selected from, for example, a heteroaryl group or a heterocyclic group that can be adopted as R 1 in formula (4) described later.
- R 12a of —COOR 12a is a hydrogen atom (ie, a carboxy group)
- the hydrogen atom may be dissociated (ie, a carbonate group) or may be in a salt state.
- R 24a of -SO 3 R 24a is a hydrogen atom (i.e., a sulfo group) may be dissociated hydrogen atoms (i.e., sulfonate group), it may be in the form of a salt.
- Examples of the halogen atom that can be taken as X include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group that can be taken as X is preferably 1-20, more preferably 1-15, and still more preferably 1-8.
- the alkenyl group preferably has 2 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the alkynyl group has preferably 2 to 40 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 2 to 25 carbon atoms.
- Each of the alkyl group, alkenyl group and alkynyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic, and is preferably linear or branched.
- Aryl groups include monocyclic or fused ring groups.
- the aryl group preferably has 6 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl part of the aralkyl group (alkyl-substituted aryl group) is the same as the above alkyl group.
- the aryl part of the aralkyl group is the same as the above aryl group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aralkyl group is preferably 7 to 40, more preferably 7 to 30, and still more preferably 7 to 25.
- the heteroaryl group includes a group consisting of a single ring or a condensed ring, preferably a single ring or a group consisting of a condensed ring having 2 to 8 rings, and from a single ring or a condensed ring having 2 to 4 rings. Is more preferred.
- the number of heteroatoms constituting the ring of the heteroaryl group is preferably 1 to 3.
- the hetero atom which comprises the ring of a heteroaryl group a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom is mentioned.
- the heteroaryl group is preferably a group consisting of a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring.
- the number of carbon atoms constituting the ring of the heteroaryl group is preferably 3 to 30, more preferably 3 to 18, and more preferably 3 to 12.
- Examples of the heteroaryl group include pyridine ring, piperidine ring, furan ring group, furfuran ring, thiophene ring, pyrrole ring, quinoline ring, morpholine ring, indole ring, imidazole ring, pyrazole ring, carbazole ring, phenothiazine ring, phenoxazine.
- Examples include a group consisting of a ring, an indoline ring, a thiazole ring, a pyrazine ring, a thiadiazine ring, a benzoquinoline ring or a thiadiazole ring.
- the alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group and heteroaryl group mentioned in the example of the substituent X may each further have a substituent or may be unsubstituted.
- the substituent which may be present is not particularly limited, but an alkyl group, an aryl group, an amino group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an aromatic heterocyclic oxy group, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxy group Carbonyl group, acyloxy group, acylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, sulfonylamino group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, aromatic heterocyclic thio group, sulfonyl group, hydroxy group, mercapto group, halogen atom, cyano
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- the substituent that can be employed as R 3 and R 4 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the same substituents that can be employed as R 1 in the general formula (4) described later.
- the substituent which can be taken as R 3 is alkyl group, alkoxy group, amino group, amide group, sulfonylamide group, cyano group, nitro group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, heterocyclic group, alkoxycarbonyl group, carbamoyl group Or a halogen atom is preferable, an alkyl group, an aryl group or an amino group is more preferable, and an alkyl group is still more preferable.
- an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a heterocyclic group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an amide group, a carbamoyl group, an amino group, or a cyano group is preferable.
- An alkyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, a carbamoyl group, or an aryl group is more preferable, and an alkyl group is still more preferable.
- the alkyl group that can be adopted as R 3 and R 4 may be linear, branched, or cyclic, but is preferably linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group that can be taken as R 3 is preferably 1 to 18, more preferably 1 to 12, and most preferably 1 to 6.
- Examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, 2-ethylhexyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, hexyl, octyl, 1 -Cyclohexylethyl, 1-cyclohexylpropyl, dicyclohexylmethyl, decyl, dodecyl, hexyldecyl, hexyloctyl and the like, and methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or hexyl preferable.
- the alkyl group that can be employed as R 4 preferably has 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 18 carbon atoms.
- alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, 2-ethylhexyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, hexyl, Octyl, 1-cyclohexylethyl, 1-cyclohexylpropyl, dicyclohexylmethyl, decyl, dodecyl, hexyldecyl, hexyloctyl and the like, and isopropyl, t-butyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, cyclohexyl, dicyclohexylmethyl or 2-ethy
- B has the same meaning as B in general formula (2).
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different from each other, and may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the substituent that can be taken as R 1 and R 2 is not particularly limited.
- cycloalkyl group cyclopentyl group, cycl
- Heterocyclic groups also called heterocyclic groups, for example, pyrrolidyl groups, imidazolidyl groups, morpholyl groups, oxazolidyl groups, etc.
- alkoxy groups methoxy groups, ethoxy groups, propyloxy groups, etc.
- cycloalkoxy groups cyclopentyloxy groups, Cyclohexyloxy group etc.
- aryloxy group phenoxy group, naphthyloxy group etc.
- heteroaryloxy group aromatic heterocyclic oxy group
- alkylthio group methylthio group, ethylthio group, propylthio group etc.
- cycloalkylthio group Cyclopentylthio group, cyclohexylthio group, etc.
- arylthio group phenylthio group, naphthylthio group, etc.
- heteroarylthio group aromatic heterocyclic thio group
- an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group or a heteroaryl group is preferable, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a heteroaryl group is more preferable, and an alkyl group is further preferable.
- R 1 and R 2 may further have a substituent. Further, examples of the substituent which may be included include the above-described substituents which can be adopted as R 1 and R 2 .
- R 1 and R 2 may be bonded to each other or a substituent of B 2 or B 3 to form a ring.
- the ring formed at this time is preferably a heterocycle or a heteroaryl ring, and the size of the ring formed is not particularly limited, but is preferably a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring.
- B 1 , B 2 , B 3 and B 4 each independently represent a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom.
- the ring containing B 1 , B 2 , B 3 and B 4 is an aromatic ring.
- B 1 to B 4 at least two or more are preferably carbon atoms, and more preferably all of B 1 to B 4 are carbon atoms.
- Carbon atoms that can be taken as B 1 to B 4 have a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- the number of carbon atoms having a substituent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0, 1 or 2, and more preferably 1.
- B 1 and B 4 are carbon atoms and at least one has a substituent.
- the substituent that the carbon atom that can be taken as B 1 to B 4 has is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the above substituents that can be taken as R 1 and R 2 .
- a halogen atom or a hydroxy group more preferably an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, an amide group, an acylamino group, a sulfonylamide group, a carbamoyl group, an amino group, a cyano group, or a nitro group.
- a halogen atom or a hydroxy group more preferably an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryl group, an
- an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, an amide group, an acylamino group, a sulfonylamide group, or a carbamoyl group is more preferable, and an alkyl group, an alkoxy group is particularly preferable.
- the carbon atom that can be adopted as B 2 and B 3 has, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, an amino group, a cyano group, a nitro group, or a halogen atom is more preferable, and any one of the substituents It is particularly preferred that the group is an electron withdrawing group (for example, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, or a halogen atom).
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and have the same meaning as R 3 and R 4 in General Formula (3).
- any squarylium dye represented by the general formula (2), or any one of the general formulas (3) and (4) can be used without particular limitation.
- Examples thereof include, for example, JP-A-2006-160618, International Publication No. 2004/005981, International Publication No. 2004/007447, Dies and Pigment, 2001, 49, p. 161-179, International Publication No. 2008/090757, International Publication No. 2005/121098, and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-275726.
- the squarylium compound used in the present invention is a compound derived from the squarylium dye structure part represented by the general formula (1) and contained in the exemplified compound described later (in place of L 1 , a hydrogen atom Additional compounds), and compounds described in, for example, JP-A-2002-97383 and JP-A-2015-68945 can also be mentioned.
- a preferable structure of Q 1 in the general formula (1) is a structural portion having a structure in which one hydrogen atom is removed from a compound represented by any one of the following general formulas (5) to (13). The portion from which the hydrogen atom is removed becomes a bond with L 1 .
- the aspect in which a hydrogen atom is removed from a compound represented by each of the following general formulas is not particularly limited, and a symbol R (R 5 to R 20 , R 22 , R 23 , R 25 to R 27 , R in each general formula is not limited.
- R 30 to R 36 , R 37a to R 37e , R 38 to R 42 ), and R 5 to R 27 , R 30 to R 36 , R 37a to R 37e , and R 38 to may be a hydrogen atom of the respective substituents R 42 may further have.
- R 5 to R 20 , R 22 , R 23 , R 25 to R 27 , R 30 to R 36 , R 37a to R 37e , and R 38 to R 42 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Indicates a group. Substituents that R 5 to R 20 , R 22 , R 23 , R 25 to R 27 , R 30 to R 36 , R 37a to R 37e , and R 38 to R 42 can respectively take are not particularly limited, Examples of the substituents that can be used as R 1 in formula (4) include alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, aryl groups, heteroaryl groups, heterocyclic groups, alkoxy groups, cycloalkoxy groups, aryloxy groups.
- alkylthio group alkylthio group, cycloalkylthio group, arylthio group, hydroxy group, amino group, halogen atom, acyl group, acyloxy group, acylamino group, cyano group, sulfo group or carboxy group.
- R 21 and R 24 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group. However, when a hydrogen atom is taken as R 21 and R 24, it is bonded to the linking group L 1 with a nitrogen atom from which the hydrogen atom has been removed.
- the alkyl group and aryl group which can be taken as R 21 and R 24 are synonymous with the alkyl group and aryl group which can be taken as R 1 in the general formula (4).
- the heterocyclic group that can be taken as R 21 and R 24 includes a heteroaryl group and a heterocyclic group, and these groups have the same meanings as the heteroaryl group and the heterocyclic group that can be taken as R 1 .
- X 1 represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a carbon atom.
- a curve connecting —X 1 and N represents an atomic group forming a ring together with —X 1 —C ⁇ N—.
- This atomic group is not particularly limited, but includes a hydrogen atom or the like that has a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom or the like as a ring-constituting atom and is bonded to these atoms.
- the ring including the —X 1 —C ⁇ N— group includes an aliphatic heterocyclic ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring, and may be a monocyclic ring. It may be a condensed ring.
- the number of ring members forming a single ring or a condensed ring that can be used as this ring is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5 to 7 members, and preferably 5 or 6 members.
- the ring including the —X 1 —C ⁇ N— group is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a ring forming a heterocyclic group and a heteroaryl group that can be adopted as R 1 in the general formula (4). And a ring that forms a heteroaryl group is preferred, and a 2-benzothiazole ring is more preferred.
- n is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 1.
- R 5 to R 27 , R 30 to R 36 , R 37a to R 37e , and R 38 to R 42 are adjacent to each other, they may combine to form a ring.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) can be synthesized using a known method.
- the compound can be synthesized according to a synthesis method described in Examples described later.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (1) used in the resin composition of the present invention is preferably 0.005 parts by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin described later.
- the amount is more preferably no less than 3 parts by mass and even more preferably no less than 0.1 parts by mass and no greater than 1.5 parts by mass.
- the optical filter contains two or more pigments, the above content is the total content thereof.
- content of the compound represented by General formula (1) in the case where the optical filter of this invention serves also as a polarizing plate protective film or an adhesive layer mentioned later should just be the said range.
- the resin composition of the present invention contains a resin (binder) (the binder may contain any conventional component in addition to the polymer. Hereinafter, it may be referred to as “binder resin”).
- the resin used in the present invention is preferably transparent.
- the resin is transparent means a resin having a total light transmittance of 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 90% or more, measured by forming a test piece having a thickness of 1 mm.
- the resin used as the binder of the resin composition of the present invention include polystyrene resin, cycloolefin-based resin, cellulose acylate resin, and acrylic resin, and this is a normal one used as an optical filter. Can do.
- a polystyrene resin or a cycloolefin-based resin is preferable, and a polystyrene resin is particularly preferable.
- a preferable form is demonstrated about the polystyrene resin and cycloolefin type resin which are preferable as resin used for this invention.
- polystyrene resin The polystyrene contained in the polystyrene resin means a resin containing 50% by mass or more of a styrene component. In the present invention, only one type of polystyrene may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the styrene component is a structural unit derived from a monomer having a styrene skeleton in its structure.
- polystyrene preferably contains 70% by mass or more, and more preferably contains 85% by mass or more. .
- polystyrene is comprised only from the styrene component.
- polystyrene examples include homopolymers of styrene compounds and copolymers of two or more styrene compounds.
- the styrene compound is a compound having a styrene skeleton in the structure, and includes a compound in which a substituent is introduced into a portion other than the ethylenically unsaturated bond of styrene in addition to styrene.
- styrene compounds include styrene; ⁇ -methyl styrene, o-methyl styrene, m-methyl styrene, p-methyl styrene, 3,5-dimethyl styrene, 2,4-dimethyl styrene, o-ethyl styrene, p-ethyl.
- the polystyrene used in the present invention is preferably a styrene homopolymer (ie, polystyrene).
- the polystyrene may be a styrene-diene copolymer or a styrene-polymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer.
- a mixture of polystyrene and synthetic rubber for example, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, etc.
- HIPS impact-resistant polystyrene obtained by graft-polymerizing styrene to synthetic rubber is also preferable.
- a rubber-like elastic body is dispersed in a continuous phase of a polymer containing a styrene component (for example, a copolymer of a styrene component and a (meth) acrylic acid ester component), and the copolymer is added to the rubber-like elastic body.
- a styrene component for example, a copolymer of a styrene component and a (meth) acrylic acid ester component
- polystyrene obtained by graft polymerization of polystyrene referred to as graft-type impact-resistant polystyrene “graft HIPS”).
- graft HIPS graft-type impact-resistant polystyrene
- so-called styrene-based elastomers can also be suitably used.
- the polystyrene may be hydrogenated (hydrogenated polystyrene may be used).
- the hydrogenated polystyrene is not particularly limited, but a hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS) or a hydrogenated styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS), which is a resin obtained by adding hydrogen to SBS or SIS ( Hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymers such as SEPS) are preferred. Only 1 type may be used for the said hydrogenated polystyrene, and 2 or more types may be used for it.
- SEBS hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer
- SEBS hydrogenated styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer
- SEPS Hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymers
- the molecular weight of polystyrene used in the present invention is appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use, but is a mass average measured by a gel permeation chromatography method in a tetrahydrofuran solution (a toluene solution when the polymer polymer does not dissolve).
- the molecular weight is usually in the range of 5,000 to 500,000, preferably 8,000 to 200,000, more preferably 10,000 to 100,000.
- a polymer having a molecular weight in the above range can balance the mechanical strength and molding processability of the molded body at a high level in a balanced manner.
- polystyrene a plurality of types having different compositions, molecular weights and the like can be used in combination.
- the polystyrene resin can be obtained by a known anion, block, suspension, emulsion or solution polymerization method.
- an unsaturated double bond of a benzene ring of a conjugated diene or a styrene monomer may be hydrogenated.
- the hydrogenation rate can be measured by a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus (NMR).
- NMR nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus
- the polystyrene resin a commercially available product may be used.
- Styrene-butadiene random copolymer examples include “Septon” (SEPS) manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., and the like.
- SEPS Styrene-butadiene random copolymer
- modified polystyrene resins include “Tuftec M Series” manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, “Epofriend” manufactured by Daicel Corporation, “Polar Group Modified Dynalon” manufactured by JSR Corporation, and Toagosei Co., Ltd. "Reseda” made by the company.
- the cyclic olefin compound forming the cycloolefin polymer (also referred to as cyclic polyolefin) contained in the cycloolefin resin is not particularly limited as long as it has a ring structure containing a carbon-carbon double bond. Examples include norbornene compounds, monocyclic olefin compounds other than norbornene compounds, cyclic conjugated diene compounds, vinyl alicyclic hydrocarbon compounds, and the like.
- Examples of the cycloolefin polymer contained in the cycloolefin resin include (1) a polymer containing a structural unit derived from a norbornene compound, and (2) a structural unit derived from a monocyclic olefin compound other than the norbornene compound. (3) a polymer containing a structural unit derived from a cyclic conjugated diene compound, (4) a polymer containing a structural unit derived from a vinyl alicyclic hydrocarbon compound, and (1) to (4) ) Of polymer hydrides containing structural units derived from the respective compounds.
- the polymer containing a structural unit derived from a norbornene compound and the polymer containing a structural unit derived from a monocyclic olefin compound include a ring-opening polymer of each compound.
- the cycloolefin polymer contained in the cycloolefin resin is not particularly limited, but a polymer having a structural unit derived from a norbornene compound represented by the following general formula (A-II) or (A-III) can be used. preferable.
- a polymer having a structural unit represented by the following general formula (A-II) is an addition polymer of a norbornene compound
- a polymer having a structural unit represented by the following general formula (A-III) is a norbornene compound. It is a ring-opening polymer.
- R 3 to R 6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited as long as it is a group consisting of a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom, and examples thereof include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, and an aryl group (aromatic hydrocarbon group). Among these, an alkyl group or an aryl group is preferable.
- X 2 and X 3 , Y 2 and Y 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen atom,- (CH 2 ) nCOOR 11 , — (CH 2 ) nOCOR 12 , — (CH 2 ) nNCO, — (CH 2 ) nNO 2 , — (CH 2 ) nCN, — (CH 2 ) nCONR 13 R 14 , — (CH 2) nNR 13 R 14, - (CH 2) nOZ, - (CH 2) nW, or the X 2 and Y 2 or X 3 and Y 3 bonded to form together, (- CO) 2 O or ( —CO) 2 NR 15 is represented.
- R 11 to R 15 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- Z represents a hydrocarbon group or a hydrocarbon group substituted with a halogen
- W represents Si ( R 16 ) p D (3-p)
- R 16 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- D is a halogen atom
- —OCOR 17 or —OR 17 R 17 is a hydrocarbon having 1 to 10 carbon atoms) Group
- p is an integer of 0 to 3.
- n is an integer of 0 to 10, preferably 0 to 8, and more preferably 0 to 6.
- R 3 to R 6 are each preferably a hydrogen atom or —CH 3, and more preferably a hydrogen atom in terms of moisture permeability.
- X 2 and X 3 are each preferably a hydrogen atom, —CH 3 , or —C 2 H 5, and more preferably a hydrogen atom in terms of moisture permeability.
- Y 2 and Y 3 are each preferably a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom (particularly a chlorine atom) or — (CH 2 ) nCOOR 11 (particularly —COOCH 3 ), and more preferably a hydrogen atom in terms of moisture permeability. Other groups are appropriately selected.
- the polymer having a structural unit represented by the general formula (A-II) or (A-III) may further contain at least one structural unit represented by the following general formula (AI).
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- X 1 and Y 1 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a carbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 11 to R 15 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- Z represents a hydrocarbon group or a hydrocarbon group substituted with a halogen
- W represents Si ( R 16 ) p D (3-p) (R 16 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, D is a halogen atom, —OCOR 17 or —OR 17 (R 17 is a hydrocarbon having 1 to 10 carbon atoms) Group)
- p is an integer of 0 to 3.
- n represents an integer of 0 to 10.
- the cyclic polyolefin having the structural unit represented by the general formula (A-II) or (A-III) is a structural unit derived from the norbornene compound described above, and the total mass of the cyclic polyolefin.
- the content is preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 30 to 85% by mass, still more preferably 50 to 79% by mass, and most preferably 60 to 75% by mass.
- the ratio of the structural unit derived from the norbornene compound represents an average value in the cyclic polyolefin.
- a polymer of norbornene compound a norbornene compound and an olefin such as ethylene, propylene and butene, a conjugated diene such as butadiene and isoprene, a non-conjugated diene such as ethylidene norbornene, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid
- a copolymer with ethylene is preferable.
- Such norbornene compound addition (co) polymers are sold under the trade name of Apel by Mitsui Chemicals, and have different glass transition temperatures (Tg), for example, APL8008T (Tg70 ° C.), APL6011T (Tg105). ° C), APL6013T (Tg125 ° C), APL6015T (Tg145 ° C), or the like.
- pellets such as TOPAS 8007, 6013, and 6015 are commercially available from Polyplastics.
- Appear 3000 is commercially available from Ferrania.
- a hydride of a polymer of a norbornene compound can be synthesized by subjecting a norbornene compound or the like to addition polymerization or metathesis ring-opening polymerization, followed by hydrogenation.
- Examples of the synthesis method include JP-A-1-240517, JP-A-7-196736, JP-A-60-26024, JP-A-62-19801, JP-A-2003-159767, or JP-A-2004-309799. It is described in each gazette.
- the molecular weight of the cycloolefin polymer used in the present invention is appropriately selected according to the purpose of use, but is measured by a gel permeation chromatographic method using a cyclohexane solution (or a toluene solution when the polymer polymer is not dissolved).
- the mass average molecular weight in terms of polyisoprene or polystyrene is usually in the range of 5,000 to 500,000, preferably 8,000 to 200,000, more preferably 10,000 to 100,000.
- a polymer having a molecular weight in the above range can balance the mechanical strength and molding processability of the molded body at a high level in a balanced manner.
- the resin composition of the present invention preferably contains 50% by mass or more of a binder resin from the viewpoint of sharpness of absorption waveform and light resistance, more preferably 70% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 90% by mass or more. .
- a binder resin from the viewpoint of sharpness of absorption waveform and light resistance
- Two or more binder resins may be used, and binders having different composition ratios and / or molecular weights may be used in combination. In this case, the total content of each binder resin is within the above range.
- the resin composition of the present invention may contain an additive as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- an additive that can be generally blended in a plastic film may be contained.
- additives include antioxidants, heat stabilizers, light-resistant stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, antistatic agents, lubricants, plasticizers, fillers, and the like, the content of which is the object of the present invention. It can be selected within a range that does not damage.
- the additive include known plasticizers, organic acids, polymers, retardation adjusting agents, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, and matting agents.
- JP2012-155287A the description of paragraph numbers [0062] to [0097] of JP2012-155287A can be referred to, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- the additive include a peeling accelerator, an organic acid, and a polyvalent carboxylic acid derivative.
- the description of WO2015 / 005398, paragraphs [0212] to [0219] can be referred to, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- examples of the additive include a radical scavenger and a deterioration inhibitor described later.
- the content of the additive (when the resin composition contains two or more additives, the total content thereof) is preferably 50 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin, 30 The amount is more preferably at most 5 parts by mass, and still more preferably 5-30 parts by mass.
- One preferable additive may include an antioxidant.
- the description in paragraphs [0143] to [0165] of International Publication No. 2015/005398 can be referred to, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- radical scavenger One preferred additive may include a radical scavenger.
- the description in paragraphs [0166] to [0199] of International Publication No. 2015/005398 can be referred to, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- a deterioration preventing agent As one of preferable additives, a deterioration preventing agent can be mentioned. With regard to the deterioration preventing agent, the description in paragraphs [0205] to [0206] of International Publication No. 2015/005398 can be referred to, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- an ultraviolet absorber may be added to the optical filter from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration.
- the ultraviolet absorber those excellent in the ability to absorb ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 370 nm or less and having little absorption of visible light having a wavelength of 400 nm or more are preferably used from the viewpoint of good liquid crystal display properties.
- Specific examples of ultraviolet absorbers preferably used in the present invention include, for example, hindered phenol compounds, hydroxybenzophenone compounds, benzotriazole compounds, salicylic acid ester compounds, benzophenone compounds, cyanoacrylate compounds, nickel complex compounds Etc.
- hindered phenol compounds examples include 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, pentaerythrityl-tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate].
- benzotriazole compounds include 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2,2-methylenebis (4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) -6- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) phenol), (2,4-bis- (n-octylthio) -6- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylanilino) -1,3,5- Triazine, triethylene glycol-bis [3- (3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], N, N′-hexamethylenebis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- Hydroxy-hydrocinnamide), 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene, 2 (2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-di-tert-butylphenyl) -5-chlorobenz
- optical filter A film formed using the resin composition of the present invention is suitable as an optical filter. That is, the optical filter of the present invention is a film containing the resin composition of the present invention. The content of each component in the optical filter and the film is the same as that in the resin composition of the present invention. Below, the manufacturing method of an optical filter is demonstrated.
- the manufacturing method of the optical filter is not particularly limited except that the resin composition of the present invention is used, and can be appropriately manufactured by a normal molding method.
- the optical filter of the present invention can be produced, for example, by a solution casting film forming method.
- a film is produced using a solution (dope, one form of the resin composition of the present invention) in which at least the compound represented by the general formula (1) and a binder resin are dissolved in an organic solvent. .
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the binder resin.
- a solvent selected from halogenated hydrocarbons can be used.
- the ether, ketone and ester may have a cyclic structure.
- a compound having two or more functional groups of the ether, ketone and ester that is, —O—, —CO— and COO—
- the organic solvent may have another functional group such as an alcoholic hydroxyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms is preferably within the above-described preferable range of carbon atoms of the solvent having any functional group.
- the content of the binder resin in the solution is preferably adjusted to 10 to 40% by mass, and more preferably 10 to 30% by mass.
- the above-mentioned arbitrary additives may be added to the organic solvent (main solvent).
- two or more layers can be cast to form a film.
- the dope is preferably cast on a band and evaporated to form a film by evaporating the solvent.
- the dope before casting is preferably adjusted in concentration so that the solid content is in the range of 10 to 40% by mass.
- the surface of the band is preferably finished in a mirror state.
- the solutions containing cycloolefin resin are respectively cast from a plurality of casting ports provided at intervals in the traveling direction of the support and laminated.
- the methods described in JP-A-61-158414, JP-A-1-122419, and JP-A-11-198285 can be used.
- a film can be formed by casting a cycloolefin resin solution from two casting ports.
- JP-B-60-27562, JP-A-61-94724, JP-A-61-947245, JP-A-61-104413, JP-A-61-158413, and JP-A-6- The method described in each publication of No. 134933 can be used. Further, a resin film casting method described in JP-A-56-162617 can be used in which a flow of a high-viscosity resin solution is wrapped in a low-viscosity resin solution and the high- and low-viscosity resin solutions are simultaneously extruded.
- the film formed on the support by the first casting port is peeled off, and the second casting is performed on the side in contact with the support surface to produce a film.
- the same solution may be used as the solution to be cast, or two or more different solutions may be used.
- a solution corresponding to the function may be pushed out from each casting port.
- the solution casting film may be cast simultaneously with other functional layers (for example, an adhesive layer, a dye layer, an antistatic layer, an antihalation layer, an ultraviolet absorption layer, a polarizing layer, etc.).
- the addition of the compound (pigment) represented by the general formula (1) to the above solution can be mixed with an organic solvent together with a binder resin at the time of dope preparation, for example.
- the steps from dope casting to post-drying may be performed in an air atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas.
- the winding machine used for manufacturing the optical filter of the present invention may be a commonly used winding method such as a constant tension method, a constant torque method, a taper tension method, a program tension control method with a constant internal stress, and the like. Can be rolled up.
- the optical filter can be stretched.
- a desired retardation can be imparted to the optical filter by the stretching treatment.
- the stretching direction of the optical filter is preferably either the width direction or the longitudinal direction. Methods for stretching in the width direction are described in, for example, JP-A-62-115035, JP-A-4-152125, JP-A-4284221, JP-A-4-298310, and JP-A-11-48271. Yes.
- Stretching of the film is performed under heating conditions.
- the film can be stretched by a treatment during drying, and is particularly effective when the solvent remains.
- the film is stretched by adjusting the speed of the film transport roller so that the film winding speed is higher than the film peeling speed.
- the film can also be stretched by conveying while holding the width of the film with a tenter and gradually widening the width of the tenter. After the film is dried, it can be stretched using a stretching machine (preferably uniaxial stretching using a long stretching machine).
- the molding method of the optical filter is not particularly limited, and can be prepared as described above. Furthermore, any of the hot melt molding method and the solution casting method can be used.
- the heat-melt molding method can be further classified into an extrusion molding method, a press molding method, an inflation molding method, an injection molding method, a blow molding method, a stretch molding method, etc. Among these methods, mechanical strength, surface accuracy are included. In order to obtain an excellent film, an extrusion molding method, an inflation molding method, and a press molding method are preferable, and an extrusion molding method is most preferable.
- the molding conditions are appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use and the molding method.
- the cylinder temperature is usually in the range of 150 to 400 ° C., preferably 200 to 350 ° C., more preferably 230 to 330 ° C. Is set as appropriate. If the polymer temperature is too low, fluidity will deteriorate, causing shrinkage and distortion in the film. If the polymer temperature is too high, voids and silver streaks will occur due to thermal decomposition of the polymer, and the film will turn yellow. Defects may occur.
- the thickness of the optical filter is usually in the range of 5 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 to 100 ⁇ m in consideration of handling at the time of lamination and improvement of productivity due to shortening of drying time.
- the optical filter has a surface wetting tension of preferably 40 mN / m or more, more preferably 50 mN / m or more, and even more preferably 55 mN / m or more.
- a surface wetting tension preferably 40 mN / m or more, more preferably 50 mN / m or more, and even more preferably 55 mN / m or more.
- the surface wetting tension is in the above range, the adhesive strength between the optical filter and the polarizer is improved.
- corona discharge treatment, ozone spraying, ultraviolet irradiation, flame treatment, chemical treatment, and other known surface treatments can be performed.
- the phase difference (retardation) of the optical filter of the present invention will be described.
- the in-plane retardation value Ro at 589 nm of the optical filter of the present invention is preferably 0 to 20 nm, and more preferably 0 to 10 nm.
- the thickness direction retardation value Rth is preferably ⁇ 20 to 50 nm, more preferably ⁇ 10 to 20 nm.
- the retardation can be controlled by the retardation of the film before stretching, the stretching ratio, the stretching temperature, and the thickness of the stretched oriented film.
- the absolute value of the retardation tends to increase as the stretching ratio of the film increases. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a stretched oriented film having a desired retardation by changing the stretching ratio. it can.
- the thickness of the optical filter before stretching is preferably about 50 to 500 ⁇ m, and the thickness unevenness is preferably as small as possible, within ⁇ 8% over the entire surface, preferably within ⁇ 6%, more Preferably, it is within ⁇ 4%.
- the draw ratio is preferably 1.1 to 10 times, more preferably 1.3 to 8 times, and a desired retardation may be set within this range.
- the molecules are oriented by stretching, and can have a retardation having a desired size.
- the retardation variation is preferably as small as possible, and the optical filter according to the present invention has a retardation variation of 589 nm within ⁇ 50 nm for both in-plane and thickness direction retardation, preferably within ⁇ 30 nm, More preferably, it is as small as ⁇ 20 nm or less.
- Retardation in the in-plane and thickness direction of the retardation and thickness unevenness of the optical filter should be reduced by using the small unstretched film and applying the stress to the film evenly during stretching. Can do.
- Examples of the image display device of the present invention include a liquid crystal display device and an organic electroluminescence display device.
- the image display device of the present invention will be described by taking a liquid crystal display device (also referred to as “liquid crystal display device of the present invention”) which is a preferred embodiment as an example.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes at least one optical filter of the present invention.
- the optical filter of the present invention may be used as a polarizing plate protective film and / or an adhesive layer as described later, and may be included in a backlight unit used in a liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal display device preferably includes an optical filter, a polarizing plate including a polarizer and a polarizing plate protective film, an adhesive layer, and a liquid crystal cell.
- the polarizing plate is attached to the liquid crystal cell via the adhesive layer.
- the optical filter may also serve as a polarizing plate protective film or an adhesive layer. That is, the liquid crystal display device includes a polarizing plate including a polarizer and an optical filter (polarizing plate protective film), a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and a liquid crystal cell, and a polarizing plate including a polarizer and a polarizing plate protective film. It is divided into an optical filter (adhesive layer) and a liquid crystal cell.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- a liquid crystal display device 10 includes a liquid crystal cell having a liquid crystal layer 5 and a liquid crystal cell upper electrode substrate 3 and a liquid crystal cell lower electrode substrate 6 disposed above and below, and upper polarizing plates disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal cell. 1 and the lower polarizing plate 8.
- a color filter layer may be laminated on the upper electrode substrate 3 or the lower electrode substrate 6.
- a backlight is disposed on the back surface of the liquid crystal display device 10.
- the light source of the backlight is not particularly limited. For example, a light emitting device using a white LED can be used.
- the upper polarizing plate 1 and the lower polarizing plate 8 each have a structure in which a polarizer is sandwiched between two polarizing plate protective films, and the liquid crystal display device 10 of the present invention includes at least one polarizing plate. Is preferably a polarizing plate comprising the optical filter of the present invention.
- the liquid crystal display device 10 of the present invention the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate (the upper polarizing plate 1 and / or the lower polarizing plate 8) may be bonded to each other via an adhesive layer (not shown). .
- the optical filter of the present invention may also serve as the aforementioned pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- the liquid crystal display device 10 includes an image direct view type, an image projection type, or a light modulation type.
- the present invention is effective for an active matrix liquid crystal display device using a three-terminal or two-terminal semiconductor element such as TFT or MIM. Of course, it is also effective in a passive matrix liquid crystal display device typified by STN mode called time-division driving.
- the polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display device may be a normal polarizing plate (a polarizing plate not including the optical filter of the present invention), or the optical filter of the present invention.
- a polarizing plate containing The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be a normal pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (not the optical filter of the present invention) or a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed by the optical filter of the present invention.
- An IPS mode liquid crystal display device described in paragraphs 128 to 136 of JP 2010-102296 A is preferable as the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- the polarizing plate used in the present invention includes a polarizer and at least one polarizing plate protective film.
- the polarizing plate used in the present invention preferably has a polarizer and a polarizing plate protective film on both sides of the polarizer, and includes the optical filter of the present invention as a polarizing plate protective film on at least one surface.
- the film thickness of the polarizing plate protective film used in the present invention is 5 ⁇ m to 120 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- a thin film is preferable because display unevenness after high temperature and high humidity is less likely to occur when the film is incorporated in a liquid crystal display device. On the other hand, when it is too thin, it becomes difficult to convey stably at the time of film manufacture and polarizing plate preparation.
- the optical filter of the present invention also serves as a polarizing plate protective film, the thickness of the optical filter preferably satisfies the above range.
- the shape of the polarizing plate used in the present invention is not only a polarizing plate in the form of a film piece cut into a size that can be incorporated into a liquid crystal display device as it is, but also produced in a long shape by continuous production, and in a roll shape
- the polarizing plate of the aspect wound up in (For example, the aspect whose roll length is 2500 m or more or 3900 m or more) is also contained.
- the width of the polarizing plate is preferably 1470 mm or more.
- the polarizing plate used in the present invention is composed of a polarizer and at least one polarizing plate protective film, but it is also preferred that the polarizing plate is further bonded to the surface of one surface of the polarizing plate.
- the separate film is used for the purpose of protecting the polarizing plate at the time of shipping the polarizing plate and at the time of product inspection.
- the separate film is used for the purpose of covering the adhesive layer to be bonded to the liquid crystal plate, and is used on the surface side of the polarizing plate to be bonded to the liquid crystal plate.
- the polarizer used for the polarizing plate used in the present invention will be described.
- the polarizer that can be used in the polarizing plate used in the present invention is preferably composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and a dichroic molecule, but as described in JP-A-11-248937, PVA,
- a polyvinylene-type polarizer in which a polyene structure is produced by dehydrating and dechlorinating polyvinyl chloride and oriented can also be used.
- the film thickness before stretching of the polarizer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 1 mm, particularly preferably 5 to 200 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of film holding stability and stretching uniformity. Further, as described in JP-A No. 2002-236212, a thin PVA film in which the stress generated when stretching 4 to 6 times in water is 10 N or less may be used.
- the polarizing plate used in the present invention is produced by adhering (laminating) at least one polarizing plate protective film (preferably, the optical filter of the present invention) to at least one surface of the polarizer.
- the polarizing plate protective film is preferably prepared by a method in which a polarizing plate protective film is subjected to alkali treatment, and a polyvinyl alcohol film is immersed and stretched in an iodine solution and bonded to both surfaces using a completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution.
- Examples of the adhesive used for bonding the treated surface of the polarizing plate protective film and the polarizer include polyvinyl alcohol adhesives such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl butyral, vinyl latexes such as butyl acrylate, and the like. .
- the polarizing plate protective film used in the present invention is bonded to the polarizer so that the transmission axis of the polarizer and the slow axis of the polarizing plate protective film are substantially parallel, orthogonal or 45 °. It is preferable to bond them together.
- the measurement of the slow axis can be performed by various known methods, for example, using a birefringence meter (KOBRADH, manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).
- being substantially parallel means that the direction of the main refractive index nx of the polarizing plate protective film and the direction of the transmission axis of the polarizing plate intersect at an angle within ⁇ 5 °.
- the direction of the main refractive index nx and the direction of the transmission axis are orthogonal or 45 ° means that the angle at which the direction of the main refractive index nx and the direction of the transmission axis intersect is ⁇ 5 ° from the exact angle with respect to the orthogonal and 45 °.
- the error from the exact angle is preferably within a range of ⁇ 1 °, and more preferably within a range of ⁇ 0.5 °.
- the polarizing plate used in the present invention is a functional layer such as an antireflection film, a brightness enhancement film, a hard coat layer, a forward scattering layer, an antiglare (antiglare) layer, an antifouling layer, an antistatic layer, etc. It is also preferably used as a functionalized polarizing plate combined with an optical film having The antireflection film, brightness enhancement film, other functional optical film, hard coat layer, forward scattering layer, and antiglare layer for functionalization are described in JP-A-2007-86748, [0257] to [0276]. Thus, a functionalized polarizing plate can be created based on these descriptions.
- the polarizing plate is preferably bonded to the liquid crystal cell via an adhesive layer.
- the optical filter of the present invention may also serve as the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- an ordinary adhesive layer can be used as the adhesive layer.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited as long as the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell can be bonded together. For example, acrylic, urethane, polyisobutylene, and the like are preferable.
- this pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contains the dye and the binder, and further contains a cross-linking agent, a coupling agent, and the like, and is given tackiness.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer preferably contains 90 to 100% by mass of the binder, and preferably 95 to 100% by mass.
- the content of the pigment is as described above.
- the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m, and more preferably 3 to 30 ⁇ m.
- liquid crystal cell A liquid crystal cell is not specifically limited, A normal thing can be used.
- the solid-state imaging device of the present invention includes the above-described optical filter of the present invention.
- the configuration of the solid-state imaging device of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the configuration includes the optical filter of the present invention and functions as a solid-state imaging device. Since the solid-state imaging device of the present invention includes the optical filter (color filter) of the present invention having excellent weather resistance and contrast, the color tone and color reproducibility of the image are excellent over a long period of use.
- the configuration of the solid-state imaging device is not particularly limited as long as the configuration includes the color filter of the present invention and functions as a solid-state imaging device.
- the support has a light receiving element composed of a plurality of photodiodes and polysilicon constituting a light receiving area of a solid-state imaging device (CCD image sensor, CMOS image sensor, etc.), and the light receiving element forming surface side of the support (For example, a part other than the light receiving portion, a color adjustment pixel portion, or the like) or a configuration in which the color filter of the present invention is provided on the opposite side of the formation surface.
- the energy levels of HOMO and LUMO are shown in the table below for the Dye and Q 1 structural parts of the compounds A-1 to A-19 and B-1 to B-23 synthesized above.
- the unit of energy level is eV.
- ⁇ 2.29 means that it is smaller than ⁇ 2.29 eV (the numerical value as an absolute value is larger than 2.29).
- Example 1 ⁇ Material> (Resin 1) Commercially available polystyrene (PS Japan, SGP-10, Tg: 100 ° C.) was heated at 110 ° C. and returned to room temperature (23 ° C.) before use. (Base film 1) A commercially available polyethylene terephthalate film, Lumirror (R) S105 (film thickness 38 ⁇ m, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) was used as the substrate 1.
- the obtained resin solution S-1 was filtered through a filter paper (# 63, manufactured by Toyo Roshi Kaisha, Ltd.) with an absolute filtration accuracy of 10 ⁇ m, and further a sintered metal filter (FH025, manufactured by Pall) with an absolute filtration accuracy of 2.5 ⁇ m. Filtered through.
- the filtered resin solution S-1 is applied onto the base film 1 using a bar coater so that the film thickness after drying is 5.0 ⁇ m, and dried at 100 ° C. Produced.
- Examples 2 to 21, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 Optical filters of Examples 2 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were prepared in the same manner as Example 1 except that the dyes used in Example 1 and the amounts thereof were as shown in the table below. The thickness of each optical filter was also the same as in Example 1. The dyes used in the comparative examples are shown below.
- the absorbance in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 800 nm of the optical filters of each Example and Comparative Example was measured every 1 nm using a UV3150 spectrophotometer manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
- the absorbance difference between the absorbance at each wavelength of the optical filter and the absorbance of the filter containing no dye was calculated, and the wavelength at which the absorbance difference was maximum was defined as the absorption maximum wavelength.
- the resin in the hot melt state remaining in the extruder was discharged from the tip of the extruder and pelletized by a pelletizer to obtain (meth) acrylic resin A.
- the acrylic resin A has a lactone ring structure. This resin had a weight average molecular weight of 110,000 and a glass transition temperature of 125 ° C.
- outer polarizing plate protective film 100 parts by mass of the (meth) acrylic resin A and 10 parts by mass of the rubber elastic body C-1 are supplied to a biaxial extruder, melt extruded into a sheet at about 280 ° C., and have a length of 40 ⁇ m. A scale-shaped outer polarizing plate protective film was prepared. In addition, Kane Ace M-210 (manufactured by Kaneka Corporation) was used as the rubber elastic body C-1.
- a polarizing layer and the surface-treated optical filter are polarized using a 3% by weight aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., PVA-117H) so that the corona-treated surface of the optical filter is on the polarizing layer side.
- the layers were laminated by roll-to-roll so that the absorption axis of the layer was parallel to the longitudinal direction of the optical filter.
- the adhesive M having the following composition was applied to the outer polarizing plate protective film using a micro gravure coater (gravure roll: # 300, rotational speed 140% / line speed) to a thickness of 5 ⁇ m, It was set as the front polarizing plate protective film with an adhesive agent.
- the front polarizing plate protective film with adhesive and the polarizing layer, the surface of the front polarizing plate protective film with adhesive with the adhesive, and the surface of the polarizing layer without the optical filter Were bonded together and irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the optical filter side to produce a polarizing plate.
- the line speed was 20 m / min, and the cumulative amount of ultraviolet light was 300 mJ / cm 2 .
- the base film of the optical filter is continuously peeled using the same device as the separator peeling device having a peeling roller, and a commercially available acrylate adhesive is applied to the peeling surface.
- a polarizing plate adheresive / optical filter / polarizing layer / outer polarizing plate protective film
- the polarization degree of the obtained polarizing plate (5 cm ⁇ 5 cm) was measured.
- a polarizing plate was pasted on the glass via an adhesive so that the optical filter was on the glass side.
- This sample was set in an automatic polarizing film measuring device VAP-7070 manufactured by JASCO Corporation with the glass side of the sample facing the light source, and orthogonal transmittance and parallel transmittance in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 700 nm were measured.
- the degree of polarization is calculated by calculating the polarization degree spectrum from the measured values of the orthogonal transmittance and the parallel transmittance according to the following formula, and further calculating the weighted average of the light source (auxiliary illuminant C) and the CIE visibility (Y). did.
- Polarization degree (%) [(parallel transmittance ⁇ orthogonal transmittance) / (orthogonal transmittance + parallel transmittance)] 1/2 ⁇ 100 The results are shown in the table below.
- the squarylium dye E-1 used in Comparative Example 1 is a compound having a structure corresponding to the dye compound Dye used in Examples 1 to 9. It turns out that the filter of this comparative example 1 reduces the polarization degree of a polarizing plate. This is because E-1 emits fluorescence due to light absorption and depolarization occurs. In addition, the dye E-1 was inferior in light resistance, and unevenness was observed on the filter surface formed using the dye E-1. Moreover, the trend is also blended with Q 1 equivalent of the compound in addition to the dye E-1, significant improvement was observed (Comparative Example 2). In contrast, the filters of Examples 1 to 10 using the dye compound defined in the present invention can realize a higher degree of polarization than Comparative Example 1, have excellent light resistance, and cause unevenness and crystal precipitation. It was not observed and showed an excellent surface shape.
- the dye compound E-2 used in Comparative Example 3 is a compound having a structure corresponding to Dye of the dye compound used in Examples 11 to 20. It turns out that the filter of this comparative example 3 reduces the polarization degree of a polarizing plate. In addition, the dye E-2 was inferior in light resistance, and unevenness was observed on the filter surface formed using the dye E-2. Moreover, the trend is also blended with Q 1 equivalent of the compound in addition to the dye E-2, significant improvement was observed (Comparative Example 4). Further, it was also found that when the compound corresponding to Q1 was bonded to Dye with a single bond, the polarization degree of the polarizing plate was lowered and the light resistance was low (Comparative Example 5).
- the filters of Examples 11 to 21 using the dye compound defined in the present invention can realize a higher degree of polarization than those of Comparative Examples 3 to 5, have excellent light resistance, and exhibit unevenness and crystals. Precipitation was not observed and an excellent surface shape was shown.
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Abstract
Description
液晶表示装置は、画像を表示する液晶パネル自体は発光をしない非発光型素子である。そのため、液晶パネルの背面にはバックライトユニットが配置されて液晶パネルに光が供給される。
そこで本発明は、白色LED等から発せられる不要な波長の光のような、目的の特定波長の光を遮断することができ、蛍光発光も効果的に抑えることができ、また耐光性にも優れる膜及び光学フィルター、これらの膜及び光学フィルターの構成材料として好適な樹脂組成物、並びに、上記光学フィルターを備えた画像表示装置及び固体撮像素子を提供することを課題とする。また本発明は、上記樹脂組成物の光吸収成分として好適な化合物を提供することを課題とする。
(a)特定のスクアリリウム色素構造部を有し、さらに、
(b)最高被占軌道(HOMO)と最低空軌道(LUMO)のエネルギー準位差が一定以上あり、かつ、HOMOエネルギー準位及び/又はLUMOエネルギー準位の絶対値が上記のスクアリリウム色素構造部における対応する軌道のエネルギー準位の絶対値よりも低い構造部を有し、
これら(a)と(b)の各構造部が2価の連結基で連結された構造の化合物と、樹脂とを含む組成物により光学フィルターを形成した場合に、この光学フィルターは、目的の特定波長の光を上記化合物のスクアリリウム色素構造部が特異的に吸収して遮断でき、また、光吸収により励起されたスクアリリウム色素構造部からの蛍光発光も効果的に抑えることができ、さらに耐光性にも優れた光学フィルターが得られることを見出した。
本発明はこれらの知見に基づきさらに検討を重ね、完成されるに至ったものである。
〔1〕
下記一般式(1)で表される化合物と樹脂とを含む樹脂組成物。
一般式(2)中、A及びBはアリール基、複素環基、又は-CH=Gを示す。Gは複素環基を示す。
Q1は、下記(i)及び(ii)を満たす構造部を示す。
(i)最高被占軌道と最低空軌道とのエネルギー準位差が2.9eV以上。
(ii)最低空軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値がDyeの最低空軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値よりも小さいか、又は、最高被占軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値がDyeの最高被占軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値よりも小さい。
L1は、Q1との連結部がアルキレン基で構成される2価の連結基であるか、又は、Q1が有する脂肪族環の環構成炭素原子と直接結合する2価の連結基である。
n1は1~4の整数である。
〔2〕
上記Q1が下記一般式(5)~(13)のいずれかで表される化合物から水素原子を1つ除いた構造部を示す、〔1〕記載の樹脂組成物。
R5~R20、R22、R23、R25~R27、R30~R36、R37a~R37e、R38~R42は水素原子又は置換基を示す。
R21及びR24は、水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基又は複素環基を示す。ただし、R21及びR24として水素原子を採る場合、Q1は、この水素原子が取り除かれた窒素原子で連結基L1と結合する。
X1は酸素原子、硫黄原子、又は炭素原子を示し、nは1~3の整数である。
〔3〕
上記一般式(2)中、Aが複素環基である、〔1〕又は〔2〕記載の樹脂組成物。
〔4〕
上記Dyeが、下記一般式(3)で表される化合物から水素原子をn1個除いた色素構造部を示す、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれか記載の樹脂組成物。
R3及びR4は水素原子又は置換基を示す。Bは上記一般式(2)におけるBと同じである。
〔5〕
上記樹脂が、ポリスチレン樹脂、セルロースアシレート樹脂、アクリル樹脂、シクロオレフィン樹脂の少なくとも1種である、〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれか記載の樹脂組成物。
〔6〕
〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれか記載の樹脂組成物を含む膜。
〔7〕
〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれか記載の樹脂組成物を含む光学フィルター。
〔8〕
〔7〕記載の光学フィルターを含む画像表示装置。
〔9〕
〔7〕記載の光学フィルターを含む固体撮像素子。
〔10〕
下記一般式(1A)で表される化合物。
Q1は、下記(i)及び(ii)を満たす構造部を示す。
(i)最高被占軌道と最低空軌道とのエネルギー準位差が2.9eV以上。
(ii)最低空軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値がDyeの最低空軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値よりも小さいか、又は、最高被占軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値がDyeの最高被占軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値よりも小さい。
L1は、Q1との連結部がアルキレン基で構成される2価の連結基であるか、又は、Q1が有する脂肪族環の環構成炭素原子と直接結合する2価の連結基である。
n1は1~4の整数である。
〔11〕
上記Dye1が、下記一般式(3)で表される化合物から水素原子をn1個除いた色素構造部を示す、〔10〕記載の化合物。
R3及びR4は水素原子又は置換基を示す。Bは前記一般式(2A)におけるBと同じである。
本発明の樹脂組成物は、特定構造の色素化合物と、バインダーとしての樹脂とを含有してなる。上記色素化合物は、可視光の特定波長領域に吸収をもつスクアリリウム色素の構造部と、このスクアリリウム色素構造部が光吸収により励起された際にその蛍光発光を抑制する構造部とが、特定の連結構造で連結してなる。本発明の樹脂組成物は、本発明の光学フィルター(色素化合物と樹脂を含むフィルター)の構成材料として好適である。
本発明の樹脂組成物に用いる色素化合物は、下記一般式(1)で表される。
一般式(1)においてL1は、上記の通り2価の連結基であり、単結合ではない。DyeとQ1とが単結合で連結された形態だと、Q1がDyeの色相に影響する場合があり好ましくない。
L1として、又はL1の一部として採りうるアルキレン基としては、炭素数が1~20の範囲にある基であれば特に制限されない。また、L1として、又はL1の一部として採りうるアリーレン基及び複素環基としては、一般式(2)中のAとして採りうる炭素数が6~20のアリール基として例示した各基から更に水素原子を1つ除去した基、及び、上記Aとして採りうる複素環基として例示した各基から更に水素原子を1つ除去した基が挙げられる。Rとして採りうる置換基は、特に制限されず、一般式(2)中のAが有していてもよい置換基Xと同義である。
L1は、置換基を1つ又は複数有していてもよい。L1が有していてもよい置換基としては、特に制限されず、例えば上記置換基Xと同義である。L1が置換基を複数有する場合、隣接する原子に結合する置換基が互いに結合して更に環構造を形成してもよい。
(i)最高被占軌道(HOMO)と最低空軌道(LUMO)とのエネルギー準位差が2.9eV以上。
(ii)LUMOのエネルギー準位の絶対値が上記DyeにおけるLUMOのエネルギー準位の絶対値よりも小さく、及び/又は、HOMOのエネルギー準位の絶対値が上記DyeにおけるHOMOのエネルギー準位の絶対値よりも小さい。
また、Q1におけるHOMOのエネルギー準位の絶対値が、上記DyeにおけるHOMOのエネルギー準位の絶対値よりも小さい場合は、励起によって一つ電子が空いたDyeのHOMOに、Q1のHOMOから電子が移動し、DyeのHOMOが埋まり安定化される。その結果、Dyeの励起によりLUMOに移動していた電子は、Q1のLUMOへと移動する。すなわち、Dyeの励起によりLUMOへと移動した電子がDyeのHOMOへ直接戻る現象を効果的に抑えることができ、Dyeの蛍光発光を抑えることが可能となる。
ただし、上記の蛍光発光抑制のメカニズムはあくまで推定に過ぎず、本発明は上記メカニズムに限定されるものではない。
一の形態は、L1を挟んでDyeと向き合う構造部であって、L1が有するアルキレン基と結合し、かつ上記(i)及び(ii)を満たす形態である。換言すれば、L1を挟んでDyeと向き合う構造部において、この構造部の末端からDyeに向けた構造中にアルキレン基が介在し、L1を挟んでDyeと向き合う構造部の末端からこのアルキレン基の手前までの構造部全体が上記(i)及び(ii)を満たす場合、このアルキレン基はL1を構成することになる(すなわち、このアルキレン基の手前でQ1の構造は途切れる。)。
例えば、化合物A-1を例にとると、右端のメトキシ基からフェニレン基、次いでエーテル基までの構造部はエチレン基(アルキレン基)と結合し、かつ上記(i)及び(ii)も満たすから、Q1である。
上記説明に則れば、化合物A-1においてDye、L1、及びQ1に相当する各構造は次のようになる。本明細書において*は連結部位を示す。
本発明においてQ1の決定に当たっては、L1を挟んでDyeと向き合う構造部が脂肪族環を有する場合には、この構造部が、L1が有するアルキレン基と結合する構造を有していても、上記の「Q1の別の形態」で説明したQ1の決定方法を優先するものとする。
Q1についても同様に、Q1とL1との連結部位をメチル基に置き換えた構造を想定し、このメチル基に置き換えた構造の化合物におけるHOMO及びLUMOのエネルギー準位を、Q1におけるHOMO及びLUMOのエネルギー準位として定義する。
なお、上記では連結部位をメチル基に置き換えるとしているが、実際は、メチル基でなくても、炭素数1~4程度のアルキル基等であれば、HOMO及びLUMOの値には影響しない。すなわち、連結部位をメチル基に置き換えるのに代えて、連結部位を例えばエチル基又はプロピル基等に置き換えた化合物のHOMO及びLUMOを、DyeないしQ1のHOMO及びLUMOとしても実質的に問題はない。
本発明において、Dye及びQ1のHOMOとLUMOのエネルギー準位差は、Dye及びQ1の連結部位をメチル基に置き換えた各化合物の、蛍光スペクトルと吸収スペクトルの交点から求めることができる。
また、DyeのHOMOとLUMOの各エネルギー準位は、Dyeの連結部位をメチル基に置き換えた化合物について、サイクリックボルタメトリーを用いて酸化電位を測定し、得られた値をHOMOのエネルギー準位とし、エネルギー準位差からDyeのLUMOを求めることができる。
また、Q1のHOMOとLUMOの各エネルギー準位は、Q1の連結部位をメチル基に置き換えた化合物について、サイクリックボルタメトリーを用いて酸化電位又は還元電位のいずれか一方を測定し、酸化電位を測定した場合は得られた値をHOMOのエネルギー準位とし、還元電位を測定した場合は得られた値をLUMOのエネルギー準位とし、他方のエネルギー準位はエネルギー準位差から求めることができる。
一般式(1)におけるDyeは、下記一般式(2)で表される化合物から水素原子をn1個除いた構造からなる色素構造部を示す。水素原子が除かれた部分はL1との結合部となる。
このDyeから水素原子を取り除く態様は、特に制限されず、一般式(2)のA又はBとして採りうるアリール基若しくは複素環基が有する水素原子(アリール基又は複素環基の環構造を構成する原子に直接結合している水素原子)であってもよく、アリール基若しくは複素環基に結合している置換基が有する水素原子であってもよい。
一般式(2)において、AとBは同一であっても、異なっていてもよい。また、Aは複素環基であることが好ましい。こうすることによって、酸化電位がより深くなり、耐光性が良化する。
置換基Xとしては、例えば、後述する一般式(4)のR1として採りうる置換基が挙げられ、具体的には、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アラルキル基、-OR10a、-COR11a、-COOR12a、-OCOR13a、-NR14aR15a、-NHCOR16a、-CONR17aR18a、-NHCONR19aR20a、-NHCOOR21a、-SR22a、-SO2R23a、-SO3R24a、-NHSO2R25a又はSO2NR26aR27aが挙げられる。
なお、-COOR12aのR12aが水素原子である場合(すなわち、カルボキシ基)は、水素原子が解離してもよく(すなわち、カルボネート基)、塩の状態であってもよい。また、-SO3R24aのR24aが水素原子である場合(すなわち、スルホ基)は、水素原子が解離してもよく(すなわち、スルホネート基)、塩の状態であってもよい。
Xとして採りうるアルキル基の炭素数は、1~20が好ましく、1~15がより好ましく、1~8が更に好ましい。アルケニル基の炭素数は、2~20が好ましく、2~12がより好ましく、2~8が更に好ましい。アルキニル基の炭素数は、2~40が好ましく、2~30がより好ましく、2~25が特に好ましい。アルキル基、アルケニル基及びアルキニル基は、それぞれ、直鎖、分岐、環状のいずれでもよく、直鎖又は分岐が好ましい。
アリール基は、単環又は縮合環の基を含む。アリール基の炭素数は、6~30が好ましく、6~20がより好ましく、6~12が更に好ましい。
アラルキル基(アルキル置換アリール基)のアルキル部分は、上記アルキル基と同様である。アラルキル基のアリール部分は、上記アリール基と同様である。アラルキル基の炭素数は、7~40が好ましく、7~30がより好ましく、7~25が更に好ましい。
ヘテロアリール基は、単環又は縮合環からなる基を含み、単環、又は環数が2~8個の縮合環からなる基が好ましく、単環又は環数が2~4個の縮合環からなる基がより好ましい。ヘテロアリール基の環を構成するヘテロ原子の数は1~3が好ましい。ヘテロアリール基の環を構成するヘテロ原子は、窒素原子、酸素原子又は硫黄原子等が挙げられる。ヘテロアリール基は、5員環又は6員環からなる基が好ましい。ヘテロアリール基の環を構成する炭素原子の数は3~30が好ましく、3~18がより好ましく、3~12がより好ましい。ヘテロアリール基としては、例えば、ピリジン環、ピペリジン環、フラン環基、フルフラン環、チオフェン環、ピロール環、キノリン環、モルホリン環、インドール環、イミダゾール環、ピラゾール環、カルバゾール環、フェノチアジン環、フェノキサジン環、インドリン環、チアゾール環、ピラジン環、チアジアジン環、ベンゾキノリン環又はチアジアゾール環からなる各基が挙げられる。
ただし、R3として採りうる置換基は、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アミノ基、アミド基、スルホニルアミド基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、ヘテロ環基、アルコキシカルボニル基、カルバモイル基又はハロゲン原子が好ましく、アルキル基、アリール基又はアミノ基がより好ましく、アルキル基が更に好ましい。
R4として採りうる置換基としては、アルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、ヘテロ環基、アルコキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アシル基、アシルオキシ基、アミド基、カルバモイル基、アミノ基又はシアノ基が好ましく、アルキル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アシル基、カルバモイル基又はアリール基がより好ましく、アルキル基が更に好ましい。
R3として採りうるアルキル基の炭素数は1~18が好ましく、1~12がより好ましく、1~6が最も好ましい。その例として、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピル、t-ブチル、2-メチルブチル、2-エチルヘキシル、t-ペンチル、ネオペンチル、3,5,5-トリメチルヘキシル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、ヘキシル、オクチル、1-シクロヘキシルエチル、1-シクロヘキシルプロピル、ジシクロヘキシルメチル、デシル、ドデシル、ヘキシルデシル、ヘキシルオクチルなどが挙げられ、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピル、t-ブチル、2-メチルブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル又はヘキシルが好ましい。
R4として採りうるアルキル基の炭素数は1~24が好ましく、3~18がより好ましい。アルキル基の例としては、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピル、t-ブチル、2-メチルブチル、2-エチルヘキシル、t-ペンチル、ネオペンチル、3,5,5-トリメチルヘキシル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、ヘキシル、オクチル、1-シクロヘキシルエチル、1-シクロヘキシルプロピル、ジシクロヘキシルメチル、デシル、ドデシル、ヘキシルデシル、ヘキシルオクチルなどが挙げられ、イソプロピル、t-ブチル、t-ペンチル、ネオペンチル、シクロヘキシル、ジシクロヘキシルメチル又は2-エチルヘキシルが好ましい。
更にアルキル基は置換基を有していてもよく、例えばその置換基としては、上述の置換基Xとして採りうる基の中から任意に選ぶことができる。
R1及びR2として採りうる置換基としては、特に制限はないが、例えば、アルキル基(メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、t-ブチル基、イソブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、オクチル基、ドデシル基、トリフルオロメチル基等)、シクロアルキル基(シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等)、アルケニル基(ビニル基、アリル基等)、アルキニル基(エチニル基、プロパルギル基等)、アリール基(フェニル基、ナフチル基等)、ヘテロアリール基(フリル基、チエニル基、ピリジル基、ピリダジル基、ピリミジル基、ピラジル基、トリアジル基、イミダゾリル基、ピラゾリル基、チアゾリル基、ベンゾイミダゾリル基、ベンゾオキサゾリル基、ベンゾチアゾリル基、キナゾリル基、フタラジル基等)、ヘテロ環基(複素環基とも呼び、例えば、ピロリジル基、イミダゾリジル基、モルホリル基、オキサゾリジル基等)、アルコキシ基(メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロピルオキシ基等)、シクロアルコキシ基(シクロペンチルオキシ基、シクロヘキシルオキシ基等)、アリールオキシ基(フェノキシ基、ナフチルオキシ基等)、ヘテロアリールオキシ基(芳香族ヘテロ環オキシ基)、アルキルチオ基(メチルチオ基、エチルチオ基、プロピルチオ基等)、シクロアルキルチオ基(シクロペンチルチオ基、シクロヘキシルチオ基等)、アリールチオ基(フェニルチオ基、ナフチルチオ基等)、ヘテロアリールチオ基(芳香族ヘテロ環チオ基)、アルコキシカルボニル基(メチルオキシカルボニル基、エチルオキシカルボニル基、ブチルオキシカルボニル基、オクチルオキシカルボニル基等)、アリールオキシカルボニル基(フェニルオキシカルボニル基、ナフチルオキシカルボニル基等)、ホスホリル基(ジメトキシホスホニル、ジフェニルホスホリル)、スルファモイル基(アミノスルホニル基、メチルアミノスルホニル基、ジメチルアミノスルホニル基、ブチルアミノスルホニル基、シクロヘキシルアミノスルホニル基、オクチルアミノスルホニル基、フェニルアミノスルホニル基、2-ピリジルアミノスルホニル基等)、アシル基(アセチル基、エチルカルボニル基、プロピルカルボニル基、シクロヘキシルカルボニル基、オクチルカルボニル基、2-エチルヘキシルカルボニル基、フェニルカルボニル基、ナフチルカルボニル基、ピリジルカルボニル基等)、アシルオキシ基(アセチルオキシ基、エチルカルボニルオキシ基、ブチルカルボニルオキシ基、オクチルカルボニルオキシ基、フェニルカルボニルオキシ基等)、アシルアミノ基(アセチルアミノ基、エチルカルボニルアミノ基、ブチルカルボニルアミノ基、オクチルカルボニルアミノ基、フェニルカルボニルアミノ基等)、アミド基(メチルカルボニルアミノ基、エチルカルボニルアミノ基、ジメチルカルボニルアミノ基、プロピルカルボニルアミノ基、ペンチルカルボニルアミノ基、シクロヘキシルカルボニルアミノ基、2-エチルヘキシルカルボニルアミノ基、オクチルカルボニルアミノ基、ドデシルカルボニルアミノ基、フェニルカルボニルアミノ基、ナフチルカルボニルアミノ基等)、スルホニルアミド基(メチルスルホニルアミノ基、オクチルスルホニルアミノ基、2-エチルヘキシルスルホニルアミノ基、トリフルオロメチルスルホニルアミノ基等)、カルバモイル基(アミノカルボニル基、メチルアミノカルボニル基、ジメチルアミノカルボニル基、プロピルアミノカルボニル基、ペンチルアミノカルボニル基、シクロヘキシルアミノカルボニル基、オクチルアミノカルボニル基、2-エチルヘキシルアミノカルボニル基、ドデシルアミノカルボニル基、フェニルアミノカルボニル基、ナフチルアミノカルボニル基、2-ピリジルアミノカルボニル基等)、ウレイド基(メチルウレイド基、エチルウレイド基、ペンチルウレイド基、シクロヘキシルウレイド基、オクチルウレイド基、ドデシルウレイド基、フェニルウレイド基、ナフチルウレイド基、2-ピリジルアミノウレイド基等)、アルキルスルホニル基(メチルスルホニル基、エチルスルホニル基、ブチルスルホニル基、シクロヘキシルスルホニル基、2-エチルヘキシルスルホニル基等)、アリールスルホニル基(フェニルスルホニル基、ナフチルスルホニル基、2-ピリジルスルホニル基等)、アミノ基(アミノ基、エチルアミノ基、ジメチルアミノ基、ブチルアミノ基、ジブチルアミノ基、シクロペンチルアミノ基、2-エチルヘキシルアミノ基、ドデシルアミノ基、アニリノ基、ナフチルアミノ基、2-ピリジルアミノ基等)、アルキルスルホニルオキシ基(メタンスルホニルオキシ)、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ハロゲン原子(フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子等)、ヒドロキシ基、スルホ基、カルボキシ基等が挙げられる。
中でも、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基又はへテロアリール基が好ましく、アルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基がより好ましく、アルキル基が更に好ましい。
B1~B4として採りうる炭素原子は、水素原子又は置換基を有する。B1~B4として採りうる炭素原子のうち、置換基を有する炭素原子の数は、特に制限されないが、0、1又は2であることが好ましく、1であることがより好ましい。特に、B1及びB4が炭素原子であって、少なくとも一方が置換基を有することが好ましい。
B1~B4として採りうる炭素原子が有する置換基としては、特に制限されず、R1及びR2として採りうる上記置換基が挙げられる。中でも、好ましくは、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基、アシル基、アミド基、アシルアミノ基、スルホニルアミド基、カルバモイル基、アルキルスルホニル基、アリールスルホニル基、アミノ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ハロゲン原子又はヒドロキシ基であり、より好ましくは、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基、アシル基、アミド基、アシルアミノ基、スルホニルアミド基、カルバモイル基、アミノ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ハロゲン原子又はヒドロキシ基である。
B2及びB3として採りうる炭素原子が有する置換基としては、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アシル基、アミノ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基又はハロゲン原子が更に好ましく、いずれか一方の置換基が電子吸引性基(例えば、アルコキシカルボニル基、アシル基、シアノ基、ニトロ基又はハロゲン原子)であることが特に好ましい。
下記具体例において、Meはメチル、Etはエチル、Phはフェニルをそれぞれ示す。
一般式(1)におけるQ1の好ましい構造は、下記一般式(5)~(13)のいずれかで表される化合物から水素原子を1つ除いた構造からなる構造部位である。水素原子が除かれた部分はL1との結合部となる。
下記の各一般式で表される化合物から水素原子を取り除く態様は、特に制限されず、各一般式中の符号R(R5~R20、R22、R23、R25~R27、R30~R36、R37a~R37e、R38~R42)として採りうる水素原子であってもよく、R5~R27、R30~R36、R37a~R37e、及びR38~R42がさらに有し得る各置換基が有する水素原子であってもよい。
R21及びR24として採りうるアルキル基及びアリール基は、一般式(4)のR1として採りうる、アルキル基及びアリール基と同義である。R21及びR24として採りうる複素環基は、ヘテロアリール基及びヘテロ環基を包含し、これらの基はR1として採りうるヘテロアリール基及びヘテロ環基と同義である。
nは1~3の整数であり、好ましくは1である。
下記具体例において、Meはメチル、Etはエチルをそれぞれ示す。
本発明の樹脂組成物に用いる、一般式(1)で表される化合物の含有量は、後述するバインダー樹脂100質量部に対して0.005質量部以上5質量部以下が好ましく、0.01質量部以上3質量部以下がより好ましく、さらに好ましくは0.1質量部以上1.5質量部以下である。
光学フィルターが色素を2種以上含む場合は、上記含有量はこれらの合計含有量とする。
なお、本発明の光学フィルターが後述する、偏光板保護フィルム又は粘着剤層を兼ねる場合においての、一般式(1)で表される化合物の含有量も上記範囲であればよい。
本発明の樹脂組成物は、樹脂(バインダー)を含有する(バインダーはポリマーに加えて任意の慣用成分を含んでいてもよい。以下、「バインダー樹脂」ということがある)。本発明で用いる樹脂は透明であることが好ましい。ここで樹脂が透明であるとは、厚み1mmの試験片を形成して測定した全光線透過率が、通常70%以上、好ましくは80%以上、より好ましくは90%以上である樹脂をいう。本発明の樹脂組成物のバインダーとして用いられる樹脂としてはポリスチレン樹脂、シクロオレフィン系樹脂、セルロースアシレート樹脂、及びアクリル樹脂を挙げることができ、これは光学フィルターとして用いられる通常のものを適用することができる。その中でも、蛍光量子収率をより低減する観点から、ポリスチレン樹脂又はシクロオレフィン系樹脂が好ましく、ポリスチレン樹脂が特に好ましい。
本発明に用いる樹脂として好ましい、ポリスチレン樹脂とシクロオレフィン系樹脂について、好ましい形態を説明する。
ポリスチレン樹脂に含まれるポリスチレンとしては、スチレン成分を50質量%以上含む樹脂を意味する。本発明には、ポリスチレンを1種のみ用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。ここで、スチレン成分とは、その構造中にスチレン骨格を有する単量体由来の構成単位である。
ポリスチレンは、樹脂組成物ないし光学フィルターを好ましい光弾性係数に制御し、且つ好ましい吸湿性に制御する目的で、スチレン成分を70質量%以上含むことがより好ましく、85質量%以上含むことがさらに好ましい。また、ポリスチレンはスチレン成分のみから構成されていることも好ましい。
また、上記ポリスチレンは水素添加されていてもよい(水添ポリスチレンであってもよい)。上記水添ポリスチレンとしては、特に限定されないが、SBSやSISに水素を添加した樹脂である水添スチレン-ブタジエン-スチレンブロック共重合体(SEBS)、水添スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体(SEPS)等の水素添加されたスチレン-ジエン系共重合体が好ましい。上記水添ポリスチレンは、1種のみを使用してもよいし、2種以上を使用してもよい。
ポリスチレン樹脂は、公知のアニオン、塊状、懸濁、乳化又は溶液重合方法により得ることができる。また、ポリスチレン樹脂においては、共役ジエンやスチレン単量体のベンゼン環の不飽和二重結合が水素添加されていてもよい。水素添加率は核磁気共鳴装置(NMR)によって測定できる。
ポリスチレン樹脂としては、市販品を用いても良く、例えば、電気化学工業(株)製「クリアレン 530L」、「クリアレン 730L」、旭化成(株)製「タフプレン 126S」、「アサプレン T411」、クレイトンポリマージャパン(株)製「クレイトン D1102A」、「クレイトン D1116A」、スタイロルーション社製「スタイロルクス S」、「スタイロルクス T」、旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製、「アサフレックス 840」、「アサフレックス 860」(以上、SBS)、PSジャパン(株)製「679」、「HF77」、「SGP-10」、DIC(株)製「ディックスチレン XC-515」、「ディックスチレン XC-535」(以上、GPPS)、PSジャパン(株)製「475D」、「H0103」、「HT478」、DIC(株)製「ディックスチレン GH-8300-5」(以上、HIPS)などが挙げられる。水添ポリスチレン系樹脂としては、例えば、旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製「タフテックHシリーズ」、シェルジャパン(株)製「クレイトンGシリーズ」(以上、SEBS)、JSR(株)製「ダイナロン」(水添スチレン-ブタジエンランダム共重合体)、(株)クラレ製「セプトン」(SEPS)などが挙げられる。また、変性ポリスチレン系樹脂としては、例えば、旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製「タフテックMシリーズ」、(株)ダイセル製「エポフレンド」、JSR(株)製「極性基変性ダイナロン」、東亞合成(株)製「レゼダ」などが挙げられる。
シクロオレフィン系樹脂に含まれるシクロオレフィン系ポリマー(環状ポリオレフィンともいう。)を形成する環状オレフィン化合物としては、炭素-炭素二重結合を含む環構造を持つ化合物であれば特に制限されず、例えば、ノルボルネン化合物、ノルボルネン化合物以外の、単環の環状オレフィン化合物、環状共役ジエン化合物又はビニル脂環式炭化水素化合物等が挙げられる。
シクロオレフィン系樹脂に含まれるシクロオレフィン系ポリマーとしては、例えば、(1)ノルボルネン化合物に由来する構造単位を含む重合体、(2)ノルボルネン化合物以外の、単環の環状オレフィン化合物に由来する構造単位を含む重合体、(3)環状共役ジエン化合物に由来する構造単位を含む重合体、(4)ビニル脂環式炭化水素化合物に由来する構造単位を含む重合体、及び、(1)~(4)の各化合物に由来する構造単位を含む重合体の水素化物等が挙げられる。本発明において、ノルボルネン化合物に由来する構造単位を含む重合体、及び、単環の環状オレフィン化合物に由来する構造単位を含む重合体には、各化合物の開環重合体を含む。
R3~R6は、各々独立に、水素原子又は炭素数1~10の炭化水素基を表す。
本発明において、炭化水素基は、炭素原子と水素原子からなる基であれば特に制限されず、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アリール基(芳香族炭化水素基)等が挙げられる。中でも、アルキル基又はアリール基が好ましい。
X2及びX3、Y2及びY3は、各々独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~10の炭化水素基、ハロゲン原子、ハロゲン原子で置換された炭素数1~10の炭化水素基、-(CH2)nCOOR11、-(CH2)nOCOR12、-(CH2)nNCO、-(CH2)nNO2、-(CH2)nCN、-(CH2)nCONR13R14、-(CH2)nNR13R14、-(CH2)nOZ、-(CH2)nW、又は、X2とY2若しくはX3とY3が互いに結合して形成する、(-CO)2O若しくは(-CO)2NR15を表す。
ここで、R11~R15は、各々独立に、水素原子又は炭素数1~20の炭化水素基を表し、Zは炭化水素基又はハロゲンで置換された炭化水素基を表し、WはSi(R16)pD(3-p)(R16は炭素数1~10の炭化水素基を表し、Dはハロゲン原子、-OCOR17又は-OR17(R17は炭素数1~10の炭化水素基)を表す。pは0~3の整数である)を表す。nは、0~10の整数であり、0~8が好ましく、0~6がより好ましい。
X2及びX3は、それぞれ、水素原子、-CH3、-C2H5が好ましく、透湿度の点で、水素原子が更に好ましい。
Y2及びY3は、それぞれ、水素原子、ハロゲン原子(特に塩素原子)又は-(CH2)nCOOR11(特に-COOCH3)が好ましく、透湿度の点で、水素原子が更に好ましい。
その他の基は、適宜に選択される。
ここで、R11~R15は、各々独立に、水素原子又は炭素数1~20の炭化水素基を表し、Zは炭化水素基又はハロゲンで置換された炭化水素基を表し、WはSi(R16)pD(3-p)(R16は炭素数1~10の炭化水素基を表し、Dはハロゲン原子、-OCOR17又は-OR17(R17は炭素数1~10の炭化水素基)を表す。pは0~3の整数である)を表す。nは0~10の整数を示す。
ノルボルネン化合物の重合体としては、ノルボルネン化合物(例えば、ノルボルネンの多環状不飽和化合物)同士を付加重合することによって得られる。
このようなノルボルネン化合物の付加(共)重合体としては、三井化学社よりアペルの商品名で発売されており、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が互いに異なる、例えば、APL8008T(Tg70℃)、APL6011T(Tg105℃)、APL6013T(Tg125℃)、又は、APL6015T(Tg145℃)等が挙げられる。また、ポリプラスチック社より、TOPAS8007、同6013、同6015等のペレットが市販されている。更に、Ferrania社よりAppear3000が市販されている。
バインダー樹脂は2種以上であってもよく、組成比及び/又は分子量が異なるバインダー同士を併用してもよい。この場合、各バインダー樹脂の合計含有量が上記範囲内となる。
本発明の樹脂組成物は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、添加剤を含んでいてもよい。例えば、必要に応じて、プラスチックフィルムに一般的に配合することができる添加剤を含有していてもよい。そのような添加剤としては、酸化防止剤、熱安定剤、耐光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、帯電防止剤、滑剤、可塑剤、及び充填剤などが挙げられ、その含有量は本発明の目的を損ねない範囲で選択することができる。また、添加剤としては、公知の可塑剤、有機酸、ポリマー、レターデーション調整剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤又はマット剤などが例示される。これらについては、特開2012-155287号公報の段落番号[0062]~[0097]の記載を参酌でき、これらの内容は本願明細書に組み込まれる。また、添加剤としては、剥離促進剤、有機酸、多価カルボン酸誘導体を挙げることもできる。これらについては、国際公開第2015/005398号段落[0212]~[0219]の記載を参酌でき、これらの内容は本願明細書に組み込まれる。更に、添加剤として、後述する、ラジカル捕捉剤、劣化防止剤なども挙げることができる。
添加剤の含有量(樹脂組成物が二種以上の添加剤を含有する場合には、それらの合計含有量)は、バインダー樹脂100質量部に対して50質量部以下であることが好ましく、30質量部以下であることがより好ましく、5~30質量部であることが更に好ましい。
好ましい添加剤の1つとしては、酸化防止剤を挙げることもできる。酸化防止剤については、国際公開第2015/005398号の段落[0143]~[0165]の記載を参酌でき、これらの内容は本願明細書に組み込まれる。
好ましい添加剤の1つとしては、ラジカル補捉剤を挙げることもできる。ラジカル補捉剤については、国際公開第2015/005398号段落[0166]~[0199]の記載を参酌でき、これらの内容は本願明細書に組み込まれる。
好ましい添加剤の1つとしては、劣化防止剤を挙げることもできる。劣化防止剤については、国際公開第2015/005398号段落[0205]~[0206]の記載を参酌でき、これらの内容は本願明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明においては光学フィルターに劣化防止の観点から、紫外線吸収剤を加えてもよい。紫外線吸収剤としては、波長370nm以下の紫外線の吸収能に優れ、かつ良好な液晶表示性の観点から、波長400nm以上の可視光の吸収が少ないものが好ましく用いられる。本発明に好ましく用いられる紫外線吸収剤の具体例としては、例えばヒンダードフェノール系化合物、ヒドロキシベンゾフェノン系化合物、ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物、サリチル酸エステル系化合物、ベンゾフェノン系化合物、シアノアクリレート系化合物、ニッケル錯塩系化合物などが挙げられる。
ヒンダードフェノール系化合物の例としては、2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-p-ク
レゾール、ペンタエリスリチル-テトラキス〔3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート〕、N,N’-ヘキサメチレンビス(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-ヒドロシンナミド)、1,3,5-トリメチル-2,4,6-トリス(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)ベンゼン、トリス-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)-イソシアヌレイトなどが挙げられる。ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物の例としては、2-(2′-ヒドロキシ-5′-メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2,2-メチレンビス(4-(1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチル)-6-(2H-ベンゾトリアゾール-2-イル)フェノール)、(2,4-ビス-(n-オクチルチオ)-6-(4-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジ-tert-ブチルアニリノ)-1,3,5-トリアジン、トリエチレングリコール-ビス〔3-(3-tert-ブチル-5-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート〕、N,N’-ヘキサメチレンビス(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-ヒドロシンナミド)、1,3,5-トリメチル-2,4,6-トリス(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)ベンゼン、2(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’,5’-ジ-tert-ブチルフェニル)-5-クロルベンゾトリアゾール、(2(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’,5’-ジ-tert-アミルフェニル)-5-クロルベンゾトリアゾール、2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-p-クレゾール、ペンタエリスリチル-テトラキス〔3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート〕、2-(2H-ベンゾトリアゾール-2-イル)-6-(1-メチル-1-フェニルエチル)-4-(1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチル)フェノールなどが挙げられる。
本発明の樹脂組成物を用いて形成した膜は、光学フィルターとして好適である。すなわち本発明の光学フィルターは、本発明の樹脂組成物を含む膜である。光学フィルター及び膜中の各成分の含有量は本発明の樹脂組成物におけるものと同じである。
以下に、光学フィルターの製造方法を説明する。
光学フィルターの製造方法は、本発明の樹脂組成物を用いること以外は特に限定されず、通常の成形法により、適宜に製造できる。
上記エーテル、ケトン及びエステルは、環状構造を有していてもよい。また、上記エーテル、ケトン及びエステルの官能基(すなわち、-O-、-CO-及びCOO-)のいずれかを2つ以上有する化合物も、上記有機溶媒として用いることができる。上記有機溶媒は、アルコール性水酸基のような他の官能基を有していてもよい。2種類以上の官能基を有する有機溶媒の場合、その炭素原子数はいずれかの官能基を有する溶媒の上述の好ましい炭素原子数範囲内であることが好ましい。
2,367,603号、同2,492,078号、同2,492,977号、同2,492,978号、同2,607,704号、同2,739,069号及び同2,739,070号の各明細書、英国特許第640731号及び同736892号の各明細書、並びに特公昭45-4554号、同49-5614号、特開昭60-176834号、同60-203430号及び同62-115035号の各公報を参考にすることができる。バンド上での乾燥は空気、窒素などの不活性ガスを送風することにより行うことができる。
ドープの流延から後乾燥までの工程は、空気雰囲気下でもよいし窒素ガスなどの不活性ガス雰囲気下でもよい。本発明の光学フィルターの製造に用いる巻き取り機は、一般的に使用されているものでよく、定テンション法、定トルク法、テーパーテンション法、内部応力一定のプログラムテンションコントロール法などの巻き取り方法で巻き取ることができる。
上記光学フィルターには、延伸処理を行うこともできる。延伸処理により光学フィルターに所望のレターデーションを付与することが可能である。光学フィルターの延伸方向は幅方向、長手方向のいずれでも好ましい。
幅方向に延伸する方法は、例えば、特開昭62-115035号、特開平4-152125号、同4-284211号、同4-298310号、同11-48271号などの各公報に記載されている。
本発明の光学フィルターの好ましい物性又は特性について説明する。
延伸倍率は、1.1~10倍が好ましく、より好ましくは1.3~8倍であり、この範囲で所望のレターデーションとなるようにすればよい。
この様にして得た光学フィルターは、延伸により分子が配向されて、所望の大きさのレターデーションを持たせることができる。
本発明の画像表示装置として、液晶表示装置や有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示装置が挙げられる。本発明の画像表示装置について、好ましい形態である液晶表示装置(「本発明の液晶表示装置」とも称す。)を例にして説明する。
本発明の液晶表示装置は、本発明の光学フィルターを少なくとも1枚含むことを特徴とする。本発明の光学フィルターは、後述のとおり偏光板保護フィルム及び/又は粘着剤層として使用されてもよく、液晶表示装置に用いるバックライトユニットに含まれていてもよい。
また、本発明の液晶表示装置10において、上記液晶セルと偏光板(上側偏光板1及び/又は下側偏光板8)とが粘着剤層(図示せず)を介して張り合わされていてもよい。この場合、本発明の光学フィルターは、前述の粘着剤層を兼ねていてもよい。
液晶表示装置10には、画像直視型、画像投影型又は光変調型が含まれる。TFTやMIMのような3端子又は2端子半導体素子を用いたアクティブマトリックス液晶表示装置が本発明は有効である。もちろん時分割駆動と呼ばれるSTNモードに代表されるパッシブマトリックス液晶表示装置でも有効である。
本発明の光学フィルターがバックライトユニットに含まれている場合には、液晶表示装置の偏光板は、通常の偏光板(本発明の光学フィルターを含まない偏光板)でもよく、本発明の光学フィルターを含む偏光板でもよい。また、粘着剤層は、通常の粘着剤層(本発明の光学フィルターでないもの)でもよく、本発明の光学フィルターによる粘着剤層でもよい。
本発明に用いる偏光板は、偏光子、及び少なくとも1枚の偏光板保護フィルムを含む。
本発明に用いる偏光板は、偏光子と、偏光子の両面に偏光板保護フィルムを有するものであることが好ましく、少なくとも一方の面に、本発明の光学フィルターを偏光板保護フィルムとして含むことが好ましい。偏光子の本発明の光学フィルター(偏光板保護フィルム)を有する面とは反対の面には、通常の偏光板保護フィルムを有してもよい。
本発明に用いる偏光板保護フィルムの膜厚は、5μm以上120μm以下であり、10μm以上100μm以下がより好ましい。薄いフィルムの方が液晶表示装置に組み込んだ際に高温高湿経時後の表示ムラが発生しにくく好ましい。一方、薄すぎるとフィルム製造及び偏光板作製時に安定に搬送させることが難しくなる。本発明の光学フィルターが偏光板保護フィルムを兼ねる場合には、光学フィルターの厚さが上記範囲を満たすことが好ましい。
本発明に用いる偏光板の形状は、液晶表示装置にそのまま組み込むことが可能な大きさに切断されたフィルム片の態様の偏光板のみならず、連続生産により、長尺状に作製され、ロール状に巻き上げられた態様(例えば、ロール長2500m以上又は3900m以上の態様)の偏光板も含まれる。大画面液晶表示装置用とするためには、偏光板の幅は1470mm以上とすることが好ましい。
セパレートフィルムは偏光板出荷時、製品検査時等において偏光板を保護する目的で用いられる。セパレートフィルムは液晶板へ貼合する接着層をカバーする目的で用いられ、偏光板を液晶板へ貼合する面側に用いられる。
本発明に用いる偏光板に用いられる偏光子について説明する。
本発明に用いる偏光板に用いることができる偏光子としては、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)と二色性分子から構成することが好ましいが、特開平11-248937号公報に記載されているようにPVA、ポリ塩化ビニルを脱水、脱塩素することによりポリエン構造を生成し、これを配向させたポリビニレン系偏光子も使用することができる。
偏光子の延伸前のフィルム膜厚は特に限定されないが、フィルム保持の安定性、延伸の均質性の観点から、1μm~1mmが好ましく、5~200μmが特に好ましい。また、特開2002-236212号に記載されているように水中において4~6倍の延伸を行った時に発生する応力が10N以下となるような薄いPVAフィルムを使用してもよい。
偏光子の製造方法としては、特に制限はないが、例えば、上記PVAをフィルム化した後、二色性分子を導入して偏光子を構成することが好ましい。PVAフィルムの製造は、特開2007-86748号公報の〔0213〕~〔0237〕に記載の方法、特許第3342516号明細書、特開平09-328593号公報、特開2001-302817号公報、特開2002-144401号公報等を参考にして行うことができる。
本発明に用いる偏光板は、上記偏光子の少なくとも一方の面に、少なくとも1枚の偏光板保護フィルム(好ましくは、本発明の光学フィルター)を接着(積層)して製造される。
偏光板保護フィルムをアルカリ処理し、ポリビニルアルコールフィルムを沃素溶液中に浸漬延伸して作製した偏光子の両面に、完全ケン化ポリビニルアルコール水溶液を用いて貼り合わせる方法により作製することが好ましい。
上記偏光板保護フィルムの処理面と偏光子を貼り合わせるのに使用される接着剤としては、例えば、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルブチラール等のポリビニルアルコール系接着剤、ブチルアクリレート等のビニル系ラテックス等が挙げられる。
遅相軸の測定は、公知の種々の方法で測定することができ、例えば、複屈折計(KOBRADH、王子計測機器社製)を用いて行うことができる。
ここで、実質的に平行であるとは、偏光板保護フィルムの主屈折率nxの方向と偏光板の透過軸の方向とが、そのずれが±5°以内の角度で交わっていることをいい、±1°以内の角度で交わっていることが好ましく、±0.5°以内の角度で交わっていることがより好ましい。交わる角度が1°以内であれば、偏光板クロスニコル下での偏光度性能が低下しにくく、光抜けが生じにくく好ましい。
主屈折率nxの方向と透過軸の方向とが直交又は45°となるとは、主屈折率nxの方向と透過軸の方向との交わる角度が、直交及び45°に関する厳密な角度から±5°の範囲内であることを意味し、厳密な角度との誤差は、±1°の範囲内が好ましく、±0.5°の範囲内がより好ましい。
本発明に用いる偏光板は、ディスプレイの視認性向上のための反射防止フィルム、輝度向上フィルム、ハードコート層、前方散乱層、アンチグレア(防眩)層、防汚層、帯電防止層等の機能層を有する光学フィルムと複合した機能化偏光板としても好ましく使用される。機能化のための反射防止フィルム、輝度向上フィルム、他の機能性光学フィルム、ハードコート層、前方散乱層、アンチグレア層については、特開2007-86748号公報の〔0257〕~〔0276〕に記載され、これらの記載を基に機能化した偏光板を作成することができる。
本発明の液晶表示装置において、偏光板は粘着剤層を介して液晶セルと貼り合わされていることが好ましい。本発明の光学フィルターは上記粘着剤層を兼ねていてもよい。本発明の光学フィルターが粘着剤層を兼ねていない場合には、粘着剤層は通常の粘着剤層を用いることができる。
粘着剤層としては、偏光板と液晶セルとを貼り合せることができる限り特に限定されないが、例えば、アクリル系、ウレタン系、ポリイソブチレン等が好ましい。
本発明の光学フィルターが粘着剤層を兼ねる場合、この粘着剤層は、上記色素と上記バインダーとを含み、さらに架橋剤、カップリグ剤等を含有して粘着性を付与されている。
光学フィルターが粘着剤層を兼ねる場合、粘着剤層は上記バインダーを90~100質量%含むことが好ましく、95~100質量%含むことが好ましい。色素の含有量は、上述したとおりである。
粘着剤層の厚さは、特に限定されないが、例えば、1~50μmが好ましく、3~30μmがより好ましい。
液晶セルは、特に限定されず、通常のものを使用することができる。
本発明の固体撮像素子は、上述した本発明の光学フィルターを備える。本発明の固体撮像素子の構成としては、本発明の光学フィルターを備え、固体撮像素子として機能する構成であれば特に制限されない。本発明の固体撮像素子は、耐候性、コントラストに優れる本発明の光学フィルター(カラーフィルタ)を備えるため、長期使用に亘って画像の色調、色再現性に優れる。
続いて、得られた中間体1aを1質量部、炭酸カリウムを0.83質量部、ヨウ化カリウムを0.09質量部、及び4-メトキシフェノールを0.7質量部、量り取り、ジメチルホルムアミド20質量部中で、温度85℃で24時間、次いで温度105℃で6時間、加熱攪拌した。反応終了後、水及び酢酸エチルを加えて分液精製し、有機層を濃縮し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、中間体1を0.4質量部得た。
得られた中間体1を0.3質量部、またWO2008/090757などを参考に合成して得た化合物Cを0.3質量部、量り取り、トルエン20質量部及びブタノール20質量部の混合溶媒中で、3時間加熱還流した。反応終了後、0℃まで冷やし、析出した固体をろ過して粗体を得た。得られた粗体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、目的の化合物A-1を0.16質量部得た。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ 1.26-1.31(m,9H),1.64(s,3H),3.50-3.56(m,4H),3.62-3.68(m,2H),3.86(t,2H),4.15(t,2H),6.75(d,2H),6.81(d,2H),8.37-8.40(m,4H)。
下記スキームに従い化合物B-3を合成した。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ 11.06(1H,s),10.57(1H,s),8.01(2H,s),6.16(1H,d,J=8.9Hz),6.07(1H,d,J=8.9Hz),5.16(1H,s),4.12(4H,t,J=7.2Hz),3.87(4H,t,J=7.2Hz),3.15-2.74(4H,m),2.50(3H,s),2.44-2.26(4H,m),2.19(3H,s),2.16(3H,s),2.10(3H,s),2.05(3H,s),2.00(3H,s),1.95(3H,s),1.59(6H,s),1.57(6H,s),1.36(9H,s),1.26(2H,q,J=7.6Hz),0.90(3H,t,J=7.6Hz)
<材料>
(樹脂1)
市販のポリスチレン(PSジャパン社製、SGP-10、Tg:100℃)を110℃で加熱し、常温(23℃)に戻してから用いた。
(基材フィルム1)
市販のポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム、ルミラー(R)S105(膜厚38μm、東レ(株)製)を基材1として用いた。
下記に示す成分を混合し、樹脂溶液S-1(樹脂組成物)を調製した。
――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
樹脂溶液S-1の組成
――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
樹脂1 100質量部
上記色素A-1 0.444質量部
酢酸エチル(溶媒) 574質量部
――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
上記濾過処理後の樹脂溶液S-1を、基材フィルム1上に、乾燥後の膜厚が5.0μmとなるようにバーコーターを用いて塗布し、100℃で乾燥し、光学フィルター101を作製した。
実施例1において用いる色素とその量を下表の通りとしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例2~12及び比較例1~5の各光学フィルターを作製した。各光学フィルターの厚みも実施例1と同じとした。比較例で用いた色素を以下に示す。
上記各実施例及び比較例の光学フィルターを、スガ試験機社製スーパーキセノンウェザーメーターSX75で、60℃、相対湿度60%の環境下において10万ルックスで90時間光を照射した後に、吸収極大波長における吸光度差を測定し、以下の式により吸光度変化率を算出した。
(吸光度変化率)(%)=(90時間照射後の吸光度差)/(照射前の吸光度差)×100
結果を下表に示す。
ここで、光学フィルターの吸収極大波長は、次のように決定した。
島津製作所(株)製UV3150分光光度計により各実施例及び比較例の光学フィルターの、400nmから800nmの波長範囲における吸光度を1nmごとに測定した。光学フィルターの各波長における吸光度と、色素を含有しないフィルターの吸光度との吸光度差を算出し、吸光度差が最大となる波長を吸収極大波長と定義した。
<光学フィルター(偏光板保護膜)の表面処理>
上記の各実施例及び比較例で作製した光学フィルター(基材フィルム付)について、基材フィルムとは反対側の面にコロナ処理を行い、表面処理した光学フィルターを作製した。
特開2001-141926号公報の実施例1に従い、2対のニップロール間に周速差を与え、長手方向に延伸し、厚み12μmのポリビニルアルコール樹脂を含む偏光層を作製した。
(アクリル樹脂の調製)
攪拌装置、温度センサー、冷却管および窒素導入管を備えた内容積30Lの反応釜に、メタクリル酸メチル(MMA)8000g、2-(ヒドロキシメチル)アクリル酸メチル(MHMA)2000gおよび重合溶媒としてトルエン10000gを仕込み、これに窒素を通じつつ、107℃まで昇温させた。昇温に伴う環流が始まったところで、重合開始剤としてt-アミルパーオキシイソノナノエート10gを添加するとともに、t-アミルパーオキシイソノナノエート20gとトルエン100gとからなる溶液を2時間かけて滴下しながら、約105~110℃の環流下で溶液重合を進行させ、さらに4時間の熟成を行った。重合反応率は95%、得られた重合体におけるMHMAの含有率(重量比)は20%であった。
上記(メタ)アクリル樹脂Aの100質量部とゴム質弾性体C-1の10質量部とを二軸押し出し機に供給し、約280℃でシート状に溶融押し出しして、厚さ40μmの長尺状のアウター偏光板保護膜を作製した。なお、ゴム質弾性体C-1としては、カネエースM-210(株式会社カネカ製)を用いた。
偏光層と、上記表面処理した光学フィルターを、この光学フィルターのコロナ処理面が偏光層側になるように、ポリビニルアルコール((株)クラレ製、PVA-117H)3質量%水溶液を用いて、偏光層の吸収軸と光学フィルターの長手方向とが平行になるようにロールツーロールで積層した。
つぎに、アウター偏光板保護膜に下記組成の接着剤Mを、マイクログラビアコーター(グラビアロール:#300,回転速度140%/ライン速)を用いて、厚さ5μmになるように塗工し、接着剤付きフロント用偏光板保護膜とした。次いで、この接着剤付きフロント用偏光板保護膜と上記偏光層を、接着剤付きフロント用偏光板保護膜の接着剤が付いている側の面と、上記偏光層の、光学フィルターがついていない面を貼り合わせ、光学フィルターの側から紫外線を照射して、偏光板を作製した。なお、ライン速度は20m/min、紫外線の積算光量300mJ/cm2とした。ここで、偏光子の透過軸とアウター偏光板保護膜の搬送方向とが直交するように配置した。
-接着剤Mの組成-
2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート100質量部
トリレンジイソシアネート10質量部
光重合開始剤(イルガキュア907、BASF製)3質量部
偏光度(%)=[(平行透過率-直交透過率)/(直交透過率+平行透過率)]1/2×100
結果を下表に示す。
各実施例及び比較例の光学フィルターにおいて、吸収極大波長における吸光度を1としたときの、波長450nmの吸光度の相対値(450nm相対値)を算出し、下記評価基準に基づき評価した。
<450nm吸光度評価基準>
A:吸収極大波長における吸光度1に対する450nm吸光度の相対値が0.01未満
B:吸収極大波長における吸光度1に対する450nm吸光度の相対値が0.01以上0.03未満
C:吸収極大波長における吸光度1に対する450nm吸光度の相対値が0.03以上
結果を下表に示す。
各実施例及び比較例で作製した光学フィルターの表面(基材フィルムとは反対側の面)を、光学顕微鏡(MX-61L、オリンパス社製)を用いて明視野200倍で観察した。観察した表面状態を、下記評価基準に基づき評価した。
<面状評価基準>
A:ムラが観察されない。
B:ムラが観察される。
「ムラ」とは表面が均一ではなく荒れている状態である。より詳細には、色に濃淡が出ている状態である。
結果を下表に示す。
これに対し、本発明で規定する色素化合物を用いた実施例1~10のフィルターは、比較例1に比べて高い偏光度を実現でき、耐光性にも優れ、また、ムラや結晶の析出が観察されず優れた面状を示した。
これに対し、本発明で規定する色素化合物を用いた実施例11~21のフィルターは、比較例3~5に比べて高い偏光度を実現でき、耐光性にも優れ、また、ムラや結晶の析出が観察されず優れた面状を示した。
2 上側偏光板吸収軸の方向
3 液晶セル上電極基板
4 上基板の配向制御方向
5 液晶層
6 液晶セル下電極基板
7 下基板の配向制御方向
8 下側偏光板
9 下側偏光板吸収軸の方向
B バックライトユニット
10 液晶表示装置
Claims (11)
- 下記一般式(1)で表される化合物と樹脂とを含む樹脂組成物。
Q1は、下記(i)及び(ii)を満たす構造部を示す。
(i)最高被占軌道と最低空軌道とのエネルギー準位差が2.9eV以上。
(ii)最低空軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値がDyeの最低空軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値よりも小さいか、又は、最高被占軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値がDyeの最高被占軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値よりも小さい。
L1は、Q1との連結部がアルキレン基で構成される2価の連結基であるか、又は、Q1が有する脂肪族環の環構成炭素原子と直接結合する2価の連結基である。
n1は1~4の整数である。 - 前記一般式(2)中、Aが複素環基である、請求項1又は2記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記樹脂が、ポリスチレン樹脂、セルロースアシレート樹脂、アクリル樹脂、シクロオレフィン樹脂の少なくとも1種である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項記載の樹脂組成物を含む膜。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項記載の樹脂組成物を含む光学フィルター。
- 請求項7記載の光学フィルターを含む画像表示装置。
- 請求項7項記載の光学フィルターを含む固体撮像素子。
- 下記一般式(1A)で表される化合物。
Q1は、下記(i)及び(ii)を満たす構造部を示す。
(i)最高被占軌道と最低空軌道とのエネルギー準位差が2.9eV以上。
(ii)最低空軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値がDyeの最低空軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値よりも小さいか、又は、最高被占軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値がDyeの最高被占軌道エネルギー準位の絶対値よりも小さい。
L1は、Q1との連結部がアルキレン基で構成される2価の連結基であるか、又は、Q1が有する脂肪族環の環構成炭素原子と直接結合する2価の連結基である。
n1は1~4の整数である。
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